EP0196992B1 - Current transformer having a rectangular magnetic core - Google Patents

Current transformer having a rectangular magnetic core Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0196992B1
EP0196992B1 EP86730039A EP86730039A EP0196992B1 EP 0196992 B1 EP0196992 B1 EP 0196992B1 EP 86730039 A EP86730039 A EP 86730039A EP 86730039 A EP86730039 A EP 86730039A EP 0196992 B1 EP0196992 B1 EP 0196992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current transformer
iron core
insulating
coil forms
transformer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86730039A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0196992A1 (en
EP0196992B2 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Bradt
Günter Dipl.-Ing. Prietzel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28Current transformers
    • H01F38/30Constructions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H01F27/325Coil bobbins
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49073Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by assembling coil and core

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current transformer with a rectangular iron core; in particular for low-voltage circuit breakers, with bobbins sitting on opposite legs of the iron core, as well as with connecting devices for windings and insulating parts located on the bobbins for isolating the iron core from a busbar to be enclosed by the iron core.
  • Current transformers of this type are used in the application on low-voltage circuit breakers to extract small currents from the currents flowing through the main current paths for the supply of electromechanical or electronic ones Trigger suitable currents to gain.
  • the current transformers are designed as transformers, the primary winding of which is a current rail as part of the current path of the circuit breaker. Since a current transformer is generally required for each phase and low-voltage circuit breakers, plug-in units for motor controls and similar applications are manufactured in relatively large numbers, there is interest in a design of such current transformers that enables inexpensive production.
  • the invention is based on the object of ensuring effective and permanent insulation between the primary part and the secondary part of the current transformer while being easy to manufacture.
  • the sides of the iron core facing the busbar are covered by the insulating parts.
  • the insulating parts form a mechanical connection between the two coil formers. This makes it possible to first complete the coil form a self-supporting frame and to make the necessary switching connections before the iron core is installed. As a result, the handling of the parts during the manufacturing process of the current transformers is made considerably easier.
  • the insulating bodies mentioned can also be designed such that they at least partially encompass the conductor rail across the width of the current transformer. In this way, it is also achieved in the space between the coil formers for extending the creepage distances between the busbar and the windings or their connection points.
  • This design gives the insulating parts approximately the shape of two U-profiles that intersect at right angles and are open in opposite directions.
  • connection chambers for the winding connections, these connection chambers forming contact surfaces for the region of each insulating part encompassing the busbar. This configuration facilitates the assembly of the coil former with the insulating parts.
  • connection chambers can only be open on one side; in this case, connection pieces enclosed by them can be arranged so as to protrude from the mouth of the connection chambers. This proves to be advantageous in connection with a method for producing a current transformer, as will be explained below.
  • the insulating bodies can have a web for forming a conduit.
  • connecting lines of the windings located on the coil form can be laid in a mechanically well protected manner, the creepage distances also being increased.
  • a further invention relates to a method for producing a current transformer of the type described above, wherein after the windings have been applied to the coil formers, these are connected to form a frame by attaching the insulating parts and L-shaped sheets are inserted therein without overlap to form the iron core and attached to the outer edges of the butt joints are connected by a, in particular arc, weld seam.
  • the welded seam although it can be carried out as a melt with a low penetration depth, firmly connects the laminated cores to one another.
  • the magnetic properties of the iron core are therefore retained regardless of later influences such as vibrations, temperature changes and the like.
  • To the iron core now forms a clamp that holds the coil bodies together.
  • Figure 1 shows a current transformer in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 2 two coil formers and insulating parts connecting them are also shown in perspective in an exploded and rotated view relative to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows, as a detail of a coil former, a connection chamber in section with a connector inserted, the surface of an impregnation bath being indicated.
  • the current transformer 1 according to FIG. 1 has two identical bobbins 2 with windings 3 thereon.
  • Each of the bobbins 2 has winding flanges 4 and 5 in the usual way to limit the winding space and furthermore a rectangular hollow winding core 6 (see FIG. 2) for receiving one leg of a rectangular iron core 7.
  • the bobbins 2 uniform bodies, which can preferably be made from a suitable plastic by spraying.
  • Essential elements are molded onto the flanges 4 and 5 of the bobbin 2 for efficient manufacture of the current transformer 1.
  • each of the flanges 4 and 5 carries an approximately mushroom-shaped extension 8, which is used to put on a foot part 10, which is shown in FIG. 1 and whose use is still described.
  • the flanges 4 and 5 are provided with wall parts which extend in the extension of the winding core 6.
  • the iron core in this area is partially covered by the wall parts.
  • One wall part 11 is part of the extension 8 and has the height of the iron core 7, while the side wall parts 12 and 13 have a locally smaller height than the wall part 11 for a purpose to be explained.
  • Connection chambers 14 for receiving a contact pin, a screw terminal or the like are also integrally formed on the flanges 4 and 5. Between the connection chamber 14 and the wall part 13 there is a slot 15, which is provided for the protected laying of a winding wire or a line, as will be explained. Analogously, the same design is located on the opposite side in the area of the wall part 12, where a slot 17 is likewise formed by a lower wall part 16 arranged in parallel.
  • the flanges 4 and 5 are also provided both in the area of the connection chamber 14 and the slot 17 with recesses 20 and 21, which are used for the convenient insertion and removal of the winding wires from the winding space.
  • the distance 22 between the wall parts 12 and 13 on their side opposite the extension 8 is widened by a step to an enlarged distance 23.
  • the flanges 4 and 5 are designed in this area to create a recess with a reduced wall thickness.
  • a connection area 24 is created for the engagement of insulating parts 25, the aforementioned dimension expansion and the reduction in the wall thickness corresponding to a U-shaped area 26 provided for gripping around the exposed leg 45 of the iron core 7.
  • This is formed by side walls 27 with the height of the iron core 7 and a bottom part 28 with the width of the iron core 7. Near their ends, the side walls 27 and the bottom part 28 are provided on the outside with a groove 29 which cooperate with correspondingly shaped projections 30 of the wall parts 12 and 13 in the connection region 24 in a form-fitting manner in the manner of a snap connection.
  • a further U-shaped region 31 with wall parts 32 and a bottom part 33 opens towards the opposite side.
  • the length of this region is corresponding to that
  • the total width of the current transformer 1 (FIG. 1) is dimensioned and accordingly extends over the width of the Fiansche 4 and 5.
  • the U-shaped region 31 serves to extend the creepage distance between a rectangular busbar 9 indicated in FIG. 1 and the windings 3 and the connection devices of the winding ends.
  • the ends of the U-shaped region 31 projecting beyond the U-shaped region 26 of the insulating part 25 also act as abutments on the coil formers 2 when these coil formers are joined together with the insulating parts 25.
  • the undersides 34 of the connecting chambers serve as counter surfaces on the coil formers 2 14 and a projection 35 formed in the extension of each wall part 16.
  • webs 36 are provided which extend in the extension of the line channels described on the flanges 4 and 5 and serve to receive the coil wires or connecting lines.
  • the insulating parts 25 can also be designed as molded plastic parts. Their wall thickness can be chosen to be smaller than the wall thickness of the coil former 2, since it is essential to maintain electrical creepage distances and no significant mechanical stress occurs.
  • windings are first applied to the bobbins 2 in a known manner.
  • the winding ends are only mechanically fixed to pins 37 of the flanges 4 and 5 or are soldered to connecting pieces 40 projecting into the connecting chambers 14.
  • both bobbins are connected to the windings located thereon with the aid of the insulating pieces 25, which is due to the provided snap connection can be achieved in a simple manner by a brief effort in the direction of arrows 41 in Fig. 2.
  • the iron core 7 is now installed in the frame formed in this way by inserting L-shaped iron sheets 42 from opposite sides without overlap, as is indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the closed magnetic circuit is produced in that the two L-shaped laminated cores are connected at their butt joints by an arc weld 43.
  • the wall parts 12 and 13 on the outer sides of the flanges 4 and 5 are designed locally with a height that is lower than the height of the iron core 7, in order to be able to carry out the welding process without damaging the plastic parts.
  • the laminated cores are expediently pressurized in the direction of the arrows 46 (FIG. 2), the forces being able to be introduced via the lugs 8. There is practically no air gap at the butt joints of the sheets 42. Since no cross holes for clamping bolts, outer clamps or rivets are required, the iron core 7 has consistently good magnetic properties with a comparatively small cross-section.
  • the desired type of coil switching can be carried out before or after installation of the iron core, in which, for example, the winding ends of one winding are guided through the mentioned conduit channels and soldered to the connecting pieces 40 located on the other coil former.
  • the mechanically and electrically finished current transformer 1 can also be subjected to a paint treatment in order to improve the insulating capacity and to protect the iron core 7 against corrosion.
  • the manufacture of the current transformer 1 is considerably facilitated in that the coil formers can be assembled into a stable and dimensionally accurate frame by means of the insulating parts 25 before the iron core is installed.
  • the insulating parts 25 ensure permanent insulation of the iron core 7 with respect to the busbar 9 and the connection devices of the winding ends.
  • the bobbins 2 are identical, there is extensive freedom of movement with regard to the position of the connection points, since a total of four connection chambers 14 are available, which are distributed over both sides of the current transformer 1.
  • the current transformer can be attached either in one position or in a position rotated by 180 °.
  • the foot parts 10 can be pushed onto the corresponding lugs 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows, using the example of one of the connection chambers 14, that the associated connection piece 40 is arranged so as to protrude from the mouth 50. If the completed current transformer 1 (FIG. 1) is now introduced into the impregnation bath in the direction of arrow 52, the mouth 50 of the connection chambers 14 equipped with connecting pieces 40 faces the surface 51 of the impregnation bath.
  • the connection chambers act as diving bells, since they are only open on one side. This prevents wetting of the connectors with the soaking agent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stromwandler mit einem rechteckigen Eisenkern; insbesondere für Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter, mit auf gegenüberliegenden Schenkeln des Eisenkerns sitzenden Spulenkörpern, sowie mit Anschlußvorrichtungen für auf den Spulenkörpern befindliche Wicklungen und Isolierteilen zur Isolierung des Eisenkernes gegenüber einer von dem Eisenkern zu umschließenden Stromschiene.The invention relates to a current transformer with a rectangular iron core; in particular for low-voltage circuit breakers, with bobbins sitting on opposite legs of the iron core, as well as with connecting devices for windings and insulating parts located on the bobbins for isolating the iron core from a busbar to be enclosed by the iron core.

Stromwandler dieser Art, wie sie beispielsweise der Firmendruckschrift « Mitsubishi Electric 04 82/AE-S/G zu entnehmen sind, dienen in der Anwendung auf Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter dazu, aus den über die Hauptstrombahnen fließenden Strömen kleine, für die Speisung von elektromechanischen oder elektronischen Auslösern geeignete Ströme zu gewinnen. Im Prinzip sind die Stromwandler als Transformatoren ausgebildet, deren Primärwicklung eine Stromschiene als Bestandteil der Strombahn des Leistungsschalters ist. Da in der Regel für jede Phase ein Stromwandler benötigt wird und Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter, Einschübe für Motorsteuerungen und ähnliche Anwendungsfälle in relativ großer Stückzahl gefertigt werden, besteht ein Interesse an einer Bauform solcher Stromwandler, die eine preiswerte Herstellung ermöglicht.Current transformers of this type, as can be found, for example, in the company brochure «Mitsubishi Electric 04 82 / AE-S / G, are used in the application on low-voltage circuit breakers to extract small currents from the currents flowing through the main current paths for the supply of electromechanical or electronic ones Trigger suitable currents to gain. In principle, the current transformers are designed as transformers, the primary winding of which is a current rail as part of the current path of the circuit breaker. Since a current transformer is generally required for each phase and low-voltage circuit breakers, plug-in units for motor controls and similar applications are manufactured in relatively large numbers, there is interest in a design of such current transformers that enables inexpensive production.

Der Erfindung liegt in diesem Zusammenhang die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einfacher Herstellbarkeit eine wirksame und dauerhafte Isolierung zwischen dem Primärteil und dem Sekundärteil des Stromwandlers sicherzustellen.In this context, the invention is based on the object of ensuring effective and permanent insulation between the primary part and the secondary part of the current transformer while being easy to manufacture.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Stromwandler der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Spulenkörper an beiden Enden durch je ein Isolierteil verbunden sind und daß die Isolierteile die freiliegenden Schenkel des Eisenkernes U-förmig wenigstens teilweise umgreifen.This object is achieved in a current transformer of the type mentioned in that the coil formers are connected at both ends by an insulating part and that the insulating parts at least partially encompass the exposed legs of the iron core in a U-shape.

Durch die Isolierteile werden die der Stromschiene zugewandten Seiten des Eisenkernes abgedeckt. Zugleich bilden die Isolierteile eine mechanische Verbindung der beiden Spulenkörper. Dies gibt die Möglichkeit, zunächst die Spulenkörper zu einem selbsttragenden Rahmen zu komplettieren und die erforderlichen Schaltverbindungen vorzunehmen, bevor der Eisenkern eingebaut wird. Hierdurch ist die Handhabung der Teile während des Herstellungsganges der Stromwandler wesentlich erleichtert.The sides of the iron core facing the busbar are covered by the insulating parts. At the same time, the insulating parts form a mechanical connection between the two coil formers. This makes it possible to first complete the coil form a self-supporting frame and to make the necessary switching connections before the iron core is installed. As a result, the handling of the parts during the manufacturing process of the current transformers is made considerably easier.

Die erwähnten Isolierkörper können ferner so ausgebildet sein, daß sie die Stromschiene über die Breite des Stromwandlers U-förmig wenigstens teilweise umgreifen. Auf diese Weise wird auch in dem Raum zwischen den Spulenkörpern für eine Verlängerung der Kriechwege zwischen der Stromschiene und den Wicklungen bzw. ihren Anschlußstellen erreicht. Die Isolierteile erhalten durch diese Gestaltung annähernd die Form zweier sich rechtwinkelig kreuzender und nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen offener U-Profile.The insulating bodies mentioned can also be designed such that they at least partially encompass the conductor rail across the width of the current transformer. In this way, it is also achieved in the space between the coil formers for extending the creepage distances between the busbar and the windings or their connection points. This design gives the insulating parts approximately the shape of two U-profiles that intersect at right angles and are open in opposite directions.

Es empfiehlt sich, die Spulenkörper mit Anschlußkammern für die Wicklungsanschlüsse zu versehen, wobei diese Anschlußkammern Anlageflächen für den die Stromschiene umgreifenden Bereich jedes Isolierteiles bilden. Diese Ausgestaltung erleichtert das Zusammenfügen der Spulenkörper mit den Isolierteilen.It is advisable to provide the coil formers with connection chambers for the winding connections, these connection chambers forming contact surfaces for the region of each insulating part encompassing the busbar. This configuration facilitates the assembly of the coil former with the insulating parts.

Ferner können die Anschlußkammern nur einseitig offen ausgebildet sein ; dabei können von ihnen umschlossene Anschlußstücke gegenüber der Mündung der Anschlußkammern zurückstehend angeordnet sein. Dies erweist sich als vorteilhaft im Zusammenhang mit einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stromwandlers, wie noch erläutert wird.Furthermore, the connection chambers can only be open on one side; in this case, connection pieces enclosed by them can be arranged so as to protrude from the mouth of the connection chambers. This proves to be advantageous in connection with a method for producing a current transformer, as will be explained below.

Eine vorteilhaft einfache Zusammenfügbarkeit der Spulenkörper und der sie verbindenden Isolierteile kann dadurch erzielt werden, daß die Spulenkörper und die Isolierteile formschlüssig zusammenwirkend ausgebildet sind. In diesem Zusammenhang empfiehlt es sich, den Isolierkörper so auszubilden, daß sein den Eisenkern U-förmig umgreifender Bereich an beiden Enden in passend geformte Anschlußbereiche der Spulenkörper überlappend eingreift. Dies wirkt sich gleichermaßen günstig auf die mechanische Stabilität des erwähnten rahmenartigen Gebildes als auch auf die Erhöhung der Kriechwege aus.An advantageously simple assembly of the coil former and the insulating parts connecting them can be achieved in that the coil former and the insulating parts are designed to interact in a form-fitting manner. In this context, it is advisable to design the insulating body in such a way that its area encompassing the iron core in a U-shape engages at both ends in an overlapping manner in appropriately shaped connection areas of the coil body. This has an equally favorable effect on the mechanical stability of the aforementioned frame-like structure and on the increase in the creepage distances.

Hierzu können insbesondere einander zugeordnete Vertiefungen und Erhebungen an den Spulenkörpern und an den Isolierteilen vorgesehen sein, die eine formschlüssig- wirkende Schnappverbindung bilden. Damit lassen sich die Spulenkörper und die Isolierteile ohne Zuhilfenahme von Werkzeugen oder gesonderten Verbindungselementen lediglich durch kurzzeitige Krafteinwirkung zu einem geschlossenen Rahmen zusammenfügen.For this purpose, in particular mutually associated depressions and elevations can be provided on the coil formers and on the insulating parts, which form a positive-locking snap connection. This allows the coil formers and the insulating parts to be assembled into a closed frame without the aid of tools or separate connecting elements, only by briefly applying force.

Die Isolierkörper können in paralleler Anordnung zu einem den Eisenkern seitlich abdeckenden Wandungsteil einen Steg zur Bildung eines Leitungskanales aufweisen. In diesem Leitungskanal können Verbindungsleitungen der auf den Spulenkörper befindlichen Wicklungen mechanisch gut geschützt verlegt werden, wobei auch die Kriechwege vegrößert sind.In a parallel arrangement to a wall part that laterally covers the iron core, the insulating bodies can have a web for forming a conduit. In this line channel, connecting lines of the windings located on the coil form can be laid in a mechanically well protected manner, the creepage distances also being increased.

Eine weitere Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stromwandlers der vorstehend beschriebenen Art, wobei nach der Aufbringung der Wicklungen auf die Spulenkörper diese durch Anbringen der Isolierteile zu einem Rahmen verbunden und in diesen zur Bildung des Eisenkerns L-förmige Bleche ohne Überlappung eingefügt und an den außenliegenden Kanten der Stoßfugen durch eine, insbesondere Lichtbogen-, Schweißnaht verbunden werden.A further invention relates to a method for producing a current transformer of the type described above, wherein after the windings have been applied to the coil formers, these are connected to form a frame by attaching the insulating parts and L-shaped sheets are inserted therein without overlap to form the iron core and attached to the outer edges of the butt joints are connected by a, in particular arc, weld seam.

Durch die Schweißnaht werden, obwohl sie als Aufschmelzung mit geringer Eindringtiefe ausführbar ist, die Blechpakete fest miteinander verbunden. Die magnetischen Eigenschaften des Eisenkerns bleiben daher unabhängig von späteren Einflüssen des Betriebes wie Erschütterungen, Temperaturwechsel und dergleichen erhalten. Zugleich bildet nun der Eisenkern eine die Spulenkörper zusammenhaltende Klammer.The welded seam, although it can be carried out as a melt with a low penetration depth, firmly connects the laminated cores to one another. The magnetic properties of the iron core are therefore retained regardless of later influences such as vibrations, temperature changes and the like. To the iron core now forms a clamp that holds the coil bodies together.

Die beiden Erfindungen werden im folgenden anhand des in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The two inventions are explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figures.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Stromwandler in einer perspektivischen Darstellung.Figure 1 shows a current transformer in a perspective view.

In der Figur 2 sind zwei Spulenkörper und diese verbindende Isolierteile gleichfalls perspektivisch in auseinandergezogener und gegenüber der Figur 1 gedrehter Darstellung gezeigt.In FIG. 2, two coil formers and insulating parts connecting them are also shown in perspective in an exploded and rotated view relative to FIG. 1.

Die Figur 3 zeigt als Einzelheit eines Spulenkörpers eine Anschlußkammer im Schnitt mit eingesetztem Anschlußstück, wobei die Oberfläche eines Tränkbades angedeutet ist.FIG. 3 shows, as a detail of a coil former, a connection chamber in section with a connector inserted, the surface of an impregnation bath being indicated.

Der Stromwandler 1 gemäß der Figur 1 weist zwei gleiche Spulenkörper 2 mit darauf befindlichen Wicklungen 3 auf. Jeder der Spulenkörper 2 besitzt in üblicher Weise Wicklungsflansche 4 und 5 zur Begrenzung des Wicklungsraumes auf und ferner einen rechteckigen hohlen Wickelkern 6 (vgl. Fig. 2) zur Aufnahme jeweils eines Schenkels eines rechteckigen Eisenkernes 7. Wie insbesondere der Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, sind die Spulenkörper 2 einheitliche Körper, die vorzugsweise im Spritzverfahren aus einem geeigneten Kunststoff hergestellt sein können. An die Flansche 4 und 5 der Spulenkörper 2 sind für eine rationelle Fertigung des Stromwandlers 1 wesentliche Elemente angeformt. Insbesondere trägt jeder der Flansche 4 und 5 einen etwa pilzförmigen Ansatz 8, der zum Aufsetzen eines Fußteiles 10 dient, das in der Figur 1 gezeigt ist und dessen Anwendung noch beschrieben wird. Ferner sind die Flansche 4 und 5 mit Wandteilen versehen, die sich in der Verlängerung des Wickelkernes 6 erstrecken. Durch die Wandteile wird der Eisenkern in diesem Bereich teilweise abgedeckt. Der eine Wandteil 11 ist Bestandteil des Ansatzes 8 und hat die Höhe des Eisenkerns 7, während die seitlichen Wandteile 12 und 13 zu einem noch zu erläuternden Zweck örtlich eine etwas geringere Höhe als der Wandteil 11 aufweisen.The current transformer 1 according to FIG. 1 has two identical bobbins 2 with windings 3 thereon. Each of the bobbins 2 has winding flanges 4 and 5 in the usual way to limit the winding space and furthermore a rectangular hollow winding core 6 (see FIG. 2) for receiving one leg of a rectangular iron core 7. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, are the bobbins 2 uniform bodies, which can preferably be made from a suitable plastic by spraying. Essential elements are molded onto the flanges 4 and 5 of the bobbin 2 for efficient manufacture of the current transformer 1. In particular, each of the flanges 4 and 5 carries an approximately mushroom-shaped extension 8, which is used to put on a foot part 10, which is shown in FIG. 1 and whose use is still described. Furthermore, the flanges 4 and 5 are provided with wall parts which extend in the extension of the winding core 6. The iron core in this area is partially covered by the wall parts. One wall part 11 is part of the extension 8 and has the height of the iron core 7, while the side wall parts 12 and 13 have a locally smaller height than the wall part 11 for a purpose to be explained.

An die Flansche 4 und 5 sind ferner Anschlußkammern 14 zur Aufnahme eines Kontaktstiftes, einer Schraubklemme oder dergleichen angeformt. Zwischen der Anschlußkammer 14 und dem Wandteil 13 befindet sich ein Schlitz 15, der zur geschützten Verlegung eines Wicklungsdrahtes bzw. einer Leitung vorgesehen ist, wie noch erläutert wird. Sinngemäß die gleiche Gestaltung befindet sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite im Bereich des Wandteiles 12, wo durch einen parallel angeordneten niedrigeren Wandteil 16 gleichfalls ein Schlitz 17 gebildet ist. Die Flansche 4 und 5 sind darüber hinaus sowohl im Bereich der Anschlußkammer 14 als auch des Schlitzes 17 mit Ausnehmungen 20 bzw. 21 versehen, die zur bequemen Einführung bzw. Herausführung der Wicklungsdrähte aus dem Wicklungsraum dienen.Connection chambers 14 for receiving a contact pin, a screw terminal or the like are also integrally formed on the flanges 4 and 5. Between the connection chamber 14 and the wall part 13 there is a slot 15, which is provided for the protected laying of a winding wire or a line, as will be explained. Analogously, the same design is located on the opposite side in the area of the wall part 12, where a slot 17 is likewise formed by a lower wall part 16 arranged in parallel. The flanges 4 and 5 are also provided both in the area of the connection chamber 14 and the slot 17 with recesses 20 and 21, which are used for the convenient insertion and removal of the winding wires from the winding space.

Wie man erkennt, ist der Abstand 22 der Wandteile 12 und 13 auf ihrer dem Ansatz 8 gegenüberliegenden Seite durch einen Absatz auf einen vergrößerten Abstand 23 erweitert. Sinngemäß in gleicher Weise sind die Flansche 4 und 5 in diesem Bereich zur Schaffung einer Vertiefung mit verringerter Wandstärke ausgeführt. Hierdurch wird jeweils ein Anschlußbereich 24 für das Eingreifen von Isolierteilen 25 geschaffen, wobei die erwähnte Maßerweiterung und die Verringerung der Wandstärke eines zum Umgreifen des freiliegenden Schenkels 45 des Eisenkernes 7 vorgesehenen U-förmigen Bereiches 26 entspricht. Dieser ist durch Seitenwände 27 mit der Höhe des Eisenkernes 7 sowie ein Bodenteil 28 mit der Breite des Eisenkernes 7 gebildet. Nahe ihren Enden sind die Seitenwände 27 und der Bodenteil 28 außen mit einer Rille 29 versehen, die mit entsprechend geformten Vorsprüngen 30 der Wandteile 12 und 13 in dem Anschlußbereich 24 formschlüssig nach Art einer Schnappverbindung zusammenwirken.As can be seen, the distance 22 between the wall parts 12 and 13 on their side opposite the extension 8 is widened by a step to an enlarged distance 23. Analogously, the flanges 4 and 5 are designed in this area to create a recess with a reduced wall thickness. In this way, a connection area 24 is created for the engagement of insulating parts 25, the aforementioned dimension expansion and the reduction in the wall thickness corresponding to a U-shaped area 26 provided for gripping around the exposed leg 45 of the iron core 7. This is formed by side walls 27 with the height of the iron core 7 and a bottom part 28 with the width of the iron core 7. Near their ends, the side walls 27 and the bottom part 28 are provided on the outside with a groove 29 which cooperate with correspondingly shaped projections 30 of the wall parts 12 and 13 in the connection region 24 in a form-fitting manner in the manner of a snap connection.

Senkrecht zu dem durch die Seitenwände 27 und den Bodenteil 28 gebildeten U-förmigen Bereich 26 des Isolierteiles 25 erstreckt sich ein weiterer, nach der gegenüberliegenden Seite geöffneter U-förmiger Bereich 31 mit Wandteilen 32 und einem Bodenteil 33. Die Länge dieses Bereiches ist entsprechend der Gesamtbreite des Stromwandlers 1 (Fig. 1) bemessen und erstreckt sich dementsprechend über die Breite der Fiansche 4 und 5. Der U-förmige Bereich 31 dient zur Verlängerung des Kriechweges zwischen einer in der Fig. 1 angedeuteten rechteckigen Stromschiene 9 und den Wicklungen 3 sowie den Anschlußvorrichtungen der Wicklungsenden. Die über den U-förmigen Bereich 26 des Isolierteiles 25 überstehenden Enden des U-förmigen Bereiches 31 wirken zugleich als Widerlager an den Spulenkörpern 2 beim Zusammenfügen dieser Spulenkörper mit den lsolierteilen 25. Als Gegenflächen an den Spulenkörpern 2 dienen hierzu einerseits die Unterseiten 34 der Anschlußkammern 14 und ein in der Verlängerung jedes Wandteiles 16 angeformter Ansatz 35.Perpendicular to the U-shaped region 26 of the insulating part 25 formed by the side walls 27 and the bottom part 28, a further U-shaped region 31 with wall parts 32 and a bottom part 33 opens towards the opposite side. The length of this region is corresponding to that The total width of the current transformer 1 (FIG. 1) is dimensioned and accordingly extends over the width of the Fiansche 4 and 5. The U-shaped region 31 serves to extend the creepage distance between a rectangular busbar 9 indicated in FIG. 1 and the windings 3 and the connection devices of the winding ends. The ends of the U-shaped region 31 projecting beyond the U-shaped region 26 of the insulating part 25 also act as abutments on the coil formers 2 when these coil formers are joined together with the insulating parts 25. On the one hand, the undersides 34 of the connecting chambers serve as counter surfaces on the coil formers 2 14 and a projection 35 formed in the extension of each wall part 16.

Parallel zu den Seitenwänden 27 des Isolierteiles 25 sind Stege 36 vorgesehen, die in der Verlängerung der beschriebenen Leitungskanäle an den Flanschen 4 und 5 verlaufen und zur Aufnahme der Spulendrähte bzw. Anschlußleitungen dienen.In parallel to the side walls 27 of the insulating part 25, webs 36 are provided which extend in the extension of the line channels described on the flanges 4 and 5 and serve to receive the coil wires or connecting lines.

Die Isolierteile 25 können gleichfalls als Kunststoff-Spritzteile ausgebildet sein. Ihre Wandstärke kann geringer gewählt werden als die Wandstärke der Spulenkörper 2, da es im wesentlichen auf die Einhaltung elektrischer Kriechweglängen ankommt und eine nennenswerte mechanische Beanspruchung nicht auftritt.The insulating parts 25 can also be designed as molded plastic parts. Their wall thickness can be chosen to be smaller than the wall thickness of the coil former 2, since it is essential to maintain electrical creepage distances and no significant mechanical stress occurs.

Zur Herstellung des in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Stromwandlers 1 werden zunächst auf die Spulenkörper 2 in bekannter Weise Wicklungen aufgebracht. Je nach der beabsichtigten Schaltung der beiden Wicklungen werden die Wicklungsenden nur mechanisch an Zapfen 37 der Flansche 4 und 5 festgelegt oder mit in die Anschlußkammern 14 hineinragenden Anschlußstücken 40 verlötet. Anschließend werden beide Spulenkörper mit den darauf befindlichen Wicklungen mit Hilfe der Isolierstücke 25 verbunden, was aufgrund der vorgesehenen Schnappverbindung in einfacher Weise durch einen kurzzeitigen Kraftaufwand in Richtung der Pfeile 41 in Fig. 2 zu erreichen ist. Der Einbau des Eisenkernes 7 in den auf diese Weise gebildeten Rahmen erfolgt nun durch das Einführen L-förmiger Eisenbleche 42 von gegenüberliegenden Seiten ohne Überlappung, wie dies in der Fig. 2 angedeutet ist. Der geschlossene magnetische Kreis wird dadurch hergestellt, daß die beiden L-förmigen Blechpakete an ihren Stoßfugen durch eine Lichtbogen-Schweißnaht 43 verbunden werden. Die Wandteile 12 und 13 an den Außenseiten der Flansche 4 und 5 sind hierzu örtlich mit einer gegenüber der Höhe des Eisenkernes 7 verringerten Höhe ausgeführt, um den Schweißvorgang ohne Beschädigung der Kunststoffteile ausführen zu können.To produce the current transformer 1 shown in FIG. 1, windings are first applied to the bobbins 2 in a known manner. Depending on the intended switching of the two windings, the winding ends are only mechanically fixed to pins 37 of the flanges 4 and 5 or are soldered to connecting pieces 40 projecting into the connecting chambers 14. Then both bobbins are connected to the windings located thereon with the aid of the insulating pieces 25, which is due to the provided snap connection can be achieved in a simple manner by a brief effort in the direction of arrows 41 in Fig. 2. The iron core 7 is now installed in the frame formed in this way by inserting L-shaped iron sheets 42 from opposite sides without overlap, as is indicated in FIG. 2. The closed magnetic circuit is produced in that the two L-shaped laminated cores are connected at their butt joints by an arc weld 43. For this purpose, the wall parts 12 and 13 on the outer sides of the flanges 4 and 5 are designed locally with a height that is lower than the height of the iron core 7, in order to be able to carry out the welding process without damaging the plastic parts.

Bei dem Schweißvorgang genügt es, die Bleche ohne Hinzufügung eines Schweißwerkstoffes bis zur einer geringen Tiefe aufzuschmelzen. Zweckmäßig werden die Blechpakete dabei in Richtung der Pfeile 46 (Fig. 2) unter Druck gesetzt, wobei die Kräfte über die Ansätze 8 eingeleitet werden können. An den Stoßfugen der Bleche 42 entsteht somit praktisch kein Luftspalt. Da auch keine Querbohrungen für Klemmbolzen, äußere Klammern oder Niete benötigt werden, hat der Eisenkern 7 gleichbleibend gute magnetische Eigenschaften bei vergleichsweise geringem Querschnitt.In the welding process, it is sufficient to melt the sheets to a shallow depth without adding a welding material. The laminated cores are expediently pressurized in the direction of the arrows 46 (FIG. 2), the forces being able to be introduced via the lugs 8. There is practically no air gap at the butt joints of the sheets 42. Since no cross holes for clamping bolts, outer clamps or rivets are required, the iron core 7 has consistently good magnetic properties with a comparatively small cross-section.

Die gewünschte Art der Spulenschaltung kann vor oder nach Einbau des Eisenkernes vorgenommen werden, in dem beispielsweise die Wicklungsenden der einen Wicklung durch die erwähnten Leitungskanäle geführt und mit den an dem anderen Spulenkörper befindlichen Anschlußstücken 40 verlötet werden.The desired type of coil switching can be carried out before or after installation of the iron core, in which, for example, the winding ends of one winding are guided through the mentioned conduit channels and soldered to the connecting pieces 40 located on the other coil former.

Falls gewünscht, kann der mechanisch und elektrisch fertiggestellte Stromwandler 1 noch einer Lackbehandlung unterzogen werden, um das Isoliervermögen zu verbessern und den Eisenkern 7 gegen Korrosion zu schützen. Wie aus der vorstehenden Beschreibung zu entnehmen ist, ist die Herstellung des Stromwandlers 1 dadurch wesentlich erleichtert, daß die Spulenkörper mittels der Isolierteile 25 vor dem Einbau des Eisenkernes zu einem stabilen und maßgenauen Rahmen zusammengesetzt werden können. Ferner gewährleisten die Isolierteile 25 eine dauerhafte Isolierung des Eisenkernes 7 gegenüber der Stromschiene 9 und den Anschlußvorrichtungen der Wicklungsenden. Wegen der Gleichheit der Spulenkörper 2 besteht eine weitgehende Freizügigkeit hinsichtlich der Lage der Anschlußstellen, da insgesamt vier Anschlußkammern 14 zur Verfügung stehen, die auf beide Seiten des Stromwandlers 1 verteilt sind. Ebenso läßt sich der Stromwandler wegen des Vorhandensein von vier Ansätzen 8 wahlweise in der einen oder einer um 180° gedrehten Stellung befestigen. Hierzu können die Fußteile 10 auf die entsprechenden Ansätze 8 aufgeschoben werden.If desired, the mechanically and electrically finished current transformer 1 can also be subjected to a paint treatment in order to improve the insulating capacity and to protect the iron core 7 against corrosion. As can be seen from the above description, the manufacture of the current transformer 1 is considerably facilitated in that the coil formers can be assembled into a stable and dimensionally accurate frame by means of the insulating parts 25 before the iron core is installed. Furthermore, the insulating parts 25 ensure permanent insulation of the iron core 7 with respect to the busbar 9 and the connection devices of the winding ends. Because the bobbins 2 are identical, there is extensive freedom of movement with regard to the position of the connection points, since a total of four connection chambers 14 are available, which are distributed over both sides of the current transformer 1. Likewise, due to the presence of four lugs 8, the current transformer can be attached either in one position or in a position rotated by 180 °. For this purpose, the foot parts 10 can be pushed onto the corresponding lugs 8.

Bei der Durchführung der erwähnten Lackbehandlung wird durch die besondere Ausgestaltung der Anschlußkammern 14 und der Anordnung der Anschlußstücke 40 erreicht, daß die Anschlußstücke 40 von dem Tränklack nicht benetzt werden und somit eine nachträgliche Reinigung der Anschlußstücke entbehrlich ist. Die Figur 3 zeigt hierzu an dem Beispiel einer der Anschlußkammern 14, daß das zugehörige Anschlußstück 40 gegenüber der Mündung 50 zurückstehend angeordnet ist. Wird nun der fertiggestellte Stromwandler 1 (Fig. 1) in Richtung des Pfeiles 52 in das Tränkbad eingeführt, so ist die Mündung 50 der mit Anschlußstücken 40 bestückten Anschlußkammern 14 der Oberfläche 51 des Tränkbades zugewandt. Die Anschlußkammern wirken dabei als Taucherglocken, da sie nur einseitig offen ausgebildet sind. Dies verhindert eine Benetzung der Anschlußstücke mit dem Tränkmittel.When carrying out the paint treatment mentioned, the special design of the connecting chambers 14 and the arrangement of the connecting pieces 40 ensure that the connecting pieces 40 are not wetted by the impregnating paint and that subsequent cleaning of the connecting pieces is therefore unnecessary. For this purpose, FIG. 3 shows, using the example of one of the connection chambers 14, that the associated connection piece 40 is arranged so as to protrude from the mouth 50. If the completed current transformer 1 (FIG. 1) is now introduced into the impregnation bath in the direction of arrow 52, the mouth 50 of the connection chambers 14 equipped with connecting pieces 40 faces the surface 51 of the impregnation bath. The connection chambers act as diving bells, since they are only open on one side. This prevents wetting of the connectors with the soaking agent.

Claims (10)

1. A current transformer (1) having a rectangular iron core (7), in particular for low voltage power circuit-breakers, having coil forms (2) seated on limbs of the iron core (7) lying opposite one another, as well as having connecting devices (14, 40) for windings (3) on the coil forms (2) and insulating parts to insulate the iron core (7) from a conductor bar (9) to be embraced by the iron core (7), characterised in that the coil forms (2) are connected at both ends by respective insulating parts (25) and that the insulating parts (25) at least partially embrace the free limbs (45) of the iron core (7) in a U-shaped manner (region 26).
2. A current transformer according to claim 1, characterised in that the insulating members (25) at least partially embrace the conductor bar (9) over the width of the current transformer (1) in a U-shaped manner (region 31).
3. A current transformer according to claim 2, characterised in that the coil forms (2) are provided with terminal chambers (14) for the winding terminals and that these terminal chambers form abutment surfaces for the region (31) of each insulating part (25) embracing the conductor bar (9).
4. A current transformer according to claim 3, characterised in that the terminal chambers (14) are only open on one side and the terminals (40) enclosed therein stand back from the openings (50) of the terminal chambers (14).
5. A current transformer according to claim 1, characterised in that the coil forms (2) and the insulating members (25) are formed so as to interlock with one another.
6. A current transformer according to claim 3, characterised in that the U-shaped region (26) of each insulating member (25) enclosing the iron core (7) engages at both ends by overlapping in suitably formed connecting regions (24) of the coil forms (2).
7. A current transformer according to claim 6, characterised in that a form-locking snap-on connection is formed by associated depressions (30) and elevations (31) at the ends of the insulating member (25) and in the connecting regions (24) of the coil forms (2).
8. A current transformer according to claim 1, characterised in that the insulating members (25) have a rib (36) parallel to a wall section (27) laterally covering the iron core (7) to form a conductor channel.
9. A process for producing a current transformer according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that after putting the windings (3) on the coil forms (2) they are connected to form a frame by attaching the insulating members (25) and, in order to form the iron core therein, L-shaped sheets (42) are inserted without overlapping and connected at the outer edges of the butt joints by a weld bead (43).
10. A process according to claim 9, characterised in that for treatment in an impregnating bath, the mechanically complete current transformer (1) is dipped into the bath with the opening (50) of the terminal chambers (14) provided with terminals (40) facing its surface (51).
EP86730039A 1985-03-06 1986-03-04 Current transformer having a rectangular magnetic core Expired - Lifetime EP0196992B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19853508327 DE3508327A1 (en) 1985-03-06 1985-03-06 CURRENT TRANSFORMER WITH A RECTANGULAR IRON CORE
DE3508327 1985-03-06

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EP0196992A1 EP0196992A1 (en) 1986-10-08
EP0196992B1 true EP0196992B1 (en) 1988-09-28
EP0196992B2 EP0196992B2 (en) 1993-01-20

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US (1) US4700166A (en)
EP (1) EP0196992B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0630307B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3508327A1 (en)
IN (1) IN165981B (en)

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JP5285357B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2013-09-11 ミドリ安全株式会社 Current transformer
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DE102016118149A1 (en) 2016-09-26 2018-03-29 Abb Schweiz Ag transformer

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EP0196992A1 (en) 1986-10-08
US4700166A (en) 1987-10-13
DE3660846D1 (en) 1988-11-03
DE3508327A1 (en) 1986-09-11
JPS6249611A (en) 1987-03-04
IN165981B (en) 1990-02-17
JPH0630307B2 (en) 1994-04-20
EP0196992B2 (en) 1993-01-20

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