EP0211784B1 - Kitchen hood - Google Patents

Kitchen hood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0211784B1
EP0211784B1 EP19860440053 EP86440053A EP0211784B1 EP 0211784 B1 EP0211784 B1 EP 0211784B1 EP 19860440053 EP19860440053 EP 19860440053 EP 86440053 A EP86440053 A EP 86440053A EP 0211784 B1 EP0211784 B1 EP 0211784B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
kitchen
hood
hood according
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860440053
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0211784A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Fritsch
Edgar Fritsch
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R FRITSCH SA
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R FRITSCH SA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8510608A external-priority patent/FR2584630B1/en
Application filed by R FRITSCH SA filed Critical R FRITSCH SA
Priority to AT86440053T priority Critical patent/ATE48907T1/en
Publication of EP0211784A1 publication Critical patent/EP0211784A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0211784B1 publication Critical patent/EP0211784B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a range hood for professional kitchens or individual family kitchens, comprising a rigid envelope provided, on the one hand, at its lower part, with a suction opening, arranged above cooking appliances such than cookers or other and, on the other hand, deflectors or suction pipes defining air circulation channels provided with water injection nozzles for degreasing cooking fumes.
  • a ventilation hood for the polluted air in fatty matter rising from the culinary appliances has a compartment with two walls.
  • This compartment contains a first filter composed of fine shavings of a stainless metal or any other type of known filter.
  • This filter is cooled by a circulation of cold water channeled between the two walls of the compartment. Through this filter, a large part of the impurities is retained, the polluted air being sucked in via a fan and then discharged by the latter into a washing compartment formed by a multitude of walls formed by baffles.
  • the cold water coming from the two-walled compartment is directed to a collector provided with a plurality of nozzles arranged between each interval separating two walls of the washing compartment.
  • the sprayed water mist is directed in the direction of advance of the polluted air, sometimes it is directed against this advance. Therefore, it is necessary that the fan is relatively large to overcome the resistance formed by the water mists projected in the opposite direction of the advancement of the polluted air.
  • these hoods are provided with filters intended to rid the cooking vapors of their grease, and these filters require frequent cleaning, especially when the kitchen is used intensively as is the case in particular for community kitchens or of restaurants.
  • an extractor hood comprising an extractable degreasing cartridge.
  • the latter is interposed between the hood inlet and a fan.
  • This fan sucks the polluted fat air through this degreasing cartridge.
  • This comprises a first series of parallel deflectors. At the entrance to this first series of deflectors is arranged a nozzle ramp whose water jets are directed in the direction of movement of the air. After passing through this first series of parallel deflectors, the polluted air is directed towards a second series of deflectors. Near this second series of deflectors is arranged a second nozzle boom with several branches. One of these branches projects the water in countercurrent with respect to the movement of the aspirated air.
  • this type of hood is characterized by a difficult and expensive maintenance and by a waste of energy since, whatever the degree of use of the kitchen at a given moment, the whole of the hood and the means of extraction must work.
  • the mechanical extraction of the vapors must be started both in the case where all the cooking elements or ranges are used, as in the case where only one cooking element is used.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a range hood for professional kitchens or individual family kitchens, comprising a rigid envelope provided, on the one hand, at its bottom, with '' a suction opening arranged above cooking appliances such as cookers or others and, on the other hand, deflectors or suction pipes defining air circulation channels provided with injection nozzles d water for degreasing cooking fumes, this hood further comprising means for extracting stale air from kitchen appliances and utensils constituted by the injection nozzles located near an opening made in one deflectors or at the inlet of the suction pipes creating vacuum zones and placed either between the deflectors defining the path of the stale air, or in the suction pipes arranged downstream of the path stale air, the treated air being reintroduced into the kitchen after treatment.
  • the hood 1 mainly consists of a rigid envelope 2, in particular made of stainless metal, and intended to be placed above cookers 3 or cooking appliances producing fatty vapors.
  • the hood 1 is preferably fixed to a wall or to a support by means of its rear face 4, so as to overhang the cooker 3 or the cooking utensils.
  • the hood 1 also has, at its lower part 5, a suction opening 6 disposed above the cooking utensil in order to capture the vapors.
  • suction means 7 intended to create vacuum zones 8 causing suction and circulation of stale air from cooking appliances and utensils.
  • the range hood 1 proposes to reintroduce the air which s '' rushes into the hood 1 after having rid it of dirt and grease vapors.
  • the aforementioned suction means 7 of the hood 1 are constituted by one or more water jets 9 coming from injection nozzles 10 arranged inside the hood.
  • these water jets 9 passing close to the openings 11 are intended to create a vacuum allowing suction of the stale air which engages in the suction opening 6.
  • the water jets 9 coming from the injection nozzles 10 are directed between deflectors 12 defining the path of the polluted air in the hood 1.
  • the means 8 for treating stale air consist of a mist 13 formed of fine water droplets, and created by the water jets 9.
  • This mist 13 makes it possible to fix the greases contained in the stale air, then to deposit them on the deflectors 12 by simple condensation of the mist 13. In this way, after its passage between the different deflectors 12, the air is freed from its fatty vapors and can be reinjected into the kitchen via a reinjection orifice 14 arranged in the upper part 15 of the rigid envelope 2.
  • the controls for starting and stopping the hood which usually consist of electrical switches for controlling the operation of an electric extractor, are here replaced by a simple tap 16 controlling the opening or closing of the injection nozzles 10, and placed for example on the front face 17 of the rigid casing 2 of the kitchen hood 1.
  • the implementation of the principle of suction and treatment of cooking vapors from the hood 1 according to the invention can take several embodiments, and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is not in no way limitative.
  • the deflectors 12 arranged inside the hood 1 define the air circulation channels 18, affecting the shape of baffles in order to lengthen the path of the air passing through the hood and thus allow more effective treatment.
  • deflectors 12 are distributed in two or more sets 19 of plates 20 arranged in parallel and in an inclination with respect to a horizontal plane, their lower ends 21 being oriented towards means 22 for collecting and evacuating waste water laden with impurities. and / or fats.
  • the plates 20 constituting the deflectors 12 can advantageously be arranged in the form of an inverted V (FIG. 1), while being offset with respect to each other, which allows the wastewater to flow only towards the recovery means. 22, while preventing drops of fat from falling from the hood onto the stove 3.
  • the means 22 for recovering and evacuating waste water are constituted by troughs 23 arranged in the lower part 5 of the rigid casing 2 of the hood 1, said troughs 23 opening into a collector 24 connected to an evacuation duct. 25 leading to the sewer.
  • the operation of the hood 1 according to the invention can be further improved by thermally connecting the deflectors 12 to a heat exchanger device in order to recover the energy contained in the form of heat in the stale hot air and transmitted by contact to said deflector 12.
  • the hood 1 according to the invention is characterized by great modularity, since a larger hood can be formed by a set of several elementary and independent kitchen hoods 1, juxtaposed or not above various cooking elements of a kitchen.
  • hoods 1 do not require connection to connecting pipes or air exhaust to the outside, as is the case for hoods known in the current state of the technical.
  • the hoods 1 according to the invention are therefore completely independent of the geometry and structure of the building.
  • the hood 1 according to the invention has among its advantages a very low manufacturing and operating cost, a total absence of maintenance since it is completely self-cleaning due to the circulation of water, and a fully functioning security.
  • the invention provides a second embodiment of the hood.
  • the hood 101 essentially consists of a rigid envelope 102 made of stainless metal, intended to be placed above stoves or cooking appliances 103 producing fatty vapors which it is necessary to regenerate.
  • the suction means of the hood 102 according to the invention must be effective enough to capture the fatty vapors well above the cooking appliance 103.
  • the suction means 107 of the hood 101 are hidden behind the front part 117 of the rigid casing 102 of relatively low height for considerations of space, and consist of suction pipes 134 cooperating with water jets 109 located at the entrance to said suction pipes 134.
  • suction pipes 134 cooperating with water jets 109 located at the entrance to said suction pipes 134.
  • the suction opening 106 comprises a suction funnel 130 directing the fatty and hot vapors towards a suction duct 131 into which it opens out by means of a suction neck 132.
  • the suction duct 131 preferably inclined towards the rear face 104 of the hood 101, optimally has a decreasing section from the suction neck 132, in order to accentuate the effect of depression created by the jets d 109.
  • suction duct 131 ends with an injection chamber 133 in which are housed the injection nozzles 110 creating the water jets 109.
  • these injection nozzles 110 are connected upstream to a water supply circuit via a pipe 111.
  • the fatty vapors collected Downstream of the water jets 109, the fatty vapors collected are mixed with a mist 113 of water droplets formed by said water jets 109, and consequently, the fatty vapors are ready to be regenerated by the hood 101 conforming to the invention.
  • the water jets 109, coming from the injection nozzles 131, are directed in the direction of circulation of the stale air.
  • the hood 101 comprises means for treating stale air, which also consist of the pipes 134 allowing the evacuation of fatty vapors and the reintroduction of the regenerated air into the kitchen space, thus contributing to operation in cycle formed by the hood 101.
  • nozzles 134 of any cross section but preferably circular, cooperate, on the one hand, with the water jets 109 and, on the other hand, with a drain collector 124 for fatty water, leading to the sewer by via an exhaust duct 125.
  • each pipe 134 is composed of two distinct sections, namely, on the one hand, a downward section 135 disposed between the injection chamber 109 and the discharge manifold 124 and, on the other hand, an upward section 136 disposed between the evacuation manifold 124 of fatty water, and an orifice 114 for injecting regenerated air into the kitchen.
  • Said descending 135 and ascending 136 sections are preferably communicating in the vicinity of their lower ends, at the level of the discharge manifold 124 in which they allow the drops of fatty water to drip as a result of the condensation of fatty vapors.
  • the walls 137 and 138 of each section 135 and 136 of tubing form condensation walls, along which the drops of waste water 139 flow into the discharge collector 124.
  • the fatty vapors are first collected by means of suction means 107 which are very efficient and discreet since they have a small footprint, then these fatty vapors are treated by the processing means 108 located in the vicinity of the rear face 104 of the hood, before the clean air, thus very economically and simply regenerated, is reintroduced into the kitchen at the orifice 114 to be reused.
  • hood 101 according to the invention can be subdivided into a certain number of identical elementary hoods and juxtaposed, in order to be able to modulate the suction capacity necessary according to the needs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une hotte de cuisine pour cuisines professionnelles ou cuisines individuelles familiales, comprenant une enveloppe rigide munie, d'une part, à sa partie inférieure, d'une ouverture d'aspiration, disposée au-dessus d'appareils de cuisson tels que cuisinères ou autres et, d'autre part, de déflecteurs ou de tubulures d'aspiration définissant des canaux de circulation d'air pourvus de buses d'injection d'eau pour le dégraissage des fumées culinaires.The invention relates to a range hood for professional kitchens or individual family kitchens, comprising a rigid envelope provided, on the one hand, at its lower part, with a suction opening, arranged above cooking appliances such than cookers or other and, on the other hand, deflectors or suction pipes defining air circulation channels provided with water injection nozzles for degreasing cooking fumes.

On connaît déjà des hottes de cuisine correspondant au paragraphe précédent.Kitchen hoods corresponding to the previous paragraph are already known.

Ainsi, on connaît déjà, par le document FR-A-1 364 147, une hotte de ventilation de l'air pollué en matières grasses s'élevant des appareils culinaires. Cette hotte comporte un compartiment à deux parois. Ce compartiment renferme un premier filtre composé de copeaux fins d'un métal inoxidable ou de tout autre type de filtre connu. Ce filtre est refroidi par une circulation d'eau froide canalisée entre les deux parois du compartiment. A travers ce filtre est retenue une grande partie des impuretés, l'air pollué étant aspiré par l'intermédiaire d'un ventilateur puis refoulé par ce dernier dans un compartiment de lavage formé d'une multitude de parois formées de chicanes. L'eau froid en provenance du compartiment à deux parois est dirigée vers un collecteur muni d'une pluralité de gicleurs disposés entre chaque intervalle séparant deux parois du compartiment de lavage. Tantôt le brouillard d'eau projeté est dirigé dans le sens d'avance de l'air pollué, tantôt il est dirigé contre cette avance. De ce fait, il est nécessaire que le ventilateur soit relativement important pour vaincre la résistance formée par les brouillards d'eau projetés en sens contraire de l'avancement de l'air pollué.Thus, we already know, from document FR-A-1 364 147, a ventilation hood for the polluted air in fatty matter rising from the culinary appliances. This hood has a compartment with two walls. This compartment contains a first filter composed of fine shavings of a stainless metal or any other type of known filter. This filter is cooled by a circulation of cold water channeled between the two walls of the compartment. Through this filter, a large part of the impurities is retained, the polluted air being sucked in via a fan and then discharged by the latter into a washing compartment formed by a multitude of walls formed by baffles. The cold water coming from the two-walled compartment is directed to a collector provided with a plurality of nozzles arranged between each interval separating two walls of the washing compartment. Sometimes the sprayed water mist is directed in the direction of advance of the polluted air, sometimes it is directed against this advance. Therefore, it is necessary that the fan is relatively large to overcome the resistance formed by the water mists projected in the opposite direction of the advancement of the polluted air.

Cependant, plusieurs inconvénients sont liés à ces hottes de cuisine.However, several drawbacks are linked to these range hoods.

En effet, ces hottes sont pourvues de filtres destinés à débarrasser les vapeurs de cuisson de leur graisse, et ces filtres nécessitent des nettoyages fréquents, surtout lorsque la cuisine est utilisée de façon intensive comme c'est le cas notamment pour les cuisines de collectivités ou de restaurants.Indeed, these hoods are provided with filters intended to rid the cooking vapors of their grease, and these filters require frequent cleaning, especially when the kitchen is used intensively as is the case in particular for community kitchens or of restaurants.

Compte tenu de la nécessité de ces nettoyages, il est clair que les performances et l'efficacité de ces hottes sont variables dans le temps, et plus précisément, diminuent entre deux nettoyages successifs.Given the need for these cleanings, it is clear that the performance and efficiency of these hoods are variable over time, and more specifically, decrease between two successive cleanings.

Par ailleurs, on connaît également, par le document US-A-4 103 676, une hotte d'aspiration comportant une cartouche de dégraissage extractible. Cette dernière est interposée entre l'entrée de la hotte et un ventilateur. Ce ventilateur aspire l'air pollué en matières grasses à travers cette cartouche de dégraissage. Celle-ci comporte une première série de déflecteurs parallèles. A l'entrée de cette première série de déflecteurs est disposée une rampe de gicleurs dont les jets d'eau sont dirigés dans le sens de déplacement de l'air. Après passage à travers cette première série de déflecteurs parallèles, l'air pollué est dirigé vers une seconde série de déflecteurs. A proximité de cette seconde série de déflecteurs est disposée une seconde rampe de gicleurs à plusieurs branches. Une de ces branches projette l'eau à contrecourant par rapport au mouvement de l'air aspiré.Furthermore, there is also known from document US-A-4,103,676, an extractor hood comprising an extractable degreasing cartridge. The latter is interposed between the hood inlet and a fan. This fan sucks the polluted fat air through this degreasing cartridge. This comprises a first series of parallel deflectors. At the entrance to this first series of deflectors is arranged a nozzle ramp whose water jets are directed in the direction of movement of the air. After passing through this first series of parallel deflectors, the polluted air is directed towards a second series of deflectors. Near this second series of deflectors is arranged a second nozzle boom with several branches. One of these branches projects the water in countercurrent with respect to the movement of the aspirated air.

S'il est vrai que dans ce type de hotte on a supprimé l'inconvénient du filtre, il n'en est pas moins vrai que la hotte d'aspiration selon ce document présente un même inconvénient majeur que la hotte décrite ci-dessus. En effet, ces hottes connues sont placées au-dessus des éléments de cuisson de la cuisine et sont connectées par ailleurs à un dispositif d'extraction mécanique de l'air vicié, tel qu'un extracteur aspirant l'air chargé de vapeurs grasses et l'amenant vers l'extérieur par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite centrale d'extraction de fort diamètre.While it is true that in this type of hood, the drawback of the filter has been eliminated, it is nonetheless true that the suction hood according to this document has the same major drawback as the hood described above. Indeed, these known hoods are placed above the cooking elements of the kitchen and are also connected to a mechanical device for extracting stale air, such as an extractor aspirating the air charged with fatty vapors and bringing it outwards via a large diameter central extraction pipe.

Par conséquent, ce type de hotte se caractérise par un entretien difficile et onéreux et par un gaspillage d'énergie puisque, quel que soit le degré d'utilisation de la cuisine à un instant donné, l'ensemble de la hotte et des moyen d'extraction doit fonctionner. Ainsi, l'extraction mécanique des vapeurs doit être mise en route aussi bien dans le cas où tous les éléments de cuisson ou cusinières sont utilisés, que dans le cas où un seul élément de cuisson est utilisé.Consequently, this type of hood is characterized by a difficult and expensive maintenance and by a waste of energy since, whatever the degree of use of the kitchen at a given moment, the whole of the hood and the means of extraction must work. Thus, the mechanical extraction of the vapors must be started both in the case where all the cooking elements or ranges are used, as in the case where only one cooking element is used.

Enfin, du fait de la cohabitation d'un extracteur généralement entraîné électriquement et des vapeurs grasses, un risque d'incendie n'est jamais à exclure.Finally, due to the coexistence of a generally electrically driven extractor and fatty vapors, a fire risk can never be excluded.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients. L'invention, telle qu'elle est caractérisée dans les revendications, résout le problème consistant à créer une hotte de cuisine pour.cuisines professionnelles ou cuisines individuelles familiales, comprenant une enveloppe rigide munie, d'une part, à sa partie inférieure, d'une ouverture d'aspiration disposée au-dessus d'appareils de cuisson tels que cuisinères ou autres et, d'autre part, de déflecteurs ou de tubulures d'aspiration définissant des canaux de circulation d'air pourvus de buses d'injection d'eau pour le dégraissage des fumées culinaires, cette hotte comportant en outre des moyens d'aspiration de l'air vicié issu des appareils et ustensiles de cuisine constitués par les buses d'injection situées à proximité d'une ouverture réalisée dans l'un des déflecteurs ou à l'entrée des tubulures d'aspiration créant des zones de dépression et placées soit entre les déflecteurs définissant le cheminement de l'air vicié, soit dans les tubulures d'aspiration disposées en aval du cheminement de l'airvicié, l'air traité étant réintroduit dans la cuisine après traitement.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a range hood for professional kitchens or individual family kitchens, comprising a rigid envelope provided, on the one hand, at its bottom, with '' a suction opening arranged above cooking appliances such as cookers or others and, on the other hand, deflectors or suction pipes defining air circulation channels provided with injection nozzles d water for degreasing cooking fumes, this hood further comprising means for extracting stale air from kitchen appliances and utensils constituted by the injection nozzles located near an opening made in one deflectors or at the inlet of the suction pipes creating vacuum zones and placed either between the deflectors defining the path of the stale air, or in the suction pipes arranged downstream of the path stale air, the treated air being reintroduced into the kitchen after treatment.

Les avantages obtenus grâce à cette invention consistent essentiellement en ce que l'on supprime non seulement toute utilisation de filtres mais également tous moyens mécaniques d'extraction de l'air vicié, cest-à-dire que l'on confère à la hotte selon l'invention une certaine indépendance. En effet, pour les hottes connues selon l'état de la technique antérieur, il était nécessaire de tenir compte de la structure du bâtiment pour le passage des conduites d'évacuation reliant les hottes aux moyens mécaniques, à savoir aux ventilateurs d'extraction de l'air vicié. Il en résultait forcément une limitation de la disposition des appareils de cuisson. Un autre avantage de l'invention consiste dans le fait qu'il est possible de juxtaposer des hottes sans être tributaire de la disposition et de la puissance des ventilateurs.The advantages obtained thanks to this invention consist essentially in that it eliminates not only any use of filters but also all mechanical means of extracting stale air, that is to say that one confers on the hood according to the invention a certain independence. Indeed, for the hoods known according to the state of the prior art, it was necessary to take into account the structure of the building for the passage of the exhaust pipes connecting the hoods to the mechanical means, namely to the exhaust fans of looking stale. This necessarily resulted in a limitation of the arrangement of cooking appliances. Another advantage of the invention consists in the fact that it is possible to juxtapose hoods without being dependent on the arrangement and the power of the fans.

L'invention est exposée ci-après plus en détail à l'aide de dessins représentant seulement deux modes d'exécution.

  • La figure 1 représente en élévation et en coupe un premier mode d'exécution d'une hotte de cuisine conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente en élévation une vue de face de la hotte de cuisine représentée dans la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 représente en élévation et en coupe un second mode d'exécution d'une hotte de cuisine conforme à l'invention.
The invention is set out below in more detail at using drawings representing only two embodiments.
  • Figure 1 shows in elevation and in section a first embodiment of a kitchen hood according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows in elevation a front view of the kitchen hood shown in FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows in elevation and in section a second embodiment of a kitchen hood according to the invention.

On se réfère aux figures 1 et 2.We refer to Figures 1 and 2.

La hotte 1 selon l'invention se compose principalement d'une enveloppe rigide 2, notamment en métal inoxydable, et destinée à être placée au-dessus de cuisinières 3 ou d'appareils de cuisson produisant des vapeurs grasses. La hotte 1 est de préférence fixée à un mur ou à un support par l'intermédiaire de sa face arrière 4, de façon à surplomber la cuisinère 3 ou les ustensiles de cuisson.The hood 1 according to the invention mainly consists of a rigid envelope 2, in particular made of stainless metal, and intended to be placed above cookers 3 or cooking appliances producing fatty vapors. The hood 1 is preferably fixed to a wall or to a support by means of its rear face 4, so as to overhang the cooker 3 or the cooking utensils.

La hotte 1 comporte également à sa partie inférieure 5, une ouverture d'aspiration 6 disposée au-dessus de l'ustensile de cuisson afin d'en capter les vapeurs.The hood 1 also has, at its lower part 5, a suction opening 6 disposed above the cooking utensil in order to capture the vapors.

Bien entendu, du fait de leur température relativement élevée, les vapeurs de cuisson ont tendance à s'introduire par elles-mêmes dans l'ouverture d'aspiration 6. Cependant, pour une meilleure efficacité de la hotte 1, celle-ci est pourvue de moyens d'aspiration 7 destinés à créer des zones de dépression 8 provoquant une aspiration et une circulation de l'air vicié issu des appareils et ustensiles de cuisson.Of course, because of their relatively high temperature, cooking vapors tend to introduce themselves into the suction opening 6. However, for better efficiency of the hood 1, it is provided suction means 7 intended to create vacuum zones 8 causing suction and circulation of stale air from cooking appliances and utensils.

Alors que dans les hottes de cuisine connues dans l'état actuel de la technique, les vapeurs de cuisson extraites sont destinées à être éjectées vers l'extérieur, la hotte de cuisine 1 selon l'invention se propose de réintroduire l'air qui s'engouffre dans la hotte 1 après l'avoir débarrassé des impuretés et des vapeurs de graisse.While in the range hoods known in the current state of the art, the extracted cooking vapors are intended to be ejected towards the outside, the range hood 1 according to the invention proposes to reintroduce the air which s '' rushes into the hood 1 after having rid it of dirt and grease vapors.

Selon l'invention, les moyens d'aspiration 7 précités de la hotte 1 sont constitués par un ou plusierus jets d'eau 9 issus de buses d'injection 10 disposées à l'intérieur de la hotte.According to the invention, the aforementioned suction means 7 of the hood 1 are constituted by one or more water jets 9 coming from injection nozzles 10 arranged inside the hood.

Ainsi, selon l'invention, ces jets d'eau 9 passant à proximité des ouvertures 11 (figure 1 ) sont destinés à créer une dépression permettant d'aspirer l'air vicié qui s'engage dans l'ouverture d'aspiration 6.Thus, according to the invention, these water jets 9 passing close to the openings 11 (FIG. 1) are intended to create a vacuum allowing suction of the stale air which engages in the suction opening 6.

Selon la réalisation préférentielle de l'invention représentée figure 1, les jets d'eau 9 issus des buses d'injection 10 sont dirigés entre des déflecteurs 12 définissant le cheminement de l'airvicié dans la hotte 1.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, the water jets 9 coming from the injection nozzles 10 are directed between deflectors 12 defining the path of the polluted air in the hood 1.

Bien entendu, pour que l'air vicié issu des appareils de cuisson puisse être réintroduit dans la cuisine après son passage dans la hotte 1, il est nécessaire que celle-ci procède à son traitement, c'est-à-dire que l'air vicié soit débarassé des fumées éventuelles et des traces de graisse. A cet effet, les moyens de traitement 8 de l'air vicié sont constitués par un brouillard 13 formé de fines gouttelettes d'eau, et créé par les jets d'eau 9.Of course, so that the stale air from the cooking appliances can be reintroduced into the kitchen after it has passed through the hood 1, it is necessary for the latter to carry out its treatment, that is to say that the stale air is rid of any fumes and traces of grease. To this end, the means 8 for treating stale air consist of a mist 13 formed of fine water droplets, and created by the water jets 9.

Ce brouillard 13 permet de fixer les graisses contenues dans l'air vicié, puis de les déposer sur les déflecteurs 12 par simple condensation du brouillard 13. De cette façon, après son passage entre les différents déflecteurs 12, l'air se trouve débarrassé de ses vapeurs grasses et peut être réinjecté dans la cuisine par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice de réinjection 14 aménagé dans la partie supérieure 15 de l'enveloppe rigide 2.This mist 13 makes it possible to fix the greases contained in the stale air, then to deposit them on the deflectors 12 by simple condensation of the mist 13. In this way, after its passage between the different deflectors 12, the air is freed from its fatty vapors and can be reinjected into the kitchen via a reinjection orifice 14 arranged in the upper part 15 of the rigid envelope 2.

Bien entendu, dans le cadre de la présente invention, les commandes pour la mise en route et l'arrêt de la hotte, qui sont habituellement constituées par des interrupteurs électriques destinés à commander le fonctionnement d'un extracteur électrique, sont ici remplacées par un simple robinet 16 commandant l'ouverture ou la fermeture des buses d'injection 10, et placé par exemple sur la face avant 17 de l'enveloppe rigide 2 de la hotte du cuisine 1.Of course, in the context of the present invention, the controls for starting and stopping the hood, which usually consist of electrical switches for controlling the operation of an electric extractor, are here replaced by a simple tap 16 controlling the opening or closing of the injection nozzles 10, and placed for example on the front face 17 of the rigid casing 2 of the kitchen hood 1.

Par ailleurs, la mise en oeuvre du principe d'aspiration et de traitement des vapeurs de cuisson de la hotte 1 conforme à l'invention peut revêtir plusieurs formes de réalisation, et le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 n'est nullement limitatif. Dans ce mode de réalisation particulier, les déflecteurs 12 disposés à l'intérieur de la hotte 1 définissent les canaux 18 de circulation d'air, affectant la forme de chicanes afin d'allonger le trajet de l'air traversant la hotte et permettre ainsi un traitement plus efficace.Furthermore, the implementation of the principle of suction and treatment of cooking vapors from the hood 1 according to the invention can take several embodiments, and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is not in no way limitative. In this particular embodiment, the deflectors 12 arranged inside the hood 1 define the air circulation channels 18, affecting the shape of baffles in order to lengthen the path of the air passing through the hood and thus allow more effective treatment.

Ces déflecteurs 12 sont répartis en deux ou plusieurs ensembles 19 de plaques 20 disposées parallèlement et de façon inclinée par rapport à un plan horizontal, leurs extrémités inférieures 21 étant orientées vers des moyens 22 de récuperation et d'évacuation des eaux usées chargées d'impuretés et/ou de graisses.These deflectors 12 are distributed in two or more sets 19 of plates 20 arranged in parallel and in an inclination with respect to a horizontal plane, their lower ends 21 being oriented towards means 22 for collecting and evacuating waste water laden with impurities. and / or fats.

Cette inclinaison conférée aux diverses plaques 20 permet d'obtenir, après condensation, le ruissellement du mélange de graisse et d'eau à des fins d'évacuation. De plus, les plaques 20 constituant les déflecteurs 12 peuvent être disposées avantageusement en forme de V renversé (figure 1 ), tout en étant décalées les unes par rapport aux autres, ce qui permet de faire ruisseler les eaux usées uniquement vers les moyens de récupération 22, tout en évitant que des gouttes de graisse ne tombent de la hotte sur la cuisinière 3.This inclination imparted to the various plates 20 makes it possible to obtain, after condensation, the runoff of the mixture of grease and water for the purpose of evacuation. In addition, the plates 20 constituting the deflectors 12 can advantageously be arranged in the form of an inverted V (FIG. 1), while being offset with respect to each other, which allows the wastewater to flow only towards the recovery means. 22, while preventing drops of fat from falling from the hood onto the stove 3.

Les moyens 22 de récuperation et d'évacuation des eaux usées sont constitués par des goulottes 23 aménagées dans la partie inférieure 5 de l'enveloppe rigide 2 de la hotte 1, lesdites goulottes 23 débouchant dans un collecteur 24 relié à un conduit d'évacuation 25 menant à l'égout.The means 22 for recovering and evacuating waste water are constituted by troughs 23 arranged in the lower part 5 of the rigid casing 2 of the hood 1, said troughs 23 opening into a collector 24 connected to an evacuation duct. 25 leading to the sewer.

Il est à noter que le fonctionnement de la hotte 1 conforme à l'invention peut encore être amélioré en reliant thermiquement les déflecteurs 12 à un dispositif échangeur de chaleur afin de récupérer l'énergie contenue sous forme de chaleur dans l'air chaud vicié et transmise par contact audit déflecteur 12.It should be noted that the operation of the hood 1 according to the invention can be further improved by thermally connecting the deflectors 12 to a heat exchanger device in order to recover the energy contained in the form of heat in the stale hot air and transmitted by contact to said deflector 12.

En outre, la hotte 1 conforme à l'invention se caractérise par une grande modularité, puisqu'une hotte de plus grande dimension peut être consituée par un ensemble de plusieurs hottes de cuisine 1 élémentaires et indépendantes, juxtaposées ou non au-dessus de divers éléments de cuisson d'une cuisine. De plus, de par leur conception, les hottes 1 ne nécessitent pas la connexion à des tubulures de raccordement ou d'évacuation d'air vers l'extérieur, comme c'est le cas pour les hottes connues dans l'état actuel de la technique. Les hottes 1 selon l'invention sont, de ce fait, complètement indépendantes de la géométrie et de la structure du bâtiment.In addition, the hood 1 according to the invention is characterized by great modularity, since a larger hood can be formed by a set of several elementary and independent kitchen hoods 1, juxtaposed or not above various cooking elements of a kitchen. In addition, by design, hoods 1 do not require connection to connecting pipes or air exhaust to the outside, as is the case for hoods known in the current state of the technical. The hoods 1 according to the invention are therefore completely independent of the geometry and structure of the building.

Enfin, la hotte 1 conforme à l'invention compte parmi ses avantages un coût de fabrication et de fonctionnement très faible, une absence totale d'entretien puisqu'elle est totalement autonettoyante du fait de la circulation d'eau, et un fonctionnement en toute sécurité.Finally, the hood 1 according to the invention has among its advantages a very low manufacturing and operating cost, a total absence of maintenance since it is completely self-cleaning due to the circulation of water, and a fully functioning security.

Cependant, on risque que des gouttes d'eau chargées de graisse tombent sur les appareils de cuisson disposés sous la hotte. Pour éliminer totalement ce risque, l'invention prévoit un second mode d'exécution de la hotte.However, there is a risk that drops of water loaded with grease may fall on the cooking appliances placed under the hood. To completely eliminate this risk, the invention provides a second embodiment of the hood.

On se réfère à la figure 3.We refer to figure 3.

La hotte 101 selon l'invention se compose essentiellement d'une enveloppe rigide 102 en métal inoxydable, destinée à être disposée au-dessus de cuisinières ou d'appareils de cuisson 103 produisant des vapeurs grasses qu'il est nécessaire de régénérer.The hood 101 according to the invention essentially consists of a rigid envelope 102 made of stainless metal, intended to be placed above stoves or cooking appliances 103 producing fatty vapors which it is necessary to regenerate.

Comme les appareils de cuisson comportent souvent un couvercle rabattable d'assez grandes dimensions et qu'il faut pouvoir l'amener en position verticale l'espace disponible entre la partie supérieure de l'appareil de cuisson et la hotte 101 doit être suffisant. Il en découle que les moyens d'aspiration de la hotte 102 conforme à l'invention doivent être suffisamment efficaces pour capter les vapeurs grasses bien au-dessus de l'appareil de cuisson 103.As cooking appliances often have a hinged cover of fairly large dimensions and it must be possible to bring it into a vertical position the space available between the upper part of the cooking appliance and the hood 101 must be sufficient. It follows that the suction means of the hood 102 according to the invention must be effective enough to capture the fatty vapors well above the cooking appliance 103.

A cet effet, les moyens d'aspiration 107 de la hotte 101 sont cachés derrière la partie frontale 117 de l'enveloppe rigide 102 de hauteur relativement faible pour des considérations d'encombrement, et se composent de tubulures d'aspiration 134 coopérant avec des jets d'eau 109 situés à l'entrée desdites tubulures d'aspiration 134. De cette façon, la collecte des vapeurs grasses se fait selon le même principe que celui décrit ci-dessus, à savoir la création de zones de dépression 108.To this end, the suction means 107 of the hood 101 are hidden behind the front part 117 of the rigid casing 102 of relatively low height for considerations of space, and consist of suction pipes 134 cooperating with water jets 109 located at the entrance to said suction pipes 134. In this way, the collection of fatty vapors is done according to the same principle as that described above, namely the creation of vacuum zones 108.

L'ouverture d'aspiration 106 comporte un entonnoir d'aspiration 130 dirigeant les vapeurs grasses et chaudes vers un conduit d'aspiration 131 dans lequel il débouche par l'intermédiaire d'un goulot d'aspiration 132.The suction opening 106 comprises a suction funnel 130 directing the fatty and hot vapors towards a suction duct 131 into which it opens out by means of a suction neck 132.

Le conduit d'aspiration 131, de préférence incliné vers la face arrière 104 de la hotte 101, possède de façon optimale une section décroissante à partir du goulot d'aspiration 132, afin d'accentuer l'effet de dépression créé par les jets d'eau 109.The suction duct 131, preferably inclined towards the rear face 104 of the hood 101, optimally has a decreasing section from the suction neck 132, in order to accentuate the effect of depression created by the jets d 109.

En outre, le conduit d'aspiration 131 se termine par une chambre d'injection 133 dans laquelle sont logées les buses d'injection 110 créant les jets d'eau 109. Bien entendu, ces buses d'injection 110 sont connectées en amont à un circuit d'amenée d'eau par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite 111.In addition, the suction duct 131 ends with an injection chamber 133 in which are housed the injection nozzles 110 creating the water jets 109. Of course, these injection nozzles 110 are connected upstream to a water supply circuit via a pipe 111.

En aval des jets d'eau 109, les vapeurs grasses collectées sont mélangées à un brouillard 113 de gouttelettes d'eau formées par lesdits jets d'eau 109, et par suite, les vapeurs grasses sont prêtes à être régénérées par la hotte 101 conforme à l'invention.Downstream of the water jets 109, the fatty vapors collected are mixed with a mist 113 of water droplets formed by said water jets 109, and consequently, the fatty vapors are ready to be regenerated by the hood 101 conforming to the invention.

Les jets d'eau 109, en provenance des buses d'injection 131, sont dirigés dans le sens de circulation de l'air vicié.The water jets 109, coming from the injection nozzles 131, are directed in the direction of circulation of the stale air.

La hotte 101 comporte des moyens de traitement de l'air vicié, qui sont constitués également par les tubulures 134 permettant l'évacuation des vapeurs grasses et la réintroduction de l'air régénéré dans l'espace de la cuisine, contribuant ainsi à un fonctionnement en cycle formé de la hotte 101.The hood 101 comprises means for treating stale air, which also consist of the pipes 134 allowing the evacuation of fatty vapors and the reintroduction of the regenerated air into the kitchen space, thus contributing to operation in cycle formed by the hood 101.

Ces tubulures 134, de section quelconque mais de préference circulaire, coopèrent, d'une part, avec les jets d'eau 109 et, d'autre part, avec un collecteur d'evacuation 124 des eaux grasses, menant à l'égout par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit d'évacuation 125.These nozzles 134, of any cross section but preferably circular, cooperate, on the one hand, with the water jets 109 and, on the other hand, with a drain collector 124 for fatty water, leading to the sewer by via an exhaust duct 125.

En effet, chaque tubulure 134 se compose de deux tronçons distincts, à savoir, d'une part, une section descendante 135 disposée entre la chambre d'injection 109 et le collecteur d'évacuation 124 et, d'autre part, une section ascendante 136 disposée entre le collecteur d'évacuation 124 des eaux grasses, et un orifice 114 d'injection de l'air régénéré dans la cuisine.Indeed, each pipe 134 is composed of two distinct sections, namely, on the one hand, a downward section 135 disposed between the injection chamber 109 and the discharge manifold 124 and, on the other hand, an upward section 136 disposed between the evacuation manifold 124 of fatty water, and an orifice 114 for injecting regenerated air into the kitchen.

Lesdites sections descendante 135 et ascendante 136 sont de préférence communicantes au voisinage de leurs extrémités inférieures, au niveau du collecteur d'évacuation 124 dans lequel elles permettent aux gouttes d'eau grasse de s'égoutter par suite de la condensation des vapeurs grasses. En effet, les parois 137 et 138 de chaque section 135 et 136 de tubulure, forment des parois de condensation, le long desquelles les gouttes d'eau usée 139 s'écoulent jusque dans le collecteur d'évacuation 124.Said descending 135 and ascending 136 sections are preferably communicating in the vicinity of their lower ends, at the level of the discharge manifold 124 in which they allow the drops of fatty water to drip as a result of the condensation of fatty vapors. In fact, the walls 137 and 138 of each section 135 and 136 of tubing form condensation walls, along which the drops of waste water 139 flow into the discharge collector 124.

Ainsi, pendant le fonctionnement de la hotte 101 selon l'invention, les vapeurs grasses sont d'abord collectées par l'intermédiaire de moyens d'aspiration 107 très efficaces et discrets car possédant un faible encombrement, puis ces vapeurs grasses sont traitées par les moyens de traitement 108 situés au voisinage de la face arrière 104 de la hotte, avant que l'air propre, ainsi régénéré très économiquement et simplement, ne soit réintroduit dans la cuisine au niveau de l'orifice 114 pour être réutilisé.Thus, during the operation of the hood 101 according to the invention, the fatty vapors are first collected by means of suction means 107 which are very efficient and discreet since they have a small footprint, then these fatty vapors are treated by the processing means 108 located in the vicinity of the rear face 104 of the hood, before the clean air, thus very economically and simply regenerated, is reintroduced into the kitchen at the orifice 114 to be reused.

Par ailleurs, il est évident que la hotte 101 conforme à l'invention peut être subdivisée en un certain nombre de hottes élémentaires identiques et juxtaposées, afin de pouvoir moduler la capacité d'aspiration nécessaire en fonction des besoins.Furthermore, it is obvious that the hood 101 according to the invention can be subdivided into a certain number of identical elementary hoods and juxtaposed, in order to be able to modulate the suction capacity necessary according to the needs.

Claims (9)

1. A kitchen hood (1, 101 for professional kitchens or individual domestic kitchens, comprising a rigid mantle (2, 102) fitted, firstly, at its lower part (5, 105) with an exhaust intake orifice (6, 106) disposed above the cooking appliances such as cookers or other, and, secondly, with exhaust baffles (2, 112) or ducts (134) defining air circulation conduits (18, 118) provided with water injection nozzles (10, 110) for degreasing cooking fumes, characterised in that it comprises means for exhausting the contaminated air emanating from kitchen appliances and utensils, constituted by water injection nozzles (10, 110) located in proximity of an aperture (11) formed in one of the baffles (12) or at the inlet of the exhaust duct (134) creating low-pressure zones (8, 108) and placed either between the baffles (12) defining the conveying direction of the contaminated air or in the exhaust ducts (134) disposed downstream of the exhaust of contaminated air, the treated air being returned into the kitchen after treatment.
2. A kitchen hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that the injection nozzles (10, 110) comprise water jets (9, 109) oriented in the direction of conveying of contaminated air, which engage in the exhaust inlet (6, 106) of the hood (1).
3. A kitchen hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that the baffles (12) are thermally connected to a heat exchanger for recovering the energy contained in the hot, contaminated air.
4. A kitchen hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that the exhaust ducts (134) cooperate with the exhaust inlet (106) as well as with a collector (124) of the greasy effluents discharging to the sewers.
5. A kitchen hood according to Claim 4, characterised in that the exhaust inlet (106) comprises an exhaust funnel (130) opening into the exhaust ducts (131) by way of an exhaust port (132), said exhaust ducts (131) terminating in injection chambers (133).
6. A kitchen hood according to Claim 5, characterised in that the said exhaust ducts (131) have a decreasing cross-section between the exhaust port (132) and the injection chamber (133).
7. A kitchen hood according to Claim 1, characterised in that the said exhaust ducts (134) are composed, firstly, of a descending section (135) disposed between the injection chamber (133) and the discharge collector (124) and, secondly, of an ascending section (136) disposed between the discharge collector (124) of greasy effluents and the injection port (114) of regenerated air.
8. A kitchen hood according to Claim 7, characterised in that the descending (135) and ascending (136) sections of the exhaust ducts (134) communicate with each other at the level of the discharge collector (124) and are each provided with walls (137, 138) for condensing greasy vapours.
9. A kitchen hood according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that it consists of a set of several modular and independent kitchen hoods, juxtaposed or not, each comprising low-pressure zones (8, 108).
EP19860440053 1985-07-09 1986-06-30 Kitchen hood Expired EP0211784B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86440053T ATE48907T1 (en) 1985-07-09 1986-06-30 KITCHEN HOOD.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8510608A FR2584630B1 (en) 1985-07-09 1985-07-09 KITCHEN HOOD
FR8510608 1985-07-09
FR8602777A FR2594725B2 (en) 1985-07-09 1986-02-26 KITCHEN HOOD
FR8602777 1986-02-26

Publications (2)

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EP0211784A1 EP0211784A1 (en) 1987-02-25
EP0211784B1 true EP0211784B1 (en) 1989-12-20

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EP19860440053 Expired EP0211784B1 (en) 1985-07-09 1986-06-30 Kitchen hood

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EP (1) EP0211784B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3667720D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2000472A6 (en)
FR (1) FR2594725B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4020762A1 (en) * 1990-02-10 1991-08-14 Hans Dieter Voelk Odourless grill and hotplate accessible from front only - are installed above tray and suction system for trapping and extn. of vapours from circulating air
DE10020205C5 (en) * 2000-04-25 2004-06-03 Reiner Heede Extractor hood with condensate separator

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2749197A1 (en) * 1996-05-28 1997-12-05 Frima Sa Cooker hood for industrial unit for steam cooking food
DE19912913A1 (en) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-28 Manfred H Langner Method and device for cleaning extractor hoods
US8475244B2 (en) 2009-10-05 2013-07-02 Lincoln Global, Inc. Fume hood having V-shaped baffle
CN105351989A (en) * 2015-11-23 2016-02-24 武汉达顺创新科技有限公司 Efficient kitchen ventilator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1364147A (en) * 1963-05-10 1964-06-19 Method and device for ventilating air polluted with fat rising from culinary appliances
US3628311A (en) * 1969-07-07 1971-12-21 Nino S Inc Air purification systems
US3802329A (en) * 1972-08-18 1974-04-09 L Wright Grease extractor for kitchen ventilating systems
FR2336985A1 (en) * 1975-12-31 1977-07-29 Bertucci Albert FUMES, VAPORS AND GREASE EXHAUST DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR RESTAURANT KITCHEN OR COMMUNITY KITCHEN
US4103676A (en) * 1976-11-03 1978-08-01 Kastner Karl F Grease extraction cartridge for kitchen exhaust ventilator
FR2399268A1 (en) * 1977-08-01 1979-03-02 Gaillat Louis Grease separator for large kitchens fume extn. system - passes fumes through water curtain using little make=up for closed circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4020762A1 (en) * 1990-02-10 1991-08-14 Hans Dieter Voelk Odourless grill and hotplate accessible from front only - are installed above tray and suction system for trapping and extn. of vapours from circulating air
DE10020205C5 (en) * 2000-04-25 2004-06-03 Reiner Heede Extractor hood with condensate separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2000472A6 (en) 1988-03-01
EP0211784A1 (en) 1987-02-25
FR2594725A2 (en) 1987-08-28
DE3667720D1 (en) 1990-01-25
FR2594725B2 (en) 1988-09-02

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