EP0244327A1 - Behältermundstück mit Mitteln zum Verhindern des Wiederfüllens nach der Entleerung des ursprünglichen Inhaltes - Google Patents

Behältermundstück mit Mitteln zum Verhindern des Wiederfüllens nach der Entleerung des ursprünglichen Inhaltes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0244327A1
EP0244327A1 EP87420096A EP87420096A EP0244327A1 EP 0244327 A1 EP0244327 A1 EP 0244327A1 EP 87420096 A EP87420096 A EP 87420096A EP 87420096 A EP87420096 A EP 87420096A EP 0244327 A1 EP0244327 A1 EP 0244327A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
neck
end piece
strip
notches
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87420096A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0244327B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Salmon
Jimmy Louvatière
Claude Pradinas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione Novembal SA
Original Assignee
Societe Nouvelle de Bouchons Plastiques SNBP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nouvelle de Bouchons Plastiques SNBP filed Critical Societe Nouvelle de Bouchons Plastiques SNBP
Priority to AT87420096T priority Critical patent/ATE46124T1/de
Publication of EP0244327A1 publication Critical patent/EP0244327A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0244327B1 publication Critical patent/EP0244327B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
    • B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
    • B65D51/22—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure
    • B65D51/221—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening
    • B65D51/222—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being integral with, or fixedly attached to, the outer closure
    • B65D51/225—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure a major part of the inner closure being left inside the container after the opening the piercing or cutting means being integral with, or fixedly attached to, the outer closure and further comprising a device first inhibiting displacement of the outer closure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
    • B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
    • B65D41/3404—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with ratchet-and-pawl mechanism between the container and the closure skirt or the tamper element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
    • B65D51/20—Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
    • B65D2251/0015—Upper closure of the 41-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0037—Intermediate closure(s)
    • B65D2251/0056—Intermediate closure(s) of the 47-type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
    • B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
    • B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
    • B65D2251/0093—Membrane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
    • B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
    • B65D2401/25—Non-metallic tear-off strips

Definitions

  • Document GB-A-2,100,237 describes a bottle provided with a threaded sealing neck cooperating with a pouring plug capable, when it is screwed fully onto the neck on the one hand, of perforating a seal closing this neck, and on the other hand to cooperate with means prohibiting its unscrewing.
  • Document FR-A-2 236 748 also discloses a nozzle suitable for being screwed onto the sealed neck of a container but which, thanks to the presence of a tearable band, prevents this nozzle from being screwed fully onto the neck to cut the lid.
  • the device according to this document therefore allows a guarantee of the stored product but cannot prevent it from being filled after exhaustion of the initial charge. Furthermore, the only guarantee provided concerns the integrity of the cover, but it can be assumed that malicious individuals can gain access to the initial charge by destroying the cover during storage.
  • document FR-A-2 205 451 discloses a stopper whose tear-off guarantee strip is provided with internal teeth capable of cooperating with notches located at the base of the neck so that this stopper cannot be unscrewed without destroying the warranty strip.
  • the improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to make it possible to produce a nozzle mounted on a container. with sealed cover which provides an absolute guarantee of the quality of the initial charge, that is to say that one is obliged to break a guarantee strip in order to have access to this charge, and which moreover makes it possible to avoid with certainty that the container will not be filled with any product after the initial charge has been used up.
  • nozzle which has been generally referenced 1, and which is intended to cooperate with the threaded neck 2 of a container 3.
  • the nozzle 2 which is of a generally frustoconical shape has a terminal opening 4 closed by a cap 5.
  • the base of the neck 2 comprises a peripheral ring 6 provided with a series of radial teeth 6 a turned towards the center and produced in the manner of those of a ratchet wheel, as will be explained better below.
  • the end piece 1 comprises a central skirt 7 provided with an internal thread suitable for cooperating with the thread of the neck 2. This skirt extends upwards to form an oblique shoulder 8 connecting it to a conical cannula 9 whose top comprises l opening 4.
  • the skirt 7 is surrounded by a frustoconical sleeve 10 coming from the shoulder 8 and which has at its base a larger diameter than that of the neck 2.
  • the base of the end piece 1 is associated by means of a line of reduced thickness to a tear-off guarantee strip 11. Above this strip, the internal wall of the sleeve 10 is provided with at least one tooth 12. In reality, there is a series of teeth 12 also distributed over the entire periphery of the face. interior of said sleeve and the shape of which will be better described later.
  • the base of the cannula 9 has a cord 9a which engages in a groove 5a of the cap 5 when the latter overlaps the cannula 9.
  • a cover 14, illustrated in broken lines in FIG. 1, can be welded to the outlet of the neck 2, as illustrated in fig. 2.
  • the end piece 1 is shown screwed onto the neck 2, so that the guarantee strip 1 comes to rest on the container 3 around its ring 6.
  • the screwing of the end piece is limited by stop of the band 11 on the shoulder surrounding the ring 6.
  • the interior of the strip 11 comprises teeth 15 with an asymmetrical profile, so that the screwing of the end piece on the neck 2 can be carried out in the known manner by coating the teeth 15 relative to those 6a of the ring 9 of the container 3 (fig. 3).
  • the end piece 1 it is impossible to unscrew the end piece 1 before destruction of the strip 11 which therefore constitutes an additional guarantee of the authenticity of the product contained in the container 3.
  • counterfeiters tear off the cover 14 to fill the container 3 with a non-genuine product, then weld a new seal on the opening of the neck.
  • the presence of the teeth 15 on the strip 11 prevents any action of this kind.
  • the teeth 12 of the sleeve 10 have a lying shape identical to those 15 of the guarantee strip 11, so that the end piece can be screwed on, but that its unscrewing is impossible without destroying the base of the conical sleeve 10 , as is known.
  • the tip must be made of an elastic material such as a plastic material of the kind of polyethylene or polypropylene, so that the teeth 15 and / or 12 have the desired elasticity.
  • the ring 6 disposed at the base of the neck 2 is stepped so that above a first row of teeth 6 a is a second row 6 b disposed on a part with a smaller diameter of the ring.
  • the lip 13 is extended by an axial tooth 16.
  • This position of the nozzle is that which it occupies during the entire storage time of the container 3 before the use of its contents.
  • This screwing involves the cooperation of the coated teeth 12 formed inside the conical sleeve 8 with the second row of notches 6 b as indicated above with reference to FIG. 4, so that from this moment, it is impossible to separate the end piece 1 from the container 3 by unscrewing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
EP87420096A 1986-04-09 1987-04-08 Behältermundstück mit Mitteln zum Verhindern des Wiederfüllens nach der Entleerung des ursprünglichen Inhaltes Expired EP0244327B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87420096T ATE46124T1 (de) 1986-04-09 1987-04-08 Behaeltermundstueck mit mitteln zum verhindern des wiederfuellens nach der entleerung des urspruenglichen inhaltes.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8605248A FR2597072B1 (fr) 1986-04-09 1986-04-09 Embout de recipient assurant l'impossibilite de remplissage apres epuisement de la charge initiale
FR8605248 1986-04-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0244327A1 true EP0244327A1 (de) 1987-11-04
EP0244327B1 EP0244327B1 (de) 1989-09-06

Family

ID=9334173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87420096A Expired EP0244327B1 (de) 1986-04-09 1987-04-08 Behältermundstück mit Mitteln zum Verhindern des Wiederfüllens nach der Entleerung des ursprünglichen Inhaltes

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4760941A (de)
EP (1) EP0244327B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6322356A (de)
AT (1) ATE46124T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1294585C (de)
DE (1) DE3760528D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2011300B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2597072B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3000240T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0344357A2 (de) * 1988-05-31 1989-12-06 Heinlein, Patricia Verschluss für einen flaschenartigen Behälter, insbesondere für Operationsspülwasser o. dgl.
GB2264110A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-08-18 Northern Eng & Plastics Resealable bottle cap with push-pull closure
RU189358U1 (ru) * 2019-03-22 2019-05-21 Ольга Валерьевна Филатова Насадка кондитерская для подачи пастообразного или текучего продукта с наконечника эластичной тары

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2617134B1 (fr) * 1987-06-29 1990-01-12 Emballages Conseils Etudes Obturateur a embout verseur et bouchon doseur a bec verseur
BE1000760A6 (fr) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-28 Lynes Holding Sa Dispositif de bouchon verseur.
DE3730225A1 (de) * 1987-09-09 1989-03-23 Berg Jacob Gmbh Co Kg Kunststoffverschluss fuer einen kunststoffbehaelter
US4976379A (en) * 1988-05-23 1990-12-11 Sloan Daniel C Dispensing container with integral funnel
JPH02135466U (de) * 1989-04-12 1990-11-09
US5088613A (en) * 1991-02-25 1992-02-18 Continental Plastics, Inc. Tamper evident closure
US5100011A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-03-31 The West Company, Incorporated Tamper evident closure
US5257724A (en) * 1992-02-24 1993-11-02 Afa Products Inc. Tamper evident trigger sprayer bottle cap/bottle neck assembly
US5507416A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-16 West Penn Plastics Tamper evident push pull resealable cap
US5788099A (en) * 1995-02-13 1998-08-04 Akysys, Ltd. Vessel for containing batch quantities of dialysate or other physiologic solution chemicals
JP3161977B2 (ja) * 1996-08-23 2001-04-25 日本クラウンコルク株式会社 分別廃棄性に優れたキャップ
DE29801270U1 (de) * 1998-01-27 1998-05-20 Georg Menshen GmbH & Co KG, 57413 Finnentrop Ausgiesseinschweissteil
US6247605B1 (en) * 1998-05-22 2001-06-19 Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. Inner plug and cap for liquid injection containers, and jig used to fix cap to inner plug
JP4302800B2 (ja) 1998-09-12 2009-07-29 本田技研工業株式会社 ４サイクルエンジンの潤滑構造
US6039218A (en) * 1999-01-11 2000-03-21 Innovative Plastic Technology, Inc. Tamper-evident closure with abutment
FR2806070B1 (fr) * 2000-03-09 2002-05-31 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Procede et dispositif de bouchage d'un recipient et recipient pourvu d'un tel dispositif
US6439429B1 (en) * 2001-07-05 2002-08-27 Seaquist Closures Foreign, Inc. Tamper-evident closure and spout fitment for a pouch
US6886716B2 (en) * 2003-04-09 2005-05-03 Weller Engineering, Inc. Cap with unitary security ring
WO2004106172A2 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-09 Portola Packaging, Inc. Method of joining separable components and container closure system formed by the same
US7337923B2 (en) * 2004-07-08 2008-03-04 Decko Products, Inc. Variable tip nozzle and cap assembly for dispensing pouch
DE102005022952B3 (de) * 2005-05-19 2007-03-29 Khs Ag Kombination eines Originalitäts-Verschlusses mit einer Behälteröffnung
CA2757299A1 (en) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-07 Tadashi Otsuka Two-drug pharmaceutical container
EP2554486A1 (de) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-06 Nestec S.A. Verpackung mit Ausgiessanordnung für fliessfähige Produkte
FR3000037B1 (fr) * 2012-12-26 2015-02-27 Albea Services Tete de tube munie d'un opercule, associee a un bouchon perforateur ameliore assurant la preservation de l'opercule prealablement a sa premiere utilisation
FR3000036B1 (fr) * 2012-12-26 2015-02-20 Albea Services Tete de tube munie d'un opercule, associee a un bouchon perforateur ameliore assurant la preservation de l'opercule prealablement a sa premiere utilisation
US9617054B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2017-04-11 Decko Products, Inc. Dual thread nozzle and cap assembly for dispensing pouch
USD743255S1 (en) 2014-06-16 2015-11-17 Decko Products, Inc. Nozzle and cap assembly
CN108820539B (zh) * 2018-06-22 2023-12-01 桐城市申达包装有限公司 一种防伪瓶盖及其防伪方法
CA3110005A1 (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 Ingersoll Products Inc. Collar for use with a casing and an applicator
JP7404826B2 (ja) * 2019-11-29 2023-12-26 セイコーエプソン株式会社 インク補給容器セット、インク補給容器、および、その梱包体
US20210299695A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2021-09-30 Inno-Cons Thailand Co., Ltd. Self-puncture nozzle for caulking

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH369672A (de) * 1959-04-21 1963-05-31 Neopac Ag Unlösbare Schraubverbindung
FR1448275A (fr) * 1965-06-24 1966-08-05 Bouchon verseur
FR2205451A1 (de) * 1972-11-09 1974-05-31 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson
FR2236748A1 (en) * 1973-07-10 1975-02-07 Goiffon Ets Leon Closure for containers with distribution nozzle - has cutting edge inside screw down cap to pierce top of tube
GB2100237A (en) * 1978-03-31 1982-12-22 Baxter Travenol Lab Liquid dispensing bottle
EP0111419A1 (de) * 1982-12-09 1984-06-20 Johnsen & Jorgensen (Plastics) Limited Verschluss mit Kindersicherung und Originalitätssicherung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3901404A (en) * 1972-05-18 1975-08-26 Dairy Cap Corp Bottle cap
US3980195A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-09-14 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Tamper-proof closure
JPS5198250U (de) * 1975-01-31 1976-08-06
FR2464197A1 (fr) * 1979-09-04 1981-03-06 Cope Allman Plastics Ltd Conditionnement etanche rebouchable, recipient et capsule a garantie de premiere utilisation pour un tel conditionnement
US4307821A (en) * 1980-08-22 1981-12-29 Mack-Wayne Plastics Company Container-closure assembly
US4418828A (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-12-06 H-C Industries, Inc. Plastic closure with mechanical pilfer band
US4583665A (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-04-22 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Combination container with membrane sealed finish and tamper-indicating dispensing closure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH369672A (de) * 1959-04-21 1963-05-31 Neopac Ag Unlösbare Schraubverbindung
FR1448275A (fr) * 1965-06-24 1966-08-05 Bouchon verseur
FR2205451A1 (de) * 1972-11-09 1974-05-31 Saint Gobain Pont A Mousson
FR2236748A1 (en) * 1973-07-10 1975-02-07 Goiffon Ets Leon Closure for containers with distribution nozzle - has cutting edge inside screw down cap to pierce top of tube
GB2100237A (en) * 1978-03-31 1982-12-22 Baxter Travenol Lab Liquid dispensing bottle
EP0111419A1 (de) * 1982-12-09 1984-06-20 Johnsen & Jorgensen (Plastics) Limited Verschluss mit Kindersicherung und Originalitätssicherung

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0344357A2 (de) * 1988-05-31 1989-12-06 Heinlein, Patricia Verschluss für einen flaschenartigen Behälter, insbesondere für Operationsspülwasser o. dgl.
EP0344357A3 (en) * 1988-05-31 1990-08-01 Hans Heinlein Closure for a bottle-type container, especially one for a rinsing liquid or the like
GB2264110A (en) * 1991-03-07 1993-08-18 Northern Eng & Plastics Resealable bottle cap with push-pull closure
GB2264110B (en) * 1991-03-07 1995-10-25 Northern Eng & Plastics Resealable bottle cap with push-pull closure
RU189358U1 (ru) * 2019-03-22 2019-05-21 Ольга Валерьевна Филатова Насадка кондитерская для подачи пастообразного или текучего продукта с наконечника эластичной тары

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6322356A (ja) 1988-01-29
CA1294585C (en) 1992-01-21
ATE46124T1 (de) 1989-09-15
GR3000240T3 (en) 1991-03-15
US4760941A (en) 1988-08-02
JPH0419099B2 (de) 1992-03-30
DE3760528D1 (en) 1989-10-12
EP0244327B1 (de) 1989-09-06
FR2597072A1 (fr) 1987-10-16
FR2597072B1 (fr) 1988-12-16
ES2011300B3 (es) 1990-01-01

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