EP0285516A2 - Schwebebahn-System und -Anlage mit parallelen Zugseilen - Google Patents

Schwebebahn-System und -Anlage mit parallelen Zugseilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0285516A2
EP0285516A2 EP88400772A EP88400772A EP0285516A2 EP 0285516 A2 EP0285516 A2 EP 0285516A2 EP 88400772 A EP88400772 A EP 88400772A EP 88400772 A EP88400772 A EP 88400772A EP 0285516 A2 EP0285516 A2 EP 0285516A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
haul
bull
pair
ropes
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88400772A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0285516A3 (de
Inventor
Jan Krzysztof Kunczynski
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/157,588 external-priority patent/US4848241A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0285516A2 publication Critical patent/EP0285516A2/de
Publication of EP0285516A3 publication Critical patent/EP0285516A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
    • B61B12/02—Suspension of the load; Guiding means, e.g. wheels; Attaching traction cables
    • B61B12/022—Vehicle receiving and dispatching devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
    • B61B12/10—Cable traction drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B7/00—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks
    • B61B7/04—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B7/00—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks
    • B61B7/04—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables
    • B61B7/045—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables having in each direction more than one track serving as haulage cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of aerial tramways, and more particularly, relates to aerial tramways in which the passenger carriers are mounted between a pair of haul ropes driven by bull wheels rotating in a vertical plane.
  • Most aerial tramway systems which are currently in use employ a haul rope which is an endless loop that is driven at one end by a drive bull wheel rotating in a horizontal plane.
  • the opposite end of the haul rope loop also is supported on a horizontally oriented idler bull wheel.
  • Intermediate sheaves usually positioned on towers, support the haul rope and passenger carrier units as they move along the loop.
  • the passenger carrier units may be permanently affixed to the haul rope or demountably attached to the haul rope.
  • the length of the cabin or gondola hanger arm increases to accommodate steepness in the tramway course, the potential for fore-and-aft swinging also increases, since the wind load on the cabin acts on a longer and longer moment arm. Similarly, the increased length in the hanger arm also increases the tendency for lateral swinging under dynamic loading because of the increased moment arm.
  • any aerial tramway system in which the passenger carrier units are simultaneously coupled to more than one haul rope raises the problem of synchronizing the movement of the haul ropes.
  • a bull wheel may have a diameter of about 10 feet. If two bull wheels are manufactured with an error in tolerances of only 0.02 inches on the diameter, these two bull wheels will produce a difference in the haul rope position of approximately 6.28 inches after only 100 revolutions. Similarly, differences in friction of the haul rope on the support sheaves under varying loads can produce errors in synchronism as larger or larger than bull wheel diameter differences.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,509,430 also employs relatively rigid coupling bars between adjacent haul ropes and the haul ropes are mounted close together to attempt to minimize differences or force synchronization. Mounting the haul ropes close together, however, reduces lateral cabin stability and requires a long hanger arm when used on steep slopes.
  • Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an aerial tramway system and method in which the passenger carrier units can be easily mounted to and demounted from the tramway haul ropes.
  • Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a bull wheel assembly for an aerial tramway which enables dynamic adjustment of the rate at which the haul rope is driven without changing the rate of rotation of the bull wheel to enable synchronization of the speed of advancement of the haul rope as compared to a parallel rope operating at the same speed.
  • Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an aerial tramway and adjustable bull wheel assembly which has enhanced safety, is easy to operate, is durable, and requires minimum maintenance.
  • the aerial tramway assembly of the present invention includes at least one bull wheel mounted for rotation, and a haul rope mounted on and extending around a portion of the bull wheel.
  • the haul rope extends away from the bull wheel to haul rope support assembly.
  • the improvement in the tramway system is comprised, briefly, of an assembly for varying the effective radius of the bull wheel to change the rate of advancement of the haul rope without changing the rate of rotation of the bull wheel.
  • the aerial tramway system preferably is formed with a pair of side-by-side bull wheels oriented in a substantially vertical plane with a pair of haul ropes mounted to the pair of bull wheels.
  • One of the two bull wheels includes the radius adjustment assembly.
  • the tramway system also preferably includes two courses, an uphill and a downhill course, with transfer structures extending between the two courses at opposite ends thereof to enable detachment of passenger carrier units from one pair of haul ropes, transfer along the transfer structures or paths to the second pair of haul ropes and attachment of the passenger carrier units to the second pair of haul ropes.
  • the method of changing the rate of advancement of a haul rope, and particularly the method of maintaining synchronism between a pair of haul ropes advancing in parallel relation in the same direction is comprised, briefly, of varying the radius of the bull wheel on which the haul ropes are mounted during operation of the bull wheel. Feedback from grip sensing apparatus may be used to vary the bull wheel radius to change the speed of advancement of the haul rope.
  • Aerial tramway system 21 of the present invention as illustrated in FIGURE 1 includes two dual haul rope assemblies 22 and 23.
  • Assembly 22 conveys passenger carrier units 24 along a first course which extends in an uphill direction (as indicated by arrow 28), while haul rope assembly 23 conveys passenger units 24 along a second course which extends in a downhill direction (as indicated by arrow 29).
  • some aerial tramways extend over horizontal courses, in which case dual haul rope assembly 22 merely conveys units in one direction, while dual haul rope assembly 23 conveys units 24 in an opposite direction.
  • aerial tramway system 21 employs pairs of haul ropes mounted to vertical bull wheels.
  • uphill haul rope assembly 22 includes a first pair of haul ropes 31 and 32 which are mounted between a first pair of drive bull wheels 33 and 34 and a first pair of idler bull wheels 38 and 39 (FIGURE 3). All of the bull wheels are preferably oriented in a generally vertical plane.
  • Support means for the outward bound and return sides of haul ropes 31 and 32, in the form of sheaves 37, are provided along the first course. Such support sheaves are usually mounted to support towers (not shown).
  • Passenger carrier unit 24 is coupled between first haul ropes 31 and 32 by grip assemblies 36 formed to enable attachment to and detachment of the passenger carrier unit from the haul ropes.
  • Haul rope assembly 23 similarly includes a second pair of haul ropes 41 and 42 which are mounted to a second pair of drive bull wheels 43 and 44 and idler bull wheels 45 and 46 (FIGURE 4). Bull wheels 41-46 also are oriented in a substantially vertical plane, and ropes 41 and 42 are supported for movement on support sheaves 47. Again, passenger carrier unit 24 is demountably attached to haul ropes 41 and 42 by grip assemblies 36.
  • a grip which is particularly well suited for use in the aerial tramway system of the present invention is disclosed in my co-pending U.S. Application Serial No. 766,710 entitled AERIAL TRAMWAY GRIP ASSEMBLY AND METHOD. Numerous detachable grip assemblies are known for use with aerial tramways, and the particular structure grip assembly 36 is not regarded as a novel portion of the present invention.
  • grip assembly 36 may be opened by a grip opening assembly (not shown) and the passenger carrier unit supported on a support surface while at least one of the carrier unit and the haul rope are separated.
  • a pair of rails 51 and 52 are positioned proximate first ropes 31 and 32.
  • the grip assemblies 36 further preferably include rail engaging rollers (not shown) which will support unit 24 from rails 51 and 52.
  • haul ropes 31 and 32 drop away from rails 51 and 52 between the last support sheaves 37 and the first drive bull wheels 33 and 34.
  • rails 51 and 52 can be upwardly inclined slightly (best seen in FIGURE 2) to effect gravity deceleration of the passenger carrier units after they are detached from the haul rope.
  • a plurality of drive wheels 56 which frictionally engage the top of grip assembly 36, are positioned above the support rails. These drive wheels are controlled by a central controller and regulate the rate of advancement of the detached carrier unit on rails 51 and 52. Conveyor drive wheels 56 are not shown in FIGURE 3 for the sake of clarity of illustration. This type of conveyor system is described in detail in my U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 722,697, and will not be repeated herein.
  • the uphill end or station of tramway system 21 includes a transfer platform 66 that extends between the upper end of the first pair of haul ropes and the upper end of the second pair of haul ropes.
  • Carrier units 24 preferably include wheel assemblies 67 which allow the carrier units to be movably supported on platform 66 when they are discharged from rails 51 and 52 by drive wheels 56 onto the platform.
  • platform 66 can include guide means (for example, grooves, tracks or rails) for guiding the motion along the platform, as well as drive means for urging the detached carrier units from first haul rope assembly 22 to second haul rope assembly 23.
  • the passenger carrier units can be unloaded on platform 66, transferred from one haul rope pair to the other and loaded with passengers proximate second haul rope pair 23. In their unloaded state, transfer of cabins 24 manually by lift operators along platform 66 can be easily accomplished.
  • cabins 24 may be attached to second pair of haul ropes 41 and 42 by urging the cabins onto acceleration rails 61 and 62.
  • drive wheels 56 are preferably provided above rails 61 and 62 to control acceleration of the cabins up to the speed of the haul rope.
  • Attachment means (not shown) closes grip assemblies around haul ropes 41 and 42 simultaneous, and the cabins are conveyed to the downhill end or station of the tramway.
  • a pair of deceleration rails 63 and 64 are provided with associated drive wheels 56.
  • At the lower end of the tramway rails 63 and 64 extend from the second pair of ropes 41 and 42 to the first pair of ropes 31 and 32 so that wheels 67 of the cabin are always above the station platform 70.
  • a platform or rails can be used at either end of the tramway.
  • passenger carrier units 24 preferably have a width dimension less than the lateral separation between the dual haul ropes in each assembly. This construction enables the hanger arms 26 from the grip assemblies 36 to be relatively short, even for steep aerial tramway courses. As can be seen from FIGURES 2 and 5, the downhill end 27 of the passenger carrier unit 24 comes closest to the haul rope as the steepness of the course increases. Since the body of carrier units 24 has a width dimension less than the width between the haul ropes, however, the downhill end 27 will merely pass up between the haul ropes in the tramway system of the present invention.
  • the use of dual haul ropes therefore, greatly enhances the lateral stability of the passenger carrier unit, and the formation of the cabin of the carrier unit with a width dimension less than the width between the haul ropes enables a relatively short hanger arm 26 to be employed.
  • the shorter hanger arm enhances stability in the fore-and-aft direction, and further enhances the lateral stability by reducing the moment arm between the grip and the center of pressure of the tramway cabin.
  • Such an increase in cabin stability enables a greater separation of intermediate support towers along the length of the tramway course.
  • towers separated by as much as 1500 to 2000 feet are possible in some installations.
  • the tramway haul ropes are advanced at a rate which can be adjusted to maintain synchronism.
  • the pairs of haul ropes must advance at the same rate so that the grips and carrier cabins do not become skewed as a result of uneven advancement.
  • Bull wheel 44 includes adjustment means, generally designated 72, mounted to the body 73 of the bull wheel and formed to effect a change in the radius at which haul rope 42 is supported on the bull wheel during driving of the haul rope.
  • a change in the radius of bull wheel 44 is accomplished by providing a plurality of radially movable members, such as pegs or pusher member 74 which are circumferentially spaced about the circular, peripheral drive surface or groove 76 of the bull wheel.
  • Actuator means in the form of a motor 77 and reducer gear assemblies 78 are coupled by link members 79 and 81 and by flexible coupling 82 to the pegs or pusher elements 74.
  • Motor 77 can be an electric motor coupled by conductors 83 to a controller 84 (FIGURE 1).
  • Controller 84 provides control signals to motor 77 so as to actuate the motor and radially displace pegs 74 with respect to the wheel hub and drive shaft 91. Such movement of pegs 74 increases or decreases the effective radius of the bull wheel. Since the haul rope may not extend 180 degrees around wheel 44, the expression "radius" has been used instead of diameter. It is preferably that all of pegs 74 be displaced simultaneously to the same extent so that in FIGURE 6 the diameter at which the rope is supported also is increased.
  • Pegs 74 can be seen to be retractable into recesses 84 so that the cable or rope can bear against the nominal diameter 76 of the bull wheel. In the preferred form of operation, pegs 74 extend slightly above surface 76 so that actuator motor 77 can be used to either raise or lower the pegs from a neutral position or nominal radius, depending upon feedback which will be described in more detail hereinafter.
  • actuator assemblies for control of the radial position of pegs 74 can be provided.
  • One such system might include friction wheels carried by the bull wheel and oriented in the same plane as the bull wheel.
  • a drive shoe can be selectively engaged with the friction wheels on one side of the axis thereof to raise the pegs and on the other side of the axis to lower pegs 74.
  • a suitable lever system can provide the necessary mechanical advantage between the friction wheel and the pegs.
  • each pair of drive bull wheels are mounted to a common drive or are mechanically coupled to operate at the same speed.
  • all four drive bull wheels have the same diameter and are mounted to a single common drive shaft 91 which is driven by motor or prime mover assembly 95.
  • Driving all four bull wheels at the bottom of the assembly also has been found to be particularly advantageous.
  • All four wheels 38, 39, 45 and 46 can be driven by a common drive shaft, or more typically, by two drive shafts with each drive shaft during two bull wheels.
  • Another typical alternative insulation would be to employ a common drive shaft and drive bull wheels at the bottom of the uphill course 22 and a common drive shaft and drive bull wheels at the top of downhill course 23.
  • the driving pair of bull wheels in tramway 21 most preferably are mechanically coupled to operate at the same speed, for example, by mounting to a common drive shaft.
  • sensing means 94 positioned proximate each haul rope and formed to sense the presence of carrier units 24. More particularly, sensing means 94 is preferably formed to sense the location of grip assembly 36 along the haul rope. Sensor means 94 can include an arm 96 that trips a switch to trigger a timing signal which is communicated through conductors 97 to controller 84. The controller can then compare the time at which each grip assembly reaches the respective sensors.
  • controller 84 will respond to the sensed signals to adjust pegs 74 so as to reduce or increase the effective bull wheel radius in an amount which will correct the skewing resulting from small errors in the bull wheel radius.
  • bull wheel 33 can be provided with adjustment means 72 while the other bull wheel 34 need not include an adjustment assembly. Since bull wheels 33 and 44 will constantly operate to adjust the effective drive radius of the haul ropes, the corresponding idler bull wheels 38 and 46 should be mounted on slip collars or sleeves 98 and 99 on idler shafts 101 and 101a. This allows the idler wheels 38 and 46 to accommodate adjustments made by adjustable drive bull wheels 33 and 44.
  • Drive shafts 101 and 101a can be a common idler shaft only if all of the idler wheels are rotatable independently of each other, e.g., by mounting them on slip collars on the common idler shaft. If not independently adjustable, the idler wheels fixed to a common shaft will fight each other due to friction differences in the system.
  • sensors 94 can also take the form of photoelectric cells or magnetic sensors, and they can be positioned at one or more locations along the haul rope courses, usually supported from a tower which carries the support sheaves for the haul ropes.
  • Controller 84 can take the form of a digital computer, and the adjustment assembly 72 can employ pneumatic or hydraulic actuators to effect radial displacement of the adjustment pegs.
  • circumferentially extending sections of the bull wheel defining groove 76 can be hinged at one point and free to be displaced outwardly at another point to effect radial displacement of the haul rope.
  • Other radial displacement structures and actuators are suitable for use with the method and apparatus of the present invention.
  • the method of the present invention will be understood to be comprised of a method for varying the rate of advancement of a haul rope without changing the rate of rotation of the bull wheel on which it is mounted. This method is accomplished by rotating the bull wheel, and while it is rotating, changing the radius at which the haul rope is supported by the bull wheel.
  • the method enables synchronism to be achieved when feedback from sensors are employed to cause radial adjustment of one of the bull wheels.
  • tramway system 21 driving of all four drive bull wheels 33, 34, 43, 44 by common drive shaft 91 results in all wheels turning in the same direction, as indicated by arrows 106. If idler wheels 39 and 45 turn in the same direction, as shown by arrows 107, and if first pair 22 of haul ropes move in one direction and second pair 23 move in an opposite direction, one pair of haul ropes is advantageously supported in a figure-eight or crossed-line configuration proximate the bull wheels. As can be seen from FIGURE 5, haul ropes 41 and 42 are crossed proximate opposite ends so that the direction of reversal can be accomplished with all bull wheels rotating in the same direction and with the driving side of the haul ropes being elevated or above most of the return side.
  • the return side of the haul ropes is most advantageously used to compensate for slack in the line and establish rope tension.
  • a tensioning sheave 108 is provided in each of the haul rope return sides and can have a tensioning weight attached thereto. Crossing of downhill haul ropes to position the return side below the driving side facilitates the mounting of such a tensioning means to the haul ropes.
  • the drive bull wheels can be positioned at either the top or the bottom of the system shown in the drawing.
  • bull wheels 45 and 46 can be drive bull wheels at the bottom of the return course while bull wheels 33 and 34 are provided as drive bull wheels. It is also possible to have all of the bull wheels 38, 39, 45 and 46 as drive bull wheels, particularly when counterweight 108 is employed in the lines.
  • the location of the drive bull wheels at the top or the bottom of an inclined tramway assembly, or at either end of a horizontal assembly, is not regarded as a novel portion of the present tramway system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
EP88400772A 1987-03-30 1988-03-30 Schwebebahn-System und -Anlage mit parallelen Zugseilen Withdrawn EP0285516A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3192787A 1987-03-30 1987-03-30
US31927 1987-03-30
US07/157,588 US4848241A (en) 1987-03-30 1988-02-19 Aerial tramway system and method having parallel haul ropes
US157588 1993-11-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0285516A2 true EP0285516A2 (de) 1988-10-05
EP0285516A3 EP0285516A3 (de) 1989-03-22

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EP88400772A Withdrawn EP0285516A3 (de) 1987-03-30 1988-03-30 Schwebebahn-System und -Anlage mit parallelen Zugseilen

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638693A1 (fr) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-11 Creissels Denis Telepherique debrayable
EP0399919A1 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Denis Creissels Abkuppelbare Drahtseilbahn
US5575215A (en) * 1994-03-11 1996-11-19 Garaventa Holding Ag Bypass for the cars of a circuit cable railway system
CN112373492A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-19 娄底市同丰科技有限公司 一种矿用架空乘人装置牵引钢丝绳制动装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE646963A (de) * 1963-06-25 1964-08-17
DE1578029B1 (de) * 1965-04-05 1971-11-11 Nord Aviat Soc Nat De Const Ae Rohrfoermige Abschussvorrichtung fuer Geschosse,insbesondere fuer Lenkgeschosse
DE3048596A1 (de) * 1980-12-23 1982-07-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Panzerabwehrhandwaffe

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE336206C (de) * 1919-05-13 1921-04-28 Gregor Vosen Greiferscheibe fuer Kettenschleppbahnen
DE378140C (de) * 1922-04-22 1923-07-05 Eisengiesserei Mehrrillige Antriebsscheibe fuer Seil- oder Kettenbahnen
DE425994C (de) * 1924-10-26 1926-03-02 Otto Ohnesorge Dipl Ing Mehrscheibenantrieb mit Spannungsausgleich
FR2448464A1 (en) * 1979-02-07 1980-09-05 Creissels Denis Overhead cable transporter system - has two endless driven cables supporting trolley with duplicate system by side for sharing heavy loads

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE646963A (de) * 1963-06-25 1964-08-17
DE1578029B1 (de) * 1965-04-05 1971-11-11 Nord Aviat Soc Nat De Const Ae Rohrfoermige Abschussvorrichtung fuer Geschosse,insbesondere fuer Lenkgeschosse
DE3048596A1 (de) * 1980-12-23 1982-07-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Panzerabwehrhandwaffe

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638693A1 (fr) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-11 Creissels Denis Telepherique debrayable
EP0399919A1 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Denis Creissels Abkuppelbare Drahtseilbahn
FR2647406A1 (fr) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-30 Creissels Denis Telepherique debrayable
US5060576A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-10-29 Denis Creissels Detachable cable-car
US5575215A (en) * 1994-03-11 1996-11-19 Garaventa Holding Ag Bypass for the cars of a circuit cable railway system
CN112373492A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-02-19 娄底市同丰科技有限公司 一种矿用架空乘人装置牵引钢丝绳制动装置
CN112373492B (zh) * 2020-11-27 2023-11-03 江苏伟正电气科技有限公司 一种矿用架空乘人装置牵引钢丝绳制动装置

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Publication number Publication date
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