EP0183751A1 - Dismountable composite structure intended to form a floor surface covering or similar - Google Patents

Dismountable composite structure intended to form a floor surface covering or similar

Info

Publication number
EP0183751A1
EP0183751A1 EP19850902552 EP85902552A EP0183751A1 EP 0183751 A1 EP0183751 A1 EP 0183751A1 EP 19850902552 EP19850902552 EP 19850902552 EP 85902552 A EP85902552 A EP 85902552A EP 0183751 A1 EP0183751 A1 EP 0183751A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ribs
snap
composite structure
feet
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850902552
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Paul Imbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DELATTRE, JEAN
Original Assignee
Delattre Jean
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delattre Jean filed Critical Delattre Jean
Publication of EP0183751A1 publication Critical patent/EP0183751A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/20—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units of plastics, e.g. concrete with plastics, linoleum
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
    • E04F15/02405—Floor panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
    • E04F15/02447—Supporting structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, advantageously constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed slabs, joined together, carried by feet which rest on the ground or other support surface. gue and create a vacuum between said bearing surface and the slab.
  • Removable floor coverings including a metal frame made up of tubular elements, and metal, wood or plastic slabs, capable of being fixed removably on this framework, these slabs being provided on the one of their faces with a plurality of clips which allow them to be fixed by clipping onto the said frame, through openings being formed in the slabs between the branches of the clips to allow them to be stacked during storage and transport.
  • the juxtaposed slabs are joined together by a tenon and mortise system.
  • the frame is formed of side members and cross members, which are detachably assembled together by means of clips carried by the side members, and the cross members.
  • the feet generally of frustoconical shape, are preferably hollow and open at their upper part to allow stacking of the slabs during storage and transport, so that to ensure the continuity of the paving, we are obliged to close the upper end of the feet with built-in covers.
  • the present invention has therefore set itself the aim of providing a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, which better meets the needs of practice than the floor coverings proposed in the prior art, in particular in that it eliminates the need for a metal frame, and, consequently, the need to provide members for fixing the elements of the frame to one another and for members for fixing the slabs to a frame, in that it avoids the disadvantages, and in particular the rigidity and the lack of adaptability to the conditions of the underlying bearing surfaces, of an immovable solidarity of the feet with the slabs and in that it constitutes a continuous floor covering or the like whose slabs which constitute it have a relative mo ⁇ mobility with respect to each other to match the unevenness of the underlying ground and whose feet are replaceable to adapt to the conditions - structure, inequalities, etc. - of the underlying land.
  • the subject of the present invention is a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed slabs fastened together, carried by feet to create a vacuum between the bearing surface on which the feet rest, and the paving, which feet, made of plastic material, include a hollow lower part separated from the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall the, which removable composite structure is characterized in that each slab is made of plastic and is constituted by a flat upper surface and by a lower surface reinforced by a plurality of ribs and in which is also provided at least one compor ⁇ area both projections of suitable shape for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, and in that to said zone corresponds a foot, of substantially frustoconical shape, which comprises a hollow lower part separated from the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall, which part su Southerneu ⁇ re has a central recess defined at its base par- ladi ⁇ te substantially horizontal wall and on its sides by side faces having a profile capable of snapping onto the projections that
  • the lower edge of each foot comprises a substantially horizontal peripheral flange, bearing on the underlying surface on which the composite structure is intended to be asked.
  • the lower face of one, more or all of the slabs of said structure carries several zones each comprising at least one group of projections having a profile according to the invention, for the snap-fitting of a profile foot corresponding to each of said zones.
  • one, several or all of the slabs of said structure comprise in one or more of their marginal parts, one or more areas for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, which is a partial area, that is to say an area comprising only part of the snap projections, the whole of each of the fixing zones being formed by juxtaposition of corresponding partial zones carried by adjacent slabs juxtaposed.
  • the or a zone for fixing a foot by snap-fastening comprises at least one group of ribs having a non-rectilinear profile on at least one of their lateral faces , such that the upper and lower ends of each of said ribs have a substantially equal thickness, which thickness decreases progressively from the upper end of each of said ribs, substantially to mid-height, then gradually increases, up to the lower end of each of said ribs, thus defining an obtuse angle, and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess whose lateral faces present an inner profile with a projecting obtuse angle, of shape corresponding to that of longitudinal sides, with obtuse angle profile, ribs of the aforementioned areas formed on the face in lower slabs, said upper part of the foot further comprising indentations on its upper edge to allow the mounting of a foot considered overlapping on the reinforcing ribs of the slab, adjacent to each of said
  • each zone for fixing a foot by snap-on floor, formed on the underside of a slab comprises two groups of each three snap ribs, the three ribs of one of the groups being parallel to each other and arranged perpendicular to the three ribs of the other group which are also parallel to each other.
  • said partial zone comprises a first group of three snap-fit ribs parallel to each other and a second group of snap ribs perpendicular to the ribs of the first group, said second group having only two ribs parallel to each other.
  • said partial zone comprises only two snap-fitting ribs perpendicular to each other, the juxtaposition of four partial zones each comprising two per ⁇ pendicular ribs, carried by the angle zones of four adjacent slabs, forming a complete area for fixing a foot by snap-fastening.
  • the feet also play the role of joining four adjacent tiles, while according to the previous arrangement, the feet play the role of joining two adjacent tiles.
  • the edges of the slab comprise a substantially vertical skirt whose height is substantially equal to that of the reinforcement ribs of the slab and that of the snap ribs provided in the areas for fixing the feet by snap-fastening.
  • said skirt has a non-rectilinear profile defined by an obtuse angle projecting outwards.
  • the obtuse angle that the profile of the skirt presents is between 165 and 175 °.
  • the obtuse re-entrant angle presented by the profile of at least one of the lateral faces of the latching ribs provided in the zones for fixing the legs by latching, formed on the underside of a slab is between 100 and 140 e .
  • the zone or zone "for fixing a foot by snap-fastening comprises a plurality of projections each consisting of a rod ending in a substantially hemispherical volume and with a slope which is advantageously of the order of 8 to 12 th , and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess, the upper edge of which has a lead, the assembly of the foot with the above-mentioned fixing zone being produced by snap-fitting of said overhang with the corresponding projection of said zone
  • at least a marginal part of a slab carries at least one partial zone for fixing a foot by encli ⁇ quêtage, which partial area comprises a projection com ⁇ posed of a rod ending in a volume having substantially the shape of a quarter of a sphere.
  • said projection has a non-recilinear external profile, defined by an obtuse angle projecting outwards.
  • the edges of each cune of the slabs of which the said structure is made up have recessed parts and protruding parts, the protruding parts of a slab fitting into the evi ⁇ ed parts of an adjacent slab to ensure the assembly of the slabs adjacent juxtaposed of which said structure is composed.
  • the slabs are assembled in accordance with the invention, to form said structure, either by the mortise and mortise system defined above, or by means of feet snapped into corner areas comprising ribs of snap distributed on the underside of four adjacent slabs and / or in the fixing zones carried by two adjacent marginal parts of two contiguous slabs juxtaposed, either by the tenon and mortise system and by means of the feet snapped into the corner zones and / or in the marginal parts of contiguous slabs.
  • the upper face of the feet has a non-horizontal surface whose inclination relative to the horizontal is between 12 and 20 ° and is oriented from the inside to the outside.
  • Such an inclination has the effect of imparting mobility relative to the feet snapped under the paving, so that relative mobility of the slabs relative to each other to allow the composite structure according to the invention to better absorb the unevenness of the bearing surface on which said structure rests.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to composite structures suitable for constituting floor coverings or the like, or false ceilings or the like, as well as the slabs and feet which form said structures, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the means is implemented for their realization, and the locations com ⁇ taking said structures.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view from below of an embodiment of a slab according to the present inven ⁇ tion
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along IIA-IIA and IIB-IIB of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along III-III of Figure 1
  • Figure 4 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a stand according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view along VV of Figure 4
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of another embodiment of a stand according to the present invention, of which FIG. 7 is a view in vertical section along VII-VII of FIG. 6, FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a view from below, in perspective, of a composite structure according to the invention, the slabs of which it is made are made according to another embodiment of the invention on, and beneath which are support legs
  • FIG. 9 is a partial view, from below, of another embodiment of a composite structure according to the invention, of which FIG. 10 is a view in section along XX and Xa-Xa in Figure 9.
  • the composite structure suitable for constituting a floor covering or the like in accordance with the present invention, consists of a plurality of adjacent juxtaposed slabs having characteristics which will be described below, and of feet produced separately and which are secured to the tiles are removable, by quick snap-in.
  • the slabs and the feet are both made of plastic material having high mechanical properties and in particular of a plastic material resistant to high load pressures, having a high resistance to perforation and a high modulus of elasticity.
  • plastics having such mechanical properties polypropylene should be mentioned without limitation.
  • the tiles and the feet are produced separately, preferably by molding.
  • the slab 1 shown in Figure 1 in view of under and in section along IIA-IIA and IIB-IIB in Figure 2, comprises a plate 2 whose underside is provided with stiffening ribs 3 from molding and zones 4 comprising ribs 5 and 6 for snap-fastening of the feet, also coming from molding, which also contribute to the rai ⁇ disse of the slab 1.
  • the ribs 5 and 6 have a particular profile which allows them to play the role of quick snap ribs of the feet 7.
  • the ribs 5 and 6 are shaped in such a way that one of their lateral sides 8 (9) has a profile which has the shape of an obtuse reentrant angle, preferably between 100 and 140 ° and which, in the embodiment shown as an example is sensitive ent of the order of 120 °.
  • the ribs 5 are parallel to each other and the ribs 6 which are perpendicular to them, are also pa parallel to each other.
  • the ribs 6 which are perpendicular to them, are also pa parallel to each other.
  • the slab 1 comprises nine zones 4 for fixing feet by snap-fastening.
  • the number of zones 4, and consequently the number of feet 7 of support for a slab can vary according to the constraints of use of a slab, for the same size of slab or in depending on the dimensions of the slab.
  • a small slab for example 25 cm, may be provided with only 4 or 5 feet (see Figure 5), or even less if the feet are corner feet supporting four slabs contiguous, and that a large slab, for example 50 cm, may also include either 4 or 5 feet or less if the constraints of use for which it is intended are not severe, or 9 feet, as in the figure re 1, or less or more, if it has to withstand severe constraints.
  • a slab 1 comprising nine foot snap zones can, if the constraints to which it must be subjected allow it, be provided with a number of feet 7 less than the number of zones 4 which are managed there.
  • the fact that the feet 7 and the slabs (or 10 in FIG. 8) are made separately, enables a slab 1 or 10 to be fitted with feet of different heights depending on the type and texture of the surface d 'support on which the composite structure according to the invention is intended to be placed and therefore, to change the height of the feet of the same composite structure, as required.
  • the leg 7 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which is intended to be fixed by snap-fastening in a zone 4 of the lower face of the slab 1 (or 10 of FIG. 8) comprises a hollow lower part 11, the lower edge of which is provided a substantially horizontal flange 12, bearing on the surface on which the composite structure according to the invention must be placed.
  • This hollow lower part 11 is delimited at its top by a horizontal wall 13 which carries the upper part of the foot.
  • This upper part has a recess 14 of any shape (the shape of a spherical cap shown in FIG.
  • the upper face 17 of the feet 7 is non-horizontal and has a downward slope from the inside to the outside, which is advantageously between 12 and 20 th relative to the horizontal and is, in the embodiment shown ⁇ t by way of example in Figures 4 and 5, of the order of 15 th relative to the horizontal.
  • the foot 7 is introduced into said zone 4 in such a way that the ribs 5 (6) B and 5 (6) C are inserted in the recess 14, the internal protruding profiles 16 of the side wall 15 of the upper part of the foot 7 fitting into the corresponding profiles of the ribs 5 (6) B and 5 (6) C.
  • the foot 7 is further provided on its edge upper, notches 18 intended to allow the fitting of the upper side wall 15 of the foot 7 on the stiffening ribs 3.
  • the areas 4 for fixing the feet 7 are completely inscribed in the underside of the slab 1, so that the feet 7 which snap into the areas 4 res ⁇ pectives on the underside of slab 1, support this single slab.
  • the tiles 1 are advantageously assembled together by a tenon and mortise system, sail ⁇ lantes parts (not shown) of the tiles 1 coming to fit into corresponding recesses 19 formed on the edges of the tiles 1.
  • sail ⁇ lantes parts not shown
  • the angle fixing zone may comprise only a single snap-in rib 5 and a single snap rib 6 which is perpendicular thereto, this zone then forming a partial fixing zone which is completed by the fixing zones corresponding partial of the other three slabs adjacent to the slab 10 to which the feet 77 are intended to be fixed, these four partial fixing zones then forming a complete fixing zone.
  • the four corner zones could be produced in a simplified manner with only two snap ribs perpendicular to each other, while allowing the fixing of a foot 7 in a fixing zone formed by four adjacent partial fixing angle zones.
  • the median zones located in the marginal parts 19, 20, 21, 22 of the slab 1 could also be modified so as to only have three ribs 5 (shorter than the ribs 5 in FIG. 1) and two ribs 6 perpendicular to the ribs 5, such partial fixing zones associated with partial fixing zones located in the marginal parts 19 and 20 of two adjacent slabs, being suitable for receiving a foot overlapping two adjacent slabs.
  • the snap ribs 5A and 6A of four adjacent corner zones can then be used alone for fixing a foot 7 to four adjacent slabs, for example, this allowing snapping of the feet 7 either under a single slab or under two to four adjacent slabs using a single type of molding for the slabs.
  • the slabs 1 are bordered by a skirt 23 substantially perpendicular to the face 2 of the slab and which has a non-rectilinear profile, which preferably has the shape of an obtuse angle very open towards the outside.
  • ⁇ laughing since it is preferably of the order of 165 to 175 ° and is, in the embodiment shown, of the order of 170 °. In this way, as shown in FIG.
  • two adjacent slabs, 10 for example, assembled together by a foot 7 snapped into the snap ribs 5A, 6A have a point of contact between them at 24, which allows them to relative mobility within the framework of the assembly provided by the foot 7, without however affecting the support function of the foot 7, such an embodiment having a great advantage in the event of inequality of the underlying soil, because it allows the foot 7 to play its role as an assembly means without risk of dislocation or rupture of the adjacent slabs with respect to each other.
  • the support legs according to the invention are characterized by the fact that they comprise a hollow lower part for bearing on the surface on which the composite structure according to the invention must be placed, and a upper part intended to be latched with a corresponding zone 4 of the lower face of the slabs which form one of the components of the composite structure according to the invention.
  • the foot 25 comprises a hollow lower part 26 whose lower edge is provided with a substantially horizontal flange 27 of ap ⁇ meme 'on the surface on which the composite structure con ⁇ form to the invention must be placed.
  • This hollow lower part 26 is delimited at its top by a substantially horizontal wall 28 which carries the upper part of the foot.
  • This upper part has a recess 29 of suitable shape.
  • the upper face 30 of the foot 25 has a downward slope from the inside to the outside whose angle relative to the horizontal is between 8 and 12 e and is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, of 10 e .
  • the upper end of the foot 25 is further shaped so that it comprises, at the edge of the recess 29, an overhang 31 delimited by the upper face 30 of the foot and by the horizontal on which said face 30 is inclined. - born ; this overhang 31 plays for snap-fitting with the projections of the zone 4 of the slab 1 or 10, the same role as the protruding profiles 16 which are provided with the foot 7 shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the composite structure 32 represented in FIGS. 9 and 10 comprises a plurality of adjacent slabs 33 juxta ⁇ posed more particularly, but not 1imitatively designed to be associated with the support legs 25 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • Each slab 33 comprises a plate 34 whose underside is provided with stiffening ribs 35, 40 molded and zones 36 shaped so as to allow the fixing of the support legs such as 25, by snap-fastening.
  • Each zone 36 is made up of a plurality of projections 37 whose shape is, at least in their terminal part, substantially complementary to that of the recess. ment 29 of foot 25, in that the end portion 38 of each projection 37 has a substantially hemispherical shape, approximately the shape of an inverted mushroom head, connected to the underside of the plate 34 by a rod 39; each of the projections 37 has a slope 41 relative to the vertical, which is advantageously of the order of 8 to 12 °.
  • the marginal parts 42 of the slab 33 include projections of the type of projection 43 which consists of a quarter sphere 44 connected to the edge of the plate 34 by a rod 45.
  • the external face 46 of the rod 45 and of its extension formed by the section of the quarter sphere 44 has a non-rectilinear profile which, when the adjacent slabs 33 are assembled, provides the same advantages as the profile non-straight skirts 23 of slabs 1.
  • the feet such as the feet 25 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, are fixed to the underside of the slabs by snap-fastening with the projections 37, the slope 41 of the projections 37 providing a clearance which provides the feet with certain mobility, in the limits of the labeling, to allow the adaptation of the composite structure to the conditions of the underlying surface on which said feet rest.
  • the ribbed slabs and the feet according to the invention make it possible, because of their structure, to form a composite structure of floor covering or the like, the rigidity of which is comparable to that imparted by a metal frame, without having the weight high floor coverings supported by a metal frame.
  • the number of parts that make up the composite structure is reduced to two, the tiles and the feet, which are made of plastic, preferably by molding, in attractive economic conditions, in large series.
  • the fact that mounting and dismantling ⁇ composite structures according to the invention are considerably simplified compared to the structures proposed in the prior art, and that they are produced with great rapidity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

Ladite structure est caractérisée en ce que chaque dalle (1) est réalisée en matière plastique et est constituée par une surface supérieure plane (2) et par une surface inférieure renforcée par une pluralité de nervures (3) et dans laquelle est en outre ménagée au moins une zone (4) comportant des projections de forme approprié pour la fixation de pieds par encliquetage, et en ce qu'à ladite zone correspond un pied, également réalisé en matière plastique, de forme sensiblement tronconique, qui comprend une partie inférieure creuse séparée de la partie supérieure par une paroi sensiblement horizontale. Application au revêtement de sol ou analogue.Said structure is characterized in that each slab (1) is made of plastic and is constituted by a flat upper surface (2) and by a lower surface reinforced by a plurality of ribs (3) and in which is further provided at at least one zone (4) comprising projections of a shape suitable for fixing feet by snap-fastening, and in that to said zone corresponds a foot, also made of plastic, of substantially frustoconical shape, which comprises a separate hollow lower part of the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall. Application to floor covering or the like.

Description

STRUCTURE COMPOSITE DEMONTABLE PROPRE A CONSTITUER UN REVETEMENT DE SOL OU ANALOGUE.DEMOUNTABLE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE SUITABLE FOR CONSTITUTING A FLOOR COVERING OR THE LIKE.
La présente invention est relative à une structure composite démontable propre à constituer un revêtement de sol ou analogue, avantageusement constituée par une pluralité de dalles juxtaposées, solidarisées entre elles, portées par des pieds qui reposent sur le sol ou autre surface d'appui analo¬ gue et créent un vide entre ladite surface d'appui et le dal¬ lage.The present invention relates to a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, advantageously constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed slabs, joined together, carried by feet which rest on the ground or other support surface. gue and create a vacuum between said bearing surface and the slab.
On connaît des revêtements de sols démontables com¬ prenant une ossature métallique constituée d'éléments tubu- laires, et des dalles en métal, bois ou matière plastique, aptes à être fixées de façon amovible sur cette ossature, ces dalles étant pourvues sur l'une de leurs faces d'une plurali¬ té de clips qui permettent leur fixation par clipsage sur la¬ dite ossature, des ouvertures traversantes étant ménagées dans les dalles entre les branches des clips pour permettre leur gerbage en cours de stockage et de transport. Les dalles juxtaposées sont solidarisées entre elles par un système à tenons et mortaises. L'ossature est formée de longerons et de traverses, qui sont assemblés entre eux de manière détachable au moyen de clips portés par les longerons, et les traverses. qui sont assemblées entre elles au moyen de pièces en T, com¬ portent, de même que les pièces en T, des extrémités coudées à angle droit pour former les "pieds" de la structure formant le revêtement de sol. II a également été proposé de remplacer les "pieds" d'une telle structure par des pieds creux de forme générale tronconique, en matière plastique, dont l'extrémité supérieu¬ re porte plusieurs clips ou pinces élastiques à l'aide des¬ quels les pieds sont fixés aux éléments tubulaires, longerons et traverses, qui constituent l'ossature de support des dal¬ les et qui sont assemblés entre eux au moyen d'entretoises, ou barrettes, en matière plastique, comportant à chacune de leurs extrémités un clip ou pince élastique à l'aide desquels les entretoises sont fixées aux éléments tubulaires qui for- ment l'ossature.Removable floor coverings are known including a metal frame made up of tubular elements, and metal, wood or plastic slabs, capable of being fixed removably on this framework, these slabs being provided on the one of their faces with a plurality of clips which allow them to be fixed by clipping onto the said frame, through openings being formed in the slabs between the branches of the clips to allow them to be stacked during storage and transport. The juxtaposed slabs are joined together by a tenon and mortise system. The frame is formed of side members and cross members, which are detachably assembled together by means of clips carried by the side members, and the cross members. which are assembled together by means of T-pieces, as do the T-pieces, ends bent at right angles to form the "feet" of the structure forming the floor covering. It has also been proposed to replace the "feet" of such a structure with hollow feet of generally frustoconical shape, made of plastic, the upper end of which carries several clips or elastic clamps using which the feet are fixed to the tubular elements, side members and crosspieces, which constitute the support frame of the slabs and which are assembled together by means of spacers, or bars, of plastic material, comprising at each of their ends a clip or elastic clamp with the help of which the spacers are fixed to the tubular elements which form the framework.
Toutefois de telles structures, qui comportent un grand nombre d'éléments séparés assemblables, sont extrême¬ ment complexes, ce qui rend leur fabrication complexe et re¬ lativement onéreuse et, en outre, le nombre important d'élé- ments séparés n'exclut pas les pertes de certains d'entre eux en cas de démontages et remontages répétés des revêtements de sols concernés, notamment lorsque ceux-ci sont destinés à être utilisés comme revêtements de sols de stands d'exposi¬ tions ou de foires ou en tant que revêtements de sols de ten- tes de camping ou analogues.However, such structures, which include a large number of separate assemblable elements, are extremely complex, which makes their manufacture complex and relatively expensive, and, in addition, the large number of separate elements does not exclude not the losses of some of them in the event of repeated dismantling and reassembly of the floor coverings concerned, in particular when these are intended to be used as floor coverings for exhibition stands or fairs or as camping ground coverings or the like.
C'est la raison pour laquelle, dans un souci de simplification, il a été proposé de réaliser des revêtements de sols constitués par une pluralité de dalles juxtaposées pourvues chacune d'une pluralité de pieds solidaires réalisés en une seule pièce avec la dalles correspondante, l'assembla¬ ge des dalles juxtaposées entre elles étant réalisé par un système à tenons et mortaises. Les pieds, généralement de forme tronconique, sont de préférence creux et ouverts à leur partie supérieure pour permettre le gerbage des dalles e cours de stockage et de transport, en sorte que pour assurer la continuité du dallage, on est dans l'obligation de ferme l'extrémité supérieure des pieds par des couvercles encastra bles. Une telle réalisation a cependant pour inconvénient d conférer une certaine rigidité aux dallages, qui ne sont pa aptes à épouser la forme du sol ou surface d'appui analogu et à absorber les inégalités de surface du sol ou analogue. De plus, il n'est pas possible de faire varier la hauteur de pieds en fonction des besoins, et notamment de la nature de sols sous-jacents. La présente invention s'est en conséquence donné pour but de pourvoir à une structure composite démontable propre à constituer un revêtement de sol ou analogue, qui ré pond mieux aux nécessités de la pratique que les revêtements de sols proposés dans l'Art antérieur, notamment en ce qu'elle élimine la nécessité d'une ossature métallique, et, par suite, la nécessité de pourvoir à des organes de fixation des éléments de l'ossature entre eux et à des organes de fi¬ xation des dalles sur une ossature, en ce qu'elle évite les inconvénients, et notamment la rigidité et l'absence d'adap- tabilité aux conditions des surfaces d'appui sous-jacentes, d'une solidarité inamovible des pieds avec les dalles et en ce qu'elle constitue un revêtement de sol ou analogue plan continu dont les dalles qui le constituent présentent une mo¬ bilité relative les unes par rapport aux autres pour épouser les inégalités du terrain sous-jacent et dont les pieds sont remplaçables pour s'adapter aux conditions - structure, iné¬ galités, etc - du terrain sous-jacent.This is the reason why, for the sake of simplification, it has been proposed to produce floor coverings constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed slabs each provided with a plurality of integral feet produced in a single piece with the corresponding slab, the assembly of the tiles juxtaposed between them being produced by a tenon and mortise system. The feet, generally of frustoconical shape, are preferably hollow and open at their upper part to allow stacking of the slabs during storage and transport, so that to ensure the continuity of the paving, we are obliged to close the upper end of the feet with built-in covers. However, such an embodiment has the drawback of imparting a certain rigidity to the pavements, which are not able to match the shape of the ground or similar bearing surface and to absorb the unevenness of the ground surface or the like. In addition, it is not possible to vary the height of the feet according to the needs, and in particular the nature of the underlying soils. The present invention has therefore set itself the aim of providing a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, which better meets the needs of practice than the floor coverings proposed in the prior art, in particular in that it eliminates the need for a metal frame, and, consequently, the need to provide members for fixing the elements of the frame to one another and for members for fixing the slabs to a frame, in that it avoids the disadvantages, and in particular the rigidity and the lack of adaptability to the conditions of the underlying bearing surfaces, of an immovable solidarity of the feet with the slabs and in that it constitutes a continuous floor covering or the like whose slabs which constitute it have a relative mo¬ mobility with respect to each other to match the unevenness of the underlying ground and whose feet are replaceable to adapt to the conditions - structure, inequalities, etc. - of the underlying land.
La présente invention a pour objet une structure composite démontable propre à constituer un revêtement de sol ou analogue, comprenant une pluralité de dalles juxtaposées solidarisées entre elles, portées par des pieds pour créer un vide entre la surface d'appui sur laquelle reposent les pieds, et le dallage, lesquels pieds, réalisés en matière plastique, comprennent une partie inférieure creuse séparée de la partie supérieure par une paroi sensiblement horizonta- le, laquelle structure composite démontable est caractérisée en ce que chaque dalle est réalisée en matière plastique et est constituée par une surface supérieure plane et par une surface inférieure renforcée par une pluralité de nervures et dans laquelle est en outre ménagée au moins une zone compor¬ tant des projections de forme appropriée pour la fixation des pieds par encliquetage, et en ce qu'à ladite zone correspond un pied, de forme sensiblement tronconique, qui comprend une partie inférieure creuse séparée de la partie supérieure par une paroi sensiblement horizontale, laquelle partie supérieu¬ re comporte un évidement central délimité à sa base par- ladi¬ te paroi sensiblement horizontale et sur ses côtés par des faces latérales présentant un profil apte à s'encliqueter sur les projections que comporte la ou une zone de fixation d'un pied prévu sur la face inférieure des dalles, la face supé¬ rieure des pieds présentant une surface non horizontale dont l'inclinaison est orientée de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, l'assemblage du pied avec la zone susdite étant réalisé par encliquetage du pied, par l' videment profilé de sa partie supérieure, avec les projections que comporte ladite zone correspondante de fixation du pied.The subject of the present invention is a removable composite structure capable of constituting a floor covering or the like, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed slabs fastened together, carried by feet to create a vacuum between the bearing surface on which the feet rest, and the paving, which feet, made of plastic material, include a hollow lower part separated from the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall the, which removable composite structure is characterized in that each slab is made of plastic and is constituted by a flat upper surface and by a lower surface reinforced by a plurality of ribs and in which is also provided at least one compor¬ area both projections of suitable shape for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, and in that to said zone corresponds a foot, of substantially frustoconical shape, which comprises a hollow lower part separated from the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall, which part supérieu¬ re has a central recess defined at its base par- ladi¬ te substantially horizontal wall and on its sides by side faces having a profile capable of snapping onto the projections that includes the or a fixing area of a foot provided on the underside of the slabs, the upper face of the feet having a non-hori surface zontal whose inclination is oriented from the inside to the outside, the assembly of the foot with the aforesaid zone being produced by snap-fastening of the foot, by the profiled emptying of its upper part, with the projections that said corresponding zone fixing the foot.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à l'invention, le bord inférieur de chaque pied comporte une collerette périphérique sensible- ment horizontale, d'appui sur la surface sous-jacente sur la¬ quelle la structure composite est destinée à être posée.According to an advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention, the lower edge of each foot comprises a substantially horizontal peripheral flange, bearing on the underlying surface on which the composite structure is intended to be asked.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à l'invention, la face inférieu¬ re d'une, de plusieurs ou de la totalité des dalles de ladite structure, porte plusieurs zones comportant chacune au moins un groupe de projections présentant un profil conforme à l'invention, pour l'encliquetage d'un pied de profil corres¬ pondant dans chacune desdites zones.According to another advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention, the lower face of one, more or all of the slabs of said structure, carries several zones each comprising at least one group of projections having a profile according to the invention, for the snap-fitting of a profile foot corresponding to each of said zones.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à l'invention, une, plusieurs ou la totalité des dalles de ladite structure comportent dans une ou plusieurs de leurs parties marginales, une ou plu¬ sieurs des zones de fixation des pieds par encliquetage, qui est une zone partielle, c'est-à-dire une zone ne comportant qu'une partie des projections d'encliquetage, la totalité de chacune des zones de fixation étant formée par juxtaposition de zones partielles correspondantes portées par des dalles adjacentes juxtaposées.According to another advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention, one, several or all of the slabs of said structure comprise in one or more of their marginal parts, one or more areas for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, which is a partial area, that is to say an area comprising only part of the snap projections, the whole of each of the fixing zones being formed by juxtaposition of corresponding partial zones carried by adjacent slabs juxtaposed.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à la présente invention, la ou une zone de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage comporte au moins un groupe de nervures présentant un profil non rectili- gne sur au moins une de leurs faces latérales, tel que les extrémités supérieure et inférieure de chacune desdites ner- vures présentent une épaisseur sensiblement égale, laquelle épaisseur décroît progressivement à partir de l'extrémité su¬ périeure de chacune desdites nervures, sensiblement jusqu'à mi-hauteur, puis croît progressivement, jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure de chacune desdites nervures, définissant ainsi un angle obtus, et la partie supérieure du pied correspondant comporte un évidement central dont les faces latérales pré¬ sentent un profil intérieur à angle obtus saillant, de forme correspondante à celle des côtés longitudinaux, à profil en angle obtus, des nervures des zones susdites ménagées sur la face inférieure des dalles, ladite partie supérieure du pied comportant en outre des échancrures sur son bord supérieur pour permettre le montage d'un pied considéré en chevauche¬ ment sur les nervures de renforcement de la dalle, adjacentes à chacune desdites zones de fixation des pieds, l'assemblage des pieds dans les zones susdites étant réalisé par enclique¬ tage des profils saillants d'un pied dans les profils corres¬ pondants à angle obtus des nervures des zones de fixation des pieds.According to an advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the present invention, the or a zone for fixing a foot by snap-fastening comprises at least one group of ribs having a non-rectilinear profile on at least one of their lateral faces , such that the upper and lower ends of each of said ribs have a substantially equal thickness, which thickness decreases progressively from the upper end of each of said ribs, substantially to mid-height, then gradually increases, up to the lower end of each of said ribs, thus defining an obtuse angle, and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess whose lateral faces present an inner profile with a projecting obtuse angle, of shape corresponding to that of longitudinal sides, with obtuse angle profile, ribs of the aforementioned areas formed on the face in lower slabs, said upper part of the foot further comprising indentations on its upper edge to allow the mounting of a foot considered overlapping on the reinforcing ribs of the slab, adjacent to each of said areas for fixing the feet, the assembly of the feet in the abovementioned areas being produced by enclicating the protruding profiles of a foot in the profiles corresponding to obtuse angles of the ribs of the areas for fixing the feet.
Selon une disposition avantageuse de ce mode de réalisation, chaque zone de fixation d'un pied par enclique- tage, ménagée sur la face inférieure d'une dalle, comprend deux groupes de chacun trois nervures d'encliquetage, les trois nervures de l'un des groupes étant parallèles entre elles et disposées perpendiculairement aux trois nervures de l'autre groupe qui sont également parallèles entre elles.According to an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, each zone for fixing a foot by snap-on floor, formed on the underside of a slab, comprises two groups of each three snap ribs, the three ribs of one of the groups being parallel to each other and arranged perpendicular to the three ribs of the other group which are also parallel to each other.
Selon une autre disposition avantageuse de ce mode de réalisation, dans lequel au moins une partie marginale d'une dalle porte au moins une zone partielle de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage, ladite zone partielle comprend un premier groupe de trois nervures d'encliquetage parallèles entre elles et un deuxième groupe de nervures d'encliquetage perpendiculaires aux nervures du premier groupe, ledit deu¬ xième groupe ne comportant que deux nervures parallèles entre elles. Un tel agencement convient dans le cas où un pied doit être fixé en chevauchement sous deux parties marginales adjacentes de deux dalles adjacentes.According to another advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, in which at least a marginal part of a slab carries at least one partial zone for fixing a foot by snap-fastening, said partial zone comprises a first group of three snap-fit ribs parallel to each other and a second group of snap ribs perpendicular to the ribs of the first group, said second group having only two ribs parallel to each other. Such an arrangement is suitable in the case where a foot must be fixed overlapping under two adjacent marginal parts of two adjacent slabs.
Selon encore une autre disposition avantageuse de ce mode de réalisation dans lequel au moins une partie margi- nale d'une dalle porte au moins une zone partielle de fixa¬ tion d'un pied par encliquetage, lequel mode de réalisation convient particulièrement bien aux zones d'angle des dalles, ladite zone partielle comprend seulement deux nervures d'en¬ cliquetage perpendiculaires entre elles, la juxtaposition de quatre zones partielles comprenant chacune deux nervures per¬ pendiculaires, portées par les zones d'angle de quatre dalles adjacentes, formant une zone complète de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage.According to yet another advantageous arrangement of this embodiment in which at least a marginal part of a slab carries at least one partial area for fixing a foot by snap-fastening, which embodiment is particularly suitable for areas angle of the slabs, said partial zone comprises only two snap-fitting ribs perpendicular to each other, the juxtaposition of four partial zones each comprising two per¬ pendicular ribs, carried by the angle zones of four adjacent slabs, forming a complete area for fixing a foot by snap-fastening.
Selon une telle disposition, les pieds jouent en outre un rôle de jonction de quatre dalles adjacentes, tandis que selon la disposition précédente, les pieds jouent le rôle de jonction de deux dalles adjacentes.According to such an arrangement, the feet also play the role of joining four adjacent tiles, while according to the previous arrangement, the feet play the role of joining two adjacent tiles.
Selon encore une autre disposition avantageuse de ce mode de réalisation, les bords de la dalle comportent une jupe sensiblement verticale dont la hauteur est sensiblement égale à celle des nervures de renforcement de la dalle et à celle des nervures d'encliquetage prévues dans les zones de fixation des pieds par encliquetage.According to yet another advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, the edges of the slab comprise a substantially vertical skirt whose height is substantially equal to that of the reinforcement ribs of the slab and that of the snap ribs provided in the areas for fixing the feet by snap-fastening.
Selon une modalité avantageuse de cette disposi- tion, ladite jupe présente un profil non rectiligne défini par un angle obtus saillant vers l'extérieur.According to an advantageous form of this arrangement, said skirt has a non-rectilinear profile defined by an obtuse angle projecting outwards.
Conformément à l'invention, l'angle obtus que pré¬ sente le profil de la jupe est compris entre 165 et 175°.According to the invention, the obtuse angle that the profile of the skirt presents is between 165 and 175 °.
Egalement conformément à l'invention, l'angle obtus rentrant que présente le profil d'au moins l'une des faces latérales des nervures d'encliquetage prévues dans les zones de fixation des pieds par encliquetage, ménagées sur la face inférieure d'une dalle, est compris entre 100 et 140e.Also in accordance with the invention, the obtuse re-entrant angle presented by the profile of at least one of the lateral faces of the latching ribs provided in the zones for fixing the legs by latching, formed on the underside of a slab, is between 100 and 140 e .
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à la présente invention, la ou une zone "de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage comporte une pluralité de projections se composant chacune d'une tige se terminant par un volume sensiblement hémisphérique et présen¬ tant une pente qui est avantageusement de l'ordre de 8 à 12e, et la partie supérieure du pied correspondant présente un évidement central dont la bordure supérieure comporte un sur¬ plomb, l'assemblage du pied avec la zone de fixation susdite étant réalisé par encliquetage dudit surplomb avec la projec¬ tion correspondante de ladite zone. Selon une disposition avantageuse de ce mode de réalisation, au moins une partie marginale d'une dalle porte au moins une zone partielle de fixation d'un pied par encli¬ quetage, laquelle zone partielle comprend une projection com¬ posée d'une tige se terminant par un volume présentant sensi- blement la forme d'un quart de sphère.According to another advantageous embodiment of the composite structure in accordance with the present invention, the zone or zone "for fixing a foot by snap-fastening comprises a plurality of projections each consisting of a rod ending in a substantially hemispherical volume and with a slope which is advantageously of the order of 8 to 12 th , and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess, the upper edge of which has a lead, the assembly of the foot with the above-mentioned fixing zone being produced by snap-fitting of said overhang with the corresponding projection of said zone According to an advantageous arrangement of this embodiment, at least a marginal part of a slab carries at least one partial zone for fixing a foot by encli¬ quêtage, which partial area comprises a projection com¬ posed of a rod ending in a volume having substantially the shape of a quarter of a sphere.
Selon une modalité avantageuse de cette disposi¬ tion, ladite projection présente un profil extérieur non rec¬ tiligne, défini par un angle obtus saillant vers l'extérieur. Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à l'invention, les bords de cha- cune des dalles dont se compose ladite structure présentent des parties évidées et des parties en saillie, les parties en saillie d'une dalle venant s'encastrer dans les parties évi¬ dées d'une dalle adjacente pour assurer l'assemblage des dal- les adjacentes juxtaposées dont se compose ladite structure. Les dalles sont assemblées conformément à l'inven¬ tion, pour former ladite structure, soit par le système a te¬ nons et mortaises défini plus haut, soit par l'intermédiaire de pieds encliquetés dans des zones d'angle comportant des nervures d'encliquetage réparties sur la face inférieure de quatre dalles adjacentes et/ou dans les zones de fixation portées par deux parties marginales adjacentes de deux dalles contigϋes juxtaposées, soit à la fois par le système à tenons et mortaises et par l'intermédiaire des pieds encliquetés dans les zones d'angle et/ou dans les parties marginales de dalles contigϋes.According to an advantageous modality of this arrangement, said projection has a non-recilinear external profile, defined by an obtuse angle projecting outwards. According to an advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention, the edges of each cune of the slabs of which the said structure is made up have recessed parts and protruding parts, the protruding parts of a slab fitting into the evi¬ ed parts of an adjacent slab to ensure the assembly of the slabs adjacent juxtaposed of which said structure is composed. The slabs are assembled in accordance with the invention, to form said structure, either by the mortise and mortise system defined above, or by means of feet snapped into corner areas comprising ribs of snap distributed on the underside of four adjacent slabs and / or in the fixing zones carried by two adjacent marginal parts of two contiguous slabs juxtaposed, either by the tenon and mortise system and by means of the feet snapped into the corner zones and / or in the marginal parts of contiguous slabs.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation avantageux de la structure composite conforme à l'invention, la face supérieu¬ re des pieds présente une surface non horizontale dont l'in- clinaison par rapport à l'horizontale est comprise entre 12 et 20° et est orientée de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur.According to another advantageous embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention, the upper face of the feet has a non-horizontal surface whose inclination relative to the horizontal is between 12 and 20 ° and is oriented from the inside to the outside.
Une telle inclinaison a pour effet de conférer une mobilité relative aux pieds encliquetés sous le dallage, ain¬ si qu'une mobilité relative des dalles les unes par rapport aux autres pour permettre à la structure composite conforme à l'invention, de mieux absorber les inégalités de la surface d'appui sur laquelle repose ladite structure.Such an inclination has the effect of imparting mobility relative to the feet snapped under the paving, so that relative mobility of the slabs relative to each other to allow the composite structure according to the invention to better absorb the unevenness of the bearing surface on which said structure rests.
Outre les dispositions qui précèdent, l'invention comprend encore d'autres dispositions, qui ressortiront de la description qui va suivre.In addition to the foregoing provisions, the invention also comprises other provisions, which will emerge from the description which follows.
La présente invention vise plus particulièrement les structures composites propres à constituer des revête¬ ments de sol ou analogues, ou des faux-plafonds ou analogues, ainsi que les dalles et les pieds qui forment lesdites struc- tures, conformes aux dispositions qui précèdent, les moyens is en oeuvre pour leur réalisation, et les emplacements com¬ prenant lesdites structures.The present invention relates more particularly to composite structures suitable for constituting floor coverings or the like, or false ceilings or the like, as well as the slabs and feet which form said structures, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the means is implemented for their realization, and the locations com¬ taking said structures.
L'invention sera mieux comprise a l'aide du complé¬ ment de description qui va suivre, qui se réfère aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : la figure 1 est une vue en plan de dessous d'un mo¬ de de réalisation d'une dalle conforme à la présente inven¬ tion, la figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant IIA-IIA et IIB-IIB de la figure 1, la figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant III-III de la figure 1 , la figure 4 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un mode de réalisation d'un pied conforme à la présente invention, dont la figure 5 est une vue en coupe verticale suivant V-V de la figure 4, la figure 6 est une vue en plan de dessus d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un pied conforme à la présente invention, dont la figure 7 est une vue en coupe verticale suivant VII-VII de la figure 6, la figure 8 est une vue de dessous, en perspective, d'une structure composite conforme à l'invention, dont les dalles qui la composent sont réalisées suivant un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, et sous lesquelles sont encli¬ quetés des pieds de support, la figure 9 est une vue partielle, de dessous, d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une structure composite conforme à l'invention, dont la figure 10 est une vue en coupe suivant X-X et Xa-Xa de la figure 9.The invention will be better understood using the additional description which follows, which refers to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a plan view from below of an embodiment of a slab according to the present inven¬ tion, Figure 2 is a sectional view along IIA-IIA and IIB-IIB of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a sectional view along III-III of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a top plan view of an embodiment of a stand according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view along VV of Figure 4, Figure 6 is a top plan view of another embodiment of a stand according to the present invention, of which FIG. 7 is a view in vertical section along VII-VII of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a view from below, in perspective, of a composite structure according to the invention, the slabs of which it is made are made according to another embodiment of the invention on, and beneath which are support legs, FIG. 9 is a partial view, from below, of another embodiment of a composite structure according to the invention, of which FIG. 10 is a view in section along XX and Xa-Xa in Figure 9.
Il doit être bien entendu, toutefois, que ces des¬ sins et les parties descriptives correspondantes, sont donnés uniquement à titre d'illustration de l'objet de l'invention, dont ils ne constituent en aucune manière une limitation.It should be understood, however, that these drawings and the corresponding descriptive parts are given solely by way of illustration of the subject of the invention, which they in no way constitute a limitation.
La structure composite propre à constituer un revê¬ tement de sol ou analogue, conforme à la présente invention, se compose d'une pluralité de dalles adjacentes juxtaposées présentant des caractéristiques qui seront décrites plus loin, et de pieds réalisés séparément et qui sont solidarisés avec les dalles de façon amovible, par encliquetage rapide. Les dalles et les pieds sont réalisés tous deux en matière plastique présentant des propriétés mécaniques élevées et πo- tamment en une matière plastique résistante à des pressions de charge élevées, présentant une grande résistance à la per¬ foration et un module d'élasticité élevé. Parmi les matières plastiques présentant de telles propriétés mécaniques, il y a lieu de citer non limitativement le polypropylène. Les dalles et les pieds sont réalisés séparément, de préférence par mou¬ lage.The composite structure suitable for constituting a floor covering or the like, in accordance with the present invention, consists of a plurality of adjacent juxtaposed slabs having characteristics which will be described below, and of feet produced separately and which are secured to the tiles are removable, by quick snap-in. The slabs and the feet are both made of plastic material having high mechanical properties and in particular of a plastic material resistant to high load pressures, having a high resistance to perforation and a high modulus of elasticity. Among the plastics having such mechanical properties, polypropylene should be mentioned without limitation. The tiles and the feet are produced separately, preferably by molding.
Bien qu'on n'ait représenté aux dessins qu'une seule dalle, on comprendra aisément qu'une telle représenta¬ tion n'a été faite que dans un but de simplification des des- sins.Although only one slab has been shown in the drawings, it will easily be understood that such a representation was only made for the purpose of simplifying the drawings.
La dalle 1 représentée à la figure 1 en vue de des¬ sous et en coupe suivant IIA-IIA et IIB-IIB à la figure 2, comporte une plaque 2 dont la face inférieure est pourvue de nervures 3 de rigidification venues de moulage et de zones 4 comportant des nervures 5 et 6 d'encliquetage des pieds, éga¬ lement venues de moulage, qui contribuent également au rai¬ dissement de la dalle 1.The slab 1 shown in Figure 1 in view of under and in section along IIA-IIA and IIB-IIB in Figure 2, comprises a plate 2 whose underside is provided with stiffening ribs 3 from molding and zones 4 comprising ribs 5 and 6 for snap-fastening of the feet, also coming from molding, which also contribute to the rai¬ dissement of the slab 1.
Ainsi qu'on peut le voir clairement à la figure 2, les nervures 5 et 6 présentent un profil particulier qui leur permet de jouer le rôle de nervures d'encliquetage rapide des pieds 7. Conformément à l'invention, les nervures 5 et 6 sont conformées de telle manière que l'une de leurs faces latéra¬ les 8(9) a un profil qui présente la forme d'un angle obtus rentrant, de préférence compris entre 100 et 140° et qui, dans le mode de réalisation représenté à titre d'exemple, est sensible ent de l'ordre de 120°.As can be clearly seen in Figure 2, the ribs 5 and 6 have a particular profile which allows them to play the role of quick snap ribs of the feet 7. According to the invention, the ribs 5 and 6 are shaped in such a way that one of their lateral sides 8 (9) has a profile which has the shape of an obtuse reentrant angle, preferably between 100 and 140 ° and which, in the embodiment shown as an example is sensitive ent of the order of 120 °.
Les nervures 5 sont parallèles entre elles et le nervures 6 qui leur sont perpendiculaires, sont également pa rallèles entre elles. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figurThe ribs 5 are parallel to each other and the ribs 6 which are perpendicular to them, are also pa parallel to each other. In the embodiment shown in FIG
1 , la dalle 1 comprend neuf zones 4 de fixation de pieds par encliquetage. L'on comprendra cependant aisément que l nombre de zones 4, et par conséquent le nombre de pieds 7 d support d'une dalle, peut varier en fonction des contrainte d'utilisation d'une dalle, pour une même dimension de dalle ou en fonction des dimensions de la dalle. C'est ainsi qu'un dalle de petite dimension, par exemple 25 cm, pourra n'êtr pourvue que de 4 ou 5 pieds (cf. figure 5), ou même moins s les pieds sont des pieds d'angle supportant quatre dalle contigϋes, et qu'une dalle de grande dimension, par exempl 50 cm, pourra comporter soit également 4 ou 5 pieds ou moins si les contraintes d'utilisation pour lesquelles elle es prévue ne sont pas sévères, soit 9 pieds, comme dans la figu re 1, ou moins ou plus, si elle doit supporter des contrain tes sévères. De même, une dalle 1 comportant neuf zones d'encliquetage de pieds peut, si les contraintes auxquelle elle doit être soumise le permettent, être pourvue d'un nom bre de pieds 7 inférieur au nombre de zones 4 qui y sont mé nagées. D'autre part, le fait que les pieds 7 et les dalles (ou 10 de la figure 8) soient réalisés séparément, perme d'équiper une dalle 1 ou 10 de pieds de hauteurs différente selon le type et la texture de la surface d'appui sur laquel le la structure composite conforme à l'invention est destiné à être posée et donc, de changer la hauteur des pieds d'un même structure composite, en fonction des besoins.1, the slab 1 comprises nine zones 4 for fixing feet by snap-fastening. It will however be readily understood that the number of zones 4, and consequently the number of feet 7 of support for a slab, can vary according to the constraints of use of a slab, for the same size of slab or in depending on the dimensions of the slab. Thus a small slab, for example 25 cm, may be provided with only 4 or 5 feet (see Figure 5), or even less if the feet are corner feet supporting four slabs contiguous, and that a large slab, for example 50 cm, may also include either 4 or 5 feet or less if the constraints of use for which it is intended are not severe, or 9 feet, as in the figure re 1, or less or more, if it has to withstand severe constraints. Likewise, a slab 1 comprising nine foot snap zones can, if the constraints to which it must be subjected allow it, be provided with a number of feet 7 less than the number of zones 4 which are managed there. On the other hand, the fact that the feet 7 and the slabs (or 10 in FIG. 8) are made separately, enables a slab 1 or 10 to be fitted with feet of different heights depending on the type and texture of the surface d 'support on which the composite structure according to the invention is intended to be placed and therefore, to change the height of the feet of the same composite structure, as required.
Bien que l'on ait décrit et représenté à la figur 1, des zones 4 d'encliquetage des pieds 7 comportant deu groupes perpendiculaires de trois nervures 5 et 6, l'on com prendra aisément que le nombre de nervures d'encliquetag puisse être supérieur à celui décrit et représenté, tout e demeurant dans le cadre de la présente invention, une telle augmentation du nombre des nervures d'encliquetage 5 et 6 dans les zones 4 de fixation des pieds 7 nécessitant simple¬ ment une adaptation de la structure d'encliquetage correspon- dante des pieds 7.Although we have described and shown in FIG. 1, snap zones 4 of the feet 7 comprising two perpendicular groups of three ribs 5 and 6, it will easily be understood that the number of snap ribs can be higher than that described and represented, all th remaining within the scope of the present invention, such an increase in the number of snap ribs 5 and 6 in the areas 4 for fixing the feet 7 simply necessitating an adaptation of the corresponding snap structure of the feet 7.
Le pied 7 représenté aux figures 4 et 5, qui est destiné à être fixé par encliquetage dans une zone 4 de la face inférieure de la dalle 1 (ou 10 de la figure 8) comprend une partie inférieure creuse 11 dont le bord inférieur est pourvu d'une collerette 12 sensiblement horizontale, d'appui sur la surface sur laquelle la structure composite conforme à l'invention doit être posée. Cette partie inférieure creuse 11 est délimitée à son sommet par une paroi horizontale 13 qui porte la partie supérieure du pied. Cette partie supé- rieure comporte un évidement 14 de forme quelconque (la forme de calotte sphérique représentée à la figure 5 n'est nulle¬ ment critique) dont la paroi latérale 15 comporte, au voisi¬ nage de son extrémité supérieure, un profil intérieur en saillie 16, qui présente la forme d'un angle obtus saillant, sensiblement égal à l'angle obtus du profil rentrant des ner¬ vures 5(6) des zones 4 de fixation des pieds 7 par* enclique¬ tage, ménagées sur la face inférieure de la dalle 1 (ou 10). La face supérieure 17 des pieds 7 est non horizontale et pré¬ sente une pente descendante de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, qui est avantageusement comprise entre 12 et 20e par rapport à l'horizontale et est, dans le mode de réalisation représen¬ té à titre d'exemple aux figures 4 et 5, de l'ordre de 15e par rapport à l'horizontale.The leg 7 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which is intended to be fixed by snap-fastening in a zone 4 of the lower face of the slab 1 (or 10 of FIG. 8) comprises a hollow lower part 11, the lower edge of which is provided a substantially horizontal flange 12, bearing on the surface on which the composite structure according to the invention must be placed. This hollow lower part 11 is delimited at its top by a horizontal wall 13 which carries the upper part of the foot. This upper part has a recess 14 of any shape (the shape of a spherical cap shown in FIG. 5 is not at all critical), the side wall 15 of which, near its upper end, has an internal profile protruding 16, which has the shape of a projecting obtuse angle, substantially equal to the obtuse angle of the reentrant profile of the ribs 5 (6) of the areas 4 for fixing the feet 7 by * enclique¬ floor, formed on the underside of slab 1 (or 10). The upper face 17 of the feet 7 is non-horizontal and has a downward slope from the inside to the outside, which is advantageously between 12 and 20 th relative to the horizontal and is, in the embodiment shown ¬ t by way of example in Figures 4 and 5, of the order of 15 th relative to the horizontal.
Pour sa fixation par encliquetage dans une zone 4 correspondante, le pied 7 est introduit dans ladite zone 4 de telle manière que les nervures 5(6)B et 5(6)C viennent s'in¬ sérer dans l'évidement 14, les profils saillants intérieurs 16 de la paroi latérale 15 de la partie supérieure du pied 7 venant s'adapter dans les profils correspondants des nervures 5(6)B et 5(6)C. Le pied 7 est en outre pourvu sur son bord supérieur, d'échancrures 18 destinées permettre l'emboîte¬ ment de la paroi latérale supérieure 15 du pied 7 sur les nervures de raidissement 3.For its snap-fastening in a corresponding zone 4, the foot 7 is introduced into said zone 4 in such a way that the ribs 5 (6) B and 5 (6) C are inserted in the recess 14, the internal protruding profiles 16 of the side wall 15 of the upper part of the foot 7 fitting into the corresponding profiles of the ribs 5 (6) B and 5 (6) C. The foot 7 is further provided on its edge upper, notches 18 intended to allow the fitting of the upper side wall 15 of the foot 7 on the stiffening ribs 3.
L'on obtient ainsi une dalle 1 portée par des pieds 7 encliquetés de façon amovible à la dalle 1 par l'intermé¬ diaire des nervures d'encliquetage 5 et 6 que comporte chaque zone 4 de fixation des pieds, ménagée sur la face inférieure de ladite dalle 1. L'inclinaison conférée à la face supérieu¬ re 17 des pieds donne une mobilité relative aux pieds 7 ainsi qu'aux dalles 1 qu'ils supportent, qui leur permet de s'adap¬ ter aux inégalités de la surface d'appui sur laquelle est po¬ sée la structure composite conforme à l'invention, et au ca¬ ractère plus ou moins meuble de ladite surface d'appui.This gives a slab 1 carried by feet 7 detachably snapped onto the slab 1 by the intermé¬ diary of the snap ribs 5 and 6 that each zone 4 for fixing the feet, formed on the underside of said slab 1. The inclination imparted to the upper face 17 of the feet gives relative mobility to the feet 7 as well as to the slabs 1 which they support, which allows them to adapt to the unevenness of the surface support on which is po¬ sée the composite structure according to the invention, and the more or less loose character of said support surface.
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 et 2, les zones 4 de fixation des pieds 7 sont inscrites en totalité dans la face inférieure de la dalle 1, en sorte que les pieds 7 qui viennent s'encliqueter dans les zones 4 res¬ pectives de la face inférieure de la dalle 1 , supportent cette seule dalle. Les dalles 1 sont avantageusement assemblées entre elles par un système à tenons et mortaises, des parties sail¬ lantes (non représentées) des dalles 1 venant s'insérer dans des évidements correspondants 19 ménagés sur les bords des dalles 1. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figureIn the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the areas 4 for fixing the feet 7 are completely inscribed in the underside of the slab 1, so that the feet 7 which snap into the areas 4 res¬ pectives on the underside of slab 1, support this single slab. The tiles 1 are advantageously assembled together by a tenon and mortise system, sail¬ lantes parts (not shown) of the tiles 1 coming to fit into corresponding recesses 19 formed on the edges of the tiles 1. In the embodiment shown in figure
8, trois des cinq pieds 7 sont encliquetés dans des zones 4 comparables aux zones 4 de la dalle 1 ; toutefois, il n'en est pas de même des pieds 77 prévus dans les deux zones d'an¬ gle à gauche de la figure 8 ; ces deux pieds 77 sont prévus pour s'encliqueter dans trois dalles 10 adjacentes destinées à être juxtaposées à la dalle 10. En pareil cas, la zone de fixation d'angle peut ne comporter qu'une seule nervure d'en¬ cliquetage 5 et une seule nervure d'encliquetage 6 qui lui est perpendiculaire, cette zone formant alors une zone de fi- xation partielle qui est complétée par les zones de fixation partielles correspondantes des trois autres dalles adjacentes à la dalle 10 auxquelles les pieds 77 sont destinés à être fixés, ces quatre zones de fixation partielle formant alors une zone de fixation complète. Un tel agencement permet de réduire le nombre de pieds nécessaires pour supporter une dalle et présente en outre l'avantage de réaliser l'assembla¬ ge des dalles adjacentes juxtaposées à l'aide des pieds 77.8, three of the five feet 7 are snapped into zones 4 comparable to zones 4 of the slab 1; however, it is not the same with the feet 77 provided in the two an¬ gle zones on the left of FIG. 8; these two feet 77 are provided for snapping into three adjacent slabs 10 intended to be juxtaposed with slab 10. In such a case, the angle fixing zone may comprise only a single snap-in rib 5 and a single snap rib 6 which is perpendicular thereto, this zone then forming a partial fixing zone which is completed by the fixing zones corresponding partial of the other three slabs adjacent to the slab 10 to which the feet 77 are intended to be fixed, these four partial fixing zones then forming a complete fixing zone. Such an arrangement makes it possible to reduce the number of feet necessary to support a slab and also has the advantage of making the assemblage of adjacent slabs juxtaposed with the feet 77.
Si l'on se reporte à présent à la figure 1, les quatre zones d'angle pourraient être réalisées de façon sim- plifiée avec seulement deux nervures d'encliquetage perpendi¬ culaires entre elles, tout en permettant la fixation d'un pied 7 dans une zone de fixation formée par quatre zones d'angle de fixation partielle adjacentes. Les zones médianes situées dans les parties marginales 19, 20, 21, 22 de la dal- le 1 pourraient également être modifiées pour ne plus compor¬ ter que trois nervures 5 (plus courtes que les nervures 5 de la figure 1) et deux nervures 6 perpendiculaires aux nervures 5, de telles zones de fixation partielle associées à des zo¬ nes de fixation partielle situées dans les parties marginales 19 et 20 de deux dalles adjacentes, étant propres à recevoir un pied chevauchant deux dalles adjacentes. En pareil cas, seule la zone 4 centrale recevrait un pied 7, et il ne fau¬ drait plus que l'équivalent de quatre pieds pour supporter la dalle 1, puisque les pieds d'angle ne participeraient que pour un quart au support de la dalle considérée, les pieds marginaux médians ne participeraient que pour moitié au sup¬ port de la dalle, la zone 4 centrale recevant un pied ne coo¬ pérant au support d'aucune dalle adjacente. En pareil cas, huit des pieds joueraient non seulement le rôle de supports de la dalle, mais également le rôle de moyens d'assemblage de cette dernière aux dalles adjacentes, évitant ainsi, le cas échéant, d'avoir recours à un système d'assemblage par tenons et mortaises. Il va de soi qu'un agencement des pieds propre à leur faire supporter simultanément plusieurs dalles adja- centes est possible sans modifier les zones de fixation 4 re- présentées aux figures 1 et 2, les nervures d'encliquetage 5A et 6A de quatre zones d'angle adjacentes pouvant être, alors, utilisées seules pour la fixation d'un pied 7 à quatre dalles adjacentes, par exemple, ceci permettant un encliquetage des pieds 7 soit sous une seule dalle, soit sous deux à quatre dalles adjacentes en utilisant un seul type de moulage pour les dalles.If we now refer to FIG. 1, the four corner zones could be produced in a simplified manner with only two snap ribs perpendicular to each other, while allowing the fixing of a foot 7 in a fixing zone formed by four adjacent partial fixing angle zones. The median zones located in the marginal parts 19, 20, 21, 22 of the slab 1 could also be modified so as to only have three ribs 5 (shorter than the ribs 5 in FIG. 1) and two ribs 6 perpendicular to the ribs 5, such partial fixing zones associated with partial fixing zones located in the marginal parts 19 and 20 of two adjacent slabs, being suitable for receiving a foot overlapping two adjacent slabs. In such a case, only the central zone 4 would receive a foot 7, and it would only take the equivalent of four feet to support the slab 1, since the corner feet would only participate for a quarter in supporting the slab considered, the median marginal feet would only participate for half in the support of the slab, the central zone 4 receiving a foot not cooperating with the support of any adjacent slab. In such a case, eight of the feet would play not only the role of supports for the slab, but also the role of means of assembling the latter to the adjacent slabs, thus avoiding, if necessary, having to resort to a system of Assembled by mortise and tenon. It goes without saying that an arrangement of the feet suitable for making them support several adjacent tiles simultaneously is possible without modifying the fixing zones 4 presented in FIGS. 1 and 2, the snap ribs 5A and 6A of four adjacent corner zones can then be used alone for fixing a foot 7 to four adjacent slabs, for example, this allowing snapping of the feet 7 either under a single slab or under two to four adjacent slabs using a single type of molding for the slabs.
Les dalles 1 (ou 10) sont bordées par une jupe 23 sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face 2 de la dalle et qui présente un profil non rectiligne, qui a, de préférence la forme d'un angle obtus très ouvert en direction de l'exté¬ rieur, puisqu'il est, de préférence, de l'ordre de 165 à 175° et est, dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, de l'ordre de 170°. De cette manière, comme indiqué à la figure 3, deux dalles adjacentes, 10 par exemple, assemblées entre elles par un pied 7 encliqueté dans les nervures d'encliquetage 5A, 6A présentent un point de contact entre elles en 24, qui leur permet une mobilité relative dans le cadre de l'assemblage procuré par le pied 7, sans affecter cependant la fonction de support du pied 7, une telle réalisation présentant un grand avantage en cas d'inégalité du sol sous-jacent, car elle per¬ met au pied 7 de jouer son rôle de moyen d'assemblage sans risque de déboîtement ou de rupture des dalles adjacentes les unes par rapport aux autres. Les pieds de support conformes à l'invention se ca¬ ractérisent par le fait qu'ils comprennent une partie infé¬ rieure creuse d'appui sur la surface sur laquelle la structu¬ re composite conforme à l'invention doit être posée, et une partie supérieure destinée à être encliquetée avec une zone 4 correspondante de la face inférieure des dalles qui forment l'un des composants de la structure composite conforme à l'invention.The slabs 1 (or 10) are bordered by a skirt 23 substantially perpendicular to the face 2 of the slab and which has a non-rectilinear profile, which preferably has the shape of an obtuse angle very open towards the outside. ¬ laughing, since it is preferably of the order of 165 to 175 ° and is, in the embodiment shown, of the order of 170 °. In this way, as shown in FIG. 3, two adjacent slabs, 10 for example, assembled together by a foot 7 snapped into the snap ribs 5A, 6A have a point of contact between them at 24, which allows them to relative mobility within the framework of the assembly provided by the foot 7, without however affecting the support function of the foot 7, such an embodiment having a great advantage in the event of inequality of the underlying soil, because it allows the foot 7 to play its role as an assembly means without risk of dislocation or rupture of the adjacent slabs with respect to each other. The support legs according to the invention are characterized by the fact that they comprise a hollow lower part for bearing on the surface on which the composite structure according to the invention must be placed, and a upper part intended to be latched with a corresponding zone 4 of the lower face of the slabs which form one of the components of the composite structure according to the invention.
Dans le mode de réalisation d'un pied conforme à l'invention représenté aux figures 6 et 7, le pied 25 com- prend une partie inférieure creuse 26 dont le bord inférieur est pourvu d'une collerette 27 sensiblement horizontale d'ap¬ pui' sur la surface sur laquelle la structure composite con¬ forme à l'invention doit être posée. Cette partie inférieure creuse 26 est délimitée à son sommet par une paroi sensible- ment horizontale 28 qui porte la partie supérieure du pied. Cette partie supérieure comporte un évidement 29 de forme ap¬ propriée. La face supérieure 30 du pied 25 présente une pente descendante de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur dont l'angle par rapport à l'horizontale est compris entre 8 et 12e et est, dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 7, de 10e. L'extrémité supérieure du pied 25 est en outre conformée de telle manière qu'elle comporte, en bordure de l'évidement 29, un surplomb 31 délimité par la face supérieure 30 du pied et par l'horizontale sur laquelle ladite face 30 est incli- née ; ce surplomb 31 joue pour l'encliquetage avec les pro¬ jections de la zone 4 de la dalle 1 ou 10, le même rôle que les profils en saillie 16 dont est pourvu le pied 7 représen¬ té aux figures 4 et 5.In the embodiment of a foot according to the invention shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the foot 25 comprises a hollow lower part 26 whose lower edge is provided with a substantially horizontal flange 27 of ap¬ pui 'on the surface on which the composite structure con¬ form to the invention must be placed. This hollow lower part 26 is delimited at its top by a substantially horizontal wall 28 which carries the upper part of the foot. This upper part has a recess 29 of suitable shape. The upper face 30 of the foot 25 has a downward slope from the inside to the outside whose angle relative to the horizontal is between 8 and 12 e and is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, of 10 e . The upper end of the foot 25 is further shaped so that it comprises, at the edge of the recess 29, an overhang 31 delimited by the upper face 30 of the foot and by the horizontal on which said face 30 is inclined. - born ; this overhang 31 plays for snap-fitting with the projections of the zone 4 of the slab 1 or 10, the same role as the protruding profiles 16 which are provided with the foot 7 shown in Figures 4 and 5.
Ce mode de réalisation simplifié du pied de support conforme à la présente invention constitue une variante de réalisation avantageuse, le prix de revient est plus bas que le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 4 et 5 et qui convient dans les cas où la structure composite n'est pas destinée à subir des contraintes importantes. La structure composite 32 représentée aux figures 9 et 10, comprend une pluralité de dalles 33 adjacentes juxta¬ posées plus particulièrement, mais non 1imitâtivement conçues pour être associées aux pieds de support 25 représentés aux figures 6 et 7. Chaque dalle 33 comporte une plaque 34 dont la face inférieure est pourvue de nervures de rigidification 35, 40 venues de moulage et de zones 36 conformées de manière à permettre la fixation des pieds de support tels que 25, par encliquetage. Chaque zone 36 se compose d'une pluralité de projections 37 dont la forme est, au moins dans leur partie terminale, sensiblement complémentaire de celle de l'évide- ment 29 du pied 25, en ceci que la partie terminale 38 de chaque projection 37 présente une forme sensiblement hémi¬ sphérique, approximativement la forme d'une tête de champi¬ gnon inversée, reliée à la face de dessous de la plaque 34 par une tige 39 ; chacune des projections 37 présente une pente 41 par rapport à la verticale, qui est avantageusement de l'ordre de 8 à 12°.This simplified embodiment of the support leg according to the present invention constitutes an advantageous alternative embodiment, the cost price is lower than the embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5 and which is suitable in cases where the composite structure n is not intended to be subjected to significant constraints. The composite structure 32 represented in FIGS. 9 and 10, comprises a plurality of adjacent slabs 33 juxta¬ posed more particularly, but not 1imitatively designed to be associated with the support legs 25 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Each slab 33 comprises a plate 34 whose underside is provided with stiffening ribs 35, 40 molded and zones 36 shaped so as to allow the fixing of the support legs such as 25, by snap-fastening. Each zone 36 is made up of a plurality of projections 37 whose shape is, at least in their terminal part, substantially complementary to that of the recess. ment 29 of foot 25, in that the end portion 38 of each projection 37 has a substantially hemispherical shape, approximately the shape of an inverted mushroom head, connected to the underside of the plate 34 by a rod 39; each of the projections 37 has a slope 41 relative to the vertical, which is advantageously of the order of 8 to 12 °.
Les parties marginales 42 de la dalle 33 comportent des projections du type de la projection 43 qui se compose d'un quart de sphère 44 relié au bord de la plaque 34 par une tige 45. De même que la jupe 23 des dalles 1 représentées à la figure 3, la face externe 46 de la tige 45 et de son pro¬ longement constitué par la section du quart de sphère 44, présente un profil non rectiligne qui, lorsque les dalles 33 adjacentes sont assemblées, procure les mêmes avantages que le profil non rectiligne des jupes 23 des dalles 1.The marginal parts 42 of the slab 33 include projections of the type of projection 43 which consists of a quarter sphere 44 connected to the edge of the plate 34 by a rod 45. As is the skirt 23 of the slabs 1 shown at FIG. 3, the external face 46 of the rod 45 and of its extension formed by the section of the quarter sphere 44, has a non-rectilinear profile which, when the adjacent slabs 33 are assembled, provides the same advantages as the profile non-straight skirts 23 of slabs 1.
Les pieds, tels que les pieds 25 représentés aux figures 6 et 7, sont fixés à la face inférieure des dalles par encliquetage avec les projections 37, la pente 41 des projections 37 procurant un jeu qui assure aux pieds une cer¬ taine mobilité, dans les limites de 1'encliquetage, pour per¬ mettre l'adaptation de la structure composite aux conditions de la surface sous-jacente sur laquelle reposent lesdits pieds. Les dalles nervurées et les pieds conformes à l'in¬ vention permettent, en raison de leur structure, de former une structure composite de revêtement de sol ou analogue dont la rigidité est comparable à celle conférée par une ossature de métal, sans avoir le poids élevé des revêtements de sol portés par une ossature métallique. En outre, le nombre des pièces qui constituent la structure composite est réduit à deux, les dalles et les pieds, qui sont réalisés en matière plastique, de préférence par moulage, dans des conditions économiques intéressantes, en grandes séries. Aux avantages qui précèdent vient s'ajouter le fait que le montage et le démontage des χstructures composites conformes à l'invention sont considérablement simplifiés par rapport aux structures proposées dans l'Art antérieur, et qu'ils sont réalisés avec une grande rapidité. De plus, étant donné la grande souplesse d'utilisation due aux diverses possibilités de positionnement des pieds sous une même dalle, il est possible d'adapter les dimensions des dalles, par découpage sur le chantier par exemple, pour répondre aux exigences des formes des surfaces à revêtir, sans que soit altérée en aucune manière la fonc- tion de revêtement de sol ou analogue des structure.s composi¬ tes démontables conformes à l'invention.The feet, such as the feet 25 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, are fixed to the underside of the slabs by snap-fastening with the projections 37, the slope 41 of the projections 37 providing a clearance which provides the feet with certain mobility, in the limits of the labeling, to allow the adaptation of the composite structure to the conditions of the underlying surface on which said feet rest. The ribbed slabs and the feet according to the invention make it possible, because of their structure, to form a composite structure of floor covering or the like, the rigidity of which is comparable to that imparted by a metal frame, without having the weight high floor coverings supported by a metal frame. In addition, the number of parts that make up the composite structure is reduced to two, the tiles and the feet, which are made of plastic, preferably by molding, in attractive economic conditions, in large series. In addition to the above advantages, the fact that mounting and dismantling χ composite structures according to the invention are considerably simplified compared to the structures proposed in the prior art, and that they are produced with great rapidity. In addition, given the great flexibility of use due to the various possibilities of positioning the feet under the same slab, it is possible to adapt the dimensions of the slabs, by cutting on the site for example, to meet the requirements of the shapes of the surfaces to be coated, without being in any way altered the function of floor covering or the like of the removable structure.s composi¬ your according to the invention.
Ainsi que cela ressort de ce qui précède, l'inven¬ tion ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes de réalisa¬ tion et d'application qui viennent d'être décrits de façon plus explicite ; elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les va¬ riantes qui peuvent venir à l'esprit du technicien en la ma¬ tière, sans s'écarter du cadre, ni de la portée de la présen¬ te invention. As is apparent from the above, the invention is in no way limited to those of its embodiments and of application which have just been described more explicitly; on the contrary, it embraces all the variations which may come to mind of the technician in the field, without departing from the scope or the scope of the present invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1°) Structure composite démontable propre à consti tuer un revêtement de sol ou analogue, comprenant une plura lité de dalles juxtaposées solidarisées entre elles, portée par des pieds pour créer un vide entre la surface d'appui su laquelle reposent les pieds, et le dallage, lesquels pieds réalisés en matière plastique, comprennent une partie infé rieure creuse séparée de la partie supérieure par une paro sensiblement horizontale, laquelle structure composite démon table est caractérisée en ce que chaque dalle (1, 10, 33) es réalisée en matière plastique et est constituée par une sur face supérieure plane (2, 34) et par une surface inférieur renforcée par une pluralité de nervures (3, 35, 40) et dan laquelle est en outre ménagée au moins une zone (4, 36) com portant des projections de forme appropriée pour la fixatio des pieds par encliquetage, et en ce qu'à ladite zone corres pond un pied (7, 25), de forme sensiblement tronconique, com prenant une partie inférieure creuse (11, 26) séparée de l partie supérieure par une paroi (13, 28) sensiblement hori zontale, laquelle partie supérieure comporte un évidemen central (14, 29) délimité à sa base par ladite paroi sensi blement horizontale (13, 28) et sur ses côtés par des face latérales présentant un profil apte à s'encliqueter sur les projections que comporte la ou une zone de fixation d'un pie prévu sur la face inférieure des dalles, la face supérieure (17) des pieds (7, 25) présentant une surface non horizontal dont l'inclinaison est orientée de l'intérieur vers l'exté rieur, l'assemblage du pied avec la zone susdite étant réali sé par encliquetage du pied, par 1'évidement profilé de sa partie supérieure, avec les projections que comporte ladite zone correspondante de fixation du pied.1 °) Demountable composite structure suitable for constituting a floor covering or the like, comprising a plurality of juxtaposed slabs joined together, carried by feet to create a vacuum between the support surface on which the feet rest, and the paving, which feet made of plastic material, comprise a hollow lower part separated from the upper part by a substantially horizontal wall, which composite structure demon table is characterized in that each slab (1, 10, 33) is made of material plastic and is constituted by a flat upper surface (2, 34) and by a lower surface reinforced by a plurality of ribs (3, 35, 40) and in which at least one zone (4, 36) is also provided. carrying projections of suitable shape for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, and in that in said zone corresponds a foot (7, 25), of substantially frustoconical shape, including nant a hollow lower part (11, 26) separated from the upper part by a wall (13, 28) substantially horizontal, which upper part comprises a central recess (14, 29) delimited at its base by said substantially horizontal wall ( 13, 28) and on its sides by lateral faces having a profile capable of snapping onto the projections that the or a fixing area of a magpie provided on the underside of the slabs, the upper face (17) of the feet (7, 25) having a non-horizontal surface whose inclination is oriented from the inside to the outside, the assembly of the foot with the aforementioned area being carried out by snap-fastening of the foot, by the profiled recess of its upper part, with the projections that comprises said corresponding foot fixing area.
2°) Structure composite démontable selon la reven¬ dication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le bord inférieur de cha¬ que pied (7) comporte une collerette (12) périphérique sensi- blement horizontale, d'appui sur la surface sous-jacente sur laquelle la structure composite est destinée à être posée.2) Removable composite structure according to Reven¬ dication 1, characterized in that the lower edge of each leg (7) comprises a substantially horizontal peripheral flange (12), bearing on the underlying surface on which the composite structure is intended to be laid.
3°) Structure composite selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la face inférieure d'une, de plusieurs ou de la totalité des dalles (1 ou 10) de ladite structure, porte plusieurs zones comportant chacune au moins un groupe de projections présentant un profil (8, 9) en angle obtus rentrant, pour l'encliquetage d'un pied (7) de profil corres¬ pondant dans chacune desdites zones.3 °) composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the underside of one, several or all of the slabs (1 or 10) of said structure, carries several zones each comprising at least one group of projections having a profile (8, 9) in obtuse angle returning, for the snap of a foot (7) of corres¬ ponding profile in each of said zones.
4e ) Structure composite selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que une, plusieurs ou la totalité des dal¬ les (1 ou 10) de ladite structure comportent dans une ou plu¬ sieurs de leurs parties marginales (19, 20, 21, 22), une ou plusieurs des zones de fixation des pieds par encliquetage, qui est une zone partielle, c'est-à-dire une zone ne compor- tant qu'une partie des projections d'encliquetage, la totali¬ té de chacune des zones (4) de fixation étant formée par jux¬ taposition de zones partielles correspondantes portées par des dalles (1 ou 10) adjacentes juxtaposées.4 e ) composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that one, several or all of the dal¬ les (1 or 10) of said structure comprise in one or more of their marginal parts (19, 20, 21, 22), one or more of the areas for fixing the feet by snap-fastening, which is a partial area, that is to say an area comprising only part of the snap-on projections, the totality of each fixing zones (4) being formed by jux¬ taposition of corresponding partial zones carried by adjacent slabs (1 or 10) juxtaposed.
5e) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la ou une zone (4) de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage comporte au moins un groupe de nervures présentant un profil non rectiligne sur au moins une de leurs faces latérales, tel que les extrémités supérieure et inférieure de chacune desdites nervures présen- tent une épaisseur sensiblement égale, laquelle épaisseur dé¬ croît progressivement à partir de l'extrémité supérieure de chacune desdites nervures, sensiblement jusqu'à mi-hauteur, puis croît progressivement, jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure de chacune desdites nervures, définissant ainsi un angle obtus, et la partie supérieure du pied correspondant comporte un évidement central (14) dont les faces latérales (15) présen¬ tent un profil intérieur (16) à angle obtus saillant, de for¬ me correspondante à celle des côtés longitudinaux (8, 9), à profil en angle obtus, des nervures des zones (4) susdites ménagées sur la face inférieure des dalles (1, 10), ladite partie supérieure du pied comportant en outre des échancrures (18) sur son bord supérieur pour permettre le montage d'un pied (7) considéré en chevauchement sur les nervures de ren¬ forcement (3) de la dalle (1, 10), adjacentes à chacune des- dites zones (4) de fixation des pieds, l'assemblage des pieds (7) dans les zones (4) susdites étant réalisé par encliqueta¬ ge des profils saillants (16) d'un pied (7) dans les profils correspondants à angle obtus des nervures (5, 6) des zones de fixation des pieds. 6e) Structure composite selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque zone (4) de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage, ménagée sur la face inférieure d'une dalle, comprend deux groupes de chacun trois nervures d'encliqueta¬ ge, les trois nervures (5) de l'un des groupes étant parallè- les entre elles et disposées perpendiculairement aux trois nervures (6) de l'autre groupe qui sont également parallèles entre elles.5 e ) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or one zone (4) for fixing a foot by snap-fastening comprises at least one group of ribs having a non-rectilinear profile on at least one of their lateral faces, such that the upper and lower ends of each of said ribs have a substantially equal thickness, which thickness gradually decreases from the upper end of each of said ribs, substantially to mid-height , then gradually increases, up to the lower end of each of said ribs, thus defining an obtuse angle, and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess (14) whose lateral faces (15) have an inner profile (16) with a projecting obtuse angle, of shape corresponding to that of the longitudinal sides (8, 9), with an obtuse angle profile, ribs of the above areas (4) your formed on the underside of the slabs (1, 10), said upper part of the foot further comprising notches (18) on its upper edge to allow the mounting of a foot (7) considered overlapping on the reinforcement ribs (3) of the slab (1, 10), adjacent to each of said zones (4) for fixing the feet, the assembly of the feet (7) in the above-mentioned zones (4) being produced by latching salient profiles (16) of a foot (7) in the profiles corresponding to obtuse angle of the ribs (5, 6) of the fixing areas of the feet. 6 e ) composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that each zone (4) for fixing a foot by snap, formed on the underside of a slab, comprises two groups of each three snap ribs , the three ribs (5) of one of the groups being parallel to one another and arranged perpendicular to the three ribs (6) of the other group which are also parallel to each other.
7e) Structure composite selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite zone partielle comprend un pre- mier groupe de trois nervures (5) d'encliquetage parallèles entre elles et un deuxième groupe de nervures d'encliquetage (6) perpendiculaires aux nervures du premier groupe, ledit deuxième groupe ne comportant que deux nervures parallèles entre elles. 8°) Structure composite selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle la zone partielle de fixation se trouve dans une zone d'angle de la dalle, caractérisée en ce que ladite zone partielle comprend seulement deux nervures (5, 6) d'en¬ cliquetage perpendiculaires entre elles, la juxtaposition de quatre zones partielles comprenant chacune deux nervures per¬ pendiculaires, portées par les zones d'angle de quatre dalles adjacentes, formant une zone complète de fixation d'un pied par encliquetage.7 e ) composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that said partial zone comprises a first group of three snap ribs (5) parallel to each other and a second group of snap ribs (6) perpendicular to the ribs of the first group, said second group having only two ribs parallel to each other. 8 °) composite structure according to claim 5, in which the partial fixing zone is located in a corner zone of the slab, characterized in that said partial zone comprises only two ribs (5, 6) of snap-fitting perpendicular to each other, the juxtaposition of four partial zones each comprising two per¬ pendicular ribs, carried by the corner zones of four adjacent slabs, forming a complete zone for fixing a foot by snap-fastening.
9°) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les bords de la dalle (1 ou 10) comportent une jupe (23) sensiblement verti¬ cale dont la hauteur est sensiblement égale à celle des ner¬ vures de renforcement (3) de la dalle et à celle des nervures d'encliquetage (5, 6) prévues dans les zones (4) de fixation des pieds (7) par encliquetage.9 °) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the edges of the slab (1 or 10) comprise a skirt (23) substantially verti¬ wedge whose height is substantially equal to that of the reinforcing ribs (3) of the slab and that of the latching ribs (5, 6) provided in the areas (4) for fixing the feet (7) by snap-fastening.
10e) Structure composite selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite jupe (23) présente un profil non rectiligne défini par un angle obtus saillant vers l'ex¬ térieur. 11e) Structure composite selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que l'angle obtus que présente le profil de la jupe est compris entre 165 et 175e.10 e ) composite structure according to claim 9, characterized in that said skirt (23) has a non-rectilinear profile defined by an obtuse angle projecting towards the outside. 11 e ) composite structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the obtuse angle presented by the profile of the skirt is between 165 and 175 e .
12e) Structure composite selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'angle obtus rentrant que présente le profil d'au moins l'une des faces latérales (8, 9) des nervu¬ res (5, 6) d*encliquetage prévues dans les zones (4) de fixa¬ tion des pieds (7) par encliquetage, ménagées sur la face in¬ férieure d'une dalle, est compris entre 100 et 140e.12 e ) composite structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the obtuse reentrant angle that has the profile of at least one of the side faces (8, 9) of the ribs (5, 6) d * snap provided in the areas (4) for fixing the feet (7) by snap-fastening, formed on the lower face of a slab, is between 100 and 140 e .
13e) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la ou une zone13 e ) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the or a zone
(36) de fixation d'un pied (25) par encliquetage comporte une pluralité de projections (37) se composant chacune d'une tige(36) for fixing a foot (25) by snap-fastening comprises a plurality of projections (37) each consisting of a rod
(39) se terminant par un volume sensiblement hémisphérique et présentant une pente (41) qui est avantageusement de l'ordre de 8 à 12e, et la partie supérieure du pied correspondant présente un évidement central (29) dont la bordure supérieure comporte un surplomb (31), l'assemblage du pied (25) avec la zone (36) de fixation susdite étant réalisé par encliquetage dudit surplomb (31) avec la projection (37) correspondante de ladite zone.(39) ending in a substantially hemispherical volume and having a slope (41) which is advantageously of the order of 8 to 12 e , and the upper part of the corresponding foot has a central recess (29) whose upper edge has a overhang (31), the assembly of the foot (25) with the area (36) of said fixing being produced by snap-fitting of said overhang (31) with the corresponding projection (37) of said area.
14e) Structure composite selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que au moins une partie marginale (42) d'une dalle (33) porte au moins une zone partielle de fixa¬ tion d'un pied (25) par encliquetage, laquelle zone partielle comprend une projection (43) composée d'une tige (45) se ter- inant par un volume (44) présentant sensiblement la forme d'un quart de sphère.14 e ) composite structure according to claim 13, characterized in that at least a marginal part (42) of a slab (33) carries at least a partial area for fixing a foot (25) by snap-fastening, which partial area includes a projection (43) composed of a rod (45) inant by a volume (44) having substantially the shape of a quarter of a sphere.
15e) Structure composite selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que ladite projection présente un profil (46) extérieur non rectiligne, défini par un angle obtus saillant vers l'extérieur.15 e ) composite structure according to claim 14, characterized in that said projection has a non-rectilinear external profile (46) defined by an obtuse angle projecting outwards.
16°) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que les bords de chacune des dalles dont se compose ladite structure, présen- tent des parties évidées (19) et des parties en saillie, les parties en saillie d'une dalle (1 ou 10) venant s'encastrer dans les parties évidées (19) d'une dalle (1 ou 10) adjacente pour assurer l'assemblage des dalles adjacentes juxtaposées dont se compose ladite structure. 17°) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce que les dalles (1, 10, 33) sont assemblées par l'intermédiaire des pieds (7) en¬ cliquetés dans des zones de fixation partielle par enclique¬ tage, adjacentes, de dalles contigϋes juxtaposées. 18e) Structure composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce que la face supé¬ rieure (17) des pieds (7, 25) qui présente une surface non horizontale est inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale d'un an¬ gle compris entre 8 et 20e. 16 °) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the edges of each of the slabs of which said structure is made up, have recessed parts (19) and protruding parts, the parts in projection of a slab (1 or 10) which fits into the recessed parts (19) of an adjacent slab (1 or 10) to assemble the adjacent juxtaposed slabs of which said structure is made up. 17 °) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the slabs (1, 10, 33) are assembled by means of the feet (7) snapped in areas of partial fixing by adjoining floor, adjacent, contiguous slabs juxtaposed. 18 e ) composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the upper face (17) of the feet (7, 25) which has a non-horizontal surface is inclined relative to the horizontal d 'an angle between 8 and 20 e .
EP19850902552 1984-05-21 1985-05-13 Dismountable composite structure intended to form a floor surface covering or similar Withdrawn EP0183751A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8407856 1984-05-21
FR8407856A FR2564509A1 (en) 1984-05-21 1984-05-21 REMOVABLE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE SUITABLE FOR CONSTITUTING A FLOORING OR THE LIKE

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183751A1 true EP0183751A1 (en) 1986-06-11

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ID=9304199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850902552 Withdrawn EP0183751A1 (en) 1984-05-21 1985-05-13 Dismountable composite structure intended to form a floor surface covering or similar

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EP (1) EP0183751A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2564509A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985005397A1 (en)

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DE3837849A1 (en) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-10 Rheinhold & Mahla Gmbh FORMWORK PANEL FOR USE AS LOST FORMWORK FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A Ceiling
USRE35369E (en) * 1989-02-03 1996-11-05 Guilford (Delaware) Inc. Flooring system especially designed for facilities which house data processing equipment
FR2642782B1 (en) * 1989-02-03 1993-02-26 Ducroux Alain FLOOR STRUCTURE, IN PARTICULAR FOR PREMISES PROVIDED WITH COMPUTER EQUIPMENT
GB9004795D0 (en) * 1990-03-02 1990-04-25 Macleod Iain M Cover for grassed area
FR2683573B1 (en) * 1992-11-25 1996-03-08 Ducroux Alain FLOOR STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY FOR PREMISES PROVIDED WITH COMPUTER EQUIPMENT.
CN1074081C (en) * 1993-03-31 2001-10-31 莫里斯·贝尔贝诺特 Raised floor with modular slabs
FR2703384B1 (en) * 1993-03-31 1995-06-16 Belbenoit Maurice Removable raised floor obtained from triangular tiles.
US5499476A (en) * 1993-08-31 1996-03-19 Interface, Inc. Low profile raised panel flooring with metal support structure
US5675950A (en) * 1994-03-25 1997-10-14 Guilford (Delaware), Inc. Metal support framework for low profile raised panel flooring
USRE39097E1 (en) 1994-03-25 2006-05-23 Guildford (Delaware), Inc. Metal support framework for low profile raised panel flooring
US5713168A (en) * 1994-03-25 1998-02-03 Guilford (Delaware), Inc. Junction box for low profile raised panel flooring
FR2799770B1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2003-04-04 Martine Griguer PREFABRICATED COATING SYSTEM WITH POLYETHYLENE PLATES FORMING PROTECTION FOR LAWN AND ALLOWING PLATFORMS TO BE RECEIVED FROM THE PUBLIC OR HEAVY EQUIPMENT

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FR2483990A1 (en) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-11 Bolle Jean Pierre Interlocked surface for floors - consists of square plastics slabs clipped together by connecting cups

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Also Published As

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WO1985005397A1 (en) 1985-12-05
FR2564509A1 (en) 1985-11-22

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