EP0268804B1 - Electrical switch disposition - Google Patents

Electrical switch disposition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0268804B1
EP0268804B1 EP19870115030 EP87115030A EP0268804B1 EP 0268804 B1 EP0268804 B1 EP 0268804B1 EP 19870115030 EP19870115030 EP 19870115030 EP 87115030 A EP87115030 A EP 87115030A EP 0268804 B1 EP0268804 B1 EP 0268804B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
branch
short
switching arrangement
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870115030
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0268804A1 (en
Inventor
Alec Taylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0268804A1 publication Critical patent/EP0268804A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0268804B1 publication Critical patent/EP0268804B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switching arrangement according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a switching arrangement is known from DE-A1-32 46 285.
  • the anchor is operated by a slide.
  • the magnetic flux is generated by a permanent magnet arranged between one leg of the element and the ferromagnetic armature.
  • two permanent magnets are provided to increase the magnetic flux, each of which abuts the same leg of the element.
  • a magnet system is known from DE-A1-1 037 593, the position of which can be switched by controlling a coil.
  • An anchor is held in two end positions by two permanent magnets.
  • An electrical coil is arranged on the permanent magnets. When the current flows through the coil in a certain direction, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is changed so that the position of the armature also changes.
  • This arrangement contains a considerable number of individual parts and is therefore complex to manufacture. In addition, the arrangement is relatively voluminous.
  • the object of the present invention is to implement a switching arrangement of the type mentioned in the introduction such that a high magnetic holding force of the armature is achieved in the end positions with a compact construction of the switching arrangement.
  • the armature has a conical first end with a protruding first socket, the conical end abutting a corresponding conical socket inserted into a leg of the element in an end position of the armature, and the socket being in mechanical contact with the switch is.
  • the anchor can advantageously have a second end with a protruding second connecting piece, the second connecting piece resting in one end position on one leg of the element.
  • the electrical switching arrangement is formed from an L-shaped element with the long leg 1a and the short leg 1b and a further long leg 1e, which bears against the leg 1a, a parallel long leg 1d and a leg 1e and 1d connecting, im Leg 1c arranged essentially parallel to leg 1b.
  • a ferromagnetic armature 3 is arranged to be movable within a tube 6 in the longitudinal direction between the legs 1b and 1c.
  • a first permanent magnet 2a is arranged between the leg 1a and the tube 6 and a second permanent magnet is arranged between the leg 1d and the tube 6. In both permanent magnets 2a and 2b, the same pole points to the tube 6.
  • the part of the tube 6 that is not surrounded by the permanent magnets 2a, 2b is surrounded by an electrical coil 4.
  • the armature 3 is conical at its lower end and has a conical connection piece 3b and 3c at its upper and at its lower conical end.
  • the second short leg 1c is provided with an inserted ferromagnetic bushing 6 which has a conical bore which corresponds to the shape of the conical end 3a of the armature 3.
  • the connector 3b is in contact with an electrical switch 5.
  • the electrical switch 5 contains a resilient U-shaped element 5c which is provided with an electrical contact 5a which cooperates with a fixed contact 5b.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the electrical switching unit with the switch 5 in the open position.
  • the armature 3 is held by a force which is generated by the magnetic flux through the permanent magnets 2a and 2b, the legs 1a, 1e, 1d and 1c, the inserted socket 1f and the armature 3.
  • the magnetic force is relatively large due to the large contact area between the conical end 3a and the socket 1f.
  • Both permanent magnets 2a and 2b are effective to hold the armature against the force of the resilient element 5c.
  • the coil 4 is driven by a current which generates a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux caused by the permanent magnets 2a, 2b.
  • the armature 3 moves upwards until the connector 3c comes into contact with the leg 1b.
  • the current can be switched off because the armature 3 is generated by the magnetic generated by the permanent magnet 2a via the legs 1a, 1b, the connector 3c and the armature 3 Force is held.
  • the magnetic holding force of the armature 3 is lower than in the open position of the switch 5, since only a permanent magnet 2a contributes to this force and the contact area between the socket 3c and the leg 1b is relatively small. This lower holding force is desirable since the armature 3 does not have to act against the force of the resilient element 5 in this position.
  • the switching arrangement according to the invention has a very compact design. In both end positions of the switch 5, no control current is necessary.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Schaltanordnung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an electrical switching arrangement according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine derartige Schaltanordnung ist aus der DE-A1-32 46 285 bekannt. Dabei wird der Schalter vom Anker über einen Schieber betätigt. Der magnetische Fluß wird durch einen zwischen einem Schenkel des Elementes und dem ferromagnetischen Anker angeordneten Permanentmagneten erzeugt. In einer Ausführungsform sind zur Erhöhung des magnetischen Flusses zwei Permanentmagnete vorgesehen, die jeweils am selben Schenkel des Elementes anliegen. Damit Geht jedoch Wickelraum für die Spule verloren bzw. muß die Schaltanordnung bei gleichbleibenden Spulendimensionen verlängert werden.Such a switching arrangement is known from DE-A1-32 46 285. The anchor is operated by a slide. The magnetic flux is generated by a permanent magnet arranged between one leg of the element and the ferromagnetic armature. In one embodiment, two permanent magnets are provided to increase the magnetic flux, each of which abuts the same leg of the element. However, this means that winding space for the coil is lost or the switching arrangement must be extended while the coil dimensions remain the same.

Aus der DE-A1-1 037 593 ist ein Magnetsystem bekannt, dessen Position durch Ansteuerung einer Spule umgeschaltet werden kann. Ein Anker wird in zwei Endstellungen durch zwei Permanentmagnete gehalten. An den Permanentmagneten ist eine elektrische Spule angeordnet. Wenn der Strom durch die Spule in einer bestimmten Richtung fließt, wird das Magnetfeld des Permanentmagneten geändert, so daß auch die Position des Ankers wechselt. Diese Anordnung enthält eine erhebliche Anzahl von Einzelteilen und ist daher aufwendig herzustellen. Außerdem ist die Anordnung verhältnismäßig voluminös.A magnet system is known from DE-A1-1 037 593, the position of which can be switched by controlling a coil. An anchor is held in two end positions by two permanent magnets. An electrical coil is arranged on the permanent magnets. When the current flows through the coil in a certain direction, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is changed so that the position of the armature also changes. This arrangement contains a considerable number of individual parts and is therefore complex to manufacture. In addition, the arrangement is relatively voluminous.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Schaltanordnung der eingangs genannten Art so auszuführen, daß eine hohe magnetische Haltekraft des Ankers in den Endstellungen bei kompakten Aufbau der Schaltanordnung erzielt wird.The object of the present invention is to implement a switching arrangement of the type mentioned in the introduction such that a high magnetic holding force of the armature is achieved in the end positions with a compact construction of the switching arrangement.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Erfindung gelöst. Durch den zweiten Permanentmagneten wird der magnetische Fluß und damit die Haltekraft des Ankers in der Endposition erhöht, ohne daß ein zusätzlicher Raumbedarf entsteht.This object is achieved by the invention characterized in claim 1. Through the second permanent magnet the magnetic flux and thus the holding force of the armature is increased in the end position without requiring additional space.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist der Anker ein konisches erstes Ende mit einem vorstehenden ersten Stutzen auf, wobei in einer Endstellung des Ankers das konische Ende an einer entsprechenden konischen, in einen Schenkel des Elementes eingesetzten Buchse anliegt und wobei der Stutzen im mechanischen Kontakt mit dem Schalter ist.In an advantageous embodiment, the armature has a conical first end with a protruding first socket, the conical end abutting a corresponding conical socket inserted into a leg of the element in an end position of the armature, and the socket being in mechanical contact with the switch is.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Anker ein zweites Ende mit einem vorstehenden zweiten Stutzen aufweisen, wobei der zweite Stutzen in einer Endposition an einem Schenkel des Elementes anliegt.The anchor can advantageously have a second end with a protruding second connecting piece, the second connecting piece resting in one end position on one leg of the element.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
die Schaltanordnung in Draufsicht, und
Fig. 2
die Schaltanordnung in Schnittdarstellung.
1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the invention. It shows
Fig. 1
the switching arrangement in plan view, and
Fig. 2
the switching arrangement in a sectional view.

Die elektrische Schaltanordnung ist gebildet aus einem L-förmigen Element mit dem langen Schenkel 1a und dem kurzen Schenkel 1b sowie einem weiteren langen Schenkel 1e, der am Schenkel 1a anliegt, einem dazu parallelen langen Schenkel 1d sowie einem die Schenkel 1e und 1d verbindenden, im wesentlichen parallel zum Schenkel 1b angeordneten Schenkel 1c.The electrical switching arrangement is formed from an L-shaped element with the long leg 1a and the short leg 1b and a further long leg 1e, which bears against the leg 1a, a parallel long leg 1d and a leg 1e and 1d connecting, im Leg 1c arranged essentially parallel to leg 1b.

Ein ferromagnetischer Anker 3 ist innerhalb eines Rohrs 6 in Längsrichtung zwischen den Schenkeln 1b und 1c beweglich angeordnet. Ein erster Permanentmagnet 2a ist zwischen dem Schenkel 1a und dem Rohr 6 und ein zweiter Permanentmagnet ist zwischen dem Schenkel 1d und dem Rohr 6 angeordnet. Bei beiden Permanentmagneten 2a und 2b weist jeweils derselbe Pol zum Rohr 6.A ferromagnetic armature 3 is arranged to be movable within a tube 6 in the longitudinal direction between the legs 1b and 1c. A first permanent magnet 2a is arranged between the leg 1a and the tube 6 and a second permanent magnet is arranged between the leg 1d and the tube 6. In both permanent magnets 2a and 2b, the same pole points to the tube 6.

Der Teil des Rohrs 6, der nicht von den Permanentmagneten 2a, 2b umgeben ist, ist von einer elektrischen Spule 4 umgeben.The part of the tube 6 that is not surrounded by the permanent magnets 2a, 2b is surrounded by an electrical coil 4.

Der Anker 3 ist an seinem unteren Ende konisch ausgeführt und besitzt an seinem oberen und an seinem unteren konischen Ende je einen konischen Stutzen 3b und 3c. Der zweite kurze Schenkel 1c ist mit einer eingesetzten ferromagnetischen Buchse 6 versehen, die eine konische Bohrung aufweist, die der Form des konischen Endes 3a des Ankers 3 entspricht.The armature 3 is conical at its lower end and has a conical connection piece 3b and 3c at its upper and at its lower conical end. The second short leg 1c is provided with an inserted ferromagnetic bushing 6 which has a conical bore which corresponds to the shape of the conical end 3a of the armature 3.

Der Stutzen 3b steht in Kontakt mit einem elektrischen Schalter 5. Der elektrische Schalter 5 enthält ein federndes U-förmiges Element 5c, das mit einem elektrischen Kontakt 5a versehen ist, der mit einem feststehenden Kontakt 5b zusammen-arbeitet.The connector 3b is in contact with an electrical switch 5. The electrical switch 5 contains a resilient U-shaped element 5c which is provided with an electrical contact 5a which cooperates with a fixed contact 5b.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen die elektrische Schalteinheit mit dem Schalter 5 in der offenen Stellung. In dieser Stellung wird der Anker 3 durch eine Kraft gehalten, die durch den magnetischen Fluß durch die Permanentmagneten 2a und 2b, die Schenkel 1a, 1e, 1d und 1c, die eingesetzte Buchse 1f und den Anker 3 erzeugt wird. In dieser Position ist die magnetische Kraft aufgrund der großen Kontaktfläche zwischen dem konischen Ende 3a und der Buchse 1f verhältnismäßig groß. Beide Permanentmagnete 2a und 2b sind wirksam, um den Anker gegen die Kraft des federnden Elementes 5c zu halten.1 and 2 show the electrical switching unit with the switch 5 in the open position. In this position, the armature 3 is held by a force which is generated by the magnetic flux through the permanent magnets 2a and 2b, the legs 1a, 1e, 1d and 1c, the inserted socket 1f and the armature 3. In this position, the magnetic force is relatively large due to the large contact area between the conical end 3a and the socket 1f. Both permanent magnets 2a and 2b are effective to hold the armature against the force of the resilient element 5c.

Um die Position des Schalter 5 zu ändern, wird die Spule 4 durch einen Strom angesteuert, der einen magnetischen Fluß in Gegenrichtung zu dem durch die Permanentmagnete 2a, 2b verursachten magnetischen Fluß erzeugt. Der Anker 3 bewegt sich nach oben, bis der Stutzen 3c mit dem Schenkel 1b in Kontakt kommt.In order to change the position of the switch 5, the coil 4 is driven by a current which generates a magnetic flux in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux caused by the permanent magnets 2a, 2b. The armature 3 moves upwards until the connector 3c comes into contact with the leg 1b.

In dieser Position kann der Strom ausgeschaltet werden, da der Anker 3 durch den vom Permanentmagneten 2a über die Schenkel 1a, 1b, den Stutzen 3c und den Anker 3 erzeugte magnetische Kraft gehalten wird. In dieser Position ist die magnetische Haltekraft des Ankers 3 geringer als in der offenen Position des Schalters 5, da nur ein Permanentmagnet 2a zu dieser Kraft beiträgt und die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Stutzen 3c und dem Schenkel 1b relativ klein ist. Diese geringere Haltekraft ist erwünscht, da der Anker 3 in dieser Stellung nicht gegen die Kraft des federnden Elementes 5 wirken muß.In this position, the current can be switched off because the armature 3 is generated by the magnetic generated by the permanent magnet 2a via the legs 1a, 1b, the connector 3c and the armature 3 Force is held. In this position, the magnetic holding force of the armature 3 is lower than in the open position of the switch 5, since only a permanent magnet 2a contributes to this force and the contact area between the socket 3c and the leg 1b is relatively small. This lower holding force is desirable since the armature 3 does not have to act against the force of the resilient element 5 in this position.

Um die Schaltposition wieder zu ändern, wird ein Strom in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch die Spule 4 geschickt.In order to change the switching position again, a current is sent through the coil 4 in the opposite direction.

Aufgrund der Anordnung der Spule 4 und der Permanentmagnete 2a und 2b zwischen den Schenkeln 1e und 1d sowie dem Anker 3 weist die erfindungsgemäße Schaltanordnung eine sehr kompakte Bauform auf. In beiden Endstellungen des Schalters 5 ist kein Steuerstrom notwendig.Due to the arrangement of the coil 4 and the permanent magnets 2a and 2b between the legs 1e and 1d and the armature 3, the switching arrangement according to the invention has a very compact design. In both end positions of the switch 5, no control current is necessary.

Claims (3)

  1. Electrical switching arrangement having a ferromagnetic element (1) which is formed by a first branch (1a) and a second short branch (1b) as well as a third short branch (1c) which extends substantially parallel to the second short branch (1b) located opposite, a permanent magnet (2a) which generates a magnetic flux in this element (1a, 1b, 1c), a ferromagnetic armature (3) which can be moved in its longitudinal direction between the two short branches (1b, 1c) and perpendicularly to the surfaces formed by these branches, having an electrical coil (4) surrounding the armature (3), which coil (4) is connected to a drive unit and influences the magnetic flux so that the position of the armature (3) can be altered by reversing the direction of current in the electrical coil (4), and having a switch (5) which is actuated by the armature (3), characterised in that the element (1a, 1b, 1c) has a fourth branch (1d) at the end of one of the short branches (1a, 1b) and parallel to the first branch (1a), and in that, between the fourth branch (1d) and the armature (3), there is arranged a second permanent magnet (2b).
  2. Electrical switching arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the armature (3) has a conical first end (3a) having a projecting first connection piece (3b), with the conical end (3a), in an end position of the armature (3), bearing against a corresponding conical sleeve (1f) inserted in the short branch (1c) on the switch side, and with the connection piece (3b) being in mechanical contact with the switch (5).
  3. Electrical switching arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the armature (3) has a second end having a projecting second connection piece (3c), with the second connection piece (3c), in an end position, bearing against the branch (1b) located opposite the branch on the switch side.
EP19870115030 1986-10-28 1987-10-14 Electrical switch disposition Expired - Lifetime EP0268804B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB868625724A GB8625724D0 (en) 1986-10-28 1986-10-28 Electric switching arrangement
GB8625724 1986-10-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0268804A1 EP0268804A1 (en) 1988-06-01
EP0268804B1 true EP0268804B1 (en) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=10606408

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870115030 Expired - Lifetime EP0268804B1 (en) 1986-10-28 1987-10-14 Electrical switch disposition

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EP (1) EP0268804B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3775529D1 (en)
GB (1) GB8625724D0 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19709089A1 (en) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-10 Abb Patent Gmbh Permanent magnet drive for switch esp. vacuum circuit breaker
FR2871617B1 (en) * 2004-06-15 2007-02-16 Daniel Lucas BISTABLE ACTUATOR, CIRCUIT BREAKER COMPRISING THE ACTUATOR AND SAFETY DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH SAID CIRCUIT BREAKER

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683239A (en) * 1971-06-17 1972-08-08 Oded E Sturman Self-latching solenoid actuator
DE3246285A1 (en) * 1982-12-14 1984-06-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Electromagnetic relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3775529D1 (en) 1992-02-06
GB8625724D0 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0268804A1 (en) 1988-06-01

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