EP0204115B1 - Projectile for emitting ir radiation - Google Patents

Projectile for emitting ir radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204115B1
EP0204115B1 EP86105294A EP86105294A EP0204115B1 EP 0204115 B1 EP0204115 B1 EP 0204115B1 EP 86105294 A EP86105294 A EP 86105294A EP 86105294 A EP86105294 A EP 86105294A EP 0204115 B1 EP0204115 B1 EP 0204115B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ignition
destroying
combustible
self
leaves
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EP86105294A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0204115A2 (en
EP0204115A3 (en
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Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co. Buck
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Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
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Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
    • F42B4/26—Flares; Torches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile for displaying an infrared radiator.
  • a projectile for displaying an infrared radiator.
  • Such a projectile is disclosed in DE-PS 28 11 016, which, however, is not part of the prior art (Art. 54 (2) EPC).
  • missiles are used to set up so-called infrared dummy targets, i.e. to deflect missiles equipped with an infrared seeker. If, for example, the location devices of a ship determine that such a missile is approaching, then the missile is fired; which then ignites and ejects the burnt papers at a predetermined distance and height from the ship, so that the burnt papers form a slowly absent, burning disturbing cloud that deflects the incoming missile from the ship and onto itself.
  • the ignition of the ignition decomposition charge initially results in a "radiation flash", that is, radiation of high intensity but extremely short time, whereupon the radiation effect of the burning papers comes into play in such a way that initially a more or less steep increase (burning phase of the papers) up to a certain maximum (all leaflets burn on their entire surface), followed by a constant or slightly decreasing radiation, with a more or less steeply falling end flank at the time when the burning leaflets are extinguished.
  • the maximum of the fins is therefore a "radiation hole", the temporal size of which depends on the steepness of the rising edge of the fins, so it is a function of the reaction speed of the focal layer.
  • the radiation hole mentioned can lead to a reduction in protection, because the distance between the aircraft and the radiation cloud increases extremely quickly.
  • the radiation hole mentioned has a disadvantageous effect on the protection of very large and slowly moving objects, such as ships of considerable size, if for a completely different reason than in the case of the aircraft mentioned above.
  • very early detection of the approaching missile is necessary, on the one hand because the maneuvering speed of such ships is low, and on the other hand because the missile can only be deflected if both the ship and the neighboring interference cloud are in its search field appears, which is only the case if the missile is still far away from the ship.
  • the requirement for the comparatively early formation of the radiation cloud means that the radiation time of the cloud must be long, and that the burning leaves thus have a burning time of, for example, 30 to 40 seconds.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve a throwing body in such a way that the explained radiation hole of the resulting radiation cloud is considerably shortened, both with burning layers of short and with burning layers of long and very long burning times.
  • the solution to this problem results from the characteristics of the characterizing part of the main claim.
  • an ignition aid mass is switched on between the igniter charge or the igniter sleeve and the fuel sheets, i.e. a fast-reacting mass which, on the one hand, emits high-intensity infrared radiation during its burn-up and thus, so to speak, extends the flash of ignition charge, and on the other hand extends the fire layer of the Firing leaves ignited so extensively that their radiation rising edge becomes very steep.
  • the extension of the radiation flash in the case of burning papers with burning layers of any reaction speed (fast, medium, slow) has an effect on the largest possible ignition, and this also in the case of a high relative speed between the burning papers and the ambient air (prevention of Blow-out effect).
  • the dummy target shines with the highest possible intensity immediately after initiating the fault measures, because in such a case the seeker has already switched to the target and therefore the dummy target must radiate much more strongly than the actual one Aim to pull the seeker head away from the latter.
  • This radiation behavior is in turn made possible by a mixture of fast-burning papers (high radiation intensity) and slow-burning (low radiation intensity) papers.
  • the figure shows a contact head 1 with a charge chamber in which, in the ready-to-operate state, there is an ejection charge 15, in which a squib 17 is embedded.
  • the charge chamber is closed on the bottom part of the contact head 1 with a screw cap, which has window-like predetermined breaking points and a web-shaped abutment for a spacer of a shooting cup.
  • An ignition delay set 31 is arranged in the head part of the contact head 1 and connects the charge chamber to the inside of a throwing agent container 3.
  • the ignition delay set 31 is screwed into the head part of the contact head 1 via a threaded sleeve.
  • the fastening plate 71 is arranged in a sealing manner in the bottom of the throwing agent container 3 via an O-ring 113.
  • the contact head 1 is made together with the screw cap, including its other components, by injection molding from polystyrene.
  • the wall thickness of the throwing agent container 3 and the material thickness of the lid 5 are approximately 0.25 mm.
  • An ignition disassembly unit 33 is inserted in the interior of the throwing agent container 3 in the mounting plate 71.
  • This ignition disassembly unit 33 consists of a sleeve 75 which contains an ignition disassembly charge 35 and which has an inwardly flanged edge 77 at its end located in the mounting plate 71 a cover disk 79 engages, by means of which the sleeve 75 is fastened in the fastening plate 71 on the bottom 29 of the throwing agent container 3 in a sealing manner by means of a hole screw 81 and an annular seal 115.
  • the bore in the cover disk 79 is covered with a glued-on film 119, preferably a tin film, and this thereby closes the ignition disassembly kit 35 with respect to the ignition delay set 31.
  • the igniter substitute passes through an igniter core 37 made of nitrocellulose powder tubes over its entire length. This powder tube preferably has a diameter of 1.3 mm and a continuous inner hole of 0.2 mm in diameter.
  • a throwing agent 73 is arranged in the interior of the throwing agent container 3, which is circular sector-shaped leaflets 83 with burning layers.
  • the sleeve 75 of the ignition disassembly unit 33 is made of aluminum just like the throwing agent container 3 and its cover 5 and its fastening plate 71.
  • Sleeve 75, throwing agent container 3 and lid 5 each have a wall thickness of approximately 0.25 mm.
  • a second sleeve 84 which has an extremely thin wall thickness, is provided between the igniter sleeve 75 and the fuel discs 83, to be precise after this.
  • the annular space between the two sleeves 75 and 84 is filled with an ignition aid compound 85, specifically with loosely poured red phosphorus.
  • the ignition disassembly kit 35 When the ignition disassembly kit 35 is ignited, it ignites the ignition aid compound 85, which emits a considerable amount of infrared radiation during its brief erosion and, at the same time, ignites the burning discs 83 over a large area.
  • This large-area lighting of the fuel discs 83 results from the fact that the firing of the ignition aid mass 85 forms a fireball around the throwing body, through which the burning discs 83 fly.
  • the burning sheets 83 therefore quickly catch fire over a large area and this also when the burning layer is very slow to react, that is to say, for example, passivated or covered with a passivation layer.
  • the ignition disassembly set reacts evenly over its entire length, so that the ignition aid can be effective evenly all around and over the entire length.
  • the igniter core made of nitrocellulose powder, which is centrally located in the ignition disassembly kit and which has a stabilizing effect on rapid combustion due to its easy flammability, the high burning rate and the release of gas during burning. Without this burn-off stabilizer, there could be a risk of fluctuations in the reaction speed which can be caused in the course of storage as a result of an uneven compression of the batch, these uneven compressions being caused, for example, by shaking during transport.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but numerous modifications are possible compared to it.
  • the second sleeve 84 is not absolutely necessary; the ignition aid compound 83 can also be filled into the annular space between the sleeve 75 and the stack of fuel sheets.
  • Another possibility is to extend the fuel discs 83 to the sleeve 75 and thus to drop the annular space, in which case the discs themselves are dusted with the ignition aid compound 83 or this is applied to the discs as the top layer.
  • an ignition aid compound other than red phosphorus but this is preferred because it is usually also part of the burning layer of the leaflets 83.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wurfkörper zur Darstellung eines Infrarot-Flächenstrahlers. Ein derartiger Wurfkörper ist in der DE-PS 28 11 016 offenbart, die jedoch nicht zum Stand der Technik gehört (Art. 54 (2) EPÜ).The invention relates to a projectile for displaying an infrared radiator. Such a projectile is disclosed in DE-PS 28 11 016, which, however, is not part of the prior art (Art. 54 (2) EPC).

Diese Wurfkörper dienen zur Errichtung sogenannter Infrarot-Scheinziele, also zur Ablenkung von mit einem Infrarot-Suchkpf ausgerüsteten Flugkörpem. Wird beispielsweise von den Ortungsgeräten eines Schiffs festgestellt, daß sich ein derartiger Flugkörper nähert, dann wird der Wurfkörper abgeschossen; der daraufhin in einer vorgegebenen Entfernung und Höhe vom Schiff die Brennblättchen anzündet und ausstößt, so daß die Brennblättchen eine langsam absikende, brennende Störwolke bilden, die den ankommenden Flugkörper vom Schiff ab- und auf sich lenkt.These missiles are used to set up so-called infrared dummy targets, i.e. to deflect missiles equipped with an infrared seeker. If, for example, the location devices of a ship determine that such a missile is approaching, then the missile is fired; which then ignites and ejects the burnt papers at a predetermined distance and height from the ship, so that the burnt papers form a slowly absent, burning disturbing cloud that deflects the incoming missile from the ship and onto itself.

Eingehende Untersuchungen der Vorgänge haben nun ergeben, daß die Infrarotstrahlung einer solchen Störwolke einen ganz charakteristischen Zeitablauf aufweist. Durch die Anzündung der Anzündzerlegerladung ergibt sich zunächst ein "Strahlungsblitz", also eine Strahlung hoher Intensität aber extrem kurzer Zeit, worauf dann die Strahlungswirkung der Brennblättchen zum Tragen kommt, in der Weise, daß zunächst ein mehr oder minder steiler Anstieg (Anbrennphase der Blättchen) bis auf ein bestimmtes Maximum (alle Blättchen brennen auf ihrer Gesamtfläche) erfolgt, gefolgt von einer gleichbleibenden oder geringfügig absinkenden Strahlung, mit einer mehr oder minder steil abfallenden Endflanke zum Zeitpunkt des Erlöschens der Brennblättchen. Zwischen dem anfänglichen Strahlungsblitz und der Erreichung des Strah-. lungsmaximums der Brennblättchen besteht also ein"Strahlungsloch", dessen zeitliche Größe von der Steilheit der Anstiegsflanke der Blättchenstrahlung abhängt, somit also eine Funktion der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Brennschicht der Brennblättchen ist.Detailed investigations of the processes have now shown that the infrared radiation from such a disturbing cloud has a very characteristic time course. The ignition of the ignition decomposition charge initially results in a "radiation flash", that is, radiation of high intensity but extremely short time, whereupon the radiation effect of the burning papers comes into play in such a way that initially a more or less steep increase (burning phase of the papers) up to a certain maximum (all leaflets burn on their entire surface), followed by a constant or slightly decreasing radiation, with a more or less steeply falling end flank at the time when the burning leaflets are extinguished. Between the initial flash of radiation and reaching the beam. The maximum of the fins is therefore a "radiation hole", the temporal size of which depends on the steepness of the rising edge of the fins, so it is a function of the reaction speed of the focal layer.

Es wurden nun weiterhin Untersuchungen darüber durchgeführt, ob und gegebenenfalls in welcher Weise das erwähnte Strahlungsloch einen Einfluß auf die Schutzwirkung der Störwolke hat. Dabei hat sich ergeben, daß dieser Einfluß dann im allgemeinen außer Betracht bleiben kann, wenn es um den Schutz eines mittelgroßen und mittelschnellen Objekts geht, beispielsweise um den Schutz eines Schnellboots. Wurfkörper für Boote dieser Grö-Benklasse werden mit Brennblättchen einer Brennzeit zwischen 10 und 20 Sekunden ausgestattet, also einer vergleichsweise schnell reagierenden Brennschicht, so daß das Strahlungsloch vergleichsweise kurz ist; außerdem sind diese Boote infolge ihrer Wendigkeit für schnelle Ausweichmanöver geeignet.Investigations have now been carried out as to whether and if so in what way the radiation hole mentioned has an influence on the protective effect of the interference cloud. It has emerged that this influence can generally be disregarded when it comes to protecting a medium-sized and medium-speed object, for example the protection of a speedboat. Throwing bodies for boats of this size class are equipped with burning papers with a burning time of between 10 and 20 seconds, that is to say a comparatively quickly reacting burning layer, so that the radiation hole is comparatively short; these boats are also suitable for quick evasive maneuvers due to their maneuverability.

Geht es dagegen um den Schutz sich sehr schnell bewegender Objekte, insbesondere Flugzeuge, dann kann das erwähnte Strahlungsloch zu einer Verminderung des Schutzes führen, weil sich ja die Entfernung zwischen Flugzeug und der Strahlungswolke äußerst schnell vergrößert. Nun ist es zwar möglich, das Strahlungsloch durch Erhöhung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Brennschicht der Brennblättchen, etwa auf eine - hier genügende - Brennzeit von 5 Sekunden zu verkürzen, jedoch wurden damit keine voll zufriedenstellenden Ergebnisse erzielt, insbesondere deshalb nicht, weil durch die hohe Relativgeschwindigkeit der Brennblättchen gegenüber der Luft es auch bei schnell reagierenden Brennschichten zu einer Verzögerung des Anbrennvorganges kommt.On the other hand, when it comes to protecting very fast-moving objects, especially aircraft, the radiation hole mentioned can lead to a reduction in protection, because the distance between the aircraft and the radiation cloud increases extremely quickly. Although it is now possible to shorten the radiation hole by increasing the reaction speed of the burning layer of the burning leaflets, for example to a - here sufficient - burning time of 5 seconds, it has not been possible to achieve fully satisfactory results, in particular not because of the high relative speed of the Burning papers in relation to the air there is a delay in the burning process even with fast-reacting burning layers.

Andererseits wirkt sich das erwähnte Strahlungsloch beim Schutz sehr großer und sich langsam bewegender Objekte, etwa Schiffen beträchtlicher Größe, nachteilig aus, wenn auch aus einem völlig anderen Grund als im vorerwähnten Fall der Flugzeuge. Zum Schutz großer Schiffe ist eine sehr frühe Erkennung des anfliegenden Flugkörpers erforderlich, zum einen, weil die Manövriergeschwindigkeit derartiger Schiffe niedrig ist, zum anderen, weil eine Ablenkung des Flugkörpers nur dann erfolgen kann, wenn in dessen Suchfeld sowohl das Schiff als auch die benachbarte Störwolke erscheint, was nur dann der Fall ist, wenn der Flugkörper noch weit vom Schiff entfernt ist. Die Erfordemis des vergleichsweise frühzeitigen Bildens der Strahlungswolke bringt aber mit sich, daß die Strahlungszeit der Wolke lang sein muß, die Brennblättchen somit eine Brennzeit von beispielsweise 30 bis 40 Sekunden aufweisen. Letzteres ist aber nur möglich, wenn die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Brennschicht sehr langsam ist, mit der Folge eines sehr langsamen Anbrennvorgangs, was zu einer derartigen Verlängerung des Strahlungslochs führt, daß keine Gewähr mehr für die rechtzeitige Ablenkung des Flugkörpers gegeben ist, wenn Sofortmaßnahmen getroffen werden müssen, der ankommende Flugkörper also sehr spät erkannt wird. Dieser Nachteil bei Sofortmaßnahmen ist unabhängig von der Größe und der Geschwindigkeit des zu schützenden Objekts.On the other hand, the radiation hole mentioned has a disadvantageous effect on the protection of very large and slowly moving objects, such as ships of considerable size, if for a completely different reason than in the case of the aircraft mentioned above. To protect large ships, very early detection of the approaching missile is necessary, on the one hand because the maneuvering speed of such ships is low, and on the other hand because the missile can only be deflected if both the ship and the neighboring interference cloud are in its search field appears, which is only the case if the missile is still far away from the ship. However, the requirement for the comparatively early formation of the radiation cloud means that the radiation time of the cloud must be long, and that the burning leaves thus have a burning time of, for example, 30 to 40 seconds. The latter is only possible if the reaction speed of the burning layer is very slow, with the result of a very slow burning process, which leads to such an elongation of the radiation hole that there is no longer any guarantee for the timely deflection of the missile if immediate measures have to be taken , the incoming missile is recognized very late. This disadvantage with immediate measures is independent of the size and speed of the object to be protected.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist deshalb, einen Wurfkörper so zu verbessern, daß das erläuterte Strahlungsloch der entstehenden Strahlungswolke beträchtlich verkürzt wird, und zwar sowohl bei Brennschichten kurzer als auch bei Brennschichten langer und sehr langer Brennzeit. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Kennzeichens des Hauptanspruchs.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve a throwing body in such a way that the explained radiation hole of the resulting radiation cloud is considerably shortened, both with burning layers of short and with burning layers of long and very long burning times. The solution to this problem results from the characteristics of the characterizing part of the main claim.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird also zwischen Anzündzerlegedadung bzw. Anzündzerlegerhülse und den Brennblättchen eine Anzündhilfe-Masse eingeschaltet, also eine schnell reagierende Masse, die einerseits während ihres Abbrands eine Infrarotstrahlung starker Intensität abgibt und somit den Strahlungsblitz der Zündzerlegerladung sozusagen verlängert, und die andererseits die Brandchicht der Brennblättchen so großflächig entzündet, daß deren Strahlungs-Anstiegsflanke sehr steil wird. Dabei wirkt sich die Verlängerung des Strahlungsblitzes bei Brennblättchen mit Brennschichten jeglicher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit (schnell, mittel, langsam) hinsichtlich einer möglichst großflächigen Entzündung aus, und dies auch im Fall einer hohen Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen den Brennblättchen und der Umgebungsluft (Verhinderung des Ausblaseffekts). Damit wird aber der Anwendungsbereich der Wurfkörper wesentlich vergrößert, und zwar sowohl bezüglich der Anwendung zum Schutz von sehr schnellen Objekten (Flugzeug) und sehr großen Objekten (große Schiffe), als auch allgemein für die Durchführung von Sofortmaßnahmen.According to the invention, therefore, an ignition aid mass is switched on between the igniter charge or the igniter sleeve and the fuel sheets, i.e. a fast-reacting mass which, on the one hand, emits high-intensity infrared radiation during its burn-up and thus, so to speak, extends the flash of ignition charge, and on the other hand extends the fire layer of the Firing leaves ignited so extensively that their radiation rising edge becomes very steep. The extension of the radiation flash in the case of burning papers with burning layers of any reaction speed (fast, medium, slow) has an effect on the largest possible ignition, and this also in the case of a high relative speed between the burning papers and the ambient air (prevention of Blow-out effect). However, this significantly increases the range of application of the throwing bodies, both with regard to the use for protecting very fast objects (aircraft) and very large objects (large ships), and generally for the implementation of immediate measures.

Eine besonders zweckmäßige Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist im Anspruch 2 gekennzeichnet. Dabei ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß es bei besonders langsam reagierenden Brennschichten, also Brennblättchen mit extrem flachen Anstiegsflanken, zweckmä- βig ist, einen Teil davon durch schnell brennende Blättchen zu ersetzen, um so das Strahlungsloch zu überbrücken. Mit dieser Maßnahme ist es auch möglich, ein Scheinziel mit langer Standzeit (30 bis 40 Sekunden) darzustellen, das zu Beginn eine hohe Strahlungsleistung hat, die dann nach einigen Sekunden (beispielsweise 5 bis 10 Sekunden) auf ein niedrigeres Niveau abfällt und dieses Niveau dann über längere Zeit beibehält. Darüberhinaus erbringt aber die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 2 auch Vorteile bei Sofortmaßnahmen. Gerade bei einer solchen Maßnahme ist es nämlich notwendig, daß unmittelbar nach dem Einleiten der Störmaßnahmen das Scheinziel mit einer möglichst hohen Intensität strahlt, weil in einem solchen Falle der Suchkopf bereits auf das Ziel aufgeschaltet hat und daher das Scheinziel wesentlich stärker strahlen muß als das eigentliche Ziel, um den Suchkopf von letzterem weg auf sich ziehen zu können. Dieses Strahlungsverhalten wird wiederum durch ein Gemisch aus schnell brennenden Blättchen (hohe Strahlungsintensität) und langsam brennenden (niedrige Strahlungsintensität) Blättchen ermöglicht.A particularly expedient development of the invention is characterized in claim 2. It should be pointed out that in the case of particularly slow-reacting burning layers, that is to say burning papers with extremely flat rising flanks, it is expedient to replace part of them with fast-burning papers in order to bridge the radiation hole. With this measure, it is also possible to represent an apparent target with a long service life (30 to 40 seconds) that initially has a high radiation power, which then drops to a lower level after a few seconds (for example 5 to 10 seconds) and then this level maintains for a long time. In addition, however, the embodiment according to claim 2 also provides advantages in the case of immediate measures. Especially with such a measure, it is necessary that the dummy target shines with the highest possible intensity immediately after initiating the fault measures, because in such a case the seeker has already switched to the target and therefore the dummy target must radiate much more strongly than the actual one Aim to pull the seeker head away from the latter. This radiation behavior is in turn made possible by a mixture of fast-burning papers (high radiation intensity) and slow-burning (low radiation intensity) papers.

Weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen 3 bis 10.Further expedient refinements of the invention result from subclaims 3 to 10.

Auf der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt, wobei die einzige Figur den Wurfkörper im Längsschnitt darstellt.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown, the single figure showing the throwing body in longitudinal section.

Im einzelnen zeigt die Figur einen Kontaktkopf 1 mit einer Ladungskammer, in der sich in betriebsfertigem Zustand eine Ausstoßladung 15 befindet, in welche eine Zündpille 17 eingebettet ist. Die Ladungskammer ist am Bodenteil des Kontaktkopfes 1 mit einem Schraubdeckel verschlossen, der fensterartige Sollbruchstellen und ein stegförmig ausgebildetes Widerlager für ein Distanzstück eines Schießbechers aufweist. Im Kopfteil des Kontaktkopfs 1 ist ein Zündverzögerungssatz 31 angeordnet, der die Ladungskammer mit dem Inneren eines Wurfrnittelbehälters 3 verbindet. Der Zündverzögerungssatz 31 ist über eine Gewindehülse in das Kopfteil des Kontaktkopfs 1 eingeschraubt. Im Mantel der Ladungskammer sind Durchlässe vorhanden, die die Zündpille 17 über abgedichtete Drahtleitungen und über Verbindungsstifte mit im Außenmantel des Kontaktkopfs 1 angeordneten Kontaktringen verbinden. Im Kontaktkopf 1 sind Schrauben 45 zu sehen, deren Bohrungen durch Abdeckkappen 109 mit dem Bodenteil des Kontaktkopfs 1 bündig verschlossen sind. Die Schrauben 45 führen in eine im Boden 29 des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 angeordnete Befestigungsplatte 71 und verbinden so den Wurfmittelbehälter 3 fest mit dem Kontaktkopf 1.In detail, the figure shows a contact head 1 with a charge chamber in which, in the ready-to-operate state, there is an ejection charge 15, in which a squib 17 is embedded. The charge chamber is closed on the bottom part of the contact head 1 with a screw cap, which has window-like predetermined breaking points and a web-shaped abutment for a spacer of a shooting cup. An ignition delay set 31 is arranged in the head part of the contact head 1 and connects the charge chamber to the inside of a throwing agent container 3. The ignition delay set 31 is screwed into the head part of the contact head 1 via a threaded sleeve. In the jacket of the charge chamber there are passages which connect the squib 17 via sealed wire lines and via connecting pins to contact rings arranged in the outer jacket of the contact head 1. Screws 45 can be seen in the contact head 1, the bores of which are closed flush with cover caps 109 with the bottom part of the contact head 1. The screws 45 lead into a fastening plate 71 arranged in the bottom 29 of the throwing agent container 3 and thus firmly connect the throwing agent container 3 to the contact head 1.

Die Befestigungsplatte 71 ist über einen O-Ring 113 dicht schließend im Boden des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 angeordnet. Der Kontaktkopf 1 ist zusammen mit dem Schraubdeckel unter Einbezug seiner anderen Bauelemente durch Spritzgießen aus Polystyrol gefertigt.The fastening plate 71 is arranged in a sealing manner in the bottom of the throwing agent container 3 via an O-ring 113. The contact head 1 is made together with the screw cap, including its other components, by injection molding from polystyrene.

Am Kopf des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 ist über einen entsprechenden Bördel ein Deckel 5 angeordnet. Wurfmittelbehälter 3 und Deckel 5 dieses Wurfmittelbehälters 3 bestehen einschließlich der Befestigungsplatte 71 (oder des als Befestigungsplatte verstärkt ausgebildeten Bodens) aus Aluminium. Die Wandstärke des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 und die Materialstärke des Deckels 5 betragen etwa 0,25 mm.At the head of the throwing agent container 3, a cover 5 is arranged via a corresponding flange. Throwing agent container 3 and cover 5 of this throwing agent container 3, including the fastening plate 71 (or the base, which is reinforced as a fastening plate), are made of aluminum. The wall thickness of the throwing agent container 3 and the material thickness of the lid 5 are approximately 0.25 mm.

Im Inneren des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 befindet sich in der Befestigungsplatte 71 eingesetzt eine Anzündzerlegereinheit 33. Diese Anzündzerlegereinheit 33 besteht aus einer Hülse 75, die eine Anzündzerlegerladung 35 enthält und die an ihrem in der Befestigungsplatte 71 befindlichen Ende einen nach innen gebördelten Rand 77 aufweist, der in eine Deckscheibe 79 eingreift, über die die Hülse 75 mittels einer Lochschraube 81 und eine Ringdichtung 115 dicht schließend in der Befestigungsplatte 71 am Boden 29 des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 befestigt ist. Die Bohrung in der Deckscheibe 79 ist mit einer aufgeklebten Folie 119, vorzugsweise einer Zinnfolie, abgedeckt, und diese schließt hierdurch den Anzündzerlegersatz 35 gegenüber dem Anzündverzögerungssatz 31 ab. Den Anzündzeriegersatz durchläuft auf seiner ganzen Länge eine Anzündseele 37 aus Nitrozellulose-Pulverröhrchen. Vorzugsweise hat dieses Pulverröhrchen einen Durchmesser von 1,3mm und ein durchgehendes Innenloch von 0,2mm Durchmesser. Im Abstand von der Hülse 75 der Anzündzerlegereinheit 33 bis zur Wandung 41 des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 erstreckend ist im Inneren des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 ein Wurfmittel 73 angeordnet, bei dem es sich um kreissektorförmige Blättchen 83 mit Brennschichten handelt Diese kreissektorförmigen Blättchen 83 sind im Inneren des Wurfmittelbehälters 3 somit mit Abstand um die Hülse 75 der Anzündzerlegereinheit 33 herum schichtförmig angeordnet. Die Hülse 75 der Anzündzerlegereinheit 33 besteht genauso wie der Wurfmittelbehälter 3 und sein Deckel 5 sowie seine Befestigungsplatte 71 aus Aluminium. Hülse 75, Wurfmittelbehälter 3 und Deckel 5 haben jeweils eine Wandstärke von etwa 0,25mm.An ignition disassembly unit 33 is inserted in the interior of the throwing agent container 3 in the mounting plate 71. This ignition disassembly unit 33 consists of a sleeve 75 which contains an ignition disassembly charge 35 and which has an inwardly flanged edge 77 at its end located in the mounting plate 71 a cover disk 79 engages, by means of which the sleeve 75 is fastened in the fastening plate 71 on the bottom 29 of the throwing agent container 3 in a sealing manner by means of a hole screw 81 and an annular seal 115. The bore in the cover disk 79 is covered with a glued-on film 119, preferably a tin film, and this thereby closes the ignition disassembly kit 35 with respect to the ignition delay set 31. The igniter substitute passes through an igniter core 37 made of nitrocellulose powder tubes over its entire length. This powder tube preferably has a diameter of 1.3 mm and a continuous inner hole of 0.2 mm in diameter. At a distance from the sleeve 75 of the ignition disassembly unit 33 to the wall 41 of the throwing agent container 3, a throwing agent 73 is arranged in the interior of the throwing agent container 3, which is circular sector-shaped leaflets 83 with burning layers. These circular sector-shaped leaflets 83 are thus inside the throwing agent container 3 spaced around the sleeve 75 of the ignition disassembling unit 33. The sleeve 75 of the ignition disassembly unit 33 is made of aluminum just like the throwing agent container 3 and its cover 5 and its fastening plate 71. Sleeve 75, throwing agent container 3 and lid 5 each have a wall thickness of approximately 0.25 mm.

Zwischen der Anzündzedegerhülse 75 und den Brennblättchen 83, und zwar an diese anschlie- βend, ist eine zweite Hülse 84 vorgesehen, die eine extrem dünne Wandstärke aufweist. Der Ringraum zwischen den beiden Hülsen 75 und 84 ist mit einer Anzündhilfe-Masse 85 angefülft, und zwar mit lose geschüttetem roten Phosphor.A second sleeve 84, which has an extremely thin wall thickness, is provided between the igniter sleeve 75 and the fuel discs 83, to be precise after this. The annular space between the two sleeves 75 and 84 is filled with an ignition aid compound 85, specifically with loosely poured red phosphorus.

Beim Zünden des Anzündzerlegersatzes 35 entzündet dieser die Anzündhilfe-Masse 85, die während ihres kurzzeitigen Abbrands eine Infrarotstrahlung beträchtlicher Stärke abgibt und zugleich die Brennblättchen 83 großflächig anzündet. Dieses großflächige Anzünden der Brennblättchen 83 ergibt sich dadurch, daß sich durch den Abbrand der Anzündhilfe-Masse 85 um den Wurfkörper herum ein Feuerball bildet, den die Brennblättchen 83 durchfliegen. Die Brennblättchen 83 geraten deshalb auch dann sehr schnell großflächig in Brand und dies auch, wenn die Brennschicht sehr reaktionslangsam ist, also beispielsweise passiviert oder mit einer Passivierungsschicht überzogen ist.When the ignition disassembly kit 35 is ignited, it ignites the ignition aid compound 85, which emits a considerable amount of infrared radiation during its brief erosion and, at the same time, ignites the burning discs 83 over a large area. This large-area lighting of the fuel discs 83 results from the fact that the firing of the ignition aid mass 85 forms a fireball around the throwing body, through which the burning discs 83 fly. The burning sheets 83 therefore quickly catch fire over a large area and this also when the burning layer is very slow to react, that is to say, for example, passivated or covered with a passivation layer.

In Bezug auf die erwähnte gleichmäßige, großflächige Anzündung aller Brennblättchen spielt auch eine wesentliche Rolle, daß der Anzündzerlegersatz auf seiner ganzen Länge gleichmäßig durchreagiert, um damit auch die Anzündhilfe gleichmäßig ringsum und auf der ganzen Länge wirksam werden zu lassen. Gefördert wird dies durch die zentral im Anzündzerlegersatz angeordnete Anzündseele aus Nitrozellulose-Pulver, die sich aufgrund ihrer leichten Entzündlichkeit, der hohen Abbrandgeschwindigkeit und der Gasabspaltung beim Abbrand hinsichtlich eines schnellen Abbrandes stabilisierend auswirkt. Ohne diesen Abbrandstabilisator könnte die Gefahr bestehen, daß Schwankungen in der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit auftreten, die im Laufe der Lagerung infolge einer ungleichmäßigen Verdichtung des Satzes verursacht werden können, wobei diese ungleichmäßigen Verdichtungen beispielsweise durch Rütteln beim Transport hervorgerufen werden.With regard to the above-mentioned uniform, large-area ignition of all burning leaves, it also plays an essential role that the ignition disassembly set reacts evenly over its entire length, so that the ignition aid can be effective evenly all around and over the entire length. This is promoted by the igniter core made of nitrocellulose powder, which is centrally located in the ignition disassembly kit and which has a stabilizing effect on rapid combustion due to its easy flammability, the high burning rate and the release of gas during burning. Without this burn-off stabilizer, there could be a risk of fluctuations in the reaction speed which can be caused in the course of storage as a result of an uneven compression of the batch, these uneven compressions being caused, for example, by shaking during transport.

Durch die Abstimmung von Menge und Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Anzündhilfe-Masse 85 und der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Brennschicht der Brennblättchen 83, gegebenenfalls unter Anwendung eines Gemisches aus langsam und schnell abbrennenden Blättchen ist es möglich, das Strahlungsloch nach dem Strahlungsblitz des Anzündzerlegersatzes 35 wesentlich zu verkürzen oder gar völlig zu überbrücken, und zwar unabhängig von der Gesamtbrennzeit des Scheinziels. Es kann somit allen eingangs erwähnten Fällen des Objektschutzes Rechnung getragen werden.By coordinating the amount and reaction speed of the ignition aid mass 85 and the reaction speed of the burning layer of the burning discs 83, optionally using a mixture of slowly and rapidly burning discs, it is possible to significantly shorten the radiation hole after the flash of ignition igniter 35, or even completely to bridge, regardless of the total burning time of the dummy target. All cases of property protection mentioned at the beginning can thus be taken into account.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern es sind diesem gegenüber zahlreiche Abwandlungen möglich. So ist beispielsweise die zweite Hülse 84 nicht zwingend erforderlich; die Anzündhilfe-Masse 83 kann auch in den Ringraum zwischen Hülse 75 und Brennblättchenstapel eingefüllt werden. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, die Brennblättchen 83 bis an die Hülse 75 heranreichen und damit den Ringraum wegfallen zu lassen, wobei dann die Blättchen selbst mit der Anzündhilfe-Masse 83 bestäubt sind oder diese als oberste Schicht auf die Blättchen aufgebracht ist. Schließlich ist es auch möglich, eine andere Anzündhilfe-Masse als roten Phosphor zu verwenden, jedoch ist dieser vorzuziehen, weil er üblicherweise auch Bestandteil der Brennschicht der Blättchen 83 ist.Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown, but numerous modifications are possible compared to it. For example, the second sleeve 84 is not absolutely necessary; the ignition aid compound 83 can also be filled into the annular space between the sleeve 75 and the stack of fuel sheets. Another possibility is to extend the fuel discs 83 to the sleeve 75 and thus to drop the annular space, in which case the discs themselves are dusted with the ignition aid compound 83 or this is applied to the discs as the top layer. Finally, it is also possible to use an ignition aid compound other than red phosphorus, but this is preferred because it is usually also part of the burning layer of the leaflets 83.

Claims (10)

1. Projectile for representing a wide-angle infrared emitter which comprises an electrically actuatable contact head (1), a box-shaped propellant container (3) closed by a lid (5) and arranged on the contact head, a self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) connected to the contact head and penetrating the centre of the propellant container, a self-destroying ignition charge (35) housed in the self-destroying ignition sleeve for igniting a combustible propellant (73) arranged round the self-destroying ignition sleeve and for destroying the wall of the propellant container, and combustible leaves (83), having a combustible layer consisting of an incendiary paste, comprising the propellant and in which a rapid-burning material (85) is provided as an ignition aid between the self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) and the combustion layer of the combustible leaves (83).
2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that the combustible leaves (83) have different combustion rates.
3. Projectile according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the priming material (85) is red phosphorus in powder form.
4. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the ignition aid material (85) is sprayed onto the combustible leaves (83) or is applied to them in a layer.
5. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that between the self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) and the combustible leaves (83) a concentric annular chamber extending substantially over the entire length of the self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) is kept free and is filled with the ignition aid material (85).
6. Projectile according to claim 5, characterised in that the self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) is surrounded concentrically by a thin-walled sleeve (84), the intermediate space between the two sleeves (75, 84) being filled with the ignition aid material (85).
7. Projectile according to claim 2, characterised in that at least two groups of combustible leaves (83) are provided, one group being provided with a rapid-reacting combustion layer and the other group with a comparatively slow-buming combustion layer.
8. Projectile according to claim 7, characterised in that the combustion layer of the group of combustible leaves (83) of slow reaction time has an at least partially passivated combustion layer.
9. Projectile according to claim 8, characterised in that in the case of combustible leaves (83) with a red phosphorus base passivation is effected by the addition of aluminium hydroxide.
10. Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the self-destroying ignition sleeve (75) contains a nitro cellulose core (37) as a bum stabiliser.
EP86105294A 1985-04-26 1986-04-16 Projectile for emitting ir radiation Expired - Lifetime EP0204115B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3515166 1985-04-26
DE19853515166 DE3515166A1 (en) 1985-04-26 1985-04-26 THROWING BODY FOR THE DISPLAY OF AN INFRARED SURFACE SPOTLIGHT

Publications (3)

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EP0204115A2 EP0204115A2 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0204115A3 EP0204115A3 (en) 1988-09-21
EP0204115B1 true EP0204115B1 (en) 1990-04-11

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EP86105294A Expired - Lifetime EP0204115B1 (en) 1985-04-26 1986-04-16 Projectile for emitting ir radiation

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US (1) US4624186A (en)
EP (1) EP0204115B1 (en)
AU (1) AU580403B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8601869A (en)
CA (1) CA1263273A (en)
DE (2) DE3515166A1 (en)
DK (1) DK190186A (en)
IN (1) IN170811B (en)
NO (1) NO162434C (en)

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Also Published As

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US4624186A (en) 1986-11-25
CA1263273A (en) 1989-11-28
DK190186A (en) 1986-10-27
AU580403B2 (en) 1989-01-12
NO861646L (en) 1986-10-27
DE3515166C2 (en) 1987-05-27
BR8601869A (en) 1986-12-30
IN170811B (en) 1992-05-23
EP0204115A2 (en) 1986-12-10
NO162434B (en) 1989-09-18
EP0204115A3 (en) 1988-09-21
DE3670366D1 (en) 1990-05-17
DE3515166A1 (en) 1986-10-30
DK190186D0 (en) 1986-04-24
AU5610786A (en) 1986-10-30
NO162434C (en) 1989-12-27

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