EP0238476B1 - Support genre nubuck respectivement cuir artificiel type velours et son procédé de préparation - Google Patents

Support genre nubuck respectivement cuir artificiel type velours et son procédé de préparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0238476B1
EP0238476B1 EP19870890047 EP87890047A EP0238476B1 EP 0238476 B1 EP0238476 B1 EP 0238476B1 EP 19870890047 EP19870890047 EP 19870890047 EP 87890047 A EP87890047 A EP 87890047A EP 0238476 B1 EP0238476 B1 EP 0238476B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate according
fleece
textile support
impregnated
fibres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870890047
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0238476A3 (en
EP0238476A2 (fr
Inventor
Philipp Schaefer
Horst Büscher
Gustav Hildebrandt
Heinrich Dr. Kracke
Bernd Grego
Klaus Heimrich
Harald Dr. Krack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JH Benecke GmbH
Original Assignee
JH Benecke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19863608781 external-priority patent/DE3608781A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19863628302 external-priority patent/DE3628302A1/de
Application filed by JH Benecke GmbH filed Critical JH Benecke GmbH
Priority to AT87890047T priority Critical patent/ATE69074T1/de
Publication of EP0238476A2 publication Critical patent/EP0238476A2/fr
Publication of EP0238476A3 publication Critical patent/EP0238476A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0238476B1 publication Critical patent/EP0238476B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using flocked webs or pile fabrics upon which a resin is applied; Teasing, raising web before resin application
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/904—Artificial leather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23921—With particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/2395—Nap type surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249955—Void-containing component partially impregnated with adjacent component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nubuck or suede-like substrate, with a textile carrier body with a rough surface on at least one side, which is at least partially impregnated with a polymeric plastic material consisting of a foam which has open cells formed by the introduction of air.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a substrate.
  • Non-impregnated nonwovens have excellent puncture and tear resistance properties. However, their main disadvantage is that their surface is unstable and changes very much, especially when stretched. Another disadvantage of these nonwovens lies in the fact that they have a considerably changing thickness. If such nonwovens are used as a carrier material for a plastic coating, it is necessary to compensate for the fluctuations in thickness and to eliminate the unrest on the surface of the nonwoven by providing thick, heavy and therefore expensive plastic coatings. Although it has already been proposed to use foamed PVC or foamed PUR as the coating material, which reduces the weight, such foamed coatings have poor abrasion properties and tend to split.
  • a carrier material formed from a nonwoven made of textile fibers is impregnated with a polymer plastic material which is arranged in the carrier material in different distributions, the substrate thus formed being compressed after the plastic material has solidified.
  • the substrate becomes hard and stiff, so it has no leather-like properties and therefore cannot be used as a substitute for leather.
  • the tear strength and puncture resistance of the substrate is very poor.
  • a method for the production of porous textile fabrics with leather-like grain has also been proposed, according to which a base fabric made of shrinkable fibers is impregnated on one or both sides with a flowable, heat-reactive polymer, which has been made foam-like, for example, by incorporating air, whereupon the impregnated fabric is dried by the application of heat and is allowed to shrink by treatment with water or steam (DE-A-21 64 852).
  • a base fabric made of shrinkable fibers is impregnated on one or both sides with a flowable, heat-reactive polymer, which has been made foam-like, for example, by incorporating air, whereupon the impregnated fabric is dried by the application of heat and is allowed to shrink by treatment with water or steam (DE-A-21 64 852).
  • the prerequisite for this is the use of a fabric made of natural
  • the term “impregnation” is understood not only to mean immersing the textile material in a bath, but also any other way of applying a liquid to the textile material.
  • the object of the invention is to create a nubuck or suede-like substrate and a method for its production, which substrate is a flat, calm, fine-fiber Surface and has a low basis weight, does not stretch when stretching, i.e. does not become restless, and has good air and water vapor permeability and good tear resistance and puncture resistance.
  • the substrate according to the invention should have a good moisture absorption capacity and enable rapid moisture exchange, ie when moisture occurs, for example high air humidity, sweat or the like. absorb this moisture quickly, similar to natural leather, but also release it back into the dry environment in the desired way.
  • a substrate is to be created which has good abrasion properties and approximately the same elongation properties in the longitudinal and transverse directions and a constant bending stiffness in a wide temperature range.
  • the substrate according to the invention should be able to be deformed well and permanently, which is important when using the substrate both in shoe manufacture and as a covering material for cushions and for the interior lining of vehicles.
  • the foam with which the carrier body consisting of a nonwoven is partially impregnated and which has open cells, fills the cavities between the fibers almost completely and evenly. This avoids an accumulation of plastic material at the crossing points of the fibers of the nonwoven, so that the substrate according to the invention has a low bending strength and has excellent tear propagation resistance properties and puncture tear resistance properties. This advantage is also achieved through the use of a fleece which, in contrast to a woven or knitted fabric, consists of non-oriented fibers.
  • the good tensile strength properties are ensured above all by the fact that not the entire carrier body, but rather only a region between 20 and 60% of its total thickness, is impregnated with the polymer plastic foam, since complete impregnation significantly reduces the tensile strength properties.
  • the good permeability to air and water vapor results from the fact that the substrate according to the invention has a large number of open cells and therefore an at least predominantly open-cell fine-pored structure.
  • the cell structure makes it possible furthermore, that a suede-like effect arises after the impregnated surface is sanded, since the fibers partially protrude from this surface.
  • the outstanding fibers also create very favorable conditions for inseparable connection with an additional thin coating, because the liquid coating material can anchor itself in the fine, rough surface without, however, sinking into it.
  • the carrier body consists of a fleece and is therefore stretchable without the surface of the substrate changing in a disruptive manner
  • the substrate according to the invention is particularly suitable as a leather substitute, but particularly well as a material for the interior of vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, because it can be easily deformed due to its elasticity.
  • a particularly high permeability to air and water vapor results when the foamed polymeric plastic material has open cells formed solely by introducing air. This is useful, for example, if the substrate or the like in the manufacture of shoes, protectors or the like, but also for the interior of vehicles, rooms or the like. and is used as a covering material for upholstery.
  • the polymeric plastic material has, in addition to the open cells formed by introducing air, hollow cells formed by hollow microspheres. It is advantageous here if at least some of the hollow microspheres located on the impregnated surface of the carrier body are open, since this improves the velor effect.
  • the textile carrier body is at least partially made of plastic fibers, for example polyester fibers or Polyamide fibers. This is particularly advantageous if the substrate according to the invention is heated and deformed by means of high frequency.
  • a particularly attractive surface is also obtained when the fibers are thinner than 3.5 dtex, preferably thinner than 2 dtex.
  • the carrier body can consist of several interconnected webs.
  • the textile carrier body can be formed from a natural fiber fleece and a synthetic fiber fleece, preferably of approximately the same weight, needled together with the natural fiber fleece. Due to their wicking properties, the natural fibers ensure good water absorption, the synthetic fibers ensure high resistance to tearing and tearing.
  • the impregnated area of the carrier body can also consist of a nonwoven fabric, which is needled together with a knitted fabric or a thin nonwoven fabric that has been consolidated by embossing, the fibers of the former nonwoven partially projecting through the knitted fabric or the thin, consolidated nonwoven fabric.
  • the carrier body consists of two nonwovens, between which a knitted fabric or a thin nonwoven fabric, which is consolidated by embossing, is arranged, the knitted fabric or the thin, consolidated nonwoven fabric being connected to the outer nonwovens by needling.
  • the knitted fabric expediently consists of a roughened jersey, that is to say of a jersey in which the loops are cut open on the surface.
  • the textile carrier body consists in its impregnated area of a fleece which is needled together with a plastic film made of polypropylene, polyethylene or soft PVC, the fibers of the fleece projecting through the plastic film.
  • a plastic film made of polypropylene, polyethylene or soft PVC, the fibers of the fleece projecting through the plastic film.
  • the textile carrier body preferably with a proportion between 5 and 35%, can contain high-strength fibers, in particular based on polyamide.
  • high-strength fibers are sold in the German Federal Republic under the trademarks KEVLAR and NOMEX. This makes the tensile strength of the substrate essential elevated.
  • a thin, light fleece with a basis weight of approximately 150 g / m 2 can be used as the carrier body, so that this substrate is particularly suitable, for example, for shoe upper material. So far, it has been necessary to provide such a thin, open-structure fleece with a thick and thus heavy coating.
  • the arrangement of the foam in the fleece and the grinding of the surface create a tearable suede-like or textile velor-like substrate even when using thin fleece made of high-strength fibers, which retains its smooth surface even when stretched and which is also ideal for applying thin coatings.
  • a beautiful, even velor effect is obtained when the majority of the cells in the polymer plastic material are smaller than 125 ⁇ .
  • the polymeric plastic material is preferably, at least partially, crosslinked, with a crosslinking agent being added which does not start heating crosslinking.
  • a polymer dispersion based on butadiene, polyurethane, polyacrylate, polystyrene, polyisobutylene and / or polychloroprene, or containing these polymers, is particularly suitable as the polymer plastic material. This makes it easy to produce the open-celled whipped foam.
  • the polymeric plastic material according to the invention can contain powdery hygroscopic additives, for example leather powder or cellulose powder, which absorb and transmit the moisture.
  • powdery hygroscopic additives for example leather powder or cellulose powder, which absorb and transmit the moisture.
  • leather powder or cellulose powder For low bending stiffness and good tear propagation resistance and puncture resistance, it is essential if there is no plastic enrichment at the crossing points of the fibers in order to avoid a strong bond between the carrier body and the plastic material. This is the case when using the foam material according to the invention.
  • a reduction in this bond and thereby an improved extensibility of the substrate in all directions can, however, still be achieved in that, according to the invention, the textile carrier body is provided with a non-stick finish made of a layer at least partially enveloping the fibers forming the carrier body.
  • This layer can consist, for example, of silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, wax, paraffin, polyolefin or similar materials, or of mixtures thereof, that is to say of substances which are above all water-repellent and therefore prevent the dispersion from adhering to the fibers.
  • the layer can also consist of a substance that is soluble in a liquid, in particular water or alcohol, for example gelatin, starch, soaps, fatty alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol, water glass, or mixtures thereof.
  • This layer initially surrounds the fibers and prevents the plastic material from adhering to them, in particular also at the crossing points, but can be at least partially removed again during or after the plastic material has solidified by the liquid (water, alcohol or the like), so that then the fibers in the plastic foam are, as it were, freely movable, thereby not only improving the softness and flexibility of the substrate produced in this way, but also forming capillary cavities in this substrate, which increase the moisture permeability in the desired manner.
  • the aqueous plastic dispersion itself will absorb this layer.
  • the substrate according to the invention expediently has a density of less than 0.45 g / cm 3.
  • the substrate is provided with a print and a preferably transparent finish on at least one surface, as a result of which a desired, for example leather or textile, appearance is achieved.
  • the substrate according to the invention can be used without a coating, for example as an absorbent, breathable shoe lining material or insole material or as velor material for vehicles.
  • a coating for example as an absorbent, breathable shoe lining material or insole material or as velor material for vehicles.
  • the fine roughness of this ground surface is an ideal prerequisite even for very thin coatings because the liquid coating material can anchor itself in the rough surface and the fiber ends protruding from this rough surface anchor in the coating material.
  • the coating can have a thickness of less than 0.35 mm.
  • the coating can be applied to the impregnated and ground surface of the carrier body.
  • the velor effect on the soaked and polished surface is then retained, whereas the other surface can be given a leather-like appearance, for example by embossing the coating.
  • a foam being formed from an aqueous plastic dispersion by stirring or blowing in air this foam is introduced into a textile carrier body in such a way that it penetrates this textile carrier body at least in the area of its surface, and then the textile carrier body is dried by dehydration
  • the procedure according to the invention is such that a carrier body consisting of a nonwoven is used so that the foam is introduced into the textile carrier body by the action of excess pressure such that, starting from a surface of the textile carrier body, only an area between 20% and 60% of the total thickness of the textile carrier body is soaked, and that the surface mentioned is then ground so that the fibers of the nonwoven partially protrude from the soaked surface.
  • the blow foam is introduced by overpressure, for example by applying compressed air or compressed gas and / or by mechanically pressing the blow foam into the carrier body.
  • the introduction of the whipped foam by the action of excess pressure ensures that the foam structure is not destroyed during this introduction into the carrier body, but is maintained to the desired extent in the area of the carrier body to be impregnated.
  • the subsequent drying by the application of heat preferably one Temperature above 100 ° C, due to the expansion of the air in the blow foam, a large number of cell walls in the drying blow foam burst, which results in the desired air and water vapor permeability to a large extent.
  • whipped foam also has the advantage that the volume of the whipped foam approximately doubles compared to the volume of the undefeated dispersion, without the water: solid ratio changing, so that a smaller amount of water for impregnating the desired area of the textile carrier body is necessary, so a smaller amount of water must be removed again when drying. This saves on material and energy.
  • the hollow aqueous plastic dispersion made into foam by introducing air can be admixed with hollow microspheres made of a thermoplastic material, preferably made of polyvinylidene chloride, or compact particles containing a blowing agent made of a thermoplastic material, preferably made of polyvinylidene chloride, from which compact particles hollow microspheres are formed in situ by the application of heat. If the hollow microspheres are formed from the compact particles during the drying of the impregnated carrier body, the whipped foam is also expanded, which likewise causes the cell walls to burst.
  • the hollow microspheres that form during drying also lead to a spontaneous increase in the viscosity of the still liquid whipped foam and thus not only prevent the drying whipped foam from contracting at the points of intersection of the fibers and a reduction in volume of the whipped foam due to the loss of liquid during drying, but rather the whipped foam experiences through it forming hollow microspheres an increase in volume.
  • the aqueous plastic dispersion uses heat-sensitive measures, for example by means of a substance such as polyvinyl methyl ether, or is adjusted to a pH value which deviates from the pH of the textile carrier body or the fibers forming this textile carrier body, that is to say acidic or alkaline is opposite to the textile carrier body. In any case, this causes the plastic dispersion to coagulate, thereby accelerating the solidification thereof and causing additional foam formation.
  • the textile carrier body or the fibers forming this textile carrier body are coated with a coating of water-deviating material, for example silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, wax, paraffin, polyolefin or similar materials or mixtures, before introducing the aqueous plastic dispersion therein from this, is or will be provided.
  • This water-repellent material repels the aqueous plastic dispersion so that there is no bond between the plastic foam and the textile carrier material.
  • Another particularly advantageous way of preventing such a bond is to coat the textile carrier body or the fibers forming this textile carrier body with a coating of a liquid, e.g. Water or alcohol to provide detachable substance and after solidification of the whipped foam to remove this substance at least partially by the action of the liquid mentioned.
  • a liquid e.g. Water or alcohol
  • the textile carrier body is impregnated with a solution, emulsion or dispersion of gelatin, starch, soaps, fatty alcohols, polyvinyl alcohol, water glass or similar materials, or mixtures thereof, the solid in this solution, emulsion or dispersion is deposited on the fibers , preferably at the crossing points of the fibers, and at least partially covers the fibers with a film.
  • this film is at least partially washed out again after the solidification of the whipped foam by the action of water or alcohol, gaps are hereby created between the fibers and the solidified whipped foam, so the fibers can move freely in the solidified whipped foam in the desired manner.
  • the cavities thus created improve the water vapor and air permeability of the substrate.
  • the impregnated support body is subjected to a chemical treatment, for example by means of hot water, or, preferably with simultaneous application of heat, to a mechanical treatment, for example by stretching, stretching and / or tumbling, after it has dried is, which also loosens the bond between the fibers of the textile carrier body and the solidified plastic foam, in particular at the intersection of the fibers.
  • a chemical treatment for example by means of hot water, or, preferably with simultaneous application of heat, to a mechanical treatment, for example by stretching, stretching and / or tumbling, after it has dried is, which also loosens the bond between the fibers of the textile carrier body and the solidified plastic foam, in particular at the intersection of the fibers.
  • hollow microspheres are formed in situ during the drying of the plastic foam, as already mentioned, during the drying process there is an increase in volume and thus an increase in the thickness of the impregnated textile carrier body.
  • This increase in thickness is now expediently removed by the grinding treatment, which not only ensures the desired thickness of the substrate in each coat, regardless of the amount of foamed foam applied, but also a completely constant thickness of the substrate, even if the substrate material is in front of the Watering was of different thickness.
  • the impregnated support body can be embossed at least on one surface under the action of pressure and heat. Furthermore, the impregnated support body can be printed, preferably with a printing ink which contains methyl polymethacrylate or polyurethane as a binder. If the substrate according to the invention is to be connected to PVC film applications, as is advantageous, for example, when using the substrate for the interior of vehicles, then in such a case the printing ink also acts as an HF welding agent for welding on these PVC film applications.
  • a textile carrier material Particularly suitable as a textile carrier material are binder-free carded or random fiber nonwovens made of synthetic fibers, which nonwovens can also be reinforced by a knitted fabric or a thin nonwoven reinforced by thermal embossing. Strongly roughened knitted fabrics with a basis weight of more than 160 g / m2 are also suitable.
  • a foamed whipped or foamed aqueous plastic dispersion with a liter weight between 300 and 700 g, preferably 500 g, is coated into a fine-fiber needle or random fiber fleece with a basis weight of more than 180 g / m 2 by coating by means of overpressure brought in.
  • the dispersion in the fleece is then solidified or dried by water evaporation. This consolidation or drying takes place, for example, in that the impregnated surface of the nonwoven is brought into direct contact with a hot support, for example a hot roller or plate, so that the heat is emitted directly to the wet dispersion layer.
  • the impregnated surface of the fleece is sanded with emery paper, the open surface of the fleece present before the impregnation of the fleece and the strong fluctuations in thickness of the fleece being eliminated.
  • the surface of the fleece now has a nubuck or suede-like appearance with fine, sanded fibers and can be provided with a thin coating.
  • the fleece thus impregnated is then at a temperature of approx. 135 ° C dried.
  • the thermoplastic hollow microspheres are formed from the compact particles in the whipped foam. Drying is complete after approx. 3 minutes.
  • the fleece in which the hollow microspheres have formed is now approximately 2.2 mm thick.
  • the fleece is then sanded on the treated side with a 220 grit emery paper, until the fleece has returned to its original thickness of 2 mm.
  • the open surface of the fleece present before the impregnation of the fleece with the whipped foam and the large fluctuations in thickness of the fleece are eliminated after grinding.
  • the surface of the fleece shows a nubuck or suede-like surface with fine, sanded fibers. This surface is so flat that a thin PUR coating with a thickness of 0.18 mm applied in a known manner, even when stretching, shows no fleece structure.
  • the substrate according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 has a carrier body 1, which is formed from a fleece and consists of fibers 2.
  • An impregnation consisting of a foam 3 is provided in the area 6 of the substrate adjacent to the surface 5.
  • the impregnation can only have open cells, which are formed by stirring in air, but hollow cells forming closed cells can also be embedded in the open-cell foam, as shown at 4.
  • the impregnated surface 5 is ground and the fibers 2 protrude from this surface 5 or protrude from this surface, so that this surface has a nubuck or suede-like appearance.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that a thin coating 7 with a grain leather-like appearance is inseparably connected to the surface 5, with the fine fibers projecting from the surface 5 into it Coating protrude and are therefore anchored in this coating 7, or also protrude from this coating or protrude from this coating.
  • the coating 7 can also be applied to the non-impregnated surface of the carrier body 1, the fibers 2 of the fleece 1 also being anchored in the coating.
  • this surface provided with the coating preferably has a grain leather-like appearance, whereas the other, impregnated and polished surface 5 is velor-like.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 3 in that with the fleece 1 a knitted fabric or a thin fleece 8 consolidated by thermal embossing with a thickness of less than 0.8 mm and a weight per unit area of less than 135 g / mm2 is needled together in such a way that the fibers 2 of the nonwoven 1 penetrate the knitted fabric or consolidated nonwoven 8 and thus protrude from the top of this knitted fabric or consolidated nonwoven 8.
  • the coating 7 can be arranged both on the impregnated surface 5 of the fleece 1 and on the knitted fabric or solidified fleece 8, the protruding fibers 2 also being anchored in the coating in the latter case.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in that the carrier body consists of two nonwovens 1 ', 1 ", between which a knitted fabric or a thin, embossed nonwoven 8 is arranged, which with the two Fleece 1 ', 1 "is needled together.
  • the fleece 1 or 1 'or 1 is preferably a carded fleece made of synthetic fibers.
  • the knitted fabric 8 can consist, for example, of a roughened tricot, that is to say a tricot whose loops are open.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Claims (38)

  1. Substrat du type Nubuck, respectivement du type cuir velouté, présentant un corps de support textile (1) à surface (5) rugueuse au moins d'un côté, qui est imprégné partiellement d'une matière plastique du type polymère, qui est formée par une mousse (3) présentant, par l'inclusion d'air, des pores ouverts, caractérisé en ce qu'en partant de la surface (5) du corps de support textile (1), seule une zone comprise entre 20 % et 60% de l'épaisseur totale du corps de support textile (1) est imprégnée, et en ce que le corps de support textile (1) est constitué par un voile de carde et est poncée sur sa surface imprégnée de telle sorte que les fibres (2) font en partie saillie au-delà de cette surface (5).
  2. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la mousse (3) présente, en plus des portes ouverts formés par l'inclusion d'air, des porcs fermés constitués par des microsphères creuses(4).
  3. Substrat selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins certaines microsphères creuses isolées (4) situées à la surface imprégnée du corps de support (1) sont ouvertes.
  4. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile consiste au moins partiellement en des fibres de matière plastique (2), par exemple des fibres de polyester ou des fibres de polyamide.
  5. Substrat selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les fibres (2) sont plus minces que 3,5 dtex, de préférence plus minces que 2 dtex.
  6. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support (1) se compose de plusieurs nappes reliées les unes aux autres.
  7. Substrat selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) se compose, dans sa zone imprégnée, d'une carde de fibres naturelles, qui est solidarisée par piqûre avec une carde de fibres synthétiques ayant, de préférence, sensiblement le même poids.
  8. Substrat selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) consiste dans sa zone imprégnée en une carde qui est solidarisée par piqûre avec une structure tricotée (8), ou avec une mince carde consolidée par apprêtage, les fibres (2) de la carde citée en premier lieu traversant en partie la structure tricotée ou, respectivement, la mince carde consolidée.
  9. Substrat selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) se compose de deux cardes entre lesquelles est intercalée une structure tricotée (8) ou une mince carde consolidée par apprêtage la structure tricotée (8) ou, respectivement, la mince carde consolidée étant reliée par piqûre aux cardes externes.
  10. Substrat selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait que la structure tricotée (8) consiste en un tricot gratté.
  11. Substrat selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) se compose dans sa zone imprégnée d'une carde, qui est solidarisée par piqûre avec une feuille de matière plastique en polypropylène, en polyéthylène ou en PVC tendre, les fibres (2) de la carde traversant la feuille de matière plastique.
  12. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que la carde est constituée par une carde peignée.
  13. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) renferme, de préférence en une proportion comprise entre 5 et 35 %, des fibres hautement résistantes notamment à base de polyamide.
  14. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la majeure partie des pores de la matière plastique du type polymère est inférieure à 125 µm.
  15. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la matière plastique du type polymère est au moins partiellement réticulée.
  16. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la matière plastique (3) du type polymère est formée d'une dispersion de polymères à base de butadiène, de polyuréthane, de polyacryle, de polystyrène, de polyisobutylène et/ou de polychloroprène, ou bien renferme ces polymères.
  17. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la matière plastique (3) du type polymère renferme des adjuvants hygroscopiques pulvérulents, par exemple de la poudre de cuir ou de la poudre de cellulose.
  18. Substrat selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) est pourvu d'une structure antiadhérence, constituée d'une couche qui entoure au moins partiellement les fibres (2) formant le corps de support (1).
  19. Substrat selon la revendication 18, caractérisé par le fait que la couche consiste en du silicone, du polytétrafluoéthylène, du polyéthylène, de la cire, de la paraffine, une polyoléfine ou matériaux analogues, ou bien en des mélanges de ces derniers.
  20. Substrat selon la revendication 18, caractérisé par le fait que la couche consiste en une substance soluble dans un liquide, en particulier dans de l'eau ou de l'alcool, par exemple en de la gélatine, de l'amidon, des savons, des alcools gras, de l'alcool polyvynilique, du verre soluble, ou en des mélanges de ces substances.
  21. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé par le fait qu'il présente une densité'inférieure à 0,45 g/cm³.
  22. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est muni d'une impression sur au moins une surface (5).
  23. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est pourvu, sur au moins une surface (5), d'un agent de finissage de préférence transparent.
  24. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 23, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est muni, sur au moins une surface (5), d'un mince revêtement (7) consistant de préférence en du polyuréthane ou en du PVC, les fibres saillant au-delà de la surface étant noyées dans ce revêtement.
  25. Substrat selon la revendication 24, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement présente une épaisseur inférieure à 0,35 mm.
  26. Substrat selon la revendication 24, caractérisé par le fait que la surface non imprégnée (5) du corps du support (1) est dotée d'un revêtement (7).
  27. Substrat selon l'une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisé par le fait que la surface non poncée est munie, par impression, d'une dispersion renfermant des microsphères creuses.
  28. Procédé pour fabriquer un substrat du type Nubuck, respectivement du type cuir velouté, dans lequel est formée une mousse (3) par délayage ou par incorporation d'air dans une dispersion aqueuse de matière plastique, cette mousse (3) est insérée dans un corps de support textile (1) de manière telle qu'elle imprègne ce corps de support textile (1), au moins dans la zone de sa surface (5), et ensuite le corps de support textile (1) est séché par déshydratation, caractérisé en ce qu'il est mis en oeuvre un corps de support (1) en un voile de carde, en ce que la mousse, sous l'effet de surpression, est insérée dans le corps de support textile (1) de manière telle, qu'en partant d'une surface (5) du corps de support textile (1), seule une zone comprise entre 20 % et 60 % de l'épaisseur totale du corps de support textile (1) est imprégnée, et en ce qu'ensuite la surface citée (5) est poncée de façon telle que les fibres (2) du voile de carde fassent en partie saillie de la surface (5) imprégnée.
  29. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait qu'on ajoute, à la dispersion aqueuse de matières plastiques rendue moussante par inclusion d'air, des microsphères creuses (4) en une matière thermoplastique consistant de préférence en du polychlorure de vinylidène, ou bien des particules compactes, renfermant un agent porogène, d'une matière thermoplastique consistant de préférence en du polychlorure de vinylidène, particules compactes à partir desquelles des microsphères creuses (4) sont formées "in situ" par apport de chaleur.
  30. Procédé selon la revendication 29, caractérisé par le fait que la dispersion aqueuse de matières plastiques est exposée à des mesures thermosensibles, par exemple au moyen d'une substance telle que du polyvinylméthyléther.
  31. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que la dispersion aqueuse de matières plastiques est ajustée à une valeur pH qui diffère de la valeur pH du corps de support textile (1) ou, respectivement, des fibres (2) formant ce corps de support textile.
  32. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) ou les fibres (2) formant ce corps de support textile est ou sont respectivement munis, avant d'y incorporer la dispersion aqueuse de matières plastiques, d'un revêtement en un matériau hydrophobe comme par exemple du silicone, du polytétrafluoréthylène, du polyéthylène, de la cire, de la paraffine, une polyoléfine ou matériaux analogues, ou bien des mélanges de ces derniers.
  33. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) ou les fibres (2) formant ce corps de support textile est ou sont respectivement munis, avant d'y incorporer la dispersion aqueuse de matières plastiques, d'un revêtement en une substance soluble sous l'action d'un liquide, par exemple de l'eau ou de l'alcool; et par le fait que, pendant ou après la solidification de la mousse, cette substance est à nouveau éliminée au moins en partie sous l'action du liquide précité.
  34. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support textile (1) ou les fibres (2) formant ce corps de support textile est ou sont respectivement imprégnés avec une solution, une émulsion ou une dispersion renfermant une substance solide soluble dans un liquide, ou bien avec un gel.
  35. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que, après son séchage, le corps de support imprégné (1) est soumis à un traitement chimique, par exemple au moyen d'eau chaude, ou bien; de préférence avec application simultanée de chaleur, à un traitement mécanique par exemple par allongement, étirage et/ou foulage.
  36. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que la surépaisseur du corps de support textile (1) est éliminée, après le séchage de la dispersion de matières plastiques, par le traitement de ponçage.
  37. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que, au moins sur l'une de ses surfaces, le corps de support imprégné (1) est muni d'une empreinte sous l'action de la pression et de la chaleur, et est compacté.
  38. Procédé selon la revendication 28, caractérisé par le fait que le corps de support imprégné (1) est imprimé, de préférence avec une encre d'impression renfermant du polyméthacrylate de méthyle ou du polyuréthane en tant que liant.
EP19870890047 1986-03-15 1987-03-11 Support genre nubuck respectivement cuir artificiel type velours et son procédé de préparation Expired - Lifetime EP0238476B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87890047T ATE69074T1 (de) 1986-03-15 1987-03-11 Nubuk-bzw. velourlederartiges substrat sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863608781 DE3608781A1 (de) 1986-03-15 1986-03-15 Lederaehnliches oder textilvelourartiges substrat sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben
DE3608781 1986-03-15
DE3628302 1986-08-21
DE19863628302 DE3628302A1 (de) 1986-08-21 1986-08-21 Lederaehnliches oder textilvelourartiges substrat sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0238476A2 EP0238476A2 (fr) 1987-09-23
EP0238476A3 EP0238476A3 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0238476B1 true EP0238476B1 (fr) 1991-10-30

Family

ID=25842024

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870890047 Expired - Lifetime EP0238476B1 (fr) 1986-03-15 1987-03-11 Support genre nubuck respectivement cuir artificiel type velours et son procédé de préparation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4740407A (fr)
EP (1) EP0238476B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0686708B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE69074T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3774154D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2000118T3 (fr)

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DE3436751A1 (de) * 1984-10-06 1986-04-17 Philipp 3000 Hannover Schaefer Verfahren zum umdrehen eines spaltleders bei seiner zurichtung, sowie eine vorrichtung zum umdrehen eines spaltleders und ein nach dem verfahren zugerichtetes spaltleder
US5545449A (en) * 1991-10-02 1996-08-13 Weyerhaeuser Company Polyether-reinforced fiber-based materials
US5310590A (en) * 1993-02-04 1994-05-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Stitchbonded articles
US6004492A (en) * 1994-01-14 1999-12-21 Compsys, Inc. Method of making composite spring and damper units
DE29609848U1 (de) * 1996-06-04 1996-08-22 Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 56567 Neuwied Transportband für Lebensmittel
US6838147B2 (en) 1998-01-12 2005-01-04 Mannington Mills, Inc. Surface covering backing containing polymeric microspheres and processes of making the same
DE19859871A1 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-29 Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg Wildlederartiges textiles Flächengebilde
TWI228522B (en) * 1999-06-04 2005-03-01 Fuji Spinning Co Ltd Urethane molded products for polishing pad and method for making same
US20030060110A1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2003-03-27 Desai Dilipkumar R. Expanded extruded polymeric textile
US20020197442A1 (en) * 2001-06-06 2002-12-26 Wyner Daniel M. Insulating fabrics
DE10132255A1 (de) * 2001-07-04 2003-01-23 Achter Viktor Gmbh & Co Kg Kunstwildleder und ein Herstellungsverfahren hierfür
US20030198822A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Phillipp Schaefer Leather assembly and method of fabricating a leather assembly
DE10231453A1 (de) * 2002-07-11 2004-02-12 Viktor Achter Gmbh & Co Kg Lederimitat mit Polyurethan-Beschichtung
US20040177483A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-16 Su Yue Chu Method for forming counterfeit-deer-texture fabrics
AT8974U1 (de) * 2006-02-20 2007-03-15 Schaefer Philipp Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbringen einer beschichtung auf zumindest eine seite eines leders, und nach einem solchen verfahren hergestelltes, beschichtetes leder
WO2009125758A1 (fr) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 株式会社クラレ Feuille analogue à du cuir ayant d'excellentes performances de préhension et produit de cuir artificiel l'utilisant
DE102008026968A1 (de) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-24 Entwicklungsgesellschaft für Akustik (EfA) mit beschränkter Haftung Velours-Teppich mit Tufting-ähnlicher Oberfläche
KR200450156Y1 (ko) * 2008-08-20 2010-09-08 한서실업(주) 폴리우레탄함침 스웨드타입 트리코트 경편직물
CO2016005772A1 (es) * 2016-12-26 2018-07-19 Moreno Munetones Enrique Alejandro Textil no tejido tricotado con micro-esferas expandidas y método de fabricación del mismo
KR101983443B1 (ko) * 2017-01-12 2019-05-29 (주)엘지하우시스 수성 폴리우레탄 발포층이 구비된 인조가죽 및 이의 제조방법
CN109505065A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-03-22 天津工业大学 一种光致变色纳米纤维膜及其制备方法
WO2023204085A1 (fr) * 2022-04-20 2023-10-26 旭化成株式会社 Cuir artificiel et matériau de revêtement intérieur de véhicule le comprenant

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0238476A3 (en) 1989-04-05
ATE69074T1 (de) 1991-11-15
US4740407A (en) 1988-04-26
JPH0686708B2 (ja) 1994-11-02
EP0238476A2 (fr) 1987-09-23
ES2000118A4 (es) 1987-12-16
JPS6399378A (ja) 1988-04-30
ES2000118T3 (es) 1992-05-16
DE3774154D1 (de) 1991-12-05

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