EP0207270A2 - Contactless working proximity switching device - Google Patents
Contactless working proximity switching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0207270A2 EP0207270A2 EP86106629A EP86106629A EP0207270A2 EP 0207270 A2 EP0207270 A2 EP 0207270A2 EP 86106629 A EP86106629 A EP 86106629A EP 86106629 A EP86106629 A EP 86106629A EP 0207270 A2 EP0207270 A2 EP 0207270A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- proximity
- switch
- switching device
- permanent magnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
- F15B15/2892—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke characterised by the attachment means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
- H01H36/008—Change of magnetic field wherein the magnet and switch are fixed, e.g. by shielding or relative movements of armature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
- H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
- H01H9/0207—Adjustable mounting of casings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a non-contact proximity switch device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a proximity switching device which consists of a reed contact element, the switching elements designed as contact tongues can be brought into contact with one another by means of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet which can be moved relative thereto.
- This known proximity switch device is arranged on the jacket of a working cylinder.
- a permanent magnet attached to the piston of the working cylinder is used to actuate the reed contact element. If the piston provided with the permanent magnet approaches the reed contact element, the switching elements of the reed contact element reach the area of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and are brought into contact with one another by the magnetic force.
- the invention has for its object to provide a non-contact proximity switch device of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and does not require any significant changes to the device having the component to be sensed.
- the proximity switch device has the particular advantage that it can be used in all devices in which the reaching of a predetermined position of a movably arranged component is to be recognized or used as a switching criterion, without having to make changes to the components of the devices.
- This advantage has an effect in particular in the case of commercially available working cylinders which are to be subsequently provided with a device for switching valves which control the pressure medium acting on the working cylinder as a function of the piston position.
- the piston or the piston rod no longer has to be provided with a permanent magnet, no changes need to be made to the components in the cylinder.
- the strength of the magnetic field can be quickly and easily adapted to the respective requirements by exchanging the permanent magnet or by arranging a plurality of permanent magnets.
- the proximity switch device can be attached to each cylinder, regardless of its diameter, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention specified in the subclaims, without having to use different holding devices. This ensures that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnets of the proximity switch device always the same required for proper functioning Predeterminable position and the same distance to the outer surface of the working cylinder.
- the holding device as releasable on a part of the cylinder, for. B. a tie rod, attachable lever, at the end of the tie rod facing away from the proximity switch by means of a hinge around the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder longitudinal axis of the proximity switch rotatably, a simple and secure positional alignment of the proximity switch to the cylinder jacket and thus to the ferromagnetic Partial piston allows.
- both the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a bearing bolt arranged on the cylinder and the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a pin arranged on the housing of the proximity switch device are of a mouth-shaped design, so that the switch can be easily and quickly mounted on the cylinder is.
- FIG. 1 shows a cylinder (1) with a cylinder cover (2), the cylinder cover (2) being connected via four tie rods (16) to a cylinder base (not shown here).
- a tie rod (16) there is a housing (3), open to the cylinder (1), of a non-contact proximity switch device, which contains a magnetic field-dependent switch (11) for sensing the relative approach or distance of a body to or from the switch , fixed by means of a clamping screw (15).
- the housing (3) is arranged in relation to the cylinder (1) such that it sits on the cylinder (1) with its walls delimiting the housing interior (8).
- the proximity switch device is provided by the switch (11), which is designed as a reed contact element and is arranged in the housing interior (8) and has two contact tongues serving as switching elements (9) and (12), as well as one that is stationary with respect to the switch (11) in the housing interior (8 ) arranged permanent magnets (14) formed.
- the permanent magnet (14) is used to generate a magnetic field that actuates the switch (11).
- One switching element (9) is connected to the cylinder (1) via a connecting wire (5), preferably in such a way that the connecting wire (5) is clamped between the cylinder (1) and a wall of the housing (3). From the connecting wire (5) branches off another connecting wire (4), which leads to a connection (6) designed as a knife contact for z. B. leads a connector.
- the other switching element (12) is connected via a connecting wire (13) to a pole, in this exemplary embodiment to the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14). From the same pole of the permanent magnet (14) leads a connecting wire (17) to a further connection (10) designed as a knife contact.
- the two connections (6) and (10) are arranged on the housing (3) and connected with a plug (7).
- Fig. 2 shows a working cylinder with two proximity switching devices.
- the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals.
- a piston is arranged in a sealed, displaceable manner.
- the piston consists of a double-pot sleeve (22) and a disc-shaped body (23) serving as a carrier for the double-pot sleeve (22) made of a ferromagnetic material, e.g. B. a soft iron disc.
- the piston (22, 23) is connected to a piston rod (24) by means of a screw (21).
- Each of the two proximity switch devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) is provided with a connection (7) and (18).
- the connections (7, 18) are connected to magnetic valve devices (not shown here) for controlling the pressurization of the pressure medium for the pressure medium chambers (25) and (26) of the working cylinder (1).
- the switches (11, 17) are connected in a circuit which connects a voltage source to the solenoid valve devices.
- the function of the proximity switch device is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the magnetic valve device switches over in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure medium chamber (25) is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber is vented and the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is aerated.
- the piston (22, 23) is moved to the right by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side.
- the magnetic flux in the switch (11) becomes weaker again and the switching elements (9, 12) move away from each other.
- the circuit in which the switch (11) and the solenoid valve device are located is now interrupted.
- the solenoid valve device switches over again in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is interrupted, the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented and the pressure medium chamber (26) opposite the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented.
- FIG. 3 shows a proximity switch device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device.
- a proximity switch device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device.
- a proximity switch device which is enclosed by a housing, which is composed of the upper housing part (7) and lower housing part (3), is arranged on a cylinder (1).
- the lower housing part (3) On its side facing the cylinder (1), the lower housing part (3) has two nose-like projections (29, 28) which are arranged parallel to one another and with which the housing (3, 7) rests on the cylinder (1).
- the lower housing part (3) has a pivot pin (30), which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1) and extends outwards on two opposite sides.
- a lever serving as a holding device for the proximity switch device has at its end facing the housing (3, 7) a bearing eye (32) which serves to receive the free end region of the bearing journal (30).
- the bearing journal (30) and the bearing eye (32) serve as a joint, which makes it possible to rotate the proximity switching device about its longitudinal axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
- the end region (34) of the lever (33, 34) facing away from the housing (3, 7) of the proximity switch device has a recess (35) formed in this embodiment, which partially encloses a bearing pin formed by a tie rod (16) of the working cylinder.
- the tie rod (16) and three further tie rods, not shown here, serve as a connection between a cylinder cover (31) and a cylinder bottom, not shown here, which limit the cylinder (1) on its end faces.
- a screw (36) serving as a clamping device is screwed in, which comes into contact with the tie rod (16) and thus the tie rod (16) and the Lever (34,33) braced against each other.
- the proximity switch device is installed in such a way that first the lever (34, 33) with its end (33) provided with the bearing eye (32) is placed on the pivot pin (30) of the lower housing part (3) of the proximity switch device and then with the proximity switch device hinged lever (34, 33) with its mouth-like recess (35) is suspended in the tie rod (16).
- the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device is then aligned with the cylinder (1) so that it rests on the cylinder (1) with its nose-like projections (28, 29).
- the lever (34) connected to the proximity switch device is , 33) and the tie rod (16) are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. If a different position is desired for the proximity switch, the screw (36) is loosened and the lever (34, 33) connected to the proximity switch on the tie rod (16) is moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
- the lever (34, 33) serving as a holding device for the proximity switch device is articulated by means of a first joint (30, 32) with the proximity switch device and by means of a second joint, which in this exemplary embodiment is connected by the tie rod (16) and the mouth-like recess (35 ) of the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) is formed, articulated with the cylinder (1) or with a part arranged on the cylinder, such as. B. the tie rod (16), articulated, the proximity switch can be attached to each working cylinder without changes to the proximity switch or to the holding device. Regardless of the diameter of the respective cylinder, the proximity switch takes device always the same position required for their function to the cylinder and to the piston provided with the ferromagnetic part.
- the part (33) of the lever (33, 34) which is articulated to the housing (3, 7) of the proximity switch device can also have a mouth-like recess instead of the bearing eye (32) in order to simplify assembly.
- FIG. 4 shows a top view of the holding device for the proximity switching device shown in FIG. 3.
- 4 consists of a lever (38, 39) provided with a slot (42) running transversely to the longitudinal axis of a tie rod (16).
- the two parallel arms (38, 39) of the lever (38, 39) formed by the slot (42) are narrower in the area of the proximity switch device than in the area of the part of the lever (38, 39) surrounding the tie rod (16) and thus form a fork-like part, on the free end region of which recesses are provided for receiving bearing journals arranged on the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device.
- the joint formed in this way between the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device and the holding device (38, 39) enables the proximity switch device to be rotated relative to the holding device (38, 39) about an axis of the housing (7, 3) running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder ).
- the end area (40) of the two-armed lever (38, 39) facing away from the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device like the lever shown in FIG. 3, has a mouth-like recess which partially surrounds the tie rod (16).
- two screws (41, 36) are screwed into the part of the lever (40) which has the mouth-like recess.
- the use of the proximity switch device described above is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiment.
- the proximity switch can be used wherever the position of one of two relatively movable parts is detected and z. B. to be used as a switching criterion.
- the part of the body consisting of the ferromagnetic material in the exemplary embodiment part '23' of the piston "22, 23 ') is designed and guided in such a way that it is that of the permanent magnet magnetic field exerted and acting on the switch can increase if the body is in the vicinity of the switch, which means that the pole of the permanent magnet not connected to a switching element must face the body to be guided past the permanent magnet and not always with the another pole of the permanent magnet connected switching element, a conductor made of a ferromagnetic material should be provided, which also faces the body Magnetic flux and thus also the strengthening of the magnetic field takes place in the switch (11) according to the exemplary embodiment predominantly in the area of the switching element (9) which is not constantly connected
- the switch is biased at its connections with the corresponding magnetic field strength by the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other.
- Two nose-like projections which are connected in a magnetically conductive manner to the permanent magnets, can be provided on the housing and come to rest on the outer surface of the cylinder when the proximity switch device is mounted on a cylinder.
- a proximity switch device of the type described above operates as follows. Since on both sides of the switch the field strength of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets has the opposite polarity but the same amount, the switch is not excited to switch.
- Switching of the contacts can only be achieved if the switch is either moved closer to one or the other of the two permanent magnets, or if the magnetic field of one of the two permanent magnets is disturbed and the other permanent magnet gains influence. Will the one with the Piston provided ferromagnetic part moved in the working cylinder and thereby comes close to one of the permanent magnets, so the field lines take the path of smaller resistance (via the ferromagnetic part provided on the piston) and shift out of their earlier course. The magnetic field disturbance thus caused causes the contacts of the switch to switch. The shifting of the field lines causes an intensification of the magnetic field in the area of the contacts of the switch.
- field plates can also be arranged in the proximity switch described.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Exchanges (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine berührungslos arbeitende Näherungsschalteinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a non-contact proximity switch device according to the preamble of
Aus der DE-OS 29 17 232 ist eine Näherungsschalteinrichtung bekannt, die aus einem Reed-Kontaktelement besteht, dessen als Kontaktzungen ausgebildete Schaltglieder mittels des Magnetfeldes eines relativ dazu bewegbaren Permanentmagneten miteinander in Kontakt bringbar sind. Diese bekannte Näherungsschalteinrichtung ist auf dem Mantel eines Arbeitszylinders angeordnet. Zur Betätigung des Reed-Kontaktelementes dient ein am Kolben des Arbeitszylinders befestigter Permanentmagnet. Nähert sich der mit dem Permanentmagneten versehene Kolben dem Reed-Kontaktelement, so gelangen die Schaltglieder des Reed-Kontaktelementes in den Bereich des Magnetfeldes des Permanentmagneten und werden durch die Magnetkraft in Kontakt miteinander gebracht.From DE-OS 29 17 232 a proximity switching device is known which consists of a reed contact element, the switching elements designed as contact tongues can be brought into contact with one another by means of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet which can be moved relative thereto. This known proximity switch device is arranged on the jacket of a working cylinder. A permanent magnet attached to the piston of the working cylinder is used to actuate the reed contact element. If the piston provided with the permanent magnet approaches the reed contact element, the switching elements of the reed contact element reach the area of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and are brought into contact with one another by the magnetic force.
Von Nachteil ist bei einer solchen Näherungsschalteinrichtung, insbesondere dann, wenn sie zum Erkennen der Kolbenposition eines Arbeitszylinders verwendet wird, daß zusätzlicher Raum für den Permanentmagneten geschaffen werden muß, was stets mit einer Veränderung der Bauteile, z. B. Kolben oder Kolbenstange verbunden ist.The disadvantage of such a proximity switch, especially when it is used to detect the piston position of a working cylinder, is that additional space must be created for the permanent magnet, which always involves a change in the components, e.g. B. piston or piston rod is connected.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine berührungslos arbeitende Näherungsschalteinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einfach im Aufbau ist und keine wesentlichen Änderungen an der das zu sensierende Bauteil aufweisenden Einrichtung erfordert.The invention has for its object to provide a non-contact proximity switch device of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and does not require any significant changes to the device having the component to be sensed.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung gelöst. Weiterbildungen und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with the invention specified in
Die erfindungsgemäße Näherungsschalteinrichtung bietet insbesondere den Vorteil, sich in allen Einrichtungen, bei denen das Erreichen einer vorbestimmten Position eines bewegbar angeordneten Bauteiles erkannt oder als Schaltkriterium genutzt werden soll, einsetzen zu lassen, ohne Veränderungen an den Bauteilen der Einrichtungen vornehmen zu müssen. Dieser Vorteil wirkt sich insbesondere bei handelsüblichen Arbeitszylindern aus, die nachträglich mit einer Einrichtung zum Schalten von die Druckmittelbeaufschlagung des Arbeitszylinders steuernden Ventilen in Abhängigkeit von der Kolbenstellung versehen werden sollen.The proximity switch device according to the invention has the particular advantage that it can be used in all devices in which the reaching of a predetermined position of a movably arranged component is to be recognized or used as a switching criterion, without having to make changes to the components of the devices. This advantage has an effect in particular in the case of commercially available working cylinders which are to be subsequently provided with a device for switching valves which control the pressure medium acting on the working cylinder as a function of the piston position.
Da der Kolben oder auch die Kolbenstange nicht mehr mit einem Permanentmagneten versehen werden muß, sind keinerlei Veränderungen an den im Zylinder liegenden Bauteilen vorzunehmen. Durch die Anordnung des Permanentmagneten außerhalb des Zylinderinnenraumes läßt sich durch Austauschen des Permanentmagneten oder durch die Anordnung mehrerer Permanentmagneten die Stärke des Magnetfeldes problemlos und schnell den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anpassen.Since the piston or the piston rod no longer has to be provided with a permanent magnet, no changes need to be made to the components in the cylinder. By arranging the permanent magnet outside the cylinder interior, the strength of the magnetic field can be quickly and easily adapted to the respective requirements by exchanging the permanent magnet or by arranging a plurality of permanent magnets.
Die Näherungsschalteinrichtung läßt sich gemäß einer in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an jedem Zylinder, unabhängig von dessen Durchmesser, befestigen, ohne daß unterschiedliche Halteeinrichtungen benutzt werden müssen. Dabei ist gewährleistet, daß der Permanentmagnet bzw. die Permanentmagneten der Näherungsschalteinrichtung stets die zur ordnungsgemäßen Funktion erforderliche gleiche vorbestimmbare Lage und den glëichen Abstand zur Mantelfläche des Arbeitszylinders haben. Durch die Ausbildung der Halteeinrichtung als lösbar an einem Teil des Zylinders, z. B. einem Zuganker, befestigbaren Hebel, an dessen dem Zuganker abgewandten Ende die Näherungsschalteinrichtung mittels einer Gelenkstelle um die parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders verlaufende Längsachse der Näherungsschalteinrichtung drehbar gelagert ist, wird eine einfache und sichere Lageausrichtung der Näherungsschalteinrichtung zum Zylindermantel und somit zu dem den ferromagnetischen Teil aufweisenden Kolben ermöglicht. Vorteilhafter Weise sind sowohl der mit einem am Zylinder angeordneten Lagerbolzen eine Gelenkstelle bildende Teil des Hebels als auch der mit einem am Gehäuse der Näherungsschalteinrichtung angeordneten Zapfen eine Gelenkstelle bildende Teil des Hebels maulartig ausgebildet, so daß eine einfache und schnelle Montage des Schalters auf dem Zylinder möglich ist. Anhand der Zeichnung werden nachstehend drei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.The proximity switch device can be attached to each cylinder, regardless of its diameter, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention specified in the subclaims, without having to use different holding devices. This ensures that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnets of the proximity switch device always the same required for proper functioning Predeterminable position and the same distance to the outer surface of the working cylinder. By designing the holding device as releasable on a part of the cylinder, for. B. a tie rod, attachable lever, at the end of the tie rod facing away from the proximity switch by means of a hinge around the parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder longitudinal axis of the proximity switch rotatably, a simple and secure positional alignment of the proximity switch to the cylinder jacket and thus to the ferromagnetic Partial piston allows. Advantageously, both the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a bearing bolt arranged on the cylinder and the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a pin arranged on the housing of the proximity switch device are of a mouth-shaped design, so that the switch can be easily and quickly mounted on the cylinder is. Three exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 einen Arbeitszylinder mit einer aus einem Reed-Kontaktelement und einem Permanentmagneten bestehende Näherungsschalteinrichtung im Schnitt;
- Fig. 2 einen Arbeitszylinder mit zwei Näherungsschalteinrichtungen, wobei der Kolben des Arbeitszylinders im Schnitt dargestellt ist;
- Fig. 3 eine Näherungsschalteinrichtung, die mittels eines als Halteeinrichtung dienenden Hebels an einem Zuganker eines Arbeitszylinders befestigt ist und
- Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Näherungsschalteinrichtung mit Halteeinrichtung.
- Figure 1 shows a working cylinder with a proximity switching device consisting of a reed contact element and a permanent magnet in section.
- 2 shows a working cylinder with two proximity switching devices, the piston of the working cylinder being shown in section;
- Fig. 3 is a proximity switching device which is attached to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device and
- Fig. 4 is a plan view of the proximity switch device shown in Fig. 3 with holding device.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Zylinder (1) mit einem Zylinderdeckel (2) dargestellt, wobei der Zylinderdeckel (2) über vier Zuganker (16) mit einem hier nicht gezeigten Zylinderboden verbunden ist.
An dem einen Zuganker (16) ist ein zum Zylinder (1) hin offenes Gehäuse (3) einer berührungslos arbeitenden Näherungsschalteinrichtung, welche einen magnetfeldabhängigen Schalter (11) zur Sensierung der relativen Annäherung bzw. Entfernung eines Körpers an dem bzw. von dem Schalter enthält, mittels einer Klemmschraube (15) befestigt. Das Gehäuse (3) ist so zum Zylinder (1) angeordnet, daß es mit seinen dem Gehäuseinnenraum (8) begrenzenden Wänden auf dem Zylinder (1) aufsitzt.1 shows a cylinder (1) with a cylinder cover (2), the cylinder cover (2) being connected via four tie rods (16) to a cylinder base (not shown here).
On the one tie rod (16) there is a housing (3), open to the cylinder (1), of a non-contact proximity switch device, which contains a magnetic field-dependent switch (11) for sensing the relative approach or distance of a body to or from the switch , fixed by means of a clamping screw (15). The housing (3) is arranged in relation to the cylinder (1) such that it sits on the cylinder (1) with its walls delimiting the housing interior (8).
Die Näherungsschalteinrichtung wird von dem in Gehäuseinnenraum (8) angeordneten als Reed-Kontaktelement ausgebildeten Schalter (11), welcher zwei als Schaltglieder (9) und (12) dienende Kontaktzungen aufweist, sowie einem bezüglich des Schalters (11) ortsfest ebenfalls im Gehäuseinnenraum (8) angeordneten Permanentmagneten (14) gebildet. Der Permanentmagnet (14) dient zur Erzeugung ëines den Schalter (11) betätigenden Magnetfeldes. Das eine Schaltglied (9) ist über einen Anschlußdraht (5) mit dem Zylinder (1) verbunden, vorzugsweise in der Art, daß der Anschlußdraht (5) zwischen Zylinder (1) und eine Wand des Gehäuses (3) geklemmt wird. Vom Anschlußdraht (5) zweigt ein weiterer Anschlußdraht (4) ab, der zu einem als Messerkontakt ausgebildeten Anschluß (6) für z. B. einen Stecker führt. Das andere Schaltglied (12) ist über einen Anschlußdraht (13) mit einem Pol, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem Pol "N" des Permanentmagneten (14) verbunden. Von demselben Pol des Permanentmagneten (14) führt ein Anschlußdraht (17) zu einem als Messerkontakt ausgebildeten weiteren Anschluß (10). Die beiden Anschlüsse (6) und (10) sind auf dem Gehäuse (3) angeordnet und mit einem Stecker (7) verbunden.The proximity switch device is provided by the switch (11), which is designed as a reed contact element and is arranged in the housing interior (8) and has two contact tongues serving as switching elements (9) and (12), as well as one that is stationary with respect to the switch (11) in the housing interior (8 ) arranged permanent magnets (14) formed. The permanent magnet (14) is used to generate a magnetic field that actuates the switch (11). One switching element (9) is connected to the cylinder (1) via a connecting wire (5), preferably in such a way that the connecting wire (5) is clamped between the cylinder (1) and a wall of the housing (3). From the connecting wire (5) branches off another connecting wire (4), which leads to a connection (6) designed as a knife contact for z. B. leads a connector. The other switching element (12) is connected via a connecting wire (13) to a pole, in this exemplary embodiment to the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14). From the same pole of the permanent magnet (14) leads a connecting wire (17) to a further connection (10) designed as a knife contact. The two connections (6) and (10) are arranged on the housing (3) and connected with a plug (7).
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Arbeitszylinder mit zwei Näherungsschalteinrichtungen. Der besseren Ubersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 1 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Fig. 2 shows a working cylinder with two proximity switching devices. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals.
In einem Zylinder (1), welcher an seinen Stirnseiten von einem Zylinderboden (20) und einem Zylinderdeckel (2), welche über hier nicht dargestellte Zuganker miteinander verbunden sind, verschlossen wird, ist ein Kolben abgedichtet verschiebbar angeordnet. Der Kolben besteht aus einer Doppeltopfmanschette (22) und einem als Träger für die Doppeltopfmanschette (22) dienenden scheibenförmigen Körper (23) aus einem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff, z. B. einer Weicheisenscheibe. Der Kolben (22, 23) ist mittels einer Schraube (21) mit einer Kolbenstange (24) verbunden.In a cylinder (1), which is closed on its end faces by a cylinder base (20) and a cylinder cover (2), which are connected to one another via tie rods (not shown here), a piston is arranged in a sealed, displaceable manner. The piston consists of a double-pot sleeve (22) and a disc-shaped body (23) serving as a carrier for the double-pot sleeve (22) made of a ferromagnetic material, e.g. B. a soft iron disc. The piston (22, 23) is connected to a piston rod (24) by means of a screw (21).
Auf dem zylinder (1) sind zwei als Reed-Kontaktelmente ausgebildete magnetfeldabhängige Schalter (11, 19) und hier nicht dargestellten Permanentmagneten enthaltende Näherungsschalteinrichtungen (3, 11) und (17, 19) angeordnet. Jede der beiden Näherungsschalteinrichtungen (3, 11) und (17, 19) ist mit einem Anschluß (7) bzw. (18) versehen. Die Anschlüsse (7, 18) sind mit hier nicht dargestellten Magnetventileinrichtungen zum Steuern der Druckmittelbeaufschlagung für die Druckmittelkammern (25) und (26) des Arbeitszylinders (1) verbunden. Die Schalter (11, 17) sind in einen Stromkreis geschaltet, welcher eine Spannungsquelle mit den Magnetventileinrichtungen verbindet.Arranged on the cylinder (1) are two magnetic field-dependent switches (11, 19) designed as reed contact elements and proximity switches (3, 11) and (17, 19) containing permanent magnets, not shown here. Each of the two proximity switch devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) is provided with a connection (7) and (18). The connections (7, 18) are connected to magnetic valve devices (not shown here) for controlling the pressurization of the pressure medium for the pressure medium chambers (25) and (26) of the working cylinder (1). The switches (11, 17) are connected in a circuit which connects a voltage source to the solenoid valve devices.
Die Funktion der Näherungsschalteinrichtung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 und 2 näher erläutert.The function of the proximity switch device is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
Es wird angenommen, daß der Kolben (22, 23) des Arbeitszylinders (1) sich in der Mittelstellung und die Schaltglieder (9, 12) der Schalter (11, 19) sich in einer Stellung befinden, in der sie sich nicht im Kontakt miteinander befinden, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Mittels des den Permanentmagneten (14) mit dem einen Schaltglied (12) des Schalters (11) verbindenden Anschlußdrahtes (13) wird der Magnetfluß des Permanentmagneten (14) durch den Schalter (11) geleitet. Der Mangnetfluß erfolgt vom Pol "N" des Permanentmagneten (14) über den Anschlußdraht (13), die beiden Schaltglieder (12, 9) und den Anschlußdraht (5) zum Pol "S" des Permanentmagneten (14). Da der Luftspalt zwischen dem Anschlußdraht (5) und dem Pol "S" des Permanentmagneten (14) (Luftspalt zwischen dem Pol "N" und dem Pol "S") groß ist, ist der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) relativ schwach, so daß die Magnetkraft nicht ausreicht, um die beiden Schaltglieder (12, 9) aufeinander zuzubewegen und den Kontakt zwischën den beiden Schaltgliedern (12, 9) herzustellen.It is assumed that the piston (22, 23) of the working cylinder (1) is in the central position and the switching elements (9, 12) of the switches (11, 19) are in a position in which they are not in contact with one another are, as shown in Fig. 1. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (14) is conducted through the switch (11) by means of the connecting wire (13) connecting the permanent magnet (14) to the one switching element (12) of the switch (11). The Mangnetflow takes place from the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14) via the connecting wire (13), the two switching elements (12, 9) and the connecting wire (5) to the pole "S" of the permanent magnet (14). Since the air gap between the connecting wire (5) and the pole "S" of the permanent magnet (14) (air gap between the pole "N" and the pole "S") is large, the magnetic flux in the switch (11) is relatively weak, so that the magnetic force is not sufficient to move the two switching elements (12, 9) towards one another and to establish contact between the two switching elements (12, 9).
Wird in die Druckmittelkammer (25) Druckmittel eingesteuert und der Kolben (22, 23) durch den sich in der Druckmittelkammer (25) aufbauenden Druck nach links, in Richtung auf die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) zu verschoben, gelangt der Kolben (22, 23) in den Bereich des Schalters (11). Durch die Weicheisenscheibe (23) des Kolbens (22, 23) verkleinert sich der Luftspalt. Der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) wird verstärkt. Aufgrund des jetzt stärkeren Magnetfeldes im Bereich des Schalters (11) werden die Schaltglieder (9, 12) miteinander in Kontakt gebracht. Der Stromkreis ist jetzt geschlossen und die Magnetventileinrichtung bekommt einen Schaltimpuls. Die Magentventileinrichtung schaltet in der Weise um, daß die Druckmittelzufuhr zur Druckmittelkammer (25) unterbrochen, die Druckmitelkammer entlüftet und die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) belüftet wird. Von dem sich in der kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) aufbauenden Druck wird der Kolben (22, 23) nach rechts bewegt. Sobald der Kolben (22, 23) den Bereich des Schalters (11) verlassen hat, wird der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) wieder schwächer und die Schaltglieder (9, 12) entfernen sich voneinander. Der Stromkreis, in welchem der Schalter (11) und die Magnetventileinrichtung liegen, ist jetzt unterbrochen. Gelangt der Kolben (22, 23) bei seiner weiteren Bewegung in Richtung auf die Druckmittelkammer (25) zu in den Bereich des Schalters (19) der zweiten Näherungsschalteinrichtung (17, 19), so wird der Magnetfluß im Schalter (19) der zweiten Näherungsschalteinrichtung (17, 19) verstärkt und die Schaltglieder des Schalters (19) der zweiten Näherungsschalteinrichtung (17, 19) werden miteinander in Kontakt gebracht. Die Magnetventileinrichtung schaltet wiederum um, und zwar in der Weise, daß die Druckmittelzuführ zur kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) unterbrochen, die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) entlüftet und die der kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) gegenüberliegende Druckmittelkammer (25) belüftet wird.If pressure medium is introduced into the pressure medium chamber (25) and the piston (22, 23) is displaced towards the left towards the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (25), the piston (22, 23 ) in the area of the switch (11). The air gap is reduced by the soft iron disk (23) of the piston (22, 23). The magnetic flux in the switch (11) is increased. Because of the now stronger magnetic field in the area of the switch (11), the switching elements (9, 12) are brought into contact with one another. The circuit is now closed and the solenoid valve device receives a switching pulse. The magnetic valve device switches over in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure medium chamber (25) is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber is vented and the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is aerated. The piston (22, 23) is moved to the right by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side. As soon as the piston (22, 23) has left the area of the switch (11), the magnetic flux in the switch (11) becomes weaker again and the switching elements (9, 12) move away from each other. The circuit in which the switch (11) and the solenoid valve device are located is now interrupted. If the piston (22, 23) moves further towards the pressure medium chamber (25) in the area of the switch (19) of the second proximity switch (17, 19), the magnetic flux in the switch (19) of the second proximity switch (17, 19) reinforced and the switching elements of the switch (19) of the second proximity switch (17, 19) are brought into contact with each other. The solenoid valve device switches over again in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is interrupted, the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented and the pressure medium chamber (26) opposite the piston rod-side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented.
In Fig. 3 ist eine Näherungsschalteinrichtung dargestellt, die mittels eines als Halteeinrichtung dienenden Hebels an einem Zuganker eines Arbeitszylinders befestigt ist. Der besseren Ubersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 1 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezügszeichen versehen.FIG. 3 shows a proximity switch device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference symbols.
Auf einem Zylinder (1) ist eine von einem Gehäuse, welches sich aus Gehäuseoberteil (7) und Gehäuseunterteil (3) zusammensetzt, umschlossene Näherungsschalteinrichtung angeordnet. Das Gehäuseunterteil (3) weist auf seiner dem Zylinder (1) zugewandten Seite zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete nasenartige Vorsprünge (29, 28) auf, mit welchen des Gehäuse (3, 7) auf dem Zylinder (1) aufliegt. Das Gehäuseunterteil (3) besitzt an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten je einen parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verlaufenden, sich nach außen erstreckenden Gelenkzapfen (30). Ein als Halteeinrichtung für die Näherungsschalteinrichtung dienender Hebel weist an seinem dem Gehäuse (3, 7) zugewandten Ende ein Lagerauge (32) auf, welches zur Aufnahme des freien Endbereiches des Lagerzapfens (30) dient. Der Lagerzapfen (30) und das Lagerauge (32) dienen als Gelenk, welches es ermöglicht, die Näherungsschalteinrichtung um ihre parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verlaufenden Längsachse zu drehen. Der dem Gehäuse (3, 7) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung abgewandte Endbereich (34) des Hebels (33, 34) besitzt eine in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel maulartig ausgebildete Ausnehmung (35), welche einen von einem Zuganker (16) des Arbeitszylinders gebildeten Lagerbolzen teilweise umschließt. Der Zuganker (16) und drei weitere hier nicht dargestellte Zuganker dienen als Verbindung eines Zylinderdeckels (31) mit einem hier nicht gezeigten Zylinderboden, welche den Zylinder (1) an seinen Stirnseiten begrenzen. In den mit der maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) versehenen Teil (34) des Hebels (33,34) ist eine als Klemmeinrichtung dienende Schraube (36) eingedreht, die am Zuganker (16) zur Anlage kommt und so den Zuganker (16) und den Hebel (34,33) gegeneinander verspannt.A proximity switch device, which is enclosed by a housing, which is composed of the upper housing part (7) and lower housing part (3), is arranged on a cylinder (1). On its side facing the cylinder (1), the lower housing part (3) has two nose-like projections (29, 28) which are arranged parallel to one another and with which the housing (3, 7) rests on the cylinder (1). The lower housing part (3) has a pivot pin (30), which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1) and extends outwards on two opposite sides. A lever serving as a holding device for the proximity switch device has at its end facing the housing (3, 7) a bearing eye (32) which serves to receive the free end region of the bearing journal (30). The bearing journal (30) and the bearing eye (32) serve as a joint, which makes it possible to rotate the proximity switching device about its longitudinal axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1). The end region (34) of the lever (33, 34) facing away from the housing (3, 7) of the proximity switch device has a recess (35) formed in this embodiment, which partially encloses a bearing pin formed by a tie rod (16) of the working cylinder. The tie rod (16) and three further tie rods, not shown here, serve as a connection between a cylinder cover (31) and a cylinder bottom, not shown here, which limit the cylinder (1) on its end faces. In the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) provided with the mouth-like recess (35), a screw (36) serving as a clamping device is screwed in, which comes into contact with the tie rod (16) and thus the tie rod (16) and the Lever (34,33) braced against each other.
Die Montage der Näherungsschalteinrichtung erfolgt in der Weise, daß zuerst der Hebel (34, 33) mit sëinem mit dem Lagerauge (32) versehenen Ende (33) auf den Gelenkzapfen (30) des Gehäuseunterteils (3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung aufgesteckt und dann der jetzt mit der Näherungsschalteinrichtung gelenkig verbundene Hebel (34, 33) mit seiner maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) in den Zuganker (16) eingehängt wird. Anschließend wird das Gehäuse (7, 3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung so zum Zylinder (1) ausgerichtet, daß es mit seinen nasenartigen Vorsprüngen (28, 29) auf dem Zylinder (1) aufliegt. Durch Eindrehen der Schraube (36) in den die maulartige Ausnehmung (35) aufweisenden Teil (34) des Hebels (33, 34) und zur Anlage bringen der Schraube (36) am Zuganker (16) werden der mit der Näherungsschalteinrichtung verbundene Hebel (34, 33) und der Zuganker (16) drehfest miteinander verbunden.
Wird für die Näherungsschalteinrichtung eine andere Position gewünscht, so wird die Schraube (36) gelöst und der mit der Näherungsschalteinrichtung verbundene Hebel (34, 33) auf dem Zuganker (16) in Richtung der Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verschoben.
Dadurch, daß der als Halteeinrichtung für die Näherungsschalteinrichtung dienende Hebel (34, 33) mittels eines ersten Gelenks (30, 32) gelenkig mit der Näherungsschalteinrichtung und mittels eines zweiten Gelenks, welches in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel vom Zuganker (16) und der maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) des Teiles (34) des Hebels (33, 34) gebildet wird, gelenkig mit dem Zylinder (1) bzw. mit einem am Zylinder angeordneten Teil, wie z. B. dem Zuganker (16), gelenkig verbunden ist, läßt sich die Näherungsschalteinrichtung an jedem Arbeitszylinder befestigen, ohne daß Veränderungen an der Näherungsschalteinrichtung oder an der Halteeinrichtung vorgenommen werden müssen. Unabhängig davon, welchen Durchmesser der jeweilige Zylinder aufweist, nimmt die Näherungsschalt einrichtung stets die gleiche zu ihrer Funktion erforderliche Lage zum Zylinder und zu dem mit dem ferromagnetischen Teil versehenen Kolben ein. Der mit dem Gehäuse (3, 7) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung gelenkig verbundene Teil (33) des Hebels (33, 34) kann zwecks Montagevereinfachung anstelle des Lagerauges (32) ebenfalls eine maulartige Ausnehmung aufweisen.The proximity switch device is installed in such a way that first the lever (34, 33) with its end (33) provided with the bearing eye (32) is placed on the pivot pin (30) of the lower housing part (3) of the proximity switch device and then with the proximity switch device hinged lever (34, 33) with its mouth-like recess (35) is suspended in the tie rod (16). The housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device is then aligned with the cylinder (1) so that it rests on the cylinder (1) with its nose-like projections (28, 29). By turning the screw (36) into the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) which has the mouth-like recess (35) and bringing the screw (36) into contact with the tie rod (16), the lever (34) connected to the proximity switch device is , 33) and the tie rod (16) are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.
If a different position is desired for the proximity switch, the screw (36) is loosened and the lever (34, 33) connected to the proximity switch on the tie rod (16) is moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
Characterized in that the lever (34, 33) serving as a holding device for the proximity switch device is articulated by means of a first joint (30, 32) with the proximity switch device and by means of a second joint, which in this exemplary embodiment is connected by the tie rod (16) and the mouth-like recess (35 ) of the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) is formed, articulated with the cylinder (1) or with a part arranged on the cylinder, such as. B. the tie rod (16), articulated, the proximity switch can be attached to each working cylinder without changes to the proximity switch or to the holding device. Regardless of the diameter of the respective cylinder, the proximity switch takes device always the same position required for their function to the cylinder and to the piston provided with the ferromagnetic part. The part (33) of the lever (33, 34) which is articulated to the housing (3, 7) of the proximity switch device can also have a mouth-like recess instead of the bearing eye (32) in order to simplify assembly.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Halteeinrichtung für die Näherungsschalteinrichtung. Der besseren Übersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 3 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.
Die Halteeinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 besteht aus einem mit einem quer zur Längsachse eines Zugankers (16) verlaufenden Schlitz (42) versehenen Hebel (38, 39). Die durch den Schlitz (42) gebildeten beiden parallel zueinander verlaufenden Arme (38, 39) des Hebels (38, 39) sind im Bereich der Näherungsschalteinrichtung schmaler ausgebildet als im Bereich des den Zuganker (16) umgreifenden Teiles des Hebels (38, 39) und bilden so einen gabelartigen Teil, an dessen freiem Endbereich Ausnehmungen zur Aufnahme von am Gehäuse (7, 3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung angeordneten Lagerzapfen vorgesehen sind. Das so gebildete Gelenk zwischen dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung und der Halteeinrichtung (38, 39) ermöglicht ein Verdrehen der Näherungsschalteinrichtung relativ zur Halteeinrichtung (38, 39) um eine parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders verlaufende Achse des Gehäuses (7, 3). Der dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung abgewandte Endbereich (40) des zweiarmigen Hebels (38, 39) weist wie auch der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Hebel eine maulartige Ausnehmung auf, welche den Zuganker (16) teilweise umschließt. Zwecks Verspannens des Hebels (38, 39, 40) mit dem Zuganker (16) sind in den die maulartige Ausnehmung aufweisenden Teil des Hebels (40) zwei Schrauben (41, 36) eingedreht. Im gabelartig ausgebildeten Teil des Hebels (38, 39) ist eine teilweise mit Gewinde (43) versehene Bohrung (37) vorgesehen, in welche eine Schraube (44) eingedreht ist. Mittels der Schraube (44) lassen sich die beiden Arme des Hebels (38, 39) aufeinander zu bewegen, so daß sich zwischen den Armen des Hebels (38, 39) und dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Näherungsschalteinrichtung eine Klemmverbindung erzielen läßt. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Halteeinrichtung so auszubilden, daß sie in Richtung quer zur Längsachse des Zylinders verstellbar ist.FIG. 4 shows a top view of the holding device for the proximity switching device shown in FIG. 3. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 3 are provided with the same reference symbols.
4 consists of a lever (38, 39) provided with a slot (42) running transversely to the longitudinal axis of a tie rod (16). The two parallel arms (38, 39) of the lever (38, 39) formed by the slot (42) are narrower in the area of the proximity switch device than in the area of the part of the lever (38, 39) surrounding the tie rod (16) and thus form a fork-like part, on the free end region of which recesses are provided for receiving bearing journals arranged on the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device. The joint formed in this way between the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device and the holding device (38, 39) enables the proximity switch device to be rotated relative to the holding device (38, 39) about an axis of the housing (7, 3) running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder ). The end area (40) of the two-armed lever (38, 39) facing away from the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switch device, like the lever shown in FIG. 3, has a mouth-like recess which partially surrounds the tie rod (16). For tensioning the lever (38, 39, 40) with the tie rod (16) two screws (41, 36) are screwed into the part of the lever (40) which has the mouth-like recess. In the fork-like part of the lever (38, 39) there is a partially threaded (43) bore (37) into which a screw (44) is screwed. The two arms of the lever (38, 39) can be moved towards one another by means of the screw (44), so that a clamping connection can be achieved between the arms of the lever (38, 39) and the housing (7, 3) of the proximity switching device. It is of course also possible to design the holding device so that it can be adjusted in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.
Der Einsatz der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Näherungsschalteinrichtung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Die Näherungsschalteinrichtung ist überall dort einsetzbar, wo die Position eines von zwei relativ zueinander bewegbaren Teilen erfaßt und z. B. als Schaltkriterium benutzt werden soll. Wesentlich für eine gute Funktion der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Näherungsschalteinrichtung ist, daß der aus dem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff bestehende Teil des Körpers (im Ausführungsbeispiel Teil '23' des Kolbens "22, 23') so ausgebildet und so geführt ist, daß er das von dem Permanentmagneten ausgeübte und auf den Schalter einwirkende Magnetfeld verstärken kann, wenn sich der Körper in der Nähe des Schalters befindet. Dies bedeutet, daß der nicht mit einem Schaltglied verbundene eine Pol des Permanentmagneten dem am Permanentmagneten vorbeizuführenden Körper zugewandt sein muß und an dem nicht ständig mit dem anderen Pol des Permanentmagneten verbundenen Schaltglied ein Leiter aus einem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff vorgesehen werden sollte, der ebenfalls dem Körper zugewandt ist. Die Verstärkung des Magnetflusses und somit auch die Verstärkung des Magnetfeldes erfolgt beim Schalter (11) gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel überwiegend im Bereich des Schaltgliedes (9), welches nicht ständig mit einem Pol des Permanentmagneten verbunden ist.The use of the proximity switch device described above is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiment. The proximity switch can be used wherever the position of one of two relatively movable parts is detected and z. B. to be used as a switching criterion. It is essential for a good function of the proximity switching device described above that the part of the body consisting of the ferromagnetic material (in the exemplary embodiment part '23' of the piston "22, 23 ') is designed and guided in such a way that it is that of the permanent magnet magnetic field exerted and acting on the switch can increase if the body is in the vicinity of the switch, which means that the pole of the permanent magnet not connected to a switching element must face the body to be guided past the permanent magnet and not always with the another pole of the permanent magnet connected switching element, a conductor made of a ferromagnetic material should be provided, which also faces the body Magnetic flux and thus also the strengthening of the magnetic field takes place in the switch (11) according to the exemplary embodiment predominantly in the area of the switching element (9) which is not constantly connected to a pole of the permanent magnet.
Denkbar ist es auch, zwei parallel und in einem vorbestimmbaren Abstand zueinander angeordnete Permanentmagneten vorzusehen, zwischen denen der Schalter (51) gelegen ist, derart, daß sich seine Schaltglieder in einem Bereich des von den beiden Permanentmagneten erzeugten Magnetfeldes befinden dessen Feldstärke gleich oder annähern Null ist. Der Schalter ist über Anschlußdrähte mit zugehörigen Messerkontakten verbunden.It is also conceivable to provide two permanent magnets arranged in parallel and at a predeterminable distance from one another, between which the switch (51) is situated, in such a way that its switching elements are located in a region of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets, the field strength of which is equal to or approximately zero is. The switch is connected to associated knife contacts via connecting wires.
Durch das von den beiden gegenpolig zueinander angeordneten Permanentmagneten erzeugte Magnetfeld wird der Schalter an seinen Anschlüssen mit der entsprechenden magnetischen Feldstärke vorgespannt. Am Gehäuse können zwei mit den Permanentmagneten magnetisch leitend verbundene nasenartige Vorsprünge vorgesehen werden, welche bei der Montage der Näherungsschalteinrichtung auf einem Zylinder an der Mantelfläche des Zylinders zur Anlage kommen. Eine Näherungsschalteinrichtung der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Art arbeitet wie folgt. Da an beiden Seiten des Schalters die Feldstärke des von den beiden Permanentmagneten erzeugten Magnetfeldes zwar gegenpolig aber dem Betrag nach gleich ist, wird der Schalter nicht zum Schalten erregt. Ein Schalten der Kontakte kann nur erreicht werden, wenn der Schalter entweder näher zu dem einen oder zu dem anderen der beiden Permanentmagneten hin bewegt wird, oder wenn das Magnetfeld eines der beiden Permanentmagneten gestört wird und der andere Permanentmagnet an Einfluß gewinnt. Wird der mit dem ferromagnetischen Teil versehene Kolben im Arbeitszylinder verschoben und gelangt dabei in die Nähe eines der Permanentmagneten, so nehmen die Feldlinien den Weg des kleineren Widerstandes (über das am Kolben vorgesehene ferromagnetische Teil) und verlagern sich aus ihrem früheren Verlauf heraus. Die so hervorgerufene Störung des Magnetfeldes bewirkt ein Schalten der Kontakte des Schalters. Das Verlagern der Feldlinien bewirkt ein Verstärken des Magnetfeldes im Bereich der Kontakte des Schalters.The switch is biased at its connections with the corresponding magnetic field strength by the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other. Two nose-like projections, which are connected in a magnetically conductive manner to the permanent magnets, can be provided on the housing and come to rest on the outer surface of the cylinder when the proximity switch device is mounted on a cylinder. A proximity switch device of the type described above operates as follows. Since on both sides of the switch the field strength of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets has the opposite polarity but the same amount, the switch is not excited to switch. Switching of the contacts can only be achieved if the switch is either moved closer to one or the other of the two permanent magnets, or if the magnetic field of one of the two permanent magnets is disturbed and the other permanent magnet gains influence. Will the one with the Piston provided ferromagnetic part moved in the working cylinder and thereby comes close to one of the permanent magnets, so the field lines take the path of smaller resistance (via the ferromagnetic part provided on the piston) and shift out of their earlier course. The magnetic field disturbance thus caused causes the contacts of the switch to switch. The shifting of the field lines causes an intensification of the magnetic field in the area of the contacts of the switch.
Anstelle eines Reed-Kontaktelementes können in der beschriebenen Näherungsschalteinrichtung auch Feldplatten angeordnet werden.Instead of a reed contact element, field plates can also be arranged in the proximity switch described.
Claims (15)
gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:
characterized by the following features:
gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:
characterized by the following features:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86106629T ATE84910T1 (en) | 1985-06-29 | 1986-05-15 | NON-CONTACT PROXIMITY SWITCHING DEVICE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3523371 | 1985-06-29 | ||
DE3523371 | 1985-06-29 | ||
DE3609537 | 1986-03-21 | ||
DE19863609537 DE3609537A1 (en) | 1985-06-29 | 1986-03-21 | NON-CONTACTIVE PROXIMITY SWITCHING DEVICE |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0207270A2 true EP0207270A2 (en) | 1987-01-07 |
EP0207270A3 EP0207270A3 (en) | 1988-09-14 |
EP0207270B1 EP0207270B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
Family
ID=25833593
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86106629A Expired - Lifetime EP0207270B1 (en) | 1985-06-29 | 1986-05-15 | Contactless working proximity switching device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4680436A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0207270B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE84910T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8603000A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3609537A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2664946A1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-01-24 | Festo Kg | Driving thrust cylinder |
EP0824196A1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-18 | Honeywell Lucifer Sa | Electro-pneumatic control-head for actuators |
CN109530652A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州华昌汽车电器有限公司 | A kind of plug-in type stainless steel sensor oil cylinder of die casting |
DE102018105255B4 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2023-01-26 | Sick Ag | Device for attaching a sensor to a hygiene cylinder |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4752657A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-06-21 | Allied Automation Systems, Inc. | Proximity switch mounting apparatus |
EP0297150B1 (en) * | 1987-06-27 | 1990-08-29 | Pulsotronic Merten GmbH & Co. KG | Position detector for the movable part of a fluid driven servomotor |
FR2620530B1 (en) * | 1987-09-16 | 1991-04-12 | Celduc | ELECTRICAL SENSOR DEVICE |
DE3734525A1 (en) * | 1987-10-13 | 1989-04-27 | Festo Kg | ESPECIALLY OPERATING SWITCHING ARRANGEMENT IN DEPENDENCE ON CERTAIN PISTON POSITIONS OF A PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT |
US4800241A (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-01-24 | Allied Automation Systems, Inc. | Proximity switch mounting plate |
US5219068A (en) * | 1991-07-16 | 1993-06-15 | Cincinnati Milacron, Inc. | Adjustable proximity switch mounting assembly |
US5285652A (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1994-02-15 | General Electric Company | Sensor for pressure controlled switching valve for refrigeration system |
US5704813A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-01-06 | Namco Controls Corporation | Proximity sensor housing and arrangement |
US8375801B2 (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-02-19 | Sondex Limited | Sensitive differential pressure sensor and method |
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DE1590157B2 (en) * | 1966-09-29 | 1973-03-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED SWITCHING DEVICE |
DE7430805U (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1976-03-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Attachment body, in particular magnetic field switch |
US4086456A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-25 | Cincinnati Milacron Inc. | Mounting for magnetic switch |
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DE3516346C1 (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-04-30 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Clamping device for fastening a position sensor to the tie rod of a pressure-medium cylinder |
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DE1290223B (en) * | 1965-02-19 | 1969-03-06 | Siemens Ag | Switching device with magnetically operated switches, especially for lift systems |
CH460127A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1968-07-31 | Zellweger Uster Ag | Method and proximity switch for switching circuits through ferromagnetic bodies |
DE7907415U1 (en) * | 1979-03-16 | 1979-06-13 | Martonair Druckluftsteuerungen Gmbh, 4234 Alpen | Pneumatic cylinder with a permanent magnet attached to the cylinder piston for contactless switching of a magnetic switch |
DD209541A1 (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-05-09 | Guenter Andres | BUTTON WITH PROTECTION TUBE CONTACTS |
JPS60178952A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-09-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Fuel injection controller for internal-combustion engine |
DE3411367A1 (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1985-10-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | PRESSURE STORAGE |
-
1986
- 1986-03-21 DE DE19863609537 patent/DE3609537A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-05-15 AT AT86106629T patent/ATE84910T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-15 EP EP86106629A patent/EP0207270B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-05-15 DE DE8686106629T patent/DE3687547D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-06-27 BR BR8603000A patent/BR8603000A/en unknown
- 1986-07-28 US US06/879,688 patent/US4680436A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1590157B2 (en) * | 1966-09-29 | 1973-03-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | MAGNETICALLY CONTROLLED SWITCHING DEVICE |
DE7430805U (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1976-03-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Attachment body, in particular magnetic field switch |
US4086456A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-25 | Cincinnati Milacron Inc. | Mounting for magnetic switch |
DE2819818A1 (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-06-07 | Scovill Manufacturing Co | MAGNETIC SCANNING DEVICE |
DE2917232A1 (en) * | 1978-05-03 | 1979-11-08 | Hydro Pneumatic Ab | Permanent magnet indicator for piston in cylinder - has piston coated on sliding surfaces with permanent magnetic plastics material |
DE3516346C1 (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-04-30 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Clamping device for fastening a position sensor to the tie rod of a pressure-medium cylinder |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2664946A1 (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-01-24 | Festo Kg | Driving thrust cylinder |
EP0824196A1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-18 | Honeywell Lucifer Sa | Electro-pneumatic control-head for actuators |
CH691003A5 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 2001-03-30 | Parker Lucifer Sa | electro-pneumatic control for head actuators. |
DE102018105255B4 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2023-01-26 | Sick Ag | Device for attaching a sensor to a hygiene cylinder |
CN109530652A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-29 | 贵州华昌汽车电器有限公司 | A kind of plug-in type stainless steel sensor oil cylinder of die casting |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4680436A (en) | 1987-07-14 |
BR8603000A (en) | 1987-02-17 |
ATE84910T1 (en) | 1993-02-15 |
DE3609537A1 (en) | 1987-01-08 |
DE3687547D1 (en) | 1993-03-04 |
EP0207270A3 (en) | 1988-09-14 |
EP0207270B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
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