EP0187950A1 - Interrupteur à vide - Google Patents

Interrupteur à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187950A1
EP0187950A1 EP85115657A EP85115657A EP0187950A1 EP 0187950 A1 EP0187950 A1 EP 0187950A1 EP 85115657 A EP85115657 A EP 85115657A EP 85115657 A EP85115657 A EP 85115657A EP 0187950 A1 EP0187950 A1 EP 0187950A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shrink tube
insulating
parts
metal
moisture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85115657A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter Bialkoski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0187950A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187950A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a vacuum interrupter is known from GB-PS 2029643.
  • This lubricating layer must be applied very carefully, since even small voids between the shrink tube and the housing underneath can lead to corona or even spark discharges, which can destroy the adjacent dielectrics and thus the entire switching tube when the vacuum switch is in operation. Applying a lubrication layer and shrink tube with certainty bubble-free requires a relatively high level of effort.
  • a vacuum interrupter is known from European application 0077516, on the outer housing wall of which there are rubber oil-impregnated rubber bands. These rubber bands partially cover the insulating housing parts and ensure a film of silicone oil on the insulators. This prevents the formation of moisture films and suppresses leakage currents.
  • the rubber bands serve as storage for the silicone oil.
  • this embodiment is not suitable for increasing the stroke length of the shaft tube.
  • the porous rubber strips only bear against the housing wall with relatively little pressure.
  • silicone oil which by definition releases silicone oil to the environment, cavities in the dielectric inevitably arise in which discharges occur and can destroy the surrounding dielectric, if the range is not already guaranteed by the insulating parts of the housing.
  • the object on which the present invention is based consists in a particularly simple and versatile suppression of leakage currents in vacuum interrupters of the type described in the preamble of the claim and in increasing the stroke distance of the housing.
  • a shrink tube according to the invention ensures a moisture-tight connection to the insulating part. It lies so close to the insulating part that no cavity forms in which electrical discharges could form. The feared destruction of the surrounding insulation as a result of discharges in cavities is avoided by the shrink tube if it has shrunk onto it in a moisture-tight manner. This may be due to the fact that the shrink tube slowly fills the pores while shrinking and displaces any air that may be present without forming cavities.
  • the shrink tube also seals the metal cylinder moisture-tight from the surrounding atmosphere and consists of a material that protects against corrosion.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube is only moisture-tight in the area of its two end faces on the metal part or the insulating material part.
  • a considerable saving in terms of the overall length of a housing for vacuum shareholders is achieved if the housing contains at least two cylindrical insulating material parts and an intermediate metal part and if the shrink tube at least partially envelops both insulating material parts and separates them from the surrounding atmosphere in a moisture-tight manner. This means that the entire length of the metal part is also available as a creepage distance.
  • the creepage distance can be increased considerably, namely by the sum of the length of the switching chamber and the difference between the radius of the switching chamber and the radii of the insulating parts. If the heat shrink tubing covers both the insulating material parts and the metal parts in a moisture-proof manner and has a dielectric strength corresponding to the test voltage, the impact distance of the switching tube is also increased accordingly.
  • the cross-section of the shadow tube can deviate from the usual circular shape if only the shrink tube hugs the cross-section of the cylinder.
  • a relatively thin layer of insulating material, the dielectric strength of which is below the maximum test voltage for the switching tube, is sufficient if metal parts are adjacent to the insulating material part on both sides, if the insulating material layer overlaps both metal parts and the overlap of only one metal part provides the necessary minimum travel and if the insulating material layer has a dielectric strength which exceeds half of the maximum test voltage. In this case, a dielectric strength of half the maximum test voltage is sufficient, since a flashover would have to run twice through the insulating layer.
  • shrink sleeves do not have the required dielectric strength, two or more shrink sleeves can also be shrunk on top of one another.
  • the housing of a vacuum interrupter comprises an insulating part 1, which is designed as a truncated cone, and a metal part 2, which adjoins the insulating part 1 in the axial direction.
  • a shrink tube 3 is provided, which has a moisture-proof layer 4 on its inside, which can be an adhesive layer or a layer of sealing compound.
  • the shrink tube 3 overlaps the insulating material part 1 on a ring region 1 3. This prevents a rollover in air even at the highest permissible voltage loads on the switching tube and thus increases the range.
  • the shrink tube 3 has a dielectric strength corresponding to the highest permissible voltage.
  • the shrink tube 3 does not need to rest on the entire extent of the metal parts 2 in the axial direction, provided that only the edge region is connected to the insulating part 1 in a moisture-tight manner and flashovers in air are avoided by the dimensioning of the insulating part 1, that is to say the impact distance already by that Insulating part is guaranteed.
  • the moisture-tight layer 4 of the heat-shrinkable tube 2 is also advantageous to prevent corrosion, which means that a separate corrosion protection of the metal part 2 in the covered area can be omitted.
  • a shrink tube 3 connects two different insulating material parts 6, 7 of a housing of a vacuum interrupter, the insulating material parts 6, 7 preferably being ceramic tubes with a corrugated surface. Between the insulating parts 6 and 7 there is a metal part 8, which represents the actual switching chamber.
  • the shrink tube 3 rests on the two insulating parts 6 and 7 in a moisture-tight manner, but bridges the sharp edges 9 of the metal part 8 at its transitions to the actual switching chamber and thus encloses cavities with the metal part.
  • the creepage distance for electrical discharges runs over the two insulating parts 6 and 7 and the surface of the shrink tube 3. This means that the creepage distance is the sum of the length of the switching chamber and the differences between the radius of the switching chamber and the radii of the insulating parts 6, 7 extended. This enables such a vacuum interrupter to be considerably downsized.
  • the shrink tube 3 comprises a cylindrical insulating material part 10, to which a metal part 11 or 12 is connected on both sides.
  • the shrink tube 3 overlaps the metal parts 11 and 12 to such an extent that the overlap of one of the metal parts 11, 12 already ensures the minimum path for the suppression of leakage currents, and is fully moisture-tight on the metal parts and the insulating material part.
  • This embodiment enables a particularly favorable dimensioning of the shrink tube 3, since a discharge through the shrink tube would have to penetrate it twice, namely once in the area of the two metal parts 1 and 12, and increases the impact distance by the extent of the covered area on one of the metal parts 11 or 12.
  • a shrink tube can be used, the breakdown voltage of which is only slightly more than half of the maximum permissible voltage on the switching tube. If only the creepage distance is to be increased, it is sufficient in this embodiment if the insulating material part 10 is protected from the ingress of moisture by the shrink tube. In this case, the heat shrink tube does not need to be moisture-tight on the insulating material part 10 itself, provided that it only rests moisture-tight on the two metal parts 11 and 12 and can finally penetrate moisture-proof.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
EP85115657A 1984-12-14 1985-12-09 Interrupteur à vide Withdrawn EP0187950A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3445704 1984-12-14
DE3445704 1984-12-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187950A1 true EP0187950A1 (fr) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=6252825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115657A Withdrawn EP0187950A1 (fr) 1984-12-14 1985-12-09 Interrupteur à vide

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0187950A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61143916A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992006482A1 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour accroitre la rigidite dielectrique et pour ameliorer le comportement aux courants de fuite de bandes d'isolement et application de ce procede aux interrupteurs a vide
FR2679695A1 (fr) * 1991-07-26 1993-01-29 Alsthom Gec Ampoule sous vide pourvue d'une isolation electrique.
WO2006000442A1 (fr) * 2004-06-28 2006-01-05 Abb Technology Ag Chambre de commutation a vide comprenant une enveloppe de protection qui est appliquee par retraction thermique
DE102005047046A1 (de) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Bildung von Aminen oder anderer organischer Verbindungen auf Oberflächen von stickstoffisolierten Schaltgeräten und zugehöriges Schaltgerät
KR100859157B1 (ko) * 2004-06-28 2008-09-19 에이비비 테크놀로지 아게 열 수축에 의해 제공되는 보호용 슬리브를 갖는 진공스위치 챔버

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110517928B (zh) * 2019-07-13 2021-05-14 安徽伊法拉电气有限公司 一种新型真空断路器绝缘护套

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1191664A (en) * 1966-06-07 1970-05-13 Reyrolle & Company Ltd Improvements relating to Vacuum Switches
GB2029643A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-19 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vacuum circuit breakers
GB2094064A (en) * 1981-02-26 1982-09-08 Siemens Ag Vacuum switching tubes for electrical circuit breakers
EP0077516A1 (fr) * 1981-10-15 1983-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Isolateur
EP0084238A1 (fr) * 1981-12-19 1983-07-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Interrupteur à vide
DE3347741A1 (de) * 1983-12-30 1984-05-17 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Elektrischer vakuumschalter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1191664A (en) * 1966-06-07 1970-05-13 Reyrolle & Company Ltd Improvements relating to Vacuum Switches
GB2029643A (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-19 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vacuum circuit breakers
GB2094064A (en) * 1981-02-26 1982-09-08 Siemens Ag Vacuum switching tubes for electrical circuit breakers
EP0077516A1 (fr) * 1981-10-15 1983-04-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Isolateur
EP0084238A1 (fr) * 1981-12-19 1983-07-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha Interrupteur à vide
DE3347741A1 (de) * 1983-12-30 1984-05-17 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Elektrischer vakuumschalter

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992006482A1 (fr) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour accroitre la rigidite dielectrique et pour ameliorer le comportement aux courants de fuite de bandes d'isolement et application de ce procede aux interrupteurs a vide
FR2679695A1 (fr) * 1991-07-26 1993-01-29 Alsthom Gec Ampoule sous vide pourvue d'une isolation electrique.
EP0525635A1 (fr) * 1991-07-26 1993-02-03 Gec Alsthom Sa Ampoule sous vide pourvue d'une isolation électrique
US5286932A (en) * 1991-07-26 1994-02-15 Gec Alsthom Sa Vacuum bulb provided with electrical insulation
WO2006000442A1 (fr) * 2004-06-28 2006-01-05 Abb Technology Ag Chambre de commutation a vide comprenant une enveloppe de protection qui est appliquee par retraction thermique
KR100859157B1 (ko) * 2004-06-28 2008-09-19 에이비비 테크놀로지 아게 열 수축에 의해 제공되는 보호용 슬리브를 갖는 진공스위치 챔버
DE102004031089B4 (de) * 2004-06-28 2012-08-30 Abb Technology Ag Vakuumschaltkammer sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
DE102005047046A1 (de) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Bildung von Aminen oder anderer organischer Verbindungen auf Oberflächen von stickstoffisolierten Schaltgeräten und zugehöriges Schaltgerät
DE102005047046B4 (de) * 2005-09-30 2007-09-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Bildung von Aminen oder anderer organischer Verbindungen auf Oberflächen von stickstoffisolierten Schaltgeräten und zugehöriges Schaltgerät

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61143916A (ja) 1986-07-01

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19870124

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Inventor name: BIALKOSKI, GUENTER