EP0226687A1 - Method for printing sheet-like material - Google Patents

Method for printing sheet-like material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226687A1
EP0226687A1 EP19850420219 EP85420219A EP0226687A1 EP 0226687 A1 EP0226687 A1 EP 0226687A1 EP 19850420219 EP19850420219 EP 19850420219 EP 85420219 A EP85420219 A EP 85420219A EP 0226687 A1 EP0226687 A1 EP 0226687A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
dye
suction
stencil
article
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19850420219
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0226687B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Papapietro
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to FR8409267A priority Critical patent/FR2565607B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE8585420219T priority patent/DE3579818D1/en
Priority to EP19850420219 priority patent/EP0226687B1/en
Publication of EP0226687A1 publication Critical patent/EP0226687A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0226687B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226687B1/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/02Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by spraying or projecting
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/02Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length
    • D06B5/08Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through moving materials of indefinite length through fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for embellishing by dyeing fabrics such as fabrics, knits, nonwovens or similar articles in the form of a breathable sheet; it also relates to a device allowing the implementation of this process.
  • the most commonly used solution consists of using a thickener.
  • FR-A-2 319 433 has also been proposed (as well as to a certain extent in FR-A-2 420 432) embellishment methods by coloring fabrics or similar products which consist in laying flat the article to be embellished, subjected to a suction and to project the dye against the surface by means of nozzles.
  • the dye is delivered in the form of liquid jets or in the form of spraying.
  • the jet the nozzle is as close as possible to the fabric and the printing dispenses with stencil.
  • a stencil is used which allows only finely drawn drawings on thick supports (carpet), this because of the propensity that a liquid has to fuse.
  • the method according to the invention consists in flattening the fabric to be embellished, in producing a suction under this fabric and in projecting the coloring matter against its surface by means of nozzles and it is characterized by the fact that the coloring material is sprayed against the surface of the fabric in the form of a vaporized or atomized mist making it possible to obtain an extremely fine or even molecular fragmentation of the dye, thus preventing the latter from wetting the fabric, the particles being sufficiently small to be dried instantly upon laur contact with said fabric and this, under the combined effect of their smallness and the violent suction, suction which allows the dye to penetrate to the heart in the fabric, to evacuate the excess as well as conveying it in its path in the open air between the outlet of the nozzle and the fabric.
  • a thickener into the dye, and using it in the liquid state, optionally in the form of a jet obtained by means of a nozzle.
  • it is vaporized (or atomized) in the form of a mist, that is to say in a state of extremely fine, even molecular fragmentation of the dyes, which makes it possible to apply it to the fabric, also thanks to the suction produced below the latter, without it diffuses on the surface while penetrating to the core and this, without significantly wetting it, the air current produced by suction, which also allows said dye mist to be transported and controlled.
  • the fabric When the dye is deposited, the fabric can be kept either fixed or, on the contrary, be moved at a constant speed or not.
  • the power of the suction exerted under the fabric during the dye deposition phase will depend on the material to be treated and more particularly on the porosity that it presents.
  • This suction must be adjusted not only to produce a very large vacuum but also to cause a large flow of air through the article.
  • the depression will, depending on the article to be printed, be equivalent to ten to a thousand millimeters of water column and will have to produce an air flow of between 2000 and 5000 m3 per hour.
  • the suction will be adjusted to allow, not only to press the fabric on the support and possibly the stencil if it exists, but also to channel the mist of atomized dye on its path between the outlet of the nozzle and the surface of the 'fabric.
  • the suction turbine will have a capacity proportional to the surface of the fabric to be treated and must allow, as said previously, not only to create a strong vacuum below the article but also to cause a large air flow through the article.
  • This flow will depend on various parameters, namely in particular the texture or density of the fabric as well as the surface left free by the shutter or the stencil used; this flow rate must be sufficient not only to make the dye penetrate inside the fabric but also to channel the mist of vaporized or atomized dye between the outlet of the nozzles and the surface of the fabric.
  • Maintaining and positioning the fabric on the table top can be achieved in different ways.
  • the fabric can be rolled up on one side to unroll on the other side of the printing table.
  • - either the fabric is itself the object of traction - Either the traction (intermittently or continuously advancing) is carried out by means of a conveyor belt (made up of a fabric like a sieve cloth) on which the fabric will be conveyed.
  • the synchronization system could be much more mechanical since the treadmill is not subject to any distention.
  • These airbrushes can produce variable vaporizations in density and concentration, either by diameter of the nozzles used, either by changing the dye / air parameter.
  • such airbrushes include a compressed air line, a dye supply line, an opening and closing valve and a flow control system.
  • these airbrushes will be used in the form of ramps made up of a set of fixed or removable airbrushes positioned on a support.
  • the outputs of the airbrushes will, in accordance with the invention, be placed at a relatively large distance from the surface of the fabric to be decorated, this distance being at least of the order of five centimeters but advantageously being between ten and fifty centimeters.
  • each airbrush being moreover supplied by one or more dye ducts (or of various other products), these ducts being able to be alternately closed or opened by means of a system of suitable valves, to allow an instant change of colors or products.
  • the arrival of cleaning products from a purge and air intake system facilitates the various operations necessary for their simultaneity.
  • the various controls for air intake, opening, closing of airbrushes, permutation of dyes or products, opening and closing of solenoid valves can be carried out either mechanically or by an appropriate electronic system (process computerization).
  • the adjustment of the flow rate depends on the work to be carried out.
  • the arrangement of airbrushes can be achieved in different ways.
  • the airbrushes can be aligned (say linear position), a determined number of airbrushes being juxtaposed at variable or fixed distances on the same axis.
  • the airbrushes can be arranged independently or in a group, each having autonomy of movement on a given plane.
  • the two forms can be multiplied and / or combined.
  • the two aforementioned provisions make it possible to fulfill different functions.
  • these two arrangements can also have in addition to their horizontal movements a vertical displacement.
  • the installation according to the invention can be used to distribute dyes directly on the fabric to be decorated, it can also be used in association with a frame or stencil, placed between the dye source. and the surface of the fabric, said frame or stencil having a pattern to be reproduced.
  • the stencil can take different forms which may correspond to different uses.
  • the stencil consists of a frame on which is stretched a fabric made up of large meshes (one or two millimeters at most) whose threads are as fine as possible, this fabric having the characteristic of offering the least resistance possible to the air.
  • the motif to be reproduced is produced using existing photogravure methods.
  • the stencil can be in the form of loose sheets used in the case of a winding system.
  • the stencils can also be in the form of rotating cylinders, for example in the case of continuous printing.
  • they can also be in the form of more or less long bands, fixed or circular, said bands then being scrolled.
  • the device allowing the implementation of the methods according to the invention essentially consists of a table (1) on the plate (2) of which the fabric (3) is disposed. decorate.
  • This fabric (3) comes from a food roller (4) and is wound, after decoration, on a winding roller (5) disposed on the other side of the table (1).
  • the passage of the fabric (3) on the table (1) can be done either step by step, or at constant speed, or at progressive speed.
  • the table top (2) of the table (1) comprises, at least in the zone corresponding to that where the colored pattern is to be produced, a part (6) permeable to air.
  • the entire surface of the table can be breathable in which case an additional cover (7) can be used to mask the areas outside the printed pattern.
  • the table (1) is in the form of a sealed box subjected to the action of a suction system making it possible to create a depression on the surface of the plate (2).
  • This suction system can be constituted by a turbine (not shown) whose capacity is proportional to the surface of the fabric to be colored and the flow rate of which can be modified as a function of the texture or density of the fabric and the surface of the decoration to be made, surface possibly delimited by an additional shutter (7).
  • an assembly designated by the general reference (8) which will be, in the following description, designated by the expression "dye dispensing head” and which consists essentially of a plurality of nozzles (9) and formed in the present case of airbrushes of known type, making it possible to project said dye in the vaporized (or atomized) state against the surface of the fabric (3).
  • the dye is sprayed directly against the surface of the fabric (3).
  • the dye dispensing head (8) comprises a plurality of fixed airbrushes (9), arranged in line (see FIG. 9) transversely to the fabric (3) which itself travels at constant speed.
  • the suction table being in operation, it is possible, in this embodiment, to obtain, by the diffusion of the coloring spray, a base dye of perfect unison. This coloration can vary as a function of the speed of movement of the fabric, the intensity of the spray jet, the height at which the ramp (9) is positioned relative to the surface of the fabric, by feeding the airbrushes themselves. (9) by dye, these airbrushes being able to individually receive one or more dyes with simultaneous change.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention, variant according to which one or more additional stencils (10) will be interposed between the dye dispensing head (8) and the surface of the fabric (3).
  • the dye dispensing head also consists of a ramp of airbrushes (9), removable, arranged in line and covering the entire width of the fabric.
  • the dye distribution head (8) is adjustable in height.
  • Each airbrush (9) is individually supplied with dyes.
  • a drying blower (11 blowing hot or cold air is also provided on said dispensing head (8).
  • the airbrushes (9) being arranged in a removable manner (that is to say spacable according to precise and modifiable intervals) on an appropriate support, this ramp being itself arranged transversely with respect to the fabric (3) which runs at constant speed, it is possible to obtain continuous stripes, either by using one or more stencils (10) having stripes in the longitudinal direction or even, possibly, even by removing the stencil (10), the airbrushes ( 9) then being arranged at given intervals and the spray jets can be more or less refined, either by varying their intensity, or by modifying the height of the dispensing head (8). These two systems can be used concomitantly, thus making it possible to obtain continuous stripes of great complexity, both in terms of design and coloring.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate respectively in transverse and longitudinal view a variant according to the invention in which the dye dispensing head (8) comprises a plurality of airbrushes (9) arranged in spikes as shown in the figure 10.
  • the device also comprises a suction table (1) and an adjustable shutter (7).
  • the device comprises a complex winding system allowing: - the advancement of the fabric kept straight; - its stopping by mechanical, optical, electronic tracking (a robotization socket being provided), - the turbine voltage and suction keep it fixed in its position during the different printing phases.
  • the stencil (10) can, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, be in the form of frame or, optionally, in the form of free sheet.
  • the stencil When the stencil is in the form of a frame, the latter will be adapted to a mechanism which systematically and alternately positions them at a predetermined location, this in order to reconstitute the same drawing broken down into several stencils requiring meticulous location.
  • these In the event that continuous sheets are used as stencils, these, adapted on a winding system, scroll above the fabric to position themselves in a predetermined location.
  • the dye dispensing head is made up of a plurality of airbrushes (10 in this case), arranged in spikes as shown in detail in Figure 10.
  • Each airbrush is supplied individually with dyes as well as a cleaning product and has a drain allowing its rapid cleaning.
  • the controls for opening and closing aerographs are controlled remotely, mechanically or electronically.
  • a programming unit, memory and multiple orders, given to these airbrushes, is provided.
  • This spray element is inscribed in a structure moving horizontally above the stencil in a longitudinal, transverse movement, and its compounds (movement of report (XY). This movement takes place mechanically.
  • a command, memorization and order programming unit is incorporated. A low / high adjustment can be made depending on the intensity of the vaporization that one wants to obtain.
  • the fabric (3) scrolls intermittently on the plate (2) of the table (1). This fabric (3) being immobilized, the appropriate stencil is positioned. This being done, the suction produced by the turbine is controlled.
  • the operator or the automation control member activates the opening control of the airbrush corresponding to the dye to be dispensed and, simultaneously, orders the movement (XY ratio) of the dye distribution ramp to position the spray and color exactly where desired.
  • several airbrushes (9) can be simultaneously or alternately actuated.
  • the function of such a possibility is to allow the use of several dyes for the same stencil and to offer the possibility of degrading the colors between them, or even of composing new colors.
  • the dye is sprayed against the surface of the screen.
  • the suction system not only keeps the fabric (3) perfectly pressed, but, and this is what is its first function, forces the dye to pass through the voids in the stencil, to penetrate the fiber at its heart, while evacuating the surplus.
  • the deposition of dye in accordance with the invention in the form of a vaporized (or atomized) mist it can however be envisaged, in particular depending on the hygrometric degree of the workshop where the treatment is carried out, add to the installation a turbine pulsating air, hot or cold, directed at the very place where the dye is deposited on the choir and this, to promote instant drying of the latter.
  • the spraying of dye is stopped and the positioning of the second stencil is accomplished after stopping or reducing the suction action. It should be noted that, in accordance with the invention, there is no drying time.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • this device is characterized by the fact that it comprises a conveyor belt (12) consisting, for example, of a fabric like a sieve cloth, with large mesh allowing the passage of air.
  • This conveyor belt (12) is driven by a mechanism allowing it to advance or stop in a precise and systematic manner.
  • the fabric (3) is conveyed by said conveyor belt (12) and is kept pressed against the latter by the suction produced inside the table (1).
  • each frame (10a, 10b, 10c) there is a drying system (11a, 11b, 11c) as well as a line of airbrushes (9a, 9b, 9c) covering the width of the frame and driven in a horizontal, longitudinal or transverse movement.
  • Each airbrush is supplied individually with dyes.
  • the dye dispensing head (8) thus produced can also receive a vertical adjustment.
  • the fabric (3) With the suction table running, the fabric (3) is secured to the conveyor belt (12) which carries it in a defined, precise and programmable movement.
  • the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) constitute the whole of the drawing to be printed and are positioned according to a specific locating to reconstitute, once the various phases of printing carried out, the initial drawing.
  • the fabric (3) taken, between the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) and the conveyor belt (12) advances intermittently at regular intervals and comes, by this movement, to position successively under the different stencils. Consequently, the stencil (10b) will be superimposed on the printing of the stencil (10a), then the stencil (10c) will in turn be superimposed on the printing of the stencils (10a) and (10b).
  • each scan may be composed of one color or as many colors as desired.
  • Each airbrush can, in the same movement, distribute as many colors as its supply allows, the process of course being subject to computerization of the data.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention, a variant which can be compared to the example described above and illustrated by FIG. 5, except that the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) are are in the form of a cylinder or more or less long and circular bands.
  • the dye dispensing heads (8) are arranged inside the cylinders formed by the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c).
  • the distribution heads (8) include also, as before, means for drying the stencils.
  • the fabric (3) is conveyed by the conveyor belt (12) and is kept pressed against the latter by the suction table (1).
  • the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) of cylindrical shape are pressed against the fabric by the same suction phenomenon and are therefore driven in the same movement.
  • the airbrush (9) proper comprises an air inlet (20) as well as a system (21) for adjusting the spray rate.
  • This airbrush is associated with a robotization member (22) for actuating the opening or closing.
  • the dye supply is, in this embodiment, carried out by through a conduit (23) opening into the base of the airbrush (9) and which can be supplied either by means of a determined dye (24) or by means of a second dye (25), or with a cleaning product (26).
  • Valves (28,29,30) are provided depending on the product to be introduced inside the airbrush.
  • a purge (30) is also provided, this purge duct (30) also comprising a valve (31). It is therefore possible, thus using a single airbrush, to have it deliver different dyes.
  • any other device making it possible to cause vaporization or atomization of the dye could be used.
  • the table supporting the material has a flat surface, it could be envisaged to give it a convex shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

1. Process for decorating, by colouring, an article formed from fabrics (3) or from similar air-permeable products, which consists : - in placing the article to be decorated flat on a table (1) having an air-permeable zone, this zone being subjected to the action of a suction system ; - in spraying the colouring substance against the surface of the article by means of a nozzle or nozzles (9) enabling the colouring agent, in the liquid state, to be sprayed in the form of a vaporized or atomized mist of colouring agent, the suction produced on the fabric being such that it enables the colouring agent to penetrate fully into the fabric and the excess to be removed, as well as it to be conveyed, in its journey through the open air, between the outlet of the nozzle (9) and the fabric (3), characterized in that : - one or more screens or stencils (10) are placed in between the article and the colouring-agent source ; - the vaporized or atomized mist of colouring agent is produced such that an extremely fine or even molecular fragmentation of the said colouring agent is obtained, thus preventing the latter from wetting the fabric (3), the particles being sufficiently small to be dried instantly upon their contact with the fabric (3) ; - the suction produced beneath the fabric (3) is such that it enables : - the fabric (3) to be held against the table (1) during the various stages of its printing and the stencil (10) to be held flat against the surface of the said fabric (3) ; - the colouring agent to dry instantly upon its contact with the fabric (3).

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé permet­tant d'embellir par coloration des étoffes telles que tissus, tricots, non-tissés ou articles similaires en forme de feuille perméable à l'air ; elle concerne éga­lement un dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a process for embellishing by dyeing fabrics such as fabrics, knits, nonwovens or similar articles in the form of a breathable sheet; it also relates to a device allowing the implementation of this process.

A ce jour, outre les procédés de teinture propre­ment dits, de nombreuses techniques sont utilisées pour embellir par coloration une étoffe.To date, in addition to the actual dyeing processes, numerous techniques are used to embellish a fabric by coloring.

La plus ancienne, utilisée encore de nos jours, con­siste à décorer les étoffes à la main. Cette technique permet de réaliser n'importe quel décor mais est d'une immense complexité et s'avère impropre à la reproduction en grande série.The oldest, still used today, is to decorate the fabrics by hand. This technique makes it possible to carry out any decor but is of immense complexity and proves unsuitable for reproduction in large series.

Afin de reproduire l'oeuvre unique dans toute sa subtilité et d'en permettre sa reproduction le plus rapi­dement possible, diverses techniques d'impression ont été proposées.In order to reproduce the unique work in all its subtlety and to allow its reproduction as quickly as possible, various printing techniques have been proposed.

Parmi ces techniques, on peut citer :
- l'impression dite "à la Lyonnaise", qui nécessite pour sa mise en oeuvre une matière colorante visqueuse, un écran (toile de fin tissage) servant de pochoir, un racle permettant de faire passer la matière colorante au travers du pochoir pour la déposer sur l'étoffe à décorer;
- l'impression dite "par transfert", technique selon laquelle la matière colorante est préalablement appli­quée sur un papier support et est ensuite transférée sur l'étoffe par l'intermédiaire de la chaleur.
Among these techniques, we can cite:
- the printing known as "à la Lyonnaise", which requires for its implementation a viscous coloring material, a screen (fine weaving canvas) serving as a stencil, a doctor blade allowing the coloring material to pass through the stencil for the place on the fabric to be decorated;
- so-called "transfer" printing, a technique according to which the coloring matter is previously applied to a backing paper and is then transferred to the fabric by means of heat.

Pour la mise en oeuvre de ces techniques, il con­vient de tenir compte de deux facteurs ayant manifeste­ment peu de compatibilité, à savoir, d'une part, la capillarité qui résulte de la nature même du produit à imprimer et, d'autre part, la fluidité que présente la matière colorante qui doit être maîtrisée pour qu'elle puisse être appliquée convenablement sur l'étoffe à em­bellir.For the implementation of these techniques, it is necessary to take into account two factors obviously having little compatibility, namely, on the one hand, the capillarity which results from the very nature of the product to be printed and, on the other hand, the fluidity that the coloring matter which must be controlled so that it can be properly applied to the fabric to be embellished.

A ce jour, pour obtenir la maîtrise du colorant, la solution la plus couramment utilisée consiste à faire appel à un épaississant.To date, to obtain control of the dye, the most commonly used solution consists of using a thickener.

Il a également été proposé dans le FR-A-2 319 433 (ainsi que dans une certaine mesure dans le FR-A-2 420 432) des procédés d'embellissement par coloration d'é­toffes ou produits similaires qui consistent à mettre à plat l'article à embellir, à le soumettre à une aspi­ration et à projeter le colorant contre la surface au moyen de buses. Dans ces techniques, le colorant est dé­livré soud forme de jets liquides ou sous la forme d'as­perssion par pulvérisation. Ces deux procédés ont la par­ticularité de mouiller le tissu et par la même de néces­siter un séchage. Dans le cas du jet, la buse se trouve le plus près possible du tissu et l'impression se dispen­se de pochoir. Dans le cas de la pulvérisation, on utili­se un pochoir ne permettant que des dessins sans finesse sur des supports épais (tapis), cela en raison de la propention qu'un liquide a à fuser.FR-A-2 319 433 has also been proposed (as well as to a certain extent in FR-A-2 420 432) embellishment methods by coloring fabrics or similar products which consist in laying flat the article to be embellished, subjected to a suction and to project the dye against the surface by means of nozzles. In these techniques, the dye is delivered in the form of liquid jets or in the form of spraying. These two processes have the particularity of wetting the fabric and at the same time requiring drying. In the case of the jet, the nozzle is as close as possible to the fabric and the printing dispenses with stencil. In the case of spraying, a stencil is used which allows only finely drawn drawings on thick supports (carpet), this because of the propensity that a liquid has to fuse.

Toutes ces techniques nécessitent pour leur mise en oeuvre des matériels spécifiques, coûteux et délicats à mettre en oeuvre et ne permettant en général d'obtenir qu'un type bien déterminé d'articles. De plus, très sou­vent, se pose le problème du séchage après dépôt du colo­rant ainsi que celui du nettoyage du support sur lequel sont maintenus les articles lors de l'impression. Par ailleurs, dans le cas où le dépôt de colorant est réali­sé au moyen de buses, comme dans le FR-A-2 319 433, non seulement, l'étoffe est mouillée, et doit donc être sé­chée, mais également, il n'est pas possible d'obtenir de grandes surfaces colorées compte-tenu de la proximité des buses de la surface de l'étoffe.All these techniques require for their implementation specific materials, expensive and delicate to implement and generally making it possible to obtain only a specific type of articles. In addition, very often, the problem arises of drying after deposition of the dye as well as that of cleaning the support on which the articles are kept during printing. Furthermore, in the case where the deposition of dye is carried out by means of nozzles, as in FR-A-2 319 433, not only the fabric is wet, and must therefore be dried, but also, it does not It is not possible to obtain large colored surfaces given the proximity of the nozzles to the surface of the fabric.

Or on a trouvé, et c'est ce qui fait l'objet de la présente invention, un procédé d'embellissement par colo­ration d'étoffes ou produits similaires qui résoud ces problèmes et permet d'obtenir de manière simple et éco­nomique une très grande variété d'effets et ce, en ne né­cessitant qu'une seule et même installation pour sa mise en oeuvre.However, we have found, and this is the subject of the present invention, a process of embellishment by coloring fabrics or similar products which solves these problems and makes it possible to obtain in a simple and economical manner a very large variety of effects, requiring only one and the same installation for its implementation.

D'une manière générale, le procédé selon l'invention consiste à mettre à plat l'étoffe à embellir, à produire une aspiration sous cette étoffe et à projeter la matiè­re colorante contre sa surface au moyen de buses et il se caractérise par le fait que la matièrecolorante est projetée contre la surface de l'étoffe sous forme d'un brouillard vaporisé ou atomisé permettant d'obtenir une fragmentation extrêmement ténue, voire moléculaire du co­lorant, évitant ainsi à ce dernier de mouiller l'étoffe, les particules étant suffisamment petites pour être sé­chées instantanément lors de laur contact avec ladite étoffe et cela, sous l'effet conjoint de leur petitesse et de la violente aspiration, aspiration qui permet de faire pénétrer à coeur le colorant dans l'étoffe, d'en évacuer l'excédent ainsi que de le véhiculer dans son parcours à l'air libre entre la sortie de la buse et l'étoffe.In general, the method according to the invention consists in flattening the fabric to be embellished, in producing a suction under this fabric and in projecting the coloring matter against its surface by means of nozzles and it is characterized by the fact that the coloring material is sprayed against the surface of the fabric in the form of a vaporized or atomized mist making it possible to obtain an extremely fine or even molecular fragmentation of the dye, thus preventing the latter from wetting the fabric, the particles being sufficiently small to be dried instantly upon laur contact with said fabric and this, under the combined effect of their smallness and the violent suction, suction which allows the dye to penetrate to the heart in the fabric, to evacuate the excess as well as conveying it in its path in the open air between the outlet of the nozzle and the fabric.

En d'autres termes, conformément au procédé selon l'invention, au lieu d'introduire un épaississant dans le colorant, et de l'utiliser à l'état liquide éventuel­lement sous la forme d'un jet obtenu au moyen d'une buse, on le vaporise (ou atomise) sous la forme d'un brouillard, c'est-à-dire dans un état de fragmentation extrêmement ténu, voire moléculaire des colorants, qui permet de l'appliquer sur l'étoffe, grâce également à l'aspiration produite en dessous de cette dernière, sans qu'il diffuse en surface tout en pénétrant à coeur et ce, sans la mouiller de manière significative, le courant d'air produit par l'aspiration permettant par ailleurs de vé­hiculer et maîtriser ledit brouillard de colorant.In other words, in accordance with the method according to the invention, instead of introducing a thickener into the dye, and using it in the liquid state, optionally in the form of a jet obtained by means of a nozzle. , it is vaporized (or atomized) in the form of a mist, that is to say in a state of extremely fine, even molecular fragmentation of the dyes, which makes it possible to apply it to the fabric, also thanks to the suction produced below the latter, without it diffuses on the surface while penetrating to the core and this, without significantly wetting it, the air current produced by suction, which also allows said dye mist to be transported and controlled.

Grâce à un tel procédé qui ne fait pas appel à l'u­tilisation d'un épaississant ni à un dépôt sous forme liquide comme c'est le cas lorsque la matière colorante est pulvérisée, il est donc possible de supprimer toutes les contraintes qu'impliquent les techniques antérieures, à savoir entre autres de ne pas avoir à enlever l'épais­sissant par la suite et d'attendre le séchage de ce pro­duit.Thanks to such a process which does not require the use of a thickener or a deposit in liquid form as is the case when the coloring matter is sprayed, it is therefore possible to remove all the stresses involved the prior techniques, namely inter alia not having to remove the thickener afterwards and waiting for the drying of this product.

En effet, dans le cas de l'invention, l'atomisation séchant pratiquement instantanément, il est donc possi­ble de superposer immédiatement les impressions tout en leur conservant leur extrême finesse, alors que les im­pressions sur mouillé perdent une grande part des possi­bilités de finesse. L'absence d'épaississant permet des superpositions de colorants absolument parfaites ; en effet, l'épaississant de la première impression fait tou­jours plus ou moins écran à la suivante et empêche par ce fait des rematages transparents. De plus, ce séchage ins­tantané permet l'enroulement immédiat de l'étoffe impri­mée. Il est par ailleurs possible de juxtaposer des co­lorant sur un même pochoir, d'obtenir des dégradés com­plexes, de teindre en uni ou en dégradé des tissus, d'ob­tenir des rayures et cela, dans une grande complexité de coloration irréalisable à ce jour. Enfin, le procédé selon l'invention peut être mis en oeuvre avec des ma­tières difficiles à imprimer telles que par exemple les étoffes à mailles tricotées, les tissus traités pouvant être denses ou au contraire très légers, par exemple se présenter sous la forme de mousselines.Indeed, in the case of the invention, the atomization drying practically instantaneously, it is therefore possible to immediately superimpose the prints while retaining their extreme fineness, while the wet prints lose a large part of the finesse possibilities. The absence of thickener allows absolutely perfect dye overlays; in fact, the thickener of the first impression always more or less screens the next and thereby prevents transparent rematings. In addition, this instant drying allows the immediate winding of the printed fabric. It is also possible to juxtapose dyes on the same stencil, to obtain complex gradations, to dye solid or gradient fabrics, to obtain stripes and this, in a great complexity of coloration impossible to date. Finally, the method according to the invention can be implemented with materials which are difficult to print such as for example knitted fabrics, the treated fabrics being able to be dense or on the contrary very light, for example being in the form of muslin .

Le procédé selon l'invention peut être mis en oeuvre soit en projetant le colorant sous forme d'un brouillard vaporisé directement contre la surface de l'étoffe, soit éventuellement, en interposant entre cette dernière et la source de colorant un écran ou pochoir portant un motif à reproduire.The method according to the invention can be implemented either by spraying the dye in the form of a spray mist directly against the surface of the fabric, or possibly, by interposing between the latter and the source of coloring a screen or stencil bearing a pattern to be reproduced.

Lors du dépôt de colorant, l'étoffe peut être main­tenue soit fixe soit, au contraire, être déplacée à une vitesse constante ou non.When the dye is deposited, the fabric can be kept either fixed or, on the contrary, be moved at a constant speed or not.

Enfin, la puissance de l'aspiration exercée sous l'étoffe pendant la phase de dépôt du colorant sera fonc­tion de la matière à traiter et plus particulièrement de la porosité qu'elle présente. Cette aspiration doit être réglée non seulement pour produire une très grande dé­pression mais également pour provoquer un important dé­bit d'air au travers de l'article. A titre indicatif, la dépression sera, en fonction de l'article à imprimer, équivalente à dix à mille millimètres colonne d'eau et devra produire un débit d'air compris entre 2000 et 5000 m³ par heure.Finally, the power of the suction exerted under the fabric during the dye deposition phase will depend on the material to be treated and more particularly on the porosity that it presents. This suction must be adjusted not only to produce a very large vacuum but also to cause a large flow of air through the article. As an indication, the depression will, depending on the article to be printed, be equivalent to ten to a thousand millimeters of water column and will have to produce an air flow of between 2000 and 5000 m³ per hour.

L'aspiration sera réglée pour permettre, non seule­ment de faire plaquer le tissu sur le support et éven­tuellement le pochoir s'il existe, mais également pour canaliser le brouillard de colorant atomisé sur son tra­jet entre la sortie de la buse et la surface de l'étoffe.The suction will be adjusted to allow, not only to press the fabric on the support and possibly the stencil if it exists, but also to channel the mist of atomized dye on its path between the outlet of the nozzle and the surface of the 'fabric.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif permet­tant la mise en oeuvre du procédé précité, ce dispositif comportant :
- une table présentant une zone perméable à l'air, cette zone étant soumise à l'action d'un système d'aspi­rtion ;
- des buses pour le dépôt de la matière colorante à la surface de l'étoffe ;
caractérisé par le fait que :
- les buses permettent de projeter le colorant, à l'état liquide, sous la forme d'un brouillard de colo­rant vaporisé (ou atomisé), permettant donc un séchage pratiquement instantané de ladite matière colorante dès application sur l'étoffe ;
- l'aspiration produite sous l'étoffe est telle qu'elle permet :

  • a) de véhiculer le colorant dès sa sortie de buse à coeur de l'étoffe et au travers du pochoir s'il existe,
  • b) de sécher instantanément le colorant lors de son contact avec l'étoffe,
  • c) de plaquer l'étoffe sur la table d'aspira­tion et de l'y maintenir lors des différen­tes phases de son impression,
  • d) de plaquer le pochoir, s'il existe, contre l'étoffe,
  • e) d'évacuer l'excédent des colorants ou au­tres produits atomisés.
The invention also relates to a device allowing the implementation of the aforementioned method, this device comprising:
- A table having an air permeable zone, this zone being subjected to the action of a vacuum system;
- nozzles for depositing the coloring matter on the surface of the fabric;
characterized by the fact that:
the nozzles make it possible to spray the dye, in the liquid state, in the form of a mist of vaporized (or atomized) dye, thus allowing practically instantaneous drying of said coloring matter as soon as it is applied to the fabric;
- the suction produced under the fabric is such that it allows:
  • a) to convey the dye as soon as it leaves the nozzle at the heart of the fabric and through the stencil if it exists,
  • b) to instantly dry the dye upon contact with the fabric,
  • c) to place the fabric on the suction table and to keep it there during the different stages of its printing,
  • d) press the stencil, if there is one, against the fabric,
  • e) evacuate the excess of dyes or other atomized products.

Avantageusement, en pratique, le dispositif confor­me à l'invention présentera les caractéristiques sui­vantes.Advantageously, in practice, the device according to the invention will have the following characteristics.

La table d'aspiration sera constituée d'un caisson étanche pourvu d'une turbine aspirante.The suction table will consist of a watertight box fitted with a suction turbine.

Le plateau de cette table est constitué d'une struc­ture, d'une part offrant le moins possible de résistan­ce au passage de l'air tout en étant, d'autre part, suf­fisamment résistante à la dépression provoquée sous le tissue. Les dimensions de cette table seront fonction des dimensions de l'étoffe à traiter. Afin de pouvoir trai­ter des étoffes de différents formats, un obturateur pourra être utilisé pour délimiter la surface d'aspira­tion de la table, la surface laissée libre par ledit ob­turateur étant fonction des dimensions du décor à ef­fectuer.The table top consists of a structure, on the one hand offering the least possible resistance to the passage of air while being, on the other hand, sufficiently resistant to the depression caused under the tissue. The dimensions of this table will depend on the dimensions of the fabric to be treated. In order to be able to process fabrics of different formats, a shutter may be used to delimit the suction surface of the table, the surface left free by said shutter being a function of the dimensions of the decoration to be made.

La turbine aspirante aura une capacité proportion­nelle à la surface de l'étoffe à traiter et doit permet­tre, comme dit précédemment, non seulement de créer une forte dépression en dessous de l'article mais également de provoquer un important débit d'air au travers de l'article. Ce débit sera fonction de divers paramètres, à savoir notamment la texture ou densité du tissu ainsi que la surface laissée libre par l'obturateur ou le po­choir utilisé ; ce débit doit être suffisant non seule­ment pour faire pénétrer le colorant à l'intérieur de l'étoffe mais également pour canaliser le brouillard de colorant vaporisé ou atomisé entre la sortie des buses et la surface de l'étoffe.The suction turbine will have a capacity proportional to the surface of the fabric to be treated and must allow, as said previously, not only to create a strong vacuum below the article but also to cause a large air flow through the article. This flow will depend on various parameters, namely in particular the texture or density of the fabric as well as the surface left free by the shutter or the stencil used; this flow rate must be sufficient not only to make the dye penetrate inside the fabric but also to channel the mist of vaporized or atomized dye between the outlet of the nozzles and the surface of the fabric.

Le maintien et le positionnement du tissu sur le plateau de la table pourra être réalisé de différentes manières.Maintaining and positioning the fabric on the table top can be achieved in different ways.

Ainsi, par exemple, le tissu peut s'enrouler d'un côté pour se dérouler de l'autre côté de la table d'im­pression. Pour ce faire :
- soit le tissu est lui-même l'objet de la traction,
- soit la traction (avance par intermittence ou en continu) est effectuée par l'intermédiaire d'un tapis roulant (constitué d'un tissu genre toile à tamis) sur lequel le tissu sera véhiculé.
So, for example, the fabric can be rolled up on one side to unroll on the other side of the printing table. To do this :
- either the fabric is itself the object of traction,
- Either the traction (intermittently or continuously advancing) is carried out by means of a conveyor belt (made up of a fabric like a sieve cloth) on which the fabric will be conveyed.

Dans le premier cas, des moyens de synchronisation permettant le déplacement pas à pas de l'étoffe (cellu­les photo-électriques, caméras de repérage, palpeurs, pinces entre butées physiques, etc..) sont prévus.In the first case, synchronization means allowing the fabric to be moved step by step (photocells, tracking cameras, feelers, clamps between physical stops, etc.) are provided.

Dans le deuxième cas, le système de synchronisation pourra être beaucoup plus mécanique étant donné que le tapis roulant n'est sujet à aucune distention.In the second case, the synchronization system could be much more mechanical since the treadmill is not subject to any distention.

Comme système de distribution des colorants par vaporisation (ou atomisation), on utilisera, par exem­ple, des buses de type connu sous le nom d'aérographes qui permettant la vaporisation de colorants liquides sous l'effet d'air comprimé ; de tels aérographes permettent, conformément à l'invention, de former un brouillard de colorant en fractionnant de manière extrêmement ténue voire même moléculaire ledit colorant.As a system for distributing dyes by vaporization (or atomization), use will be made, for example, of nozzles of the type known as airbrushes which allow the vaporization of liquid dyes under the effect of compressed air; such airbrushes make it possible, in accordance with the invention, to form a dye mist by fractionating said dye in an extremely tenuous or even molecular manner.

Ces aérographes peuvent produire des vaporisations variables en densité et en concentration, soit par le diamètre des buses utilisées, soit en modifiant le para­mètre colorant/air.These airbrushes can produce variable vaporizations in density and concentration, either by diameter of the nozzles used, either by changing the dye / air parameter.

D'une manière générale, de tels aérographes compor­tent un conduit d'air comprimé, un conduit d'alimenta­tion de colorant, une vanne d'ouverture et de fermeture et un système de réglage de débit.Generally, such airbrushes include a compressed air line, a dye supply line, an opening and closing valve and a flow control system.

Pour la mise en eouvre de l'invention, on utilisera ces aérographes sous la forme de rampes constituées d'un ensemble d'aérographes fixes ou amovibles position­nés sur un support. Les sorties des aérographes, seront, conformément à l'invention, disposées à une distance re­lativement importante par rapport à la surface de l'étof­fe à décorer, cette distance étant au moins de l'ordre de cinq centimètres mais étant avantageusement comprise entre dix et cinquante centimètres.For the implementation of the invention, these airbrushes will be used in the form of ramps made up of a set of fixed or removable airbrushes positioned on a support. The outputs of the airbrushes will, in accordance with the invention, be placed at a relatively large distance from the surface of the fabric to be decorated, this distance being at least of the order of five centimeters but advantageously being between ten and fifty centimeters.

Ces aérographes sont alimentés par un conduit d'air comprimé, chaque aérographe étant par ailleurs alimenté par un ou plusieurs conduits de colorants (ou de divers autres produits), ces conduits pouvant être alternative­ment obturés ou ouverts par l'intermédiaire d'un système de vannes approprié, afin de permettre un changement de couleurs ou de produits instantané. Il est prévu l'arri­vée de produits nettoyants d'un système de purge et de prise d'air facilitant les diverses opérations nécessai­res à leur simultanéité. Les diverses commandes d'arri­vée d'air, ouverture, fermeture des aérographes, permu­tation des colorants ou produits, ouverture et fermetu­re des électrovannes, peuvent être réalisées soit de fa­çon mécanique soit par un système électronique approprié (informatisation du Process).These airbrushes are supplied by a compressed air duct, each airbrush being moreover supplied by one or more dye ducts (or of various other products), these ducts being able to be alternately closed or opened by means of a system of suitable valves, to allow an instant change of colors or products. The arrival of cleaning products from a purge and air intake system facilitates the various operations necessary for their simultaneity. The various controls for air intake, opening, closing of airbrushes, permutation of dyes or products, opening and closing of solenoid valves, can be carried out either mechanically or by an appropriate electronic system (process computerization).

Par ailleurs, le réglage du débit est fonction du travail à effectuer.Furthermore, the adjustment of the flow rate depends on the work to be carried out.

La disposition des aérographes peut être réalisée de différentes manières.The arrangement of airbrushes can be achieved in different ways.

Ainsi, les aérographes peuvent être alignés (dis­ position linéaire), un nombre déterminé d'aérographes étant juxtaposé à des distances variables ou fixes sur un même axe.So the airbrushes can be aligned (say linear position), a determined number of airbrushes being juxtaposed at variable or fixed distances on the same axis.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les aérographes peuvent être disposés de façon indépendante ou en grou­pe, chacun ayant une autonomie de circulation sur un plan donné. Les deux formes peuvent être multipliées et/ou associées. Les deux dispositions précitées permet­tent de remplir des fonctions différentes. D'autre part, ces deux dispositions peuvent également avoir en plus de leurs mouvements horizontaux un déplacement verti­cal.According to another embodiment, the airbrushes can be arranged independently or in a group, each having autonomy of movement on a given plane. The two forms can be multiplied and / or combined. The two aforementioned provisions make it possible to fulfill different functions. On the other hand, these two arrangements can also have in addition to their horizontal movements a vertical displacement.

Horizontalement, le mouvement se décompose de trois façons, à savoir :
- statique,
- unilatéral (longitudinal ou transversal),
- composé (longitudinal et transversal) rapport dit "XY" permettant toutes les combinaisons et configu­rations possibles dans une surface de plan.
Horizontally, the movement breaks down in three ways, namely:
- static,
- unilateral (longitudinal or transverse),
- compound (longitudinal and transverse) report called "XY" allowing all possible combinations and configurations in a plane surface.

Ces mouvements peuvent être soit mécanisés soit informatisés.These movements can be either mechanized or computerized.

Par ailleurs, comme dit précédemment, si l'instal­lation conforme à l'invention peut être utilisée pour distribuer des colorants directement sur l'étoffe à dé­corer, elle peut également être utlisée en association avec un cadre ou pochoir, disposé entre la source de colorant et la surface de l'étoffe, ledit cadre ou po­choir comportant un motif à reproduire.Furthermore, as said previously, if the installation according to the invention can be used to distribute dyes directly on the fabric to be decorated, it can also be used in association with a frame or stencil, placed between the dye source. and the surface of the fabric, said frame or stencil having a pattern to be reproduced.

Dans un tel mode de mise en oeuvre, le pochoir peut revêtir différentes formes pouvant correspondre à des utilisations différentes.In such an embodiment, the stencil can take different forms which may correspond to different uses.

Il peut ainsi, par exemple, se présenter sous la forme d'un châssis utilisé d'une manière similaire aux méthodes d'impression traditionnelles (fixes, sur rail..). Avantageusement, selon ce mode de mise en oeuvre, le pochoir est constitué d'un châssis sur le­quel est tendu un tissu constitué de larges mailles (un ou deux millimètres au plus) dont les fils sont les plus fins possible, ce tissu présentant la caractéris­tique d'offrir le moins de résistance possible à l'air. Le motif à reproduire est réalisé suivant les procédés de photogravure existants.It can thus, for example, be in the form of a frame used in a manner similar to traditional printing methods (fixed, on rail, etc.). Advantageously, according to this mode of implementation work, the stencil consists of a frame on which is stretched a fabric made up of large meshes (one or two millimeters at most) whose threads are as fine as possible, this fabric having the characteristic of offering the least resistance possible to the air. The motif to be reproduced is produced using existing photogravure methods.

Eventuellement, le pochoir peut se présenter sous la forme de feuilles libres utilisées dans le cas d'un système d'enroulement.Optionally, the stencil can be in the form of loose sheets used in the case of a winding system.

Les pochoirs peuvent également se présenter sous la forme de cylindres rotatifs, par exemple dans le cas d'impression en continu.The stencils can also be in the form of rotating cylinders, for example in the case of continuous printing.

Enfin, ils peuvent également se présenter sous la forme de bandes plus ou moins longues, fixes ou circu­laires, lesdites bandes étant alors en défilement.Finally, they can also be in the form of more or less long bands, fixed or circular, said bands then being scrolled.

Enfin, il peut être envisagé de graver plusieurs pochoirs sur un même support ; par exemple, sur un même châssis, il peut y avoir différents pochoirs.Finally, it can be envisaged to engrave several stencils on the same support; for example, on the same frame, there can be different stencils.

L'invention et les avantages qu'elle apporte seront cependant mieux compris grâce aux exemples de réalisa­tion donnés ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limita­tif et qui sont illustrés par les schémas annexés dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un disposi­tif permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'in­vention par projection directe du colorant à la surface de l'étoffe à embellir ;
  • - la figure 2 illustre un dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention en utilisant un pochoir pour reproduire un motif décoratif sur l'é­toffe ;
  • - les figures 3 et 4 sont respectivement des vues transversale et longitudinale d'un dispositif compor­tant plusieurs pochoirs pour la réalisation d'un motif décoratif sur l'étoffe ;
  • - la figure 5 illustre une variante d'un disposi­tif selon l'invention comportant également plusieurs pochoirs ;
  • - la figure 6 illustre une variante dans laquelle les pochoirs se présentent sous la forme d'un cylindre ;
  • - la figure 7 illustre une autre forme de réalisa­tion d'un dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 8 est une vue schématique d'un type de buse (aérographe) utilisable pour réaliser la vaporisa­tion (ou atomisation) du colorant conformément au procédé selon l'invention;
  • - la figure 9 est une vue schématique d'une rampe de distribution des colorants par vaporisation, rampe dans laquelle une pluralité d'aérographes sont disposés en ligne ;
  • - la figure 10 illustre une rampe de distribution des colorants par vaporisation comportant une pluralité d'aérographes disposés en forme d'épis.
The invention and the advantages which it brings will however be better understood thanks to the exemplary embodiments given below by way of indication but not limitation and which are illustrated by the appended diagrams in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic view of a device for implementing the method according to the invention by direct spraying of the dye on the surface of the fabric to be embellished;
  • - Figure 2 illustrates a device for implementing the method according to the invention using a stencil to reproduce a decorative pattern on the fabric;
  • - Figures 3 and 4 are respectively transverse and longitudinal views of a device comprising several stencils for producing a pattern decorative on the fabric;
  • - Figure 5 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention also comprising several stencils;
  • - Figure 6 illustrates a variant in which the stencils are in the form of a cylinder;
  • - Figure 7 illustrates another embodiment of a device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 8 is a schematic view of a type of nozzle (airbrush) used to carry out the spraying (or atomization) of the dye according to the method according to the invention;
  • - Figure 9 is a schematic view of a spray dye distribution ramp, ramp in which a plurality of airbrushes are arranged in line;
  • - Figure 10 illustrates a spray dye distribution ramp comprising a plurality of airbrushes arranged in the form of ears.

Si l'on se reporte aux figures annexées, le dispo­sitif permettant la mise en oeuvre des procédés selon l'invention est constitué essentiellement d'une table (1) sur le plateau (2) de laquelle est disposée l'étoffe (3) à décorer.If reference is made to the appended figures, the device allowing the implementation of the methods according to the invention essentially consists of a table (1) on the plate (2) of which the fabric (3) is disposed. decorate.

Le déplacement de cette étoffe (3) provient d'un rouleau alimentaire (4) et est enroulée, après décoration, sur un rouleau de renvidage (5) disposé de l'autre côté de la table (1).The movement of this fabric (3) comes from a food roller (4) and is wound, after decoration, on a winding roller (5) disposed on the other side of the table (1).

Le passage de l'étoffe (3) sur la table (1) peut se faire soit pas à pas, soit à vitesse constante, soit à vitesse progressive.The passage of the fabric (3) on the table (1) can be done either step by step, or at constant speed, or at progressive speed.

Conformément à l'invention, le plateau (2) de la table (1) comporte, au moins dans la zone correspondant à celle où doit être réalisé le motif coloré, une partie (6) perméable à l'air. Eventuellement, toute la surface de la table peut être perméable à l'air auquel cas un cache additionnel (7) peut être utilisé pour masquer les zones extérieures au motif imprimé. La table (1) se pré­sente sous la forme d'un caisson étanche soumis à l'ac­tion d'un système d'aspiration permettant de créer une dépression à la surface du plateau (2). Ce système d'as­piration peut être constitué par une turbine (non repré­sentée) dont la capacité est proportionnelle à la surface du tissu à colorer et dont le débit est modifiable en fonction de la texture ou densité du tissu et de la sur­face du décor à effectuer, surface délimitée éventuelle­ment par un obturateur additionnel (7).According to the invention, the table top (2) of the table (1) comprises, at least in the zone corresponding to that where the colored pattern is to be produced, a part (6) permeable to air. Optionally, the entire surface of the table can be breathable in which case an additional cover (7) can be used to mask the areas outside the printed pattern. The table (1) is in the form of a sealed box subjected to the action of a suction system making it possible to create a depression on the surface of the plate (2). This suction system can be constituted by a turbine (not shown) whose capacity is proportional to the surface of the fabric to be colored and the flow rate of which can be modified as a function of the texture or density of the fabric and the surface of the decoration to be made, surface possibly delimited by an additional shutter (7).

Au- dessus de la table, est disposé un ensemble, dé­signé par la référence générale (8) qui sera, dans la suite de la description, désigné par l'expression "tête de distribution de colorant" et qui est constitué essen­tiellement d'une pluralité de buses (9) et formé dans le cas présent d'aérographes de type connu, permettant de projeter ledit colorant à l'état vaporisé (ou atomisé) contre la surface de l'étoffe (3).Above the table, is arranged an assembly, designated by the general reference (8) which will be, in the following description, designated by the expression "dye dispensing head" and which consists essentially of a plurality of nozzles (9) and formed in the present case of airbrushes of known type, making it possible to project said dye in the vaporized (or atomized) state against the surface of the fabric (3).

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la figure 1, le colorant est projeté directement contre la surface de l'étoffe (3).In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the dye is sprayed directly against the surface of the fabric (3).

La tête de distribution du colorant (8) comporte une pluralité d'aérographes (9) fixes, disposés en ligne (voir figure 9) de façon transversale par rapport à l'étoffe (3) qui elle­même défile à vitesse constante. La table d'aspiration étant en fonctionnement, on peut, dans ce mode de réali­sation, obtenir par la diffusion de la vaporisation colo­rante une teinture de fond de parfait unison. Cette colo­ration peut varier en fonction de la vitesse de défilement du tissu, de l'intensité du jet de vaporisation, de la hauteur à laquelle on positionne la rampe (9) par rapport à la surface du tissu, par l'alimentation même des aéro­graphes (9) en colorant, ces aérographes pouvant recevoir individuellement un ou plusieurs colorants à changement simultané.The dye dispensing head (8) comprises a plurality of fixed airbrushes (9), arranged in line (see FIG. 9) transversely to the fabric (3) which itself travels at constant speed. The suction table being in operation, it is possible, in this embodiment, to obtain, by the diffusion of the coloring spray, a base dye of perfect unison. This coloration can vary as a function of the speed of movement of the fabric, the intensity of the spray jet, the height at which the ramp (9) is positioned relative to the surface of the fabric, by feeding the airbrushes themselves. (9) by dye, these airbrushes being able to individually receive one or more dyes with simultaneous change.

La figure 2 illustre une variante d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention, variante selon laquelle un ou plusieurs pochoirs additionnels (10) seront interposés entre la tête de distributions de colorant (8) et la sur­face de l'étoffe (3). Dans ce mode de réalisation, la tête de distribution de colorant est également constituée d'une rampe d'aérographes (9), amovibles, disposés en ligne et couvrant toute la largeur du tissu.FIG. 2 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention, variant according to which one or more additional stencils (10) will be interposed between the dye dispensing head (8) and the surface of the fabric (3). In this embodiment, the dye dispensing head also consists of a ramp of airbrushes (9), removable, arranged in line and covering the entire width of the fabric.

Comme précédemment, la tête de distribution de colo­rant (8) est réglable en hauteur. Chaque aérographe (9) est alimenté individuellement en colorants. Par ailleurs, afin d'obtenir un sèchage du pochoir (10)pendant et après depôt du colorant, une soufflerie de séchage (11 soufflant d l'air chaud ou froid est également prévue sur ladite tête de distribution (8).As before, the dye distribution head (8) is adjustable in height. Each airbrush (9) is individually supplied with dyes. Furthermore, in order to obtain drying of the stencil (10) during and after deposition of the dye, a drying blower (11 blowing hot or cold air is also provided on said dispensing head (8).

La mise en oeuvre d'un tel dispositif est la sui­vante.The implementation of such a device is as follows.

Les aérographes (9) étant disposés de manière amovi­ble (c'est-à-dire espaçables selon des intervalles précis et modifiables) sur un support approprié, cette rampe étant elle-même disposée de façon transversale par rapport au tissu (3) qui défile à vitesse constante, il est pos­sible d'obtenir des rayures en continu et ce, soit en utilisant un ou plusieurs pochoirs (10) présentant des rayures dans le sens longitudinal voire, éventuellement, en supprimant même le pochoir (10), les aérographes (9) étant alors disposés à des intervalles donnés et les jets de vaporisation pouvant être plus ou moins affinés, soit en variant leur intensité, soit en modifiant la hau­teur de la tête de distribution (8). Ces deux systèmes peuvent être utilisés de façon concommitante, permettant ainsi d'obtenir des rayures en continu d'une grande com­plexité, tant sur le plan du dessin que de la coloration.The airbrushes (9) being arranged in a removable manner (that is to say spacable according to precise and modifiable intervals) on an appropriate support, this ramp being itself arranged transversely with respect to the fabric (3) which runs at constant speed, it is possible to obtain continuous stripes, either by using one or more stencils (10) having stripes in the longitudinal direction or even, possibly, even by removing the stencil (10), the airbrushes ( 9) then being arranged at given intervals and the spray jets can be more or less refined, either by varying their intensity, or by modifying the height of the dispensing head (8). These two systems can be used concomitantly, thus making it possible to obtain continuous stripes of great complexity, both in terms of design and coloring.

Les figures 3 et 4 illustrent respectivement en vue transversale et longitudinale une variante conforme à l'invention dans laquelle la tête de distribution de colo­rant (8) comporte une pluralité d'aérographes (9) dispo­sés en épis ainsi que cela est représenté à la figure 10.Figures 3 and 4 illustrate respectively in transverse and longitudinal view a variant according to the invention in which the dye dispensing head (8) comprises a plurality of airbrushes (9) arranged in spikes as shown in the figure 10.

Dans cette variante, le dispositif comprend également une table d'aspiration (1) et un obturateur réglable (7). Avantageusement, selon ce mode de réalisation, le dispo­sitif comporte un système d'enroulement complexe permettant :
- l'avancée du tissu maintenu droit fil ;
- son arrêt par repérage mécanique, optique, élec­tronique (une prise de robotisation étant prévue),
- la tension et l'aspiration de turbine le mainte­nant fixe dans sa position lors des différentes phases d'impression.
In this variant, the device also comprises a suction table (1) and an adjustable shutter (7). Advantageously, according to this embodiment, the device comprises a complex winding system allowing:
- the advancement of the fabric kept straight;
- its stopping by mechanical, optical, electronic tracking (a robotization socket being provided),
- the turbine voltage and suction keep it fixed in its position during the different printing phases.

Le pochoir (10) peut, ainsi que cela est représenté aux figures 3 et 4, se présenter sous la forme de châs­sis soit, éventuellement, sous la forme de feuille li­bre.The stencil (10) can, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, be in the form of frame or, optionally, in the form of free sheet.

Lorsque le pochoir se présente sous la forme de châssis, ces derniers seront adaptés à un mécanisme qui les positionne systématiquement et alternativement à un emplacement prédéterminé, cela afin de reconstituer un même dessin décomposé en plusieurs pochoirs nécessitant des repérages minutieux. Dans l'éventualité où l'on uti­lise comme pochoirs des feuilles continues, celles-ci, adaptées sur un système d'enroulement, défilent au dessus de l'étoffe pour se positionner dans un repérage prédé­terminé.When the stencil is in the form of a frame, the latter will be adapted to a mechanism which systematically and alternately positions them at a predetermined location, this in order to reconstitute the same drawing broken down into several stencils requiring meticulous location. In the event that continuous sheets are used as stencils, these, adapted on a winding system, scroll above the fabric to position themselves in a predetermined location.

Ainsi que cela ressort de la figure 3, la tête de distribution de colorant est, constituée d'une pluralité d'aérographes (10 dans le cas présent), disposés en épis de la manière représentée en détail à la figure 10. Cha­que aérographe est alimenté individuellement en colo­rants ainsi que par un produit de nettoyage et possède une purge permettant son nettoyage rapide. Les commandes d'ouvertures et de fermetures des aérographes sont com­mandées à distance, de façon mécanique ou électronique. Un organe de programmation, mémoire et ordres multiples, donné à ces aérographes, est prévu, Cet élément de vapo­risation est inscrit dans une structure se déplaçant ho­rizontalement au dessus du pochoir dans un mouvement longitudinal, transversal, et ses composés (mouvement de rapport (XY). Ce déplacement s'effectue mécaniquement. Un organe de programmation de commandes, de mémorisation et d'ordres est incorporé. Un réglage bas/haut peut être effectué en fonction de l'intensité de la vaporisation que l'on veut obtenir.As shown in Figure 3, the dye dispensing head is made up of a plurality of airbrushes (10 in this case), arranged in spikes as shown in detail in Figure 10. Each airbrush is supplied individually with dyes as well as a cleaning product and has a drain allowing its rapid cleaning. The controls for opening and closing aerographs are controlled remotely, mechanically or electronically. A programming unit, memory and multiple orders, given to these airbrushes, is provided. This spray element is inscribed in a structure moving horizontally above the stencil in a longitudinal, transverse movement, and its compounds (movement of report (XY). This movement takes place mechanically. A command, memorization and order programming unit is incorporated. A low / high adjustment can be made depending on the intensity of the vaporization that one wants to obtain.

La mise en oeuvre du dispositif illustré par les figures 3 et 4 est la suivante.The implementation of the device illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 is as follows.

L'étoffe (3) défile par intermittence sur le pla­teau (2) de la table (1). Cette étoffe (3) étant immo­bilisée, on positionne le pochoir approprié. Cela étant fait, l'aspiration produite par la turbine est commandée. L'opérateur (ou l'organe de commande d'automatisation) actionne la commande d'ouverture de l'aérographe corres­pondant au colorant à distribuer et, simultanément, ordon­ne le mouvement (rapport XY) de la rampe de distribution de colorant pour positionner le vaporisage et la couleur exactement à l'endroit désiré. Dans un même mouvement, plusieurs aérographes (9) peuvent être simultanément ou alternativement actionnés. Une telle possibilité a pour fonction de permettre l'utilisation de plusieurs colo­rants pour un même pochoir et d'offrir la possibilité de dégrader les couleurs entre elles, voire même de composer de nouvelles couleurs. Le colorant est vaporisé contre la surface de l'écran. Le système d'aspiration non seule­ment maintient parfaitement plaquée l'étoffe (3), mais, et c'est ce qui est sa première fonction, contraint le colorant à passer à travers les vides du pochoir, à péné­trer la fibre en son coeur, tout en évacuant le surplus. Durant ces opérations, bien que le dépôt de colorant con­formément à l'invention sous la forme d'un brouillard vaporisé (ou atomisé), il peut cependant être envisagé, notamment en fonction du degré hygrométrique de l'atelier où est réalisé le traitement, d'adjoindre à l'installa­tion une turbine pulsant de l'air, chaud ou froid, dirigé sur l'endroit même où le colorant est déposé sur le po­ choir et ce, pour favoriser le séchage instantané de ce dernier. Dès que l'impression d'un pochoir est effectuée, la vaporisation de colorant est stoppée et le positionne­ment du deuxième pochoir s'accomplit après arrêt ou diminution de l'action d'aspiration. Il convient de noter que, confor­mément à l'invention, il n'y a aucun temps de séchage.The fabric (3) scrolls intermittently on the plate (2) of the table (1). This fabric (3) being immobilized, the appropriate stencil is positioned. This being done, the suction produced by the turbine is controlled. The operator (or the automation control member) activates the opening control of the airbrush corresponding to the dye to be dispensed and, simultaneously, orders the movement (XY ratio) of the dye distribution ramp to position the spray and color exactly where desired. In the same movement, several airbrushes (9) can be simultaneously or alternately actuated. The function of such a possibility is to allow the use of several dyes for the same stencil and to offer the possibility of degrading the colors between them, or even of composing new colors. The dye is sprayed against the surface of the screen. The suction system not only keeps the fabric (3) perfectly pressed, but, and this is what is its first function, forces the dye to pass through the voids in the stencil, to penetrate the fiber at its heart, while evacuating the surplus. During these operations, although the deposition of dye in accordance with the invention in the form of a vaporized (or atomized) mist, it can however be envisaged, in particular depending on the hygrometric degree of the workshop where the treatment is carried out, add to the installation a turbine pulsating air, hot or cold, directed at the very place where the dye is deposited on the choir and this, to promote instant drying of the latter. As soon as a stencil is printed, the spraying of dye is stopped and the positioning of the second stencil is accomplished after stopping or reducing the suction action. It should be noted that, in accordance with the invention, there is no drying time.

Le processus de coloration est mis à nouveau à exé­cution selon le même procédé et ainsi de suite jusqu'à épuisement des pochoirs à traiter. C'est alors seulement que l'étoffe imprimée se déplacera pour recommencer le processus ci-dessus énuméré.The staining process is carried out again according to the same process and so on until the stencils to be treated have been used up. Only then will the printed fabric move to repeat the process listed above.

La figure 5 illustre une autre forme de réalisation d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention.FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a device according to the invention.

Par rapport aux exemples précités, ce dispositif se caractérise par le fait qu'il comporte un tapis rou­lant (12) constitué, par exemple, d'un tissu genre toile à tamis, à grosses mailles permettant le passage de l'air. Ce tapis roulant (12) est mu par un mécanisme permettant son avance ou son arrêt de façon précise et systématique. Le tissu (3) est véhiculé par ledit tapis roulant (12) et est maintenu plaqué à ce dernier par l'aspiration produite à l'intérieur de la table (1).Compared to the above examples, this device is characterized by the fact that it comprises a conveyor belt (12) consisting, for example, of a fabric like a sieve cloth, with large mesh allowing the passage of air. This conveyor belt (12) is driven by a mechanism allowing it to advance or stop in a precise and systematic manner. The fabric (3) is conveyed by said conveyor belt (12) and is kept pressed against the latter by the suction produced inside the table (1).

Au-dessus de l'étoffe (3) et dans son sens d'enrou­lement, sont positionnés les uns à la suite des autres différents pochoirs (10a,10b,10c) nécessaires à toute l'impression. Eventuellement, ces pochoirs peuvent être gravés sur un même châssis.Above the fabric (3) and in its winding direction, are positioned one after the other different stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) necessary for all printing. Optionally, these stencils can be engraved on the same frame.

Au-dessus de chaque châssis (10a,10b,10c), est prévu un système de séchage (11a,11b,11c) ainsi qu'une rampe d'aérographes en ligne (9a,9b,9c) couvrant la largeur du châssis et animé d'un mouvement horizontal, longitudinal ou transversal. Chaque aérographe est alimenté individuel­lement en colorants. La tête de distribution de colorant (8) ainsi réalisée peut également recevoir un réglage vertical.Above each frame (10a, 10b, 10c), there is a drying system (11a, 11b, 11c) as well as a line of airbrushes (9a, 9b, 9c) covering the width of the frame and driven in a horizontal, longitudinal or transverse movement. Each airbrush is supplied individually with dyes. The dye dispensing head (8) thus produced can also receive a vertical adjustment.

La mise en oeuvre du dispositif illustré par cette figure 5 est la suivante.The implementation of the device illustrated in this FIG. 5 is as follows.

La table d'aspiration étant en marche, l'étoffe (3) est assujettie au tapis roulant (12) qui la véhicule dans un mouvement défini, précis et programmable. Les pochoirs (10a, 10b, 10c) constituent l'ensemble du dessin à im­primer et sont positionnés en fonction d'un repérage pro­pre à reconstituer, une fois les diverses phases d'im­presions effectuées, le dessin initial. Le tissu (3) pris, entre les pochoirs (10a, 10b, 10c) et le tapis rou­lant (12), avance par intermittence à intervalles régu­liers et vient, par ce mouvement, se positionner succes­sivement sous les différents pochoirs. Par suite, le pochoir (10b) se trouvera superposé à l'impression du pochoir (10a), puis le pochoir (10c) se trouvera à son tour superposé à l'impression des pochoirs (10a) et (10b).With the suction table running, the fabric (3) is secured to the conveyor belt (12) which carries it in a defined, precise and programmable movement. The stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) constitute the whole of the drawing to be printed and are positioned according to a specific locating to reconstitute, once the various phases of printing carried out, the initial drawing. The fabric (3) taken, between the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) and the conveyor belt (12), advances intermittently at regular intervals and comes, by this movement, to position successively under the different stencils. Consequently, the stencil (10b) will be superimposed on the printing of the stencil (10a), then the stencil (10c) will in turn be superimposed on the printing of the stencils (10a) and (10b).

L'impression de ces trois pochoirs, bien qu'indé­pendante, peut être simultanée. Cette impression s'opère par un mouvement de balayage des rampes d'aérographes qui vaporisent le colorant. Chaque rampe couvrant un pochoir, le mouvement de ces rampes dans un plan horizontal, peut être longitudinal ou transversal.The printing of these three stencils, although independent, can be simultaneous. This impression is effected by a sweeping movement of the ramps of airbrushes which vaporize the dye. Each ramp covering a stencil, the movement of these ramps in a horizontal plane, can be longitudinal or transverse.

Les aérographes (9) étant alimentés individuellement en colorants, chacun ayant plusieurs arrivées de colorants, chaque balayage pourra être composé d'une couleur soit d'autant de couleurs que l'on voudra. Chaque aérographe peut, dans un même mouvement, distribuer autant de cou­leurs que son approvisionnement lui permet, le processus étant bien entendu soumis à une informatisation des données.The airbrushes (9) being supplied individually with dyes, each having several dye arrivals, each scan may be composed of one color or as many colors as desired. Each airbrush can, in the same movement, distribute as many colors as its supply allows, the process of course being subject to computerization of the data.

La figure 6 illustre une variante d'un dispositifi conforme à l'invention, variante qui peut être comparée à l'exemple décrit précédemment et illustré par la figure 5, si ce n'est que les pochoirs (10a, 10b, 10c) se présen­tent sous la forme d'un cylindre ou de bandes plus ou moins longues et circulaires. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les têtes de distribution de colorant (8) sont disposées à l'intérieur des cylindres constitués par les pochoirs (10a, 10b, 10c). Les têtes de distribution (8) comportent également, comme précédemment, des moyens de séchage des pochoirs.FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of a device according to the invention, a variant which can be compared to the example described above and illustrated by FIG. 5, except that the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) are are in the form of a cylinder or more or less long and circular bands. In this embodiment, the dye dispensing heads (8) are arranged inside the cylinders formed by the stencils (10a, 10b, 10c). The distribution heads (8) include also, as before, means for drying the stencils.

La mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif est la suivante.The implementation of this device is as follows.

Comme dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 5, le tissu (3) est véhiculé par le tapis roulant (12) et est maintenu plaqué à ce dernier par la table aspirante (1). Les pochoirs (10a,10b,10c) de forme cylindrique se trou­vent plaqués au tissu par le même phénomène d'aspiration et sont donc entraînés dans un même mouvement.As in the example illustrated in Figure 5, the fabric (3) is conveyed by the conveyor belt (12) and is kept pressed against the latter by the suction table (1). The stencils (10a, 10b, 10c) of cylindrical shape are pressed against the fabric by the same suction phenomenon and are therefore driven in the same movement.

Il est possible, grâce à cette installation, d'obte­nir une impression dite en continu.It is possible, thanks to this installation, to obtain a so-called continuous printing.

La figure 7 illustre une autre forme de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, comparable à celle faisant l'objet des figures 3 et 4, mais qui sont diffé­renciées essentiellement par la manière dont est réalisée la tête de distribution de colorant (8). Dans ce mode de réalisation, on substitue au mouvement XY de la rampe d'aérographes (9) une multitude d'aérographes et de grou­pes d'aérographes fixes couvrant, par leur vaporisation, toute la surface susceptible d'être imprimée. Chaque aé­rographe est alimenté individuellement en colorants et pos­sède individuellement un organe de mise en marche. On peut donc, en actionnant un choix défini d'aérographes, disposer une coloration complexe, précise et immédiate et cela sur un seul et même pochoir.FIG. 7 illustrates another form of implementation of the method according to the invention, comparable to that which is the subject of FIGS. 3 and 4, but which are essentially differentiated by the way in which the dye dispensing head (8) is produced. ). In this embodiment, the movement XY of the airbrush ramp (9) is replaced by a multitude of airbrushes and groups of fixed airbrushes covering, by their vaporization, the entire surface capable of being printed. Each airbrush is individually supplied with dyes and has an individual starting device. It is therefore possible, by actuating a defined choice of airbrushes, to have complex, precise and immediate coloring, and this on a single stencil.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits précédemment mais elle en couvre toutes les variantes réalisées dans le même esprit.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above but it covers all the variants produced in the same spirit.

Ainsi, si les aérographes utilisés peuvent être ali­mentés individuellement en colorant, il pourrait être en­visagé, ainsi que cela est illustré à la figure 8, d'ali­menter l'aérographe (9) au moyen de plusieurs colorants. Dans un tel cas, l'aérographe (9) proprement dit comporte une arrivée d'air (20) ainsi qu'un système (21) de régla­ge de débit de vaporisation. Cet aérographe est associé à un organe de robotisation (22) permettant d'actionner l'ouverture ou la fermeture. L'alimentation en colorant est, dans cet exemple de réalisation, réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit (23) débouchant dans la base de l'aérographe (9) et qui peut être alimenté soit au moyen d'un colorant déterminé (24) soit au moyen d'un second colorant (25), soit au moyen d'un produit nettoyant (26). Des vannes (28,29,30) sont prévues en fonction du produit à introduire à l'intérieur de l'aérographe. Par ailleurs, une purge (30) est également prévue, ce conduit (30) de purge comportant également une vanne (31). Il est donc possible, ainsi à l'aide d'un seul et même aéro­graphe, de lui faire délivrer des colorants différents.Thus, if the airbrushes used can be supplied with dye individually, it could be envisaged, as illustrated in FIG. 8, to supply the airbrush (9) by means of several dyes. In such a case, the airbrush (9) proper comprises an air inlet (20) as well as a system (21) for adjusting the spray rate. This airbrush is associated with a robotization member (22) for actuating the opening or closing. The dye supply is, in this embodiment, carried out by through a conduit (23) opening into the base of the airbrush (9) and which can be supplied either by means of a determined dye (24) or by means of a second dye (25), or with a cleaning product (26). Valves (28,29,30) are provided depending on the product to be introduced inside the airbrush. Furthermore, a purge (30) is also provided, this purge duct (30) also comprising a valve (31). It is therefore possible, thus using a single airbrush, to have it deliver different dyes.

Par ailleurs, tout autre dispositif permettant de provoquer une vaporisation ou atomisation du colorant pourrait être utilisé.Furthermore, any other device making it possible to cause vaporization or atomization of the dye could be used.

Enfin, si dans les exemples donnés précédemment, la table supportant la matière présente une surface plane, il pourrait être envisagé de lui donner une forme bombée.Finally, if in the examples given above, the table supporting the material has a flat surface, it could be envisaged to give it a convex shape.

Claims (10)

1/ Procédé d'embellissement par coloration d'étoffes (3) ou produits similaires perméables à l'air, qui consis­te à mettre à plat l'article à embellir, à produire une aspiration sous cet article et à projeter la matière colo­rante contre sa surface au moyen de buses, caractérisé par le fait que la matière colorante est projetée contre la surface de l'étoffe soud forme d'un brouillard vapori­sé ou atomisé permettant d'obtenir une fragmentation ex­trêmement ténue, voire moléculaire du colorant, évitant ainsi à ce dernier de mouiller l'étoffe, les particules étant suffisamment petities pour être séchées instantané­ment lors de leur contact avec ladite étoffe et cela, sous l'effet conjoint de leur petitesse et de la violente aspiration, aspiration qui permet de faire pénétrer à coeur le colorant dans l'étoffe, d'en évacuer l'excédent ainsi que de le véhiculer dans son parcours à l'air libre entre la sortie de la buse et l'étoffe.1 / Method of embellishment by coloring fabrics (3) or similar products permeable to air, which consists in laying flat the article to be embellished, in producing a suction under this article and in projecting the coloring matter against its surface by means of nozzles, characterized in that the coloring matter is projected against the surface of the welded fabric in the form of a vaporized or atomized mist making it possible to obtain an extremely slight, even molecular, fragmentation of the dye, thus avoiding this last to wet the fabric, the particles being small enough to be dried instantly upon contact with said fabric and this, under the combined effect of their smallness and the violent suction, suction which allows the dye to penetrate to the heart in the fabric, to evacuate the excess as well as to transport it in its course in the open air between the outlet of the nozzle and the fabric. 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la projection de colorant à l'état vaporisé est réalisée directement contre la face de l'étoffe (3).2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spraying of dye in the vaporized state is carried out directly against the face of the fabric (3). 3/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la projection de colorant contre la sur­face de l'étoffe est réalisée en interposant entre cet article et la source de colorant un écran ou pochoir.3 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection of dye against the surface of the fabric is carried out by interposing between this article and the source of dye a screen or stencil. 4/ Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que lors du dépôt de colorant, l'étoffe (3) est maintenue soit fixe soit au contraire déplacée à une vitesse constante ou non.4 / Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that during the deposition of dye, the fabric (3) is maintained either fixed or on the contrary moved at a constant speed or not. 5/ Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé se­lon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comportant :
- une table (1) présentant une zone perméable à l'air, cette zone étant soumise à l'action d'un système d'aspiration ;
- des buses (9) pour le dépôt de matière colorante à la surface de l'étoffe,
caractérisé par le fait que :
- les buses permettent de projeter le colorant, à l'état liquide, sous forme d'un brouillard de colorant vaporisé (ou atomisé) permettant donc un séchage prati­quement instantané de ladite matière colorante dès appli­cation sur l'étoffe ;
- l'aspiration produite sous l'étoffe est telle qu'elle permet : a) de véhiculer le colorant dès sa sortie de buse à coeur de l'étoffe et au travers du pochoir s'il existe, b) de sécher instantanément le colorant lors de son contact avec l'étoffe, c) de plaquer l'étoffe sur la table d'aspira­tion et de l'y maintenir lors des différentes phases de son impression, d) de plaquer le pochoir, s'il existe, contre l'étoffe, e) d'évacuer l'excédent des colorants ou autres produits atomisés.
5 / Device for implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
- a table (1) having an air permeable zone, this zone being subjected to the action of a suction system;
- nozzles (9) for depositing coloring matter on the surface of the fabric,
characterized by the fact that:
the nozzles make it possible to spray the dye, in the liquid state, in the form of a mist of vaporized (or atomized) dye, thus allowing practically instantaneous drying of said coloring matter as soon as it is applied to the fabric;
- the suction produced under the fabric is such that it allows: a) to convey the dye as soon as it leaves the nozzle at the heart of the fabric and through the stencil if it exists, b) to instantly dry the dye upon contact with the fabric, c) to place the fabric on the suction table and to keep it there during the different stages of its printing, d) press the stencil, if there is one, against the fabric, e) evacuate the excess of dyes or other atomized products.
6/ Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'un pochoir (10a, 10b..) est interposé en­tre l'étoffe et la source de colorant, un système addi­tionnel de séchage (11a, 11b..) tel qu'une turbine pul­sant de l'air, chaud ou froid, dirigé sur l'endroit même où le colorant est déposé sur le pochoir, étant prévu pour favoriser le séchage de ce dernier.6 / Device according to claim 5, characterized in that a stencil (10a, 10b ..) is interposed between the fabric and the dye source, an additional drying system (11a, 11b ..) such that a turbine pulsating air, hot or cold, directed at the very place where the dye is deposited on the stencil, being provided to promote the drying of the latter. 7/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une tête (8) de distribution de colorant, ces têtes de distribution étant déplaçables verticalement et/ou transversalement et/ou longitudinalement par rapport à la table (1) et la ou les buses (9) de distribution de colorant étant constituées par des aérographes de type connu.7 / Device according to one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it comprises a dye distribution head (8), these distribution heads being movable vertically and / or transversely and / or longitudinally relative to the table (1) and the dye distribution nozzle (s) (9) being constituted by airbrushes of known type. 8/ Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la tête distribution (8) de colorant comporte une pluralité de buses (9) disposées sous la forme d'une rampe, de manière fixe ou amovible, tran­versalement par rapport à l'étoffe (3).8 / Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the dispensing head (8) of dye comprises a plurality of nozzles (9) arranged in the form of a ramp, fixedly or removably, transversely relative to the fabric (3). 9/ Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que la tête de distribution (8) de colorant comporte une pluralité de buses (9) disposées en fais­ceau.9 / Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the dispensing head (8) of dye comprises a plurality of nozzles (9) arranged in a bundle. 10/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que chaque aérographe (9) est conçu de manière à pouvoir distribuer plusieurs colorants différents dans un mouvement sans interruption, le chan­gement de couleur se faisant instantanément.10 / Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that each airbrush (9) is designed so as to be able to distribute several different dyes in one movement without interruption, the color change being made instantly.
EP19850420219 1984-06-08 1985-12-06 Method for printing sheet-like material Expired - Lifetime EP0226687B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8409267A FR2565607B1 (en) 1984-06-08 1984-06-08 METHOD OF COLORING EMBELLISHMENT OF FABRICS OR THE LIKE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME
DE8585420219T DE3579818D1 (en) 1985-12-06 1985-12-06 METHOD FOR COLORING MATERIALS.
EP19850420219 EP0226687B1 (en) 1985-12-06 1985-12-06 Method for printing sheet-like material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19850420219 EP0226687B1 (en) 1985-12-06 1985-12-06 Method for printing sheet-like material

Publications (2)

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EP0226687A1 true EP0226687A1 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0226687B1 EP0226687B1 (en) 1990-09-19

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EP19850420219 Expired - Lifetime EP0226687B1 (en) 1984-06-08 1985-12-06 Method for printing sheet-like material

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EP (1) EP0226687B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3579818D1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2632663A1 (en) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-15 Papapietro Bernard Method for embellishing fabrics or similar articles by colouring, and device for implementing it
US5711994A (en) * 1995-12-08 1998-01-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Treated nonwoven fabrics
WO2001032971A1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Zhaocheng Jiang Continuous spray dyeing apparatus or dyeing range for accelerated dyeing with opening and vibration means of airflow
CN112921539A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-08 杭州宏鹰数码科技有限公司 Atomization spraying sizing device and method for digital printing pretreatment of high-density wool fabric
CN113062134A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-02 杭州宏鹰数码科技有限公司 Raschel blanket digital ink-jet printing method
CN113737413A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-03 东纶科技实业有限公司 Processing device and method for ultra-soft wiping spunlace non-woven fabric
CN117005123A (en) * 2023-10-08 2023-11-07 佛山市南海利致牛仔布有限公司 Efficient multi-functional thick liquid dyes equipment

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DE885534C (en) * 1951-05-20 1953-08-06 Briem Hengler & Cronemeyer K G Device for finishing webs of fabric
GB1059341A (en) * 1962-07-28 1967-02-15 Whitehead Chemical Company A method and apparatus for causing penetration of a substance into a porous material
FR2319433A1 (en) * 1975-07-28 1977-02-25 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE REPRODUCTION OF DRAWINGS ON AN ARTICLE, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A BAND, AS WELL AS AN INJECTION NOZZLE
FR2420432A1 (en) * 1978-03-20 1979-10-19 Brueckner Apparatebau Gmbh PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR PRINTING A TAPE TRANSPORTED STEP BY STEP
DE2932124A1 (en) * 1979-08-08 1981-02-26 Hoechst Ag Application of prepn. to cellulose and polyester piece goods - by high-rotational-speed sprinkler head and suction
DE3305907A1 (en) * 1983-02-21 1984-08-30 Anton Cramer GmbH & Co KG, 4402 Greven METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MARKING GAS-PERMEABLE FABRIC AND OTHER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR AUTOMATICALLY MARKING IN A MARKING STATION
FR2565607A1 (en) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-13 Papapietro Bernard Process for embellishing textiles or similar articles by colouring and device for its use

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE885534C (en) * 1951-05-20 1953-08-06 Briem Hengler & Cronemeyer K G Device for finishing webs of fabric
GB1059341A (en) * 1962-07-28 1967-02-15 Whitehead Chemical Company A method and apparatus for causing penetration of a substance into a porous material
FR2319433A1 (en) * 1975-07-28 1977-02-25 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE REPRODUCTION OF DRAWINGS ON AN ARTICLE, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A BAND, AS WELL AS AN INJECTION NOZZLE
FR2420432A1 (en) * 1978-03-20 1979-10-19 Brueckner Apparatebau Gmbh PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR PRINTING A TAPE TRANSPORTED STEP BY STEP
DE2932124A1 (en) * 1979-08-08 1981-02-26 Hoechst Ag Application of prepn. to cellulose and polyester piece goods - by high-rotational-speed sprinkler head and suction
DE3305907A1 (en) * 1983-02-21 1984-08-30 Anton Cramer GmbH & Co KG, 4402 Greven METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MARKING GAS-PERMEABLE FABRIC AND OTHER MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR AUTOMATICALLY MARKING IN A MARKING STATION
FR2565607A1 (en) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-13 Papapietro Bernard Process for embellishing textiles or similar articles by colouring and device for its use

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2632663A1 (en) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-15 Papapietro Bernard Method for embellishing fabrics or similar articles by colouring, and device for implementing it
US5711994A (en) * 1995-12-08 1998-01-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Treated nonwoven fabrics
WO2001032971A1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Zhaocheng Jiang Continuous spray dyeing apparatus or dyeing range for accelerated dyeing with opening and vibration means of airflow
CN112921539A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-08 杭州宏鹰数码科技有限公司 Atomization spraying sizing device and method for digital printing pretreatment of high-density wool fabric
CN113062134A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-02 杭州宏鹰数码科技有限公司 Raschel blanket digital ink-jet printing method
CN112921539B (en) * 2021-03-24 2023-08-18 杭州宏鹰数码科技有限公司 Atomizing spraying sizing device and method for digital printing pretreatment of high-pile fabric
CN113737413A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-03 东纶科技实业有限公司 Processing device and method for ultra-soft wiping spunlace non-woven fabric
CN113737413B (en) * 2021-09-09 2024-01-23 东纶科技实业有限公司 Processing device and method for ultra-soft wiping spunlaced non-woven fabric
CN117005123A (en) * 2023-10-08 2023-11-07 佛山市南海利致牛仔布有限公司 Efficient multi-functional thick liquid dyes equipment
CN117005123B (en) * 2023-10-08 2023-12-05 佛山市南海利致牛仔布有限公司 Efficient multi-functional thick liquid dyes equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0226687B1 (en) 1990-09-19
DE3579818D1 (en) 1990-10-25

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