EP0237448B1 - Werkstücke aus Aluminium und seinen Legierungen, wobei mindestens eine Fläche mindestens einen verschleissfesten Bereich enthält - Google Patents

Werkstücke aus Aluminium und seinen Legierungen, wobei mindestens eine Fläche mindestens einen verschleissfesten Bereich enthält Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0237448B1
EP0237448B1 EP87420053A EP87420053A EP0237448B1 EP 0237448 B1 EP0237448 B1 EP 0237448B1 EP 87420053 A EP87420053 A EP 87420053A EP 87420053 A EP87420053 A EP 87420053A EP 0237448 B1 EP0237448 B1 EP 0237448B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zones
castings according
width
wear
castings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87420053A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0237448A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Laslaz
Serge Terroni
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Pechiney Recherche GIE
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Pechiney Recherche GIE
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Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney Recherche GIE filed Critical Pechiney Recherche GIE
Priority to AT87420053T priority Critical patent/ATE43364T1/de
Publication of EP0237448A1 publication Critical patent/EP0237448A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0237448B1 publication Critical patent/EP0237448B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/903—Directly treated with high energy electromagnetic waves or particles, e.g. laser, electron beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/91—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics in pattern discontinuous in two dimensions, e.g. checkerboard pattern
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to aluminum parts and its alloys, at least one face of which has at least one region of wear-resistant zones.
  • the published French patent application 2 371 520 describes a method for treating a given exposed region of an article of aluminum or one of its alloys in the presence or not of an agent for alloy, with a laser beam or an electron beam of high energy (at least 10,000 watts / cm2) and of diameter between 250 and 12500 lim, so as to be able to heat the article in a first zone and to melt it in a second zone inside said first zone: a fine-grained structure is thus created at least in said zone, with the aim, inter alia, of improving wear resistance and eliminating or reducing deformations resulting from treatment.
  • Claim 24 of this patent states that "said beam is moved along several separate and spaced paths so as to affect areas forming spaced regions on the exposed surface of said article".
  • the treatment is applied to a casing of cast iron hardened by cementation and consists in directing on the latter a laser emitting a beam such that it forms a point with a diameter of 3000 li m.
  • Japanese patent application published under No. 59,212,572 also teaches a method of curing the inner surface of an internal combustion engine cylinder by means of a laser in which the area ratio of the untreated areas to the areas treated is preferably between 10 and 70% and the dimension of the treated areas is several mm.
  • zones suitable for friction can be obtained on parts by thermally treating their surface so as to locally obtain zones with a width exceeding 250 m.
  • the applicant has sought to develop aluminum parts and its alloys of which at least one face is treated by thermal melting effect so as to develop at least one region of zones resistant to wear and able to friction but such that they conceal very few surface stresses liable to develop cracks or other degradation during their use and also such that they can be used rough treatment, that is to say without rework, expensive operation and delicate on hardened parts and which, by its thermal and mechanical effects, can modify the structure of the treated area and, consequently, its tribological characteristics.
  • the aluminum parts and its alloys at least one face of which has at least one wear-resistant region on the surface consisting of a controlled distribution of zones hardened by localized melting effect are characterized in that said zones, whatever their length and shape, have a width and a depth of between 3 and 150 ⁇ m and that the surface fraction of the zones for each mm 2 of a region is between 5 and 60%.
  • the differences in dimensions between the zones and the inter-zone spaces do not exceed 10 ⁇ m, which therefore avoids any re-machining of the parts before use.
  • the treatment changes little the geometric profile of the treated part and only involves a slight change in the roughness.
  • the presence of spaces between the zones appreciably improves the ability of the parts to friction by creating on the surface and on a fine scale an alternation of hardened zones and soft spaces, a very effective arrangement generally in resistance to wear. by adhesion, fatigue or abrasion and also effective in friction since the soft inter-zone spaces constitute traps for lubricant, or even traps for wear debris.
  • the invention in fact involves in principle the statistical idea of reducing the width and depth of the zones and of separating them, the distribution on the scale of mm 2 and the shape of the zones having a second order effect with respect to with the width-depth effect and surface fraction.
  • the invention also includes the zones regularly arranged on the surface of the parts in the form of periodic or quasi-periodic arrays of bands, the width and the depth of which are obviously between 3 and 150 ⁇ .Lm.
  • the zones can be arranged in the form of continuous bands separated from each other by a distance of between 20 and 1000 wm, these bands having either any direction, or appearing at least one network of parallel bands.
  • these zones can also be arranged in the form of discontinuous strips separated along their length and from one another by a distance of between 20 and 1000 ⁇ m; these bands having as previously either any direction, or appearing at least one network of parallel bands.
  • the invention applies in particular to any aluminum alloy, the tribological properties of which can be improved by a surface melting treatment. It also applies to all parts where the zones consist of a molten aluminum alloy with a filler element or a filler compound such that said alloy has better tribological properties than the base alloy.
  • This element can be for example iron or nickel.
  • zones corresponding to the characteristics of the invention can be obtained by any process making it possible to locally modify by fusion-resolidification the nature or the structure of the surface of the part over a shallow depth and over a narrow width so as to give it by effect thermal and / or chemical better ability to friction.
  • Obtaining axial, circular or helical bands or any other shape can be easily achieved by controlling the relative movement of the part and the beam by means of a microprocessor.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show, with regard to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, different arrangements of zones produced according to the invention on a region of an active face of a part while FIG. 4 relates to a micrograph of a region portion of a part according to the invention and FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 to micrographic sections of parts according to the prior art (FIGS. 5 and 7) and according to the invention (fig. 6).
  • Parts in A-S5U3 that is to say containing by weight 5% of silicon, 3% of copper and the balance in aluminum and impurities
  • A-S17U4G (17% Si, 4% Cu, ⁇ 1 % Mg) produced in the same way were divided into two batches numbered 1 and 2, both comprising the two types of alloy.
  • Lot 1 was subjected to a laser treatment to obtain areas according to the prior art and lot 2 to another laser treatment to obtain areas according to the invention.
  • the parts according to the invention and which therefore have zones of small width and shallow depth have a rate of deformation of the surface profile such that it is no longer necessary to machine them.
  • the surface of the parts of lot 1 was treated according to overlapping unidirectional parallel bands (lot 1 A) or not (lot 1 B): distance between band 2000 lim) while that of lot 2 was treated according to a network of parallel bands crossing at right angles and spaced from each other by 200 jim.
  • the iron was replaced by a galvanic nickel deposit so as to produce a 10% nickel alloy on the surface after fusion and the parts of the 2 batches were subjected to friction-wear measurements. using the CAMERON-PLINT tribometer.
  • This tribometer consists of a segment in chromed cast iron which presses on the surface to be checked and which is driven in an alternating movement so as to approximate approximately the friction which occurs between the segments inserted in the piston and the jacket of an engine. internal combustion.
  • the support load was 100 N, the room temperature 100 ° C, the frequency of movement 12 Hz and the test time 30 min.
  • the surface was previously lubricated with an oil of the Neutral 150 type.
  • the present invention finds its application in the manufacture of aluminum parts and its alloys intended to be subjected to friction such as for example mechanical parts (engine liners and pistons, valve seats, brake drums and discs, toothed pulleys of transmission, dies, gears, bearings, spans of drive shafts, ball bearings, etc.) and electrical contact parts where friction and passage of electrical current are combined (connectors, sliding contact, electric motor collector , etc ).
  • mechanical parts engine liners and pistons, valve seats, brake drums and discs, toothed pulleys of transmission, dies, gears, bearings, spans of drive shafts, ball bearings, etc.
  • electrical contact parts where friction and passage of electrical current are combined

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Werkstücke aus Aluminium und seinen Legierungen, deren wenigstens eine Fläche an der Oberfläche wenigstens einen verschleißfesten Bereich aufweist, der aus einer gesteuerten Verteilung von durch örtliche Schmelzwirkung gehärteten Zonen gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese Zonen, welche auch immer ihre Länge und ihre Form seien, eine Breite und eine Tiefe im Bereich von 3 bis 150gm haben und daß der Oberflächenanteil der Zonen für jedes mm2 eines Bereichs im Bereich von 5 bis 60% ist.
2. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, wenn sich die Zonen kreuzen, der Überlappungsoberflächenanteil dieser Zonen für jedes mm2 eines Bereichs unter 50% der Gesamtoberfläche der Zonen ist.
3. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen eine Breite und eine Tiefe im Bereich von 10 bis 100 µm haben.
4. Werkstück nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen in Form zusammenhängender Streifen beliebiger Richtung angeordnet und voneinander durch einen Abstand im Bereich von 20 bis 1000 µm getrennt sind.
5. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen in Form wenigstens eines Netzes paralleler Streifen angeordnet sind.
6. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen in Form unzusammenhängender Streifen beliebiger Richtung angeordnet sind, die in ihrer Längsrichtung und voneinander durch einen Abstand im Bereich von 20 bis 1000 µm getrennt sind.
7. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen in Form wenigstens eines Netzes paralleler Streifen angeordnet sind.
8. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einer Legierung gebildet sind, deren Reibungseigenschaften durch eine oberflächliche Aufschmelzbehandlung verbesserbar sind.
9. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zonen aus einer Basismetalllegierung mit Zusatz eines Elements oder einer Verbindung der Art bestehen, daß diese Legierung bessere Reibungseigenschaften als das Basismetall hat.
10. Werkstücke nach dem Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zusatzverbindung zur Gruppe des Eisens oder des Nickels gehört.
11. Verfahren zum Erhalten von metallischen Werkstücken nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine derart fokussierte Laserstrahlung verwendet, daß durch Schmelzen Zonen einer Breite und einer Tiefe unter 150 µm geschaffen werden.
EP87420053A 1986-02-25 1987-02-23 Werkstücke aus Aluminium und seinen Legierungen, wobei mindestens eine Fläche mindestens einen verschleissfesten Bereich enthält Expired EP0237448B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87420053T ATE43364T1 (de) 1986-02-25 1987-02-23 Werkstuecke aus aluminium und seinen legierungen, wobei mindestens eine flaeche mindestens einen verschleissfesten bereich enthaelt.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603304 1986-02-25
FR8603304A FR2594852B1 (fr) 1986-02-25 1986-02-25 Pieces en aluminium et ses alliages dont une face au moins presente au moins une region de zones resistant a l'usure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237448A1 EP0237448A1 (de) 1987-09-16
EP0237448B1 true EP0237448B1 (de) 1989-05-24

Family

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EP87420053A Expired EP0237448B1 (de) 1986-02-25 1987-02-23 Werkstücke aus Aluminium und seinen Legierungen, wobei mindestens eine Fläche mindestens einen verschleissfesten Bereich enthält

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4750945A (de)
EP (1) EP0237448B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS62290883A (de)
AT (1) ATE43364T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1275762C (de)
DE (1) DE3760178D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2008703B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2594852B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3000014T3 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008019721A1 (de) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Mg-Micro Galva Gmbh Laseroxidieren von magnesium-, titan- oder aluminiumwerkstoffen
EP1921177A2 (de) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-14 AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH Erzeugung von Verschleissschutzschichten auf Werkstoffen aus sperrschichtbildenden Metallen oder deren Legierungen mittels Laserbehandlung

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5084964A (en) * 1989-07-28 1992-02-04 Wagner Spray Tech Corporation Aluminum die casting
DE69410906T2 (de) * 1993-08-28 1998-12-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.), Kobe Aluminiumlegierungsgussstück mit hoher Laserschweissbarkeit, Verbindung aus einem Aluminiumlegierungsguss und Verfahren zur Verbesserung eines Konstruktionselement aus Aluminiumlegierungsguss
EP0682156B2 (de) * 1994-05-09 2004-04-21 M. Schall GmbH + Co. KG Container
DE19650752C1 (de) * 1996-12-06 1998-03-05 Louis Renner Gmbh Kupfer-Chrom-Kontaktwerkstoff mit feinkörnig umgewandelter Oberfläche für elektrische Schaltkontakte und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
ES2225361T5 (es) * 2001-07-09 2011-03-23 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Pieza de trabajo con una superficie solicitable tribológicamente y procedimiento para la formación de una superficie de este tipo.
DE10202184C1 (de) * 2002-01-22 2003-05-28 Federal Mogul Nuernberg Gmbh Lasernitrieren von Aluminiumbasis-Verbundwerkstoffen
US20050092403A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-05 Lloyd David J. Functionally graded aluminum alloy sheet

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4157923A (en) * 1976-09-13 1979-06-12 Ford Motor Company Surface alloying and heat treating processes
GB1583835A (en) * 1977-03-28 1981-02-04 Avco Everett Res Lab Inc Metal surface modification
DE2835332C2 (de) * 1978-08-11 1982-06-24 Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Kolben mit einem Körper aus einer Aluminiumlegierung
US4348263A (en) * 1980-09-12 1982-09-07 Western Electric Company, Inc. Surface melting of a substrate prior to plating

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008019721A1 (de) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Mg-Micro Galva Gmbh Laseroxidieren von magnesium-, titan- oder aluminiumwerkstoffen
EP1921177A2 (de) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-14 AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH Erzeugung von Verschleissschutzschichten auf Werkstoffen aus sperrschichtbildenden Metallen oder deren Legierungen mittels Laserbehandlung
EP1921177A3 (de) * 2006-10-30 2011-03-16 AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH Erzeugung von Verschleissschutzschichten auf Werkstoffen aus sperrschichtbildenden Metallen oder deren Legierungen mittels Laserbehandlung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR3000014T3 (en) 1989-10-31
US4750945A (en) 1988-06-14
FR2594852A1 (fr) 1987-08-28
CA1275762C (fr) 1990-11-06
EP0237448A1 (de) 1987-09-16
DE3760178D1 (en) 1989-06-29
JPS6356313B2 (de) 1988-11-08
ES2008703B3 (es) 1989-08-01
FR2594852B1 (fr) 1988-04-29
JPS62290883A (ja) 1987-12-17
ATE43364T1 (de) 1989-06-15

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