EP0256422B1 - Laser-markable electrical cable - Google Patents

Laser-markable electrical cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0256422B1
EP0256422B1 EP87111246A EP87111246A EP0256422B1 EP 0256422 B1 EP0256422 B1 EP 0256422B1 EP 87111246 A EP87111246 A EP 87111246A EP 87111246 A EP87111246 A EP 87111246A EP 0256422 B1 EP0256422 B1 EP 0256422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
outer layer
colour
laser
underlayer
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EP87111246A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0256422A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Ferlier
Michel Maréchal
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Filotex SA
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Filotex SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/34—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for marking conductors or cables
    • H01B13/348—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for marking conductors or cables using radiant energy, e.g. a laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B7/00—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams
    • B44B7/002—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams in layered material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/36—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks
    • H01B7/365—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with distinguishing or length marks being indicia imposed on the insulation or conductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a markable electric cable, comprising an outer layer enabling such marking to be carried out, of color contrasted with the color of an undercoat, this outer layer being a thin layer which, when marking, is destroyed throughout its thickness so as to reveal an undercoat.
  • German patent n ° 3147230 describes a cable whose external surface first receives by spraying one or two colored coatings, which are baked by HF or infrared waves before their treatment by laser radiation. .
  • this document is concerned only with the surface burning obtained by laser radiation.
  • a patent Us 4 370 542 claims the marking of a cable by laser, but it in fact only relates to the relative positioning of this cable and of the laser source.
  • Against by the present invention relates to a particular arrangement of the outer layer of an electric cable allowing marking by fine and precise laser beam.
  • the electric cable according to the invention is characterized in that the outer layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene added with 10 to 15% of white pigments, or else of polyurethane having a concentration of white pigments greater than 30%, and in that the sub- layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene added with 5 to 15% of dark pigments, or in aromatic polyamide added of 30 to 35% of dark pigments, capable of allowing the destruction of the outer layer in all its thickness by a laser beam and the absorption of this one by the underlay.
  • the outer layer preferably has a thickness of between 5 and 50 micrometers and the sub-layer a minimum thickness of 25 micrometers if it is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or 15 micrometers if it is made of aromatic polyamide.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the marking by laser beam according to the invention.
  • a ray 10 from a laser source 11 is directed towards the surface of an electrical cable 12.
  • This cable comprises a thin outer layer 13, for example between 5 and 50 micrometers, which surrounds an underlayer 14. This layer exterior is destroyed throughout its thickness at the point of impact 15 of the laser beam thereon, thus revealing the sub-layer 14 which absorbs said laser beam.
  • This outer layer 13 being of a contrasting color, for example clear, with respect to the sub-layer, for example dark, the invention makes it possible to obtain a quality marking.
  • This sublayer 14 can be pigmented in dark brown or black so as to promote the absorption of the laser beam and allow contrast with the outer layer 13.
  • the pigments used can be dark brown pigments "Brown Sicopal K 2795" from the company BASF or black pigments "FA 2306" from the company FERRO, or a combination of pigments, for example based on the two pigments mentioned.
  • the minimum thickness of such a sub-layer 14 is such that it makes it possible to stop the penetration of the laser beam 10.
  • this radial thickness is of the order of 25 micrometers.
  • this thickness is of the order of 15 micrometers.
  • the pigment concentration must be between 5 and 15% with the first type of undercoat and between 30 and 35% with the second type of undercoat, so as to preserve good mechanical strength of this undercoat. -layer and to obtain sufficient coloring.
  • the outer layer 13 must be such that it allows just the necessary absorption of the laser beam to cause its own pyrolysis. It must indeed be the least absorbent possible while remaining burnable by the laser beam.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • BAYER a product of the company BAYER composed of "Desmophen F951" which is a polyol and "Desmodur CT” which is a polyisocyanate, in solution for example in a mixture of cresol and xylene.
  • the pigmentation of this layer 13 can be obtained using a white pigment of titanium dioxide in all its forms, rutile or anatase for example, such as "Kronos RN59" from the company NL Chemicals.
  • This white pigment can be used alone or mixed with colored pigments in small quantities to obtain clear or pastel shades.
  • the thickness of such a layer has a maximum value depending on the type of laser used and its emission power. Indeed, this laser must be able to volatilize this layer to reveal the dark underlay 14.
  • the thickness of this layer must preferably be between 5 and 20 micrometers with an outer layer 13 of the first type. considered, and between 5 and 25 micrometers with an outer layer 13 of the second type considered.
  • This sublayer is then pigmented in the same way as sublayer 14, so that all of the polyimide and polyamide sublayers have a minimum thickness of the order of 15 micrometers.
  • varnishes used are fired according to the traditional methods used in the enameled wire industry, for example by multi-pass coating with dynamic baking in a "parade” oven obtained by the process known as "in die”, or the process known as “by dipping” ".
  • varnish deposition techniques such as for example electrophoresis, electrostatic powdering and / or in a fluidized bath.
  • the laser marking according to the invention can be carried out on a machine of the type described in US Pat. No. 4,370,542 which allows relative positioning of a cable and a laser source.
  • Such a marking can also be carried out by moving a mask in front of a wide laser beam, for example obtained from a Co2 laser (“mask” method), the laser beam being focused after having passed through said mask.
  • a mask for example obtained from a Co2 laser (“mask” method
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 represent two examples of embodiment of such cables which can be marked by laser according to the invention.
  • the marking according to the invention can also be applied to constructions of electric cables, in particular for aerospace use, with improved electrical characteristics, described in French Patent No. 2,555,799.
  • the cable according to the invention therefore allows marking which consists in burning a thin external layer, existing or added for the occasion, the gaps thus created in this layer revealing the underlying insulation. This must satisfy the electrical, mechanical, etc. clauses imposed on the cable, and in addition must be able to resist laser radiation, the power of which is adjusted to the level just necessary to burn the outer thin layer.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un câble électrique marquable, comportant une couche extérieure permettant la réalisation d'un tel marquage, de couleur contrastée par rapport à la couleur d'une sous-couche, cette couche extérieure étant une couche mince qui, lors du marquage, est détruite dans toute son épaisseur de manière à laisser apparaître une sous-couche.The present invention relates to a markable electric cable, comprising an outer layer enabling such marking to be carried out, of color contrasted with the color of an undercoat, this outer layer being a thin layer which, when marking, is destroyed throughout its thickness so as to reveal an undercoat.

Pour réaliser un tel marquage de câble par laser, un brevet allemand n° 3147230 décrit un câble dont la surface externe reçoit d'abord par pistolage un ou deux revêtements colorés, qui sont cuits par ondes HF ou infrarouges avant leur traitement par un rayonnement laser. Mais ce document ne se préoccupe que du brûlage superficiel obtenu par le rayonnement laser.To carry out such a cable marking by laser, a German patent n ° 3147230 describes a cable whose external surface first receives by spraying one or two colored coatings, which are baked by HF or infrared waves before their treatment by laser radiation. . However, this document is concerned only with the surface burning obtained by laser radiation.

Un brevet Us 4 370 542 revendique le marquage d'un câble par laser, mais il ne concerne en fait que le positionnement relatif de ce câble et de la source laser.A patent Us 4 370 542 claims the marking of a cable by laser, but it in fact only relates to the relative positioning of this cable and of the laser source.

Il existe d'autres documents de l'art antérieur qui concernent le marquage de différents types de surface, par exemple plastiques dans des buts d'identification, ou bien de préparation de stencils ou de plaques lithographiques. Certains de ces documents, notamment le brevet européen EP 159529 et le brevet français FR 2520902 mettent en jeu deux couches superficielles, dont l'une est abosrbante pour un rayonnement laser, mais l'autre, externe, est transparente.There are other documents of the prior art which relate to the marking of different types of surface, for example plastics for identification purposes, or else for the preparation of stencils or lithographic plates. Some of these documents, in particular the European patent EP 159529 and the French patent FR 2520902 involve two surface layers, one of which is absorbent for laser radiation, but the other, external, is transparent.

Un document américain US-3509916 propose de distinguer deux conducteurs isolés par deux couches successives d'isolant de couleurs différentes. Il décrit, en effet, le repérage de conducteurs isolés par découpe mécanique ou fusion d'une hélice dans la couche externe de chaque conducteur, ladite découpe ou fusion laissant apparaître la sous-couche contrastée par rapport à la couche externe. Mais un tel procédé ne permet pas d'établir de véritables inscriptions sur un conducteur.An American document US-3509916 proposes to distinguish two conductors insulated by two successive layers of insulator of different colors. It describes, in fact, the identification of insulated conductors by mechanical cutting or fusion of a helix in the outer layer of each conductor, said cutting or fusion revealing the underlayer contrasted with respect to the outer layer. However, such a process does not make it possible to establish real inscriptions on a driver.

Par contre la présente invention a pour objet une disposition particulière de la couche externe d'un câble électrique permettant un marquage par rayon laser fin et précis.Against by the present invention relates to a particular arrangement of the outer layer of an electric cable allowing marking by fine and precise laser beam.

Le câble électrique selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que la couche extérieure est en polytétrafluoréthylène additionné de 10 à 15 % de pigments blancs, ou bien en polyuréthane agant une concentration en pigments blancs superieure à 30 %, et en ce que la sous-couche est en polytétrafluoréthylène additionné de 5 à 15 % de pigments foncés, ou en polyamide aromatique additionné de 30 à 35 % de pigments foncés, susceptible de permettre la destruction de la couche extérieure dans toute son épaisseur par un faisceau laser et l'absorption de celui-ci par la sous-couche.The electric cable according to the invention is characterized in that the outer layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene added with 10 to 15% of white pigments, or else of polyurethane having a concentration of white pigments greater than 30%, and in that the sub- layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene added with 5 to 15% of dark pigments, or in aromatic polyamide added of 30 to 35% of dark pigments, capable of allowing the destruction of the outer layer in all its thickness by a laser beam and the absorption of this one by the underlay.

La couche extérieure a de préférence une épaisseur comprise entre 5 et 50 micromètres et la sous-couche une épaisseur minimale de 25 micromètres si elle est en polytétrafluoréthylène ou de 15 micromètres si elle est en polyamide aromatique.The outer layer preferably has a thickness of between 5 and 50 micrometers and the sub-layer a minimum thickness of 25 micrometers if it is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or 15 micrometers if it is made of aromatic polyamide.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre un câble électrique marquable par laser selon l'invention,
  • Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent deux exemples de réalisation de câbles marquables par laser selon l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will moreover emerge from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an electric cable markable by laser according to the invention,
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate two exemplary embodiments of cables markable by laser according to the invention.

La figure 1 illustre le marquage par rayon laser selon l'invention. Un rayon 10 issu d'une source laser 11 est dirigé vers la surface d'un câble électrique 12. Ce câble comprend une couche extérieure 13 mince, par exemple comprise entre 5 et 50 micromètres, qui entoure une sous-couche 14. Cette couche extérieure est détruite dans toute son épaisseur au point d'impact 15 du rayon laser sur celle-ci, en laissant apparaître ainsi la sous-couche 14 qui absorbe ledit rayon laser.FIG. 1 illustrates the marking by laser beam according to the invention. A ray 10 from a laser source 11 is directed towards the surface of an electrical cable 12. This cable comprises a thin outer layer 13, for example between 5 and 50 micrometers, which surrounds an underlayer 14. This layer exterior is destroyed throughout its thickness at the point of impact 15 of the laser beam thereon, thus revealing the sub-layer 14 which absorbs said laser beam.

Cette couche extérieure 13 étant de couleur contrastée, par exemple claire, par rapport à la sous-couche, par exemple sombre, l'invention permet d'obtenir un marquage de qualité.This outer layer 13 being of a contrasting color, for example clear, with respect to the sub-layer, for example dark, the invention makes it possible to obtain a quality marking.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif la sous-couche 14, qui doit être absorbante à la longueur d'onde du laser utilisé par exemple YAG (λ = 1,06 µm) ou CO₂ (λ= 10,6 µm), peut avoir les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • la sous-couche 14 peut être réalisée en polytétrafluoréthylène, par exemple en "Téflon 30N" de du Pont de Nemours, en dispersion aqueuse, ou en polyamide aromatique, tel que 1' "Imitec 302" de la Société Imitec en phase solvant (N -méthyl-pyrrolidone).
By way of nonlimiting example, the sublayer 14, which must be absorbent at the wavelength of the laser used, for example YAG (λ = 1.06 μm) or CO₂ (λ = 10.6 µm), may have the following features:
  • the sublayer 14 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene, by example in "Teflon 30N" from du Pont de Nemours, in aqueous dispersion, or in aromatic polyamide, such as 1 "Imitec 302" from the company Imitec in solvent phase (N -methyl-pyrrolidone).

Cette sous-couche 14 peut être pigmentée en marron foncé ou en noir de façon à favoriser l'absorption du rayon laser et permettre le contraste avec la couche extérieure 13. Les pigments utilisés peuvent être des pigments marrons foncés "Marron Sicopal K 2795" de la Société BASF ou des pigments noirs "FA 2306" de la Société FERRO, ou une combinaison de pigments, par exemple à base des deux pigments cités.This sublayer 14 can be pigmented in dark brown or black so as to promote the absorption of the laser beam and allow contrast with the outer layer 13. The pigments used can be dark brown pigments "Brown Sicopal K 2795" from the company BASF or black pigments "FA 2306" from the company FERRO, or a combination of pigments, for example based on the two pigments mentioned.

L'épaisseur minimale d'une telle sous-couche 14 est telle qu'elle permette d'arrêter la pénétration du rayon laser 10. Ainsi avec une sous-couche en polytétrafluoréthylène cette épaisseur radiale est de l'ordre de 25 micromètres. Avec une sous-couche en polyamide aromatique cette épaisseur est de l'ordre de 15 micromètres.The minimum thickness of such a sub-layer 14 is such that it makes it possible to stop the penetration of the laser beam 10. Thus with a polytetrafluoroethylene under-layer, this radial thickness is of the order of 25 micrometers. With an aromatic polyamide underlay, this thickness is of the order of 15 micrometers.

La concentration en pigment doit être comprise, avec le premier type de sous-couche, entre 5 et 15% et, avec le second type de sous-couche, entre 30 et 35%, de manière à préserver une bonne tenue mécanique de cette sous-couche et à obtenir une coloration suffisante. La couche extérieure 13 doit être telle qu'elle permette une absorption juste nécessaire du rayon laser pour entraîner sa propre pyrolyse. Elle doit en effet être le moins absorbante possible tout en restant brûlable par le rayon laser.The pigment concentration must be between 5 and 15% with the first type of undercoat and between 30 and 35% with the second type of undercoat, so as to preserve good mechanical strength of this undercoat. -layer and to obtain sufficient coloring. The outer layer 13 must be such that it allows just the necessary absorption of the laser beam to cause its own pyrolysis. It must indeed be the least absorbent possible while remaining burnable by the laser beam.

Elle peut être réalisé, par exemple, par une dispersion aqueuse en polytétrafluoréthylène (PTFE) de même type que la sous-couche 14, ou par un vernis polyuréthane, par exemple un produit de la Société BAYER composé de "Desmophen F951" qui est un polyol et de "Desmodur CT" qui est un polyisocyanate, en solution par exemple dans un mélange de crésol et de xylène.It can be produced, for example, by an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of the same type as the sublayer 14, or by a polyurethane varnish, for example a product of the company BAYER composed of "Desmophen F951" which is a polyol and "Desmodur CT" which is a polyisocyanate, in solution for example in a mixture of cresol and xylene.

La pigmentation de cette couche 13 peut être obtenue à l'aide d'un pigment blanc de bioxyde de titane sous toutes ses formes, rutile ou anatase par exemple, tel que le "Kronos RN59" de la Société NL Chemicals.The pigmentation of this layer 13 can be obtained using a white pigment of titanium dioxide in all its forms, rutile or anatase for example, such as "Kronos RN59" from the company NL Chemicals.

Ce pigment blanc peut être utilisé seul ou mélangé à des pigments colorés en faible quantité pour obtenir ainsi des teintes claires ou pastels.This white pigment can be used alone or mixed with colored pigments in small quantities to obtain clear or pastel shades.

Avec une dispersion aqueuse de PTFE la concentration de pigment doit être comprise entre 10 et 15%, par contre avec un vernis polyuréthane elle doit être supérieure à 30%.With an aqueous dispersion of PTFE the pigment concentration must be between 10 and 15%, on the other hand with a polyurethane varnish it must be greater than 30%.

L'épaisseur d'une telle couche a une valeur maximale fonction du type de laser utilisé et de sa puissance d'émission. En effet ce laser doit pouvoir volatiliser cette couche pour faire apparaître la sous-couche foncée 14.The thickness of such a layer has a maximum value depending on the type of laser used and its emission power. Indeed, this laser must be able to volatilize this layer to reveal the dark underlay 14.

Ainsi si l'on utilise, par exemple, un laser YAG pulsé à 5KHz d'une puissance de 5,6 watts, l'épaisseur de cette couche doit être de préférence comprise entre 5 et 20 micromètres avec une couche extérieure 13 du premier type considéré, et entre 5 et 25 micromètres avec une couche extérieure 13 du deuxième type considéré.Thus if, for example, a YAG laser pulsed at 5 kHz with a power of 5.6 watts is used, the thickness of this layer must preferably be between 5 and 20 micrometers with an outer layer 13 of the first type. considered, and between 5 and 25 micrometers with an outer layer 13 of the second type considered.

On pourrait, bien entendu, utiliser aussi un laser Co₂.One could, of course, also use a Co₂ laser.

Pour obtenir une bonne tenue thermique du câble on peut disposer sous cette couche extérieure 13 et sous cette sous-couche 14, d'autres sous-couches, par exemple polyimides telles que le "Liquid H" de la Société du Pont de Nemours ou le vernis "Imitec 201" de la Société Imitec.To obtain good thermal resistance of the cable, it is possible to have under this outer layer 13 and under this sublayer 14, other sublayers, for example polyimides such as "Liquid H" from the Société du Pont de Nemours or the "Imitec 201" varnish from Imitec.

Cette sous-couche est alors pigmentée de la même façon que la sous-couche 14, de façon que l'ensemble des sous-couches polyimide et polyamide ait une épaisseur minimale de l'ordre de 15 micromètres.This sublayer is then pigmented in the same way as sublayer 14, so that all of the polyimide and polyamide sublayers have a minimum thickness of the order of 15 micrometers.

Les vernis utilisés sont cuits suivant les procédés traditionnels employés dans l'industrie des fils émaillés, par exemple par enduction multipasses avec cuisson dynamique au four " a la défilée " obtenue par le procédé dit "en filière", ou le procédé dit "au trempé". On peut aussi utiliser d'autres techniques de dépôt de vernis telles que par exemple l'électrophorèse, le poudrage électrostatique et/ou en bain fluidisé.The varnishes used are fired according to the traditional methods used in the enameled wire industry, for example by multi-pass coating with dynamic baking in a "parade" oven obtained by the process known as "in die", or the process known as "by dipping" ". One can also use other varnish deposition techniques such as for example electrophoresis, electrostatic powdering and / or in a fluidized bath.

Le marquage laser selon l'invention peut être réalisé sur une machine du type de celle décrite dans le brevet US 4370542 qui permet un positionnement relatif d'un câble et d'une source laser.The laser marking according to the invention can be carried out on a machine of the type described in US Pat. No. 4,370,542 which allows relative positioning of a cable and a laser source.

Un tel marquage peut aussi être réalisé en déplaçant un masque devant un faisceau laser large, par exemple obtenu à partir d'un laser Co₂ (procédé "dit au masque"), le faisceau laser étant focalisé après avoir traversé ledit masque.Such a marking can also be carried out by moving a mask in front of a wide laser beam, for example obtained from a Co₂ laser (“mask” method), the laser beam being focused after having passed through said mask.

Le marquage selon l'invention peut être appliqué à des câbles électriques à usage notamment aérospatial. Ainsi les figures 2 et 3 représentent deux exemples de réalisation de tels câbles marquables par laser selon l'invention.The marking according to the invention can be applied to electric cables for use in particular aerospace. FIGS. 2 and 3 represent two examples of embodiment of such cables which can be marked by laser according to the invention.

Le câble illustré à la figure 2, est constitué :

  • d'un conducteur central 16 en cuivre, ou alliage de cuivre, ou aluminium, ou alliage d'aluminum, protégé ou non par un revêtement métallique (étain, nickel, argent, etc...)
  • d'une isolation tri-couche comprenant :
    • . deux couches rubanées 17 et 18 réalisées en polyimide contre-couchée d'adhésif ou thermodurcissable, solidarisées par traitement thermique ("Kapfon F", "Kapfon HFE" marques déposées de Du Pont de Nemours, "Upilex F" marque déposée par U.B.E Industriels, "Apica AF" marque déposée par KANEGAFUCHI).
    • . une troisième couche externe constituée de l'ensemble des 3 vernis 20, 21, 19 déposés successivement : couche 20 en polyimide de couleur noire, couche 21 en polyamide aromatique de couleur noire, couche 19 en polyuréthane de couleur blanche ; ces 3 vernis ont une température de service supérieure à 150°C.
The cable illustrated in Figure 2, consists of:
  • a central conductor 16 made of copper, or copper alloy, or aluminum, or aluminum alloy, protected or not by a coating metallic (tin, nickel, silver, etc ...)
  • a three-layer insulation comprising:
    • . two taped layers 17 and 18 made of polyimide back-coated with adhesive or thermosetting, secured by heat treatment ("Kapfon F", "Kapfon HFE" registered trademarks of Du Pont de Nemours, "Upilex F" trademark registered by UBE Industriels, "Apica AF" trademark registered by KANEGAFUCHI).
    • . a third external layer consisting of all 3 varnishes 20, 21, 19 deposited successively: layer 20 in black polyimide, layer 21 in black aromatic polyamide, layer 19 in white polyurethane; these 3 varnishes have a service temperature above 150 ° C.

Le câble illustré à la figure 3 est constitué :

  • d'un conducteur central 16 ;
  • d'un isolation tri-couche comprenant :
    • . une première couche rubanée 17 réalisée en polyimide tel que décrit dans l'exemple précédent.
    • . une seconde couche rubanée ou extrudée 22, en matériau thermoplastique de température de fusion supérieure ou égale à 150°C, solidarisée par traitement thermique : polytétrafluoréthylène ("Téflon PTFE", marque déposée Du Pont de Nemours), perfluoroalkoxy - polytétrafluoréthylène ("Téflon PFA", marque déposée Du Pont de Nemours, "Hostaflon TFA" marque déposée Hoechst), polytétrafluopréthylène-propylène ("Téflon FEP", marque déposée Du Pont de Nemours), polyéthylène-tétrafluoréthylène ("Tefzel", marque déposée Du Pont de Nemours), polyfluorure de vinylidène ("Kynar", marque déposée Pennwalt), polyétheréther-cétone ("PEEK", marque déposée I.C.I).
  • une troisième couche externe, constituée de l'ensemble des deux vernis 24 et 23 déposés successivement : couche 24 en PTFE de couleur noire, couche 23 en PTFE de couleur blanche. Ces deux vernis ont une température de service supérieure ou égale à 260°C.
The cable illustrated in Figure 3 consists of:
  • a central conductor 16;
  • a three-layer insulation comprising:
    • . a first ribbon layer 17 made of polyimide as described in the previous example.
    • . a second tape or extruded layer 22, made of thermoplastic material with a melting temperature greater than or equal to 150 ° C., joined together by heat treatment: polytetrafluoroethylene ("Teflon PTFE", registered trademark of Du Pont de Nemours), perfluoroalkoxy - polytetrafluoroethylene ("Teflon PFA ", registered trademark Du Pont de Nemours," Hostaflon TFA "registered trademark Hoechst), polytetrafluoprethylene-propylene (" Teflon FEP ", registered trademark Du Pont de Nemours), polyethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (" Tefzel ", registered trademark Du Pont de Nemours) , polyvinylidene fluoride ("Kynar", trademark Pennwalt), polyetherether ketone ("PEEK", trademark HERE).
  • a third outer layer, consisting of all two varnishes 24 and 23 deposited successively: layer 24 in black PTFE, layer 23 in white PTFE. These two varnishes have a service temperature greater than or equal to 260 ° C.

Le marquage selon l'invention peut également être appliqué aux constructions de câbles électriques, notamment pour usage aérospatial, à caractéristiques électriques améliorées, décrites dans le brevet français no 2 555 799.The marking according to the invention can also be applied to constructions of electric cables, in particular for aerospace use, with improved electrical characteristics, described in French Patent No. 2,555,799.

Le câble selon l'invention permet donc un marquage qui consiste à brûler une couche externe mince, existante ou rapportée pour la circonstance, les manques ainsi créés dans cette couche dévoilant l'isolation sous-jacente. Celle-ci doit satisfaire aux clauses électriques, mécaniques, etc...imposées au câble, et en outre doit être capable de résister au rayonnement laser, dont la puissance est réglée au niveau juste nécessaire à brûler la couche mince externe.The cable according to the invention therefore allows marking which consists in burning a thin external layer, existing or added for the occasion, the gaps thus created in this layer revealing the underlying insulation. This must satisfy the electrical, mechanical, etc. clauses imposed on the cable, and in addition must be able to resist laser radiation, the power of which is adjusted to the level just necessary to burn the outer thin layer.

Claims (4)

  1. An electric cable markable by laser, comprising an outer layer (13, 19, 23) enabling such marking to be performed, and having a contrasting colour relating to the colour of an underlayer, said outer layer being a thin layer, which is destroyed while being laser-marked through its entire thickness but susceptible of revealing the underlayer (14, 21, 24), characterized in that the outer layer (13, 19, 23) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with 10 to 15% of white pigments added, or else of polyurethane having a white pigment concentration of more than 30%, and in that the sublayer (14, 21, 24) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene with 5 to 15% of dark pigments added, or else of aromatic polyamide with 30 to 35% of dark pigments added, said laser beam being susceptible to destroy the outer layer through its entire thickness and to be absorbed by the underlayer.
  2. An electric cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer (13, 19, 23) has a thickness comprised between 5 and 50 micrometers, and the underlayer has a minimum thickness of 25 micrometers, if it is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, or else of 15 micrometers, if it is made of aromatic polyamide.
  3. An electric cable according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises, disposed around the central conductor (16), two taped insulation layers (17, 18) with a backing adhesive and solidified by thermal treatment, and in that the second insulation layer (18) is coated with a third layer constituted by three successive varnishes: a polyimide varnish which is black in colour (20), said underlayer constituted by an aromatic polyamide varnish which is black in colour (21), and said outer layer constituted of a polyurethane varnish which is white in colour (19).
  4. An electric cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises, disposed around the central conductor, a first taped insulation layer (17) followed by a second insulation layer (22), which is taped or extruded and presents a melting temperature higher than or equal to 150°C, and in that the second layer is covered by a third layer constituted by two varnishes in succession: said underlayer constituted by a polytetrafluoroethylene varnish which is black in colour (24), and said outer layer constituted by a polytetrafluoroethylene varnish which is white in colour (23).
EP87111246A 1986-08-05 1987-08-04 Laser-markable electrical cable Expired - Lifetime EP0256422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8611319A FR2602904B1 (en) 1986-08-05 1986-08-05 LASER MARKABLE ELECTRIC CABLE
FR8611319 1986-08-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0256422A1 EP0256422A1 (en) 1988-02-24
EP0256422B1 true EP0256422B1 (en) 1991-07-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87111246A Expired - Lifetime EP0256422B1 (en) 1986-08-05 1987-08-04 Laser-markable electrical cable

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4808966A (en)
EP (1) EP0256422B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1287133C (en)
DE (1) DE3771283D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2023153B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2602904B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1287133C (en) 1991-07-30
ES2023153B3 (en) 1992-01-01
US4808966A (en) 1989-02-28
FR2602904A1 (en) 1988-02-19
EP0256422A1 (en) 1988-02-24
DE3771283D1 (en) 1991-08-14
FR2602904B1 (en) 1989-12-01

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