EP0156463B1 - Protection of legal documents by reverse penetration - Google Patents
Protection of legal documents by reverse penetration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0156463B1 EP0156463B1 EP19850300693 EP85300693A EP0156463B1 EP 0156463 B1 EP0156463 B1 EP 0156463B1 EP 19850300693 EP19850300693 EP 19850300693 EP 85300693 A EP85300693 A EP 85300693A EP 0156463 B1 EP0156463 B1 EP 0156463B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- ink
- selected information
- document
- front surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
Definitions
- the invention relates to protection of a document from alterations by erasure. More specifically, it relates to protection from erasure by printing selected information in ink in the identical positions on the front and back surfaces of the document.
- Documents for example checks, may have the amount printed by a.check writer.
- the amount is subject to alteration by erasing.
- Some of the older check writers are hand operated. Typically, a hand crank is used to push a plate with raised numerals against a ribbon which will leave an imprint on the paper substrate. The pressure will cause fibers on the surface of the check to crush and ink will be deposited into the substrate.
- the ink may have an oil base which will also help in penetrating the fibers of the substrate.
- a skilled check forger can use an eraser to erase the portion of the substrate that the ink has penetrated.
- the ink on the front surface is a first color and the ink on the back surface is a second color. If the front surface is erased, the second color from the back surface will show through, indicating an attempted alteration of the document.
- the first novel feature of the invention is the imprinting of the selected information on both the front and back surfaces in exact underlay positions such that an alteration attempt will fail.
- the second novel feature of the invention is printing the selected information of front and back surfaces in first and second colors respectively so that an alteration attempt will be indicated.
- Fig. 1 shows the front surface 8 of a document 10 of a manifold form.
- the document may be a check, money order, or any paper with marked information on its front surface that is subject to being altered by an eraser. Normally, the information causing the most concern is the amount 12. Other selected information of concern could be the payee.
- a check such as that shown in Fig. 1, the amount is marked or printed on the check by a check writer, such as that referred to previously. The check writer will impress the amount through a ribbon onto the surface 8 of the check.
- the check has a paper substrate 14 (Fig. 3). As mentioned previously, the surface fibers of substrate 14 are crushed and the ink penetrates the fibers. This is shown in more detail in Fig. 3.
- Fig. 2 shows the amount 12 printed on the; back surface 16 of the substrate in exact underlay position of the amount printed on the front of the money order. Marking of the amount on the back of the substrate is accomplished by the use of carbon paper with an inked surface beneath the back surface of the substrate. When the check writer prints the front surface of the substrate, the carbon paper marks the identical image on the back surface of the substrate.
- Fig. 3 provides more details of the document.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a manifold form 18 having a substrate 14 with a front surface 8 and a back surface 16.
- the manifold form also includes double faced carbon paper 22, record copy plies 24, 26 and carbon 30. Additional carbons and plies could also be used.
- a check writer uses pressure to imprint an amount on substrate 14 in area 26. The ink is pressed from the ribbon into the surface and then into the crushed fibers of the check. Because of the pressure the carbon 22 prints the exact image on the bottom surface of the substrate in area 28. The fibers are crushed and ink is allowed to penetrate into the check substrate. Areas 26. 28 are part of substrate 14. The clear areas merely illustrate where ink would penetrate into the substrate.
- the ink from the ribbon which penetrates the front surface of the substrate is normally an oil base ink which penetrates readily into the substrate fibers.
- the ink used in the carbon paper is a wax base pigmented ink which will penetrate the substrate fibers but not as readily as the oil based ink.
- An example of the substrate paper stock may be 20 lb. stock. Using this particular stock, the regions of penetration of ink 26 from the front surface and the region of penetration of ink from the back surface will not penetrate entirely through the substrate. However, experimentation has shown that the penetration from the front and back surfaces has been sufficient that alteration by erasure was not possible. The extent of penetration from the front and back surfaces will vary depending on the paper stock used, inks used, and check writers used.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is to use a first color of ink for imprinting the front surface of the substrate and a second color carbon paper for marking the back surface of the substrate.
- the check writer ribbon may print the amount 12 in black on the front surface of the substrate and the carbon may imprint the back surface of the substrate in red. If the black amount on the front surface is erased, the red will begin showing through, indicating that an attempt was made to alter the document.
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
- Color Printing (AREA)
- Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to protection of a document from alterations by erasure. More specifically, it relates to protection from erasure by printing selected information in ink in the identical positions on the front and back surfaces of the document.
- Documents, for example checks, may have the amount printed by a.check writer. The amount is subject to alteration by erasing. Some of the older check writers are hand operated. Typically, a hand crank is used to push a plate with raised numerals against a ribbon which will leave an imprint on the paper substrate. The pressure will cause fibers on the surface of the check to crush and ink will be deposited into the substrate. The ink may have an oil base which will also help in penetrating the fibers of the substrate. However, even, with this penetration, a skilled check forger can use an eraser to erase the portion of the substrate that the ink has penetrated.
- The problem is made more difficult by modern electronic check writers. Some of these are rolling platten type writers which do not exert substantial pressure on the substrate and do not crush the substrate surface fibers to aid in ink penetration.
- What is needed is a document that will have increased penetration by ink in areas of selected information that will resist attempts at alteration by erasing and will allow attempted alterations to be detected.
- State of the Art documents, such as a check or money order, have a paper substrate upon which information is marked in ink on the front surface. The invention improves the document so it will resist alteration of selected information, for example, the dollar amount, on its front surface. The improvement comprises the substrate having a back surface upon which the selected information is marked in ink in identical underlay position as the selected information on the front surfaces. The ink from the front and back surfaces penetrates to the extent that the selected information on the front face may not be erased without removing a portion of the substrate to expose ink penetration from the back surface.
- In an alternative embodiment of the document, the ink on the front surface is a first color and the ink on the back surface is a second color. If the front surface is erased, the second color from the back surface will show through, indicating an attempted alteration of the document.
- The first novel feature of the invention is the imprinting of the selected information on both the front and back surfaces in exact underlay positions such that an alteration attempt will fail.
- The second novel feature of the invention is printing the selected information of front and back surfaces in first and second colors respectively so that an alteration attempt will be indicated.
-
- Figure 1 shows the front surface of a document included in a manifold form.
- Figure 2 shows the back of a document included in a manifold form.
- Figure 3 is a cross section of a manifold form including a check and double faced carbon.
- Fig. 1 shows the
front surface 8 of a document 10 of a manifold form. The document may be a check, money order, or any paper with marked information on its front surface that is subject to being altered by an eraser. Normally, the information causing the most concern is theamount 12. Other selected information of concern could be the payee. Presently on a check, such as that shown in Fig. 1, the amount is marked or printed on the check by a check writer, such as that referred to previously. The check writer will impress the amount through a ribbon onto thesurface 8 of the check. The check has a paper substrate 14 (Fig. 3). As mentioned previously, the surface fibers ofsubstrate 14 are crushed and the ink penetrates the fibers. This is shown in more detail in Fig. 3. - Fig. 2 shows the
amount 12 printed on the;back surface 16 of the substrate in exact underlay position of the amount printed on the front of the money order. Marking of the amount on the back of the substrate is accomplished by the use of carbon paper with an inked surface beneath the back surface of the substrate. When the check writer prints the front surface of the substrate, the carbon paper marks the identical image on the back surface of the substrate. Fig. 3 provides more details of the document. - Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a
manifold form 18 having asubstrate 14 with afront surface 8 and aback surface 16. The manifold form also includes double faced carbon paper 22,record copy plies substrate 14 inarea 26. The ink is pressed from the ribbon into the surface and then into the crushed fibers of the check. Because of the pressure the carbon 22 prints the exact image on the bottom surface of the substrate inarea 28. The fibers are crushed and ink is allowed to penetrate into the check substrate.Areas 26. 28 are part ofsubstrate 14. The clear areas merely illustrate where ink would penetrate into the substrate. - The ink from the ribbon which penetrates the front surface of the substrate is normally an oil base ink which penetrates readily into the substrate fibers. The ink used in the carbon paper is a wax base pigmented ink which will penetrate the substrate fibers but not as readily as the oil based ink. An example of the substrate paper stock may be 20 lb. stock. Using this particular stock, the regions of penetration of
ink 26 from the front surface and the region of penetration of ink from the back surface will not penetrate entirely through the substrate. However, experimentation has shown that the penetration from the front and back surfaces has been sufficient that alteration by erasure was not possible. The extent of penetration from the front and back surfaces will vary depending on the paper stock used, inks used, and check writers used. - New formulas for ink are being developed which will assist the penetration of the ink and enhance the protection of the above technique. Dye inks with lowered viscosities and no pigment will absorb more readily through the substrate. These inks have more oil and less dye than typical inks in use now. With these inks, the areas of
penetration - Another embodiment of the present invention is to use a first color of ink for imprinting the front surface of the substrate and a second color carbon paper for marking the back surface of the substrate. For example, the check writer ribbon may print the
amount 12 in black on the front surface of the substrate and the carbon may imprint the back surface of the substrate in red. If the black amount on the front surface is erased, the red will begin showing through, indicating that an attempt was made to alter the document.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US57793684A | 1984-02-07 | 1984-02-07 | |
US577936 | 1984-02-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0156463A1 EP0156463A1 (en) | 1985-10-02 |
EP0156463B1 true EP0156463B1 (en) | 1987-06-16 |
Family
ID=24310744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850300693 Expired EP0156463B1 (en) | 1984-02-07 | 1985-02-01 | Protection of legal documents by reverse penetration |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0156463B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1232303A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3560251D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8905471D0 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1989-04-19 | De La Rue Co Plc | Sheet with security device |
IT1277359B1 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-11-10 | Mantegazza A Arti Grafici | DOCUMENT WITH ANTIFALSIFICATION MEANS TO PREVENT REPRODUCIBILITY BY PHOTOCOPYING |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1910568A (en) * | 1932-04-30 | 1933-05-23 | Theodore J Snyder | Document paper |
US2333979A (en) * | 1941-08-15 | 1943-11-09 | Fox River Paper Corp | Safety paper |
DE2452202A1 (en) * | 1974-05-01 | 1975-11-20 | Nelson J Waterbury | Traveller's cheque verification system - uses reference signature visible in ultra-violet light |
DE2951486C2 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1982-06-16 | GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München | Security paper protected against counterfeiting and counterfeiting and process for its manufacture |
-
1985
- 1985-02-01 DE DE8585300693T patent/DE3560251D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-01 EP EP19850300693 patent/EP0156463B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-05 CA CA000473590A patent/CA1232303A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1232303A (en) | 1988-02-02 |
DE3560251D1 (en) | 1987-07-23 |
EP0156463A1 (en) | 1985-10-02 |
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