EP0302301B1 - Cooled tube track for reheating industrial furnaces - Google Patents

Cooled tube track for reheating industrial furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0302301B1
EP0302301B1 EP88111648A EP88111648A EP0302301B1 EP 0302301 B1 EP0302301 B1 EP 0302301B1 EP 88111648 A EP88111648 A EP 88111648A EP 88111648 A EP88111648 A EP 88111648A EP 0302301 B1 EP0302301 B1 EP 0302301B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
offset
sections
length
tubular
support
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EP88111648A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0302301A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Heuss
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EON Ruhrgas AG
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Ruhrgas AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/201Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace walking beam furnace
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/22Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on rails, e.g. under the action of scrapers or pushers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooled pipe string for industrial heating furnaces with individual support tubes which extend in the longitudinal direction of the furnace from the inlet towards the outlet and have a plurality of lateral dislocation jumps, the support tube sections formed between the dislocation jumps being offset with respect to one another and the length of each in Direction of flow of the heat material downstream offset support tube section is shorter than that of the previous section.
  • US-A-3 212 763 describes a burner-heated heating oven with air-cooled support tubes of the type mentioned above.
  • the air heated in the support tubes is to be used as combustion air for the burners.
  • the support tubes are divided into several sections in the direction of flow. Each section of the supporting tube is connected to transverse air lines by means of vertical lines.
  • the entire support tube system is structurally very complex and unsuitable for heating furnaces which are operated at high temperatures for heating steel to the rolling temperature.
  • JP-A-5811725 describes a walking beam furnace, the support rails of which have a plurality of "zigzag" -shaped displacements.
  • parallel sections with a lateral distance from one another are procured in order to enable the staggered arrangement of burners in the lower heating zone.
  • cooling shadows are only half removed or new half cooling shadows are created.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to form a cooled pipe string of the type mentioned so that it is suitable for higher temperatures with a simple design and that the cooling shadow effects caused by the cooled support tubes are reduced and virtually completely degraded in the compensation zone can.
  • the support tubes are formed continuously from the inlet to the outlet of the furnace and are connected to a water cooling system, and that the support tubes are further provided, at least in part, with attachment pieces for the heating material passing through, with the offset jumps in each case across the width go out of the associated support tube.
  • top sections are known per se, but in connection with uncooled support tubes (FR-A-1 432 434).
  • the offset support tube sections in the invention are at least in part inevitably in the heating zone, as soon as the material to be heated reaches the first offset support tube section, the area of the previously offset by the non-offset support tube Heat goods with the lower temperature are already free during heating for heating to a higher temperature level in the places that were not yet in the supporting tube shadow. Now that the support tube, possibly together with the top sections, comes into contact with its hotter points when the heat material is transported straight, an almost temperature compensation will occur soon.
  • the second offset is now provided in this area. This further reduces the temperature differences.
  • the last-mentioned arrangement will be the rule.
  • the offset support tube section located furthest downstream in the flow direction of the heating material ends at the outlet of the heating furnace.
  • the above-mentioned support tube section can end at the fixed hearth. This can therefore be built with a full, undivided support surface, which minimizes wear from the slabs.
  • the invention can also be implemented in walking beam furnaces.
  • the walking beams expediently have the same dislocations as the support tubes and are also preferably water-cooled.
  • the offset walking beams have the same good effects as the offset support tubes, even if they come into contact with the gradually rollable slabs for a much shorter time.
  • the support tubes, together with the walking beams may have three staggered length sections, of which two sections downstream in the direction of flow are approximately 1/3 shorter in succession at a vertical heat material thickness of approx. 250 mm than the previous sections.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show two longitudinal sectional views through a pusher furnace 1 that are perpendicular to one another.
  • a pipe string 2 with individual, parallel water-cooled support pipes 3 is provided, which are arranged on vertical support pipes 4.
  • the heating material 6 (slabs or the like) is moved in a direction of passage 7 from an inlet 8 along a horizontal sliding surface through the pusher furnace 1 to its outlet 9.
  • the heating material 6 first passes through a preheating zone A arranged behind the inlet, then a heating zone B, in which the heating material is brought to the treatment temperature, and finally a compensation zone C, which ends at the outlet 9 of the furnace 1.
  • the support tubes 3 extend continuously from the inlet 8 through the preheating zone A and the heating zone B and end at the equalization zone C. Top pieces 10 rest on the support tubes 3.
  • the equalization zone C in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is in one Solid hearth 14 formed, the bottom surface is completely covered with ceramic plates. The sliding surface of the heating material 6 formed by the surfaces of the top pieces 10 merges practically seamlessly into the level of the full plating of the fixed cooker 14.
  • the support tubes 3 in the preheating zone A run in a straight line and parallel to the direction of impact 7.
  • pronounced cooling shadows in the heat material 6 would lie directly above the support tubes 3 and the top pieces 10 placed on them form if the straight course of the support tubes 3 would also continue over the heating zone B of the pusher furnace 1.
  • a first horizontal, lateral offset 11 is provided approximately at the boundary between preheating zone A and heating zone B.
  • the extent of the lateral offset 11 is preferably at least as large as the widths of the support tube 3.
  • the support tubes 3 run around the lateral offset 11, shifted parallel to their course in the preheating zone A. that is, at a second offset point 12, an opposing lateral offset is provided. Behind the offset 12, the support tubes 3 with their attachments 10 are aligned again with the support tube profile in the preheating zone A.
  • a third offset point 13 is provided, at which the support tubes 3 are displaced again and brought into alignment with the support tube sections L1 .
  • the successively offset support tube sections L1, L2 and L3 are of different lengths.
  • the subsequent length section L2 or L3 in the direction of passage 7 are each shortened in the preferred embodiment by approximately 1/3 of the length of the immediately preceding offset length section L1 or L2.
  • the reference length of the first offset length section L 1 in the direction of passage 7 is mediated.
  • a frequently occurring thickness of about 250 mm in practice which are to be heated to the rolling temperature in the furnace 1 have proven particularly expedient for the pipe string sections L 1, L 2 and L 3 lengths of 4500 mm, 3000 mm and 2000 mm.
  • a walking beam furnace 21 is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the design of the support tubes 3, the support tubes 4, the top pieces 10 and furnace inlet 8 and outlet 9 can correspond to that of the previously described pusher furnace 1, so that corresponding components of the walking beam furnace are designated by the same reference numerals as in the pusher furnace 1.
  • the cooled pipe string 22 has, in addition to the support pipes running parallel to the direction of passage 7, 3 walking beams 23, which are preferably also water-cooled.
  • the drive mechanism moving the walking beams 23 is known and is not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. As can be seen in Fig.
  • both the support tubes 3 and the cooled walking beam 23 have pairs of common offset points 11, 12 and 13, which results in laterally offset longitudinal sections L1, L2 and L3.
  • the function of the lateral displacements 11, 12, 13 corresponds to that in the previously described pusher furnace, namely the avoidance of a pronounced formation of cooling shadows at the locations of the heating material 6 which rest on the cooled support tubes or walking beams over longer treatment times in the furnace 21.
  • the offset longitudinal sections L2 and L3 are therefore predominantly arranged in the compensation zone C adjacent to the furnace outlet 9.
  • the heating zone B is the first offset length section L 1 in the direction of passage 7 and the beginning of the subsequent second length section L 2.
  • the aspect ratios, ie the shortening of the lengths L2 and L3 compared to each preceding length sections L1 and L2 are provided similar to the embodiment described above.
  • Three offset length sections with decreasing section length in the direction of passage 7 form a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention. If necessary, two offset lengths L 1 and L 2 without the third length L 3 are sufficient to prevent the formation of a cooling shadow. On the other hand, it is also possible within the scope of the inventive concept to use more than three offset length sections with decreasing length towards the outlet 9.
  • the number of support tubes and / or walking beams which are preferably arranged parallel to one another and likewise preferably offset at the same points (11, 12 or 13), is not essential for the invention; what is essential is the arrangement and sequence as well as the relative length of the offset length sections on a support tube and possibly the associated walking beam arrangement.
  • the offset support tube sections L1, L2 and L3 are at least partially arranged in the heating zone B in the invention.
  • the temperature compensation while preventing the formation of a cooling shadow on the material to be heated therefore already takes place in heating zone B during the heating period and is not limited to compensation zone C.
  • the staggering of the different lengths L2 and L3 ensures a particularly favorable cooling shadow removal and an optimal temperature compensation within the heat material 6 during the compensation treatment in zone C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen gekühlten Rohrstrang für Industrie-Erwärmungsöfen mit einzelnen Tragrohren, die sich in Ofenlängsrichtung vom Eintritt in Richtung auf den Austritt erstrecken und eine Mehrzahl von seitlichen Versetzungssprüngen aufweisen, wobei die zwischen den Versetzungssprüngen gebildeten Tragrohrabschnitte gegeneinander versetzt verlaufen und die Länge eines jeden in Durchlaufrichtung des Wärmgutes stromab liegenden versetzten Tragrohrabschnittes kürzer ist als die des vorangegangenen Abschnittes.The invention relates to a cooled pipe string for industrial heating furnaces with individual support tubes which extend in the longitudinal direction of the furnace from the inlet towards the outlet and have a plurality of lateral dislocation jumps, the support tube sections formed between the dislocation jumps being offset with respect to one another and the length of each in Direction of flow of the heat material downstream offset support tube section is shorter than that of the previous section.

In der US-A-3 212 763 ist ein mit Brennern beheizter Erwärmungsofen mit luftgekühlten Tragrohren der oben erwähnten Art beschrieben. Die in den Tragrohren erwärmte Luft soll als Verbrennungsluft für die Brenner genutzt werden. Die Tragrohre sind in Durchlaufrichtung in mehrere Teilstücke geteilt. Jedes Tragrohr-Teilstück ist mittels vertikaler Leitungen an quer laufende Luftleitungen angeschlossen. Das gesamte Tragrohrsystem ist konstruktiv sehr aufwendig und für Erwärmungsöfen, die mit hohen Temperaturen zum Erwärmen von Stahl auf Walztemperatur betrieben werden, ungeeignet.US-A-3 212 763 describes a burner-heated heating oven with air-cooled support tubes of the type mentioned above. The air heated in the support tubes is to be used as combustion air for the burners. The support tubes are divided into several sections in the direction of flow. Each section of the supporting tube is connected to transverse air lines by means of vertical lines. The entire support tube system is structurally very complex and unsuitable for heating furnaces which are operated at high temperatures for heating steel to the rolling temperature.

Bei hohen Temperaturen ist es vorteilhafter ein wassergekühltes Tragrohrsystem einzusetzen. Dabei besteht das Problem, daß das Wärmgut an den Stellen, an denen es auf den wassergekühlten Tragrohren - in der Regel unter Zwischenschaltung von Aufsatzstücken - ruht, eine gegenüber den übrigen Bereichen niedrigere Temperatur hat, weil einerseits die Beheizung durch die unter den Tragrohren befindlichen Brenner an diesen Stellen behindert ist und andererseits die Wärme zu den gekühlten Tragrohren abfließen kann. Vor dem Walzvorgang müssen auch diese Stellen die hierfür notwendige Temperatur angenommen haben. Dies erfolgt in der Ausgleichszone der Öfen.At high temperatures, it is more advantageous to use a water-cooled support pipe system. There is the problem that the material to be heated at the points where it rests on the water-cooled support tubes - usually with the interposition of attachments - has a lower temperature than the other areas, because on the one hand the heating by the burner located under the support tubes is disabled in these places and on the other hand the heat can flow to the cooled support tubes. Before the rolling process, these points must also have reached the temperature required for this. This takes place in the compensation zone of the ovens.

Ferner ist in der JP-A-5811725 ein Hubbalkenofen beschrieben, dessen Tragschienen mehrere "zickzack"-förmige Versetzungen aufweisen. Mit Hilfe der schrägen Zonen werden parallele Abschnitte mit seitlichem Abstand voneinander beschaffen, um die versetzte Anordnung von Brennern in der unteren Heizzone zu ermöglichen. Innerhalb der schrägen Zonen werden Kühlschatten nur halb beseitigt bzw. neue halbe Kühlschatten erzeugt.Furthermore, JP-A-5811725 describes a walking beam furnace, the support rails of which have a plurality of "zigzag" -shaped displacements. With the help of the sloping zones, parallel sections with a lateral distance from one another are procured in order to enable the staggered arrangement of burners in the lower heating zone. Within the sloping zones, cooling shadows are only half removed or new half cooling shadows are created.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gekühlten Rohrstrang der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß dieser bei konstruktiv einfacher Gestaltung für höhere Temperaturen geeignet ist, und daß die durch die gekühlten Tragrohre verursachten Kühlschatten-Effekte vermindert und in der Ausgleichszone praktisch vollständig abgebaut werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object to form a cooled pipe string of the type mentioned so that it is suitable for higher temperatures with a simple design and that the cooling shadow effects caused by the cooled support tubes are reduced and virtually completely degraded in the compensation zone can.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Tragrohre vom Eintritt zum Austritt des Ofens durchlaufend ausgebildet und an eine Wasserkühlung angeschlossen sind, daß die Tragrohre ferner zumindest zum Teil mit die Versetzungssprünge mitmachenden Aufsatzstücke für das durchlaufende Wärmgut versehen sind, wobei die Versetzungssprünge jeweils über die Breite des zugehörigen Tragrohres hinausgehen.This object is achieved in that the support tubes are formed continuously from the inlet to the outlet of the furnace and are connected to a water cooling system, and that the support tubes are further provided, at least in part, with attachment pieces for the heating material passing through, with the offset jumps in each case across the width go out of the associated support tube.

Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß Aufsatzstücke an sich bekannt sind, allerdings im Zusammenhang mit ungekühlten Tragrohren (FR-A-1 432 434).It should be noted that top sections are known per se, but in connection with uncooled support tubes (FR-A-1 432 434).

Da wegen der konstruktiven Kürze der Ausgleichszone die versetzten Tragrohrabschnitte bei der Erfindung zumindest zum Teil zwangsläufig in der Aufheizzone liegen, wird in vorteilhafter Weise, sobald das Wärmgut den ersten versetzten Tragrohrabschnitt erreicht, der durch das unversetzte Tragrohr bisher abgeschattete Bereich des Wärmguts mit der niedrigeren Temperatur schon während der Aufheizung frei für die Erwärmung auf ein höheres Temperaturniveau der Stellen, die noch nicht im Tragrohrschatten lagen. Da jetzt das Tragrohr, gegebenenfalls mit den Aufsatzstücken zusammen, beim Geradeaus-Transport des Wärmgutes mit dessen heißeren Stellen in Berührung kommt, wird sich ein beinaher Temperaturausgleich alsbald einstellen.Since, due to the constructive brevity of the compensation zone, the offset support tube sections in the invention are at least in part inevitably in the heating zone, as soon as the material to be heated reaches the first offset support tube section, the area of the previously offset by the non-offset support tube Heat goods with the lower temperature are already free during heating for heating to a higher temperature level in the places that were not yet in the supporting tube shadow. Now that the support tube, possibly together with the top sections, comes into contact with its hotter points when the heat material is transported straight, an almost temperature compensation will occur soon.

In diesem Bereich ist nun der zweite Versatz vorgesehen. Hierdurch werden die Temperaturdifferenzen weiter verringert. Das gleiche gilt für jeden weiteren Versatz der Tragrohre, der derart vorgenommen werden kann, daß jeweils der nachfolgende Versatz das Tragrohr in die alte Lage zurückbringt. Mit Rücksicht auf die Forderung, möglichst viele unterschiedliche Wärmgutlängen einsetzen zu können, wird die zuletzt erwähnte Anordnung die Regel sein.The second offset is now provided in this area. This further reduces the temperature differences. The same applies to every further offset of the support tubes, which can be carried out in such a way that the subsequent offset returns the support tube to the old position. In view of the requirement to be able to use as many different lengths of heating material as possible, the last-mentioned arrangement will be the rule.

Berechnungen lassen eine vorteilhafte Verminderung der Temperaturdifferenzen um bis zu 75 % gegenüber unversetzten Tragrohren und um 25 % gegenüber denselben mit Aufsatzstücken erwarten.Calculations indicate that the temperature differences can be reduced by up to 75% compared to un-offset support tubes and by 25% compared to the same with top sections.

Um in zweckmäßiger Weise eine Ausgleichszone zu schaffen, endet der in Durchlaufrichtung des Wärmgutes am weitesten stromab befindliche versetzte Tragrohrabschnitt am Austritt des Erwärmungsofens.In order to create a compensation zone in an expedient manner, the offset support tube section located furthest downstream in the flow direction of the heating material ends at the outlet of the heating furnace.

Wenn in der Ausgleichszone ein Festherd vorgesehen werden soll, kann der vorerwähnte Tragrohrabschnitt am Festherd enden. Dieser kann somit mit voller, ungeteilter Auflagefläche gebaut werden, wodurch ein Verschleiß durch die Brammen minimiert wird.If a fixed hearth is to be provided in the compensation zone, the above-mentioned support tube section can end at the fixed hearth. This can therefore be built with a full, undivided support surface, which minimizes wear from the slabs.

Die Erfindung läßt sich auch bei Hubbalkenöfen verwirklichen. In diesem Falle weisen die Hubbalken zweckmäßigerweise die gleichen Versetzungen wie die Tragrohre auf und sind ebenfalls vorzugsweise wassergekühlt. Die versetzten Hubbalken bewirken die gleichen guten Effekte wie die versetzten Tragrohre, auch wenn sie für wesentlich kürzere Zeit mit den allmählich walzfähigen Brammen in Berührung kommen.The invention can also be implemented in walking beam furnaces. In this case, the walking beams expediently have the same dislocations as the support tubes and are also preferably water-cooled. The offset walking beams have the same good effects as the offset support tubes, even if they come into contact with the gradually rollable slabs for a much shorter time.

Nach Berechnungen ließen sich Richtdaten feststellen, die einen vorteilhaften Ofenbau für Brammen und dergleichen ermöglichen, deren Stärken um das meistvorkommende Maß herum liegen. In diesem Falle besitzen die Tragrohre gegebenenfalls zusammen mit den Hubbalken drei versetzte Längenabschnitte, von denen zwei in der Durchlaufrichtung stromab liegende Abschnitte bei einer vertikalen Wärmgutstärke von ca. 250 mm nacheinander jeweils um ca. 1/3 kürzer sind als die vorangegangenen Abschnitte.According to calculations, guideline data could be determined, which enables advantageous furnace construction for slabs and the like, the strengths of which lie around the most common measure. In this case, the support tubes, together with the walking beams, may have three staggered length sections, of which two sections downstream in the direction of flow are approximately 1/3 shorter in succession at a vertical heat material thickness of approx. 250 mm than the previous sections.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawings.

Es zeigen in Schnitten

  • Figur 1 einen Stoßofen von der Längsseite,
  • Figut 2 den selben Ofen von oben auf die Tragrohre gesehen,
  • Figur 3 einen Hubbalkenofen von der Längsseite und
  • Figur 4 den selben Ofen von oben auf die Tragrohre gesehen.
It show in cuts
  • FIG. 1 shows a pusher furnace from the long side,
  • 2 shows the same furnace seen from above on the support tubes,
  • Figure 3 shows a walking beam furnace from the long side and
  • Figure 4 seen the same furnace from above on the support tubes.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 sind zwei zueinander rechtwinklige Längsschnittansichten durch einen Stoßofen 1 gezeigt. In dem Stoßofen 1 ist ein Rohrstrang 2 mit einzelnen, parallelen wassergekühlten Tragrohren 3 vorgesehen, die auf vertikalen Stützrohren 4 angeordnet sind. Das Wärmgut 6 (Brammen o.dgl.) wird in einer Durchlaufrichtung 7 von einem Eintritt 8 entlang einer horizontalen Gleitfläche durch den Stoßofen 1 bis zu dessen Austritt 9 bewegt. Dabei durchläuft das Wärmgut 6 zunächst eine hinter dem Eintritt angeordnete Vorwärmzone A, danach eine Heizzone B, in der das Wärmgut auf die Behandlungstemperatur gebracht wird, und schließlich eine Ausgleichszone C, die am Austritt 9 des Ofen 1 endet. Die Tragrohre 3 erstrecken sich durchgehend vom Eintritt 8 über die Vorwärmzone A und die Heizzone B und enden an der Ausgleichszone C. Auf den Tragrohren 3 ruhen Aufsatzstücke 10. Die Ausgleichszone C ist bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 in einem Festherd 14 gebildet, dessen Bodenfläche vollständig mit keramischen Platten ausgelegt ist. Die durch die Oberflächen der Aufsatzstücke 10 gebildete Gleitfläche des Wärmguts 6 geht praktisch übergangslos in die Ebene der Vollbeplattung des Festherdes 14 über.FIGS. 1 and 2 show two longitudinal sectional views through a pusher furnace 1 that are perpendicular to one another. In the pusher furnace 1, a pipe string 2 with individual, parallel water-cooled support pipes 3 is provided, which are arranged on vertical support pipes 4. The heating material 6 (slabs or the like) is moved in a direction of passage 7 from an inlet 8 along a horizontal sliding surface through the pusher furnace 1 to its outlet 9. The heating material 6 first passes through a preheating zone A arranged behind the inlet, then a heating zone B, in which the heating material is brought to the treatment temperature, and finally a compensation zone C, which ends at the outlet 9 of the furnace 1. The support tubes 3 extend continuously from the inlet 8 through the preheating zone A and the heating zone B and end at the equalization zone C. Top pieces 10 rest on the support tubes 3. The equalization zone C in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is in one Solid hearth 14 formed, the bottom surface is completely covered with ceramic plates. The sliding surface of the heating material 6 formed by the surfaces of the top pieces 10 merges practically seamlessly into the level of the full plating of the fixed cooker 14.

Wie in der Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist, verlaufen die Tragrohre 3 in der Vorwärmzone A geradlinig und parallel zur Stoßrichtung 7. Wie oben erwähnt, würden sich ausgeprägte Kühlschatten in dem Wärmgut 6 unmittelbar über den Tragrohren 3 und den diesen aufgesetzten Aufsatzstücken 10 bilden, wenn der geradlinige Verlauf der Tragrohre 3 auch über die Heizzone B des Stoßofens 1 fortgesetzt würde.As can be seen in the plan view according to FIG. 2, the support tubes 3 in the preheating zone A run in a straight line and parallel to the direction of impact 7. As mentioned above, pronounced cooling shadows in the heat material 6 would lie directly above the support tubes 3 and the top pieces 10 placed on them form if the straight course of the support tubes 3 would also continue over the heating zone B of the pusher furnace 1.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Kühlschatten durch seitliches Versetzen von Längenabschnitten L₁, L₂ und L₃ der parallelen Tragrohre 3 weitgehend vermieden. Ein erster horizontaler, seitlicher Versatz 11 ist etwa an der Grenze zwischen Vorwärmzone A und Heizzone B vorgesehen. Das Ausmaß des seitlichen Versatz 11 ist vorzugsweise mindestens ebenso groß wie die Breie des Tragrohrs 3. Über die Länge L₁, die rechnerisch ermittelt wird, verlaufen die Tragrohre 3 um den seitlichen Versatz 11, parallel verschoben zu ihrem Verlauf in der Vorwärmzone A. Danach, d. h. an einer zweiten Versatzstelle 12, ist ein gegenläufiger seitlicher Versatz vorgesehen. Hinter dem Versatz 12 verlaufen die Tragrohre 3 mit ihren Aufsatzstücken 10 wieder ausgerichtet mit dem Tragrohrverlauf in der Vorwärmzone A. Hinter dem Längenabschnitt L₂ ist eine dritte Versatzstelle 13 vorgesehen, an der die Tragrohre 3 erneut versetzt und etwa in die Fluchtlinie der Tragrohrabschnitte L₁ gebracht werden. Wie in Fig. 2 deutlich zu erkennen ist, sind die aufeinanderfolgend versetzten Tragrohrabschnitte L₁, L₂ und L₃ von unterschiedlicher Länge. Die in Durchlaufrichtung 7 jeweils nachfolgenden versetzten Längenabschnitt L₂ bzw. L₃ sind bei dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils um etwa 1/3 der Länge des unmittelbar vorausgehenden versetzten Längenabschnitts L₁ bzw. L₂ verkürzt. Die Bezugslänge des in Durchlaufrichtung 7 ersten versetzten Längenabschnitts L₁ wird rechnerisch vermittelt. Für Brammen einer in der Praxis häufig vorkommenden Stärke von ungefähr 250 mm, die in dem Ofen 1 auf Walztemperatur erhitzt werden sollen, haben sich für die Rohrstrangabschnitte L₁, L₂ und L₃ Längen von 4500 mm, 3000 mm bzw. 2000 mm als besonders zweckmäßig erwiesen.According to the invention, these cooling shadows are largely avoided by laterally displacing lengths L 1, L 2 and L 3 of the parallel support tubes 3. A first horizontal, lateral offset 11 is provided approximately at the boundary between preheating zone A and heating zone B. The extent of the lateral offset 11 is preferably at least as large as the widths of the support tube 3. Over the length L 1, which is determined by calculation, the support tubes 3 run around the lateral offset 11, shifted parallel to their course in the preheating zone A. that is, at a second offset point 12, an opposing lateral offset is provided. Behind the offset 12, the support tubes 3 with their attachments 10 are aligned again with the support tube profile in the preheating zone A. Behind the length section L₂, a third offset point 13 is provided, at which the support tubes 3 are displaced again and brought into alignment with the support tube sections L₁ . As can be clearly seen in Fig. 2, the successively offset support tube sections L₁, L₂ and L₃ are of different lengths. The subsequent length section L₂ or L₃ in the direction of passage 7 are each shortened in the preferred embodiment by approximately 1/3 of the length of the immediately preceding offset length section L₁ or L₂. The reference length of the first offset length section L 1 in the direction of passage 7 is mediated. For slabs a frequently occurring thickness of about 250 mm in practice, which are to be heated to the rolling temperature in the furnace 1, have proven particularly expedient for the pipe string sections L 1, L 2 and L 3 lengths of 4500 mm, 3000 mm and 2000 mm.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 ist schematisch ein Hubbalkenofen 21 dargestellt. Die Ausbildung der Tragrohre 3, der Stützrohre 4, der Aufsatzstücke 10 sowie Ofeneintritt 8 und -austritt 9 kann derjenige des zuvor beschriebenen Stoßofens 1 entsprechen, so daß entsprechende Komponenten des Hubbalkenofens mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen wie beim Stoßofen 1 bezeichnet sind. Auch bei dem Hubbalkenofen 21 gibt es eine in Fig. 3 dargestellte Vorwärmzone A, eine Heizzone B und eine Ausgleichszone C in einer mit Fig. 1 im wesentlichen übereinstimmenden Folge und relativen Länge. Der gekühlte Rohrstrang 22 hat zusätzlich zu den parallel zur Durchlaufrichtung 7 verlaufenden Tragrohren 3 Hubbalken 23, die vorzugsweise ebenfalls wassergekühlt sind. Der die Hubbalken 23 bewegende Antriebsmechanismus ist bekannt und in den Figuren 3 und 4 nicht dargestellt. Wie in Fig. 4 zu erkennen ist, haben sowohl die Tragrohre 3 als auch die gekühlten Hubbalken 23 paarweise gemeinsame Versatzstellen 11, 12 und 13, wodurch sich gegeneinander seitlich versetzte Längenabschnitte L₁, L₂ und L₃ ergeben. Die Funktion der seitlichen Versetzungen 11, 12, 13 entspricht derjenigen bei dem zuvor beschriebenen Stoßofen, nämlich die Vermeidung einer ausgeprägten Kühlschattenbildung an den Stellen des Wärmguts 6, die über längere Behandlungszeiten im Ofen 21 auf den gekühlten Tragrohren bzw. Hubbalken ruhen.A walking beam furnace 21 is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4. The design of the support tubes 3, the support tubes 4, the top pieces 10 and furnace inlet 8 and outlet 9 can correspond to that of the previously described pusher furnace 1, so that corresponding components of the walking beam furnace are designated by the same reference numerals as in the pusher furnace 1. Also in the walking beam furnace 21 there is a preheating zone A shown in FIG. 3, a heating zone B and an equalization zone C in a sequence and relative length substantially the same as FIG. 1. The cooled pipe string 22 has, in addition to the support pipes running parallel to the direction of passage 7, 3 walking beams 23, which are preferably also water-cooled. The drive mechanism moving the walking beams 23 is known and is not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. As can be seen in Fig. 4, both the support tubes 3 and the cooled walking beam 23 have pairs of common offset points 11, 12 and 13, which results in laterally offset longitudinal sections L₁, L₂ and L₃. The function of the lateral displacements 11, 12, 13 corresponds to that in the previously described pusher furnace, namely the avoidance of a pronounced formation of cooling shadows at the locations of the heating material 6 which rest on the cooled support tubes or walking beams over longer treatment times in the furnace 21.

Bei dem Hubbalkenofen gemäß Fig. 3 und 4 ist auf einen Festherd verzichtet. Die versetzten Längenabschnitte L₂ und L₃ sind daher überwiegend in der dem Ofenaustritt 9 benachbarten Ausgleichszone C angeordnet. In der Heizzone B befindet sich der in Durchlaufrichtung 7 erste versetzte Längenabschnitt L₁ sowie der Anfang des nachfolgenden zweiten Längenabschnitts L₂. Die Längenverhältnisse, d. h. die Verkürzungen der Längen L₂ und L₃ gegenüber den jeweils vorausgehenden Längenabschnitten L₁ bzw. L₂ sind ähnlich dem zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen.3 and 4, there is no fixed hearth. The offset longitudinal sections L₂ and L₃ are therefore predominantly arranged in the compensation zone C adjacent to the furnace outlet 9. In the heating zone B is the first offset length section L 1 in the direction of passage 7 and the beginning of the subsequent second length section L 2. The aspect ratios, ie the shortening of the lengths L₂ and L₃ compared to each preceding length sections L₁ and L₂ are provided similar to the embodiment described above.

Drei versetzte Längenabschnitte mit in Durchlaufrichtung 7 abnehmender Abschnittslänge bilden ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Gegebenenfalls reichen aber auch zwei versetzte Längenabschnitte L₁ und L₂ ohne den dritten Längenabschnitt L₃ zur Vorbeugung einer Kühlschattenbildung aus. Andererseits ist es im Rahmen des Erfindungsgedankens ebenfalls möglich, mehr als drei versetzte Längenabschnitte mit abnehmender Länge zum Austritt 9 hin zu verwenden. Die Zahl der zueinander vorzugsweise parallel angeordneten und ebenfalls vorzugsweise an den gleichen Stellen (11, 12 bzw. 13) versetzten Tragrohre und/oder Hubbalken ist für die Erfindung nicht wesentlich; wesentlich ist die Anordnung und Aufeinanderfolge sowie die relative Länge der versetzten Längenabschnitte an einem Tragrohr und gegebenenfalls der zugehörigen Hubbalkenanordnung.Three offset length sections with decreasing section length in the direction of passage 7 form a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention. If necessary, two offset lengths L 1 and L 2 without the third length L 3 are sufficient to prevent the formation of a cooling shadow. On the other hand, it is also possible within the scope of the inventive concept to use more than three offset length sections with decreasing length towards the outlet 9. The number of support tubes and / or walking beams, which are preferably arranged parallel to one another and likewise preferably offset at the same points (11, 12 or 13), is not essential for the invention; what is essential is the arrangement and sequence as well as the relative length of the offset length sections on a support tube and possibly the associated walking beam arrangement.

Die versetzten Tragrohrabschnitte L₁, L₂ und L₃ sind bei der Erfindung zumindest teilweise in der Heizzone B angeordnet. Der Temperaturausgleich unter Vorbeugung einer Kühlschattenbildung findet am Wärmgut daher bereits während der Heizperiode in der Heizzone B statt und ist nicht allein auf die Ausgleichszone C beschränkt. Die Staffelung der unterschiedlichen Längen L₂ und L₃ sorgt für einen besonders günstigen Kühlschattenabbau und einen optimalen Temperaturausgleich innerhalb des Wärmguts 6 bei der Ausgleichsbehandlung in der Zone C.The offset support tube sections L₁, L₂ and L₃ are at least partially arranged in the heating zone B in the invention. The temperature compensation while preventing the formation of a cooling shadow on the material to be heated therefore already takes place in heating zone B during the heating period and is not limited to compensation zone C. The staggering of the different lengths L₂ and L₃ ensures a particularly favorable cooling shadow removal and an optimal temperature compensation within the heat material 6 during the compensation treatment in zone C.

Claims (2)

  1. A cooled tubular assembly (2,22) for industrial reheating furnaces (1,21) comprising separate tubular supports (3) extending in the direction of charge travel from the inlet (8) towards the exit (9) and being provided with a plurality of lateral offsets (11-13), the tubular support sections (L₁ - L₃) formed between said offsets (11 - 13) being offset relative to each other and the length of each offset tubular support section (L₂, L₃) lying downstream in the direction of travel (7) of the charge (6) being shorter than the length of the immediately preceding upstream support section (L₁, L₂), characterised in that said tubular supports (3) form a continuous unit from the inlet (8) to the exit (9) of the furnace (1,21) and are connected to a water cooling, that at least some of the tubular supports (3) are further provided with riders (10) for carrying the charge (6) which also follow said offsets (11 - 13), said offsets (11 - 13) extending beyond the width of the associated tubular support.
  2. A water-cooled tubular assembly according to claim 1, characterised in that the tubular supports (3) have three offset longitudinal sections (L₁, L₂, L₃) and each of the two sections (L₂, L₃) lying downstream in the direction of charge travel (7) is approximately one third shorter than the length of each immediately preceding upstream section, given a vertical charge thickness of approximately 250 mm.
EP88111648A 1987-08-01 1988-07-20 Cooled tube track for reheating industrial furnaces Expired - Lifetime EP0302301B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3725607 1987-08-01
DE3725607A DE3725607A1 (en) 1987-08-01 1987-08-01 COOLED PIPELINE FOR INDUSTRIAL HEATING OVENS

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EP0302301A1 EP0302301A1 (en) 1989-02-08
EP0302301B1 true EP0302301B1 (en) 1993-05-12

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DE (2) DE3725607A1 (en)

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US5232359A (en) * 1991-07-26 1993-08-03 Campbell Frank Jun Device for increasing the thermal radiation heat transfer on an object in a furnace
US5405264A (en) * 1992-04-23 1995-04-11 Loi Essen Industrieofenanlagen Gmbh Device for carrying a charge in a furnace
US5374186A (en) * 1994-01-19 1994-12-20 Italimpianti Of America, Inc. Roll system for roller hearth furnaces for thin slabs
US6299433B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2001-10-09 Gas Research Institute Burner control
US7241135B2 (en) 2004-11-18 2007-07-10 Honeywell International Inc. Feedback control for modulating gas burner
CN103334002A (en) * 2013-07-17 2013-10-02 上海诚达工业炉有限公司 Cross beam mechanism for steel feeding inlet of continuous heating furnace

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US1895072A (en) * 1927-02-17 1933-01-24 Ray M Fenton Continuous furnace for metallurgical purposes
US1927634A (en) * 1929-02-19 1933-09-19 Frank A Fahrenwald Furnace
US2023126A (en) * 1934-06-09 1935-12-03 Frank A Fahrenwald Subdivided roller bottom for sheet normalizing furnaces
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US4886450A (en) 1989-12-12
DE3880916D1 (en) 1993-06-17
DE3725607A1 (en) 1989-02-09
EP0302301A1 (en) 1989-02-08

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