EP0178346B1 - Transducteur à ultrasons - Google Patents
Transducteur à ultrasons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0178346B1 EP0178346B1 EP84112594A EP84112594A EP0178346B1 EP 0178346 B1 EP0178346 B1 EP 0178346B1 EP 84112594 A EP84112594 A EP 84112594A EP 84112594 A EP84112594 A EP 84112594A EP 0178346 B1 EP0178346 B1 EP 0178346B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- top plate
- plate
- housing
- ultrasonic transducer
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
- B06B1/067—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface which is used as, or combined with, an impedance matching layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
- H01J61/32—Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes
- H01J61/327—"Compact"-lamps, i.e. lamps having a folded discharge path
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer that can be used as a proximity switch or measuring sensor, as described in the preamble of claim 1.
- a known ultrasonic transducer of this type (US-A-3 555 311) has a multi-part cup-shaped inner housing made of metal, in the opening of which a piezoelectric element is seated.
- the bottom of this inner housing has a central opening through which two contact pins, which are connected to the piezoelectric field, are led out of the housing in an inserted sleeve.
- the inner housing is coated on all sides with plastic or enclosed by a one-piece plastic housing, the plastic forming an upper plate that transmits vibrations to the piezoelectric element and supports it. In the area of the lower plate of the inner housing, the plastic surrounds the aforementioned sleeve with an annular bulge.
- the metal inner housing also forms a reflector.
- FR-A-2 325 266 Another ultrasonic transducer is known (FR-A-2 325 266) in which a top plate made of closed-pore plastic is used to improve the resolving power when carrying out ultrasonic distance measurements and thus to reduce the reverberation time.
- a so-called "load ring”, which is also designed as a housing, is arranged on the side of the top plate carrying the piezoelectric element can be, but without this being explained in more detail.
- the load ring In relation to the top plate, the load ring must have a high weight and in one embodiment is made of aluminum, that is to say a material with a significantly higher specific weight than the open-pore plastic of the top plate, whose pore size should be between 30 ⁇ and 125 ⁇ .
- the invention has for its object to provide a generic ultrasonic transducer in such a way that with a low reverberation time a manageable can shape is given, as is desirable with proximity switches or sensors and makes access to the piezoelectric well possible.
- This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
- the top plate material known per se for this purpose is also used as the material of the cylindrical wall of the one-piece housing and provided with pores, which are no longer defined by the lower and upper absolute sizes, but by the lower and upper middle sizes, which are between 50 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ lies.
- the cylindrical wall is designed so that it does not have a retracted bottom like that of the generic document, but the cylindrical wall is completely open on its side facing away from the top and by a large area lying within the free edge of the cylindrical wall Cover plate closed.
- the housing consists of a one-piece pot-shaped plastic part and its smooth cover.
- ultrasonic transducers have proven to be poorly suited for use as a proximity switch or sensor for determining the distance from a substrate, partly because they have a pulse decay time that is too long, partly because they are difficult to handle.
- the ultrasonic transducer according to the invention does not have any of these disadvantages.
- both the pulse rise time and the pulse fall time become short, as in FIG. 11.
- a piezoelectric element 12 with electrodes 12a and 12b is bonded to the inner surface of an upper plate 11a of the housing part 11 to form an integrated component (FIG. 1, 2).
- the housing part 11 has a cylindrical side wall 11b which is made in one piece with the top plate 11a.
- the open end portion of the housing part 11 is provided with a cover plate 13 to which a pair of terminal pins 14a and 14b are attached. Lead wires 15a and 15b extend between electrode 12a and pin 14a and between electrode 12b and pin 14b, respectively.
- the cover plate 13 is covered with an insulating layer 16. 17 denotes an insulating sleeve which is provided because the cover plate is formed from an electrical conductor, and cover plate 13 and the insulating layer form a lower plate within the free edge of the housing part 11.
- Both the top plate 11a and the side wall 11b are. made of porous plastic.
- porous plastic as used herein is intended to include a synthetic polymeric material that has a large number of closed cells that are distributed within the polymeric material.
- suitable porous plastics are synthetic polymer materials in which a large number of glass microballoons are distributed, as well as foamed synthetic polymer materials. which are produced in a conventional manner using foaming agents.
- the porous plastic has an average pore diameter that is between 50 and 100 microns.
- suitable polymer materials are epoxy resins, polyolefin resins, styrene resins, acrylic resins and vinyl chloride resins.
- the pulse rise and fall time can be shortened as shown in FIG. 11.
- the reduction in the pulse decay time advantageously leads to the reduction in the reverberation time.
- the top plate 11a contains a relatively large amount of air, the acoustic impedance of the top plate 11a approaches that of air. Therefore, the fitting conditions between the top plate 11a and the ambient air are improved, which leads to an improvement in the response, that is, a more intense output can be obtained after receiving an ultrasonic wave of constant intensity.
- an ultrasonic transducer whose housing is made of stainless steel, a pulse rise time of 0.5 ms, a pulse fall time of 2.0 ms and an output voltage of 0.4 V.
- An ultrasonic transducer whose housing is made of non-porous epoxy resin, provides a pulse rise time of 0.2 ms, a pulse fall time of 1.2 ms and an output voltage of 2.6 V.
- the one-piece housing part 11 is formed in its entirety from an epoxy resin in which a large Distributed number of glass microballoons, which have a diameter of 50 to 100 microns, there is a pulse rise and fall time of 0.2 or 1.2 ms, and the output voltage is 6.4 V.
- the thickness of the top plate 11a of the housing part 11 is about 1/4 of the wavelength of the speed of sound of the top plate 11a in order to achieve the best response.
- the ultrasonic transducer the housing part 11 of which is formed from porous plastic with an acoustic impedance of 1 x 3000 g / cm s, shows a wave-transmitting pulse characteristic, as shown by line 20 in FIG. 3.
- a tubular part or parts on the outside and / or or provides the inner circumference of the cylindrical side wall of the transducer (Fig. 4.5), the tubular part having a higher acoustic impedance than the cylindrical side wall.
- a tubular part 18 is provided within a housing and glued to the inner periphery of its cylindrical side wall 11b (Fig. 4). In an alternative embodiment, shown in Fig. 5 ... the tubular member 18 is adhered to the outer periphery of the side wall 11b.
- the arrangement of the tubular part 18 improves the vibration-damping effect on the side of the vibration housing in order to reduce the reverberation time.
- Attachment of tubular member 18 to side wall 11b can be accomplished by any known means, such as glue.
- the tubular part 18 is provided within the housing 11, then it is expedient to design the tubular part as an elastic tube, specifically a metal tube which has a slot 18a which extends parallel to the axis of the tube (FIG. 6). .
- the tube 18 has a larger outer diameter than the inner diameter of the side wall 11b in the free state. By inserting the tube 18 into the inside of the housing, the tube 18 is in pressure contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical side wall 11b.
- a rubber tube should be used which has a smaller inner diameter than the outer diameter of the cylindrical side wall 11b. By fitting the rubber tube 18 around the circumference of the side wall 11b, the tube is held in pressure contact with the side plate 11b.
- the side wall 11b is always the forces in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. exposed side wall 11b and prevented from vibrating.
- the piezoelectric element in the form of a disc-shaped plate 12 is arranged concentrically on the top plate 11a, and that the top plate 11a has an annular portion which is arranged next to and along the outer circumference of the piezoelectric element and on which the thickness of the top plate is suddenly changed such that the transverse vibration originating from the circumference of the piezoelectric element can be absorbed or reduced at the annular section.
- the annular portion is a boundary area of a raised portion 11c provided from the outer surface (FIG. 7) and the inner surface of the top plate 11a on at least one of these surfaces.
- the annular section can also be an annular groove which is provided on the outer and inner surface of the top plate 11a on at least one of these surfaces (FIGS. 9, 10).
- annular groove 11c is shown in FIG. 8. It extends from the raised section above the piezoelectric element to the area of the cylindrical wall 11b.
- the height of the raised portion 11c and the depth of the ring groove 11d are not larger than 1/3 of the thickness D of the top plate 11a to prevent a decrease in responsiveness.
- tubular part 18 is not shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, since these only relate to the design of the top plate, it goes without saying that this part also in the above-mentioned embodiments according to FIGS. 7 to 10 to be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Détecteur de proximité ou capteur constitué sous forme de boîtier fermé et de transducteur à ultrasons, comportant un boîtier cylindrique fabriqué, en utilisant une matière plastique, avec une plaque supérieure, un élément piézo-électrique étant assemblé avec la face inférieure de cette plaque, une plaque inférieure parallèle à la plaque supérieure et à travers laquelle les connexions des électrodes de l'élément piézo-électrique sont guidées à l'extérieur du boîtier sous forme de fiches de contact isolées l'une de l'autre, et une paroi cylindrique entre la plaque supérieure et la plaque inférieure,
caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure (11a) et la paroi cylindrique (11b) sont constituées en une seule pièce en une résine polymère cellulaire présentant un diamètre moyen des pores compris entre 50 et 100 µm, la plaque supérieure (11a) présentant une quantité d'air relativement grande pour que son impédance acoustique soit rapprochée de celle de l'air ambiant et une épaisseur sensiblement égale à 1/4 de la longueur d'onde pour la vitesse du son correspondante, une partie tubulaire (18), constituée en un matériau dont l'impédance acoustique est supérieure à celle de la paroi latérale cylindrique (11b), étant prévue sur au moins l'une de la surface latérale intérieure et de la surface latérale extérieure de la paroi latérale cylindrique pour réduire le temps de réverbération, la fermeture inférieure du boîtier étant assurée par une plaque inférieure (13, 16) disposée en tant qu'élément autonome à l'intérieur du bord libre de la paroi cylindrique et par une plaque de recouvrement (13) munie extérieurement d'une couche isolante (16), à travers lesquelles les fiches de contact (14a, 14b) sont guidées, l'une d'elles étant isolée de la plaque de recouvrement par une douille isolante insérée (17). - Transducteur ultrasonore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie tubulaire est un tube élastique (18) disposé sur la surface extérieure de la paroi (11b).
- Transducteur ultrasonore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie tubulaire s'applique, en tant que tube métallique (18) muni d'une fente longitudinale (18a), sur la surface intérieure de la paroi (11b).
- Transducteur ultrasonore selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure (11a) présente une rainure annulaire s'étendant jusque dans la zone de la paroi cylindrique (11b), cette rainure entourant une partie en saillie (11c) de la surface intérieure de la plaque supérieure, partie sur laquelle l'élément piézo-électrique (12) est fixé de façon coaxiale.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8484112594T DE3486035D1 (de) | 1984-10-18 | 1984-10-18 | Ultraschallwandler. |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2434684U JPS60136599U (ja) | 1984-02-21 | 1984-02-21 | 超音波セラミツクセンサ |
JP2648784U JPS60139399U (ja) | 1984-02-24 | 1984-02-24 | 超音波セラミツクセンサ |
JP5034784U JPS60163899U (ja) | 1984-04-06 | 1984-04-06 | 超音波セラミツクセンサ |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0178346A1 EP0178346A1 (fr) | 1986-04-23 |
EP0178346B1 true EP0178346B1 (fr) | 1993-01-13 |
Family
ID=27284612
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84112594A Expired - Lifetime EP0178346B1 (fr) | 1984-02-21 | 1984-10-18 | Transducteur à ultrasons |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4556814A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0178346B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3505872C2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK168317B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2559985B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2013062962A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Méthodologies d'amélioration de la fiabilité d'interconnexions électriques de transducteurs |
Families Citing this family (57)
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JPH0749914Y2 (ja) * | 1986-01-29 | 1995-11-13 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 超音波トランスデユ−サ |
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DE102015110939B4 (de) * | 2015-07-07 | 2019-02-14 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultraschallsensor für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ultraschallsensors |
DE102016107471B3 (de) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-09-14 | Krohne Ag | Ultraschallwandler mit Abstrahlelement |
US11590535B2 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2023-02-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Ultrasonic transducer |
DE102017221618A1 (de) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Ultraschallwandler mit zumindest einem piezo-elektrischen Oszillator |
DE102018106333A1 (de) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-19 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Sensorvorrichtung zur Erfassung von Schall, insbesondere zur Erfassung von Körperschall an einem Fahrzeug |
GB2573305A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2019-11-06 | Tribosonics Ltd | An ultrasonic transducer |
CN110882882A (zh) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-17 | 新传思科技股份有限公司 | 具有复材壳体的超音波换能器 |
DE102020114777A1 (de) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-09 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Ultraschallwandler und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ultraschallwandlers |
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FR896806A (fr) * | 1940-02-22 | 1945-03-05 | Atlas Werke Ag | Appareil oscillateur piézo-électrique |
GB778168A (en) * | 1954-07-02 | 1957-07-03 | Babcock & Wilcox Ltd | Improvements relating to probe supporting means for ultrasonic testing of butt weldsformed between sections of hollow cylindrical bodies such as pipes and to an improved method of testing butt welds formed between such sections |
US3209582A (en) * | 1961-05-31 | 1965-10-05 | Elmer H Greenberg | Apparatus for scanning large objects with a test-unit probe |
US3433461A (en) * | 1967-05-22 | 1969-03-18 | Edison Instr Inc | High-frequency ultrasonic generators |
US3555311A (en) * | 1969-01-23 | 1971-01-12 | Marquardt Corp | High pressure piezoelectric transducer |
FR2172808B1 (fr) * | 1972-02-22 | 1978-09-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
US3928777A (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1975-12-23 | Dellorfano Jr Fred M | Directional ultrasonic transducer with reduced secondary lobes |
US3946599A (en) * | 1974-11-08 | 1976-03-30 | Jacob Patt | Liquid applicator for ultra-sonic transducer |
DE2541492C3 (de) * | 1975-09-17 | 1980-10-09 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Ultraschallwandler |
US4373401A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1983-02-15 | Joseph Baumoel | Transducer structure and mounting arrangement for transducer structure for clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters |
DE3301848C2 (de) * | 1983-01-20 | 1984-11-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Ultraschallwandler |
-
1984
- 1984-10-10 US US06/659,281 patent/US4556814A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-10-18 EP EP84112594A patent/EP0178346B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1985
- 1985-02-19 DK DK076485A patent/DK168317B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-02-20 DE DE3505872A patent/DE3505872C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-02-20 FR FR858502441A patent/FR2559985B1/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013062962A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Méthodologies d'amélioration de la fiabilité d'interconnexions électriques de transducteurs |
GB2509681A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2014-07-09 | Baker Hughes Inc | Methodologies to improve reliability of transducer electrical interconnections |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0178346A1 (fr) | 1986-04-23 |
US4556814A (en) | 1985-12-03 |
FR2559985B1 (fr) | 1989-06-30 |
DK168317B1 (da) | 1994-03-07 |
DE3505872C2 (de) | 1994-07-07 |
DK76485A (da) | 1985-08-22 |
DE3505872A1 (de) | 1985-11-21 |
DK76485D0 (da) | 1985-02-19 |
FR2559985A1 (fr) | 1985-08-23 |
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