EP0169988B2 - Process for grading paper, and apparatus for the application of the process - Google Patents
Process for grading paper, and apparatus for the application of the process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0169988B2 EP0169988B2 EP85105760A EP85105760A EP0169988B2 EP 0169988 B2 EP0169988 B2 EP 0169988B2 EP 85105760 A EP85105760 A EP 85105760A EP 85105760 A EP85105760 A EP 85105760A EP 0169988 B2 EP0169988 B2 EP 0169988B2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper web
- moisture content
- calender
- paper
- drying
- Prior art date
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/0073—Accessories for calenders
- D21G1/0093—Web conditioning devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for finishing paper, in which a paper web, after it has left the dryer section of a paper machine, is passed through at least one nip of a calender, in which pressure is exerted on it, and the moisture of the paper web is reduced to a final value becomes.
- the invention further relates to a device for performing such a method.
- the paper web in the calender must also be dried. In many cases, therefore, the required final moisture limits the performance of the calender. that is, the throughput speed of the paper web must be selected so that the web has the required final moisture on leaving the calender, since the drying process cannot be intensified in view of the drying capacity of the calender.
- the calender's performance is also limited by the thermal stability of the paper rollers.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which the restrictions that were previously caused by the calender can be overcome. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
- the moisture content of the web at the end of the pressure treatment can be substantially above the final moisture required.
- This makes it possible to either run the calender at a higher working speed or to use a calender with a lower number of rolls.
- the calender capacity is increased considerably, which in many cases makes the use of one or more additional calenders unnecessary.
- the investment costs of the required additional drying device are significantly lower than that of an additional calender, this increases the economic efficiency considerably.
- the specific personnel costs are significantly reduced if the number of calenders is lower.
- the use of a calender with a smaller number of rolls, for example a conventional supercalender drying device significantly reduces the investment costs compared to a compaction calender of the same performance, which the web leaves with the required final moisture.
- the method according to the invention offers further essential advantages.
- the paper web in a compression calender can be due to the higher moisture of the web in the last nips in which the highest line pressure prevails, the properties relevant for highly compressed technical papers, i.e. the density, smoothness, porosity and transparency, due to the higher moisture of the web Properties, greatly improve.
- the method according to the invention also offers advantages in connection with treatment of the paper web in an inline calender.
- the number of rollers can be reduced, which, for example, simplifies the feeding of the web or achieves a higher smoothness than was previously possible, for example, with a smoothing unit, even if one takes into account that the post-drying process again slightly reduces the smoothness achieved.
- the method according to the invention also enables the temperature of the calender rolls and / or the line pressure to be reduced to increase the service life of the paper rolls.
- the paper web is subjected to convection drying during the drying process, since this type of post-drying is particularly space-saving and cost-saving.
- convection drying for example radiation drying by means of infrared radiation, or contact drying, can also be used, the latter being able to be carried out by means of heated cylinders.
- the invention is also based on the object. to provide an inexpensive device for performing the method according to the invention. This object is achieved by the features of claim 7.
- the convection dryer has a plurality of pairs of nozzles which generate air currents which are directed essentially against one another along the passage of the paper web.
- the invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
- the single figure shows a schematic view of a calender with a downstream convection dryer.
- a paper web 2 with a moisture content that is between 15% and 25% is introduced into a type of compression calender known as a whole with 1, the passage through the calender beginning in a known manner at the top nip.
- the compression calender 1 has 15 work rolls. Its metal rollers are heated with steam.
- the adjustable line pressure is up to 500 kNm.
- the heating of the rollers and in particular the working speed of the compression calender 1 are chosen so that the paper web leaves the calender with a dry content of about 10%.
- the paper web 2 is introduced immediately after the exit from the compression calender 1 into a convection dryer, designated as a whole by 3, which, as shown in FIG. 1, is arranged in the exemplary embodiment directly next to the calender frame under the stage 4 on which the storage device for the Roll is located, from which the web 2 entering the compression calender 1 is drawn off.
- a convection dryer designated as a whole by 3 which, as shown in FIG. 1, is arranged in the exemplary embodiment directly next to the calender frame under the stage 4 on which the storage device for the Roll is located, from which the web 2 entering the compression calender 1 is drawn off.
- the convection dryer 3 contains several pairs of nozzles along the straight passage, each consisting of a nozzle 5, which is directed against the underside of the paper web 1, and a nozzle 6, which is directed against the top of the paper web. These nozzles 5 and 6 direct hot air flows against the paper web, through which the paper web is guided and its moisture content is reduced to the desired residual moisture, which is, for example, 6%. After exiting the convection dryer 3, the paper web is wound up again. It not only has the desired high compression, but also a smoothness that was previously not possible with natural paper.
- the web 2 emerging from the convection dryer 3 is advantageously guided over a cooling cylinder, not shown, designed in a known manner. You can then take full advantage of the performance of the convection dryer and thereby reduce its length to a minimum without having too high a paper temperature in the subsequent winding process.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Veredeln von Papier, bei dem eine Papierbahn, nachdem sie die Trockenpartie einer Papiermaschine verlassen hat, durch wenigstens einen Walzenspalt eines Kalanders, in dem auf sie ein Druck ausgeübt wird, hindurchgeführt und die Feuchtigkeit der Papierbahn auf einen Endwert vermindert wird. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for finishing paper, in which a paper web, after it has left the dryer section of a paper machine, is passed through at least one nip of a calender, in which pressure is exerted on it, and the moisture of the paper web is reduced to a final value becomes. The invention further relates to a device for performing such a method.
Für eine Veredelung von Papier mit dem Ziel einer Verdichtung auf ein hohes spezifisches Gewicht ist nicht nur ein hoher Liniendruck im Kalander erforderlich, sondern auch eine starke Befeuchtung der Papierbahn vor der im Kalander erfolgenden Behandlung. Da die geforderte Endfeuchte, die das Papier nach dieser Behandlung haben soll, wesentlich geringer ist als der zuvor vorhandene Feuchtigkeitsgehalt, muß die Papierbahn im Kalander auch getrocknet werden. Vielfach begrenzt deshalb die verlangte Endfeuchte die Leistungsfähigkeit des Kalanders, d. h., die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit der Papierbahn muß so gewählt werden, daß die Bahn beim Austritt aus dem Kalander die geforderte Endfeuchte hat, da im Hinblick auf die Trocknungskapazität des Kalanders der Trockenvorgang nicht intensiviert werden kann. Außerdem ist die Leistungsfähigkeit des Kalanders durch die thermische Standfähigkeit der Papierwalzen begrenzt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit dem die Beschränkungen, die bisher durch den Kalander bedingt waren, überwunden werden können. Diese Aufgabe löst ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.In order to refine paper with the aim of compressing it to a high specific weight, not only is high line pressure required in the calender, but also a strong moistening of the paper web before the treatment in the calender. Since the required final moisture, which the paper should have after this treatment, is significantly lower than the moisture content previously present, the paper web in the calender must also be dried. In many cases, therefore, the required final moisture limits the performance of the calender. that is, the throughput speed of the paper web must be selected so that the web has the required final moisture on leaving the calender, since the drying process cannot be intensified in view of the drying capacity of the calender. The calender's performance is also limited by the thermal stability of the paper rollers. The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which the restrictions that were previously caused by the calender can be overcome. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
Dadurch, daß die Bahn nach dem Durchlauf durch den Kalander einem Trocknungsprozeß unterworfen wird, kann der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der Bahn am Ende der Druckbehandlung wesentlich über der verlangten Endfeuchte liegen. Dies bietet die Möglichkeit, entweder den Kalander mit einer höheren Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit zu fahren oder einen Kalander mit einer geringeren Walzenzahl einzusetzen. Im erstgenannten Fall erreicht man eine beträchtliche Steigerung der Kalanderkapazität, was in vielen Fällen den Einsatz eines oder mehrerer zusätzlicher Kalander erübrigt. Da außerdem die Investitionskosten der erforderlichen zusätzlichen Trocknungseinrichtung wesentlich geringer sind als eines zusätzlichen Kalanders, erhöht sich hierdurch die Wirtschaftlichkeit wesentlich. Außerdem verringern sich bei einer geringeren Kalanderanzahl auch die spezifischen Personalkosten deutlich. Ebenso vermindert der Einsatz eines Kalanders mit geringerer Walzenzahl, also beispielsweise eines konventionellen Superkalanders nachgeschalteter Trocknungseinrichtung die Investitionskosten deutlich gegenüber einem Verdichtungskalander gleicher Leistungsfähigkeit, den die Bahn mit der geforderten Endfeuchte verläßt.Because the web is subjected to a drying process after it has passed through the calender, the moisture content of the web at the end of the pressure treatment can be substantially above the final moisture required. This makes it possible to either run the calender at a higher working speed or to use a calender with a lower number of rolls. In the former case, the calender capacity is increased considerably, which in many cases makes the use of one or more additional calenders unnecessary. In addition, since the investment costs of the required additional drying device are significantly lower than that of an additional calender, this increases the economic efficiency considerably. In addition, the specific personnel costs are significantly reduced if the number of calenders is lower. Likewise, the use of a calender with a smaller number of rolls, for example a conventional supercalender drying device, significantly reduces the investment costs compared to a compaction calender of the same performance, which the web leaves with the required final moisture.
Es ist zwar vorbekannt (EP-A-0 093 052), zur Herstellung von gestrichenem Papier für den Offsetdruck, das entweder für den Rotations-Offsetdruck oder für den Bogen-Offsetdruck geeignet ist, das Papier zunächst auf eine Feuchte von mehr als 6 %, insbesondere von 7 %, zu trocknen und dann von der Papierbahn denjenigen Teil abzutrennen, der für den Boden-Offsetdruck bestimmt ist. In einem zweiten Behandlungsschritt wird dann die Feuchtigkeit der Bahn auf den für den Rotations-Offsetdruck optimalen Wert von etwa 4 % beim Durchlauf durch eine Trocknungseinrichtung reduziert. Außerdem kann die Papierbahn zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Trocknungsvorgang kalandriert werden. Wegen des geringen Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes der Papierbahn ist aber der beim Kalandrieren erreichbare Veredelungseffekt gering. Ferner stellt diese Kalandrierung an den Kalander nur geringe Anforderungen hinsichtlich von dessen Trockenkapazität, weil die Feuchtigkeitreduzierung gering ist.Although it is previously known (EP-A-0 093 052), for the production of coated paper for offset printing, which is suitable either for rotary offset printing or for sheet-fed offset printing, the paper is firstly subjected to a moisture content of more than 6% , in particular of 7%, to dry and then to separate from the paper web that part which is intended for offset printing on the floor. In a second treatment step, the moisture of the web is then reduced to the value of approximately 4% that is optimal for the rotary offset printing as it passes through a drying device. In addition, the paper web can be calendered between the first and the second drying process. However, due to the low moisture content of the paper web, the finishing effect that can be achieved during calendering is low. Furthermore, this calendering places only slight demands on the calender in terms of its drying capacity because the moisture reduction is low.
Es ist ferner bekannt (Neues über das Satinieren, Wochenblatt für die Papierfabrikation, 11/12 1972, 447 bis 452; DE-A-15 61 651), statt mittels eines Satinierkalanders, dem die Papierbahn nach dem Verlassen der Trockenpartie einer Papiermaschine zugeführt wird, die Satinage in die Trockenpartie der Papiermaschine zu verlegen und zu diesem Zwecke den Trockenzylindern mit Ausnahme des letzten Trockenzylinders je eine elastische Walze zuzuordnen, die zusammen mit dem zugehörigen Trockenzylinder je einen von der Papierbahn zu durchlaufenden Spalt bilden, indem auf die Bahn ein Druck ausgeübt wird. Das Satiniervermögen einer in dieser Weise ausgerüsteten Trockenpartie ist jedoch wegen der vorhandenen Beschränkungen hinsichtlich der Anzahl der Walzenspalte und des anwendbaren Liniendruckes relativ gering.It is also known (news about satinizing, Wochenblatt für die Papierfabrikation, 11/12 1972, 447 to 452; DE-A-15 61 651) instead of using a calendering calender, to which the paper web is fed after leaving the dryer section of a paper machine to lay the satin finish in the dryer section of the paper machine and, for this purpose, to assign an elastic roller to each of the drying cylinders, with the exception of the last drying cylinder, which together with the associated drying cylinder each form a gap to be traversed by the paper web by exerting pressure on the web becomes. However, the satinizing capacity of a dryer section equipped in this way is relatively low because of the existing restrictions with regard to the number of nips and the line pressure that can be used.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet aber noch weitere, wesentliche Vorteile. Bei einer Behandlung der Papierbahn in einem Verdichtungskalander lassen sich durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wegen der höheren Feuchte der Bahn in den letzten Walzenspalten, in denen der höchste Liniendruck herrscht, die für hochverdichtete technische Papiere relevanten Eigenschaften, also das Raumgewicht, die Glätte, die Porosität und die Transparenz bedingten Eigenschaften, erheblich verbessern.However, the method according to the invention offers further essential advantages. During treatment The paper web in a compression calender can be due to the higher moisture of the web in the last nips in which the highest line pressure prevails, the properties relevant for highly compressed technical papers, i.e. the density, smoothness, porosity and transparency, due to the higher moisture of the web Properties, greatly improve.
Bei einer Satinage von Druckpapier in einem Satinierkalander läßt sich bel gleicher Verdichtung des Papiers wegen der höheren Feuchte, bei der die Satinage beendet wird, eine wesentlich höhere Glätte der Papierbahn erzielen, als dies bei den bekannten Verfahren der Fall ist. Zwar wird die erzielte Glätte durch die Nachtrocknung etwas verringert, sie liegt jedoch auch nach der Nachtrocknung noch wesentlich über den bisher erreichten Werten für Naturpapier, so daß zumindest in einer Reihe von Anwendungsfällen das teurere, gestrichene Druckpapier durch das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren veredelte Naturpapier ersetzt werden kann. Man kann aber auch die höhere Glättwirkung, welche mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erreicht wird, zu einer Reduzierung des Liniendrucks nutzen, so daß bei einer gegenüber bekannten Verfahren gleichen Glätte eine deutlich geringere Verdichtung der Papierbahn während der Satinage erfolgt. Selbstverständlich lassen sich auch Zwischenwerte zwischen maximaler Glätte bei gleichbleibender Verdichtung einerseits und minimaler Verdichtung bei gleichbleibender Glätte andererseits beliebig wählen.In the case of a satinizing of printing paper in a calendering calender, bel the same compression of the paper can achieve a much higher smoothness of the paper web than is the case with the known methods because of the higher moisture at which the calendering is ended. Although the smoothness achieved is somewhat reduced by post-drying, it is still significantly higher than the values previously achieved for natural paper even after post-drying, so that, at least in a number of applications, the more expensive, coated printing paper is replaced by the natural paper refined by the process according to the invention can be. However, the higher smoothing effect which is achieved with the method according to the invention can also be used to reduce the line pressure, so that with a smoothness which is the same as that of known methods, the paper web is significantly less compressed during calendering. Of course, intermediate values between maximum smoothness with constant compression on the one hand and minimal compression with constant smoothness on the other hand can also be selected as desired.
Schließlich bietet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch Vorteile in Verbindung mit einer Behandlung der Papierbahn in einem Inline-Kalander. Auch hier kann die Walzenzahl vermindert werden, wodurch beispielsweise daß Aufführen der Bahn vereinfacht wird, oder aber eine höhere Glätte erreicht werden, als dies bisher beispielsweise mit einem Glättwerk möglich war, selbst wenn man berücksichtigt, daß der Nachtrocknungsprozeß die erreichte Glätte wieder etwas verringert. Schließlich ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch eine Verminderung der Temperatur der Kalanderwalzen und/oder des Liniendrucks zur Erhöhung der Standzeit der Papierwalzen.Finally, the method according to the invention also offers advantages in connection with treatment of the paper web in an inline calender. Here, too, the number of rollers can be reduced, which, for example, simplifies the feeding of the web or achieves a higher smoothness than was previously possible, for example, with a smoothing unit, even if one takes into account that the post-drying process again slightly reduces the smoothness achieved. Finally, the method according to the invention also enables the temperature of the calender rolls and / or the line pressure to be reduced to increase the service life of the paper rolls.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird während des Trocknungsprozesses die Papierbahn einer Konvektionstrocknung unterworfen, da diese Art der Nachtrocknung besonders raum- und kostensparend ist. Es sind aber auch andere Trocknungsarten, beispielsweise eine Strahlungstrocknung mittels Infrarotstrahlung, oder eine Kontakttrocknung verwendbar, wobei letztere mittels beheizter Zylinder durchgeführt werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, the paper web is subjected to convection drying during the drying process, since this type of post-drying is particularly space-saving and cost-saving. However, other types of drying, for example radiation drying by means of infrared radiation, or contact drying, can also be used, the latter being able to be carried out by means of heated cylinders.
Der Erfindung liegt auch die Aufgabe zugrunde. eine kostengünstige Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu schaffen. Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 7 gelöst.The invention is also based on the object. to provide an inexpensive device for performing the method according to the invention. This object is achieved by the features of claim 7.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Konvektionstrockner längs der Durchlaufstrecke der Papierbahn mehrere im wesentlichen gegeneinander gerichtete Luftströme erzeugende Düsenpaare auf.In a preferred embodiment, the convection dryer has a plurality of pairs of nozzles which generate air currents which are directed essentially against one another along the passage of the paper web.
Im folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im einzelnen erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt in schematischer Ansicht einen Kalander mit nachgeordnetem Konvektionstrockner.The invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The single figure shows a schematic view of a calender with a downstream convection dryer.
In einen als Ganzes mit 1bezeichneten Verdichtungskalander bekannter Bauart wird eine Papierbahn 2 mit einem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt, der zwischen 15 % und 25 % beträgt, eingeführt, wobei der Durchlauf durch den Kalander in bekannter Weise am obersten Walzenspalt beginnt. Der Verdichtungskalander 1 hat 15 Arbeitswalzen. Seine Metallwalzen sind mit Dampf beheizt. Der einstellbare Liniendruck beträgt bis zu 500 kNm.A paper web 2 with a moisture content that is between 15% and 25% is introduced into a type of compression calender known as a whole with 1, the passage through the calender beginning in a known manner at the top nip. The compression calender 1 has 15 work rolls. Its metal rollers are heated with steam. The adjustable line pressure is up to 500 kNm.
Die Beheizung der Walzen und insbesondere die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit des Verdichtungskalanders 1 sind so gewählt, daß die Papierbahn den Kalander mit einem Trockengehalt von etwa 10 % verläßt.The heating of the rollers and in particular the working speed of the compression calender 1 are chosen so that the paper web leaves the calender with a dry content of about 10%.
Die Papierbahn 2 wird unmittelbar nach dem Austritt aus dem Verdichtungskalander 1 in einen als Ganzes mit 3 bezeichneten Konvektionstrockner eingeführt, der, wie die Figur 1 zeigt, im Ausführungsbeispiel unmittelbar neben dem Kalandergerüst unter der Bühne 4 angeordnet ist, auf dem sich die Lagerungsvorrichtung für die Rolle befindet, von der die in den Verdichtungskalander 1 einlaufende Papierbahn 2 abgezogen wird.The paper web 2 is introduced immediately after the exit from the compression calender 1 into a convection dryer, designated as a whole by 3, which, as shown in FIG. 1, is arranged in the exemplary embodiment directly next to the calender frame under the stage 4 on which the storage device for the Roll is located, from which the web 2 entering the compression calender 1 is drawn off.
Der Konvektionstrockner 3 enthält längs der geradlinigen Durchlaufstrecke mehrere Düsenpaare, die aus je einer Düse 5, die gegen die Unterseite der Papierbahn 1 gerichtet ist, und einer Düse 6, die gegen die Oberseite der Papierbahn gerichtet ist, bestehen. Diese Düsen 5 und 6 richten Heißluftströme gegen die Papierbahn, durch welche die Papierbahn geführt und ihr Feuchtigkeitsgehalt bis zu der gewünschten Restfeuchte vermindert wird, die beispielsweise 6 % beträgt. Nach dem Austritt aus dem Konvektionstrockner 3 wird die Papierbahn wieder aufgewickelt. Sie hat nicht nur die gewünschte hohe Verdichtung, sondern auch eine Glätte, wie sie bisher bei Naturpapier nicht erreicht werden konnte.The convection dryer 3 contains several pairs of nozzles along the straight passage, each consisting of a
Die aus dem Konvektionstrockner 3 austretende Bahn 2 wird vorteilhafterweise über einen in bekannter Weise ausgebildeten, nicht dargestellten Kühlzylinder geführt. Man kann dann die Leistung des Konvektionstrockners voll ausnutzen und dadurch seine Länge auf ein Minimum reduzieren, ohne eine zu hohe Papiertemperatur beim nachfolgenden Aufwickelvorgang zu haben.The web 2 emerging from the convection dryer 3 is advantageously guided over a cooling cylinder, not shown, designed in a known manner. You can then take full advantage of the performance of the convection dryer and thereby reduce its length to a minimum without having too high a paper temperature in the subsequent winding process.
Claims (9)
- A method of refining paper in which a paper web is passed, after it has exited from the dry part of a paper-making machine, through at least one roll gap of a calender, in which a pressure is exerted on the paper web, the moisture content thereof being reduced to a final value, characterised in that the paper web is passed out of the roll gap or the last of the roll gaps with a moisture content which is above the final value of moisture content after which, to reduce the moisture content to the final value, it is subjected to a drying process by passing through a drying apparatus.
- A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that upon passage of the paper web through a calender having a number of rollers which make it possible for the web to attain the final level of moisture content upon emergence, and in which some of the rollers are heated, the operating speed of the calender is increased as required to achieve a moisture content which is above the final value of moisture content required at emergence from the calender.
- A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that passage of the paper web through the roll gap or roll gaps takes place at a reduced line pressure.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that passage of the paper web through the roll gap or roll gaps takes place at a reduced roll temperature.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that in order to achieve in the paper web a moisture content which is above the final moisture content level required upon emergence from the last roll gap, an apparatus is employed which has a reduced number of roll gaps.
- A method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that during the drying process, the paper web is subjected to convection drying.
- An apparatus for carrying out the method according to Claim 1, characterised in that a drying apparatus (3) is disposed on the downstream side of an arrangement which is constructed as a compaction calender (1) or as a satinising calender or as a mechanical smoothing mechanism.
- An apparatus according to Claim 7, characterised in that the drying apparatus is constructed as a convection dryer (3).
- An apparatus according to Claim 8, characterised in that the convection dryer (3) has, extending lengthwise of the passage which is followed by the paper web a plurality of pairs of nozzles (5, 6) which generate streams of air which are directed substantially towards one another.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85105760T ATE39373T1 (en) | 1984-07-28 | 1985-05-10 | PROCESS FOR REFINING PAPER AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3427967A DE3427967C2 (en) | 1984-07-28 | 1984-07-28 | Process for finishing paper and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| DE3427967 | 1984-07-28 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0169988A2 EP0169988A2 (en) | 1986-02-05 |
| EP0169988A3 EP0169988A3 (en) | 1986-12-30 |
| EP0169988B1 EP0169988B1 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| EP0169988B2 true EP0169988B2 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
Family
ID=6241870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85105760A Expired - Lifetime EP0169988B2 (en) | 1984-07-28 | 1985-05-10 | Process for grading paper, and apparatus for the application of the process |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0169988B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE39373T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3427967C2 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI82108C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425851A (en) * | 1991-10-23 | 1995-06-20 | Westvaco Corporation | Method for improving the printability of web offset paper |
| DE4335053A1 (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-04-20 | Kleinewefers Gmbh | Method and device for finishing a paper web |
| DE102008043867A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-20 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method and device for treating release base papers and separator tube paper |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB673526A (en) * | 1950-07-07 | 1952-06-04 | Riegel Paper Corp | Improvements in manufacture of paper |
| JPS5951638B2 (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1984-12-14 | 神崎製紙 （株） | Method for producing roughened paper with uniform transparency |
-
1984
- 1984-07-28 DE DE3427967A patent/DE3427967C2/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-05-10 EP EP85105760A patent/EP0169988B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-05-10 DE DE8585105760T patent/DE3566916D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-10 AT AT85105760T patent/ATE39373T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-07-15 FI FI852773A patent/FI82108C/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0169988A3 (en) | 1986-12-30 |
| FI82108C (en) | 1991-01-10 |
| DE3427967C2 (en) | 1986-07-24 |
| ATE39373T1 (en) | 1989-01-15 |
| EP0169988B1 (en) | 1988-12-21 |
| DE3427967A1 (en) | 1986-02-06 |
| FI852773A0 (en) | 1985-07-15 |
| FI852773L (en) | 1986-01-29 |
| DE3566916D1 (en) | 1989-01-26 |
| FI82108B (en) | 1990-09-28 |
| EP0169988A2 (en) | 1986-02-05 |
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