EP0170894B1 - Elektromagnetische Antriebsanordnung - Google Patents

Elektromagnetische Antriebsanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170894B1
EP0170894B1 EP85108351A EP85108351A EP0170894B1 EP 0170894 B1 EP0170894 B1 EP 0170894B1 EP 85108351 A EP85108351 A EP 85108351A EP 85108351 A EP85108351 A EP 85108351A EP 0170894 B1 EP0170894 B1 EP 0170894B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnet
pole
poles
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85108351A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0170894A1 (de
Inventor
Gerhard Reichert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0170894A1 publication Critical patent/EP0170894A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0170894B1 publication Critical patent/EP0170894B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of electromagnetically operated switches and is to be applied to a drive arrangement which, in order to trigger a mechanical switching operation, has a permanent magnet which is movably arranged between two magnetic poles and is connected to an actuating element.
  • the two magnetic poles In a known electromagnetic drive arrangement (GB-A1-2 104 730), which is provided for actuating the door locks of a motor vehicle, the two magnetic poles, between which the permanent magnet is arranged movably, are arranged at a fixed distance from one another which limits the freedom of movement of the permanent magnet.
  • the two magnetic poles are connected by a yoke and can be electrically excited with the same name by means of an excitation coil consisting of two identical coil halves.
  • a third magnetic pole is arranged in the middle between the two magnetic poles and at the same time laterally outside the clear space between the two magnetic poles, which is connected to the yoke and can be excited with the same name compared to the first two magnetic poles by the two coil halves of the excitation coil being on both sides of the connection point of the third magnetic poles are arranged with the yoke and are excitable in opposite directions.
  • the permanent magnet is provided on the two sides facing the first two magnetic poles, each with a plate made of ferromagnetic material; The permanent magnet and the plates together have a thickness that is substantially greater than the sum of half the distance between the first two magnetic poles and half the width of the third magnetic pole in the direction of adjustment of the permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet holds itself in the two switching positions.
  • No special plates made of ferromagnetic material are provided on the two end faces of the permanent magnet and the permanent magnet has an overall length that is shorter than is half the distance between the two outer magnetic poles.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the drive arrangement in such a way that fluid flows can be controlled with the actuating element of the permanent magnet and that the permanent magnet and the actuating element connected to it certainly have the desired switching position reached and remains in this switching position with high holding force without the excitation having to be maintained after reaching this switching position.
  • Such a configuration of the drive arrangement ensures, with a high magnetic holding force, that the permanent magnet bears tightly against the respective magnetic pole and thus reliably opens or closes the control opening to be actuated by the control element.
  • the rich concern is among other things caused by the specially dimensioned plates made of ferromagnetic material, which conduct the magnetic flux to the third magnetic pole.
  • the selected arrangement ensures that if the control pulse acts too shortly on the excitation coil, the permanent magnet does not get stuck in a central position in front of the third magnetic pole, but - even with faulty pulses - is safely pulled into one of the two end positions.
  • the slight protrusion of the magnetic plates over the outer edge of the third magnetic pole further ensures that a sufficient tightening force is effective when the permanent magnet is switched from one end position to the other.
  • a constructive embodiment of the new drive arrangement consists in that the two magnetic poles and the yoke connecting them have the shape of a C, the third magnetic pole being arranged with its free end pointing towards the opening of the C and the permanent magnet on the one end of a spring tongue is fastened, which is firmly clamped or pivotably mounted with its other end and on which the control element or elements are arranged.
  • the control elements can interact with corresponding counter elements of a device to be controlled.
  • the spring tongue is used on the one hand for the movable mounting of the permanent magnet and on the other hand for coupling the control elements to the permanent magnet.
  • the first two magnetic poles are designed as hollow tubes and are located concentrically in openings in the axially spaced-apart coil halves of the excitation coil;
  • the yoke consists of a cylindrical yoke sheath that surrounds the coil halves and two cover plates that carry the hollow mandrels and are attached to both ends of the yoke sheath.
  • a ring is inserted as the third magnetic pole between the two hollow mandrels, the outer edge of which rests on the yoke sheath.
  • the actuating element consists of a plunger arranged on at least one side of the permanent magnet and passing through a hollow tube, the free end of which is conical.
  • a compact design of this drive arrangement is given when the free end of the plunger is surrounded by a plastic part provided with a longitudinal bore, which is inserted by means of a pipe socket surrounding the plunger in a clamping manner in one of the hollow tubes, and when the plastic part has a first control opening and one has a second control opening, the first control opening for receiving the free end of the plunger being provided with a corresponding conical contrast.
  • Fig. 1 denote two opposite magnetic poles, which are connected to each other via a yoke 3.
  • the magnetic poles 1 and 2 together with the yoke in the form of a C.
  • a third magnetic pole 4 connected to it. With its free end 5, the third magnetic pole 4 projects toward the opening existing between the two magnetic poles 1 and 2.
  • An excitation coil consisting of two identical coil halves 6 and 7 is provided to excite the magnetic poles 1, 2 and 4.
  • a coil half 6 is arranged on one side and a coil half 7 on the other side of the junction of the third magnetic pole 4 with the yoke 3 in the return circuit of the two magnetic poles 1 and 2.
  • the two coil halves 6 and 7 are simultaneously connected to voltage and are switched or wound in such a way that they excite the yoke 3 in opposite directions. In this way, the two opposite magnetic poles 1 and 2 are always magnetized with the same name and the third magnetic pole 4 is magnetized opposite to these two magnetic poles 1 and 2.
  • An airtight housing 8 made of non-magnetic material is clamped to the two opposite magnetic poles 1 and 2.
  • a spring tongue 9 is arranged in the housing 8.
  • a permanent magnet 10 is fastened, which is guided to be movable by the spring tongue 9 in the direction of the two magnetic poles 1 and 2.
  • the spring tongue 9 With its other end 9b, the spring tongue 9 is firmly clamped in the housing 8 or held rotatably between the poles.
  • the two sides of the permanent magnet 10 lying in the adjustment direction are covered flush with plates 11 and 12 made of ferromagnetic material.
  • the arrangement of the permanent magnet 10 covered with the plates 11 and 12 on the spring tongue 9 is such that there is an air gap 13 between the side of the permanent magnet 10 facing the third magnetic pole 4 and the third magnetic pole 4.
  • This air gap can be filled by the material of the housing 8.
  • the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 10 passes through the plate 11, which acts as a flux concentrator in the third magnetic pole 4 and closes via the yoke 3, the magnetic pole 2 and the plate 12 to the south pole of the permanent magnet 10.
  • This flux exerts a holding force on the permanent magnet 10 which presses it against the magnetic pole 2.
  • the package consisting of the plates 11 and 12 and the permanent magnet 10 projects somewhat beyond the upper edge of the third magnetic pole 4.
  • part of the magnetic occurs Flow obliquely down into the third magnetic pole 4. This results in a force component directed vertically downwards, which contributes to an increase in the holding force.
  • the plate 12 projects beyond the lower edge of the third magnetic pole 4, so that an upward force component is thereby created.
  • the two coil halves are excited so that, with the polarity of the permanent magnet 10 assumed, the two opposite magnetic poles 1 and 2 are magnetized as south poles and the third magnetic pole 4 as north poles.
  • the south pole of the permanent magnet 10 is repelled by the magnetic pole 2 magnetized as the south pole and the north pole of the permanent magnet 10 is repelled by the third magnetic pole 4 magnetized as the north pole.
  • the north pole of the permanent magnet 10 is attracted by the magnetic pole 1 magnetized as the south pole.
  • the permanent magnet 10 is moved toward the magnetic pole 1 by these forces directed towards the magnetic pole 1.
  • the protrusion of the plate 11 over the edge of the third magnetic pole 4 has a favorable effect on the start of the permanent magnet, since this generates a force component directed vertically, as already described for the holding state. When the arrangement is energized, this force component is directed upward and thus supports the start-up of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the excitation of the two coil halves 6 and 7 can be switched off again.
  • the permanent magnet 10 holds itself in this end position.
  • the permanent magnet 10 is switched back to the previous end position.
  • the seal 21 arranged on the spring tongue 9 is lifted from the mouth of the one nozzle opening 20 and pressed against the mouth of the other nozzle opening 19.
  • a medium flowing through the nozzle openings can be controlled.
  • a liquid can be supplied via the nozzle opening 18, which can then flow out either through the nozzle opening 19 or 20 by appropriately switching the permanent magnet 10.
  • the nozzle opening 19 serves as a ventilation opening.
  • the nozzle opening 20 connected to the vacuum accumulator is initially closed.
  • the two nozzle openings 18 and 19 are connected in terms of pressure via the housing cavity 17.
  • the seal 21 lies against the mouth of the nozzle opening 19 and releases the mouth of the nozzle opening 20.
  • the negative pressure prevailing in the vacuum accumulator thus becomes effective at the nozzle opening 18.
  • the adjusting device connected to the nozzle opening 18 can be actuated by this negative pressure. If the permanent magnet 10 is switched back again, the seal 21 closes the nozzle opening 20 again and the nozzle opening 18 is again connected to the nozzle opening 19 in terms of pressure, so that the ambient pressure on the adjusting device becomes effective again.
  • the opposite magnetic poles 22 and 23 are formed as hollow tubes and are concentric in the corresponding coil openings of the two axially spaced coil halves 24 and 25. Between the two coil halves 24 and 25 is a ring 26 as a third magnetic pole inserted ferromagnetic material. This ring 26 lies with its outer circumference on a cylindrical yoke jacket 27.
  • the inference circuit is completed by cover plates 28 and 29 arranged on the end faces of the inference jacket 27 and supporting the hollow tubes 22 and 23.
  • a permanent magnet 32 covered with ferromagnetic plates 30 and 31 is arranged axially displaceably between the two hollow tubes 22 and 23.
  • a plunger 33 which extends through a hollow tube 23 and whose free end 33a is conical, is connected to the permanent magnet 32.
  • the plunger 33 protrudes into a longitudinal bore 35 provided on a plastic part 34.
  • the plastic part 34 is clamped in the bore of the hollow tube 23 by means of a pipe socket 34a formed on it.
  • a control opening 36 provided with a conical counter-seat adapted to the cone of the plunger 33.
  • a further control opening 37 opens into the cavity formed between the plunger 33 and the wall of the longitudinal bore 35.
  • An amagnetic sealing tube 38 is placed on the outside of the two hollow tubes 22 and 23.
  • the permanent magnet 32 has little play with respect to this sealing tube 38, so that it is not braked by friction during the adjustment.
  • the hollow tube 22 opposite the hollow tube 23 connected to the plastic part 34 is connected at its outer end with a ver conclude.
  • In this closure there is a small bore 39, which can be closed by a further plunger 40 arranged on the opposite side of the permanent magnet 32, or a sealing ring 41 is attached to the end face of the hollow tube, through which the cavity of the hollow tube 22 comes into contact when the permanent magnet 32 is in contact this hollow tube 22 is sealed off from the cavity of the other hollow tube 23 and the longitudinal bore 35.
  • the drive arrangement works as follows: in the de-energized state of the two coil halves 24 and 25, the permanent magnet 32 holds itself in the respective end position, since its flow through the third magnetic pole 26, the yoke sheath 27, the corresponding cover plate 28 and 29 and that with this connected hollow tube 22 or 23 can close.
  • the permanent magnet 32 is moved from one end position to the other by appropriate excitation of the two coil halves 24 and 25.
  • the plunger 33 is raised from the control opening 36 provided at the end of the longitudinal bore 35. There is thus a pressure connection between this control opening 36 and the further control opening 37.
  • the control opening 36 is connected to a negative pressure accumulator or generator, the negative pressure becomes effective at the further control opening 37 and can be used to actuate an adjustment device connected to this control opening.
  • the plunger 35 closes the control opening 36 in the manner of a needle valve and the connection to the vacuum source is interrupted. In this position, the further plunger 40 is lifted from the bore 39. There is a connection to the bore 39 via the longitudinal bore 35, the hollow tube 23 and the play between the permanent magnet 32 and the sealing tube 38, so that the ambient pressure at the further control opening 37 and the adjustment device connected to it becomes effective.
  • the drive arrangement according to the invention only requires a short energy pulse to adjust the permanent magnet 10 or 32. Thereafter, the permanent magnet 10 or 32 holds itself in the respective end position by its magnetism.
  • the use of the drive arrangement is therefore particularly suitable where energy is only available to a limited extent, e.g. in the car. When used in a car, the drive arrangement maintains its respective tax position even when the car is stationary.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
EP85108351A 1984-07-19 1985-07-05 Elektromagnetische Antriebsanordnung Expired EP0170894B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843426688 DE3426688A1 (de) 1984-07-19 1984-07-19 Antriebsanordnung
DE3426688 1984-07-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0170894A1 EP0170894A1 (de) 1986-02-12
EP0170894B1 true EP0170894B1 (de) 1989-05-03

Family

ID=6241078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85108351A Expired EP0170894B1 (de) 1984-07-19 1985-07-05 Elektromagnetische Antriebsanordnung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0170894B1 (fi)
DE (2) DE3426688A1 (fi)
FI (1) FI852164L (fi)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3626254A1 (de) * 1986-08-02 1988-02-11 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Elektromagnetisches stellelement
IL91041A0 (en) * 1988-07-28 1990-02-09 H U Dev Corp Solenoid actuator
US5272458A (en) * 1988-07-28 1993-12-21 H-U Development Corporation Solenoid actuator
SE509905C2 (sv) 1995-12-22 1999-03-22 Electrolux Ab Solenoid
GB2394028B (en) * 2000-07-06 2004-05-26 Camcon Ltd Valves
GB0016505D0 (en) * 2000-07-06 2000-08-23 Wygnanski Wladyslaw Improved electro-magnetic device
GB2379726B (en) * 2000-07-06 2004-05-26 Camcon Ltd Electro-magnetically operated device
DE102005029044B4 (de) * 2005-06-21 2013-02-21 Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh Stellglied mit Haltefunktion
GB0607072D0 (en) 2006-04-07 2006-05-17 Artemis Intelligent Power Ltd Electromagnetic actuator
BR112016013346B1 (pt) * 2013-12-11 2021-11-16 Dayco Ip Holdings, Llc Conjunto de atuador magnético e invólucro
GB201615379D0 (en) * 2016-09-09 2016-10-26 Camcon Medical Ltd Electromagnetic actuator
CN108612901A (zh) * 2018-06-07 2018-10-02 哈尔滨工业大学 密封锥面衔铁双线圈双稳态电磁机构

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3202886A (en) * 1962-01-11 1965-08-24 Bulova Watch Co Inc Bistable solenoid
GB1136418A (en) * 1966-12-07 1968-12-11 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical solenoid devices
CH570066A5 (fi) * 1973-05-18 1975-11-28 Tesalon Anstalt
JPS5829754U (ja) * 1981-08-21 1983-02-26 日立金属株式会社 ドアロツク用アクチユエ−タ
DE3341625A1 (de) * 1982-11-25 1984-05-30 Aisin Seiki Solenoideinheit
JPS59126608A (ja) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-21 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd ソレノイド装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI852164A0 (fi) 1985-05-30
DE3426688A1 (de) 1986-01-23
FI852164L (fi) 1986-01-20
EP0170894A1 (de) 1986-02-12
DE3570004D1 (en) 1989-06-08

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