EP0274964B1 - Lost foam casting process for metal pieces - Google Patents
Lost foam casting process for metal pieces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0274964B1 EP0274964B1 EP87420309A EP87420309A EP0274964B1 EP 0274964 B1 EP0274964 B1 EP 0274964B1 EP 87420309 A EP87420309 A EP 87420309A EP 87420309 A EP87420309 A EP 87420309A EP 0274964 B1 EP0274964 B1 EP 0274964B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- metal
- pressure
- lost foam
- casting process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
- B22D27/13—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of gas pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lost foam molding process for metal parts, in particular aluminum and its alloys according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention therefore consists, after filling the mold with the molten metal, that is to say when the model has been completely destroyed by the metal and the vapors emitted have been evacuated, for example by using placing the mold under vacuum, and while the quantity of liquid is still slightly greater than the quantity of solid formed, putting the whole of the mold and the part under increasing isostatic pressure and not applying the chosen pressure directly.
- pressure is applied before solidification begins, that is, while the metal is still completely in the liquid state.
- This operation can be carried out using a sealed box in which the mold has been placed, said box being fitted with one or more pipes suitably distributed over its surface and connected to a source of pressurized gas.
- This box can moreover be used for the evacuation of the combustion vapors of the model by connection with a vacuum pump.
- the pressure necessary for the invention must preferably be between 0.5 and 1.5 MPa, since, for most parts, outside this range either the pressure is insufficient, or it is superfluous.
- the pressurization must be carried out as quickly as possible to avoid any development of solidification and preferably the maximum value applied must be reached in less than 15 seconds.
- the parts obtained are free from pitting and porosity following microretassuring.
- Cylindrical hollow bodies with an external diameter of 45 mm, a wall thickness of 4 mm, comprising adjacent ribs and bosses of 20 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 80 mm were molded according to the method of the invention, that is to say that applied inside the enclosure containing the mold and just before solidification begins, an isostatic gas pressure steadily increasing from atmospheric pressure to 1 MPa in 10 seconds.
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de moulage à mousse perdue de pièces métalliques, notamment en aluminium et en ses alliages selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a lost foam molding process for metal parts, in particular aluminum and its alloys according to the preamble of claim 1.
Il est connu de l'homme de l'art, principalement par l'enseignement de l'USP n° 3 157 924, d'utiliser pour le moulage des modèles en mousse de polystyrène plongés dans un moule constitué par du sable sec ne contenant aucun agent de liaison. Dans un tel procédé, le métal à mouler, qui a été préalablement fondu, est amené par l'intermédiaire de canaux traversant le sable au contact du modèle et se substitue progressivement à ce dernier en le brûlant et en le transformant en vapeurs qui s'échappent entre les grains de sable. Cette technique s'est avérée séduisante à l'échelle industrielle, parce qu'elle évite la fabrication préalable, par compactage et agglomération de matériaux réfractaires pulvérulents, de moules rigides associés de façon plus ou moins compliquée à des noyaux par l'intermédiaire de canaux, et qu'elle permet une récupération facile des pièces moulées ainsi qu'un recyclage aisé des matériaux de moulage.It is known to those skilled in the art, principally by the teaching of USP No. 3,157,924, to use for molding polystyrene foam models immersed in a mold formed by dry sand containing no liaison officer. In such a process, the metal to be molded, which has been previously melted, is brought through channels passing through the sand in contact with the model and gradually replaces the latter by burning it and transforming it into vapors which escape between the grains of sand. This technique has proven to be attractive on an industrial scale, because it avoids the prior manufacture, by compacting and agglomeration of powdery refractory materials, of rigid molds associated in a more or less complicated way with cores via channels. , and that it allows easy recovery of the molded parts as well as easy recycling of the molding materials.
Cependant, cette technique est handicapée par deux facteurs:
- - la relative lenteur de la solidification qui favorise la formation de piqûres de gazage
- - la relative faiblesse des gradients thermiques qui peut causer une microretassure si le tracé de la pièce en rend le masselottage difficile.
- - the relative slowness of solidification which favors the formation of gassing pits
- - the relative weakness of the thermal gradients which can cause micro-back-up if the layout of the part makes its weighting difficult.
Il est connu par le document FR-A 887 120 d'appliquer une pression sur un moule pour accélérer la solidification des pièces.It is known from document FR-A 887 120 to apply pressure to a mold to accelerate the solidification of the parts.
Toutefois, il s'agit de moules classiques à parois rigides ayant une résistance mécanique suffisante pour supporter ladite pression. Dans le cas de l'invention, lorsqu'on applique la pression de gaz sur le moule rempli de métal fondu, les grains de sable provoquent une perte de charge plus importante que le métal, de sorte qu'il en résulte un des équilibre transitoire de pression qui occasionne une poussée du métal à travers lesdits grains et une déformation de la pièce, phénomène qu'on désigne sous le nom d "abreuvage ".However, these are conventional molds with rigid walls having sufficient mechanical strength to withstand said pressure. In the case of the invention, when the gas pressure is applied to the mold filled with molten metal, the grains of sand cause a greater pressure drop than the metal, so that this results in a transient equilibrium pressure which causes a push of the metal through said grains and a deformation of the part, a phenomenon which is designated by the name of "watering".
C'est dans le but d'éviter cet inconvénient que la demanderesse a mis au point un procédé de moulage à mousse perdue, caractérisé en ce qu'après avoir rempli le moule avec le métal fondu et avant que la fraction solidifiée de métal dépasse 40% en poids, on applique sur le métal une pression gazeuse isostatique qui croît dans le temps jusqu'à une valeur choisie.It is in order to avoid this drawback that the Applicant has developed a lost foam molding process, characterized in that after having filled the mold with the molten metal and before the solidified fraction of metal exceeds 40 % by weight, an isostatic gas pressure is applied to the metal which increases over time to a chosen value.
L'invention consiste donc, après avoir rempli le moule avec le métal fondu, c'est-à-dire quand le modèle a été détruit complétement par le métal et que les vapeurs émises ont été évacuées, en s'aidant par exemple d'une mise sous dépression du moule, et alors que la quantité de liquide est encore légèrement supérieure à la quantité de solide formé, à mettre l'ensemble du moule et de la pièce sous une pression isostatique croissante et non à appliquer directement la pression choisie. Cependant, de préférence, la pression est appliquée avant que la solidification s'amorce, c'est-à-dire alors que le métal est encore complètement à l'état liquide. Cette opération peut être réalisée à l'aide d'un caisson étanche dans lequel a été placé le moule, ledit caisson étant équipé d'une ou plusieurs tubulures réparties convenablement sur sa surface et reliée à une source de gaz sous pression. Ce caisson peut d'ailleurs servir à l'évacuation des vapeurs de combustion du modèle par mise en liaison avec une pompe à vide.The invention therefore consists, after filling the mold with the molten metal, that is to say when the model has been completely destroyed by the metal and the vapors emitted have been evacuated, for example by using placing the mold under vacuum, and while the quantity of liquid is still slightly greater than the quantity of solid formed, putting the whole of the mold and the part under increasing isostatic pressure and not applying the chosen pressure directly. Preferably, however, pressure is applied before solidification begins, that is, while the metal is still completely in the liquid state. This operation can be carried out using a sealed box in which the mold has been placed, said box being fitted with one or more pipes suitably distributed over its surface and connected to a source of pressurized gas. This box can moreover be used for the evacuation of the combustion vapors of the model by connection with a vacuum pump.
La pression nécessaire à l'invention doit être de préférence comprise entre 0, 5 et 1, 5 MPa, car, pour la plupart des pièces, à l'extérieur de cette fourchette soit la pression est insuffisante, soit elle est superflue. La mise sous pression doit être effectuée le plus rapidement possible pour éviter tout développement de la solidification et de préférence la valeur maximum appliquée doit être atteinte en moins de 15 secondes.The pressure necessary for the invention must preferably be between 0.5 and 1.5 MPa, since, for most parts, outside this range either the pressure is insufficient, or it is superfluous. The pressurization must be carried out as quickly as possible to avoid any development of solidification and preferably the maximum value applied must be reached in less than 15 seconds.
Dans ces conditions, les pièces obtenues sont exemptes de piqûres et de porosité consécutives à une microretassure.Under these conditions, the parts obtained are free from pitting and porosity following microretassuring.
Il en résulte une augmentation de la compacité qui se traduit par une amélioration des caractéristiques mécaniques, notamment au niveau de la résistance.This results in an increase in compactness which results in an improvement in the mechanical characteristics, in particular in terms of resistance.
L'invention peut être illustrée à l'aide de l'exemple d'application suivant:The invention can be illustrated using the following example of application:
Des corps creux cylindriques de diamètre extérieur 45 mm, d'épaisseur de paroi 4 mm, comportant des nervures adjacentes et des bossages de 20x20x80 mm ont été moulés suivant le procédé de l'invention, c'est-à-dire qu'on a appliqué à l'intérieur de l'enceinte contenant le moule et juste avant que la solidification s'amorce, une pression de gaz isostatique croissant régulièrement de la pression atmosphérique à 1 MPa en 10 secondes.Cylindrical hollow bodies with an external diameter of 45 mm, a wall thickness of 4 mm, comprising adjacent ribs and bosses of 20 × 20 × 80 mm were molded according to the method of the invention, that is to say that applied inside the enclosure containing the mold and just before solidification begins, an isostatic gas pressure steadily increasing from atmospheric pressure to 1 MPa in 10 seconds.
Ces corps ont été réalisés à partir de deux types d'alliages à hautes caractéristiques mécaniques:
- - l'A-S7G03 de composition en poids % Fe0,20; Si6,5-7,5; Cu0,10; Zn0,10; Mg0,25-0,40; Mn0,10; Ni0,05; Pb0,05; Sn0,05; TiO,05-0,20,alliage modifié au sodium;
- - LA-U5GT de composition: Fe0,35; Si0,20; Cu4,20-5,00; Zn0,10; Mg0,15-0,35; Mn0,10; Ni0,05; Pb0,05; SnO,05;TiO,05-0,30.
- - A-S7G03 of composition by weight% Fe0.20; Si 6.5-7.5; Cu0.10; Zn0.10; Mg0.25-0.40; Mn0.10; Ni0.05; Pb0.05; Sn0.05; TiO, 05-0.20, sodium modified alloy;
- - LA-U5GT of composition: Fe0.35; Si0.20; Cu 4.20-5.00; Zn0.10; Mg 0.15-0.35; Mn0.10; Ni0.05; Pb0.05; SnO, 05; TiO, 05-0.30.
Les essais mécaniques effectués sur lesdits corps après des traitements thermiques normalisés Y23 pour l'A-S7G03 et Y24 pour l'A-U5GT ont permis de mesurer les caractéristiques suivantes:
- - Dans l'A-S7G03, l'indice de qualité Q en MPa qui correspond à la formule Q = R + 150 log A où R est la résistance en MPa et A l'allongement en % et ce, à la fois sur les zones épaisses et minces des pièces.
- - Dans l'AU5GT, les limites élastiques LE en MPa, la résistance R en MPa et l'allongement A en % et ce, également à la fois sur les zones épaisses et minces.
- - In A-S7G03, the quality index Q in MPa which corresponds to the formula Q = R + 150 log A where R is the resistance in MPa and A the elongation in% and this, both on the thick and thin areas of parts.
- - In the AU5GT, the elastic limits LE in MPa, the resistance R in MPa and the elongation A in% and this, also on both thick and thin areas.
Les résultats figurent dans le tableau suivant :
On constate donc une amélioration des caractéristiques mécaniques résultant directement de l'augmentation de la compacité.There is therefore an improvement in the mechanical characteristics resulting directly from the increase in compactness.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8616415 | 1986-11-17 | ||
FR8616415A FR2606688B1 (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1986-11-17 | LOSS FOAM MOLDING PROCESS FOR METAL PARTS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0274964A1 EP0274964A1 (en) | 1988-07-20 |
EP0274964B1 true EP0274964B1 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
Family
ID=9341190
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87420309A Expired - Lifetime EP0274964B1 (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1987-11-16 | Lost foam casting process for metal pieces |
Country Status (21)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5058653A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0274964B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0669608B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR910001179B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE53180T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU592905B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8706146A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1322098C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3762952D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK600287A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2015320B3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI875060A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2606688B1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3001011T3 (en) |
IE (1) | IE59096B1 (en) |
IS (1) | IS1521B (en) |
MX (1) | MX168448B (en) |
NO (1) | NO167715C (en) |
PT (1) | PT86142B (en) |
SU (1) | SU1757448A3 (en) |
UA (1) | UA5993A1 (en) |
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US6640877B2 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 2003-11-04 | Howmet Research Corporation | Investment casting with improved melt filling |
US6019158A (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2000-02-01 | Howmet Research Corporation | Investment casting using pour cup reservoir with inverted melt feed gate |
US6070644A (en) * | 1998-05-14 | 2000-06-06 | Howmet Research Corporation | Investment casting using pressure cap sealable on gas permeable investment mold |
US6453979B1 (en) | 1998-05-14 | 2002-09-24 | Howmet Research Corporation | Investment casting using melt reservoir loop |
DE19939828C1 (en) * | 1999-08-21 | 2000-11-02 | Albert Handtmann Metallguswerk | Foamed foundry pattern, especially a lost pattern tree for aluminum casting, is produced by adhesive bonding or welding of a frangible separation element between foamed runner and ingate components |
DE19945547A1 (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2001-04-05 | Albert Handtmann Metallguswerk | Process for full mold casting comprises directly applying gas pressure while filling a casting funnel/casting basin with liquid metal and closing the casting container |
US6969417B2 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2005-11-29 | Hydrogen Energy America, Llc | Catalytic alloy for the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen and method of making |
ITTO20010287A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-09-27 | Teksid Spa | CASTING EQUIPMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METALLIC CASTINGS USING "LOST-FOAM" TECHNOLOGY. |
US6763876B1 (en) | 2001-04-26 | 2004-07-20 | Brunswick Corporation | Method and apparatus for casting of metal articles using external pressure |
US6883580B1 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2005-04-26 | Brunswick Corporation | Apparatus and improved method for lost foam casting of metal articles using external pressure |
US7100669B1 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2006-09-05 | Brunswick Corporation | Aluminum-silicon casting alloy having refined primary silicon due to pressure |
US7494554B1 (en) | 2003-05-07 | 2009-02-24 | Brunswick Corporation | Method for continuous manufacturing of cast articles utilizing one or more fluidized beds for heat treating and aging purposes |
US6957685B1 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2005-10-25 | Brunswick Corporation | Method of cleaning and of heat treating lost foam castings |
CN102380608A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏金鑫电器有限公司 | Aluminum alloy casting method |
CN101934351B (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-04-25 | 湘潭高耐合金制造有限公司 | Process for manufacturing oil pressure water tank of concrete delivery pump |
CN102198488A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-09-28 | 滁州金诺实业有限公司 | Method for manufacturing casting blank of refrigerator inner container die by using lost foam casting process |
CN102343417A (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2012-02-08 | 滁州金诺实业有限公司 | Water channel pre-filling method used during lost foam casting of engine cylinder body |
CN102806312A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-05 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Production method of aluminum alloy casting |
CN102873308A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-16 | 西安交通大学 | Method for lost foam casting of composite two-liquor bimetallic hammerhead of crusher |
CN103894545A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 龙工(福建)铸锻有限公司 | Lost foam casting technology of casting with flat, inflected, and deep blind hole |
US11047032B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2021-06-29 | Brunswick Corporation | Method for solution heat treating with pressure |
CN103567385A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-12 | 江苏江旭铸造集团有限公司 | Hardening agent for lost foam casting |
CN103962505B (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2016-01-20 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 | A kind of vacuum negative pressure cast technique that can ensure collars castability |
CN104338900B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-05-04 | 河北瑞欧消失模科技有限公司 | The electric control method of separate type Lost Form Casting Production Line |
CN104353781A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-18 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Lost foam casting process of low-alloy cast steel wheel for port machinery |
US20160158837A1 (en) * | 2014-12-06 | 2016-06-09 | Soliden, LLC | Sand casting device and associated method with improved mechanical properties |
CN104525847A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-22 | 南京优耐特精密机械制造有限公司 | Shell hardening agent |
CN105344940B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-12-05 | 兴化市雅兰机械制造有限公司 | Motor casing lost foam casting process |
CN106077483A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽兴达动力机械有限公司 | A kind of multi-cylinder diesel engine cylinder body casting mould and casting technique thereof |
CN106734879B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-12-04 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of lost foam casting moulding process of waste incineration reciprocating grate bar |
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-
1986
- 1986-11-17 FR FR8616415A patent/FR2606688B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-11-13 JP JP62287177A patent/JPH0669608B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-13 KR KR1019870012849A patent/KR910001179B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-13 IE IE306287A patent/IE59096B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-16 PT PT86142A patent/PT86142B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-11-16 UA UA4203752A patent/UA5993A1/en unknown
- 1987-11-16 AT AT87420309T patent/ATE53180T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-16 AU AU81240/87A patent/AU592905B2/en not_active Expired
- 1987-11-16 DK DK600287A patent/DK600287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-11-16 EP EP87420309A patent/EP0274964B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-16 FI FI875060A patent/FI875060A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-11-16 MX MX009360A patent/MX168448B/en unknown
- 1987-11-16 DE DE8787420309T patent/DE3762952D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-16 NO NO874769A patent/NO167715C/en unknown
- 1987-11-16 SU SU4203752A patent/SU1757448A3/en active
- 1987-11-16 IS IS3282A patent/IS1521B/en unknown
- 1987-11-16 BR BR8706146A patent/BR8706146A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-11-16 ES ES87420309T patent/ES2015320B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-16 CA CA000551918A patent/CA1322098C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-31 GR GR90400047T patent/GR3001011T3/en unknown
- 1990-07-10 US US07/550,499 patent/US5058653A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO874769D0 (en) | 1987-11-16 |
KR910001179B1 (en) | 1991-02-25 |
DE3762952D1 (en) | 1990-07-05 |
FI875060A0 (en) | 1987-11-16 |
IE59096B1 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
KR880005976A (en) | 1988-07-21 |
CA1322098C (en) | 1993-09-14 |
NO874769L (en) | 1988-05-18 |
NO167715B (en) | 1991-08-26 |
FR2606688B1 (en) | 1989-09-08 |
DK600287A (en) | 1988-05-18 |
PT86142A (en) | 1988-12-15 |
IS1521B (en) | 1992-12-15 |
AU592905B2 (en) | 1990-01-25 |
JPH0669608B2 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
FR2606688A1 (en) | 1988-05-20 |
DK600287D0 (en) | 1987-11-16 |
NO167715C (en) | 1991-12-04 |
IS3282A7 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
MX168448B (en) | 1993-05-25 |
GR3001011T3 (en) | 1991-12-30 |
ES2015320B3 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
FI875060A (en) | 1988-05-18 |
US5058653A (en) | 1991-10-22 |
PT86142B (en) | 1993-08-31 |
JPS63137564A (en) | 1988-06-09 |
IE873062L (en) | 1988-05-17 |
EP0274964A1 (en) | 1988-07-20 |
AU8124087A (en) | 1988-10-06 |
UA5993A1 (en) | 1994-12-29 |
BR8706146A (en) | 1988-06-21 |
ATE53180T1 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
SU1757448A3 (en) | 1992-08-23 |
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