EP0173628B1 - Ofen zur Verbrennung von Abfällen - Google Patents

Ofen zur Verbrennung von Abfällen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0173628B1
EP0173628B1 EP85401691A EP85401691A EP0173628B1 EP 0173628 B1 EP0173628 B1 EP 0173628B1 EP 85401691 A EP85401691 A EP 85401691A EP 85401691 A EP85401691 A EP 85401691A EP 0173628 B1 EP0173628 B1 EP 0173628B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
post
nozzles
air
fume duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85401691A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0173628A3 (en
EP0173628A2 (de
Inventor
Christian Gérard Huret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85401691T priority Critical patent/ATE46957T1/de
Publication of EP0173628A2 publication Critical patent/EP0173628A2/de
Publication of EP0173628A3 publication Critical patent/EP0173628A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0173628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0173628B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage

Definitions

  • the fuel consumption is significantly reduced, the dust entrainment is low and the fumes are little or not colored.
  • the combustion time is however significantly longer than in the first mode.
  • US-A-4,213,404 describes an oven in which the destruction of waste is carried out successively using the two above-mentioned operating modes.
  • the waste introduced into the combustion chamber of this furnace is first subjected to a pyrolysis carried out at a relatively low temperature in the presence of a small quantity of primary air, then to a combustion carried out at a high temperature in the presence of excess primary air.
  • US-A-3,664,277 describes an oven for the incineration of waste, comprising a combustion chamber comprising a door for loading the waste and means for introducing primary air therein, a flue duct communicating with the combustion chamber and comprising means for preventing the passage of dust entrained by the fumes as well as means for supplying secondary air, and a post-combustion chamber connected to the combustion chamber via the smoke duct, the post-combustion chamber comprising at least one burner, a chimney provided at one of its ends, and nozzles for tangentially introducing a stream of tertiary combustion air.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy the drawbacks of the aforementioned ovens and, to do this, it relates to an incineration oven having a hearth with a horizontal axis of the type described in US-A-3,664,277 and which is characterized in that the nozzles are distributed along a line parallel to the main axis of the post-combustion chamber, and in that another nozzle is provided for introducing tertiary air into the post-combustion chamber combustion, this other nozzle opening axially at the end of the post-combustion chamber which is opposite the chimney.
  • the gases and the fumes in the post-combustion chamber are entrained in a helical movement, which allows them to sweep the entire volume of said chamber and to stay long enough in the latter for be totally burned.
  • the incineration furnace according to the present invention is further characterized by the arrangements forming the subject of claims 2 to 6 appended.
  • the incineration oven that can be seen in the drawings comprises a combustion chamber 1 furnished with insulating and refractory materials.
  • the combustion chamber is equipped with a burner 2 used to initiate or maintain the combustion of waste and nozzles 3 allowing the injection of primary air. It can be of parallelepipedic or cylindrical shape, its major axis preferably being horizontal.
  • a sealed loading door 4 allows waste to be introduced into the hearth 5.
  • the combustion fumes 6 are evacuated via a smoke duct 7 which is formed in the wall opposite the door loading 4 and into which the secondary air is injected by a series of nozzles 8 oriented so that the secondary air jet forms an obtuse angle with the fumes.
  • the smoke duct 7 connects the combustion chamber 1 to a post-combustion chamber 9 which is cylindrical in shape and is lined with insulating and refractory materials.
  • the post-combustion chamber is of large volume so that the fumes stay there long enough to be completely oxidized and decomposed. Its volume is calculated so that the minimum residence time is 0.6 seconds.
  • At least one burner 11 is provided to bring or maintain the post-combustion chamber at a temperature sufficient to completely oxidize the fumes, destroy all the combustible particles and crack the organic molecules. This burner directs its flame tangentially into the post-combustion chamber.
  • Tertiary air intended to provide the necessary oxygen supplement and to entrain the fumes in a helical movement is injected into the post-combustion chamber 9 on the one hand by a series of nozzles 10 arranged along a generator and opening tangentially in the chamber 9, and on the other hand by a nozzle 12 opening axially at one of the ends of the post-combustion chamber.
  • the fumes entrained in the post-combustion chamber in a helical movement are directed to a chimney 13 provided at the other end of the post-combustion chamber. It will be noted here that the flow rate of the tertiary air injected through the nozzles 10 and 12 is adjustable.
  • the inclination of the main axis of the post-combustion chamber can be adjusted since the latter constitutes, with the smoke duct 7, an assembly mounted to pivot around the axis of said duct.
  • the furnace according to the invention makes it possible to incinerate waste in two phases, the latter being subjected in the combustion chamber 1, first of all to a pyrolysis carried out at a relatively low temperature in the presence of a small amount of primary air, then combustion performed at a high temperature in the presence of an excess of primary air.
  • the nozzles 8 projecting the secondary air prevent the dust formed in the combustion chamber 1 from going into the post-combustion chamber when the primary air flow is increased.
  • the secondary air is injected against the smoke: the directions of circulation of the secondary air and the smoke respectively in the smoke duct 7 form an obtuse angle preferably between 100 ° and 140 °.
  • the flow and speed of the secondary air and the repetition of the nozzles 8 are such that the air curtain thus created involves the entire section of the smoke duct.
  • the fumes leaving the combustion chamber 1 penetrate tangentially into the post-combustion chamber 9 which is lined with insulating and refractory materials and which is preferably produced with a large volume. They go towards the chimney 13, in a helical movement under the joint action of the tertiary air injected by the nozzles 10 and the nozzle 12 and the burner flame 11 which is oriented tangentially in the post-combustion chamber.
  • the incineration oven according to the invention is particularly suitable for the destruction without odors, visible smoke or nuisance, of all combustible waste and, in particular, household, hospital or industrial waste.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Ofen zur Verbrennung von Abfällen, bestehend aus einer Verbrennungskammer (1) mit einer Tür (4) für das Einladen der Abfälle und mit Mitteln zum Einleiten von Primärluft, mit einem mit der Verbrennungskammer (1) in Verbindung stehenden Rauchkanal (7), und mit Mitteln zum Verhindern des Durchtritts von durch den Rauch mitgenommenem Staub wie auch Mitteln zum Einleiten von Sekundärluft, und bestehend aus einer mit der Verbrennungskammer (1) über den Gaskanal (7) verbundenen Nachverbrennungskammer (9), die wenigstens einen Brenner (11), einen an einem ihrer Enden vorgesehenen Abzug (13) und für die tangentiale Einleitung eines tertiären Verbrennungsluftstroms Düsen (10) enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Düsen (10) längs einer der Hauptachse der Nachverbrennungskammer (9) parallelen Linie verteilt sind, und daß zur Einleitung der Tertiärluft in die Nachverbrennungskammer (9) eine weitere Düse (12) vorgesehen ist, die axial in das dem den Abzug (13) aufweisenden Ende gegenüberliegende Ende der Nachverbrennungskammer (9) mündet.
2. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Volumen der Nachverbrennungskammer (9) derart ist, daß die Rauchverweildauer mindestens 0,6 Sekunden beträgt.
3. Ofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rauchkanal (7) und der Brenner (11) der Nachverbrennungskammer (9) tangential in letztere münden.
4. Ofen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Verhindern des Durchtritts von Staub durch Mittel zum Einleiten von Sekundärluft gebildet sind, die ihrerseits durch Düsen (8) gebildet sind, die derart in den Rauchkanal (7) münden, daß sie hier Luft in Bezug auf die Zirkulationsrichtung des Rauchs im Gegenstrom injizieren, wobei die Zahl und der Abstand der Düsen (8) voneinander derart ist, daß der gesamte Querschnitt des Rauchkanals (7) durch den Sekundärluftvorhang betroffen ist.
5. Ofen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die jeweiligen Richtungen der Sekundärluft und des Rauchs im Rauchkanal (7) einen zwischen 100° und 150° liegenden stumpfen Winkel bilden.
6. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungskammer (9) und der Rauchkanal (7) eine um die Achse des letzteren schwenkbare Baueinheit ist.
EP85401691A 1984-08-30 1985-08-28 Ofen zur Verbrennung von Abfällen Expired EP0173628B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85401691T ATE46957T1 (de) 1984-08-30 1985-08-28 Ofen zur verbrennung von abfaellen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8413625A FR2569826B1 (fr) 1984-08-30 1984-08-30 Incinerateur-pyrolyseur
FR8413625 1984-08-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0173628A2 EP0173628A2 (de) 1986-03-05
EP0173628A3 EP0173628A3 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0173628B1 true EP0173628B1 (de) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=9307430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401691A Expired EP0173628B1 (de) 1984-08-30 1985-08-28 Ofen zur Verbrennung von Abfällen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0173628B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE46957T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3573464D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2569826B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02145685A (ja) * 1988-05-13 1990-06-05 Heinz Hoelter コークス炉天井および隣接する範囲を冷却しかつ清浄な状態に保つための方法と装置
GB8900975D0 (en) * 1989-01-17 1989-03-08 Cbr Fabrications Limited Wood waste burners
DE3922060A1 (de) * 1989-07-05 1991-01-17 Norbert Harlander Feuerungsanlage fuer feste brennstoffe mit sekundaerbrenner
FR2649782B1 (fr) * 1989-07-12 1992-11-27 Huret Christian Procede d'incineration et four pour sa mise en oeuvre
US4941415A (en) * 1989-11-02 1990-07-17 Entech Corporation Municipal waste thermal oxidation system
NL8902749A (nl) * 1989-11-07 1991-06-03 Leonardus Mathijs Marie Nevels Werkwijze voor het verbranden van veelsoortig afvalsmateriaal, daarbij te gebruiken oven, alsmede universeel afvalverbrandingssysteem met een aantal van dergelijke ovens.
DE4007581A1 (de) * 1990-03-09 1991-09-12 Ackermann Tech Anlagen Masch Brenneranordnung
CN1128654C (zh) * 1996-07-18 2003-11-26 海因茨·霍尔特 有机废物焚烧装置中产生的废气的处理方法
US6439135B1 (en) * 1997-11-25 2002-08-27 International Environmental Technologies, Inc. Organic waste gasification processing and the production of alternative energy sources
US6938562B2 (en) 2002-05-17 2005-09-06 Senreq, Llc Apparatus for waste gasification

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2869487A (en) * 1955-08-25 1959-01-20 Silent Glow Oil Burner Corp Incinerators
FR2215678A2 (en) * 1965-12-01 1974-08-23 Lees Hall Et Sons Ltd Scrap metal recovery furnace - for burning off insulation from electric cables
US3664277A (en) * 1970-07-31 1972-05-23 Carborundum Co On-site incinerator
FR2213706A5 (de) * 1973-01-09 1974-08-02 Air Preheater
CH579237A5 (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-08-31 Barkhuus Per W Incinerator for domestic refuse - with preheated secondary air provided under pressure
US4213404A (en) * 1978-11-09 1980-07-22 Energy Alternatives, Inc. Solid refuse furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3573464D1 (en) 1989-11-09
EP0173628A3 (en) 1987-09-02
EP0173628A2 (de) 1986-03-05
FR2569826B1 (fr) 1989-06-16
ATE46957T1 (de) 1989-10-15
FR2569826A1 (fr) 1986-03-07

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