EP0300262B1 - Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor - Google Patents
Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0300262B1 EP0300262B1 EP88110678A EP88110678A EP0300262B1 EP 0300262 B1 EP0300262 B1 EP 0300262B1 EP 88110678 A EP88110678 A EP 88110678A EP 88110678 A EP88110678 A EP 88110678A EP 0300262 B1 EP0300262 B1 EP 0300262B1
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- Prior art keywords
- force
- strand
- billet
- length
- die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
- B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
Definitions
- the travel drives with the measurement and control of the tensile force to be applied to the strands have been improved in numerous proposals to the effect that more precise and direct measurement of the tensile force on the grippers and specially designed drive drives
- a tensile force that is constant and as low as possible is sufficient to keep the strands stretched and to prevent the occurrence of compressive forces in the strand.
- a pulling device which grips the pressed strand soon after leaving the die with a device called pliers or gripper and pulls it onto a bed with press speed and excess force.
- the driving speed of the traction device is adapted to the changing pressing speed by means of a regulation which is carried out as a function of the tractive force exerted on the strand tip, by reducing the driving speed when the tractive force increases and increasing the driving speed when the tractive force decreases.
- the pulling force exerted by the pulling device is kept constant with slight deviations.
- the result is a tensile force acting on the strand in the die area, which reaches from a maximum value, corresponding to the tensile force exerted by the pulling device on the strand at the beginning of the pull-out process, to a minimum value, which ends by the frictional resistance of the extruded strand on the bed of the extraction process is reduced compared to the maximum value.
- the proposal according to DE-C-878 626 constitutes an improvement over DE-C-484 649 in that a decrease in the tensile force to the value 0 can be avoided. Otherwise, however, the same fluctuations in tensile force occur, which are dependent on the respective frictional resistance, that is to say on the respective length of the press strand.
- the invention also aims to improve the cross-sectional tolerances of the extruded strands drawn from an extrusion press by minimizing the tensile force acting in the region of the die and influencing the strand formation in the strand.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the strand with increasing distance from the die can be loaded with increasing tensile force due to the cooling, without cross-sectional changes occurring.
- the procedure according to the invention is such that a tensile force (pulling force) which is adapted to the cross section and the flow behavior in the die increases the unit weight and the coefficient of friction, which increases proportionally to the extruded strand length between the strand and the exit table as factors with a measure of the respective strand length taking into account the pulling force (towing force).
- a tensile force pulseling force
- the tensile force prevailing in the die area can be kept constant at a minimum value sufficient to keep the strand elongated.
- the method according to the invention is such that, after a strand has been cut off and pulled out of the die, the force required for its towing is measured, which, divided by the length of the strand determined at the same time, serves as the specification of a specific profile friction force which multiplies with the respective strand length as the towing force is superimposed on the basic value of the pulling force and the driving resistance.
- the pulling device is provided with a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the respective product of the result, continuous exit path measurement and predetermined specific profile friction force between the running strand and the outlet table, the resulting value is determined and entered as the third summand.
- a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the
- control is provided in such a way that, based on the towing force determined after disconnecting a strand and pulling it out of the die as an actual value, taking into account the length of the strand, a correction value for the specific profile friction force is determined and the same for pressing out the following strand Target cross section is entered. In this way, operational changes in the specific profile friction force are continuously determined and corrected.
- a further feature of the invention provides for a deviation from the straight, loop-free outlet of the strand and thus a decrease in the pulling force acting on the strand in the die area ( second summand of the pulling force) to provide a signaling device in the area of the counter beam of the press, which controls the lower limit of the pulling force.
- FIG. 3 A system suitable for practicing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and consists of an extrusion or tube press 1 and an outlet 2 for the extruded extrudates.
- the extruder 1 shown consists of a cylinder spar 3 with a press cylinder, the barrel 4, which is moved by a plunger and carries the press ram 5, a sensor 6 for the metal block to be pressed and a counter spar 7 supporting the die, which is connected to the die by tie rods 8 Cylinder beam 3 is connected.
- the outlet 2 consists of an outlet table 11 arranged in the longitudinal axis of the press 1, over which a pull-out carriage 12 can be moved.
- the pressed and extracted profiles are conveyed across the cooling bed 13 by means of rakes to a collecting table 14, from where they are conveyed longitudinally by a roller table 15 against a stop 16, by a dividing device (scissors or saw) 17 divided into commercial lengths and onto a collecting device 18 to be promoted across the board.
- the pull-out carriage 12 is moved along a rail 20 resting on supports 19.
- the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12, which is open at the bottom in the region of the rail 20, is provided on both ends with bearing blocks for the wheels 22 which guide the pull-out carriage 12 along the rail 20.
- the pull-out carriage 12 With a boom 23, the pull-out carriage 12 is guided on a further rail 24 by means of the wheels 25 mounted on the boom 23.
- a gripper 27 is guided on rods 26 in the pull-out direction.
- the gripper 27 consists of a two-part base plate 28, the halves of which can be swung out laterally, so that the gripper 27 can be opened downwards.
- slats 30 which can be pivoted about an axis 29 are provided, between which and the base plate 28 the profiles to be pulled out can be gripped by the gripper 27.
- the gripper 27 is intercepted relative to the frame 21 of the pull-out carriage 12 by means of pressure transducers 31 in the pull-out direction, so that the tensile force exerted by the gripper 27 on the profile to be pulled out is measured via the pressure transducers 31.
- a piston-cylinder unit 32 is provided in order to be able to pivot out the lamellae 30 in order to release the strand.
- the pull-out carriage 12 is moved along the rails 20 and 24 via a cable pull, consisting of a pull cable 33 and a capstan or a winch 34, which is driven by a speed and torque-controllable DC motor 35.
- the connection of the pull cable 33 to the pull-out carriage 12 takes place via a pull measuring device 36 which measures the pulling force exerted on the gripper 27 and exerted on the strand and the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12.
- the tensile force measured by the tension measuring device 36 minus the The tensile force exerted on the strand by the gripper 27 and measured by the pressure load cells 31 thus results in the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12.
- the pull-out carriage 12 is in standby immediately behind the counter beam 7 of the press 1. As soon as the tip of the strand reaches the area of the pull-out carriage 12 with its gripper 27, the pull-out carriage 12 is accelerated until it synchronizes with the strand.
- the resulting driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 is determined as a partial force (first summand) of a tractive force to be exerted by the traction drive (motor 35, capstan or winch 34) from the pull rope 33 (see diagram in FIG. 1).
- the gripper 27 closes by lifting the piston-cylinder unit 32 so that the slats 30 lower onto the base plate 28 and thus pinch the strand tip.
- the unit length of the strand corresponds, taking into account the specific weight of its material, to a cross-section, from which in turn the force with which the strand can be pulled out without the risk of a cross-sectional constriction, that is to say without influencing the shape in the die, depends.
- This partial force forms the second summand of the tensile force to be applied in the pull rope 33.
- the length of the extruded strand is continuously measured by pulse counting on a pulse generator 38 connected to the deflection roller 37 for the pulling rope 33 and multiplied by the specific profile friction force between the strand and the outlet table as the third partial value (third summand) of the tractive force to be applied, which increases proportionally with the strand length Pull rope 33 applied.
- the on Gripper 27 measured by the load cells 30 towing force and simultaneously the length of the tow tow.
- the towing force divided by the strand length corresponds to the actual value of the specific profile friction force and is specified for the following work cycle when pressing out the same strand cross section to determine the third summand of the tensile force.
- a torque measurement on the winch or the capstan 34, or connected with a speed measurement a measurement of the power consumption on the motor 35 can be provided to determine the pulling force in the pull rope 33 and the pulling force in the pull rope 33 can be determined therefrom.
- the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage 12 does not change in normal operation, it can be deducted as a constant from the force determined in the pull rope 33 in order to determine the summands 2 (pull-off force) and 3 (towing force), so that the load cell 31 and the In the pull-out direction, there is no need to fasten the gripper 27 in the pull-out carriage 12, and the constructional effort of the pull-out device can thus be reduced.
- the driving resistance is specified or entered as the 1st summand as the tractive force measured in the pull rope 33 when the pull-out carriage 12 is synchronized with the running strand before the gripper 27 closes. This is combined with the 2nd addend, with which the profile-specific, cross-section-dependent, empirically determined pull-off force is specified.
- the 3rd summand is the product of the respective length of the strand determined by displacement measurement by means of the pulse generator 38 and the specific profile friction force, which is determined empirically and predetermined for the first pressing process and for the following pressing process by measurement of the towing of the extruded strand after its separation from the baling residue and exit from the die required tensile force divided by the also measured length of this strand is determined and entered.
- the resulting 3rd summand is merged with the sum of the 1st and 2nd summands and results in the respective target value of the tensile force and from the comparison with the respective actual value of the tensile force the motor for driving the pull-out devices is regulated in its torque.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Mit der beginnenden Mechanisierung des Abziehens der in einer Strang- oder Rohrpresse erzeugten Stränge kam die Forderung auf, die auf den Strang ausgeübte, den Strang gestreckt haltende Zugkraft so zu begrenzen, daß die Strangbildung in der Matrize nicht beeinflußt wird (DE-C-484 649). Sofern Stränge erzeugt werden, die entweder nicht aufgewickelt werden können oder nicht aufgewickelt werden sollen, ist es üblich, hinter der Presse einen die auslaufenden Stränge aufnehmenden und während des Auspressens führenden Tisch vorzusehen, wobei möglichst durchgehende ebene Stützflächen vorgesehen werden, um Verwerfungen der Stränge bei der Abkühlung zu vermeiden. Schon wegen der Gefahr des Ausknickens dünner Stränge und wegen der Rückwirkung der Schubkraft auf die Strangbildung in der Matrize, die zur Stauchung des austretenden Stranges führt, ist es üblich Abziehvorrichtungen zu verwenden, die aus entlang des Tisches von einem Fahrantrieb bewegten und mit die Spitzen der austretenden Stränge fassenden Greifern versehenen Wagen bestehen. Es ist aber Sorge dafür zu tragen, daß die von einer Abziehvorrichtung auf einen Strang ausgeübte Zugkraft nun nicht die Strangbildung in der Matrize beeinflußt, indem sie zu einer Einschnürung des austretenden Stranges führt. Um die Forderung nach immer engeren Toleranzen der Querschnittsabmessungen der Stränge erfüllen zu können, wurden die Fahrantriebe mit der Messung und Regelung der auf die Stränge aufzubringenden Zugkraft in zahlreichen Vorschlägen dahingehend verbessert, daß durch genauere und direkte Messung der Zugkraft an den Greifern und besonders ausgestaltete Fahrantriebe eine in engen Grenzen konstante, möglichst geringe Zugkraft ausreicht, um die Stränge gestreckt zu halten und das Auftreten von Druckkräften im Strang auszuschließen.With the beginning mechanization of the stripping of the strands produced in an extrusion or tube press, the demand arose to limit the tensile force exerted on the strand, which keeps the strand stretched, in such a way that the strand formation in the die is not influenced (DE-C-484 649). If strands are produced which either cannot be wound up or should not be wound up, it is customary to provide a table behind the press which receives the outgoing strands and guides them during the extrusion, with continuous support surfaces being provided as far as possible to avoid warping of the strands to avoid cooling. Already because of the danger of buckling of thin strands and because of the reaction of the shear force on the strand formation in the die, which leads to the compression of the emerging strand, it is common to use pulling devices that are moved along the table by a drive and with the tips of the outgoing strands gripping grippers. Care must be taken, however, that the tensile force exerted on a strand by a pulling device does not now influence the strand formation in the die, since it leads to a constriction of the emerging strand. In order to be able to meet the demands for ever closer tolerances of the cross-sectional dimensions of the strands, the travel drives with the measurement and control of the tensile force to be applied to the strands have been improved in numerous proposals to the effect that more precise and direct measurement of the tensile force on the grippers and specially designed drive drives A tensile force that is constant and as low as possible is sufficient to keep the strands stretched and to prevent the occurrence of compressive forces in the strand.
Mit der DE-C-878 626 ist eine Zugeinrichtung bekanntgeworden, die den gepreßten Strang bald nach dem Verlassen der Matrize mit einer als Zange oder Greifer bezeichneten Vorrichtung faßt und ihn mit Preßgeschwindigkeit und Kraftüberschuß auf ein Ablegebett zieht. Die Anpassung der Fahrgeschwindigkeit der Zugeinrichtung an die wechselnde Preßgeschwindigkeit erfolgt durch eine in Abhängigkeit von der auf die Strangspitze ausgeübten Zugkraft vorgenommene Regelung, indem bei einer Tendenz steigender Zugkraft die Fahrgeschwindigkeit verringert und bei einer Tendenz abnehmender Zugkraft die Fahrgeschwindigkeit erhöht wird. Vermittels dieser Regeleinrichtung wird die von der Zugvorrichtung ausgeübte Zugkraft mit geringen Abweichungen konstant gehalten.With DE-C-878 626 a pulling device has become known which grips the pressed strand soon after leaving the die with a device called pliers or gripper and pulls it onto a bed with press speed and excess force. The driving speed of the traction device is adapted to the changing pressing speed by means of a regulation which is carried out as a function of the tractive force exerted on the strand tip, by reducing the driving speed when the tractive force increases and increasing the driving speed when the tractive force decreases. By means of this control device, the pulling force exerted by the pulling device is kept constant with slight deviations.
Das Ergebnis ist also eine auf den Strang im Matrizenbereich wirkende Zugkraft, die von einem Maximalwert, entsprechend der von der Zugvorrichtung auf den Strang zu Beginn des Ausziehvorgangs ausgeübten Zugkraft, bis auf einen Minimalwert, der um den Reibungswiderstand des ausgepreßten Strangs auf dem Ablegebett zu Ende des Ausziehvorgangs gegenüber dem Maximalwert vermindert ist, absinkt. Hinsichtlich der im Matrizenbereich auftretenden Zugkraftschwankungen bildet der Vorschlag nach der DE-C-878 626 insoweit eine Verbesserung gegenüber DE-C-484 649, als ein Absinken der Zugkraft auf den Wert 0 vermieden werden kann. Im übrigen treten aber die gleiche Zugkraftschwankung, die von dem jeweiligen Reibungswiderstand, das heißt, von der jeweiligen Preßstranglänge abhängig sind, auf.The result is a tensile force acting on the strand in the die area, which reaches from a maximum value, corresponding to the tensile force exerted by the pulling device on the strand at the beginning of the pull-out process, to a minimum value, which ends by the frictional resistance of the extruded strand on the bed of the extraction process is reduced compared to the maximum value. With regard to the tensile force fluctuations occurring in the die area, the proposal according to DE-C-878 626 constitutes an improvement over DE-C-484 649 in that a decrease in the tensile force to the value 0 can be avoided. Otherwise, however, the same fluctuations in tensile force occur, which are dependent on the respective frictional resistance, that is to say on the respective length of the press strand.
Auch die Erfindung hat eine Verbesserung der Querschnittstoleranzen der aus einer Strangpresse abgezogenen, ausgepreßten Stränge durch Minimierung der im Bereich der Matrize wirkenden, die Strangbildung beeinflussenden Zugkraft im Strang zum Ziel. Dabei geht die Erfindung von der Erkenntnis aus, daß der Strang mit zunehmendem Abstand von der Matrize infolge der Ankühlung durchaus mit zunehmender Zugkraft belastet werden kann, ohne daß sich Querschnittsveränderungen einstellen. Beim Abziehen des Stranges mit einer die Strangbildung nicht beeinflussenden, den Strang gestreckt haltenden, geregelten Zugkraft wird erfindungsgemäß so verfahren, daß einer dem Querschnitt und dem Fließverhalten in der Matrize angepaßten Zugkraft (Abziehkraft) eine proportional zur ausgepreßten Stranglänge zunehmende, das Längeneinheitsgewicht und den Reibwert zwischen Strang und Auslauftisch als Faktoren mit Maß der jeweiligen Stranglänge berücksichtigende Zugkraft (Abschleppkraft) überlagert wird. Indem die Zugkraft entsprechend dem mit der ausgepreßten Länge wachsendem Reibwiderstand erhöht wird, kann die im Matrizenbereich herrschende Zugkraft auf einem zum Gestreckhalten des Stranges ausreichendenn Minimalwert konstant gehalten werden.The invention also aims to improve the cross-sectional tolerances of the extruded strands drawn from an extrusion press by minimizing the tensile force acting in the region of the die and influencing the strand formation in the strand. The invention is based on the knowledge that the strand with increasing distance from the die can be loaded with increasing tensile force due to the cooling, without cross-sectional changes occurring. When the strand is drawn off with a regulated tensile force which does not influence the strand formation, and which keeps the strand stretched, the procedure according to the invention is such that a tensile force (pulling force) which is adapted to the cross section and the flow behavior in the die increases the unit weight and the coefficient of friction, which increases proportionally to the extruded strand length between the strand and the exit table as factors with a measure of the respective strand length taking into account the pulling force (towing force). By increasing the tensile force in accordance with the frictional resistance increasing with the length that is pressed out, the tensile force prevailing in the die area can be kept constant at a minimum value sufficient to keep the strand elongated.
Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe und Lösung besteht eine besondere Schwierigkeit in der ausreichend genauen Bestimmung der dem Grundwert zu überlagernden Größe der jeweiligen Zugkraft. Während sich die jeweilige Länge des ausgepreßten Stranges in bekannter Weise fortlaufend messen läßt, ist insbesondere der Reibungsbeiwert größeren, von den Betriebsbedingungen abhängigen Schwankungen unterworfen, so daß sich als besondere und wesentliche weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung die genaue Bestimmung der jeweiligen spezifischen Reibungskraft ergibt. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß so verfahren, daß jeweils nach dem Abtrennen eines Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize die zu seinem Abschleppen erforderliche Kraft gemessen wird, die dividiert durch die jeweils gleichzeitig festgestellte Länge des Stranges als Vorgabe einer spezifischen Profilreibkraft dient, die multipliziert mit der jeweiligen Stranglänge als Abschleppkraft dem Grundwert der Abziehkraft und dem Fahrwiderstand überlagert wird.Within the scope of the object and solution according to the invention, there is a particular difficulty in the sufficiently precise determination of the size of the respective tensile force to be superimposed on the basic value. While the respective length of the extruded strand can be measured continuously in a known manner, the coefficient of friction in particular is subject to greater fluctuations which are dependent on the operating conditions, so that the specific specific frictional force is determined as a special and essential further object of the invention. To solve this problem, the method according to the invention is such that, after a strand has been cut off and pulled out of the die, the force required for its towing is measured, which, divided by the length of the strand determined at the same time, serves as the specification of a specific profile friction force which multiplies with the respective strand length as the towing force is superimposed on the basic value of the pulling force and the driving resistance.
Zur Ausübung des Verfahrens ist die Abziehvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit einer Steuerung versehen, bei der als Sollwert für die auf die Strangspitze ausgeübte Zugkraft zusätzlich zu einem vorgegebenen, den Fahrwiderstand des Wagens oder Abziehvorrichtung berücksichtende Wert als erstem Summanden und einem vom Strangquerschnitt abhängigen Grundwert der Abziehkraft als zweiten Summanden beginnend mit dem Erfassen der Strangspitze durch die Greifer der Abziehvorrichtung ein zunehmender, als jeweiliges Produkt des Ergebnisses fortlaufender Austrittswegmessung und vorgegebener spezifischer Profilreibkraft zwischen auslaufendem Strang und Auslauftisch sich ergebender Wert als drittem Summanden ermittelt und eingegeben wird.To carry out the method, the pulling device according to the invention is provided with a control in which, as a setpoint for the pulling force exerted on the strand tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes into account the driving resistance of the carriage or pulling device, as the first summand and a basic value of the pulling force which is dependent on the strand cross section as a second summand, starting with the grasping of the pulling device by the gripper of the pulling device, an increasing, as the respective product of the result, continuous exit path measurement and predetermined specific profile friction force between the running strand and the outlet table, the resulting value is determined and entered as the third summand.
Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist die Steuerung so vorgesehen, daß ausgehend von der nach dem Abtrennen eines Stranges und dessen Ausziehen aus der Matrize ermittelten Abschleppkraft als Istwert unter Berücksichtigung der Länge des Stranges ein Korrekturwert zur spezifischen Profilreibkraft ermittelt und zum Auspressen des folgenden Stranges gleichen Sollquerschnitts eingegeben wird. Hierdurch werden betriebsbedingte Veränderungen der spezifischen Profilreibkraft fortlaufend ermittelt und korrigiert.According to a further feature of the invention, the control is provided in such a way that, based on the towing force determined after disconnecting a strand and pulling it out of the die as an actual value, taking into account the length of the strand, a correction value for the specific profile friction force is determined and the same for pressing out the following strand Target cross section is entered. In this way, operational changes in the specific profile friction force are continuously determined and corrected.
Veränderungen können sich auch beim Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens ergeben und bei zunehmenden Fahrwiderstand würde schließlich die auf den Strang wirkende Ausziehkraft unter Umständen nicht ausreichen, so daß es zur Schlingenbildung und schließlich zur Stauchung des Stranges kommen kann. Um dies auszuschließen ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, die vor dem Greifen des Stranges allein zum Verfahren des Ausziehwagens benötigte Kraft zu messen und als ersten Summanden einzugeben. Es ist auch möglich, den Fahrwiderstand gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung aus der Differenz der in dem den Ausziehwagen ziehenden Seil wirkenden Kraft und der am Greifer wirkenden Kraft festzustellen und als ersten Summanden einzugeben.Changes can also result in the driving resistance of the pull-out carriage and, with increasing driving resistance, the pulling force acting on the strand would eventually not be sufficient, so that the formation of loops and finally the strand could be compressed. In order to rule this out, it is provided according to a further feature of the invention to measure the force required solely for moving the pull-out carriage before gripping the strand and to enter it as the first summand. It is also possible to determine the driving resistance according to a further feature of the invention from the difference between the force acting in the rope pulling the pull-out carriage and the force acting on the gripper and to input it as the first summand.
Um in jedem Falle und mit Sicherheit auszuschließen, daß es zu keiner Stauchung des Stranges kommen kann, ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung vorgesehen, eine Abweichungen vom gradlinigen, schlingefreien Auslauf des Stranges und damit das Absinken der auf den Strang im Matrizenbereich wirkenden Ausziehkraft (zweiter Summand der Abziehkraft) auf Null signalisierende Vorrichtung im Bereich des Gegenholms der Presse vorzusehen, die die Untergrenze der Abziehkraft steuert.In order to rule out in any case and with certainty that the strand cannot be compressed, a further feature of the invention provides for a deviation from the straight, loop-free outlet of the strand and thus a decrease in the pulling force acting on the strand in the die area ( second summand of the pulling force) to provide a signaling device in the area of the counter beam of the press, which controls the lower limit of the pulling force.
Die weitere Erläuterung der Erfindung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt anhand der Zeichnungen.The further explanation of the invention in an exemplary embodiment is based on the drawings.
Es zeigen:
Figur 1- den Verfahrensablauf in einem die Abhängigkeit der Ausziehkraft von der ausgezogenen Länge zeigenden Diagramm,
Figur 2- ein Schemabild der Steuerung,
Figur 3- eine Gesamtansicht einer Presse mit Auslauf im Grundriss,
- Figur 4
- in einem Ausschnitt aus
Figur 3 in größerem Maßstab den Ausziehwagen in Aufsicht, wozu - Figure 5
- eine Seitenansicht und
Figur 6- eine Ansicht in Stranglaufrichtung zeigen.
- Figure 1
- the process sequence in a diagram showing the dependence of the pull-out force on the extended length,
- Figure 2
- a schematic of the control,
- Figure 3
- an overall view of a press with outlet in the floor plan,
- Figure 4
- in a detail from Figure 3 on a larger scale, the pull-out car in supervision, for what
- Figure 5
- a side view and
- Figure 6
- show a view in the direction of the strand.
Eine zur Ausübung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung geeignete Anlage ist in Figur 3 dargestellt und besteht aus einer Strang-oder Rohrpresse 1 und einem Auslauf 2 für die ausgepreßten Stränge.A system suitable for practicing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 and consists of an extrusion or
Die dargestellte Strangpresse 1 besteht aus einem Zylinderholm 3 mit Preßzylinder, dem Laufholm 4, der von einem Preßkolben bewegt wird und den Preßstempel 5 trägt, einem Aufnehmer 6 für den zu verpressenden Metallblock und einem die Matrize stützenden Gegenholm 7, der durch Zuganker 8 mit dem Zylinderholm 3 verbunden ist.The
Der Auslauf 2 besteht aus einem in der Längsachse der Presse 1 angeordneten Auslauftisch 11, über dem entlang ein Ausziehwagen 12 verfahrbar ist. Die ausgepreßten und ausgezogenen Profile werden mittels Rechen über das Kühlbett 13 quergefördert zu einem Sammeltisch 14, von wo aus sie von einem Rollgang 15 längsgefördert werden gegen einen Anschlag 16, um von einer Teilvorrichtung (Schere oder Säge) 17 auf Handelslänge geteilt und auf eine Sammelvorrichtung 18 quergefördert zu werden.The
Wie aus den Figuren 4, 5 und 6 detaillierter zu ersehen ist, wird der Ausziehwagen 12 entlang einer auf Stützen 19 ruhenden Schiene 20 verfahren. Der im Bereich der Schiene 20 nach unten offene Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 ist an beiden Stirnseiten mit Lagerböcken für die den Ausziehwagen 12 entlang der Schiene 20 führenden Räder 22 versehen. Mit einem Ausleger 23 ist der Ausziehwagen 12 an einer weiteren Schiene 24 mittels der am Ausleger 23 gelagerten Räder 25 geführt. Im Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 ist auf Stangen 26 in Ausziehrichtung beweglich ein Greifer 27 geführt. Der Greifer 27 besteht aus einer zweigeteilten Bodenplatte 28, deren Hälften seitlich ausschwenkbar sind, so daß der Greifer 27 nach unten geöffnet werden kann. Ferner sind um eine Achse 29 schwenkbare Lamellen 30 vorgesehen, zwischen denen und der Bodenplatte 28 die auszuziehenden Profile vom Greifer 27 gefaßt werden können. Der Greifer 27 ist gegenüber dem Rahmen 21 des Ausziehwagens 12 über Druckmeßdosen 31 in Ausziehrichtung abgefangen, so daß über die Druckmeßdosen 31 die vom Greifer 27 auf das auszuziehende Profil ausgeübte Zugkraft gemessen wird. Eine Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 32 ist vorgesehen, um die Lamellen 30 zum Freigeben des Stranges ausschwenken zu können. Das Verfahren des Ausziehwagens 12 entlang der Schienen 20 und 24 erfolgt über einen Seilzug, bestehend aus einem Zugseil 33 und einem Spill bzw. einer Winde 34, der bzw. die von einem drehzahl- und drehmoment-regelbaren Gleichstrommotor 35 angetrieben ist. Die Verbindung des Zugseils 33 mit dem Ausziehwagen 12 erfolgt über eine Zugmeßvorrichtung 36, die die am Greifer 27 herrschende, auf den Strang ausgeübte Zugkraft und den Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 mißt. Die von der Zugmeßvorrichtung 36 gemessene Zugkraft abzüglich der vom Greifer 27 auf den Strang ausgeübten, von den Druckmeßdosen 31 gemessenen Zugkraft ergibt somit den Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12.As can be seen in more detail from FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the pull-out
Beim Auspressen und Abziehen des Stranges wird wie folgt verfahren:When pressing and pulling off the strand, proceed as follows:
Zu Beginn des Arbeitsspiels steht der Ausziehwagen 12 unmittelbar hinter dem Gegenholm 7 der Presse 1 in Bereitschaft. Sobald die Spitze des Stranges in den Bereich des Ausziehwagens 12 mit seinem Greifer 27 gelangt, wird der Ausziehwagen 12 beschleunigt bis zum Gleichlauf mit dem Strang. Der sich dann ergebende Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 wird festgestellt als Teilkraft (erster Summand) einer von dem Fahrantrieb (Motor 35, Spill bzw. Winde 34) vom Zugseil 33 aufzubringenden Zugkraft (siehe Diagramm Figur 1). Sobald der Fahrwiderstand festgestellt ist, schließt der Greifer 27, indem die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 32 gelüftet wird, so daß sich die Lamellen 30 auf die Bodenplatte 28 absenken und so die Strangspitze einklemmen.At the beginning of the work cycle, the pull-out
Das Längeneinheitsgewicht des Stranges entspricht unter Berücksichtigung des seinem Werkstoff eigenen spezifischen Gewichts einem Querschnitt, von dem wiederum die Kraft anhängt, mit der der Strang ohne Gefahr einer Querschnittseinschnürung, also ohne Einfluß auf die Formgebung in der Matrize ausgezogen werden kann. Diese Teilkraft bildet den zweiten Summanden der aufzubringenden Zugkraft im Zugseil 33.The unit length of the strand corresponds, taking into account the specific weight of its material, to a cross-section, from which in turn the force with which the strand can be pulled out without the risk of a cross-sectional constriction, that is to say without influencing the shape in the die, depends. This partial force forms the second summand of the tensile force to be applied in the
Die Länge des ausgepreßten Stranges wird fortlaufend durch Impulszählung an einem mit der Umlenkrolle 37 für das Zugseil 33 verbundenen Impulsgeber 38 gemessen und multipliziert mit der spezifischen Profilreibkraft zwischen Strang und Auslauftisch als dritter, proportional mit der Stranglänge wachsender Teilwert (dritter Summand) der aufzubringenden Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 aufgebracht.The length of the extruded strand is continuously measured by pulse counting on a
Nachdem ein Strang ausgepreßt, von seinem Preßrest getrennt und aus der Matrize ausgestoßen oder ausgezogen ist, wird die am Greifer 27 von den Druckmeßdosen 30 gemessene Abschleppkraft und gleichzeitig die Länge des abgeschleppten Stranges gemessen. Die Abschleppkraft dividiert durch die Stranglänge entspricht dem Istwert der spezifischen Profilreibkraft und wird für das folgende Arbeitsspiel beim Auspressen eines gleichen Strangquerschnitts zur Ermittlung des dritten Summanden der Zugkraft vorgegeben.After a strand is pressed, separated from its remnant and ejected or pulled out of the die, the on
Anstelle der mit dem Zugseil 33 verbundenen Zugmeßvorrichtung 36 kann zur Feststellung der Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 eine Drehmomentmessung an der Winde bzw. dem Spill 34 oder verbunden mit einer Drehzahlmessung eine Messung der Leistungsaufnahme am Motor 35 vorgesehen und daraus die Zugkraft im Zugseil 33 ermittelt werden.Instead of the
Da der Fahrwiderstand des Ausziehwagens 12 im normalen Betrieb sich nicht ändert, kann dieser als Konstante von der im Zugseil 33 festgestellten Kraft abgezogen werden, um die Summanden 2 (Abziehkraft) und 3 (Abschleppkraft) zu ermitteln, so daß auf die Druckmeßdose 31 und die in Ausziehrichtung bewegliche Befestigung des Greifers 27 im Ausziehwagen 12 verzichtet und somit der bauliche Aufwand der Ausziehvorrichtung verringert werden kann.Since the driving resistance of the pull-out
Wie das in Figur 2 dargestellte Schemabild der Steuerung zeigt, wird als 1. Summand der Fahrwiderstand vorgegeben bzw. eingegeben als die im Zugseil 33 bei Gleichlauf des Ausziehwagens 12 mit dem auslaufensen Strang vor dem Schließen der Greifer 27 gemessenen Zugkraft. Dieser wird zusammengeführt mit dem 2. Summanden, mit dem die profilspezifische, querschnittsabhängige, empirisch ermittelte Abziehkraft vorgegeben ist. Der 3. Summand ist das Produkt aus der durch Wegmessung mittels dem Impulsgeber 38 ermittelten jeweiligen Länge des Stranges und der spezifischen Profilreibkraft, wobei diese für den ersten Preßvorgang empirisch ermittelt und vorgegeben wird und für den jeweils folgenden Preßvorgang durch Messung der zum Abschleppen des ausgepreßten Stranges nach dessen Trennung vom Preßrest und Austritt aus der Matrize benötigten Zugkraft dividiert durch die ebenfalls gemessene Länge dieses Stranges ermittelt und eingegeben wird. Der sich ergebene 3. Summand wird mit der Summe von 1. und 2. Summanden zusammengeführt une ergibt den jeweiligen Sollwert der Zugkraft und aus dem Vergleich mit dem jeweiligen Istwert der Zugkraft wird über einen Motorregler der Motor zum Antrieb der Ausziehvorrichtugn in seinem Drehmoment geregelt.As the schematic diagram of the control system shown in FIG. 2 shows, the driving resistance is specified or entered as the 1st summand as the tractive force measured in the
Claims (8)
- Method for taking up a billet produced in the extrusion or tube-making press with a controlled tractive force which does not affect the formation of the billet in the die and keeps the billet straight, characterised in that a tractive force (pull-away force) which increases in proportion to the extruded billet length and allows for the weight per unit length and the coefficient of friction between the billet and the delivery table (11), as factors with the dimension of the respective billet length, is superimposed upon a tractive force (take-up force) which is adapted to the cross section and the flow behaviour in the die.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that, after a billet has been separated and withdrawn from the die, the pull-away force and the length of the emerging billet are measured and the pull-away force, divided by the billet length, is entered as a set value for the specific profile frictional force to be multiplied by the billet length, which is determined by a path measurement, when extruding a subsequent billet of the same nominal cross section.
- Control for keeping constant the force acting in the region of the die on the billet emerging from an extrusion or tube-making press, characterised in that, as a desired value of the tractive force exerted on the billet tip, in addition to a predetermined value, which takes account of the resistance to motion of the carriage (12) of the take-up device, as a first addend, and in addition to a base value - dependent upon the billet cross section - of the take-up force as a second addend, starting from the point at which the billet tip is gripped by the grippers (27) of the take-up device, an increasing value, which is the respective product of the result of a continuous delivery path measurement (38) and a predetermined specific profile frictional force between the emerging billet and the delivery table (11), is determined and entered as a third addend.
- Control according to claim 3, characterised in that, starting with the pull-away force determined after the separation of the billet and the withdrawal of the latter from the die as the actual value, taking account of the length of the billet, a correction value is determined for the specific profile frictional force and entered.
- Control according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the force required just to move the withdrawing carriage (12) before the billet is gripped is measured and entered as a first addend.
- Control according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the force acting in the cable (33) pulling the withdrawing carriage (12) and the force acting on the gripper (27) are measured and the difference between these forces is entered as a first addend (resistance to motion).
- Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a device which signals deviations from a straight, loop-free delivery of the billet and thus a reduction in the second addend of the take-up force to zero is provided in the area of the counter-crosshead (7) of the press (1) and controls the lower limit of the take-up force.
- Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the desired value, as compared with the actual value, of the tractive force measured at the withdrawing device serves as a controlled variable and the torque of a d.c. motor (35) driving a cable winch (34) for the withdrawing device, which consists of the carriage (12) and grippers (27), is adjusted as a function of this.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88110678T ATE74803T1 (en) | 1987-07-18 | 1988-07-05 | METHOD FOR PULLING A STRAND PRODUCED IN A STRANGO OR TUBE PRESS, AND CONTROL OF A PULLING DEVICE THEREFORE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3723824 | 1987-07-18 | ||
| DE19873723824 DE3723824A1 (en) | 1987-07-18 | 1987-07-18 | METHOD FOR REMOVING A STRAND PRODUCED IN AN EXTRUSION OR PIPE PRESS, AND CONTROLLING A REMOVAL DEVICE THEREFOR |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0300262A1 EP0300262A1 (en) | 1989-01-25 |
| EP0300262B1 true EP0300262B1 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=6331870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88110678A Expired - Lifetime EP0300262B1 (en) | 1987-07-18 | 1988-07-05 | Method of drawing-off work from a bar or tube extrusion press, and control system of a drawing-off device therefor |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4995253A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0300262B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6431521A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE74803T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3723824A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO883135L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993013885A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10210475A1 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-10-02 | Sms Eumuco Gmbh | Device for drawing off a strand produced in an extrusion or pipe press |
| DE102012218223B4 (en) | 2012-10-05 | 2018-11-29 | Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH | Extraction device for extrusion presses for removing profiles from an extrusion press |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2016788C (en) * | 1989-11-16 | 2000-03-21 | James T. Visser | Extrusion puller mounting |
| EP0759331B1 (en) * | 1995-08-12 | 1997-04-09 | SMS HASENCLEVER GmbH | Transverse step-by-step transport apparatus of profiles between an extrusion press and a stretcher leveller |
| JP4102416B2 (en) | 2006-11-15 | 2008-06-18 | 丸石製薬株式会社 | Gel-like disinfectant composition |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE484649C (en) * | 1925-08-01 | 1931-08-03 | Kreidler Dipl Ing Alfred | Extrusion or pipe press with puller |
| DE878626C (en) * | 1951-05-01 | 1953-06-05 | Adolf Kreuser G M B H | Transport device for pipes and profiles produced on extrusion presses |
| US3001764A (en) * | 1957-01-22 | 1961-09-26 | Loewy Eng Co Ltd | Pull-out devices for metal extrusion presses with tension control |
| US3184788A (en) * | 1963-02-05 | 1965-05-25 | Edwin A Serrano | Extrusion control system |
| DE1602360C3 (en) * | 1967-02-15 | 1976-01-02 | Schloemann-Siemag Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf | Device for controlling a pulling device for the strand emerging from an extruder |
| DE2933262A1 (en) * | 1979-08-16 | 1981-02-26 | Elhaus Friedrich W | EXTENSION DEVICE FOR EXTRUSION PROFILES |
| DE3404807A1 (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-08-29 | Friedrich Wilhelm Dipl.-Ing. 7761 Moos Elhaus | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN EXTENSION DEVICE |
| GB2165476A (en) * | 1984-10-11 | 1986-04-16 | Bicc Plc | Extrusion of metals |
| JPS61180611A (en) * | 1985-02-05 | 1986-08-13 | Fujisash Co | Puller device for aluminum extrusion shape |
-
1987
- 1987-07-18 DE DE19873723824 patent/DE3723824A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-07-05 EP EP88110678A patent/EP0300262B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-05 DE DE8888110678T patent/DE3870068D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-05 AT AT88110678T patent/ATE74803T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-07-13 JP JP63172825A patent/JPS6431521A/en active Granted
- 1988-07-14 NO NO88883135A patent/NO883135L/en unknown
- 1988-07-18 US US07/327,809 patent/US4995253A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-07-18 WO PCT/DE1988/000439 patent/WO1993013885A1/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10210475A1 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-10-02 | Sms Eumuco Gmbh | Device for drawing off a strand produced in an extrusion or pipe press |
| DE10210475B4 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2004-05-06 | Sms Eumuco Gmbh | Device for drawing off a strand produced in an extrusion or pipe press |
| DE102012218223B4 (en) | 2012-10-05 | 2018-11-29 | Unterschütz Sondermaschinenbau GmbH | Extraction device for extrusion presses for removing profiles from an extrusion press |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6431521A (en) | 1989-02-01 |
| DE3870068D1 (en) | 1992-05-21 |
| EP0300262A1 (en) | 1989-01-25 |
| ATE74803T1 (en) | 1992-05-15 |
| JPH0323244B2 (en) | 1991-03-28 |
| NO883135D0 (en) | 1988-07-14 |
| WO1993013885A1 (en) | 1993-07-22 |
| DE3723824A1 (en) | 1989-01-26 |
| NO883135L (en) | 1989-01-19 |
| US4995253A (en) | 1991-02-26 |
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