EP0183155B1 - Elévateur de liquide automatique - Google Patents

Elévateur de liquide automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0183155B1
EP0183155B1 EP85114584A EP85114584A EP0183155B1 EP 0183155 B1 EP0183155 B1 EP 0183155B1 EP 85114584 A EP85114584 A EP 85114584A EP 85114584 A EP85114584 A EP 85114584A EP 0183155 B1 EP0183155 B1 EP 0183155B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
working chamber
storage tank
raising device
working
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85114584A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0183155A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Funk
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85114584T priority Critical patent/ATE39974T1/de
Publication of EP0183155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0183155A1/fr
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Publication of EP0183155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0183155B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/02—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped using both positively and negatively pressurised fluid medium, e.g. alternating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic liquid elevator with a storage container, a closed working container arranged below the storage container, and a closed suction container arranged above the storage container and a liquid outlet connected to the suction container.
  • the underside of the working container is connected to a liquid discharge line which is led downwards over a predetermined length and on its upper side to a negative pressure line leading into the suction container, and the storage container is connected to the working container via a liquid inlet line.
  • the suction container is connected to a suction pipe, and a first shut-off device which closes or releases the liquid inlet line, depending on the filling state of the working container, is arranged on the liquid inlet line, while a second shut-off device, which acts as a vacuum safety device, is arranged between the suction container and the liquid outlet .
  • Such liquid elevators are generally known and described for example in DE-PS 377 967. They are based on the basic principle that a vacuum is generated in the closed working container by the outflow of the liquid, which is transferred via the vacuum line into the higher-lying suction container and can be used to raise a liquid from a lower level of the suction container. As a result of the afterflow of liquid from the storage container into the working container, an overpressure is again generated in it, which is also transmitted via the vacuum line into the suction container and serves to push the liquid lifted into the suction container through the liquid outlet. It is thus possible with such devices to automatically lift liquid from a lower level to a higher level in intermittent operation, the liquid present in or flowing into the storage container serving as the working liquid.
  • the well-known liquid elevator has the disadvantage that it is provided with a series of U-shaped tubes lying outside the container, which serve as liquid closures and shut-off devices, which takes up a large amount of space and that the first shut-off device, which is the inlet controls from the storage container into the working container, by means of which the liquid flowing out of the liquid drain line is actuated, which is cumbersome, costs energy and increases the space requirement even further.
  • the object of the invention was to improve an automatic liquid elevator of the type described above so that it can be built extremely compact and space-saving. This creates the prerequisites for fully utilizing the advantages of such a liquid elevator operating without external energy, which controls itself and works with few moving parts.
  • the liquid elevator works with float-controlled inlet and outlet valves on the work tank, so that the inlet and outlet control is directly dependent on the liquid level in the work tank.
  • valve plate on the inlet valve is designed as a membrane, the edges of which are tightly connected to the upper side of the partition between the storage container and the working container, the space below the membrane being connected via an opening in the partition to the Interior of the working container is coupled.
  • the membrane is another membrane within the working container, the edges of which are tightly connected to the underside of the partition.
  • the structure of the liquid elevator is extremely compact and space-saving in all the embodiments described below. In this way, the smallest possible embodiment of the liquid elevator, for example in the household.
  • a particular advantage here is that the working fluid and the fluid conveyed can, but do not have to, be identical. Inferior water, for example, or rainwater accumulating on the roof of a house, for example, can be used as the working fluid to raise a higher quality water to a higher level without requiring a lot of energy.
  • the liquid elevator according to the invention can be constructed from different materials.
  • Containers and lines can be made of metal or plastic.
  • embodiments with tanks made of reinforced concrete are also conceivable.
  • the liquid elevator shown in FIG. 1 has a closed working container 1. Immediately above the working container 1 there is a storage container 3 which is separated from the working container by a partition 3a.
  • the working liquid which can be water, for example, is collected in the storage container 3. It is indicated by the water level W and can continuously flow into the reservoir from devices that are not shown.
  • a liquid supply line 6 is led into the storage container 3 and bent there in a U-shape such that its inlet opening 6a, which forms a valve seat, points downward in the direction of the working container 1.
  • the underside of the working container 1 is connected to a liquid drain line 5, the upward-facing inlet opening 5a of which is designed as a valve seat and the outlet opening 5b of which is below the inlet opening 5a by a predetermined height Hu.
  • a float 9 is arranged in the working container 1 and slidably engages around a valve rod 10.
  • the valve rod 10 is passed through the partition 3a between the working container 1 and the storage container 3, the passage channel being sealed against the passage of liquid by means of a sealing bellows 12.
  • a valve plate 13 is arranged inside the storage container 3 opposite the valve seat 6a.
  • a valve plate 14 is arranged in the working container 1 opposite the valve seat 5a.
  • a stop plate 11 is fixedly arranged in the working container 1 above the float 9 on the valve rod 10.
  • a vacuum line 7 is also connected, which is led from above into a closed suction container 2 arranged above the storage container 3.
  • the suction container 2 has on its underside a liquid outlet 2a, which can be closed with a non-return valve 16 acting as a vacuum safety device.
  • the suction container 2 is connected via a check valve 15 to an intake pipe 8 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is introduced into the storage container 3.
  • the suction pipe 8 can also be led into any other liquid container from which liquid is to be lifted.
  • the suction container 2 is arranged inside a prey container 4, into which, as explained in more detail below, the raised liquid is dispensed.
  • this loot container 4 is not absolutely necessary, especially when an intermittent outflow of the liquid from the liquid outlet 2a is not disruptive.
  • the prey container 4 is likewise closed all round and has an air outlet opening 4a on its upper side, which can be closed by a float 17 guided on a guide track 18 when the water level rises in order to prevent the prey container 4 from overflowing.
  • the storage container 3 has an overflow with an overflow opening 19a, to which an overflow pipe 19 connects, which is guided downwards and into which the liquid drain line 5 led downwards from the working container 1 opens out, that the outlet opening 5b is located within the overflow pipe 19.
  • This embodiment is also not mandatory.
  • any overflow that may be present on the storage container 3 can also be discharged differently.
  • the overflow pipe 19 is omitted and on the other hand the outlet opening 5b is closed with a hydraulic closure 20 which prevents air bubbles from penetrating into the liquid drain line 5 from below.
  • the variant according to FIG. 3 represents a combination of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the liquid drain line 5 is in turn led into the overflow pipe 19 and also closed at its lower end with a hydraulic closure 20, above the outlet opening 5b there is provided a cover 21 which is conical in its upper region and which results in a narrowing of the outer cross section in the overflow pipe 19. As explained further below, this produces an injector effect.
  • a ventilation valve 22 it may be expedient to connect the interior of the working container 1 to the exterior via a ventilation valve 22.
  • the actuating member 22a of the 'ventilation valve 22 lies in the path of the float 9 directly in front of the lower valve plate 14, which also serves as a stop for the float 9.
  • the working fluid flows from the storage container 3 into the working container 1 and lifts the float 9. This slides up on the valve rod 10 and finally abuts the stop plate 11. If the water level continues to rise, the float 9 pushes the stop plate 11 upwards and the valve plate 13 sits on the valve seat 6a, which interrupts the inflow. At the same time, the valve plate 14 is thereby lifted off the valve seat 5a and the drain is opened.
  • the suction container 2 may be as much higher than the water level W in the reservoir 3 as the inlet opening 5a of the liquid discharge line 5 is above the outlet opening 5b. According to generally known principles, this height can be around 10 m for water as working and prey liquid under normal conditions.
  • the float 9 moves downward and finally sits on the valve plate 14 from above and presses it onto the valve seat 5a, whereby the drain is closed again.
  • the ventilation valve 22 is actuated, as a result of which the interior of the working container 1 is ventilated.
  • the prey container 4 is designed as a closed container from which the air can escape through a ventilation opening 4a.
  • This opening 4a is closed by a float 17 guided in the guideway 18 when the prey container 4 is filled. This brings the entire system to a standstill.
  • the check valve 15 prevents the pumped liquid from flowing back into the reservoir 3 from the suction container 2.
  • phase 2 The following functional phase corresponds to phase 2.
  • the liquid flowing through the overflow pipe 19 can produce the effect of a jet pump which accelerates the outflow of the working liquid from the working container 1.
  • the outflow of the liquid through the overflow pipe 19 gives rise to a flow acceleration and thus a negative pressure in the space between the cover 21 and the outer wall of the cross-sectional constriction between the cover 21 and the inner wall of the overflow pipe 19 Liquid drain line 5.
  • the outlet opening 5 b of the liquid drain line 5 complete with a hydraulic closure 20.
  • Overflow pipe 19 and hydraulic closure 20 are not necessary components of the liquid elevator. However, they are beneficial and increase the performance of the system. Whether they are used depends on the amount of working fluid, the required delivery rate and the pressure differences that occur.
  • loot container 4 is also not absolutely necessary. When waiving. this container results in a pulsating liquid flow at the liquid outlet 2a.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 an embodiment of a liquid elevator is shown, which differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that float-controlled inlet and outlet valves on the working container 1 are dispensed with.
  • This is advantageous insofar as the overall device has fewer parts to be moved mechanically and is generally less expensive to produce.
  • valve disk closing this valve seat is designed, for example, as a circular membrane 23 made of elastic material, the outer edge of which is firmly connected to the upper side of the partition 3a in a liquid-tight and gas-tight manner.
  • a passage opening 24 is arranged in the edge region of the membrane 23 in the partition 3a.
  • a further membrane 25 made of elastic material is arranged in the working container 1 opposite the membrane 23 on the underside of the partition 3a, the outer edge of which is also connected liquid-tight and gas-tight to the partition 3a. In this way, an air cushion delimited by the two membranes 23 and 25 is obtained and the spaces below or above the membranes are connected to one another via the opening 24.
  • the liquid drain line 5 is guided into the working container 1 from below, up to directly below the partition 3a, where it forms a U-shaped bend 5c and is guided downwards again so far that the lower inlet opening 5a 'is the deepest Point in the working container 1 is opposite.
  • the inlet opening 5a is arranged within a recess 1a in the bottom of the working container 1.
  • this design of the liquid drain line 5 within the working container 1 is not absolutely necessary.
  • the liquid drain line 5 can also, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, open directly on the underside of the working container 1 and it is not even necessary for a drain valve to be present at this point. In this case, however, it is expedient if the cross section of the liquid drain line 5 is significantly smaller than the cross section of the liquid feed line 6. In contrast, in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the cross section of the liquid drain line 5 needs to be only slightly smaller than that Cross section of the liquid supply line 6.
  • a ventilation valve is arranged on the working container 1, through which the working container 1 is aerated when the empty state is reached.
  • this ventilation valve is designed to be float-controlled in a particularly simple manner.
  • a ventilation hose 26 is arranged in the working container 1, the inlet opening .26a of which is led to the outside of the working container 1.
  • the inner end of the ventilation hose 26 is carried by a float 27, so that when the working container 1 is full, the inner end of the ventilation hose 26 is vertical in the working container 1. In this position, which is shown in FIG. 4, the ventilation hose 26, which is guided through a kink element 28, runs over two kink edges 28a and 28b, where it is kinked twice.
  • the ventilation hose 26 also lies in the lower part of the working container 1 and is detached from the folding edges 28a and 28b. In this non-kinked state, air can then flow in from outside through the inlet opening 26a for ventilation of the working container 1.
  • the float 27 moves downward and finally opens the ventilation valve in the manner described above when completely empty. After the ventilation of the working container 1, there is no longer any negative pressure on the valve seat 6a 'of the liquid supply line 6, so that the membrane 23 is returned to the position indicated in FIG. 5 by 23' by the water pressure in the storage container 3 is pressed and thus the third phase is initiated, which corresponds to the filling of the working container 1 of the first phase.
  • the overpressure in the working container 1 and therefore also in the suction container 2 must not be as great as the water pressure in the bottom region of the storage container 3, because otherwise the compressed air enters the open storage container 3 and the liquid does not come out of the suction container 2 in the prey container 4 can be pressed.
  • the suction pipe 8 at the upper end of which no check valve is arranged in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is guided into the storage container 3 in such a way that its lower opening is at a predetermined height above the partition 3a.
  • the overpressure in the suction tank 2 then corresponds to the height of the water level in the storage tank 3 above the lower end of the suction pipe 8 and the difference between the water pressure on the membrane 23 and the air pressure on the membrane 25 always corresponds to the distance of the lower end of the suction pipe 8 from the Partition 3a. This ensures that the inlet opening 6a 'remains open until the working container 1 is filled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Beans For Foods Or Fodder (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Mécanisme de levage automatique pour liquides comprenant un réservoir de réserve (3), un réservoir de travail (1) fermé et disposé sous le réservoir de réserve, ainsi qu'un réservoir d'aspiration (2) fermé et disposé au-dessus du réservoir de réserve et une évacuation des liquides reliée au réservoir d'aspiration, le réservoir de travail étant relié sur son côté inférieur à une conduite (5) d'évacuation du liquide conduisant vers le bas sur une longueur déterminée et sur son côté supérieur à une conduite en pression négative (7) débouchant dans le réservoir d'aspiration, le réservoir de réserve étant relié, par une conduite (6) d'arrivée du liquide au réservoir de travail et le réservoir d'aspiration étant raccordé à un tube d'aspiration, sur la conduite d'arrivée du liquide étant disposé un premier dispositif d'obturation qui se ferme ou s'ouvre en fonction de l'état de remplissage du réservoir de travail et entre le réservoir d'aspiration et l'évacuation du liquide (2a) étant disposé un deuxième dispositif d'obturation (16) agissant comme sécurité contre la pression négative, caractérisé par le fait que le réservoir de réserve (3) est disposé immédiatement au-dessus du réservoir de travail (1) et que la conduite (6) débouchant dans la partie supérieure du réservoir de travail conduit jusqu'à l'intérieur du réservoir de réserve (3), sur son orifice d'admission orienté vers le bas étant disposé un siège de soupape (6a, 6a') auquel fait face une tête de soupape (13, 23) qui est reliée à un dispositif de pilotage (9, 12, 24, 25) laquelle présente un élément de commande (9, 25) disposé à l'intérieur du réservoir de travail (1), la position de cet élément (9, 25) dans le réservoir de travail dépendant de l'état de remplissage de ce dernier et qui est accouplé à la tête de soupape (13, 23) par au moins un orifice (12, 24) pratiqué dans la paroi de séparation (3, 1) entre le réservoir de réserve (3) et le réservoir de travail (1) et qui est étanche au passage du liquide.
2. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tête de soupape (13) est disposée sur une tige de soupape (10) qui passe par l'orifice (12) pratiqué dans la paroi de séparation (3a) en direction du bas en pénétrant dans le réservoir de travail (1) à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un flotteur (9) entourant de manière coulissante la tige de soupape (10) et par le fait que des deux côtés dudit flotteur (9) sont disposées de manière fixe des plaques de butée (11, 14) à des intervalles prédéterminés sur la tige de soupape (10).
3. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que sur l'extrémité inférieure de la tige de piston (10) est disposée une autre tête de soupape (14) qui fait face à un autre siège de soupape (5a) disposé sur l'orifice d'admission orienté vers le haut de la conduite d'évacuation (5).
4. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que sur le réservoir de travail (1) est disposée une soupape d'aération (22) dont l'élément de manoeuvre (22a) est disposé sur le trajet du flotteur (9), immédiatement avant la plaque de butée inférieure (14).
5. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la tête de soupape disposée dans le réservoir de réserve (3) est réalisée sous la forme d'une première membrane (23) dont les bords sont reliés de manière étanche aux gaz et aux liquides avec le côté supérieur de la paroi de séparation (3) entre le réservoir de réserve (3) et le réservoir de travail (1), dans la zone de bords de cette première membrane (23) étant disposé au moins un orifice dans la paroi de séparation (3a) avec le réservoir de travail (1) et une deuxième membrane faisant face à la première, dont les bords sont reliés de manière étanche aux gaz et aux liquides avec le côté inférieur de la paroi de séparation (3a), cette disposition étant telle que l'orifice (24) débouche dans le réservoir de travail (1) à l'intérieur de la membrane (25) et une soupape d'aération commandée par un flotteur (27) étant disposée à l'intérieur dudit réservoir de travail (1).
6. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que la soupape d'aération présente un tuyau souple (25) sortant sur le côté inférieur du réservoir de travail (1) et dont l'extrémité intérieure est fixée sur le flotteur (27) et par le fait que dans le réservoir de travail (1) est disposé un élément de pincement (28) comportant au moins une arête de pincement (28a, 28b) sur laquelle le tuyau souple d'aération (26) est pincé entre ces deux extrémités lorsque son extrémité intérieure est placée verticalement dans le réservoir de travail (1 ).
7. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que la conduite d'évacuation (5) pénètre par le bas dans le réservoir de travail (1) jusqu'à parvenir immédiatement sous la paroi de séparation (3a) entre le réservoir de réserve (3) et le réservoir de travail (1), où elle est pincée de manière à former un U et continue ensuite vers le bas de telle sorte que son orifice d'entrée (5a') se trouve à proximité immédiate du point le plus bas du réservoir de travail (1 ).
8. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que le tube d'aspiration (8) pénètre dans le réservoir de réserve (3) par le haut.
9. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'embouchure du tube d'aspiration (8) dans le réservoir d'aspiration (2) est disposée une soupape de non-retour.
10. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que l'orifice de sortie (5b) de la conduite d'évacuation (5) est fermé au moyen d'un obturateur hydraulique (20).
11. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait qu'à un orifice de trop plein (19a) du réservoir de réserve (3) est raccordé un tube de trop-plein (19) dirigé vers le bas dans lequel la conduite d'évacuation (5) est introduite de telle sorte que l'orifice de sortie (5b) de la conduite d'évacuation (5) se trouve disposé à l'intérieur du tube de trop-plein (19).
12. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'évacuation (2a) reliée au réservoir d'aspiration (2) débouche dans un réservoir collecteur (4).
13. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que le réservoir d'aspiration (2) est disposé à l'intérieur du réservoir collecteur (4) et que le deuxième dispositif de fermeture est réalisé sous la forme d'un clapet anti-retour (16).
14. Mécanisme de levage pour liquides selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que le réservoir collecteur (4) est réalisé sous la forme d'un réservoir fermé qui présente sur son côté supérieur un orifice d'échappement d'air (4a) pouvant être obturé au moyen d'un flotteur (17).
EP85114584A 1984-11-28 1985-11-16 Elévateur de liquide automatique Expired EP0183155B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85114584T ATE39974T1 (de) 1984-11-28 1985-11-16 Selbsttaetiges fluessigkeits-hebewerk.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8434837U 1984-11-28
DE8434837 1984-11-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183155A1 EP0183155A1 (fr) 1986-06-04
EP0183155B1 true EP0183155B1 (fr) 1989-01-11

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ID=6773170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85114584A Expired EP0183155B1 (fr) 1984-11-28 1985-11-16 Elévateur de liquide automatique

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EP (1) EP0183155B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE39974T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3567507D1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR545638A (fr) * 1921-01-25 1922-10-17 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs d'élévation des liquides
GB217063A (en) * 1923-06-25 1924-06-12 Thomas Gaskell Allen Improvements in or relating to systems of raising liquids
GB226977A (en) * 1924-01-04 1925-01-08 Allen Hydrostatic Pump Syndica Improvements in or relating to systems of raising liquids
FR2334858A1 (fr) * 1975-12-10 1977-07-08 Mary Joao Generateur de puissance hydro-pneumatique

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DE3567507D1 (en) 1989-02-16
ATE39974T1 (de) 1989-01-15
EP0183155A1 (fr) 1986-06-04

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