EP0284654B1 - Closing device - Google Patents
Closing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0284654B1 EP0284654B1 EP87116231A EP87116231A EP0284654B1 EP 0284654 B1 EP0284654 B1 EP 0284654B1 EP 87116231 A EP87116231 A EP 87116231A EP 87116231 A EP87116231 A EP 87116231A EP 0284654 B1 EP0284654 B1 EP 0284654B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- closing device
- drive
- conveying means
- door
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B77/00—Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
- E05B77/46—Locking several wings simultaneously
- E05B77/50—Locking several wings simultaneously by pneumatic or hydraulic means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a locking device with a pneumatic drive for z. B. a flap or door in particular on a motor vehicle.
- Lockable openings of a motor vehicle such as trunk or door openings
- Lockable openings of a motor vehicle are provided with highly elastic circumferential sealing elements which, in the closed state of the cover - hereinafter always called the door - bridge and seal the space between it and the frame in the body of the motor vehicle.
- Corresponding sealing elements compensate for changes in distance that occur during travel as a result of twisting of the body. It has proven useful to design the sealing elements to be tubular in order to keep the forces which occur during the deformation for the closure low. In the case of large openings with a corresponding circumferential length, considerable effort is required to close them.
- so-called locking aids have become known which pull the door firmly against its frame on the last part of the way. Such locking aids are preferably actuated pneumatically, for example by the negative pressure in the intake system of the engine or by means of a Suction pump. As a result of the maximum available pressure difference limited by the air pressure, the pneumatic drive of such a closing aid requires a large working area in order to be able to apply high closing forces.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a locking device in such a way that the pneumatic drive can be installed in a door of a motor vehicle even in confined spaces.
- Another object of the present invention is to design the locking device in such a way that it responds quickly and can be operated independently of a central vacuum generation system.
- the object is achieved in that the drive is connected to the output of a pneumatic conveyor, the input of which is connected to the interior of a tubular sealing element arranged between the door and its frame.
- the pneumatic drive for example a membrane box
- a pressurized fluid such as air
- negative pressure is generated in the interior of the sealing element.
- the simultaneous generation of negative pressure and positive pressure is carried out with a single conveying device such as a vane pump.
- a single conveying device such as a vane pump.
- a quick response of the locking device is made possible by the fact that a separate conveyor is assigned to each drive. In this way, short connection paths between the conveying device and the closing device on the one hand and between the sealing element and the conveying device on the other hand can be achieved. Additional control elements such as solenoid valves or the like are not required, since the sealing element assigned to the respective closing device is automatically evacuated during the closing process.
- the opening of the door is facilitated in that the conveying direction of the conveyor is reversible, so that the working surface of the drive is exposed to a lower pressure than atmospheric pressure, so that the closing device is moved in the opposite direction to the closing process.
- the occurrence of an overpressure in the sealing element during the opening process is prevented by the pneumatic conveying device being connected on the inlet side to an overpressure valve.
- the vacuum in the drive is compensated for by switching off the conveyor by means of a ventilation valve arranged on it.
- This ventilation valve is arranged approximately in the middle between the inlet and outlet on the housing of the conveying device, so that when the latter is at a standstill, it can ventilate all lines both after the closing and after the opening process.
- the conveying device on the inlet and outlet sides with a ventilation valve and on the inlet side with a pressure relief valve.
- This version allows the ventilation valves to be at different pressures To be set so that, despite the different volumes of the devices on the input or output side of the conveyor, defined pressures cannot be exceeded or fallen short of.
- An automatic mode of operation of the closing device is possible in that a closing element of the closing device actuated by the drive acts on an electrical switching element which controls the electric motor of the conveying device.
- the closing element can be actuated by hand into a first latch and thereby switch on the power supply to the motor of the conveying device.
- the closing element can actuate the electrical switching element in the opposite sense, so that the current flow is interrupted.
- the conveyor is only operated as long as is absolutely necessary to actuate the closing element.
- the system is ventilated using the aeration valves described above. Air flows into the Interior of the tubular sealing element, so that it rests elastically in the gap between the door and its frame.
- a central unit which monitors the functionality of the individual locking devices and limits the running time of the individual conveying devices via a switching device, for example a timer, the monitoring additionally depending temperature, voltage or pressure.
- FIG. 1 shows a locking device (10) which is arranged in a flap or door of a motor vehicle and which has a rotary bolt (14) which can be pivoted about an axis of rotation (12). This engages behind a bolt (16) with a surface (15) arranged spirally with respect to the axis of rotation (12), so that the Rotary bolt (14) pulls the bolt (16) during a rotary movement towards the axis of rotation (12).
- the rotary bolt (14) is connected via a coupling rod (18) to a pneumatic drive (20) which has a membrane (24) in a housing (22), the membrane (24) the housing (22) into a rear working chamber (26) and a front working chamber (28) divided.
- the coupling rod (18) is guided to the rotary latch (14) through the working chamber (28) on the front. If there is a higher pressure in the rear working chamber (26) than in the front working chamber (28), the coupling rod (18) is pressed out of the housing (20) and drawn into the housing under reverse pressure conditions.
- the rear working chamber (26) is connected via an outlet line (36) to an outlet (34) of a vane pump (30) to be referred to as a pneumatic conveying device.
- the vane pump (30) is operated by means of an electric motor (56).
- An input (32) of the vane pump is connected via an input line (38) to the interior (40) of a hollow profile seal (42).
- the vane pump rotates in a direction of rotation, for example clockwise, the medium located in the interior (40) of the seal (42) is sucked off and conveyed into the rear working chamber (26) of the drive (20). This means that a negative pressure is created in the interior (40) and an excess pressure in the working space (26).
- the seal (42) is compressed by the external air pressure so that it does not resist the closing flap or door.
- a force is exerted thereon and transmitted via the coupling rod to the rotary latch (14), which carries out a closing movement.
- the front working chamber (28) of the drive (20) is connected to the input line (38) via a connecting line (48), so that an additional pressure in the front working chamber (28) is lower than atmospheric pressure prevails.
- the coupling rod (18) is made gas-tight through the wall of the housing (22).
- the feed pump (30) is switched off and pressure equalization can take place between the inlet (32) and outlet (34). If, after the pressure equalization in the entire system, there is a lower than the external air pressure, air flows in via a ventilation valve (46) arranged on the feed pump (30).
- the feed pump (30) is operated in the opposite direction, for example counterclockwise, and in doing so conveys medium from the rear working chamber (26) into the inlet line (38).
- the creation of an overpressure in the inlet line (38) and in the interior (40) of the seal (42) is prevented by an overpressure valve (44) which allows the medium to escape to the atmosphere.
- An overpressure prevailing in the interior (40) of the seal (42) would only lead to an unnecessary force acting on the flap or on the door and thus unnecessarily complicate the movement of the rotary latch (14) during opening.
- the electric motor (56) of the feed pump (30) is controlled via a switch (50) which is actuated by the drive (20) by means of the rotary bolt (14).
- the switch (50) is arranged in such a way that when the flap or door is closed it is actuated manually by the rotary latch (14) into a first latching step and thereby closes an electrical contact which directly or via a control device supplies the motor ( 56) switches on.
- the switch (50) remains actuated by the rotary latch (14), which is designed in the form of a link so that it only allows the switch (50) to return to the idle state after the final position has been reached.
- the feed pump (30) is driven by the electric motor (56) only as long as is absolutely necessary to carry out the closing process.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment of a locking device according to the invention.
- the same reference numerals have been used for parts corresponding to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- the main difference is that both the inlet (32) of the feed pump (30) are connected to an inlet-side suction valve (52) and the outlet (34) is connected to an outlet-side suction valve (54).
- the input (32) is still connected to a pressure relief valve (44).
- the arrangement of two suction valves (52) and (54) has the advantage that they can be set to different pressure differences from the outside atmosphere, so that, for example, the reduced pressure on the inlet side can be limited to 0.5 bar.
- FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of a plurality of locking devices, which in principle are identical to one another, on different doors of a motor vehicle. All electric motors are controlled jointly by means of a central control unit (58), in addition to the respectively assigned switches (50).
- This central control unit (58) has a timer (66) which is influenced by a pressure sensor (60), a voltage sensor (62) or a temperature sensor (64) and itself controls a relay (68) which controls the power supply to the electric motors (56) is able to switch on or off. This prevents consequential damage from occurring if one of the locking devices, for whatever reason, should not function properly.
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- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schließvorrichtung mit pneumatischem Antrieb für z. B. eine Klappe oder Tür insbesondere an einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a locking device with a pneumatic drive for z. B. a flap or door in particular on a motor vehicle.
Verschließbare Öffnungen eines Kraftfahrzeuges wie Kofferraum-oder Türöffnungen sind mit hochelastischen umlaufenden Dichtungselementen versehen, welche im geschlossenen Zustand der Abdeckung -nachfolgend stets Türe genannt- den Zwischenraum zwischen dieser und dem Rahmen in der Karosserie des Kraftfahrzeuges überbrücken und abdichten.Lockable openings of a motor vehicle, such as trunk or door openings, are provided with highly elastic circumferential sealing elements which, in the closed state of the cover - hereinafter always called the door - bridge and seal the space between it and the frame in the body of the motor vehicle.
Entsprechende Dichtungselemente gleichen während der Fahrt infolge Verwindung der Karosserie auftretende Abstandsänderungen aus. Es hat sich bewährt, die Dichtungselemente schlauchförmig zu gestalten, um die beim Schließen zur Verformung auftretenden Kräfte gering zu halten. Bei großen Öffnungen mit einer entsprechenden Umfangslänge ist dennoch zum Schließen ein erheblicher Kraftaufwand erforderlich. Zur Unterstützung der Bedienungsperson sind sogenannte Schließhilfen bekannt geworden, welche die Türe auf dem letzten Stück des Weges fest an ihren Rahmen heranziehen. Derartige Schließhilfen werden vorzugsweise pneumatisch betätigt, beispielsweise durch den Unterdruck im Ansaugsystem des Motors oder mittels einer Saugpumpe. Infolge der durch den Luftdruck begrenzten maximalen zur Verfügung stehenden Druckdifferenz erfordert der pneumatische Antrieb einer derartigen Schließhilfe eine große Arbeitsfläche, um hohe Schließkräfte aufbringen zu können.Corresponding sealing elements compensate for changes in distance that occur during travel as a result of twisting of the body. It has proven useful to design the sealing elements to be tubular in order to keep the forces which occur during the deformation for the closure low. In the case of large openings with a corresponding circumferential length, considerable effort is required to close them. To assist the operator, so-called locking aids have become known which pull the door firmly against its frame on the last part of the way. Such locking aids are preferably actuated pneumatically, for example by the negative pressure in the intake system of the engine or by means of a Suction pump. As a result of the maximum available pressure difference limited by the air pressure, the pneumatic drive of such a closing aid requires a large working area in order to be able to apply high closing forces.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Schließvorrichtung so auszubilden, daß der pneumatische Antrieb auch bei beengten Platzverhältnissen zwangslos in eine Türe eines Kraftfahrzeuges einbaubar ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a locking device in such a way that the pneumatic drive can be installed in a door of a motor vehicle even in confined spaces.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die Schließvorrichtung so auszubilden, daß sie rasch anspricht und unabhängig von einer zentralen Unterdruckerzeugungsanlage betätigbar ist.Another object of the present invention is to design the locking device in such a way that it responds quickly and can be operated independently of a central vacuum generation system.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Antrieb mit dem Ausgang einer pneumatischen Fördereinrichtung verbunden ist, deren Eingang mit dem Innenraum eines zwischen der Türe und deren Rahmen angeordneten schlauchförmigen Dichtungselementes verbunden ist.The object is achieved in that the drive is connected to the output of a pneumatic conveyor, the input of which is connected to the interior of a tubular sealing element arranged between the door and its frame.
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Schließvorrichtung wird der pneumatische Antrieb, beispielsweise eine Membrandose, zur Betätigung mit einem unter Druck stehenden Fluid wie Luft beaufschlagt, während im Innenraum des Dichtungselementes Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Die gleichzeitige Erzeugung von Unterdruck und Überdruck erfolgt mit einer einzigen Fördereinrichtung wie Flügelzellenpumpe. Durch Anlegung von Unterdruck im Innenraum des Dichtungselementes nimmt die Dicke des Dichtungselementes ab, so daß dieses beim Herannahen der Türe dicht am Fahrzeugrahmen anliegt. Demzufolge muß keine Schließkraft zur elastischen Verformung des Dichtungselementes über die Türe eingeleitet werden. Entsprechend dem geringeren Kraftaufwand kann die Arbeitsfläche des pneumatischen Antriebs kleiner als bisher ausgelegt werden. Eine weitere Verkleinerung der Arbeitsfläche wird dadurch erreicht, daß diese mit einem unter Druck stehenden Medium beaufschlagt wird.In a locking device according to the invention, the pneumatic drive, for example a membrane box, is acted upon by actuation with a pressurized fluid such as air, while negative pressure is generated in the interior of the sealing element. The simultaneous generation of negative pressure and positive pressure is carried out with a single conveying device such as a vane pump. By applying negative pressure in the interior of the sealing element, the thickness of the sealing element decreases, so that it lies tightly against the vehicle frame when the door approaches. As a result, no closing force has to be introduced via the door for the elastic deformation of the sealing element. The working surface of the pneumatic drive can be adjusted in accordance with the lower effort can be designed smaller than before. A further reduction in the size of the work surface is achieved by applying a pressurized medium to it.
Ein rasches Ansprechen der Schließvorrichtung wird dadurch ermöglicht, daß jedem Antrieb eine gesonderte Fördereinrichtung zugeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise sind kurze Verbindungswege zwischen der Fördereinrichtung und der Schließvorrichtung einerseits sowie zwischen dem Dichtungselement und der Fördereinrichtung andererseits erzielbar. Zusätzliche Steuerelemente wie Magnetventile oder dergleichen sind nicht erforderlich, da beim Schließvorgang automatisch das der jeweiligen Schließvorrichtung zugeordnete Dichtungselement evakuiert wird.A quick response of the locking device is made possible by the fact that a separate conveyor is assigned to each drive. In this way, short connection paths between the conveying device and the closing device on the one hand and between the sealing element and the conveying device on the other hand can be achieved. Additional control elements such as solenoid valves or the like are not required, since the sealing element assigned to the respective closing device is automatically evacuated during the closing process.
Das Öffnen der Türe wird dadurch erleichtert, daß die Förderrichtung der Fördereinrichtung umkehrbar ist, so daß die Arbeitsfläche des Antriebes einem niedrigeren Druck als atmosphären Druck ausgesetzt ist, so daß die Schließvorrichtung in umgekehrter Richtung wie beim Schließvorgang bewegt wird.The opening of the door is facilitated in that the conveying direction of the conveyor is reversible, so that the working surface of the drive is exposed to a lower pressure than atmospheric pressure, so that the closing device is moved in the opposite direction to the closing process.
Die Entstehung eines Überdruckes im Dichtungselement während des Öffnungsvorganges wird dadurch verhindert, daß die pneumatische Fördervorrichtung eingangsseitig mit einem Überdruckventil verbunden ist. Der Unterdruck im Antrieb wird nach dem Abschalten der Fördereinrichtung durch ein an dieser angeordnetes Belüftungsventil ausgeglichen. Dieses Belüftungsventil ist in etwa mittig zwischen dem Eingang und Ausgang am Gehäuse der Fördereinrichtung angeordnet, so daß es bei Stillstand derselben sowohl nach dem Schließ- als auch nach dem Öffnungsvorgang sämtliche Leitungen zu belüften vermag.The occurrence of an overpressure in the sealing element during the opening process is prevented by the pneumatic conveying device being connected on the inlet side to an overpressure valve. The vacuum in the drive is compensated for by switching off the conveyor by means of a ventilation valve arranged on it. This ventilation valve is arranged approximately in the middle between the inlet and outlet on the housing of the conveying device, so that when the latter is at a standstill, it can ventilate all lines both after the closing and after the opening process.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es auch möglich, die Fördereinrichtung ein- und ausgangsseitig mit je einem Belüftungsventil und eingangsseitig mit einem Überdruckventil zu verbinden. Diese Ausführung ermöglicht es, die Belüftungsventile auf verschiedene Drucke einzustellen, so daß trotz der unterschiedlichen Volumina der Einrichtungen auf der Eingangs- bzw. Ausgangsseite der Fördereinrichtung definierte Drucke nicht unter- bzw. überschritten werden können.According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is also possible to connect the conveying device on the inlet and outlet sides with a ventilation valve and on the inlet side with a pressure relief valve. This version allows the ventilation valves to be at different pressures To be set so that, despite the different volumes of the devices on the input or output side of the conveyor, defined pressures cannot be exceeded or fallen short of.
Bei gleicher Baugröße des Antriebs der Schließvorrichtung kann dessen Arbeitskraft dadurch erhöht werden, daß der dem Arbeitsraum gegenüberliegende Raum mit dem Eingang der Fördereinrichtung verbunden wird, so daß an der Arbeitsfläche, beispielsweise einer Membran die volle Druckdifferenz zwischen Eingangs- und Ausgangsseite der Fördereinrichtung wirkt und nicht nur die Druckdifferenz zwischen Ausgangsseite der Fördereinrichtung und Atmosphäre.With the same size of the drive of the locking device, its manpower can be increased by connecting the space opposite the work space to the input of the conveyor, so that the full pressure difference between the input and output sides of the conveyor acts and not on the work surface, for example a membrane only the pressure difference between the output side of the conveyor and the atmosphere.
Es ist empfehlenswert, die Fördereinrichtung elektromotorisch anzutreiben, so daß in einfacher Weise durch Drehrichtungsumkehr die Förderrichtung zum Schließen bzw. Öffnen der Schließeinrichtung umkehrbar ist.It is recommended to drive the conveying device by means of an electric motor, so that the conveying direction for closing or opening the closing device can be reversed in a simple manner by reversing the direction of rotation.
Eine automatische Betriebsweise der Schließvorrichtung ist dadurch möglich, daß ein vom Antrieb betätigtes Schließelement der Schließvorrichtung auf ein elektrisches Schaltelement einwirkt, welches den Elektromotor der Fördereinrichtung steuert. Beispielsweise kann das Schließelement beim Schließen der Klappe bzw. Türe von Hand bis in eine erste Einrastung betätigt werden und dabei die Stromversorgung des Motors der Fördereinrichtung einschalten. Sobald das Schließelement seine Endstellung erreicht hat, kann es das elektrische Schaltelement im umgekehrten Sinne betätigen, so daß der Stromfluß unterbrochen wird. Das bedeutet, daß die Fördereinrichtung nur so lange betrieben wird, wie es unbedingt zur Betätigung des Schließelementes erforderlich ist. Unmittelbar nach Stillstand der Fördereinrichtung erfolgt die Belüftung des Systems über die oben beschriebenen Belüftungsventile. Dabei strömt Luft in den Innenraum des schlauchförmigen Dichtungselementes, so daß sich dieses elastisch anschmiegend in den Spalt zwischen der Türe und deren Rahmen legt.An automatic mode of operation of the closing device is possible in that a closing element of the closing device actuated by the drive acts on an electrical switching element which controls the electric motor of the conveying device. For example, when the flap or door is closed, the closing element can be actuated by hand into a first latch and thereby switch on the power supply to the motor of the conveying device. As soon as the closing element has reached its end position, it can actuate the electrical switching element in the opposite sense, so that the current flow is interrupted. This means that the conveyor is only operated as long as is absolutely necessary to actuate the closing element. Immediately after the conveyor has come to a standstill, the system is ventilated using the aeration valves described above. Air flows into the Interior of the tubular sealing element, so that it rests elastically in the gap between the door and its frame.
Sind in einem Kraftfahrzeug mehrere Schließvorrichtung an verschiedenen Türen vorhanden, so wird angeregt, diese von einer Zentraleinheit aus anzusteuern, welche die Funktionsfähigkeit der einzelnen Schließvorrichtungen überwacht und über eine Schaltvorrichtung, beispielsweise ein Zeitglied die Laufzeit der einzelnen Fördereinrichtungen begrenzt, wobei die Überwachung zusätzlich in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur, von der Spannung oder vom Druck erfolgen kann.If there are several locking devices on different doors in a motor vehicle, it is suggested to control them from a central unit, which monitors the functionality of the individual locking devices and limits the running time of the individual conveying devices via a switching device, for example a timer, the monitoring additionally depending temperature, voltage or pressure.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen -für sich und/oder in Kombination-, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - individually and / or in combination - but also from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Schließvorrichtung in schematischer Darstellung,
- Fig. 2
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in schematischer Darstellung und
- Fig. 3
- einen Schaltplan für mehrere in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnete erfindungsgemäße Schließvorrichtungen.
- Fig. 1
- a first embodiment of the locking device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
- Fig. 2
- a second embodiment of a device according to the invention in a schematic representation and
- Fig. 3
- a circuit diagram for a plurality of locking devices according to the invention arranged in a motor vehicle.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine in einer Klappe oder Türe eines Kraftfahrzeuges angeordnete Schließvorrichtung (10), welche einen um eine Drehachse (12) schwenkbaren Drehriegel (14) aufweist. Dieser hintergreift mit einer in bezug auf die Drehachse (12) spiralförmig angeordneten Fläche (15) einen Bolzen (16), so daß der Drehriegel (14) den Bolzen (16) während einer Drehbewegung zur Drehachse (12) hin zieht. Über eine Kuppelstange (18) ist der Drehriegel (14) mit einem pneumatischen Antrieb (20) verbunden, welcher in einem Gehäuse (22) eine Membran (24) aufweist, wobei die Membran (24) das Gehäuse (22) in eine rückseitige Arbeitskammer (26) und eine vorderseitige Arbeitskammer (28) unterteilt. Durch die vorderseitige Arbeitskammer (28) ist die Kuppelstange (18) zum Drehriegel (14) geführt. Wenn in der rückseitigen Arbeitskammer (26) ein höherer Druck als in der vorderseitigen Arbeitskammer (28) herrscht, so wird die Kuppelstange (18) aus dem Gehäuse (20) herausgedrückt und bei umgekehrten Druckverhältnissen in das Gehäuse hineingezogen.1 shows a locking device (10) which is arranged in a flap or door of a motor vehicle and which has a rotary bolt (14) which can be pivoted about an axis of rotation (12). This engages behind a bolt (16) with a surface (15) arranged spirally with respect to the axis of rotation (12), so that the Rotary bolt (14) pulls the bolt (16) during a rotary movement towards the axis of rotation (12). The rotary bolt (14) is connected via a coupling rod (18) to a pneumatic drive (20) which has a membrane (24) in a housing (22), the membrane (24) the housing (22) into a rear working chamber (26) and a front working chamber (28) divided. The coupling rod (18) is guided to the rotary latch (14) through the working chamber (28) on the front. If there is a higher pressure in the rear working chamber (26) than in the front working chamber (28), the coupling rod (18) is pressed out of the housing (20) and drawn into the housing under reverse pressure conditions.
Die rückseitige Arbeitskammer (26) ist über eine Ausgangsleitung (36) mit einem Ausgang (34) einer als pneumatische Fördereinrichtung zu bezeichnenden Flügelzellenpumpe (30) verbunden. Die Flügelzellenpumpe (30) wird mittels eines Elektromotors (56) betrieben. Ein Eingang (32) der Flügelzellenpumpe ist über eine Eingangsleitung (38) mit dem Inneraum (40) einer Hohlprofildichtung (42) verbunden. Bei Drehung der Flügelzellenpumpe in einer Drehrichtung beispielsweise im Uhrzeigersinn wird das im Innenraum (40) der Dichtung (42) befindliche Medium abgesaugt und in die rückwärtige Arbeitskammer (26) des Antriebes (20) gefördert. D. h., daß im Innenraum (40) ein Unterdruck und im Arbeitsraum (26) ein Überdruck entsteht. Infolgedessen wird die Dichtung (42) vom äußeren Luftdruck zusammengedrückt, so daß sie der sich schließenden Klappe bzw. Türe keinen Widerstand entgegensetzt. Gleichzeitig wird infolge des auf die Fläche der Membran (24) einwirkenden Überdruckes eine Kraft auf diese ausgeübt und über die Kuppelstange auf den Drehriegel (14) übertragen, welcher eine Schließbewegung durchführt. Zur Erhöhung der Membrankraft ist die vorderseitige Arbeitskammer (28) des Antriebs (20) über eine Verbindungsleitung (48) mit der Eingangsleitung (38) verbunden, so daß zusätzlich in der vorderseitigen Arbeitskammer (28) ein niedrigerer als Atmosphärendruck herrscht. Es versteht sich von selbst, daß die Durchführung der Kuppelstange (18) durch die Wand des Gehäuses (22) gasdicht ausgeführt ist.The rear working chamber (26) is connected via an outlet line (36) to an outlet (34) of a vane pump (30) to be referred to as a pneumatic conveying device. The vane pump (30) is operated by means of an electric motor (56). An input (32) of the vane pump is connected via an input line (38) to the interior (40) of a hollow profile seal (42). When the vane pump rotates in a direction of rotation, for example clockwise, the medium located in the interior (40) of the seal (42) is sucked off and conveyed into the rear working chamber (26) of the drive (20). This means that a negative pressure is created in the interior (40) and an excess pressure in the working space (26). As a result, the seal (42) is compressed by the external air pressure so that it does not resist the closing flap or door. At the same time, due to the overpressure acting on the surface of the membrane (24), a force is exerted thereon and transmitted via the coupling rod to the rotary latch (14), which carries out a closing movement. To increase the membrane force, the front working chamber (28) of the drive (20) is connected to the input line (38) via a connecting line (48), so that an additional pressure in the front working chamber (28) is lower than atmospheric pressure prevails. It goes without saying that the coupling rod (18) is made gas-tight through the wall of the housing (22).
Nach Vollendung des Schließvorganges wird die Förderpumpe (30) ausgeschaltet, und es kann ein Druckausgleich zwischen Eingang (32) und Ausgang (34) erfolgen. Sofern nach dem Druckausgleich im gesamten System ein niedrigerer als der äußere Luftdruck herrschen sollte, so strömt Luft über ein an der Förderpumpe (30) angeordnetes Belüftungsventil (46) ein.After the closing process has been completed, the feed pump (30) is switched off and pressure equalization can take place between the inlet (32) and outlet (34). If, after the pressure equalization in the entire system, there is a lower than the external air pressure, air flows in via a ventilation valve (46) arranged on the feed pump (30).
Zum Öffnen der Klappe bzw. Türe wird die Förderpumpe (30) in Gegenrichtung beispielsweise entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn betrieben und fördert dabei Medium aus der rückseitigen Arbeitskammer (26) in die Eingangsleitung (38). Die Entstehung eines Überdruckes in der Eingangsleitung (38) und im Innenraum (40) der Dichtung (42) wird durch ein Überdruckventil (44) verhindert, welches das Medium zur Atmosphäre hin austreten läßt. Ein im Innenraum (40) der Dichtung (42) herrschender Überdruck würde nur zu einer unnötigen Krafteinwirkung auf die Klappe bzw. auf die Türe führen und somit die Bewegung des Drehriegels (14) während des Öffnens unnötig erschweren.To open the flap or door, the feed pump (30) is operated in the opposite direction, for example counterclockwise, and in doing so conveys medium from the rear working chamber (26) into the inlet line (38). The creation of an overpressure in the inlet line (38) and in the interior (40) of the seal (42) is prevented by an overpressure valve (44) which allows the medium to escape to the atmosphere. An overpressure prevailing in the interior (40) of the seal (42) would only lead to an unnecessary force acting on the flap or on the door and thus unnecessarily complicate the movement of the rotary latch (14) during opening.
Die Steuerung des Elektromotors (56) der Förderpumpe (30) erfolgt über einen Schalter (50), welcher mittels des Drehriegels (14) vom Antrieb (20) betätigt wird. Der Schalter (50) ist so angeordnet, daß er beim Schließen der Klappe bzw. Türe von Hand bis in eine erste Raststufe vom Drehriegel (14) betätigt wird und dabei einen elektrischen Kontakt schließt, welcher direkt oder über eine Steuereinrichtung die Stromversorgung des Motors (56) einschaltet.The electric motor (56) of the feed pump (30) is controlled via a switch (50) which is actuated by the drive (20) by means of the rotary bolt (14). The switch (50) is arranged in such a way that when the flap or door is closed it is actuated manually by the rotary latch (14) into a first latching step and thereby closes an electrical contact which directly or via a control device supplies the motor ( 56) switches on.
Während des Schließvorganges bleibt der Schalter (50) von dem Drehriegel (14) betätigt, welcher kulissenförmig so ausgebildet ist, daß er erst nach Erreichen der Abschlußstellung eine Rückkehr des Schalters (50) in den Ruhezustand ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise wird die Förderpumpe (30) über den Elektromotor (56) nur so lange angetrieben, wie es unbedingt erforderlich ist, um den Schließvorgang durchzuführen.During the closing process, the switch (50) remains actuated by the rotary latch (14), which is designed in the form of a link so that it only allows the switch (50) to return to the idle state after the final position has been reached. On in this way, the feed pump (30) is driven by the electric motor (56) only as long as is absolutely necessary to carry out the closing process.
In Fig. 2 ist schematisch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schließvorrichtung dargestellt. Für mit dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel übereinstimmende Teile wurden gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet. Der wesentliche Unterschied besteht darin, daß sowohl der Eingang (32) der Förderpumpe (30) mit einem eingangsseitigen Ansaugventil (52) als auch der Ausgang (34) mit einem ausgangsseitigen Ansaugventil (54) verbunden sind. Der Eingang (32) steht weiterhin in Verbindung mit einem Überdruckventil (44). Die Anordnung zweier Ansaugventile (52) und (54) hat den Vorteil, daß diese auf unterschiedliche Druckdifferenzen gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre einstellbar sind, so daß beispielsweise der reduzierte Druck auf der Eingangsseite auf 0,5 bar begrenzt werden kann.2 schematically shows a second exemplary embodiment of a locking device according to the invention. The same reference numerals have been used for parts corresponding to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The main difference is that both the inlet (32) of the feed pump (30) are connected to an inlet-side suction valve (52) and the outlet (34) is connected to an outlet-side suction valve (54). The input (32) is still connected to a pressure relief valve (44). The arrangement of two suction valves (52) and (54) has the advantage that they can be set to different pressure differences from the outside atmosphere, so that, for example, the reduced pressure on the inlet side can be limited to 0.5 bar.
In Fig. 3 ist die Anordnung mehrerer untereinander prinzipiell gleicher Schließvorrichtungen an verschiedenen Türen eines Kraftfahrzeuges dargestellt. Die Steuerung sämtlicher Elektromotoren erfolgt außer über jeweils zugeordnete Schalter (50) gemeinsam mittels einer zentralen Steuereinheit (58). Diese zentrale Steuereinheit (58) weist ein Zeitglied (66) auf, welches über einen Drucksensor (60), einen Spannungssensor (62) oder einen Temperatursensor (64) beeinflußt wird und selbst ein Relais (68) ansteuert, welches die Stromversorgung zu den Elektromotoren (56) ein- bzw. auszuschalten in der Lage ist. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, daß Folgeschäden entstehen, falls eine der Schließvorrichtungen, aus welchen Gründen auch immer, nicht einwandfrei funktionieren sollte.3 shows the arrangement of a plurality of locking devices, which in principle are identical to one another, on different doors of a motor vehicle. All electric motors are controlled jointly by means of a central control unit (58), in addition to the respectively assigned switches (50). This central control unit (58) has a timer (66) which is influenced by a pressure sensor (60), a voltage sensor (62) or a temperature sensor (64) and itself controls a relay (68) which controls the power supply to the electric motors (56) is able to switch on or off. This prevents consequential damage from occurring if one of the locking devices, for whatever reason, should not function properly.
Claims (10)
- Closing device with a pneumatic drive, for example for a door on a motor vehicle in particular, characterised in that the drive (20) is connected to the outlet (34) of a pneumatic conveying means (30), the inlet (32) of which is connected to the interior (40) of a tubular sealing element (42) arranged between the door and its frame.
- Closing device according to Claim 1, characterised in that each drive (20) is assigned separate conveying means (30).
- Closing device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the conveying direction of the conveying means (30) is reversible.
- Closing device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the conveying means (30) has a ventilating valve (46) and is connected on the inlet side to a relief valve (44).
- Closing device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the conveying means (30) is connected respectively on the inlet and outlet sides to a ventilating valve (52) and (54) and on the inlet side to a relief valve (44).
- Closing device according to one of Claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the drive (20) is designed as a diaphragm cell (22) which on both sides of a diaphragm (24) has a rear working chamber (26) and a front working chamber (28).
- Closing device according to Claim 6, characterised in that the front working chamber (28) of the drive (20) is additionally connected to the inlet (48) of the conveying means (30).
- Closing device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the conveying means (30) designed as a reversible vane-cell pump is operated by means of an electric motor (56).
- Closing device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the drive (20) of the closing device (10) actuates an electrical switch element (50).
- Closing device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the electric motor (56) is connected to a central control unit (58).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873710347 DE3710347A1 (en) | 1987-03-28 | 1987-03-28 | LOCKING DEVICE |
| DE3710347 | 1987-03-28 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0284654A2 EP0284654A2 (en) | 1988-10-05 |
| EP0284654A3 EP0284654A3 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
| EP0284654B1 true EP0284654B1 (en) | 1991-08-21 |
Family
ID=6324266
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87116231A Expired - Lifetime EP0284654B1 (en) | 1987-03-28 | 1987-11-04 | Closing device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0284654B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3710347A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3917964A1 (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1990-12-06 | Daimler Benz Ag | METHOD FOR REMOVING CONDENSATE FROM A COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING IT OUT |
| US5003800A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1991-04-02 | Phelps-Tointon, Inc. | Door lock control system featuring a remote control for a pneumatically powered door lock mechanism |
| DE4002137A1 (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1991-08-01 | Vdo Schindling | FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE INTENDED, PNEUMATICALLY WORKING CENTRAL LOCKING SYSTEM |
| DE4006126A1 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1991-08-29 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vehicular door closure aid - has pneumatic pressure source connected by magnetic valves to working chambers of positioning devices vented on return to rest position |
| AU5706796A (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1997-10-29 | Jury Filippovich Nikitin | Locking and coding system and coding device therefor |
| DE10257065B4 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2016-06-02 | Magna Powertrain Hückeswagen GmbH | compressor |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3096112A (en) * | 1961-11-14 | 1963-07-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Coincidental door locking system |
| GB1080075A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1967-08-23 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Fastening and sealing devices |
| FR1533157A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1968-07-19 | Maille & Vagneux Ets | System conditioning the operation of doors with inflatable seals |
| DE3151010A1 (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Method of operating a pneumatic system preferably belonging to a central locking installation of a motor vehicle |
| DE3223016C2 (en) * | 1982-06-19 | 1986-08-14 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Pneumatic central locking system for the doors, flaps or the like of a motor vehicle |
-
1987
- 1987-03-28 DE DE19873710347 patent/DE3710347A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-11-04 EP EP87116231A patent/EP0284654B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-04 DE DE8787116231T patent/DE3772380D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0284654A3 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
| DE3772380D1 (en) | 1991-09-26 |
| DE3710347A1 (en) | 1988-10-06 |
| EP0284654A2 (en) | 1988-10-05 |
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