EP0198304B1 - Device for fastening screws above the yield point - Google Patents

Device for fastening screws above the yield point Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0198304B1
EP0198304B1 EP86104361A EP86104361A EP0198304B1 EP 0198304 B1 EP0198304 B1 EP 0198304B1 EP 86104361 A EP86104361 A EP 86104361A EP 86104361 A EP86104361 A EP 86104361A EP 0198304 B1 EP0198304 B1 EP 0198304B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
handle
angle
housing
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86104361A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0198304A3 (en
EP0198304A2 (en
Inventor
Klaus Neuhaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stahlwille Eduard Wille GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eduard Wille GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eduard Wille GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eduard Wille GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP86104361A priority Critical patent/EP0198304B1/en
Priority to AT86104361T priority patent/ATE39641T1/en
Publication of EP0198304A2 publication Critical patent/EP0198304A2/en
Publication of EP0198304A3 publication Critical patent/EP0198304A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0198304B1 publication Critical patent/EP0198304B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • a screwing tool is known from DE-A 2 914 287, which describes the closest prior art, the screwing tool having a disk with an angular scale arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the gripping of the tool and a display marking interacting with the angular scale, the disk having the angular scale and the display marking can be rotated relative to one another coaxially to the axis of rotation of the socket and, on the one hand, is rotationally connected to the screwing tool and, on the other hand, is secured on the workpiece to prevent it from rotating.
  • this known screwing tool has the advantage that only a single tool is required to tighten the screw connection beyond the yield point, it is first of all necessary to tighten it up to the stopping point, i.e.
  • the disc must first be set to the desired angle of rotation, and only then can it be tightened further.
  • the tightening process must therefore be interrupted for additional manipulations.
  • the partial angle of rotation reached in each case is read off before the follow-up and the disk is set to the remaining angle of rotation before being moved on. This requires a considerable amount of time, especially when repeated, and can lead to tightening errors.
  • this tool cannot be used for screw connections that are difficult to access and where there is only a small space for tightening, since the angle washer requires a considerable amount of space and, moreover, space is also required to adjust the angle washer by hand to be able to.
  • DE-B 1 603 768 describes a device for tightening screws in such a way that the material flows in the screw shafts.
  • the device contains a tool for tightening the screw and a display device which displays the angle of rotation of the tool.
  • the display device contains an adjusting disk which is designed as a dial with angular degrees.
  • This adjusting disc is adjustably arranged on a support and is held in its respective position relative to the support by permanent magnets.
  • the support is again e.g. held in fixed points by means of a permanent magnet and secured against rotation.
  • a bearing bush is rotatably supported coaxially with the adjusting disc.
  • the bearing bush is non-rotatably connected to the tool.
  • a ring with two pointers is firmly attached to the bearing bush.
  • this known device is as follows: after the device is placed on the screw head, the screw is first tightened to a certain torque using a conventional torque wrench. The adjusting disk is then rotated by hand relative to the support, overcoming the holding force of the permanent magnet, until the zero point of the angular graduation coincides with the pointer. Then the tool with the bush, the ring and the pointer can be rotated by a further angle. This angle can be read directly from the angular degrees.
  • the tightening up to a certain torque and the further tightening by a predetermined angle are separate operations, between which a display device for the angle is manually set to zero.
  • DE-B 2 520 918 describes a device in which a reference mark is fixed by a magnetic needle.
  • a dial is set manually in relation to this magnetic needle.
  • DE-A 2 843 406 relates to a device for the angle-controlled tightening of a screw connection by means of a tool with a rotation angle display.
  • the angle of rotation display shows the angle of rotation compared to a starting position.
  • the tool is a ratchet in which a main part of the tool with a screw or the like. attacking output part is coupled via a freewheel which acts counter to the direction of tightening.
  • the rotation angle display contains an indicator disc which is placed on the driven part of the tool and can be rotated relative to this driven part while overcoming a frictional force.
  • the main part of the tool is provided with a marking which interacts with the indicator disc.
  • the screw is first tightened by means of the ratchet, which is designed in the usual manner as a torque wrench, until a predetermined tightening torque is reached mentes attracted. Then the indicator disc is manually rotated relative to the driven part in a predetermined starting position. In a subsequent work step, tightening is then carried out by a predetermined angle of rotation. In DE-A 2 843 406, this further tightening can be done by repeatedly moving the main part of the tool back and forth.
  • the invention has for its object to tighten the screw connection up to the joining torque, i.e. to the starting point of the angle of rotation measurement, and to enable further tightening beyond the yield point by means of the angle of rotation control in a continuous tightening process.
  • the screw connection is first tightened until a predetermined torque corresponding to the joining torque is reached.
  • the angle indicator remains in its zero position due to the locking device.
  • An adjustment movement, which attempts to adjust the angle indicator from the device for measuring the angle of rotation, is taken up by the slip clutch.
  • the lock is released.
  • the angle indicator is rotated as the suit moves further. The angle indicator thus automatically shows the angle by which the screw connection has been turned even further after the joining torque has been reached.
  • the transmission can also contain a freewheel. In this way, the return movement during the follow-up is not transferred to the rotation angle indicator.
  • the device contains a housing tube 1 of preferably rectangular cross section.
  • an insertion tool 2 can be inserted, which can be designed as a ratchet, square or ring or open-end wrench tool. This results in a large variety of variations.
  • a handle 3 pivotally mounted in the housing tube 1. The pivotable mounting of the handle 3 is carried out by parallel guidance via two pairs of levers from levers 4, 6, so that the levers 4 and 6 of each pair are mounted at the ends in the handle.
  • the levers 4, 6 are articulated on a connecting body 7 which is fastened to the housing tube 1 on the latter.
  • the handle 3 is U-shaped in cross-section and, with the free U-legs 8, comprises the connecting body 7 and the associated end 9 of the housing tube 1.
  • the end 9 also has a U-shaped cross-section.
  • the height of the free vertical U-leg corresponds approximately to half the height of the housing tube 1.
  • the arrangement described allows a parallel movement of the handle 3. This movement is in the starting position by the vertical edge of the housing tube 1 and in the end position by the horizontal edges of the U. - Legs of the housing tube end 9 limited.
  • a bending rod 11, preferably designed as a flat spring, is arranged within the handle 3.
  • the bending rod 11 is fastened at one end to the upper bearing axis 12 of the swivel lever 4 and at the other end in an adjusting slide 13.
  • the adjusting slide 13 is guided in the handle 3 so as to be displaceable perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handle.
  • An adjusting screw 16 runs through a threaded bore 14 of the adjusting slide 13.
  • the adjusting screw 16 lies at one end on a contact surface 17 in the handle 3.
  • the adjusting screw 16 has a hexagon socket.
  • the stop 18 is formed by a screw bolt which is screwed into the connecting body 7. The distance between the screw bolt and the bending rod 11 is adjustable. The stop 18 is preferably located in the region of the center of the bending rod 11 and runs parallel to the direction of displacement according to the Arrow Y. The stop 18 is used to calibrate the torque setting device.
  • the distance of the bending rod 11 from the stop 18 is due to the change in position of the bending rod 11 adjustable by means of the connecting body 7.
  • the resistance becomes smaller because the bending rod 11 is deflected less.
  • the force required to overcome the respective resistance is applied to the handle 3 and generates a torque via the housing tube 1 acting as a force arm in the screw connection to be tightened.
  • a scale 15 for the magnitude of the tightening torque to be applied is attached to the setting slide 13 in the region of an opening 19 (see FIG. 4) in the front end of the handle 3.
  • the desired tightening torque or joining torque can be preset.
  • a rotation angle measuring device is triggered, which is described further below.
  • the trigger mechanism consists of a trigger lever 21 which is pivotally mounted in a bearing block 33 of the connecting body 7.
  • the release lever 21 assumes a position running approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing tube. This position corresponds to the starting position before actuation.
  • a trigger stop 24 is screwed into the handle 3 above the rear end of the trigger lever 21. The distance of the trigger stop 24 from the trigger lever 21 is adjusted in the initial position of the handle so that after the handle reaches the end position, the trigger lever is pivoted into a trigger position. This triggers an angle indicator.
  • the setting slide 13 can also be rigid. Then the adjustment is made exclusively by adjusting the stop 18.
  • the magnitude of the torque in each of the adjustment variants described also essentially depends on the rigidity of the bending rod and the length of the housing tube 1.
  • a device for measuring the angle of rotation includes a head gear 26 which can be rotated about a vertical axis of rotation Z in the front end of the housing tube 1.
  • the vertical axis of rotation Z coincides with the axis of rotation of a screw connection to be tightened, which is not shown.
  • a square 27 can be used coaxially, on which a lever 28 is pivotally and rotatably attached.
  • a magnet 29 is rotatably attached about the axis of the angled end. This magnet 29 is used for the non-positive fixing of the lever arm 28, e.g. on a component that has the screw connection to be tightened.
  • the starting position for the rotation angle measurement is fixed at the same time, since the lever 28 is connected to the head gear 26 in a rotationally fixed manner via the square 27.
  • the rotation of the head gear relative to the housing tube 1 is a measure of the angle of rotation of the screw connection to be tightened.
  • a toothed belt 31 which is in engagement with the head gear 26, the relative rotation of the head gear 26 is transmitted in a ratio of 1: 1 to an angle display device, as described below.
  • the rotation of the head gear 26 about the axis of rotation Z of the screw connection to be tightened can be converted into a rotation about an axis perpendicular thereto, which runs in the longitudinal direction of the housing tube 1, with simple means. This results in an extremely space-saving construction.
  • the toothed belt 31 lies after the looping of the head gear 26 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the gear. Both runs of the toothed belt are then guided via deflection rollers 32 onto a deflection gear 33, the axis of rotation of which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the head gear 26 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing tube 1.
  • the deflection gear 33 and the deflection rollers 32 are mounted on a bearing body 34.
  • the bearing body 34 is guided displaceably in the housing tube 1, specifically against the pressure of a helical spring 35.
  • the connecting rod 36 is rotatably mounted with the deflection gear 33 and the angle indicator 37, but is displaceable in the longitudinal direction and can also compensate for slight inclinations. As a result, offsets and assembly inaccuracies as well as twisting of the housing tube can be compensated and impairments avoided.
  • the connecting rod 36 is formed at its ends as a flat edge which is guided in a slot 38.
  • the slots 38 are formed in extensions 39, 41 of the deflection gear 33 and the shaft 44 of the angle indicator 37. The flat edge ends are held in the slots of the extensions 39, 41 in a rotationally locking manner by compression springs 42.
  • the angle indicator 37 contains a shaft 44 which is mounted in a housing 45 and is secured against displacement on both sides of the bearing bore and which is coupled to the connecting rod 36 at the outer shaft end and thereby follows every rotary movement of the head gear 26.
  • a freewheel 46 in the form of a needle freewheel is mounted on the inner shaft end.
  • the freewheel 46 is pressed into a drive bush 47 enclosing this with its housing.
  • the freewheel 46 locks in the direction of rotation of the shaft 44 according to the arrow I.
  • the drive bush 47 is made of steel and adheres with its end face provided with a circumferential shoulder 48 to the inside of a disc-shaped double-acting permanent magnet 49.
  • the permanent magnet 49 is the bottom in the Scale drum 43 inserted and firmly connected to this.
  • the scale drum encloses the drive bushing 47 and is guided radially by its shoulder 48.
  • the permanent magnet 49 and the scale drum 43 are entrained as a result of the magnetic force and the frictional force that occurs.
  • a reset disk 52 is mounted in the housing 45 so that it cannot move by means of a one-piece bearing projection 53.
  • the permanent magnet 49 adheres with its outside to the end face of the reset disk 52. This end face is smaller than the end face of the drive bush 47. This results in a lower driving friction force caused by the magnetic force.
  • An attachment disk 58 is fastened on a pin of the reset disk 52 which projects out of the housing 45 to the rear.
  • the attachment disc By means of a compression spring 59 which is arranged all around in the attachment disc, the spring force of which acts in the direction of rotation 111 and is greater than the entraining friction force counteracting rotation, the attachment disc is held together with the reset disc against a fixed stop of the housing 45.
  • a rotary movement of the reset disk 52 of approximately 60 ° against the resistance of the compression spring 59 can be initiated by hand via an actuating pin 57 which is fixed radially in the attachment disk and projects through an opening in the housing tube 1.
  • the scale drum 51 In the area of the reset disk 52, the scale drum 51 has a cylindrical extension 54.
  • a locking lug 56 is formed, which cooperates with the release lever 21 of the torque device.
  • the locking lug 56 of the scale drum 43 rests against its tip, so that rotation of the scale drum 43 and the permanent magnet 49 in the direction of rotation 1 is blocked. If the shaft 44 is now rotated during the tightening process due to the rotation of the head gear 26 in the direction of arrow I, the drive bushing 47 is taken along due to the freewheel lock of the freewheel 46 while overcoming the frictional force between the drive bushing 47 and the permanent magnet 49 locked with the scale drum 43. Now triggers the torque-responsive device by lifting the release lever 21 over the locking lug, the locking lug 56 is released and thereby the scale drum 43 is released with the permanent magnet 49.
  • the scale drum 43 remains in the position reached, so that the individual angular steps on the scale drum are added. This is possible due to the fact that when the shaft 44 rotates backward in the direction II due to the now effective freewheel 46, there is no entrainment of the drive bushing 47 and the scale drum 43 remains fixed to the permanent magnet 49 by the adhesive connection of both the drive bushing 47 and the fixed reset disk 52 . After the tightening process and release of the handle 3, the release lever 21 returns to its starting position and is ready to lock.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be made very compact, so that it can be used without difficulty even in places which are difficult to access. It can also be used to carry out the tightening process that exceeds the yield point by means of rotation angle control in one tightening process without stopping or stopping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for tightening of a threaded connection, so as to exceed the yield point thereof, about an axis (Z) by means of combined torque and rotary angle control, comprising (a) a tubular housing (1) having a handle (3) at one end, (b) a head piece arranged at the other end of the tubular housing (1) and adapted to be coupled to the threaded connection, (c) a torque-responsive device, which responds to the torque exerted through the handle (3) and the housing (1) on the head piece and the threaded connection when this torque exceeds a predetermined value, and (d) a device for measuring the rotary angle when tightening the threaded connection, which device has an angle indicator, which indicates a predetermined value when the predetermined torque is reached, characterized in that (e) the device for measuring the rotary angle is adapted to drive the angle indicator (37) through a sliding clutch (47, 49), (f) a locking device (21, 56) is arranged to stop the angle indicator (37) in said predetermined value of the rotary angle, and (g) the locking device (21, 56) is automatically releasable when the device (11, 18, 24) responding to torque responds.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum streckgrenzüberschreitenden Anziehen einer Schraubenverbindung um eine Achse mittels kombinierter Drehmoment- und Drehwinkelsteuerung enthaltend

  • (a) ein rohrförmiges Gehäuse mit einem Griff an einem Ende,
  • (b) ein an dem anderen Ende des rohrförmigen Gehäuses angeordnetes Kopfstück, das mit der Schraubverbindung kuppelbar ist,
  • (c) eine auf Drehmoment ansprechende Einrichtung, die auf das über den Griff und das Gehäuse auf das Kopfstück und die Schraubverbindung ausgeübte Drehmoment anspricht, wenn dieses Drehmoment einen vorgegebenen Wert überschreitet, und
  • (d) eine Einrichtung zur Messung des Drehwinkels beim Anziehen der Schraubverbindung mit einem Winkelanzeiger, der bei Erreichen des vorgegebenen Drehmoments auf einem vorgegebenen Wert steht.
The invention relates to an apparatus for tightening a screw connection beyond an elastic limit about an axis by means of combined torque and rotation angle control
  • (a) a tubular housing with a handle at one end,
  • (b) a head piece which is arranged at the other end of the tubular housing and can be coupled to the screw connection,
  • (c) a torque responsive device responsive to the torque exerted on the handle and the housing on the headpiece and the screw connection when this torque exceeds a predetermined value, and
  • (d) a device for measuring the angle of rotation when tightening the screw connection with an angle indicator which is at a predetermined value when the predetermined torque is reached.

Aus der den nächstkommenden Stand der Technik beschreibenden DE-A 2 914 287 ist ein Schraubwerkzeug bekannt, wobei das Schraubwerkzeug eine Scheibe mit einer gleichachsig zur Drehachse der Anfassung des Werkzeuges angeordneten Winkelskala und einer mit der Winkelskala zusammenwirkenden Anzeigemarkierung aufweist, wobei die die Winkelskala aufweisende Scheibe und die Anzeigemarkierung gleichachsig zur Drehachse der Anfassung gegeneinander verdrehbar und einerseits drehschlüssig mit dem Schraubwerkzeug verbunden und andererseits gegen Mitdrehen gesichert am Werkstück gehaltert sind. Dieses bekannte Schraubwerkzeug besitzt zwar den Vorteil, daß nur ein einziges Werkzeug zum Anziehen der Schraubverbindung über die Streckgrenze hinaus erforderlich ist, jedoch ist zunächst ein Anziehen nur bis zum Haltepunkt, d.h. bis zum Erreichen des Fügedrehmomentes möglich. Danach muss zunächst die Scheibe auf den gewünschten Drehwinkel eingestellt werden, und danach kann erst das weitere Anziehen erfolgen. Somit muss der Anziehvorgang für zusätzliche Manipulationen unterbrochen werden. Desgleichen muss beim Nachfassen während des Anziehvorganges, wie es aus Platzgründen oder wegen der Arbeitshaltung des Bedienenden notwendig sein kann und weshalb z.B. eine Knarre vorgesehen ist, der jeweils erreichte Teil-Drehwinkel vor dem Nachfassen abgelesen und die Scheibe vor dem Weiterziehen auf den Rest-Drehwinkel eingestellt werden. Dies erfordert besonders bei mehrmaligem Nachfassen einen erheblichen Zeitaufwand und kann zu Anziehfehlern führen. Darüber hinaus ist das Einstellen der Winkelscheibe an schwer zugänglichen Stellen schwierig und ebenfalls das Ablesen derselben. Darüber hinaus kann dieses Werkzeug nicht bei Schraubverbindungen eingesetzt werden, die schwer zugänglich sind und wo nur ein geringer Raum zum Anziehen vorhanden ist, da die Winkelscheibe einen erheblichen Platz erfordert und darüber hinaus auch noch Raum erforderlich ist, um mit der Hand jeweils die Winkelscheibe einstellen zu können.A screwing tool is known from DE-A 2 914 287, which describes the closest prior art, the screwing tool having a disk with an angular scale arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation of the gripping of the tool and a display marking interacting with the angular scale, the disk having the angular scale and the display marking can be rotated relative to one another coaxially to the axis of rotation of the socket and, on the one hand, is rotationally connected to the screwing tool and, on the other hand, is secured on the workpiece to prevent it from rotating. Although this known screwing tool has the advantage that only a single tool is required to tighten the screw connection beyond the yield point, it is first of all necessary to tighten it up to the stopping point, i.e. possible until the joining torque is reached. After this, the disc must first be set to the desired angle of rotation, and only then can it be tightened further. The tightening process must therefore be interrupted for additional manipulations. Likewise, when following up during the tightening process, as may be necessary for reasons of space or because of the working posture of the operator and why e.g. a ratchet is provided, the partial angle of rotation reached in each case is read off before the follow-up and the disk is set to the remaining angle of rotation before being moved on. This requires a considerable amount of time, especially when repeated, and can lead to tightening errors. In addition, it is difficult to adjust the angle disc in hard-to-reach places and also to read it. In addition, this tool cannot be used for screw connections that are difficult to access and where there is only a small space for tightening, since the angle washer requires a considerable amount of space and, moreover, space is also required to adjust the angle washer by hand to be able to.

Die DE-B 1 603 768 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zum Anziehen von Schrauben derart, daß in den Schraubenschäften ein Fließen des Werkstoffes auftritt. Die Vorrichtung enthält ein Werkzeug zum Anziehen der Schraube und eine Anzeigevorrichtung, welche den Verdrehwinkel des Werkzeuges anzeigt. Die Anzeigevorrichtung enthält eine Stellscheibe, die als Skalenscheibe mit Winkelgradeinteilung ausgebildet ist. Diese Stellscheibe ist auf einer Abstützung einstellbar angeordnet und in ihrer jeweiligen Stellung relativ zu der Abstützung durch Permanentmagnete gehalten. Die Abstützung ist wiederum z.B. mittels eines Permanentmagneten in Festpunkten gehalten und gegen Verdrehung gesichert. Gleichachsig zu der Stellscheibe ist eine Lagerbüchse drehbar gelagert. Die Lagerbüchse ist drehfest mit dem Werkzeug verbunden. Mit der Lagerbüchse ist ein Ring fest angebracht, der über der Stellscheibe zwei Zeiger aufweist.DE-B 1 603 768 describes a device for tightening screws in such a way that the material flows in the screw shafts. The device contains a tool for tightening the screw and a display device which displays the angle of rotation of the tool. The display device contains an adjusting disk which is designed as a dial with angular degrees. This adjusting disc is adjustably arranged on a support and is held in its respective position relative to the support by permanent magnets. The support is again e.g. held in fixed points by means of a permanent magnet and secured against rotation. A bearing bush is rotatably supported coaxially with the adjusting disc. The bearing bush is non-rotatably connected to the tool. A ring with two pointers is firmly attached to the bearing bush.

Die Wirkungsweise dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist folgende: Nach dem Aufsetzen der Vorrichtung auf den Schraubenkopf wird die Schraube zunächst mittels eines üblichen Drehmomentschlüssels bis zu einem bestimmten Drehmoment vorangezogen. Anschließend wird die Stellscheibe unter Überwindung der Haltekraft des Permanentmagneten von Hand relativ zu der Abstützung verdreht, bis der Nullpunkt der Winkelgradeinteilung sich mit dem Zeiger deckt. Dann kann das Werkzeug mit der Buchse, dem Ring und dem Zeiger um einen weiteren Winkel verdreht werden. Dieser Winkel kann an der Winkelgradeinteilung unmittelbar abgelesen werden.The operation of this known device is as follows: after the device is placed on the screw head, the screw is first tightened to a certain torque using a conventional torque wrench. The adjusting disk is then rotated by hand relative to the support, overcoming the holding force of the permanent magnet, until the zero point of the angular graduation coincides with the pointer. Then the tool with the bush, the ring and the pointer can be rotated by a further angle. This angle can be read directly from the angular degrees.

Auch hier sind das Anziehen bis zu einem bestimmten Drehmoment und das weitere Anziehen um einen vorgegebenen Winkel getrennte Arbeitsgänge, zwischen denen eine Anzeigevorrichtung für den Winkel manuell auf null gestellt wird.Here, too, the tightening up to a certain torque and the further tightening by a predetermined angle are separate operations, between which a display device for the angle is manually set to zero.

Die DE-B 2 520 918 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung, bei welcher eine Referenzmarke durch eine Magnetnadel festgelegt wird. Auch hier wird eine Skalenscheibe manuell gegenüber dieser Magnetnadel eingestellt.DE-B 2 520 918 describes a device in which a reference mark is fixed by a magnetic needle. Here too, a dial is set manually in relation to this magnetic needle.

Die DE-A 2 843 406 betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum drehwinkelgesteuerten Anziehen einer Schraubverbindung mittels eines Werkzeuges mit einer Drehwinkelanzeige. Die Drehwinkelanzeige zeigt den Verdrehwinkel gegenüber einer Ausgangslage an. Das Werkzeug ist dabei eine Knarre, bei welcher ein Werkzeughauptteil mit einem an der Schraube o.dgl. angreifenden Abtriebsteil über einen gegenläufig zur Anzugsrichtung wirksamen Freilauf gekuppelt ist. Die Drehwinkelanzeige enthält eine Anzeigescheibe, welche auf den Abtriebsteil des Werkzeuges aufgesetzt und gegenüber diesem Abtriebsteil unter Überwindung einer Reibkraft verdrehbar ist. Der Werkzeughauptteil ist mit einer mit der Anzeigescheibe zusammenwirkenden Markierung versehen.DE-A 2 843 406 relates to a device for the angle-controlled tightening of a screw connection by means of a tool with a rotation angle display. The angle of rotation display shows the angle of rotation compared to a starting position. The tool is a ratchet in which a main part of the tool with a screw or the like. attacking output part is coupled via a freewheel which acts counter to the direction of tightening. The rotation angle display contains an indicator disc which is placed on the driven part of the tool and can be rotated relative to this driven part while overcoming a frictional force. The main part of the tool is provided with a marking which interacts with the indicator disc.

Auch bei dieser bekannten Anordnung wird die Schraube zunächst mittels der in üblicher Weise als Drehmomentschlüssel ausgebildeten Knarre bis zum Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Anzugsdrehmomentes angezogen. Dann wird die Anzeigescheibe manuell gegenüber dem Abtriebsteil in eine vorgegebene Ausgangsstellung verdreht. In einem anschliessenden Arbeitsgang erfolgt dann ein weiteres Anziehen um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel. Dieses weitere Anziehen kann bei der DE-A 2 843 406 durch mehrfache Hin- und Herbewegung des Werkzeughauptteils erfolgen.In this known arrangement, too, the screw is first tightened by means of the ratchet, which is designed in the usual manner as a torque wrench, until a predetermined tightening torque is reached mentes attracted. Then the indicator disc is manually rotated relative to the driven part in a predetermined starting position. In a subsequent work step, tightening is then carried out by a predetermined angle of rotation. In DE-A 2 843 406, this further tightening can be done by repeatedly moving the main part of the tool back and forth.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Anziehen der Schraubverbindung bis zum Fügedrehmoment, d.h. bis zum Anfangspunkt der Drehwinkelmessung, und das weitere, die Streckgrenze überschreitende Anziehen mittels der Drehwinkelsteuerung in einem kontinuierlichen Anziehprozess zu ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to tighten the screw connection up to the joining torque, i.e. to the starting point of the angle of rotation measurement, and to enable further tightening beyond the yield point by means of the angle of rotation control in a continuous tightening process.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs definierten Art dadurch gelöst, dass

  • (e) der Winkelanzeiger durch die Einrichtung zur Messung des Drehwinkels über eine Rutschkupplung antreibbar ist,
  • (f) der Winkelanzeiger durch eine Arretiervorrichtung in dem besagten vorgegebenen Wert des Drehwinkels arretierbar ist und
  • (g) die Arretiervorrichtung bei Ansprechen der auf Drehmoment ansprechenden Einrichtung automatisch auslösbar ist.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a device of the type defined in the introduction in that
  • (e) the angle indicator can be driven by the device for measuring the angle of rotation via a slip clutch,
  • (f) the angle indicator can be locked in the said predetermined value of the angle of rotation by a locking device and
  • (g) the locking device can be triggered automatically when the device responding to torque is activated.

Es erfolgt so zunächst ein Anziehen der Schraubverbindung, bis ein vorgegebenes, dem Fügemoment entsprechendes Drehmoment erreicht wird. Der Winkelanzeiger bleibt dabei durch die Arretiervorrichtung in seiner Nullstellung. Eine Stellbewegung, welche von der Einrichtung zur Messung des Drehwinkels her den Winkelanzeiger zu verstellen sucht, wird von der Rutschkupplung aufgenommen. Wenn das Fügemoment erreicht ist, wird die Arretierung gelöst. Dadurch wird der Winkelanzeiger bei weiterer Anzugbewegung verdreht. Der Winkelanzeiger zeigt somit automatisch den Winkel an, um welchen die Schraubverbindung nach Erreichen des Fügemoments noch weiter verdreht worden ist.In this way, the screw connection is first tightened until a predetermined torque corresponding to the joining torque is reached. The angle indicator remains in its zero position due to the locking device. An adjustment movement, which attempts to adjust the angle indicator from the device for measuring the angle of rotation, is taken up by the slip clutch. When the joining torque is reached, the lock is released. As a result, the angle indicator is rotated as the suit moves further. The angle indicator thus automatically shows the angle by which the screw connection has been turned even further after the joining torque has been reached.

Um sicherzustellen, daß ein mehrmaliges Nachfassen beim Anziehen keinen Einfluß auf die Anzeige des tatsächlichen Drehwinkels ausübt, kann das Getriebe weiterhin einen Freilauf enthalten. Auf diese Weise wird die Rückbewegung beim Nachfassen nicht auf den Drehwinkelanzeiger übertragen. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.In order to ensure that a repeated follow-up when tightening has no influence on the display of the actual angle of rotation, the transmission can also contain a freewheel. In this way, the return movement during the follow-up is not transferred to the rotation angle indicator. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

Anhand des in den beiliegenden Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Erfindung nun näher erläutert.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht des vorderen Bereiches einer Vorrichtung zum streckgrenzüberschreitenden Anziehen einer Schraubverbindung und eines Einsteckwerkzeuges, zum Teil geschnitten,
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht des Griffbereiches der Vorrichtung, zum Teil geschnitten,
  • Fig. 3 eine Ansicht des Griffbereichs gemäß Fig. 2, zum Teil geschnitten, in einer um 90' gedrehten Stellung zu Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 eine Ansicht gemäß Pfeil IV in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch einen Winkelanzeiger in vergrößerter Darstellung.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a view of the front area of a device for tightening a screw connection and a plug-in tool beyond the limit, partly in section,
  • 2 is a view of the handle area of the device, partly in section,
  • 3 shows a view of the grip area according to FIG. 2, partly in section, in a position rotated by 90 'to FIG. 2,
  • 4 is a view according to arrow IV in FIG. 3,
  • Fig. 5 shows a section through an angle indicator in an enlarged view.

Zunächst wird anhand der Figuren der Teil der Vorrichtung beschrieben, der das drehmomentabhängige Anziehen der Schraubverbindung bis zum jeweiligen Fügepunkt ermöglicht. Die Vorrichtung enthält ein Gehäuserohr 1 von vorzugsweise rechteckigem Querschnitt. In das eine Ende des Gehäuserohrs 1 ist ein Einsteckwerkzeug 2 einsteckbar, das als Knarre, Vierkant oder Ring- oder Maulschlüsselwerkzeug ausgebildet sein kann. Damit ergibt sich eine große Variationsvielfalt. Am anderen Ende befindet sich ein im Gehäuserohr 1 schwenkbar gelagerter Griff 3. Die schwenkbare Lagerung des Griffs 3 erfolgt durch Parallelführung über zwei Hebelpaare aus Hebeln 4, 6, so daß im Griff die Hebel 4 bzw. 6 jedes Paares endseitig gelagert sind. Mit den anderen Enden sind die Hebel 4, 6 an einem Verbindungskörper 7 angelenkt, der innerhalb des Gehäuserohrs 1 an diesem befestigt ist. Der Griff 3 ist im Querschnitt U-förmig ausgebildet und umfaßt mit den freien U-Schenkeln 8 den Verbindungskörper 7 sowie das zugeordnete Ende 9 des Gehäuserohrs 1. Das Ende 9 besitzt ebenfalls einen U-förmigen Querschnitt. Die Höhe der freien senkrechten U-Schenkel entspricht etwa der halben Höhe des Gehäuserohrs 1. Die beschriebene Anordnung erlaubt eine Parallelbewegung des Griffes 3. Diese Bewegung ist in der Ausgangsstellung durch die senkrechte Kante des Gehäuserohres 1 und in der Endstellung durch die waagerechten Kanten der U-Schenkel des Gehäuserohrendes 9 begrenzt. Innerhalb des Griffes 3 ist ein vorzugsweise als Flachfeder ausgebildeter Biegestab 11 angeordnet. Der Biegestab 11 ist mit einem Ende an der oberen Lagerachse 12 der Schwenkhebel 4 und mit dem anderen Ende in einem Einstellschieber 13 befestigt. Der Einstellschieber 13 ist im Griff 3 senkrecht zur Grifflängsachse verschiebbar geführt. Durch eine Gewindebohrung 14 des Einstellschiebers 13 verläuft eine Einstellschraube 16. Die Einstellschraube 16 liegt mit einem Ende an einer Anlagefläche 17 im Griff 3. Am gegenüberliegenden Ende weist die Einstellschraube 16 einen Innensechskant auf. Durch Verdrehen der Einstellschraube 16 erfolgt eine Verschiebung des Einstellschiebers 13 und damit eine entsprechende Verlagerung des im Einstellschieber 13 gelagerten Endes des Biegestabes 11. Diese Verschiebung ist durch den Doppelpfeil Y angezeigt. Beim Anziehen der Schraubverbindung wird der Biegestab 11 zusammen mit dem Griff 3 verschwenkt, bis der Griff in Endstellung an den U-Schenkeln des Gehäuserohrendes 9 anliegt. Im Verlauf dieser Schwenkbewegung kommt der Biegestab 11 an einem Anschlag 18 zur Anlage. Danach läßt sich der Griff 3 nur noch gegen den Widerstand des Biegestabes bis zur Endstellung verschwenken. Der Anschlag 18 wird von einem Schraubbolzen gebildet, der in dem Verbindungskörper 7 eingeschraubt ist. Der Abstand des Schraubbolzens von dem Biegestab 11 ist einstellbar. Vorzugsweise befindet sich der Anschlag 18 im Bereich der Mitte des Biegestabs 11 und verläuft parallel zur Verschieberichtung gemäß dem Pfeil Y. Mittels des Anschlags 18 erfolgt die Eichung der Drehmomenteinstelleinrichtung. Dabei ergibt sich nach der Eichung folgende Abhängigkeit: Je größer der Abstand des Biegestabes 11 von dem Anschlag 18 ist, desto kleiner ist der zu überwindende Widerstand bis zur Endstellung des Griffes 3. Der Abstand des Biegestabes 11 vom Anschlag 18 ist durch die Lageveränderung des Biegestabes 11 mittels des Verbindungskörpers 7 einstellbar. Bei Vergrößerung des besagten Abstandes wird der Widerstand kleiner, weil der Biegestab 11 weniger durchgebogen wird. Dabei gilt weiterhin, daß, je kleiner der Abstand des Biegestabes 11 vom Anschlag 18 ist, desto größer der zu überwindende Widerstand wird, da eine große Durchbiegung des Biegestabes erfolgt. Die zur Überwindung des jeweiligen Widerstandes notwendige Kraft wird am Griff 3 aufgebracht und erzeugt über das als Kraftarm wirkende Gehäuserohr 1 in der anzuziehenden Schraubverbindung ein Drehmoment. Auf dem Einstellschieber 13 ist eine Skala 15 für die Größe des aufzubringenden Anzugsdrehmoments im Bereich einer Öffnung 19 (siehe Fig. 4) im Stirnende des Griffs 3 angebracht. Dadurch kann das jeweils gewünschte Anzugsdrehmoment bzw. Fügedrehmoment voreingestellt werden. Beim Erreichen dieses voreingestellten Anzugsdrehmoments in Endstellung des Griffes 3 erfolgt die Auslösung einer Drehwinkelmeßvorrichtung, die weiter unten beschrieben wird. Durch eine im Verbindungskörper 7 gelagerte Druckfeder 25, die an dem Biegestab anliegt, erfolgt die Rückstellung des Griffes 3 in seine Ausgangsstellung, wenn der Griff 3 losgelassen wird. Der Auslösemechanismus besteht aus einem Auslösehebel 21, der in einem Lagerbock 33 des Verbindungskörpers 7 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Gegen das hintere Hebelende drückt von unten eine Druckfeder 23, die zwischen dem Hebelende und dem Verbindungskörper 7 angeordnet ist. Dadurch nimmt der Auslösehebel 21 etwa eine parallel zur Längsachse des Gehäuserohres verlaufende Stellung ein. Diese Stellung entspricht der Ausgangsstellung vor der Betätigung. Oberhalb des hinteren Endes des Auslösehebels 21 ist im Griff 3 ein Auslöseanschlag 24 eingeschraubt. Der Abstand des Auslöseanschlags 24 vom Auslösehebel 21 ist in Ausgangsstellung des Griffes so justiert, daß nach Erreichen der Endstellung des Griffes hierdurch der Auslösehebel bis in eine Auslösestellung geschwenkt wird. Hierdurch wird ein Winkelanzeiger ausgelöst.The part of the device which enables the screw connection to be tightened as a function of the torque as far as the respective joining point is first described using the figures. The device contains a housing tube 1 of preferably rectangular cross section. In one end of the housing tube 1, an insertion tool 2 can be inserted, which can be designed as a ratchet, square or ring or open-end wrench tool. This results in a large variety of variations. At the other end there is a handle 3 pivotally mounted in the housing tube 1. The pivotable mounting of the handle 3 is carried out by parallel guidance via two pairs of levers from levers 4, 6, so that the levers 4 and 6 of each pair are mounted at the ends in the handle. With the other ends, the levers 4, 6 are articulated on a connecting body 7 which is fastened to the housing tube 1 on the latter. The handle 3 is U-shaped in cross-section and, with the free U-legs 8, comprises the connecting body 7 and the associated end 9 of the housing tube 1. The end 9 also has a U-shaped cross-section. The height of the free vertical U-leg corresponds approximately to half the height of the housing tube 1. The arrangement described allows a parallel movement of the handle 3. This movement is in the starting position by the vertical edge of the housing tube 1 and in the end position by the horizontal edges of the U. - Legs of the housing tube end 9 limited. A bending rod 11, preferably designed as a flat spring, is arranged within the handle 3. The bending rod 11 is fastened at one end to the upper bearing axis 12 of the swivel lever 4 and at the other end in an adjusting slide 13. The adjusting slide 13 is guided in the handle 3 so as to be displaceable perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handle. An adjusting screw 16 runs through a threaded bore 14 of the adjusting slide 13. The adjusting screw 16 lies at one end on a contact surface 17 in the handle 3. At the opposite end, the adjusting screw 16 has a hexagon socket. By turning the adjusting screw 16 there is a displacement of the adjusting slide 13 and thus a corresponding displacement of the end of the bending rod 11 mounted in the adjusting slide 13. This displacement is indicated by the double arrow Y. When tightening the screw connection, the bending rod 11 is pivoted together with the handle 3 until the handle abuts the U-legs of the housing tube end 9 in the end position. In the course of this pivoting movement, the bending rod 11 comes to rest against a stop 18. Then the handle 3 can only be pivoted against the resistance of the bending rod to the end position. The stop 18 is formed by a screw bolt which is screwed into the connecting body 7. The distance between the screw bolt and the bending rod 11 is adjustable. The stop 18 is preferably located in the region of the center of the bending rod 11 and runs parallel to the direction of displacement according to the Arrow Y. The stop 18 is used to calibrate the torque setting device. After calibration, the following dependency results: the greater the distance of the bending rod 11 from the stop 18, the smaller the resistance to be overcome up to the end position of the handle 3. The distance of the bending rod 11 from the stop 18 is due to the change in position of the bending rod 11 adjustable by means of the connecting body 7. When the said distance is increased, the resistance becomes smaller because the bending rod 11 is deflected less. It also applies that the smaller the distance of the bending rod 11 from the stop 18, the greater the resistance to be overcome, since there is a large deflection of the bending rod. The force required to overcome the respective resistance is applied to the handle 3 and generates a torque via the housing tube 1 acting as a force arm in the screw connection to be tightened. A scale 15 for the magnitude of the tightening torque to be applied is attached to the setting slide 13 in the region of an opening 19 (see FIG. 4) in the front end of the handle 3. In this way, the desired tightening torque or joining torque can be preset. When this preset tightening torque is reached in the end position of the handle 3, a rotation angle measuring device is triggered, which is described further below. By means of a compression spring 25 mounted in the connecting body 7, which rests on the bending rod, the handle 3 is reset to its starting position when the handle 3 is released. The trigger mechanism consists of a trigger lever 21 which is pivotally mounted in a bearing block 33 of the connecting body 7. A compression spring 23, which is arranged between the lever end and the connecting body 7, presses against the rear lever end from below. As a result, the release lever 21 assumes a position running approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing tube. This position corresponds to the starting position before actuation. A trigger stop 24 is screwed into the handle 3 above the rear end of the trigger lever 21. The distance of the trigger stop 24 from the trigger lever 21 is adjusted in the initial position of the handle so that after the handle reaches the end position, the trigger lever is pivoted into a trigger position. This triggers an angle indicator.

Der Einstellschieber 13 kann auch starr ausgebildet sein. Dann erfolgt die Einstellung ausschließlich durch Verstellung des Anschlages 18. Die Größe des Drehmoments hängt bei jeder der beschriebenen Einstellvarianten im wesentlichen auch von der Steifigkeit des Biegestabes und der Länge des Gehäuserohres 1 ab.The setting slide 13 can also be rigid. Then the adjustment is made exclusively by adjusting the stop 18. The magnitude of the torque in each of the adjustment variants described also essentially depends on the rigidity of the bending rod and the length of the housing tube 1.

Eine Einrichtung zur Messung des Drehwinkels enthält ein im vorderen Ende des Gehäuserohres 1 um eine vertikale Drehachse Z drehbares Kopfzahnrad 26. Die vertikale Drehachse Z stimmt mit der Drehachse einer anzuziehenden Schraubverbindung, die nicht dargestellt ist, überein. In das Kopfzahnrad 26 ist ein Vierkant 27 gleichachsig einsetzbar, an dem ein Hebel 28 schwenk- und drehbar befestigt ist. An einem abgewinkelten Ende des Hebels 28 ist ein Magnet 29 um die Achse des abgewinkelten Endes drehbar befestigt. Dieser Magnet 29 dient zur kraftschlüssigen Festlegung des Hebelarms 28, z.B. an einem Bauteil, das die anzuziehende Schraubverbindung aufweist. Statt der kraftschlüssigen Verbindung kann auch eine formschlüssige Verbindung vorhanden sein. Dadurch wird gleichzeitig die Ausgangsstellung für die Drehwinkelmessung fixiert, da der Hebel 28 über den Vierkant 27 drehfest mit dem Kopfzahnrad 26 verbunden ist. Bei Verschwenkung des Gehäuserohres 1 um die Drehachse Z, die ebenfalls die Mittel- und Drehachse des Einsteckwerkzeuges 2 bildet, ist somit die Drehung des Kopfzahnrades relativ zum Gehäuserohr 1 ein Maß für den Drehwinkel der Verdrehung der anzuziehenden Schraubverbindung. Mittels eines Zahnriemens 31, der mit dem Kopfzahnrad 26 im Eingriff ist, wird die relative Drehung des Kopfzahnrades 26 im Verhältnis 1:1 auf eine Winkelanzeigevorrichtung übertragen, wie nachfolgend beschrieben. Durch die Verwendung des Zahnriemens 31 kann mit einfachen Mitteln die Drehung des Kopfzahnrades 26 um die Drehachse Z der anzuziehenden Schraubverbindung in eine Drehung um hierzu senkrechte Achse umgesetzt werden, die in Längsrichtung des Gehäuserohres 1 verläuft. Dabei ergibt sich eine äußerst raumsparende Konstruktion. Der Zahnriemen 31 liegt nach der Umschlingung des Kopfzahnrades 26 in einer zur Drehachse des Zahnrades senkrechten Ebene. Beide Trumme des Zahnriemens werden dann über Umlenkrollen 32 auf ein Umlenkzahnrad 33 geführt, dessen Drehachse senkrecht zur Drehachse des Kopfzahnrades 26 in Richtung der Längsachse des Gehäuserohres 1 verläuft. Das Umlenkzahnrad 33 und die Umlenkrollen 32 sind an einem Lagerkörper 34 gelagert. Der Lagerkörper 34 ist im Gehäuserohr 1 verschiebbar geführt, und zwar gegen den Druck einer Schraubenfeder 35. Dadurch ist der Zahnriemen stets gleichmäßig gespannt. Über eine Verbindungsstange 36 wird jede Drehbewegung des Kopfzahnrades nun auf die Welle 44 eines Winkelanzeigers 37 übertragen. Die Verbindungsstange 36 ist mit dem Umlenkzahnrad 33 und dem Winkelanzeiger 37 jeweils drehschlüssig, jedoch in Längsrichtung verschiebbar gelagert und kann auch geringe Schrägstellungen ausgleichen. Dadurch können Versätze und Montageungenauigkeiten wie auch Verwindungen des Gehäuserohres .ausgeglichen und somit Beeinträchtigungen vermieden werden. Die Verbindungsstange 36 ist an ihren Enden als Flachkant ausgebildet, der in einem Schlitz 38 geführt ist. Die Schlitze 38 sind in Fortsätzen 39, 41 des Umlenkzahnrades 33 bzw. der Welle 44 des Winkelanzeigers 37 gebildet. Die Flachkant-Enden sind in den Schlitzen der Fortsätze 39, 41 durch Druckfedern 42 drehschlüssig gehalten.A device for measuring the angle of rotation includes a head gear 26 which can be rotated about a vertical axis of rotation Z in the front end of the housing tube 1. The vertical axis of rotation Z coincides with the axis of rotation of a screw connection to be tightened, which is not shown. In the head gear 26 a square 27 can be used coaxially, on which a lever 28 is pivotally and rotatably attached. At an angled end of the lever 28, a magnet 29 is rotatably attached about the axis of the angled end. This magnet 29 is used for the non-positive fixing of the lever arm 28, e.g. on a component that has the screw connection to be tightened. Instead of the positive connection, there can also be a positive connection. As a result, the starting position for the rotation angle measurement is fixed at the same time, since the lever 28 is connected to the head gear 26 in a rotationally fixed manner via the square 27. When pivoting the housing tube 1 about the axis of rotation Z, which also forms the center and axis of rotation of the insertion tool 2, the rotation of the head gear relative to the housing tube 1 is a measure of the angle of rotation of the screw connection to be tightened. By means of a toothed belt 31, which is in engagement with the head gear 26, the relative rotation of the head gear 26 is transmitted in a ratio of 1: 1 to an angle display device, as described below. By using the toothed belt 31, the rotation of the head gear 26 about the axis of rotation Z of the screw connection to be tightened can be converted into a rotation about an axis perpendicular thereto, which runs in the longitudinal direction of the housing tube 1, with simple means. This results in an extremely space-saving construction. The toothed belt 31 lies after the looping of the head gear 26 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the gear. Both runs of the toothed belt are then guided via deflection rollers 32 onto a deflection gear 33, the axis of rotation of which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the head gear 26 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the housing tube 1. The deflection gear 33 and the deflection rollers 32 are mounted on a bearing body 34. The bearing body 34 is guided displaceably in the housing tube 1, specifically against the pressure of a helical spring 35. As a result, the toothed belt is always tensioned uniformly. Each rotary movement of the head gear is now transmitted to the shaft 44 of an angle indicator 37 via a connecting rod 36. The connecting rod 36 is rotatably mounted with the deflection gear 33 and the angle indicator 37, but is displaceable in the longitudinal direction and can also compensate for slight inclinations. As a result, offsets and assembly inaccuracies as well as twisting of the housing tube can be compensated and impairments avoided. The connecting rod 36 is formed at its ends as a flat edge which is guided in a slot 38. The slots 38 are formed in extensions 39, 41 of the deflection gear 33 and the shaft 44 of the angle indicator 37. The flat edge ends are held in the slots of the extensions 39, 41 in a rotationally locking manner by compression springs 42.

Der Winkelanzeiger 37 erfüllt folgende Forderungen:

  • 1. Sperrbarkeit einer Skalentrommel 43 in Nullstellung, z.B. mittels Auslösehebel 21 bei Verschwenkung des Gehäuserohres in Anziehrichtung und entsprechender Drehung des Kopfzahnrades 26;
  • 2. sofortige Mitnahme und Drehung der Skalentrommel nach Auslösung bei Überschreitung eines eingestellten Drehmomentes während jeder Verschwenkung des Gehäuserohres in Anziehrichtung und entsprechender Drehung des Kopfzahnrades;
  • 3. Festhalten der Skalentrommel bei Verschwenkung des Gehäuserohres entgegen der Anziehrichtung, trotz Drehung des Kopfzahnrades;
  • 4. Einstellbarkeit der Nullstellung der Skalentrommel bei stillstehendem Kopfzahnrad.
The angle indicator 37 meets the following requirements:
  • 1. Lockability of a scale drum 43 in the zero position, for example by means of release lever 21 at Ver pivoting of the housing tube in the tightening direction and corresponding rotation of the head gear 26;
  • 2. Immediate driving and rotation of the scale drum after triggering when a set torque is exceeded during each pivoting of the housing tube in the tightening direction and corresponding rotation of the head gear;
  • 3. Hold the scale drum when pivoting the housing tube against the direction of tightening, despite rotation of the head gear;
  • 4. Adjustability of the zero position of the scale drum when the head gear is stationary.

Der Winkelanzeiger 37 enthält eine Welle 44, die in einem Gehäuse 45 gelagert und beiderseits der Lagerbohrung gegen Verschiebung gesichert ist und die am außenliegenden Wellenende mit der Verbindungsstange 36 gekoppelt ist und hierdurch jede Drehbewegung des Kopfzahnrades 26 mitmacht. Auf dem innenliegenden Wellenende ist ein Freilauf 46 in Form eines Nadelfreilaufs gelagert. Der Freilauf 46 ist in eine diesen umschließende Antriebsbuchse 47 mit seinem Gehäuse eingepreßt. Der Freilauf 46 sperrt in Drehrichtung der Welle 44 gemäß dem Pfeil I. Die Antriebsbuchse 47 besteht aus Stahl und haftet mit ihrer, mit einem umlaufenden Absatz 48 versehenen Stirnfläche an der Innenseite eines scheibenförmigen doppelseitig wirkenden Dauermagneten 49. Der Dauermagnet 49 ist als Boden in die Skalentrommel 43 eingesetzt und fest mit dieser verbunden. Die Skalentrommel umschließt die Antriebsbuchse 47 und wird von deren Absatz 48 radial geführt. Bei Drehung der Antriebsbuchse 47 werden infolge der Magnetkraft und der dabei auftretenden Reibungskraft der Dauermagnet 49 und die Skalentrommel 43 mitgenommen. Auf der der Welle 44 gegenüberliegenden Seite ist im Gehäuse 45 eine Rückstellscheibe 52 mittels eines einstückigen Lageransatzes 53 verschiebesicher gelagert. Der Dauermagnet 49 haftet mit seiner Außenseite an der Stirnfläche der Rückstellscheibe 52. Diese Stirnfläche ist kleiner als die Stirnfläche der Antriebsbuchse 47. Dadurch ergibt sich hier eine geringere, durch die Magnetkraft bewirkte Mitnahme-Reibkraft. Auf einem nach hinten aus dem Gehäuse 45 ragenden Zapfen der Rückstellscheibe 52 ist eine Aufsatzscheibe 58 befestigt. Durch eine in der Aufsatzscheibe umlaufend angeordnete Druckfeder 59, deren Federkraft in Drehrichtung 111 wirkt und größer ist als die bei Drehung gegenwirkende Mitnahme-Reibkraft, wird die Aufsatzscheibe zusammen mit der Rückstellscheibe gegen einen Festanschlag des Gehäuses 45 gehalten. Über einen in der Aufsatzscheibe radial befestigten, durch eine Öffnung des Gehäuserohres 1 nach außen ragenden Betätigungsstift 57 kann von Hand eine Drehbewegung der Rückstellscheibe 52 von ca. 60° gegen den Widerstand der Druckfeder 59 eingeleitet werden. Im Bereich der Rückstellscheibe 52 weist die Skalentrommel 51 einen zylinderförmigen Ansatz 54 auf. Am Umfang dieses Ansatzes ist eine Sperrnase 56 gebildet, die mit dem Auslösehebel 21 der Drehmomenteinrichtung zusammenwirkt.The angle indicator 37 contains a shaft 44 which is mounted in a housing 45 and is secured against displacement on both sides of the bearing bore and which is coupled to the connecting rod 36 at the outer shaft end and thereby follows every rotary movement of the head gear 26. A freewheel 46 in the form of a needle freewheel is mounted on the inner shaft end. The freewheel 46 is pressed into a drive bush 47 enclosing this with its housing. The freewheel 46 locks in the direction of rotation of the shaft 44 according to the arrow I. The drive bush 47 is made of steel and adheres with its end face provided with a circumferential shoulder 48 to the inside of a disc-shaped double-acting permanent magnet 49. The permanent magnet 49 is the bottom in the Scale drum 43 inserted and firmly connected to this. The scale drum encloses the drive bushing 47 and is guided radially by its shoulder 48. When the drive bushing 47 rotates, the permanent magnet 49 and the scale drum 43 are entrained as a result of the magnetic force and the frictional force that occurs. On the side opposite the shaft 44, a reset disk 52 is mounted in the housing 45 so that it cannot move by means of a one-piece bearing projection 53. The permanent magnet 49 adheres with its outside to the end face of the reset disk 52. This end face is smaller than the end face of the drive bush 47. This results in a lower driving friction force caused by the magnetic force. An attachment disk 58 is fastened on a pin of the reset disk 52 which projects out of the housing 45 to the rear. By means of a compression spring 59 which is arranged all around in the attachment disc, the spring force of which acts in the direction of rotation 111 and is greater than the entraining friction force counteracting rotation, the attachment disc is held together with the reset disc against a fixed stop of the housing 45. A rotary movement of the reset disk 52 of approximately 60 ° against the resistance of the compression spring 59 can be initiated by hand via an actuating pin 57 which is fixed radially in the attachment disk and projects through an opening in the housing tube 1. In the area of the reset disk 52, the scale drum 51 has a cylindrical extension 54. On the periphery of this approach, a locking lug 56 is formed, which cooperates with the release lever 21 of the torque device.

Die beschriebene Einrichtung arbeitet wie folgt:The described device works as follows:

Befindet sich der Auslösehebel 21 in der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausgangsstellung, dann liegt die Sperrnase 56 der Skalentrommel 43 an seiner Spitze an, so daß eine Drehung der Skalentrommel 43 und des Dauermagneten 49 in Drehrichtung 1 gesperrt ist. Wird nun die Welle 44 beim Anziehvorgang aufgrund der Drehung des Kopfzahnrades 26 in Richtung des Pfeils I gedreht, wird die Antriebsbuchse 47 aufgrund der Freilaufsperre des Freilaufs 46 unter Überwindung der Reibungskraft zwischen der Antriebsbuchse 47 und dem mit der Skalentrommel 43 gesperrten Dauermagneten 49 mitgenommen. Löst nun die auf Drehmoment ansprechende Einrichtung aus, indem der Auslösehebel 21 über die Sperrnase angehoben wird, erfolgt eine Freigabe der Sperrnase 56 und dadurch eine Freigabe der Skalentrommel 43 mit dem Dauermagneten 49. Die Skalentrommel 43 und der Dauermagnet 49 werden jetzt von der Antriebsbuchse 47 infolge der Reibkraft mitgenommen. Die geringere Reibkraft zur federfixierten Rückstellscheibe wird dabei überwunden. Da die Drehung des Kopfzahnrades 26 auf die Skalentrommel im Verhältnis 1:1 übertragen wird, kann durch Auftragen einer entsprechenden Gradskala am Umfang der Skalentrommel auf dieser der jeweilige Anzugswinkel nach Erreichen des Auslösemoments abgelesen werden. Hierzu ist oberhalb der Skalentrommel 43 im Gehäuserohr 1 ein Fenster 61 mit Nullpunktmarkierung angeordnet. Bei einer Rückdrehung des Gehäuserohrs 1 entgegen der Anziehrichtung, z.B. bei Verwendung eines Knarreneinsatzes 2, der ein mehrmaliges Anziehen in kleinen Winkelschritten ermöglicht, erfolgt keine Rückdrehung der Skalentrommel 43. Vielmehr verbleibt die Skalentrommel 43 jeweils in der erreichten Stellung, so daß die einzelnen Winkelschritte auf der Skalentrommel addiert werden. Dies ist dadurch möglich, daß bei einer Rückdrehung der Welle 44 in Richtung II aufgrund des nun wirksamen Freilaufes 46 keine Mitnahme der Antriebsbuchse 47 erfolgt und die Skalentrommel 43 durch die Haftverbindung sowohl der Antriebsbuchse 47 als auch der fixierten Rückstellscheibe 52 mit dem Dauermagneten 49 fixiert bleibt. Nach Beendigung des Anziehvorgangs und Loslassen des Griffes 3 kehrt der Auslösehebel 21 wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück und ist sperrbereit.If the trigger lever 21 is in the starting position shown in FIG. 3, then the locking lug 56 of the scale drum 43 rests against its tip, so that rotation of the scale drum 43 and the permanent magnet 49 in the direction of rotation 1 is blocked. If the shaft 44 is now rotated during the tightening process due to the rotation of the head gear 26 in the direction of arrow I, the drive bushing 47 is taken along due to the freewheel lock of the freewheel 46 while overcoming the frictional force between the drive bushing 47 and the permanent magnet 49 locked with the scale drum 43. Now triggers the torque-responsive device by lifting the release lever 21 over the locking lug, the locking lug 56 is released and thereby the scale drum 43 is released with the permanent magnet 49. The scale drum 43 and the permanent magnet 49 are now removed from the drive bushing 47 taken away due to the frictional force. The lower frictional force to the spring-fixed return washer is overcome. Since the rotation of the head gear 26 is transmitted to the scale drum in a ratio of 1: 1, by applying a corresponding degree scale on the circumference of the scale drum, the respective tightening angle can be read off after the triggering torque has been reached. For this purpose, a window 61 with a zero mark is arranged above the scale drum 43 in the housing tube 1. When the housing tube 1 turns back against the tightening direction, e.g. when using a ratchet insert 2, which enables repeated tightening in small angular steps, the scale drum 43 does not turn back. Rather, the scale drum 43 remains in the position reached, so that the individual angular steps on the scale drum are added. This is possible due to the fact that when the shaft 44 rotates backward in the direction II due to the now effective freewheel 46, there is no entrainment of the drive bushing 47 and the scale drum 43 remains fixed to the permanent magnet 49 by the adhesive connection of both the drive bushing 47 and the fixed reset disk 52 . After the tightening process and release of the handle 3, the release lever 21 returns to its starting position and is ready to lock.

Um die Skalentrommel für den nächsten Anziehvorgang aus ihrer erreichten Anzeigestellung wieder in die Nullstellung, d.h. zur Anlage der Sperrnase 56 an die Spitze des Auslösehebels 21 zu bringen, werden mit dem von der angezogenen Schraubenverbindung abgehobenen Schlüssel bei festgelegtem Hebelarm 28 einige Schwenkbewegungen um die Achse Z des Kopfzahnrades 26 ausgeführt. Hierzu kann auch das Eindrehen der nächsten anzuziehenden Schraubenverbindung benutzt werden. Außerdem kann die Nullpunkteinstellung dadurch erfolgen, daß zunächst die Rückstellscheibe 52 über den Betätigungsstift 57 von Hand in Richtung IV gegen die Federkraft der Druckfeder 59 verschwenkt wird. Dabei erfolgt keine Mitnahme der Skalentrommel 43, sondern es wird die Reibkraft zwischen der Rückstellscheibe 52 und dem Dauermagneten 49 überwunden, da sowohl die Sperre des Freilaufs 46 als auch die Reibkraft zwischen dem Dauermagneten und der Antriebsbuchse 47 einen größeren Widerstand bieten als die Reibkraft zwischen Rückstellscheibe 52 und Dauermagneten 49. Nach dem Loslassen des Betätigungsstiftes wird die Rückstellscheibe 52 durch die Federkraft der Druckfeder 59 in Richtung 111 zurückgedrückt. Dabei werden sowohl der Dauermagnet 49 mit der Skalentrommel 43 durch die Rückstellscheibe 52 als auch die Antriebsbuchse 47 durch den Dauermagneten 49 in Freilaufrichtung mitgenommen. Auch hier kann die Rückstellung in mehreren Schritten erfolgen, bis die Sperrnase 56 wieder an dem Auslösehebel 21 anliegt.In order to bring the scale drum for the next tightening process from the display position it has reached back to the zero position, ie to rest the locking lug 56 at the tip of the release lever 21, with the lever lifted off the tightened screw connection key 28, some pivoting movements about the axis Z are made the head gear 26 executed. To do this, the next screw connection to be tightened can also be screwed in. In addition, the zero point can be adjusted by first pivoting the reset disk 52 against the spring force of the compression spring 59 via the actuating pin 57 in the direction IV. There is no entrainment of the scale drum 43, but the frictional force between the reset disk 52 and the permanent magnet 49 is overcome since both the Locking the freewheel 46 and the frictional force between the permanent magnet and the drive bushing 47 offer greater resistance than the frictional force between the reset disk 52 and the permanent magnet 49. After the actuating pin has been released, the reset disk 52 is pushed back in the direction 111 by the spring force of the compression spring 59. Both the permanent magnet 49 with the scale drum 43 are carried by the return disk 52 and the drive bushing 47 by the permanent magnet 49 in the freewheeling direction. Here too, the reset can be carried out in several steps until the locking lug 56 is again in contact with the release lever 21.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß sie sehr kompakt ausgeführt werden kann, so daß sie auch an schwer zugänglichen Stellen ohne weiteres eingesetzt werden kann. Weiterhin kann mit ihr das streckgrenzüberschreitende Anziehverfahren mittels Drehwinkelsteuerung in einem Anziehvorgang ohne Absetzen oder Anhalten durchgeführt werden.The device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be made very compact, so that it can be used without difficulty even in places which are difficult to access. It can also be used to carry out the tightening process that exceeds the yield point by means of rotation angle control in one tightening process without stopping or stopping.

Claims (10)

1. Apparatus for tightening of a threaded connection, so as to exceed the yield point thereof, about an axis (Z) by means of combined torque and rotary angle control, comprising
(a) a tubular housing (1) having a hadle (3) at one end,
(b) a head piece arranged at the other end of the tubular housing (1) and adapted to be coupled to the threaded connection,
(c) a torque-responsive device, which responds to the torque exerted through the handle (3) and the housing (1) on the head piece and the threaded connection when this torque exceeds a predetermined value, and
(d) a device for measuring the rotary angle when tightening the threaded connection, which device has an angle indicator, which indicates a predetermined value when the predetermined torque is reached, characterized in that
(e) the device for measuring the rotary angle is adapted to drive the angle indicator (37) through a sliding clutch (47, 49),
(f) a locking device (21, 56) is arranged to stop the angle indicator (37) in said predetermined value of the rotary angle, and
(g) the locking device (21, 56) is automatically releasable when the device (11, 18, 24) responding to torque responds.
2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the gear furthermore has a free-wheel (46).
3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that
(a) the angle indicator (37) has a rotatably mounted scale drum (43),
(b) the sliding clutch has a disc-shaped permanent magnet (49) attached to the scale drum (43) and a driving bushing (47) arranged within the scale drum (43) and adapted to be driven by the shaft (44), the driving bushing (47) being frictionally drawn with its front surface to a first front surface of the permanent magnet (49) through the magnetic force.
4. Apparatus as set forth in claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the free-wheel (46) is provided between the shaft (44) and the driving bushing (47).
5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that
(a) a restoring disc (52) engages the second front surface of the permanent magnet (49) on its side opposite the driving bushirig (47), and
(b) the area of the front surface of the restoring disc (52) is smaller than the area of the front surface of the driving bushing (47).
6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that
(a) the restoring disc (52) is rotatably mounted coaxially with the shaft (47) and the scale drum (43),
(b) the restoring disc (52) is kept in engagement with a housing-fixed stop through a spring (59), and
(c) the restoring disc (52) is rotatable against the action of the spring (59) through an actuating pin (57) attached to the restoring disc (52) and extending out of the housing (1).
7. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3, characterized in that the locking device has a locking lug (56) provided at the cicumference of the scale drum (43) and a releasing lever (21), which engages with a free end the locking lug (56) in its initial position and guards the scale drum (43) against rotation and which is pivotable through the torque responsive device into a position, in which it is disengaged from the locking lug (56).
8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that, for forming the device responding to torque,
(a) the handle (3) is mounted at the housing (1) by means of a parallel lever guide (4, 6),
(b) a bending rod (11) is held in the handle (3), and
(c) a stop (18) is provided at the housing (1), the bending rod (11) engaging this stop (18) when a torque is exerted.
9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 8, characterized in that
(a) the bending rod (11) on one side is mounted on the handle side bearing axle (12) of a lever (4) of the parallel lever guide (4,6), and
(b) the bending rod (11) on the other side is mounted in an adjusting slider (13) slidably mounted in the handle (3).
10. Apparatus as set forth in claim 8, characterized in that
(a) the locking device has a two-armed releasing lever (21), which is pivoted into a locking position by the action of a spring (23), and
(b) a releasing stop (24) is provided at the handle (3), which releasing stop (24) extends over a lever arm of the releasing lever (21) and which engages the releasing lever (21) and which is arranged to pivot the releasing lever (21) against the action of the spring (23) when the bending rod (11) is bent by a predetermined amount and the handle (3) is correspondingly displaced relative to the housing (1) when a torque is exerted through the handle (3).
EP86104361A 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Device for fastening screws above the yield point Expired EP0198304B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86104361A EP0198304B1 (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Device for fastening screws above the yield point
AT86104361T ATE39641T1 (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 DEVICE FOR EXTENDED TIGHTENING OF A SCREW CONNECTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86104361A EP0198304B1 (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Device for fastening screws above the yield point

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104347.8 Division 1982-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0198304A2 EP0198304A2 (en) 1986-10-22
EP0198304A3 EP0198304A3 (en) 1987-01-07
EP0198304B1 true EP0198304B1 (en) 1989-01-04

Family

ID=8195025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86104361A Expired EP0198304B1 (en) 1982-05-18 1982-05-18 Device for fastening screws above the yield point

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0198304B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE39641T1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63306886A (en) * 1987-06-02 1988-12-14 株式会社　東日製作所 Torque wrench capable of corresponding to angle method
CN103128696B (en) * 2011-11-29 2015-01-21 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 Striking spanner assembly with bounce preventing function

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1603768B1 (en) * 1968-01-27 1971-12-23 Daimler Benz Ag Device for tightening screws of a screw union
DE2520918C2 (en) * 1975-05-10 1977-04-14 Hazet Werk Zerver Hermann DEVICE FOR TIGHTENING A SCREW CONNECTION
DE2843406A1 (en) * 1978-10-05 1980-08-28 Hazet Werk Zerver Hermann Wrench for tightening screw connections - has either mechanical display or electronic display of angle rotated
DE2914287A1 (en) * 1979-04-09 1980-11-06 Richard Abr Herder Gmbh & Co Tool for accurate rotation of inserted screw - has scale fixed to tool and marker on screw and on workpiece respectively

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0198304A3 (en) 1987-01-07
EP0198304A2 (en) 1986-10-22
ATE39641T1 (en) 1989-01-15

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