EP0293386B1 - Commutateur de micro-ondes avec au moins deux positions de commutation - Google Patents

Commutateur de micro-ondes avec au moins deux positions de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0293386B1
EP0293386B1 EP87901448A EP87901448A EP0293386B1 EP 0293386 B1 EP0293386 B1 EP 0293386B1 EP 87901448 A EP87901448 A EP 87901448A EP 87901448 A EP87901448 A EP 87901448A EP 0293386 B1 EP0293386 B1 EP 0293386B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
switch
coaxial
microwave switch
sections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87901448A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0293386A1 (fr
Inventor
Eckart Hettlage
Gerd Ruff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell Collins Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Teldix GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teldix GmbH filed Critical Teldix GmbH
Publication of EP0293386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0293386A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0293386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0293386B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
    • H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
    • H01P1/122—Waveguide switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave switch according to the preamble of the main claim. This is used to switch RF signals.
  • a coax T switch which has three transmission positions between pairs of four plugs, the switching elements being provided in the form of flat line segments which either lie against the wall of cavities or in the middle of Cavities are arranged. If a line segment lies against the wall of a cavity, it is short-circuited to the cavity and separated from the inner conductors of the coaxial connector. If the line segment is in the middle of the cavity, the ends of the line segment are also in contact with the inner conductors of the coaxial connector, since the inner conductors of the coaxial connector are arranged next to the ends of the line segment.
  • a cavity is arranged in a certain plane and is in the form of a plurality of cavity parts.
  • the cavity has in particular an outer peripheral part which is divided into three outer cavity parts is.
  • Three radial cavity parts start from a central location in the peripheral part and intersect the ends of the three outer cavity parts.
  • a first coaxial connector is located at the middle point, while three additional coaxial connectors are located at the intersections between the radial cavity parts and the outer cavity parts.
  • a single line segment is arranged in each cavity part, which is movable between a position on the wall of the cavity and from the inner conductors and a middle position in the cavity part in contact with the inner conductor.
  • the total of six line segments correspond in number and shape to the cavity parts, so that three line segments run radially outward from a central location, while three line segments are arranged around the three radial line segments so that they form a circumferential segment.
  • the various line segments can be operated individually so that signals can be transmitted between pairs of coaxial connectors.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a microwave switch, of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, in such a way that good transmission properties are achieved in a relatively large transmission bandwidth and this despite a small weight and small dimensions of the microwave switch; this also enables a series connection of several microwave switches with sufficient transmission properties.
  • Waveguide switches are known per se, for example from DE-OS 29 24 969. Adapters for coupling coaxial lines to waveguides and vice versa also belong to the prior art (DE-AS 23 36 166). Since the standard dimensions of the waveguides for the frequencies to be transmitted would lead to very large and heavy waveguide switches, the person skilled in the art will not consider any waveguide switches to solve the problem. It is only through the further teaching according to the invention of at least reducing the smaller cross-sectional dimension that a viable way using a waveguide switch is found.
  • a special arrangement of the adapter-coaxial input plugs inserted parallel to the switch axis from one side and coaxial output plugs parallel to the switch axis from the other side - enables straight cable routing without many bends, so that the overall cabling is short and light.
  • microwave switch results from the possibility of connecting either waveguide connections of the internal waveguide switch directly or via special waveguides with corresponding cross-sectional dimensions, in order to achieve improved transmission properties in the event of redundancy for the overall circuit and a weight saving in the overall circuit.
  • 1 contains a rotatably mounted rotor 2 in a housing 1. There is a small air gap between the housing and the rotor.
  • Two adapters 3 are integrated into the housing 1, a third is attached, for example screwed on.
  • the coupling of the RF signals into the waveguide connections is generally known and will not be described in more detail here.
  • tuning screws 6, 7 are arranged on the adapters 3.
  • the coaxial connections run at right angles to the waveguides. This arrangement makes sense to save space.
  • a waveguide opening 11 of the housing 1 is provided with a connector 12. This connector 12 performs two functions.
  • a measuring device or a measuring device can be connected here; can also at this connection piece, when using the microwave switch in a redundancy system, another waveguide with a likewise reduced cross-sectional dimension can be coupled, which leads to the next waveguide switch.
  • the walls of the small cross-sectional dimensions can be formed from several surface pieces.
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of a rotor 2 according to a further embodiment of an internal waveguide switch in a vertical sectional illustration parallel to the rotor axis. Due to the small dimensions 13 of the waveguide passages arranged parallel to the rotor axis, waveguide passages 8, 9 result in a very flat rotor 2, which is rotatably supported around the rotor axis through 360 °.
  • the rotor 2 contains four waveguide passages 8, 9 for connecting different waveguide pieces (corresponding to 5 in FIG. 1) of the waveguide switch in different switching positions. Two of these internal waveguide passages 8 have the task of connecting opposing waveguide pieces to one another. The two other waveguide passages 9 connect adjacent waveguide pieces to one another.
  • the opposing waveguide pieces 5 interconnecting high-conductor passages 8 are bent near the rotor edge, avoiding sharp kinks, and are guided past the 90 ° waveguide arc passages 9 in a different plane.
  • the chokes 14 serve to reduce crosstalk.
  • FIG. 3 shows a microwave switch according to the further embodiment of FIG. 2 in a vertical sectional view parallel to the rotor axis with a drive element 20.
  • the drive element 20 for example a stepper motor, is mounted on the housing cover 19 of the microwave switch.
  • the rotor 2 with its bearing (not shown) and the waveguide passages 8, 9 is located in the housing 1 of the microwave switch.
  • FIG. 4 shows a microwave switch of the further embodiment in a horizontal sectional view perpendicular to the rotor axis.
  • Direct connections from the internal waveguide switch to the internal waveguide switch can be established via the two flanges 10 via special waveguides of reduced cross-sectional dimensions, or waveguide switches of the further configuration can be coupled directly to one another.
  • waveguide bend pieces 9 the walls of the small cross-sectional dimensions are also formed from several surface pieces.
  • FIG. 5 shows the use of two-way microwave switches 21-24 according to the invention in a redundancy system, the signals arriving on four coaxial lines AD and outgoing on four of five coaxial lines FI having four two-way switches 21-24 (S switches) designed internally as waveguide switches. , each with four connections I-IV, can be switched. Connections 25-27 from microwave switch to microwave switch 21-24 are either made with special waveguides or the microwave switches are directly connected to one another at the flanges 10. The multiple coaxial conductor / coaxial conductor transitions present in the case of redundancy in the case of coaxial switching and thus the strong attenuation of the signal carried over the redundancy path are thus eliminated.
  • the two-way switches 21-24 are provided at their connections I and II, the microwave switch 21 also at IV with adapters 3 for connecting coaxial lines.
  • the connections III and IV are provided with flanges 10 for the connection of special waveguides.
  • the microwave switch 24 is terminated at connection III.
  • the signals are fed to the switches via the coaxial lines AD to their coaxial connections I.
  • the switches 21-24 are positioned so that the RF signals are routed to the following amplifiers via the coaxial connections II and the coaxial lines FI.
  • the amplifier connected to the coaxial line E at the terminal IV of the switch 21 is normally not in operation.
  • the switch 23 is switched so that the signal on the coaxial line C at the input I of the switch 23 via the flange 10 at the connection IV, the special waveguide 26, the flanges 10 at the connections III and IV of the switch 22 the special waveguide 25, the flange 10 at connection III of the switch 21, the adapter 3 at connection IV of the switch 21 is connected to the functional amplifier connected to the coaxial line E.
  • the signal arriving on the coaxial line C also has only one coax / waveguide and only one waveguide / Roa transition in the redundancy case. In the case of a pure coax switch, the signal would be strongly damped by six coax / coax transitions.
  • FIG. 6 shows the use of a four-way micro-switch 28-31 designed according to the invention in a redundancy system, the signals arriving on four coaxial lines AD and outgoing on four non-six coaxial lines with four four-way switches 28-31 (T switches) designed internally as waveguide switches, which each have four connections, can be switched.
  • T switches four-way switches 28-31
  • the connections from switch to switch are either made with special waveguides or the switches are connected directly to one another at the flanges 10.
  • the four-way switches 28-31 are provided at their connections I and III, the switches 28 and 31 also at IV and II, with adapters 3 for connecting coaxial lines.
  • connections II of the switches 28-30 and the connections IV of the switches 29-31 are provided with flanges 10 for connecting special waveguides or for directly connecting the internal waveguide switches to one another.
  • the signals are fed to the switches 28-31 via the coaxial lines A-D to their coaxial connections I.
  • the switches 28-31 are positioned so that the RF signals are routed via the coaxial connections III and the coaxial lines FI to the amplifiers connected to the lines FI.
  • the amplifiers connected to the coaxial lines E and K of the switches 28 and 31 are normally not in operation.
  • the two switches 28 and 29 are switched so that the signal on the coaxial line A at the input I of the switch 28, via the adapter 3 at the terminal IV and the coaxial line E following amplifier is supplied.
  • the signal on the coaxial line B at the connection I of the switch 29 is via the flange 10 at connection II the special waveguide 33, the flange 10 at connection IV of the switch 30, the flange 10 at connection II, the special waveguide 39, the flange 10 at the terminal IV of the switch 31, the adapter at the terminal II and the coaxial cable K the following amplifier.
  • the signals on lines A and B have only one coax / waveguide or waveguide / coaxial transition in the case of redundancy and are therefore not damped as much as with pure coaxial switches.
  • the special design of the waveguide passages in the switches and the special waveguide between the switches means that their dimensions are chosen to be smaller than the standard dimensions of the waveguides which are usual for the frequencies to be transmitted.
  • the small dimensions are preferably made much smaller. For example at 10 - 15 GHz instead of dimensions of 9.5 mm in height and 19 mm in width, waveguides with dimensions of 4.75 mm in height and 19 mm in width are used.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

Un commutateur de micro-ondes utilisé pour connecter sélectivement au moins une conducteur coaxial d'entrée avec au moins deux conducteurs de sortie dont au moins un est un conducteur coaxial comprend au moins un passage (8, 9) guide d'ondes rectangulaire dans le rotor (2) du commutateur. Dans le logement (1) du commutateur sont montées des parties de guides d'ondes (5) de dimensions égales connectables l'une à l'autre à travers le passage guide d'ondes (8, 9) et connectées via un adaptateur (3) avec les conducteurs coaxiaux d'entrée ou de sortie.

Claims (10)

1. Commutateur micro-ondes réglable sur au moins deux positions de commutation différentes, pour relier sélectivement au moins une ligne coaxiale d'entrée à au moins l'une de deux lignes de sortie dont l'une au moins est une ligne coaxiale caractérisé en ce qu'un commutateur interne en guides d'ondes est utilisé en tant que commutateur micro-ondes, commutateur interne qui possède au moins un passage en guide d'ondes rectangulaire (8, 9) dans le rotor (2) du commutateur, avec prévision, dans le boîtier (1) du commutateur, de tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) de mêmes dimensions, qui peuvent être reliés l'un à l'autre par le passage guide d'ondes (8 ou 9) ou par les passages guides d'ondes (8, 9), que ces tronçons de guides d'ondes sont reliés à travers des adaptateurs (3) en eux-mêmes connus aux lignes coaxiales d'entrée et de sortie et qu'au moins la petite dimension (13) de la section droite des guides d'ondes est réduite par rapport aux dimensions standardisées.
2. Commutateur micro-ondes selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, côté stator, quatre tronçons de guides d'ondes (5), ayant entre eux les mêmes dimensions, sont disposés à angle droit l'un par rapport à l'autre dans un plan et que le rotor (2) du commutateur interne en guides d'ondes comporte au moins un passage guide d'ondes (8) reliant entre eux des tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) situés l'un en face de l'autre, et deux autres passages guides d'ondes (9), réalisés comme des tronçons de guides d'ondes courbes, formant un angle de 90°, qui relient entre eux des tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) voisins.
3. Commutateur micro-ondes selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) situés l'un en face de l'autre, comportent des adaptateurs (3).
4. Commutateur micro-ondes selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) est réalisé pour le couplage direct à un guide d'ondes de mêmes dimensions.
5. Commutateur micro-ondes selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le guide d'ondes à coupler est un tronçon de guide d'ondes (5) du stator d'un autre commutateur interne en guides d'ondes.
6. Commutateur micro-ondes selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) et les passages guides d'ondes (8, 9) sont disposés avec leurs petites dimensions (13) en section droite dans le sens de l'axe du commutateur.
7. Commutateur micro-ondes selon une des revendications 2 à 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons de guides d'ondes courbes (9) sont disposés dans un plan et que, en cas d'utilisation de seulement un passage guide d'ondes (8) reliant entre eux des tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) situés l'un en face de l'autre, ce passage guide d'ondes est incurvé à proximité du bord du rotor et s'étend devant les tronçons de guides d'ondes courbes (9) dans un autre plan.
8. Commutateur micro-ondes selon une des revendications 2 à 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons de guides d'ondes courbes (9) sont disposés dans un plan et que, en cas d'utilisation de deux passages guides d'ondes (8) reliant entre eux des tronçons de guides d'ondes (5) situés l'un en face de l'autre, ces passages sont incurvés à proximité du bord du rotor et s'étendent devant les tronçons de guides d'ondes courbes (9) dans des plans différents.
9. Commutateur micro-ondes selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la ligne coaxiale d'entrée est reliée au commutateur micro-ondes, parallèlement à l'axe du commutateur, à partir d'un côté, et la ligne coaxiale de sortie est reliée au commutateur micro-ondes, parallèlement à l'axe du commutateur, à partir de l'autre côté (Fig. 3).
10. Commutateur micro-ondes selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par son application à la connexion sélective de n lignes coaxiales d'entrée (A-D) à n de (n+a) (a = 1 ou 2) lignes coaxiales de départ (E-K), dans un agencement utilisant n commutateurs micro-ondes avec au moins deux passages guides d'ondes (8, 9), dont les 2ième à (n-1)ième commutateurs micro-ondes présentent chacun une entrée coaxiale, une sortie coaxiale et deux sorties en guides d'ondes, tandis que le premier et/ou le nième commutateur micro-ondes présentent chacun une entrée coaxiale, deux sorties coaxiales et une sortie en guide d'ondes, que les sorties coaxiales sont couplées chacune à une ligne coaxiale de départ, que chaque connexion de guide d'ondes d'un commutateur micro-ondes est reliée à une connexion de guide d'ondes d'un commutateur micro-ondes voisin et que la connexion des n lignes d'entrée aux n lignes de sortie désirées s'effectue par la commutation d'au moins un commutateur.
EP87901448A 1986-02-18 1987-02-17 Commutateur de micro-ondes avec au moins deux positions de commutation Expired - Lifetime EP0293386B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3605043 1986-02-18
DE3605043 1986-02-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0293386A1 EP0293386A1 (fr) 1988-12-07
EP0293386B1 true EP0293386B1 (fr) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=6294318

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87901448A Expired - Lifetime EP0293386B1 (fr) 1986-02-18 1987-02-17 Commutateur de micro-ondes avec au moins deux positions de commutation

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Country Link
US (1) US4945320A (fr)
EP (1) EP0293386B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3779117D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987005155A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4908589A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-03-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Dielectrically loaded waveguide switch
CH675927A5 (fr) * 1988-01-26 1990-11-15 Asea Brown Boveri
DE3821770C2 (de) * 1988-06-28 1996-09-05 Teldix Gmbh Mikrowellenschalteranordnung
FR2638572B1 (fr) * 1988-10-28 1990-12-07 Thomson Csf Dispositif de couplage de deux sources de signaux hyperfrequence avec reduction de la perte en cas de panne d'une source
US5347243A (en) * 1992-12-23 1994-09-13 Hughes Aircraft Company Non-contacting waveguide "T" switch
US6816026B2 (en) * 1998-12-22 2004-11-09 The Aerospace Corporation Orthogonal polarization and frequency selectable waveguide using rotatable waveguide sections
US9368851B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2016-06-14 Space Systems/Loral, Llc Waveguide T-switch
US20180275760A1 (en) 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Mindmaze Holding Sa System, method and apparatus for accurately measuring haptic forces
US11205825B2 (en) * 2018-03-23 2021-12-21 Victor Nelson Non-contact type coaxial switch
CA3170577A1 (fr) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-25 John Lafergola Commutateur de guides d'ondes
US20230359230A1 (en) * 2022-05-03 2023-11-09 Electra Aero, Inc. Systems and Methods For Controlling Fluid Flow
CN114976531B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-09-26 中国航天时代电子有限公司 一种新型顺序切换波导开关

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR947965A (fr) * 1947-05-22 1949-07-19 Csf Distributeur tournant d'ondes ultra-courtes
GB730219A (en) * 1951-11-29 1955-05-18 Airtron Inc Waveguide switches
BE522186A (fr) * 1952-04-08 1900-01-01
DE1028639B (de) * 1956-10-11 1958-04-24 Siemens Ag Einseitig kurzgeschlossener Hohlleiter-abschnitt, der mit einer Vorrichtung zum Anschluss einer Koaxialleitung versehen ist
US3141943A (en) * 1961-07-17 1964-07-21 Don Lan Electronics Inc Co-axial switch
GB1020335A (en) * 1963-09-04 1966-02-16 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to switches for microwave circuits using waveguides
US4201963A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-05-06 Communications Satellite Corporation 3-Position, 4-port waveguide switch
US4463324A (en) * 1982-06-03 1984-07-31 Sperry Corporation Miniature coaxial line to waveguide transition
GB8526909D0 (en) * 1985-10-31 1985-12-04 Gen Electric Co Plc Switching apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0293386A1 (fr) 1988-12-07
DE3779117D1 (de) 1992-06-17
WO1987005155A1 (fr) 1987-08-27
US4945320A (en) 1990-07-31

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