EP0156720A1 - Method and apparatus for perforating the sides of metallic, deep-drawn work pieces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for perforating the sides of metallic, deep-drawn work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156720A1
EP0156720A1 EP85400460A EP85400460A EP0156720A1 EP 0156720 A1 EP0156720 A1 EP 0156720A1 EP 85400460 A EP85400460 A EP 85400460A EP 85400460 A EP85400460 A EP 85400460A EP 0156720 A1 EP0156720 A1 EP 0156720A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
pattern
columns
elementary
perforations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400460A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0156720B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Suinat
René Suinat
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SUINAT
Original Assignee
SUINAT
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SUINAT filed Critical SUINAT
Priority to AT85400460T priority Critical patent/ATE35636T1/en
Publication of EP0156720A1 publication Critical patent/EP0156720A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156720B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156720B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/28—Perforating, i.e. punching holes in tubes or other hollow bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/384—By tool inside hollow work
    • Y10T83/387—Interrelated tool feed means and means to actuate work immobilizer
    • Y10T83/388—Actuated clamp element and work holder coact to position work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/384—By tool inside hollow work
    • Y10T83/395—One tool having only rectilinear motion[s]
    • Y10T83/40—Multiple external active tools
    • Y10T83/401—Tools operate in a substantially common transverse plane of cut
    • Y10T83/402—With tool actuating cams on a common support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/566—Interrelated tool actuating means and means to actuate work immobilizer
    • Y10T83/5669—Work clamp
    • Y10T83/5787—Clamp driven by yieldable means
    • Y10T83/5796—Drive means is resilient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8748—Tool displaceable to inactive position [e.g., for work loading]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8821—With simple rectilinear reciprocating motion only
    • Y10T83/8841—Tool driver movable relative to tool support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
    • Y10T83/9411—Cutting couple type
    • Y10T83/9423—Punching tool
    • Y10T83/944—Multiple punchings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for laterally perforating metal parts, in particular stamped parts.
  • Such a method makes it possible to open up parts, in particular for a technical or decorative purpose, and more particularly relates to precision openwork in which a large number of immediately adjacent perforations are produced in a room, by punching.
  • immediate adjacent perforations is meant perforations such that the distance corresponding to their mutual distance is substantially equal to or less than the width of these perforations.
  • French patent n ° 1 048 866 relates to a process for perforating by punching a cylindrical part from an elementary pattern which comprises several perforations spaced from one another and extending along a generatrix of the part: after execution of this pattern, the part is axially shifted to open it again according to this same pattern, by intercalating the perforations made second with those made first; then a slight rotation of the part is carried out to make another series of perforations adjacent to the previous ones, and obtained in the same way.
  • one of the aims of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for laterally perforating metal parts of elongated shape with straight generator, in particular cylindrical parts, by means of a large number of conventional punches operating simultaneously.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for perforating metal parts, which is automated and of great rapidity of execution.
  • a method for perforate an elongated metal part with a straight generator in order to obtain, in several successive passes, a pattern which extends over a large part of the length of the generator and which is constituted by a large number of adjacent perforations in the side wall of this part, this process consisting in repeating at least one elementary pattern which comprises a part of the perforations and which extends over the entire height of the pattern to be produced.
  • this elementary pattern is executed in a single pass, two adjacent elementary patterns being executed during different passes.
  • pairs of elementary patterns are made at each pass, each consisting of two elementary patterns symmetrical with respect to the axis of the cylindrical part, and a partial rotation of the part is carried out along its axis, between two consecutive passes .
  • the elementary patterns are nested circumferentially.
  • At least two different elementary patterns are used.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing this method, which comprises a vertical press; a plurality of columns which extend at least over a substantial part of the length of the generator of the elongated part, and which are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table, along axes converging towards the central axis of the press; means for transforming the downward movement of the mobile part of the press into a simultaneous horizontal displacement of the columns towards the central axis of the press and for ensuring the return of the columns to their initial position when the mobile part rises, these means cooperating with the columns at least in the axially median zone thereof; a plurality of horizontal punches which are carried by the front face of each column facing the center of the press and which are arranged essentially one below the other over the entire height of the column, these punches removing intended to penetrate openings of corresponding section made in a bighorn fixed vertically in the center of the table, this bighorn having a diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the cylindrical piece to be cut out and being capped by this piece
  • each column is provided on its front face with a horizontal sliding stop, compression springs being interposed between the stop and the column, the punches passing through the stop and flush with its front face when the movable part of the press is in high position, and this stopper being progressively pressed against the bighorn when the movable part descends.
  • the means for simultaneously operating the columns comprise an arm which is rigidly suspended from the movable part of the press, which cooperates with a recess made in a shoulder of the columns situated in the axially median zone thereof, and which has a part in the form of a ramp, the recess having a corresponding ramp shape, the ramp-shaped part of the arm being extended by a vertical part which cooperates with a recess made in the press table.
  • Figure 1 shows the developed side wall 1 of a cylindrical metal piece of elongated shape to be perforated in a pattern which extends over a large part of the length of the generator of this part and over the entire periphery of this part.
  • This pattern consists of the juxtaposition of a large number of small areas, the shape of which is chosen from: a large rectangle 2, a large beveled rectangle 3, a small beveled rectangle 4, a small square 5 or a small triangle 6.
  • the method according to the invention consists of perforating the wall 1 of the cylindrical part along each of these surfaces.
  • the pattern itself which is here a decorative pattern, in a certain way.
  • the pattern is obtained by alternately repeating two juxtaposed elementary patterns 7, 8, which extend mainly along two respective generatrices of the cylindrical piece and over the entire height of the pattern to be produced.
  • Each elementary pattern 7, 8, consists mainly of an alternation of rectangles 2 and of squares 5 arranged one below the other along these generatrices.
  • the two elementary patterns 7, 8, are arranged in a single spacing, around the entire periphery of the cylindrical part and are each repeated eight times, according to this embodiment, each of them being executed in a single pass. It is therefore a question of making a total of sixteen openings in the cylindrical part. It will be noted that the two patterns 7, 8 are nested circumferentially.
  • FIG. 2 represents the sixteen angular portions corresponding to the openings to be produced.
  • Eight angular portions 71 to 78 relate to the elementary pattern 7
  • eight portions 81 to 88 alternating with the previous ones relate to the elementary pattern 8.
  • the angular portion 85 underlies the cylinder portion 9 along which the pattern 8 extends.
  • the angle between the median planes 10, 11 of two adjacent angular portions always has the same value A.
  • the cylindrical part is openwork according to the four arrows 701,702, 801, 802 at each pass, the openings according to the arrows 701, 702 reproducing the elementary pattern 7 and those according to the arrows 801, 802 the elementary pattern 8.
  • These four arrows are located in extension of the median plane of four angular portions (71, 72) and (81,82) symmetrical two by two with respect to the axis of the cylindrical part.
  • the angle B between the arrows 701 and 801, or 702 and 802 is equal to three times the angle A.
  • the angle C ⁇ between the arrows 701 and 802, or 702 and 801 is equal to 5 times the angle A.
  • the first pass therefore allows the simultaneous execution of the four openings 71, 72, 81, 82, the angular portions of which are arranged opposite the arrows 701, 702, 801, 802.
  • the cylindrical part is then rotated around its axis. in the direction of arrow 12, with an angular value equal to twice the angle A. This has the effect of placing the angular portions (73, 74, 83, 84) respectively in front of the arrows (701, 702, 801 , 802) and make the corresponding cutouts.
  • a new rotation of the cylindrical part of the same value allows in the same way to make the openings - (75, 76, 85, 86).
  • a final rotation finally allows for the perforations (77, 78, 87, 88).
  • the elementary patterns 7, 8 are alternated, and that two adjacent openings are made during passes different.
  • FIG. 3 as a whole represents a device making it possible to implement the method described above concerning the addition of cylindrical parts. It comprises a vertical press 20 whose slide 21, provided with a sole 22, cooperates with a press table 23. The cylindrical part to be cut out is mounted vertically in the center of the press table 23, on a bighorn 24. Four columns 25 to 28 provided with punches are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table 23 around the bighorn 24. They are set in motion by four arms 29 to 32 suspended from the sole 22 of the press slide 21, when the latter moves vertically.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show in detail the device of the invention.
  • the four columns 25 to 28 are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table 23, along two horizontal axes 700, 800 passing through the vertical central axis 33 of the press.
  • the two axes 700, 800 are offset by an angle B, and by a complementary angle C defined in relation to FIG. 2.
  • the four columns 25 to 28, their guide means, as well as the arms 29 to 32 are identical . Also, only the characteristics relating to column 25 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and described.
  • Column 25 is higher than that of the cylindrical part to be perforated. Its front face 34 is oriented towards the central axis 33 of the press and carries a plurality of punches 47 -of which only a few are shown in Figure 5- extending horizontally towards the axis 33 of the press and arranged one below the others, immediately adjacent, over the entire height of the pattern to be produced.
  • the front face 34 of the column 25 also carries horizontal pins 48 making it possible to slide a stopper 50 disposed in front of the front face 34.
  • the pins 48 and the punches 47 are pressed on the column 25 by a sole 51.
  • the stopper 50 has through channels 52 for the passage of punches 47, and through channels 54 for the passage of pins 48.
  • pins 49 limit the sliding of the stopper 50 in the direction of the force exerted by the springs 53; they pass through the column 25 and its sole 51 and are screwed into the stopper 50.
  • the pins 49 have an end shoulder 56 which abuts against the column 25 at the end of the front stroke of the stopper 50.
  • the front face 55 of the stopper 50 has a curvature corresponding to that of the bighorn 24. At the end of the front stroke of the stopper 50 the punches 47 are flush with its front face 55 by their free end.
  • the means for moving and storing the column 25 will now be explained.
  • the column 25 is provided with a rear parallelepiped shoulder 35. This extends perpendicular to the column 25, starting from the axially middle zone of the column.
  • a parallelepipedal guide 37 is interposed between the shoulder 35 of the column 25 and the press table 23. Its height is such that the column 25 does not rest on the press table 23 but is slightly distant from it.
  • the shoulder 35 of the column 25 has two grooves 36 projecting laterally and sliding in corresponding grooves of the guide 37. It is provided with a recess 38 passing through it between its two horizontal faces. This recess 38 has two side walls 39, 40 vertical and two front walls 41, 42 in the form of a ramp inclined towards the press table 23 and radially outward relative to the axis 33 of the press.
  • the guide 37 and the press table 23 each have a vertical recess 43, 44 arranged directly above the recess 38.
  • the sole 22 of the press slide rigidly carries the hanging arm 29.
  • the latter has a shaped part ramp 45 complementary to the recess 38 of the shoulder 35.
  • the ramp-shaped part 45 is extended by a vertical part 46 which has, in section, dimensions very slightly; ely smaller than those of the recess 44 of press table 23.
  • the arm 29 crosses the shoulder ment 35 of column 25, guide 37 and press table 23, in line with their respective recesses.
  • the ramp-shaped part 45 of the arm 29, cooperating with the recess 38 in the shoulder 35, causes the column 25 to move towards the bighorn 24.
  • the vertical part 46 of the arm 29 comes lodge in the recess 44 of the press table: the arm 29 is thus rigidly held by its end. It follows that this arm can transmit to the column 25 a significant force, and oppose the reaction force generated by the punching, without buckling. With this arrangement, the number of punches 47, per column, can be large, without the need to size the arm 29, and therefore the entire device, prohibitively.
  • the middle position of the shoulder 35 on the column 25 ensures a good distribution of the force on this column.
  • the sole of the press slide 22 is positioned in its vertical movement relative to the press table 23 by two alignment pins 57, 58 secured to the press table 23, and sliding in sockets 59, 60 secured to the sole 22 of the press slide.
  • the bighorn 24 is of generally cylindrical shape corresponding to that of the part to be perforated, which will come to cap the bighorn 24. In general this bighorn 24 has the same shape as the part to be perforated. It is fixed to the center of the press table 23, and is located opposite the front face 55 of the stopper 50.
  • the bighorn 24 is hollow and also has openings 61 in its side wall, the section of which corresponds to that of punches 47, these openings 61 being located exactly opposite the punches 47.
  • An automatic chip evacuation device is advantageously connected to the inside of the bighorn 24. On the sole 22, and facing the bighorn 24, is suspended a finger 62 which firmly presses the cylindrical part to be cut out on the bighorn, in the low position of the sole 22, to ensure the precise positioning of the part.
  • the cylindrical part is rotated by an angle equal to twice the angle A and in the direction of the arrow 12 in accordance with FIG. 2.
  • a second descent of the sole 22 will make it possible to produce the second group of openings (73, 74, 83, 84).
  • the perforated cylindrical part is removed from the bighorn and replaced by a non-perforated part.
  • each punch can be provided with a detector making it possible to detect a possible break.
  • the different detectors are managed by a system IT which indicated every possible breakdown, and which localized it.
  • the nesting process of several elementary patterns very advantageously makes it possible to open up the same room area in several stages, so as to stress the wall of the room as little as possible. In the case of extremely dense openwork, a one-pass process is hardly possible. Furthermore, the decomposition of the wall of the room into a large number of portions (71 to 78 and 81 to 88) makes it possible to make an openwork almost perpendicular to this wall; the openings thus have edges perpendicular to this wall. According to the invention, it is possible to perforate not only stamped but also extruded parts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process and a device for perforating a metallic piece of elongated shape and with straight generatrix, with a view to obtaining, in several successive passes, a pattern which extends over a considerable part of the length of said generatrix and which is constituted by a large number of adjacent perforations in the lateral wall of this piece, said process consisting in repeating at least one elementary pattern which comprises a part of said perforations and which extends over the whole height of the pattern to be made. According to the invention, this elementary pattern is made in one pass, two adjacent elementary patterns being made during different passes. The invention is more particularly applicable to the precision-production of technical and decorative perforations.

Description

L'invention est relative à un procède et à un dispositif pour ajourer latéralement des pièces métalliques, notamment embouties. Un tel procédé permet d'ajourer des pièces, notamment dans un but technique ou décoratif, et concerne plus particulièrement l'ajourage de précision dans lequel on réalise dans une pièce un grand nombre de perforations immédiatement adjacentes, par poinçonnage. Par "perforations immédiatement adjacentes", il faut entendre des perforations telles que la distance correspondant à leur éloignement mutuel est sensiblement égale ou inférieure à la largeur de ces perforations.The invention relates to a method and a device for laterally perforating metal parts, in particular stamped parts. Such a method makes it possible to open up parts, in particular for a technical or decorative purpose, and more particularly relates to precision openwork in which a large number of immediately adjacent perforations are produced in a room, by punching. By "immediately adjacent perforations" is meant perforations such that the distance corresponding to their mutual distance is substantially equal to or less than the width of these perforations.

Il existe déjà des procédés et des dispositifs permettant d'ajourer des pièces métalliques selon un grand nombre de perforations adjacentes, pour fabriquer notamment des boîtiers filtrants ou des éléments décoratifs.There are already methods and devices making it possible to open up metal parts according to a large number of adjacent perforations, in particular for manufacturing filter boxes or decorative elements.

Le brevet français n° 1 048 866 est relatif à un procédé pour ajourer par poinçonnage une pièce cylindrique à partir d'un motif élémentaire qui comprend plusieurs perforations espacées les unes des autres et s'étendant le long d'une génératrice de la pièce : après exécution de ce motif, on décale axialement la pièce pour l'ajourer à nouveau selon ce même motif, en intercalant les perforations effectuées en second avec celles effectuées en premier ; puis on effectue une légère rotation de la pièce pour effectuer une autre série de perforations adjacentes aux précédentes, et obtenues de la même façon.French patent n ° 1 048 866 relates to a process for perforating by punching a cylindrical part from an elementary pattern which comprises several perforations spaced from one another and extending along a generatrix of the part: after execution of this pattern, the part is axially shifted to open it again according to this same pattern, by intercalating the perforations made second with those made first; then a slight rotation of the part is carried out to make another series of perforations adjacent to the previous ones, and obtained in the same way.

Selon un tel procédé, il est nécessaire d'effectuer un très grand nombre de passes pour ajourer la pièce sur toute sa périphérie. En outre, le dispositif associé est complexe car il doit imprimer à la pièce des mouvements de translation axiale et de rotation.According to such a method, it is necessary to make a very large number of passes to open up the part over its entire periphery. In addition, the associated device is complex because it must impart to the piece movements of axial translation and rotation.

Il existe aussi des procédés et dispositifs permettant d'effectuer plusieurs perforations espacées dans une pièce. Ainsi, selon le brevet britannique N° 1 172 763, on ajoure une pièce, notamment cylindrique, en une seule passe et selon plusieurs génératrices simultanément. On réalise cependant un faible nombre de perforations. Un résultat analogue est obtenu selon le procédé décrit dans le brevet américain N° 2 354 860 : on exécute des paires de lignes de perforations qui sont symétriques par rapport à l'axe de la pièce, par passages successifs devant plusieurs lignes de poinçons, une paire de lignes de perforations étant réalisée à chaque passage.There are also methods and devices for performing multiple spaced apart perforations in a room. Thus, according to British Patent No. 1,172,763, a part, in particular cylindrical, is perforated in a single pass and according to several generators simultaneously. However, a small number of perforations are produced. A similar result is obtained according to the method described in US Patent No. 2,354,860: pairs of perforation lines are executed which are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the part, by successive passages in front of several lines of punches, a pair of perforation lines being made on each pass.

Selon le brevet américain N° 1 398 320, on exécute à chaque passe, une ligne de perforations espacées le long d'une génératrice d'une pièce cylindrique, et l'on effectue une rotation élémentaire de la pièce, pour exécuter une autre ligne de perforations adjacente à la précédente.According to American Patent No. 1,398,320, a line of perforations spaced along a generatrix of a cylindrical part is executed at each pass, and an elementary rotation of the part is carried out, to execute another line of perforations adjacent to the previous one.

Selon les brevets britannique N° 249 422 et améri- cain N° 2 315 340, on réalise, uniquement dans un plan transversal déterminé d'une pièce cylindrique, plusieurs perforations espacées périphériquement.According to British Patent No. 249,422 and Ameri- cain No. 2,315,340, is carried out, only in a transverse plane defined by a cylindrical part, a number of circumferentially spaced perforations.

Il apparaît donc, selon tous ces brevets, que l'on ne peut effectuer qu'un nombre limité de perforations dans une pièce, en une passe ; de plus, seul le brevet français précité est relatif à des perforations adjacentes telles que précédemment définies, les autres brevets concernant tous des perforations espacées les unes des autres.It therefore appears, according to all these patents, that one can only perform a limited number of perforations in a room, in one pass; in addition, only the aforementioned French patent relates to adjacent perforations as defined above, the other patents all relating to perforations spaced from one another.

Aussi, un des buts de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé et un dispositif pour ajourer latéralement des pièces métalliques de forme allongée à génératrice droite, notamment des pièces cylindriques, au moyen d'un grand nombre de poinçons classiques opérant simultanément.Also, one of the aims of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for laterally perforating metal parts of elongated shape with straight generator, in particular cylindrical parts, by means of a large number of conventional punches operating simultaneously.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé pour ajourer des pièces métalliques, qui est automatisable et d'une grande rapidité d'exécution.Another object of the invention is to provide a method for perforating metal parts, which is automated and of great rapidity of execution.

Ces buts ainsi que d'autres qui apparaîtront par la suite, sont atteints, selon l'invention, par un procédé pour ajourer une pièce métallique de forme allongée à génératrice droite, en vue d'obtenir, en plusieurs passes successives, un motif qui s'étend sur une partie importante de la longueur de la génératrice et qui est constitué par un grand nombre de perforations adjacentes dans la paroi latérale de cette pièce, ce procédé consistant à répéter au moins un motif élémentaire qui comprend une partie des perforations et qui s'Étend sur toute la hauteur du motif à réaliser. Selon l'invention, ce motif élémentaire est exécuté en une seule passe, deux motifs élémentaires adjacents étant exécutés durant des passes différentes.These and other objects which will appear subsequently are achieved, according to the invention, by a method for perforate an elongated metal part with a straight generator, in order to obtain, in several successive passes, a pattern which extends over a large part of the length of the generator and which is constituted by a large number of adjacent perforations in the side wall of this part, this process consisting in repeating at least one elementary pattern which comprises a part of the perforations and which extends over the entire height of the pattern to be produced. According to the invention, this elementary pattern is executed in a single pass, two adjacent elementary patterns being executed during different passes.

De préférence, on réalise à chaque passe des paires de motifs élémentaires constituées chacune de deux motifs élémentaires symétriques par rapport à l'axe de la pièce cylindrique, et l'on effectue une rotation partielle de la pièce selon son axe, entre deux passes consécutives.Preferably, pairs of elementary patterns are made at each pass, each consisting of two elementary patterns symmetrical with respect to the axis of the cylindrical part, and a partial rotation of the part is carried out along its axis, between two consecutive passes .

Avantageusement, on imbrique circonférentiellement les motifs élémentaires.Advantageously, the elementary patterns are nested circumferentially.

De préférence on utilise au moins deux motifs élémentaires différents.Preferably, at least two different elementary patterns are used.

L'invention concerne aussi un dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre ce procédé,qui comprend une presse verticale ; une pluralité de colonnes qui s'étendent au moins sur une partie importante de la longueur de la génératrice de la pièce de forme allongée, et qui sont montées à coulissement horizontal sur la table de presse, selon des axes convergents vers l'axe central de la presse ; des moyens pour transformer le mouvement de descente de la partie mobile de la presse en un déplacement horizontal simultané des colonnes vers l'axe central de la presse et pour assurer le retour des colonnes à leur position initiale lors de la remontée de la partie mobile, ces moyens coopérant avec les colonnes au moins dans la zone axialement médiane de celles-ci ; une pluralité de poinçons horizontaux qui sont portés par la face frontale de chaque colonne tournée vers le centre de la presse et qui sont disposés essentiellement les uns au-dessous des autres sur toute la hauteur de la colonne, ces poinçons ôtant destinés à pénétrer dans des ouvertures de section correspondante pratiquées dans une bigorne fixée verticalement au centre de la table, cette bigorne ayant un diamètre correspondant au diamètre intérieur de la pièce cylindrique à ajourer et étant coiffée par cette pièce.The invention also relates to a device for implementing this method, which comprises a vertical press; a plurality of columns which extend at least over a substantial part of the length of the generator of the elongated part, and which are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table, along axes converging towards the central axis of the press; means for transforming the downward movement of the mobile part of the press into a simultaneous horizontal displacement of the columns towards the central axis of the press and for ensuring the return of the columns to their initial position when the mobile part rises, these means cooperating with the columns at least in the axially median zone thereof; a plurality of horizontal punches which are carried by the front face of each column facing the center of the press and which are arranged essentially one below the other over the entire height of the column, these punches removing intended to penetrate openings of corresponding section made in a bighorn fixed vertically in the center of the table, this bighorn having a diameter corresponding to the inside diameter of the cylindrical piece to be cut out and being capped by this piece.

De préférence chaque colonne est pourvue sur sa face frontale d'un butoir à coulissement horizontal, des ressorts de compression étant intercalés entre le butoir et la colonne, les poinçons traversant le butoir et affleurant sa face avant lorsque la partie mobile de la presse est en position haute, et ce butoir étant progressivement plaqué contre la bigorne lorsque la partie mobile descend.Preferably, each column is provided on its front face with a horizontal sliding stop, compression springs being interposed between the stop and the column, the punches passing through the stop and flush with its front face when the movable part of the press is in high position, and this stopper being progressively pressed against the bighorn when the movable part descends.

Avantageusement les moyens de manoeuvre simultanée des colonnes comprennent un bras qui est suspendu rigidement à la partie mobile de la presse, qui coopère avec un évidement pratiqué dans un épaulement des colonnes situé dans la zone axialement médiane de celles-ci,et qui présente une partie en forme de rampe , l'évidement présentant une forme de rampe correspondante, la partie en forme de rampe du bras étant prolonqée par une partie verticale qui coopère avec un évicement pratiqué dans la table de presse.Advantageously, the means for simultaneously operating the columns comprise an arm which is rigidly suspended from the movable part of the press, which cooperates with a recess made in a shoulder of the columns situated in the axially median zone thereof, and which has a part in the form of a ramp, the recess having a corresponding ramp shape, the ramp-shaped part of the arm being extended by a vertical part which cooperates with a recess made in the press table.

La description d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention qui va suivre et qui ne présente aucun caractère limitatif, doit être lue en regard des figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue partielle en plan d'un motif à réaliser selon le procédé de l'invention ;
  • La figure 2 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus de la pièce à ajourer, et les différentes phases du procédé selon l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une presse destinée à mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la table de presse équipée des poinçons à ajourer ; et
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne V-V de la figure 4.
The description of an embodiment of the invention which follows and which does not have any limiting character, must be read with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a partial plan view of a pattern to be produced according to the method of the invention;
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a top view of the workpiece, and the different phases of the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of a press for implementing the method according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the press table equipped with perforating punches; and
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view along the line VV of FIG. 4.

La figure 1 représente la paroi latérale développée 1 d'une pièce métallique cylindrique de forme allongée à ajourer suivant un motif qui s'étend sur une partie importante de la longueur de la génératrice de cette pièce et sur tout le pourtour de cette pièce. Ce motif est constitué par la juxtaposition d'un grand nombre de petites surfaces dont la forme est choisie parmi : un grand rectangle 2, un grand rectangle biseauté 3, un petit rectangle biseauté 4, un petit carré 5 ou un petit triangle 6. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste à ajourer la paroi 1 de la pièce cylindrique selon chacune de ces surfaces.Figure 1 shows the developed side wall 1 of a cylindrical metal piece of elongated shape to be perforated in a pattern which extends over a large part of the length of the generator of this part and over the entire periphery of this part. This pattern consists of the juxtaposition of a large number of small areas, the shape of which is chosen from: a large rectangle 2, a large beveled rectangle 3, a small beveled rectangle 4, a small square 5 or a small triangle 6. The method according to the invention consists of perforating the wall 1 of the cylindrical part along each of these surfaces.

De façon à pouvoir mettre en oeuvre ce procédé avec le meilleur profit, il est nécessaire de concevoir le motif lui-même, qui est ici un motif décoratif, d'une certaine manière. Dans le cas présent d'une pièce cylindrique, le motif est obtenu mn répétant alternativement deux motifs élémentaires juxtaposés 7, 8, qui s'étendent principalement selon deux génératrices respectives de la pièce cylindrique et sur toute la hauteur du motif à réaliser.In order to be able to implement this process with the best profit, it is necessary to design the pattern itself, which is here a decorative pattern, in a certain way. In the present case of a cylindrical piece, the pattern is obtained by alternately repeating two juxtaposed elementary patterns 7, 8, which extend mainly along two respective generatrices of the cylindrical piece and over the entire height of the pattern to be produced.

Chaque motif élémentaire 7,8, est constitué principalement par une alternance de rectangles 2 et de carrés 5 disposés les uns au-dessous des autres selon ces génératrices. Les deux motifs élémentaires 7, 8, sont disposés selon un espacement unique, sur tout le pourtour de la pièce cylindrique et sont répétés chacun huit fois, selon cet exemple de réalisation, chacun d'eux étant exécuté en une seule passe. Il s'agit donc de réaliser au total seize ajourages dans la pièce cylindrique. On notera que les deux motifs 7, 8 sont imbriqués circonférentiellement.Each elementary pattern 7, 8, consists mainly of an alternation of rectangles 2 and of squares 5 arranged one below the other along these generatrices. The two elementary patterns 7, 8, are arranged in a single spacing, around the entire periphery of the cylindrical part and are each repeated eight times, according to this embodiment, each of them being executed in a single pass. It is therefore a question of making a total of sixteen openings in the cylindrical part. It will be noted that the two patterns 7, 8 are nested circumferentially.

La figure 2 représente les seize portions angulaires correspondant aux ajourages à réaliser. Huit portions angulaires 71 à 78 sont relatives au motif élémentaire 7, et huit portions 81 à 88 alternant avec les précédentes sont relatives au motif élémentaire 8. Par exemple, la portion angulaire 85 sous-tend la portion de.cylindre 9 le long de laquelle s'étend le motif 8. Pour plus de clarté, on n'a pas représenté l'imbrication des ajourages, et donc celle des différentes portions angulaires, lesquelles présentent en principe des zones de recouvrement mutuel. L'angle entre les plans médians 10, 11 de deux portions angulaires adjacentes a toujours la même valeur A.FIG. 2 represents the sixteen angular portions corresponding to the openings to be produced. Eight angular portions 71 to 78 relate to the elementary pattern 7, and eight portions 81 to 88 alternating with the previous ones relate to the elementary pattern 8. For example, the angular portion 85 underlies the cylinder portion 9 along which the pattern 8 extends. For greater clarity, the interlocking of the openings has not been shown, and therefore that of the different angular portions, which in principle have areas of mutual overlap. The angle between the median planes 10, 11 of two adjacent angular portions always has the same value A.

Il va maintenant être explique dans quel ordre sont. exécutés les seize ajourages numérotés par leurs partions angulaires correspondantes 71 à 78 et 81 à 88. Ceux-ci sont exécutés en quatre passes successives : quatre ajourages sont simultanément réalisés durant chaque passe, et deux ajourages adjacents tels que (85, 72) ou (81, 75) sont toujours réalisés durant des passes différentes. Sur la figure 2 sont représentés de façon distincte les quatre groupes d'ajourages (71, 72, 81, 82), (73, 74, 83, 84), (75, 76, 85, 86), (77, 78, 87, 88) correspondant aux quatre passes successives.It will now be explained in what order are. executed the sixteen openings numbered by their corresponding angular partitions 71 to 78 and 81 to 88. These are executed in four successive passes: four openings are simultaneously made during each pass, and two adjacent openings such as (85, 72) or ( 81, 75) are always carried out during different passes. In Figure 2 are represented separately the four groups of openings (71, 72, 81, 82), (73, 74, 83, 84), (75, 76, 85, 86), (77, 78, 87, 88) corresponding to the four successive passes.

Pour réaliser ces ajourages, on ajoure la pièce cylindrique selon les quatre flèches 701,702, 801, 802 à chaque passe, les ajourages selon les flèches 701, 702 reproduisant le motif élémentaire 7 et ceux selon les flèches 801, 802 le motif élémentaire 8. Ces quatre flèches sont situées en prolongement du plan médian de quatre portions angulaires (71, 72) et (81,82) symétriques deux à deux par rapport à l'axe de la pièce cylindrique. Par ailleurs, l'angle B entre les flèches 701 et 801, ou 702 et 802, est égal à trois fois l'angle A. Il en résulte que l'angle C <ntre les flèches 701 et 802, ou 702 et 801, est égal à 5 fois l'angle A.To make these openings, the cylindrical part is openwork according to the four arrows 701,702, 801, 802 at each pass, the openings according to the arrows 701, 702 reproducing the elementary pattern 7 and those according to the arrows 801, 802 the elementary pattern 8. These four arrows are located in extension of the median plane of four angular portions (71, 72) and (81,82) symmetrical two by two with respect to the axis of the cylindrical part. Furthermore, the angle B between the arrows 701 and 801, or 702 and 802, is equal to three times the angle A. As a result, the angle C <between the arrows 701 and 802, or 702 and 801, is equal to 5 times the angle A.

La première passe permet donc l'exécution simultanée des quatre ajourages 71, 72, 81, 82 dont les portions angulaires sont disposées en regard des flèches 701, 702, 801, 802. On effectue alors une rotation de la pièce cylindrique autour de son axe dans le sens de la flèche 12, d'une valeur angulaire égale à deux fois l'angle A. Ceci a pour effet de disposer les portions angulaires (73, 74, 83, 84) respectivement devant les flèches (701, 702, 801, 802) et de réaliser les ajourages correspondants. Une nouvelle rotation de la pièce cylindrique d'une même valeur permet de la même façon de réaliser les ajourages - (75, 76, 85, 86).The first pass therefore allows the simultaneous execution of the four openings 71, 72, 81, 82, the angular portions of which are arranged opposite the arrows 701, 702, 801, 802. The cylindrical part is then rotated around its axis. in the direction of arrow 12, with an angular value equal to twice the angle A. This has the effect of placing the angular portions (73, 74, 83, 84) respectively in front of the arrows (701, 702, 801 , 802) and make the corresponding cutouts. A new rotation of the cylindrical part of the same value allows in the same way to make the openings - (75, 76, 85, 86).

Une dernière rotation permet enfin de réaliser les ajourages (77, 78, 87, 88). Conformément au but recherché, on peut_noter que les motifs élémentaires 7, 8 sont alternés, et que deux ajourages adjacents sont effectués durant des passes différentes.A final rotation finally allows for the perforations (77, 78, 87, 88). In accordance with the aim sought, it can be noted that the elementary patterns 7, 8 are alternated, and that two adjacent openings are made during passes different.

La figure 3 représente dans son ensemble un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé précédemment décrit concernant l'ajorage de pièces cylindriques. Il comprend une presse verticale 20 dont le coulisseau 21, muni d'une semelle 22, coopère avec une table de presse 23. La pièce cylindrique à ajourer est montée verticalement au centre de la table de presse 23, sur une bigorne 24. Quatre colonnes 25 à 28 munies de poinçons sont montées à coulissement horizontal sur la table de presse 23 autour de la bigorne 24. Elles sont mises en mouvement par quatre bras 29 à 32 suspendus à la semelle 22 du coulisseau de presse 21, lorsque celui-ci se déplace verticalement.FIG. 3 as a whole represents a device making it possible to implement the method described above concerning the addition of cylindrical parts. It comprises a vertical press 20 whose slide 21, provided with a sole 22, cooperates with a press table 23. The cylindrical part to be cut out is mounted vertically in the center of the press table 23, on a bighorn 24. Four columns 25 to 28 provided with punches are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table 23 around the bighorn 24. They are set in motion by four arms 29 to 32 suspended from the sole 22 of the press slide 21, when the latter moves vertically.

Les figures 4 et 5 représentent en détail le dispositif de l'invention. Les quatre colonnes 25 à 28 sont montées à coulissement horizontal sur la table de presse 23, selon deux axes horizontaux 700, 800 passant par l'axe central vertical 33 de la presse. Les deux axes 700, 800 sont décalés d'un angle B, et d'un angle complémentaire C définis en relation avec la figure 2. Les quatre colonnes 25 à 28, leurs moyens de guidage, ainsi que les bras 29 à 32 sont identiques. Aussi, seules les caractéristiques relatives à la colonne 25 sont représentées sur les figures 4 et 5 et décrites.Figures 4 and 5 show in detail the device of the invention. The four columns 25 to 28 are mounted to slide horizontally on the press table 23, along two horizontal axes 700, 800 passing through the vertical central axis 33 of the press. The two axes 700, 800 are offset by an angle B, and by a complementary angle C defined in relation to FIG. 2. The four columns 25 to 28, their guide means, as well as the arms 29 to 32 are identical . Also, only the characteristics relating to column 25 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and described.

La colonne 25 est de hauteur supérieure à celle de la pièce cylindrique à ajourer. Sa face frontale 34 est orientée vers l'axe central 33 de la presse et porte une pluralité de poinçons 47 -dont seulement quelques-uns sont représentés en figure 5- s'étendant horizontalement vers l'axe 33 de la presse et disposés les uns au-dessous des autres, de façon immédiatement adjacente, sur toute la hauteur du motif à réaliser. La face frontale 34 de la colonne 25 porte aussi des broches 48 horizontales permettant de faire coulisser un butoir 50 disposé devant la face frontale 34. Les broches 48 et les poinçons 47 sont plaqués sur la colonne 25 par une semelle 51. Le butoir 50 possède des canaux traversants 52 pour le passage des poinçons 47, et des canaux -traversants 54 pour le passage des broches 48. bes iessorts de compression 53 sont disposés entre la semelle de colonne 51 et le butoir 50. Des broches 49 limitent le coulissement du butoir 50 dans le sens de la force exercée par les ressorts 53 ; elles traversent la colonne 25 et sa semelle 51 et se vissent dans le butoir 50. Les broches 49 présentent un épaulement terminal 56 qui bute contre la colonne 25 en fin de course avant du butoir 50. La face avant 55 du butoir 50 présente une courbure correspondant à celle de la bigorne 24. En fin de course avant du butoir 50 les poinçons 47 affleurent sa face avant 55 par leur extrémité libre.Column 25 is higher than that of the cylindrical part to be perforated. Its front face 34 is oriented towards the central axis 33 of the press and carries a plurality of punches 47 -of which only a few are shown in Figure 5- extending horizontally towards the axis 33 of the press and arranged one below the others, immediately adjacent, over the entire height of the pattern to be produced. The front face 34 of the column 25 also carries horizontal pins 48 making it possible to slide a stopper 50 disposed in front of the front face 34. The pins 48 and the punches 47 are pressed on the column 25 by a sole 51. The stopper 50 has through channels 52 for the passage of punches 47, and through channels 54 for the passage of pins 48. bes compression iessorts 53 are disposed between the column sole 51 and the stopper 50. Pins 49 limit the sliding of the stopper 50 in the direction of the force exerted by the springs 53; they pass through the column 25 and its sole 51 and are screwed into the stopper 50. The pins 49 have an end shoulder 56 which abuts against the column 25 at the end of the front stroke of the stopper 50. The front face 55 of the stopper 50 has a curvature corresponding to that of the bighorn 24. At the end of the front stroke of the stopper 50 the punches 47 are flush with its front face 55 by their free end.

Les moyens de déplacement et de quidage de la colonne 25 25 vont maintenant être explicités. La. colonne 25 est pourvue d'un épaulement arrière 35 parallélépipèdique. Celui-ci s'étend perpendiculairement à la colonne 25, à partir de la zone axialement médiane de la colonne. Un guide 37 parallélépipèdique est interposé entre l'épaulement 35 de la colonne 25 et la table de presse 23. Sa hauteur est telle que la colonne 25 ne repose pas sur la table de presse 23 mais en est légèrement distante.The means for moving and storing the column 25 will now be explained. The column 25 is provided with a rear parallelepiped shoulder 35. This extends perpendicular to the column 25, starting from the axially middle zone of the column. A parallelepipedal guide 37 is interposed between the shoulder 35 of the column 25 and the press table 23. Its height is such that the column 25 does not rest on the press table 23 but is slightly distant from it.

L'épaulement 35 de la colonne 25 possède deux rainures 36 saillant latéralement et coulissant dans des gorges correspondantes du guide 37. Il est pourvu d'un évidement 38 le traversant entre ses deux faces horizontales. Cet évidement 38 possède deux parois latérales 39, 40 verticales et deux parois frontales 41, 42 en forme de rampe inclinée vers la table de presse 23 et radialement vers l'extérieur par rapport à l'axe 33 de la presse. Le guide 37 et la table de presse 23 possèdent chacun un évidement vertical 43, 44 disposé à l'aplomb de l'évidement 38. La semelle 22 du coulisseau de presse porte rigidement le bras suspendu 29. Celui-ci possède une partie en forme de rampe 45 complémentaire de l'évidement 38 de l'épaulement 35. La partie en forme de rampe 45 est prolongée par une partie verticale 46 qui a, en section, des dimensions très légè;ement inférieures à celles de l'évidement 44 de la table de presse 23.The shoulder 35 of the column 25 has two grooves 36 projecting laterally and sliding in corresponding grooves of the guide 37. It is provided with a recess 38 passing through it between its two horizontal faces. This recess 38 has two side walls 39, 40 vertical and two front walls 41, 42 in the form of a ramp inclined towards the press table 23 and radially outward relative to the axis 33 of the press. The guide 37 and the press table 23 each have a vertical recess 43, 44 arranged directly above the recess 38. The sole 22 of the press slide rigidly carries the hanging arm 29. The latter has a shaped part ramp 45 complementary to the recess 38 of the shoulder 35. The ramp-shaped part 45 is extended by a vertical part 46 which has, in section, dimensions very slightly; ely smaller than those of the recess 44 of press table 23.

En fonctionnement, et lors de la descente de la semelle 22 du coulisseau de presse, le bras 29 traverse l'épaulement 35 de la colonne 25, le guide 37 et la table de presse 23, au droit de leurs évidements respectifs. La partie en forme de rampe 45 du bras 29, on coopérant avec l'évidement 38 de l'épaulement 35, provoque le déplacement de la colonne 25 vers la bigorne 24. Dans le même temps, la partie verticale 46 du bras 29 vient se loger dans l'évidement 44 de la table de presse : le bras 29 se trouve ainsi rigidement maintenu par son extrémité. Il s'ensuit que ce bras peut transmettre à la colonne 25 une force importante, et s'opposer à l'effort de réaction engendré par le poinçonnage, sans flambage. Grâce à cet agencement, le nombre de poinçons 47, par colonne, peut être important, sans qu'il soit besoin de dimensionner le bras 29, et par conséquent l'ensemble du dispositif, de façon prohibitive. La position médiane de l'épaulement 35 sur la colonne 25 assure une bonne répartition de la force sur cette colonne.In operation, and during the descent of the sole 22 of the press slide, the arm 29 crosses the shoulder ment 35 of column 25, guide 37 and press table 23, in line with their respective recesses. The ramp-shaped part 45 of the arm 29, cooperating with the recess 38 in the shoulder 35, causes the column 25 to move towards the bighorn 24. At the same time, the vertical part 46 of the arm 29 comes lodge in the recess 44 of the press table: the arm 29 is thus rigidly held by its end. It follows that this arm can transmit to the column 25 a significant force, and oppose the reaction force generated by the punching, without buckling. With this arrangement, the number of punches 47, per column, can be large, without the need to size the arm 29, and therefore the entire device, prohibitively. The middle position of the shoulder 35 on the column 25 ensures a good distribution of the force on this column.

A partir du moment où le butoir 50 est plaqué contre la bigorne 24, les poinçons 47 pénètrent dans celle-ci en ajourant la pièce la recouvrant.From the moment when the stopper 50 is pressed against the bighorn 24, the punches 47 penetrate into the latter by perforating the piece covering it.

La semelle du coulisseau de presse 22 est positionnée dans son mouvement vertical par rapport à la table de presse 23 par deux broches d'alignement 57, 58 solidaires de la table de presse 23, et coulissant dans des douilles 59, 60 solidaires de la semelle 22 du coulisseau de presse.The sole of the press slide 22 is positioned in its vertical movement relative to the press table 23 by two alignment pins 57, 58 secured to the press table 23, and sliding in sockets 59, 60 secured to the sole 22 of the press slide.

La bigorne 24 est de forme générale cylindrique correspondant à celle de la pièce à ajourer, qui viendra coiffer la bigorne 24. De façon générale cette bigorne 24 a la même forme que la pièce à ajourer. Elle est fixée au centre de la table de presse 23, et est située en regard de la face avant 55 du butoir 50. La bigorne 24 est creuse et possède en outre des ouvertures 61 dans sa paroi latérale, dont la section correspond à celle des poinçons 47, ces ouvertures 61 étant situées exactement en regard des poinçons 47. Un dispositif d'évacuation automatique des copeaux est avantageusement relié à l'intérieur de la bigorne 24. Sur la semelle 22, et en regard de la bigorne 24, est suspendu un doigt 62 qui presse fermement la pièce cylindrique à ajourer sur la bigorne, en position basse de la semelle 22, pour assurer le positionnement précis de la pièce.The bighorn 24 is of generally cylindrical shape corresponding to that of the part to be perforated, which will come to cap the bighorn 24. In general this bighorn 24 has the same shape as the part to be perforated. It is fixed to the center of the press table 23, and is located opposite the front face 55 of the stopper 50. The bighorn 24 is hollow and also has openings 61 in its side wall, the section of which corresponds to that of punches 47, these openings 61 being located exactly opposite the punches 47. An automatic chip evacuation device is advantageously connected to the inside of the bighorn 24. On the sole 22, and facing the bighorn 24, is suspended a finger 62 which firmly presses the cylindrical part to be cut out on the bighorn, in the low position of the sole 22, to ensure the precise positioning of the part.

Pour mettre en oeuvre le procédl: selon l'invention à l'aide du dispositif décrit précédemment et obtenir le motif représenté à la figure 1, on équipe les colonnes 25, 26 situées sur l'axe 700 d'un ensemble de poinçons permettant de réaliser le motif élémentaire 7, et on équipe les colonnes 27, 28 situées sur l'axe 800 de poinçons permettant de réaliser le motif élémentaire 8. Une pièce cylindrique non ajourée est montée sur la bigorne 24 correspondant aux poinçons précédents. Une descente de la semelle 22 provoque un déplacement rigoureusement simultané des quatre colonnes 25 à 28 vers la bigorne 24. Le premier groupe d'ajourages (71, 72, 81, 82) est ainsi réalisé. Durant la remontée de la semelle 22, les ressorts 53 éloignent les quatre colonnes 25 à 28 de la bigorne 24. On effectue alors manuellement ou mécaniquement, une rotation de la pièce cylindrique d'un angle égal à deux fois l'angle A et dans le sens de la flèche 12 conformément à la figure 2. Une seconde descente de la semelle 22 permettra de réaliser le deuxième groupe d'ajourages (73, 74, 83, 84). Après exécution des quatre passes successives, la pièce cylindrique ajourée est retirée de la bigorne et remplacée par une pièce non ajourée.To implement the process d l: according to the invention using the device described above and obtain the pattern shown in Figure 1, we equip the columns 25, 26 located on the axis 700 with a set of punches making it possible to produce the elementary pattern 7, and the columns 27, 28 located on the axis 800 are fitted with punches making it possible to produce the elementary pattern 8. A cylindrical piece, not perforated, is mounted on the bighorn 24 corresponding to the preceding punches. A descent of the sole 22 causes a rigorous simultaneous displacement of the four columns 25 to 28 towards the bighorn 24. The first group of openings (71, 72, 81, 82) is thus produced. During the raising of the sole 22, the springs 53 move the four columns 25 to 28 away from the bighorn 24. Then, manually or mechanically, the cylindrical part is rotated by an angle equal to twice the angle A and in the direction of the arrow 12 in accordance with FIG. 2. A second descent of the sole 22 will make it possible to produce the second group of openings (73, 74, 83, 84). After execution of the four successive passes, the perforated cylindrical part is removed from the bighorn and replaced by a non-perforated part.

Le dispositif décrit précédemment, en faisant opérer simultanément des paires de groupes de poinçons opposés, permet d'équilibrer précisément les efforts appliqués sur la pièce à ajourer et sur la bigorne, et d'éviter notamment toute rotation de lapièce pendant l'ajourage. Il en résulte également une grande rapidité d'exécution, puisque quatre groupes de poinçons ou même davantage opèrent ensemble à la périphérie de la pièce. Bien évidemment les groupes de poinçons peuvent être également mûs par un ensemble de vérins parfaitement synchronisés. Le butoir à rappel élastique s'applique contre la pièce et maintient fermement les parties de la pièce devant être sollicitées par les poinçons. Avantageusement, on peut munir chaque poinçon d'un détecteur permettant de déceler une cassure éventuelle. Les différents détecteurs sont gérés par un système informatique qui indiqua à chague instant toute panne éventuelle, et qui la localise.The device described above, by making pairs of groups of opposite punches operate simultaneously, makes it possible to precisely balance the forces applied to the part to be cut out and to the bighorn, and in particular to avoid any rotation of the piece during cut-out. This also results in great speed of execution, since four or even more groups of punches operate together at the periphery of the part. Obviously, the groups of punches can also be moved by a set of perfectly synchronized jacks. The elastic return stopper is pressed against the workpiece and firmly holds the parts of the workpiece to be stressed by the punches. Advantageously, each punch can be provided with a detector making it possible to detect a possible break. The different detectors are managed by a system IT which indicated every possible breakdown, and which localized it.

Le procédé d'imbricatio: de plusieurs motifs élémentaires permet très avantageusement d'ajourer une même zone de pièce en plusieurs étapes, de façon à solliciter le moins possible la paroi de la pièce. Dans le cas d'ajourages extrêmement denses, un procédé en une passe est peu envisageable. Par ailleurs, la décomposition de la paroi de la pièce en un grand nombre de portions (71 à 78 et 81 à 88) permet d'effectuer un ajourage quasiment perpendiculairement à cette paroi ; les ajourages ont ainsi des bords perpendiculaires à cette paroi. Selon l'invention, on peut ajourer non seulement des pièces embouties mais également extrudées.The nesting process: of several elementary patterns very advantageously makes it possible to open up the same room area in several stages, so as to stress the wall of the room as little as possible. In the case of extremely dense openwork, a one-pass process is hardly possible. Furthermore, the decomposition of the wall of the room into a large number of portions (71 to 78 and 81 to 88) makes it possible to make an openwork almost perpendicular to this wall; the openings thus have edges perpendicular to this wall. According to the invention, it is possible to perforate not only stamped but also extruded parts.

Claims (7)

1. procédé pour ajourer une pièce métallique de forme allongée, à génératrice droite, en vue d'obtenir, en plusieurs passes successives, un motif qui s'étend sur une partie importante de la longueur de ladite génératrice et qui est constitué par un grand nombre de perforations adjacentes dans la paroi latérale de ladite pièce, ce procédé consistant à répéter au moins un motif élémentaire qui comprend une partie desdites perforations et qui s'étend sur toute la hauteur du motif à réaliser, caractérisé en ce que ledit motif élémentaire (7) est exécuté en une seule passe, deux motifs élémentaires adjacents (7, 8) étant exécutés durant des passes différentes.1. method for perforating a metal piece of elongated shape, with a straight generator, in order to obtain, in several successive passes, a pattern which extends over a large part of the length of said generator and which consists of a large number of adjacent perforations in the side wall of said piece, this method consisting in repeating at least one elementary pattern which comprises a part of said perforations and which extends over the entire height of the pattern to be produced, characterized in that said elementary pattern ( 7) is executed in a single pass, two adjacent elementary patterns (7, 8) being executed in different passes. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce est cylindrique, en ce que lors d'une passe, on réalise des paires de motifs élémentaires constitués chacune de deux motifs élémentaires (71, 72 et 81, 82) symétriques par rapport à l'axe de la pièce cylindrique, et en ce que l'on effectue une rotation partielle de la pièce selon son axe, entre deux passes consécutives.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said part is cylindrical, in that during a pass, pairs of elementary patterns are made, each consisting of two elementary patterns (71, 72 and 81, 82) symmetrical by relative to the axis of the cylindrical part, and in that one performs a partial rotation of the part along its axis, between two consecutive passes. 3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2,caractérisé en ce que l'on imbrique circonférentiellement lesdits motifs élémentaires.3. Method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said elementary patterns are circumferentially nested. 4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise au moins deux motifs élémentaires différents.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two different elementary patterns are used. 5. Dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une presse verticale (20) ; une pluralité de colonnes (25 à 28) qui s'étendent au moins sur une partie importante de la longueur de la génératrice de ladite pièce de forme allongée et qui sont montées à coulissement horizontal sur la table de presse (23), selon des axes (700, 800) convergeant vers l'axe central (33) de la presse ; des moyens (29, 35) pour transformer le mouvement de descente de la partie mobile (22) de ladite presse (20) en un déplacement horizontal simultané desdites colonnes 25 à 28) vers l'axe central (33) de la presse αt pour assurer le retour dosdites colonnes (25 à 28) à leur position initiale lors de la remontée de ladite partie mobile (22), lesdits moyens (29, 35) coopérant avec lesdites colonnes (25 à 28) au moins dans la zone axialement médiane de celles-ci ; une pluralité de poinçons horizontaux (47) qui sont portés par la face frontale (34) de chaque colonne (25) est tournée vers le centre de la presse et qui sont disposés essentiellement les uns au-dessous des autres de façon adjacente sur toute la hauteur du motif à réaliser, ces poinçons étant destinés à pénétrer dans des ouvertures (61) de section correspondante pratiquées dans une bigerne (24) fixée verticalement au centre de ladite table (23), ladite bigonne (24) ayant un diamètre correspondant au diamètre intérieur de la pièce cylindrique à ajourer et étant coiffée par cette pièce.5. Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a vertical press (20); a plurality of columns (25 to 28) which extend at least over a significant part of the length of the generator of said elongated part and which are mounted in horizontal sliding on the press table (23), along axes (700, 800) converging towards the central axis (33) of the press; means (29, 35) for transforming the downward movement of the movable part (22) of said press (20) into a displacement simultaneous horizontal of said columns 25 to 28) towards the central axis (33) of the press αt to ensure the return of said columns (25 to 28) to their initial position when raising said movable part (22), said means ( 29, 35) cooperating with said columns (25 to 28) at least in the axially middle zone thereof; a plurality of horizontal punches (47) which are carried by the front face (34) of each column (25) is turned towards the center of the press and which are arranged essentially one below the other adjacent all over the height of the pattern to be produced, these punches being intended to penetrate into openings (61) of corresponding section made in a bigerne (24) fixed vertically to the center of said table (23), said bigonne (24) having a diameter corresponding to the diameter inside of the cylindrical part to be perforated and being capped by this part. 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque colonne (25) est pourvue sur sa face frontale (34) d'un butoir (50) à coulissement horizontal, des ressorts de compression (53) étant intercalés entre le butoir (50) et la colonne (25), lesdits poinçons (47) traversant ledit butoir (50) et effleurant sa face avant (55) lorsque la partie mobile de la presse (22) est en position haute, et ledit butoir (50) étant progressivement plaqué contre ladite bigorne (24) lorsque ladite partie mobile (22) descend.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that each column (25) is provided on its front face (34) with a stopper (50) with horizontal sliding, compression springs (53) being interposed between the stopper ( 50) and the column (25), said punches (47) passing through said stopper (50) and touching its front face (55) when the movable part of the press (22) is in the high position, and said stopper (50) being progressively pressed against said bighorn (24) when said movable part (22) descends. 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de manoeuvre simultanée des colonnes (25 à 28) comprennent un bras (29), suspendu rigidement à la partie mobile de la presse (22) qui coopère avec un évidement (38) pratiqué dans un épaulement (35) desdites colonnes (25 à 28) situé dans la zone axialenment médiane de celles-ci, ledit bras (29) présentant une partie (45) en forme de rampe correspondante (41, 42) et en ce que ladite partie (45) en forme de rampe dudit bras (29) est prolongée par une partie (46) verticale qui coopère avec un évidement (44) de dimensions correspondantes, pratiqué dans la table de presse (23), de façon que ledit bras (29) soit maintenu rigidement lors du poinçonnage.7. Device according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that the means for simultaneously operating the columns (25 to 28) comprise an arm (29), rigidly suspended from the movable part of the press (22) which cooperates with a recess (38) formed in a shoulder (35) of said columns (25 to 28) located in the axially median zone thereof, said arm (29) having a portion (45) in the form of a corresponding ramp (41, 42 ) and in that said part (45) in the form of a ramp of said arm (29) is extended by a vertical part (46) which cooperates with a recess (44) of corresponding dimensions, formed in the press table (23), so that said arm (29) is held rigidly during punching.
EP85400460A 1984-03-13 1985-03-11 Method and apparatus for perforating the sides of metallic, deep-drawn work pieces Expired EP0156720B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400460T ATE35636T1 (en) 1984-03-13 1985-03-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIDE PUNCHING METALLIC WORKPIECES, ESPECIALLY DEEP DRAWING PARTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8403799 1984-03-13
FR8403799A FR2561143B1 (en) 1984-03-13 1984-03-13 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SIDE ADJUSTING METAL PARTS, ESPECIALLY MOUTHPIECES

Publications (2)

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EP0156720A1 true EP0156720A1 (en) 1985-10-02
EP0156720B1 EP0156720B1 (en) 1988-07-13

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EP85400460A Expired EP0156720B1 (en) 1984-03-13 1985-03-11 Method and apparatus for perforating the sides of metallic, deep-drawn work pieces

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US (1) US4669345A (en)
EP (1) EP0156720B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS617023A (en)
AT (1) ATE35636T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1235370A (en)
DE (1) DE3563700D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8607072A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2561143B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0484588B1 (en) * 1990-11-09 1995-03-22 UMIX Co., Ltd. Die including slide cam
JP2880490B1 (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-04-12 ユミックス株式会社 Press equipment
CN1296197C (en) * 2005-02-01 2007-01-24 浙江大学 Punching machine for wire-mesh screen and flake stuffing
US20120180911A1 (en) * 2008-10-03 2012-07-19 Mark Bartolomucci Method for producing a hole in plate member

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US1398320A (en) * 1919-09-13 1921-11-29 George W Dunsworth Pipe-perforator
GB249422A (en) * 1925-06-30 1926-03-25 Joseph Timothy Murphy Improvements in and relating to punch presses
US2315340A (en) * 1941-08-23 1943-03-30 Midland Steel Prod Co Punch
US2354860A (en) * 1942-04-23 1944-08-01 Mid West Hydro Pierce Inc Tube perforating machine
FR1048866A (en) * 1950-10-16 1953-12-24 Rotovent A G Process for the manufacture of cylindrical screens, machine for carrying out the process and screen obtained according to the process
GB1172763A (en) * 1967-04-15 1969-12-03 Nathan Dolberg Improvements in or relating to Punching Machines.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4669345A (en) 1987-06-02
FR2561143B1 (en) 1987-12-24
ES8607072A1 (en) 1986-06-01
EP0156720B1 (en) 1988-07-13
DE3563700D1 (en) 1988-08-18
CA1235370A (en) 1988-04-19
JPS617023A (en) 1986-01-13
ATE35636T1 (en) 1988-07-15
JPH032568B2 (en) 1991-01-16
FR2561143A1 (en) 1985-09-20
ES541230A0 (en) 1986-06-01

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