EP0234159B1 - Geschoss mit pyrotechnischer Ladung und Mittel zu deren verzögerten Zündung - Google Patents

Geschoss mit pyrotechnischer Ladung und Mittel zu deren verzögerten Zündung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234159B1
EP0234159B1 EP86402937A EP86402937A EP0234159B1 EP 0234159 B1 EP0234159 B1 EP 0234159B1 EP 86402937 A EP86402937 A EP 86402937A EP 86402937 A EP86402937 A EP 86402937A EP 0234159 B1 EP0234159 B1 EP 0234159B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
axis
face
pyrotechnic
pyrotechnic charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86402937A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0234159A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Roger Jacques Evrard
Hubert Claude Gilles Calmettes
Noel Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Priority to AT86402937T priority Critical patent/ATE65126T1/de
Publication of EP0234159A1 publication Critical patent/EP0234159A1/de
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Publication of EP0234159B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234159B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/21—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using spring action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F42C15/192—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier rotatable in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile of the type housing a pyrotechnic charge and means for initiating said pyrotechnic charge by means of a delay pyrotechnic link chain, at least partially housed in a channel of a member movable at the rotation, inside the projectile, between a safety position in which the channel is oriented so that the pyrotechnic link chain is functionally isolated from the pyrotechnic charge and a cocking position in which the channel is oriented in such a way so that the pyrotechnic link chain is functionally connected to the pyrotechnic charge.
  • a spherical rotor is used as a movable member for rotation, mounted freely for rotation around a determined center in a spherical bearing of the projectile, and the aforementioned channel is arranged according to a diameter.
  • the friction which may occur between the rotor and its bearing has a decisive influence on the time which elapses between the release of the rotor and its arrival in the cocking position, and the difficulty of controlling these friction precisely leads to great imprecision in this time, that is to say in the distance traveled by the projectile from the firing means when the rotor reaches the cocking position; this imprecision is inadmissible in the case of projectiles whose pyrotechnic charge must be initiated at a comparatively small distance from the personnel and firing device because, in practice, one may have to choose to initiate the pyrotechnic charge at a distance from the personnel and firing device of the same order as the imprecision introduced by the absence of control over the time necessary for the rotor to gain the cocking position.
  • the rotor constituting the movable member for rotation can even come to a standstill relative to the projectile in a position which does not coincide not exactly with the arming position, which can hamper the operation of the pyrotechnic link chain to the point, even, of prohibiting outright the initiation of the pyrotechnic charge.
  • Guiding the movable member in rotation about a defined axis, fixed with respect to this member as with respect to the projectile, makes it possible to use mechanical means offering increased reliability to bring about the transition to the arming position. , in terms of time from the safety position to the arming position and in terms of the accuracy of the actual arming position compared to a desired cocking position so that, in particular, the characteristic arrangement of the invention can be adopted even when the pyrotechnic charge must be initiated after a relatively short course of the projectile from the personnel and firing device, taking into account this that the transition to the arming position must occur before the initiation of the pyrotechnic charge under normal operating conditions.
  • the channel has a first branch arranged along said axis and a second branch arranged substantially perpendicular to said axis, the first branch being in functional connection with priming means and the second branch being functionally connected to the pyrotechnic charge in the arming position and functionally isolated from the pyrotechnic charge in the safety position; in such a case, the pyrotechnic charge may comprise two payloads diametrically opposite with respect to said axis, the second branch of the channel passing right through said member perpendicular to said axis, perpendicular to the diametrical alignment of the two payloads in the safety position or following this alignment in the cocking position.
  • the cartridge implementing the invention has been illustrated in an application in which the pyrotechnic charge is an illuminating charge, and in which the cartridge is intended to be hung under an aircraft in order to eject the projectile vertically downwards in order to illuminate the ground or to dazzle a threat on the ground or in the air, after passing by this projectile, out of the socket, of a sufficient distance to avoid damage to the aircraft by splinters during the ignition of the pyrotechnic charge; however, the characteristic provisions of the invention could be applied to other types of cartridge or projectile without departing from the scope of the present invention; in particular, the illustrated cartridge could be used in other orientations, and the references to relative orientations or levels appearing in the continuation of the description should only be interpreted as language conveniences.
  • a longitudinal reference axis vertical in the example illustrated, has been designated by 1, the longitudinal cartridge case according to the invention by 2, and the projectile housed with longitudinal sliding in the cartridge, by 3 2.
  • the side face 21 of the groove 19 is hollowed out, in the direction of a radial approximation with respect to the axis 1, of a continuous annular groove 22, itself of revolution around the axis 1; in the direction of a radial approximation with respect to the axis 1, the face 18 of the wall 14 of the socket bottom is connected to a blind cavity 23 of the wall 14 of the socket bottom; this cavity 23 has a general shape of revolution around the axis 1 and is subdivided by a transverse wall 24 provided with longitudinal perforations 27 and situated at an intermediate level between those of the faces 17 and 18 of the wall 14 of the socket bottom , in a bottom zone 25, relatively closer to the face 16 and forming a bucket for receiving a pyrotechnic ejection composition 26, and in an outlet zone 28 in the face 18, which zone 28 constitutes, with a transverse face of the projectile 3 as will appear below, an expansion chamber for the gases released by the pyrotechnic ejection composition 26 and migrat
  • the projectile 3 will now be described in more detail.
  • this projectile 3 comprises an assembly of parts forming a whole integral, rigid, waterproof, or body 32.
  • this body 32 is delimited in the direction of a radial distance with respect to the axis 1 by a longitudinal external peripheral face 33, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1, with a diameter as close as possible to that of the end sections 8 and 9 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the sleeve 2 and a length, measured parallel to the axis 1, substantially equal to the distance separating the bottom face parallel to this axis of the groove 19 and the transverse face 13 of the end of the sleeve 2, so that the face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile 3 is in contact with the end sections 8 and 9 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the tubular wall 4 of the sleeve 2, and that this contact establishes a guidance of the projectile 3 to the longitudinal sliding relative to the sleeve 2; opposite respectively the section 8 and the section 9 of the face 6 in radial directions with reference to the axis 1, the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 is hollowed out by two annular grooves 234,235, of revolution around the axis
  • the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 is delimited in the immediate vicinity of the end face 13 of the sleeve 2 by connection with a transverse end face 34, in the form of a flat disc perpendicular to the axis 1 and, in the immediate vicinity of the bottom face 20 of the groove 19, by connection with a transverse end face 35, annular, plane, of revolution around the axis 1 to which this face 35 is perpendicular;
  • the face 35 placed directly opposite the face 20 and in contact with the latter, connects the outer peripheral face 33, in the direction of a radial approximation with respect to the axis 1, to a flank face 36 cylindrical of revolution around the axis 1 towards which it is turned, with a diameter sufficiently close to that of the side face 21 of the groove 19 lest there be established, between the faces 21 and 36, contact with possibility relative longitudinal sliding;
  • the flank face 36 for its part connects the end face 35, in the direction of approximation with respect to the face 34, to an end face 37 of the body
  • the body 32 is longitudinally subdivided into three sections, on the basis of two longitudinally extreme sections 40 and 41, closer respectively to the face 37 and the face 34, and a longitudinally central section 42.
  • the two end sections 40 and 41 are hollow and delimit, respectively on either side of the central section 32, two sealed cavities 43, 44 which are strictly symmetrical to each other with respect to a plane 245 perpendicular to the axis 1 and located midway between the faces 34 and 37 (this plane coincides with one of the half-sectional planes identified in III-III in FIG. 1); each of the cavities 43 and 44 also has a form of revolution around the axis 1.
  • the two end sections 40, 41 delimit the cavities 43, 44, along the transverse end faces 37, 34 of the body 32, by respective transverse walls. 262, 263 identical and mechanically weakened in an identical manner, with respect to the walls delimiting these cavities moreover, that is to say along the cylindrical outer peripheral face 33 of the body and along the central section 42; for this purpose, in the example illustrated, each of the walls 262, 263 has a decreasing thickness in the direction of a rimpedement with respect to axis 1, until it reaches its intersection with axis 1 a minimum thickness, measured longitudinally with reference to the respectively corresponding transverse end face 37, 34; this thickness is reduced, in particular in the immediate vicinity of axis 1, to a value less than the thickness of the walls further delimiting the cavities by arrangement, in each of the transverse end faces 37, 34, of several notches identical rectilinear, respectively 260 and 261, preferably at least three in number and for example six or eight in number, oriented radially with respect to the axis
  • the two cavities 43 and 44 thus defined contain useful pyrotechnic charges, respectively 45 and 46, of the same volume, of the same mass, of the same composition, which together constitute the charge.
  • useful pyrotechnic charges respectively 45 and 46, of the same volume, of the same mass, of the same composition, which together constitute the charge.
  • pyrotechnic illuminating the projectile 3 thus symmetrically distributed on either side of the central section 42 so that, during the ignition of this charge, it applies to the central section 42 antagonistic forces which prevent the ejection of 'fragments of this central section 42 towards the launcher aircraft, or any other launcher device as well as towards the launch personnel.
  • Initiation means 47 provided for this purpose are housed in the central section 42, which has, for receiving them, an interior cavity 48 sealed with respect to the two cavities 43 and 44.
  • the central section 42 of the projectile 3 and the means 47 for initiating the payloads 45 and 46 are more particularly visible in FIGS. 2 and 3, to which reference will preferably be made for the remainder of the description.
  • the cavity 48 of the central section 42 of the projectile 3 is itself subdivided in a sealed manner into two chambers 49 and 50 mutually juxtaposed along an axis 51 intersecting from the axis 1 and located in the plane 245, that is to say perpendicular to axis 1; for this purpose is provided inside the cavity 48 a sealed partition 52 perpendicular to the axis 51 and offset along this axis relative to the axis 1 so that the chamber 50, closed in a sealed manner, is intersecting of this axis and that the chamber 49, sealed vis-à-vis the chamber 50 but not vis-à-vis the outside of the projectile 3, is in turn entirely located on the same side of axis 1 in direction 51; the watertight partition 52 is fixed relative to the rest of the body 32 of the projectile 3.
  • the chamber 49 opens into the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile 3 by a lumen 53 having an oblong shape parallel to the axis 1, with an advantageously rectangular section perpendicular to the axis 51; inside the cavity 48, the chamber 49 is delimited around the lumen 53 by a face 54 facing the axis 1 and having the shape of a part of cylinder of revolution around this axis 1, which face 54 defines a shoulder on average perpendicular to the axis 51, around the lumen 53; the chamber 49 is moreover delimited by a cylindrical face 55 of revolution about the axis 51, which face 55 connects the face 54, in the direction of approximation with respect to the axis 1 parallel to the axis 51, to an annular face 56, of revolution about the axis 51 to which it is perpendicular, that the partition 52 has in the direction of a distance from axis 1 along axis 51; this face 56 itself connects the face 55, in the direction of a
  • a percussion inside the chamber 49 is mounted, sliding along the axis 51, a part 60 grouping, in a one-piece assembly, a flyweight 61 disposed in the chamber 49, a striker 62 disposed on the side of the counterweight 61 turned towards the axis 1 along the axis 51, and a finger 63 disposed on the side of the counterweight 61 turned in the direction of a distance from the axis 1 along the axis 51.
  • the counterweight 61 having a general shape of revolution around the axis 51, is delimited in the direction of a radial distance from it by a cylindrical outer peripheral face 64 of revolution around the axis 51 with a diameter as close as possible to that of the cylindrical face 55 of the chamber 49 so that between the faces 64 and 55 a contact for guiding the part 60 is made to slide along the axis 51 relative to the body 33 of projectile 3; in the direction of approximation with respect to the axis 1, that is to say towards the partition 52, the face 64 of the counterweight 61 is delimited by connection with a plane face 65, perpendicular to the 'axis 51, which face 65 has directly opposite the annular face 56, parallel to the axis 51, a groove 66 of revolution about the axis 51 while this face 65 has projecting along this axis 51, directly in look of the primer 58, the striker 62 for example of hemispherical shape, centered on the axis 51; the groove 66 receives
  • the finger 63 forms a projection along the axis 51 with respect to this face 68 and has, perpendicularly to the axis 51, a rectangular section inscribed in the section of the lumen 53, so that when the counterweight 61 is supported by the face 68 against the face 54 of the chamber 49, the finger 63 engages freely in the lumen 53; along the axis 51, the finger 63 has a length greater than the distance then separating the face 68 and the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32, so that the finger 63 has opposite its connection to the counterweight 61 according to the axis 51 an end zone 69 projecting from the projectile 3, relative to the outer peripheral face 33 thereof.
  • the projection thus formed by the end zone 69 of the finger 63 relative to the external peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile 3 has along the axis 51 a value greater than the difference between the respective diameters of the face 33 and of the central section 7 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the tubular wall 4 of the sleeve 2, although less than the difference between the respective diameters of the face 33 and the outer peripheral face 5 of the above-mentioned tubular wall 4, and the projecting end 69 of the finger 63 is received in a groove rectilinear 70, parallel to the axis 1, arranged in the central section 7 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the tubular wall 4, of an area located directly opposite the central section 42 of the body 32 of the projectile 3 up to l 'shoulder 12 for connecting the central section 7 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the tubular wall 4 with the end section 9 of this face 6; having parallel to an average longitudinal plane coincident with the cutting plane of Figures 1 and 2 of the sides 71 sufficiently spaced
  • the facet 74 and the shoulder 12 together constitute a cam surface which converges with the axis 1 in the direction of ejection 73 and which, when the projectile 3 moves in the direction of ejection 73 relative to the sleeve 2 , with sliding of the end 69 of the finger 63 in the same direction on the bottom 72 of the groove 70, intercepts the end 69 of the finger 63 and, by causing the end 69 of the finger 63 to retract with respect to the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile 3, communicates to the whole of the part 60 a pulse directed towards the axis 1 along the axis 51, with kinetic energy which is all the higher as the speed at which l end 69 of finger 63 crosses the cam path thus formed by facet 74 and the shoulder 12 is raised; naturally, the spring 67 opposes such a movement of the part 60 but it is calibrated so that it allows the movement of this part until the striker 62 strikes the primer 58 and initiates it from a predetermined threshold for the speed
  • the groove 70 would be eliminated, and the difference between the respective diameters of the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile and of the central section 7 of the inner peripheral face 6 of the tubular wall 4 would be chosen substantially equal to the value of the projection formed by the end 69 of the finger 63 relative to the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile when the flyweight 61 is supported by the face 68 against the face 54; the whole of the recess formed by the central section 7, with respect to the end sections 8 and 9, would then play the same role as the bottom 72 of the groove 70 described above, and the shoulder 12 alone would constitute the cam track whose crossing the end 69 of the finger 63 when the projectile is ejected would give the part 60 the aforementioned impulse.
  • an inertial lock 75 has been provided preventing the movement of the part 60 from its position released from the primer 58, or position in which the end 69 of the finger 63 is protruding from the peripheral face outside 33 of the body 32 of the projectile, in its percussion position of the primer 58 if the projectile 3 does not otherwise undergo longitudinal acceleration in the direction 73.
  • the bore 77 is delimited in the direction of a radial distance with respect to the axis 78 by a cylindrical face 79 of revolution around the axis 76, which face 79 connects the cylindrical face 55 of the chamber 49 to a face planar annular 80, perpendicular to the axis 76 and turned in the direction of a distance from the chamber 49 along this axis 76;
  • the face 80 connects the face 79, in the direction of a radial distance with respect to the face 76, to
  • a counterweight 83 having for this purpose an outer peripheral face 84 cylindrical of revolution around the axis 76 with a diameter as close as possible to that of the face 81 so that there is established between the faces 81 and 84 a guide contact with relative sliding along the axis 76;
  • the face 84 is delimited, parallel to the axis 76, by connection with two flat annular faces 85 and 86, of revolution about the axis 76 to which they are perpendicular, the face 85 being placed opposite the face 82 while the face 86 is placed opposite the face 80;
  • the distance separating the faces 85 and 86 parallel to the axis 76 is less than the distance separating the faces 82 and 80 parallel to this axis, in order to allow movement of the counterweight 83 along the axis 76 inside room 78;
  • a helical compression spring 87 of axis 76, bearing on the one hand against the face 82 of the chamber 78 and on the other hand in
  • the housing 59 provided for the primer 58 inside the partition 52 extends towards the axis 1, along the axis 51, by a fire transmission channel 90, opening itself in the direction of approximation with respect to axis 1 in an expansion chamber 91 also arranged in the partition 52; in this expansion chamber 91, which is also closed in leaktight manner, also opens, directly opposite the channel 90 along the axis 51, a fire transmission channel 92, arranged along the axis 51 in the partition 52 and opening out by elsewhere in a face 93 which delimits the partition 52 towards the axis 1 and towards the chamber 50; successively in a direction going from the chamber 91 towards the chamber 50, the channel 92 contains, in a manner integral with the partition 52, a pyrotechnic delay 94, placed directly opposite the primer 58, and a pyrotechnic relay 95 directly adjacent to face 93.
  • the face 93 is flat, perpendicular to the axis 51, and against it is supported, with the possibility of relative sliding, a face 97, also flat and perpendicular to the axis 51, of a detonator-carrying wheel 96 constituting a additional safety device, which will now be described.
  • This wheel 96 delimited on the side of the partition 92 by the face 97 of annular shape, planar, essentially of revolution around the axis 51 to which it is perpendicular, is delimited in the direction of a distance from the axis 51 by a face 98 essentially cylindrical of revolution around this axis 51, with a diameter compatible with its housing inside the chamber 50, which face 98 connects the face 97, in the direction of a distance from the partition 52 parallel to the axis 51, to a flat face 99, perpendicular to the axis 51 and of generally annular shape of revolution around this axis 51; this face 99 occupies a position symmetrical to that of the face 97 with respect to a longitudinal plane 100, including the axis 1 and arranged perpendicular to the axis 51; despite its generally cylindrical shape of revolution around the axis 51, the face 98 has two diametrically opposite flats with reference to the axis 51, respectively 101 and 102, which flats are perpendicular to
  • This channel 105 has the general shape of a T when it is seen, as is the case in FIG. 3, in section through a plane including the axes 51 and 103, this shape being defined by a branch 107 penetrating into the mass of the wheel 96 from the mouth 106 in the face 97 thereof, along the axis 51, and by two arms 108 and 109 located in the extension of one another, along the axis 103, respectively on either side of the branch 107 and connecting the latter respectively to the mouth 103 in the flat 101 and to the mouth 104 in the flat 102; in a direction from the branch 107, that is to say from the axis 51, towards its mouth respectively 103 or 104, along the axis 103, each of the branches 108 and 109 successively contains, integral with the detonator-carrying wheel 96, a pyrotechnic relay, respectively 110, 111 connected by branch 107 to relay 95, and a pyrotechnic detonator, respectively 112, 113, directly adjacent to
  • the detonator wheel 96 occupies the illustrated orientation, in which the axis 103 is perpendicular to the axis 1, so that the mouths 103 and 104 of the branches 108 and 109 of the channel 105 are as far as possible from the payloads 45 and 46, and mechanical arming means are provided to cause a rotation of the detonator-carrying wheel 96 around the axis 51 relative to the body 32 of the projectile 3, over 90 °, in order to align the axis 103 with the axis 101 and thus place the mouths 103 and 104 of the channel 105 opposite the payload 46 and the payload 45, respectively, as shown schematically by a partial representation, in phantom, of the branches 109 and 108 in FIG. 2, after a predetermined time has elapsed following the total ejection of the projectile 3 from the sleeve 2 .
  • the detonator-carrying wheel 96 carries integrally, projecting from its face 99 along the axis 51, a rod 114 having successively, from the face 109 along the axis 51, sections 115, 116 , and 117 each of which is delimited, in the direction of a distance from the axis 51, by a peripheral face, respectively 118, 119, 120, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 51 with a diameter of the face 120 lower than that of face 118, itself lower than that of face 119, itself lower than that of face 98 of the detonator wheel 96; the face 119 is connected by annular, planar faces, of revolution about the axis 51, respectively 121 and 122, to the faces 118 and 120 whereas, opposite to its connection by the face 122 to the next face 119 the axis 51, the face 120 is connected to an end face 123, flat and perpendicular to the axis 51, of the rod 114.
  • the body 32 of the projectile 3 carries integrally, inside the chamber 50, opposite the partition 52 with respect to the axis 1, a partition 124 located approximately halfway between the wheel detonator holder 96 and a face 126 symmetrically disposed on face 54 with respect to axis 1 and delimiting chamber 50 in the direction of a radial distance from this axis 1 along axis 51, which partition 124 is drilled along axis 51 a bore 125; this bore 125 has two sections 126 and 127 delimited towards the axis 51 by internal peripheral faces 128 and 129, one and the other cylindrical of revolution around the axis 51; the face 129, corresponding to the section 127 closest to the axis 1, has a diameter greater than that of the face 119 of the section 116 of the rod 114, while the face 128 of the section 126 farthest from the axis 1 has a diameter as close as possible to that of the face 120 of the section 117 of the rod 114, to ensure with this face
  • a hairpin spring 131 wound around the face 118 of the section 115 and of the rod 114 and having a first end 132 secured to the body 32 by fitting into an appropriate housing 133 thereof and a second end 134 secured to the detonator carrier wheel 96 by fitting into a complementary housing 135 provided in the face 99 of this wheel 96, is prestressed when the axis 103 is perpendicular to the axis 101, in order to elastically tend to cause the rotation of the detonator carrier wheel 96 in a position of alignment of the axis 103 with the axis 100; advantageously, the pretension of the hairpin spring 131 is such that the spring remains under stress even when the axis 103 is aligned with the axis 101.
  • Such a rotation leading to the alignment of the axis 103 with the axis 1 is prevented, as long as a predetermined time has not elapsed after the projectile 3 has left the casing 2, by a clock timer 136 with which the detonator-carrying wheel 96 cooperates by means of a conical pinion 137 which the rod 114 carries integrally, by its section 117, between the partition 124 and the face 126 of the chamber 50; this pinion 137 meshes with another bevel pinion 138 which in turn is mounted for rotation about an axis 139 parallel to the axis 1, relative to the body 32 of the projectile 3, and which itself carries a straight pinion 140 in engagement, by means of a reduction gear train designated by the general reference 141, with an escapement wheel 142 mounted for rotation relative to to the body 32 of the projectile 3, in the chamber 50, around an axis 143 parallel to the axis 1; this wheel 142 cooperates with an anchor 143 also mounted for rotation relative to the body 32,
  • the anchor 143 is immobilized against a rotation about the axis 144 relative to the body 32 of the projectile 3, by a stud 145 then immobilized relative to the body 32 of the projectile 3, which prevents any rotation of the escape wheel 142 and, by the same, of the detonator-carrying wheel 96.
  • the stud 145 is carried integrally by a finger 146 essentially housed in a blind hole 147 arranged in the body 32 of the projectile 3 in a direction 148 approximately radial with respect to the axis 101, which blind hole 147 opens into the outer peripheral face 33 of the body 32 of the projectile;
  • the blind hole 147 is for example arranged in a partition 150 secured to the body 32, in the immediate vicinity of the anchor 143, and has a bottom face 149 plane, perpendicular to the axis 148, and a peripheral face 151 cylindrical of revolution around axis 148; additionally, the finger 146 is delimited by an outer peripheral face 152 which is cylindrical of revolution around the axis
  • the stud 145 is carried integrally by the finger 146, perpendicular to the axis 148, and passes through the partition 150, from the hole 147 and towards the anchor 143, via a light 157 arranged in the partition 150, with an oblong shape parallel to the axis 148; parallel to this axis, the lumen 157 has sufficient dimensions so that, from its position of immobilization of the anchor 143 illustrated in FIG.
  • the stud 145 can perform parallel to the axis 148, jointly with the finger 146 when the latter is released vis-à-vis the inner peripheral face 6 of the sleeve 2, a sufficient stroke to completely release the anchor 143; an appropriate dimensioning is in the domain of the normal aptitudes of a skilled person.
  • the anchor 143 As soon as the anchor 143 is released from the stud 145, it authorizes a controlled rotation of the escape wheel 142 around the axis 143 and of the detonator-carrying wheel 96 around the axis 51, under the spring drive 131.
  • the pinion 140 has a toothing only on a part of its periphery, meshing with the gear train 141 on the one hand when the axis 103 is perpendicular to the axis 1 and, from this orientation, on part of the 90 ° angle of rotation necessary for the passage from this orientation to an alignment orientation of the axis 103 with the axis 1, to establish a rotation regulated by the escapement wheel 142 - anchor 143 assembly during the crossing of this part of angular course, to then release totally the detonator-carrying wheel 96 with respect to the continuation of the rotation around the axis 51 under the action of the spring 131, until the axis 103 is aligned with the axis 1.
  • the pyrotechnic delay 94 and the clock timer 136 are designed in a manner easily accessible by a person skilled in the art, as to the delays which they must introduce respectively in the initiation of the detonators 112 and 113 via the relays 110 and 111 with respect to percussion of the primer 58 at the crossing of the cam path 12-74 by the end 69 of the finger 63 at a sufficient speed and in alignment with the axis 103 with the axis 1 relative to the clearance of the finger 146 vis-à-vis the wall 4 of the socket 2, so that the alignment of the axis 103 with the axis 1 occurs at the latest before the end of the combustion of the pyrotechnic relay 94, taking into account the tolerances admissible in their manufacture.
  • the rotation of the detonator-carrying wheel 96 around the axis 51 relative to the body 32 of the projectile 3 when the axis 103 is aligned with the axis 1 can be stopped by means of any stop system, and for example by coming from a stud 157, carried in a solid manner by the detonator-carrying wheel 96, projecting on its face 99 parallel to the axis 51 inside the chamber 50, against a counterpart abutment 158 secured to the body 32 of the projectile 3 inside the chamber 50, in a suitable position that can easily be determined by a person skilled in the art.
  • the igniter 29 is initiated, which itself initiates the pyrotechnic ejection composition 126, which emits gases which accumulate in the expansion chamber 28 passing through the perforations 27 in the wall 24.
  • the projectile 3 begins to move in the direction 73, along the axis 1, inside the sleeve 2.
  • the counterweight 83 causes the end 89 of the finger 88 to retract with respect to the face 55 of the chamber 49 and maintains this retraction at least until the projectile 3 is completely removed from the socket 2.
  • the shock wave does not pass directly to the weakened partitions 258 and 259, which are calculated so as not to destroying itself in such a case, so that the transmission of fire does not take place towards payloads 45 and 46; this provides protection against a failure of the pyrotechnic delay 94, leading to a too short initiation time of the detonators 112 and 113, assuming that the ejection was carried out with an acceleration and a speed sufficient to cause on the one hand the retraction of the end 89 of the finger 88 and on the other hand the percussion of the primer 58 by the striker 62 of the part 60.
  • the percussion cannot be perform so that after the expiration of the alignment time of the axis 103 with the axis 100, there can be no ignition of the payloads 45 and 46.
  • this conflagration of the two charges arranged symmetrically with respect to the central section 42 applies to this last symmetrical efforts which avoid its projection for example towards the personnel and the launching device.
  • This effect is reinforced by the mechanical weakening of the walls 262, 263 delimiting the cavities 43, 44 at the level of the transverse end faces 37, 34 of the body 32 of the projectile by the notches 260, 261; in fact, this weakening favors a tearing of these walls 262, 263, in the form of petals, as a priority in comparison with the walls further delimiting the cavities 43 and 44 when the payloads 45 and 46 ignite, and this tearing walls 262 and 263 longitudinally channels the flows resulting from the conflagration of the charges 45, 46, respectively and translates them into symmetrical, antagonistic longitudinal forces, applied to the central section 42.
  • a single payload could be provided, arranged on one side of a projectile section containing initiation means 47 at all points similar to those which have just been described, with the exception that channel 105 would no longer have a T shape, but an L shape; all the advantages which have been mentioned above would then be retained, with the exception of the advantage linked to the symmetry of the device illustrated in the figures.

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Claims (13)

  1. Geschoß, in dem untergebracht sind:
    - eine pyrotechnische Ladung (45, 46),
    - Mittel (47) zum Zünden der genannten pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) mittels einer pyrotechnischen Verbindungskette (90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 105, 110, 111, 112, 113, 152, 159), die einen Kanal (105) eines Organs (96) aufweist, das für eine Drehung innerhalb des Geschosses (3) um eine definierte Achse (51), die relativ zum genannten Organ (96) und zum Geschoß (3) festgelegt ist, geführt ist, und zwar zwischen einer Sicherheitsstellung, in der der Kanal (105) so ausgerichtet ist, daß die pyrotechnische Verbindungskette (90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 105, 110, 111, 112, 113, 152, 159) funktionsmäßig von der pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) getrennt ist, und einer geschärften Stellung, in der der Kanal (105) so ausgerichtet ist, daß die pyrotechnische Verbindungskette (90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 105, 110, 111, 112, 113, 152, 159) funktionsmäßig mit der pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) verbunden ist,
    - Mittel (131) für dauernde elastische Vorspannung des Organs (96) für eine Drehung in die geschärfte Stellung um die genannte Achse (51),
    - Mittel (136 bis 147) zum Rückhalten des genannten Organs (96) in der Sicherheitsstellung entgegen der Vorspannung der genannten elastischen Vorspannmittel (131) zumindest bis zum Abschuß des Geschosses (3),
    - Mittel (146) zum Ermitteln des Abschusses des Geschosses (3) und um sodann das genannte Organ (96) gegenüber einer Drehung in die geschärfte Stellung freizugeben,
    - Mittel, die bezüglich der Drehung des genannten Organs (96) relativ zum Geschoß (3) in die geschärfte Stellung ein der genannten Vorspannung entgegenwirkendes Gegenlager bilden,
    - mechanische Mittel (136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143), um den Übergang des genannten Organs (96) in die geschärfte Stellung relativ zum Abschuß des Geschosses (3) zu verzögern,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte pyrotechnische Verbindungskette (90, 91, 92, 94, 95, 105, 110, 111, 112, 113, 152, 159) pyrotechnische Mittel (94) aufweist, die in die Zündung der genannten pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) eine Verzögerung relativ zum Abschuß des Geschosses (3) einführen, und daß die zum Verzögern des Übergangs des genannten Organs (96) in die geschärfte Stellung vorgesehenen mechanischen Mittel (136, 137, 138, 139, 140) Mittel (136, 137, 138, 139, 140) aufweisen, die das genannte Organ (96) zumindest in der Sicherheitsstellung und bei Stellungen des genannten Organs (96), die unmittelbar der Sicherheitsstellung benachbart sind, mit Dreh-Regulatormitteln (142, 143) verbinden, um in den Übergang des genannten Organs (96) in die geschärfte Stellung eine Verzögerung relativ zum Abschuß des Geschosses (3) einzuführen, wobei die genannte Verzögerung so gewählt ist, daß das genannte Organ (96) bei normalen Funktionsbedingungen spätestens vor der Zündung der genannten pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) in die geschärfte Stellung gelangt.
  2. Geschoß nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regulatormittel (142, 143) von der Art eines Uhrwerks sind.
  3. Geschoß nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Organ (96) gegenüber den Dreh-Regulatormitteln (142, 143) in der geschärften Stellung und bei Stellungen des genannten Organs (96) frei ist, die unmittelbar der geschärften Stellung benachbart sind.
  4. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (136 bis 147) zum Rückhalten des genannten Organs (96) in der Sicherheitsstellung aus Mitteln (145) zum Blockieren der genannten Regulatormittel (142, 143) bestehen.
  5. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem der Abschuß des Geschosses (3) durch Längsverschiebung desselben innerhalb einer rohrförmigen Wandung (4) geschieht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (146) zum Ermitteln des Abschusses des Geschosses (3) und zum darauf folgenden Freigeben des genannten Organs (96) gegenüber einer Drehung in die geschärfte Stellung eine transversale Bohrung (147), die in einer Längswand (33) des Geschosses (3) mündet, einen transversalen Zapfen (146), der für eine transversale Verschiebung in der genannten Bohrung (147) angeordnet ist, Mittel (155) zum elastischen Vorspannen des Zapfens (146) im Sinne eines transversalen Vorspringens relativ zur genannten Längswand (33) des Geschosses (3) und Mittel für eine funktionsmäßige Verbindung zwischen dem genannten Zapfen (146) und den genannten Rückhaltemitteln (145) aufweisen, dergestalt, daß die genannten Rückhaltemittel (145) einen Zustand des Rückhaltens des genannten Organs (96) in der Sicherheitsstellung einnehmen, wenn der genannte Zapfen (146) sich gegen die genannte rohrförmige Wandung (4) abstützt, und daß die genannten Rückhaltemittel (145) durch eine transversale Verschiebebewegung des Zapfens (146) im Sinne der Bildung eines Vorsprungs relativ zur genannten Längswand (33) des Geschosses (3) einen Zustand der Freigabe des genannten Organs erreichen.
  6. Geschoß nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückhaltemittel (145) aus einem Stift bestehen, der unmittelbar mit den Zapfen (146) verbunden ist.
  7. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kanal (105) einen ersten Zweig (107) aufweist, der längs der genannten Achse (51) verläuft, und einen zweiten Zweig (108, 109) aufweist, der im wesentlichen senkrecht zur genannten Achse (51) verläuft, daß der erste Zweig (107) funktionsmäßig mit Zündmitteln (58) in Verbindung ist und der zweite Zweig (108, 109) in der geschärften Stellung funktionsmäßig mit der pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) in Verbindung und in der Sicherheitsstellung funktionsmäßig von der pyrotechnischen Ladung (45, 46) getrennt ist.
  8. Geschoß nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die pyrotechnische Ladung (45, 46) zwei Nutzladungen (45, 46) aufweist, die diametral relativ zur genannten Achse (51) entgegengesetzt sind, und daß der zweite Zweig (108, 109) des Kanals (105) nach der einen und nach der anderen Seite hin senkrecht zu der genannten Achse (51) verläuft und zu der diametralen Ausrichtlinie (1) der beiden Nutzladungen (45, 46) in der Sicherheitsstellung senkrecht und in der geschärften Stellung längs dieser Ausrichtlinie (1) verläuft.
  9. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Achse (51) transversal in Bezug zu einer longitudinalen Richtung (1) des Abschusses des Geschosses (3) verläuft.
  10. Geschoß nach Anspruch 9 in Kombination mit Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die pyrotechnische Ladung (45, 46) relativ zu der genannten Achse (51) längs einer longitudinalen Abschußrichtung (1) des Geschosses (3) versetzt ist und daß der zweite Zweig (108, 109) des Kanals (105) in der Sicherheitsstellung transversal und in der geschärften Stellung longitudinal ausgerichtet ist.
  11. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kanal (105) Sprengzündmittel (112, 113) für die pyrotechnische Ladung (45, 46) enthält.
  12. Geschoß nach Anspruch 11 in Kombination mit einem der Ansprüche 7, 8 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprengzündmittel (112, 113) in dem zweiten Zweig (108, 109) des Kanals (105) untergebracht sind.
  13. Geschoß nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte pyrotechnische Ladung (45, 46) eine Beleuchtungsladung ist.
EP86402937A 1985-12-27 1986-12-24 Geschoss mit pyrotechnischer Ladung und Mittel zu deren verzögerten Zündung Expired - Lifetime EP0234159B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86402937T ATE65126T1 (de) 1985-12-27 1986-12-24 Geschoss mit pyrotechnischer ladung und mittel zu deren verzoegerten zuendung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8519323A FR2592474B1 (fr) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Projectile du type logeant une charge pyrotechnique et des moyens d'initiation retardee de cette derniere.
FR8519323 1985-12-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234159A1 EP0234159A1 (de) 1987-09-02
EP0234159B1 true EP0234159B1 (de) 1991-07-10

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86402937A Expired - Lifetime EP0234159B1 (de) 1985-12-27 1986-12-24 Geschoss mit pyrotechnischer Ladung und Mittel zu deren verzögerten Zündung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4729316A (de)
EP (1) EP0234159B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE65126T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3680201D1 (de)
DK (1) DK629386A (de)
ES (1) ES2023822B3 (de)
FI (1) FI88072C (de)
FR (1) FR2592474B1 (de)
GR (1) GR3002861T3 (de)
NO (1) NO865288L (de)
PT (1) PT84034B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19914670A1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-05 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Elektronisch-mechanische Anzündverzögerung für patronierte pyrotechnische Scheinzielmunition
SE532063C2 (sv) * 2008-10-14 2009-10-13 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Verkansanordning för olika verkanseffekter och förfarande därför
PE20130595A1 (es) * 2011-10-14 2013-05-09 Famesa Explosivos S A C Tubo de transmision de senal con sello de retencion de iniciacion inversa
US11287232B2 (en) 2019-12-12 2022-03-29 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Additively manufactured self-destructive delay device

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US1090007A (en) * 1913-10-01 1914-03-10 Krupp Ag Luminous projectile.
FR1017505A (fr) * 1950-03-02 1952-12-11 Dispositif pour lancer des projectiles, tels que des bombes, torpilles, grenades, fusées et analogues, et projectiles particuliers convenant à cet effet
US2960037A (en) * 1952-01-23 1960-11-15 Jr Harry Raech Safety arming device for explosive missiles
NL107545C (de) * 1960-04-02
US3326132A (en) * 1965-06-16 1967-06-20 Honeywell Inc Delay fuze for spinning projectiles
US3451306A (en) * 1967-01-26 1969-06-24 Susquehanna Corp Safe and arm ejection system
US3636880A (en) * 1968-12-13 1972-01-25 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus
FR2070544A5 (de) * 1969-12-09 1971-09-10 Serat
CH517932A (fr) * 1970-05-14 1972-01-15 Mefina Sa Fusée pour projectile non giratoire
US3633510A (en) * 1970-08-05 1972-01-11 Us Navy Dual mode fuze explosive train
FR2130814A5 (de) * 1971-03-22 1972-11-10 Serat
US3763785A (en) * 1972-03-20 1973-10-09 Us Navy Mal-assembly feature for explosive train fuzes
BE800881A (fr) * 1973-06-14 1973-12-14 Prb Sa Detonateur a micro-retard pour fusees balistiques et fusees ainsi equipees
FR2280878A1 (fr) * 1974-08-01 1976-02-27 France Etat Relais pyrotechnique de securite temporise
GB1534134A (en) * 1975-12-12 1978-11-29 Lacroix Soc E Lure launching cartridges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2592474B1 (fr) 1989-12-01
FI865306A0 (fi) 1986-12-23
EP0234159A1 (de) 1987-09-02
ES2023822B3 (es) 1992-02-16
FI865306A (fi) 1987-06-28
DK629386A (da) 1987-06-28
DK629386D0 (da) 1986-12-23
ATE65126T1 (de) 1991-07-15
NO865288L (no) 1987-06-29
GR3002861T3 (en) 1993-01-25
PT84034B (pt) 1993-05-31
DE3680201D1 (de) 1991-08-14
NO865288D0 (no) 1986-12-23
FI88072C (fi) 1993-03-25
FI88072B (fi) 1992-12-15
PT84034A (pt) 1987-08-19
FR2592474A1 (fr) 1987-07-03
US4729316A (en) 1988-03-08

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