EP0155983A1 - Electronically controlled electromagnetic battery switch - Google Patents

Electronically controlled electromagnetic battery switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155983A1
EP0155983A1 EP84108720A EP84108720A EP0155983A1 EP 0155983 A1 EP0155983 A1 EP 0155983A1 EP 84108720 A EP84108720 A EP 84108720A EP 84108720 A EP84108720 A EP 84108720A EP 0155983 A1 EP0155983 A1 EP 0155983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
circuit
electromagnet
terminals
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84108720A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0155983B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Pointout
Jacques Pointout
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etudes et Commercialisation dAppareils Nouveaux Speciaux ECANS SARL
Original Assignee
Etudes et Commercialisation dAppareils Nouveaux Speciaux ECANS SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Etudes et Commercialisation dAppareils Nouveaux Speciaux ECANS SARL filed Critical Etudes et Commercialisation dAppareils Nouveaux Speciaux ECANS SARL
Priority to AT84108720T priority Critical patent/ATE25359T1/en
Publication of EP0155983A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155983A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0155983B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155983B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle 
    • B60K28/14—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle  responsive to accident or emergency, e.g. deceleration, tilt of vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches
    • H01H11/0031—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches for allowing different types or orientation of connections to contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/023—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to battery switches on board motor vehicles, in particular trucks, in the general case and more particularly in the case of trucks used for the transport of dangerous goods.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by producing a single basic device which largely meets all the standards imposed under the most difficult conditions, and which at the same time adapts to all use cases, by modification of the connections or by omission in manufacture of the useless organs.
  • the invention consists, for the basic device, in grouping under the same watertight cover an electronic circuit electrically supplying an electromagnet with double coil, for calling and holding, which mechanically centers a central connecting piece, and by through a cross-member, two lateral connection bars, isolated from each other and from the ground, and making it possible to connect two to two four bridge connection terminals located substantially in a square and capable of establishing the main switching, respectively between the most vehicle and the most battery, and between the least vehicle and the least battery, the central connection part being capable of establishing the switching between two fixed latches to ensure if necessary the pre-contact for grounding or the precut of the alternator excitation.
  • the electronic circuit includes an optocoupler, receiving the command line from the ignition key located in the cabin and controlling a voltage regulator which supplies a monostable, which monostable supplies the call coil after amplifications during the excitation time, and the holding coil in normal operation.
  • a voltage regulator which supplies a monostable, which monostable supplies the call coil after amplifications during the excitation time, and the holding coil in normal operation.
  • an auxiliary control by push button installed on the dashboard is possible.
  • the mechanical part of the device according to the invention comprises an insulating base 1 on which is fixed, by means of screws 2, a support bracket 3 carrying the electromagnet 4. That -this is constituted by a winding 5, formed of a double winding, for calling and holding, wound on a carcass 6 made of insulating material, itself mounted in a magnetic circuit formed by a caliper made of soft iron 7 and a closure plate 8 carrying a fixed pole piece 9 riveted to this plate, while the ends of the magnetic stirrup 7 are fixed in the support stirrup 3 through the closure plate 8.
  • the electromagnet 4 is completed by a plunger core 10 sliding in the carcass 6 and passing through an orifice 11 in the upper part of the magnetic stirrup 7.
  • This plunger core is integral with an axis 12 of non-magnetic material which passes through slidingly the fixed pole piece 9 to drive the mechanism located in the insulating base 1 below the stirrup 3.
  • axis 14 On the threaded end 13 of this axis 12 is screwed an end of axis 14 whose end slides in a centering bore 15 of the insulating base 1, and which carries, by means of an insulating barrel 16, a central connection piece 17 which can be constituted by a simple copper washer.
  • the end of the axle 14 carries a cross member 18, which has a central orifice sliding on the end of the axle 14, and which is constantly pushed by a compression spring 19 against the insulating barrel 16
  • the device is shown in the normal operating position of the vehicle, that is to say in the position for which the electromagnet 4 is energized, the plunger core 10 and the axis 12. therefore being drawn down.
  • the mobile assembly has its stroke limited by a stop washer 20 fixed between the axis. 12 and the end of the axis 14.
  • the cross member 18 carries transversely at each of its ends a lateral connection strip 21 made of copper, the two strips 21 being isolated from one another and from the mass of the device.
  • insulating material for example polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Each lateral connection strip 21 is capable of coming into contact with the upper ends of two terminals 27 to form an electrical connection bridge between them, the four terminal locations thus defined occupying substantially the four angles of a square. To distinguish them from each other, these four terminals or terminal locations are marked externally on the insulating base 1 by the following marks: -BAT, + BAT, -VEH, + VEH. These references are indicated in Figure 1, and in the inverted position in Figures 8, 9 and 10 which are seen from below, as they appear to the user during connection.
  • the terminal passage holes in the insulating base 1 are closed by a sealing cap 28 which is opened to install the corresponding terminals 27, and which is left intact for the unused terminal location.
  • the terminal 27 then being replaced by a simple abutment piece 27a which serves as a support for the corresponding connection strip 21 but without serving as an electrical connection.
  • terminal C is used for connection with the external control line
  • terminals A and D + are each connected internally to a latch, respectively 29 and 30, carrying at its end a riveted grain of silver 31 on which comes into contact the central part of connection 17 discussed above.
  • terminal D + is connected to terminal D + of the alternator (with incorporated regulator), terminal A being joined by an external shunt 32 at terminal -VEH, and the latches 29 and 30 and their silver grains 31 are determined so that the circuit between them is closed by the part 17, thus ensuring the grounding of the regulator diodes, before the main circuit is cut by the connection bars 21.
  • This is the technique of the pre-contact which is illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 4 and the diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the catches 29 and 30 are then modified to be lower and their silver grains 31 are located below the central connection part 17, in order to 'Ensure the excitation of the alternator is precut by opening the contact between the latches before the main circuit opens, terminal D + being in this case connected to the excitation of the alternator.
  • the entire structure which has just been described, and which is carried by the insulating base 1, is enclosed in a metal cover. 33 crimped in a sealed manner by means of a seal 34, the electronic circuit constituted by a printed circuit board 35 being itself placed in this cover 33, and closed by a side cover 36 normally connected in leaktight manner with the cover 33 by means of a seal 37.
  • the electronic circuit 35 is electrically connected to the control input C, to the double coil 5 of the electromagnet 4, as well as to the -BAT and + BAT terminals by means of connection brackets 38 visible in FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the main cover 33 has at its base a horizontal flange 39 pierced with fixing holes 40 to allow its attachment to the vehicle at the appropriate location.
  • This cover 33 has at its upper end a thinned part 41 and two tapped holes 42 allowing, by eliminating the first and by screwing on the second, to adapt the emergency stop control device with mechanical locking shown on the figure 5.
  • the latter comprises a body 43, which is fixed in leaktight manner on the top of the cover 33 by means of screws 44 which are screwed into the holes 42, and a seal 45.
  • this body can slide in leaktight manner, thanks to a seal 46, a rod 47 terminated by an operating handle 48 and comprising an internal mechanical locking means with two positions thanks to two balls 49 pushed by a spring 50 in two grooves 51 to have two stable positions.
  • the inner end 52 of the rod 47 acts on a contact blade 53 in the direction of opening the contact between the terminals 54 and 55 which are interposed between the terminal -BAT and the earth of the electronic circuit, distinct from that of the vehicle.
  • the electronic circuit 35 proper is shown in detail in Figure-6 where we can see in particular the various connection terminals, and where the emergency stop control was assumed to be installed.
  • the external shunt 32 connecting the terminals -VEH and A according to FIG. 8.
  • the + terminal of the battery 56 or of the alternator 57 is joined by an ignition key 58 and a control line 59 to l control input C.
  • the double winding 5 has been shown by separating the call winding 5a from the holding winding 5m.
  • a divider bridge is used, formed of two resistors 60 and 61 mounted between C and the ground, and supplying the emitting part 62a of an optocoupler 62 whose receiving part 62b actuates an amplifier 63 to transistor and Zener diode.
  • a voltage regulator 66 When this is activated, it transmits the battery voltage, via a resistor 64, to the input 65 of a voltage regulator 66, also connected to ground, and whose main function is to deliver at its output 67 a regulated voltage of +5 volts to a monostable circuit 68.
  • the latter when it receives 67 by its power supply when the ignition key 58 is closed, switches its main output 69 to the high level and at the same time its secondary output 70 at the low level for a time determined by the resistor 71 and the capacitor 72. Then at the end of this time, the monostable switches spontaneously and establishes its output 69 at the low level and its output 7Q at level high.
  • the main outputs 69 and secondary 70 supply respectively, via a transistor amplifier with protective Zener diode, respectively 73 and 74, the call coil 5a and the holding coil 5m, each in parallel with a diode 75 for protection against opening extraterrestrials.
  • the call coil 5a is excited for a time sufficient for the electromagnet to come to the end of its travel and ensures the closing of the main circuit -VEH, -BAT, then, at the end of this time, feeds the holding coil 5m by interrupting the coil 5a to avoid overheating of the device and excessive current consumption during the excited operation of the electromagnet, state which continues for the whole operation of the vehicle.
  • the optocoupler no longer controls the regulator 66, which no longer supplies the monostable 68, and consequently the de-energized electromagnet opens the main circuit with, as we have seen above, the precontact or the precut if there is a secondary circuit between A and D +.
  • the electromagnet can be de-energized by local control, of the punch type, which interrupts the connection between the -BAT terminal and the earth of the electronic circuit, in the event that this local command has been mounted.
  • the battery switch is controlled not directly by the ignition key, but also by a push button on the dashboard.
  • the diagram in Figure 6 is modified according to the diagram in FIG. 7, where the push-button has been shown at 78, which is connected by two additional lines 79 and 80 to two additional input terminals 81 and 82.
  • the regulator of voltage 66 has its input always controlled by the transistor amplifier 63, but directly from input C, without passing through the optocoupler.
  • This octocoupler on the contrary is used, in this diagram, to join the regulated voltage output 67 to a resistor 83, establishing a voltage level which, by 81, 79, 78, 80 and 82, leads to a control input 84 of the monostable 68, which input is normally set low by a depolarization resistor 85.
  • the advantage of this type of control lies in the fact that, as soon as this push-button is released, no current flows through the control lines 79 and 80.
  • This diagram naturally corresponds to the transport of dangerous materials, and in the contrary case, we can here again omit all the components contained in circle 76 during manufacture and replace them with two direct link shunts 77a and 77b.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to produce a universal material, extremely efficient, perfectly suited to all use cases, and extremely competitive thanks to a unique manufacturing.
  • the optocoupler 62 could be split into its two components and the emitter 62a could be placed in the cabin, which would eliminate the electrical control line 59 which would be replaced by an optical fiber transmitting light from 62a to 62b with even greater security.
  • 62a would for example be an infrared light-emitting diode and 62b a photo-transistor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Electronically controlled battery electromagnetic cut-out breaking the main circuit and the auxiliary circuit and being intrinsically safe, characterized in that it includes a driving electromagnet (4) with a plunger core (10) of which the drive shaft (12,14) carries, by means of an insulating intermediate part (16), a central connecting part (17) intended for the breaking of the auxiliary circuit (A,D+), as well as a cross piece (18), driven by means of a spring (19) and itself carrying by means of insulating intermediate parts (22,23) two lateral connecting bars (21), returned by return springs (26), and capable of together being applied, in the energized state of the electromagnet (4), against four terminal locations (27 or 27a) in order to ensure the main single or two-pole break, the whole assembly being enclosed with the electronics (35) in a sealed case (1,33,36).

Description

L'invention concerne les interrupteurs de batterie à bord des véhicules automobiles, notamment des camions, dans le cas général et plus particulièrement dans le cas de camions affectés au transport de matières dangereuses.The invention relates to battery switches on board motor vehicles, in particular trucks, in the general case and more particularly in the case of trucks used for the transport of dangerous goods.

On sait que sur un véhicule automobile comportant une batterie électrique, un simple court-circuit peut entraîner un incendie. Pour cette raison, il est prescrit d'utiliser un coupe-batterie qui met la batterie hors circuit dans les périodes de non utilisation ou de danger. La commande manuelle de ce coupe-batterie est évidemment peu pratique, surtout si la batterie est éloignée du poste de conduite et peu accessible. Par ailleurs, les coupe-batterie à télécommande pneumatique sont estimés moins pratiques d'installation par certains constructeurs car nécessitant des tuyauteries pneumatiques et des distributeurs d'air. Pour cette raison, on se tourne de plus en plus vers les coupe-batterie à commande électromagnétique.We know that on a motor vehicle with an electric battery, a simple short circuit can cause a fire. For this reason, it is prescribed to use a battery switch which switches the battery off during periods of non-use or danger. Manual control of this battery switch is obviously impractical, especially if the battery is far from the driver's seat and not very accessible. In addition, pneumatic remote control battery switches are considered less practical for installation by some manufacturers because they require pneumatic piping and air distributors. For this reason, we are turning more and more to electromagnetically controlled battery switches.

Dans le cas plus particulier du transport de matières dangereuses, une simple étincelle produite par exemple par la commutation du circuit électrique peut entraîner l'explosion des émanations gazeuses. Pour cette raison, il est imposé à tous les véhicules affectés au transport de matières dangereuses susceptibles de créer une atmosphère explosible d'utiliser du matériel électrique à sécurité intrinsèque, c'est-à-dire en particulier dont tous les dispositifs de commutation susceptibles de créer une étincelle soient enfermés sous capot étanche. En outre, dans le cas d'un coupe-batterie électromagnétique télécommandé à distance, il est imposé que la ligné de commande ne soit parcourue que par une intensité électrique extrêmement faible, ne dépassant pas 20 mA.In the more specific case of the transport of hazardous materials, a simple spark produced for example by the switching of the electrical circuit can cause the explosion of gaseous fumes. For this reason, it is compulsory for all vehicles used for the transport of dangerous substances liable to create an explosive atmosphere to use intrinsically safe electrical equipment, that is to say in particular all the switching devices capable of create a spark be enclosed under sealed hood. In addition, in the case of an electromagnetic battery switch remotely controlled, it is imposed that the control line is traversed only by an extremely low electrical current, not exceeding 20 mA.

Il faut ajouter à cela que certaines normes imposent à certains véhicules une coupure bipolaire de la batterie, alors que pour certains autres véhicules, une coupure monopolaire suffit, mais en général sur le moins de la batterie pour les poids lourds et sur le plus de la batterie pour les autobus.It should be added to this that certain standards impose on certain vehicles a bipolar disconnection of the battery, while for certain other vehicles, a monopolar disconnection suffices, but generally on the least of the battery for heavy goods vehicles and on the most of the battery for buses.

De toutes ces normes et nombreux cas d'utilisation il résulte l'existence sur le marché d'un nombre considérable de types différents de coupe-batterie qui ont tous un caractère plus ou moins spécifique et sont de ce fait très onéreux en raison des faibles quantités produites dans chaque modèle.From all these standards and numerous use cases it results the existence on the market of a considerable number of different types of battery switch which all have a more or less specific character and are therefore very expensive due to the low quantities produced in each model.

Le but de l'invention est de remédier à ces inconvénients en réalisant un unique appareil de base qui satisfasse largement à toutes les normes imposées dans les conditions les plus difficiles, et qui en même temps s'adapte à tous les cas d'utilisation, par modification des raccordements ou par omission en fabrication des organes inutiles.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by producing a single basic device which largely meets all the standards imposed under the most difficult conditions, and which at the same time adapts to all use cases, by modification of the connections or by omission in manufacture of the useless organs.

L'invention consiste, pour l'appareil de base, à regrouper sous un même capot étanche un circuit électronique alimentant électriquement un électro-aimant à double bobinage, d'appel et de maintien, lequel entraxe mécaniquement une pièce de connexion centrale, et par l'intermédiaire d'une traverse, deux barrettes de connexion latérales, isolées entre elles et de la masse, et permettant de connecter en pont deux à deux quatre bornes de raccordement situées sensiblement selon un carré et susceptibles d'établir la commutation principale, respectivement entre le plus véhicule et le plus batterie, et entre le moins véhicule et le moins batterie, la pièce de connexion centrale étant susceptible d'établir la commutation entre deux linguets fixes pour assurer s'il y a lieu le précontact de mise à la masse ou la précoupure de l'excitation de l'alternateur.The invention consists, for the basic device, in grouping under the same watertight cover an electronic circuit electrically supplying an electromagnet with double coil, for calling and holding, which mechanically centers a central connecting piece, and by through a cross-member, two lateral connection bars, isolated from each other and from the ground, and making it possible to connect two to two four bridge connection terminals located substantially in a square and capable of establishing the main switching, respectively between the most vehicle and the most battery, and between the least vehicle and the least battery, the central connection part being capable of establishing the switching between two fixed latches to ensure if necessary the pre-contact for grounding or the precut of the alternator excitation.

Le circuit électronique comprend un optocoupleur, recevant la ligne de commande en provenance de la clef de contact située en cabine et commandant un régulateur de tension qui alimente un monostable, lequel monostable alimente après amplifications la bobine d'appel pendant le temps d'excitation, et la bobine de maintien en fonctionnement normal. Eventuellement une commande auxiliaire par bouton-poussoir installée au tableau de bord est réalisable.The electronic circuit includes an optocoupler, receiving the command line from the ignition key located in the cabin and controlling a voltage regulator which supplies a monostable, which monostable supplies the call coil after amplifications during the excitation time, and the holding coil in normal operation. Optionally, an auxiliary control by push button installed on the dashboard is possible.

D'autres particularités de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation pris comme exemple et représenté sur le dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe horizontale selon -I-I de la figure 2,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe verticale selon II-II de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe verticale selon III-III de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 est une coupe verticale selon IV-IV de la figure 1,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe analogue à la figure 2 dans le cas de l'adaptation d'une commande d'arrêt d'urgence à verrouillage mécanique,
  • la figure 6 est le schéma de la commande électronique dans le cas d'une commande par clef de contact,
  • la figure 7 représente ce même schéma électronique modifié pour la commande simultanée par clef de contact et bouton-poussoir, et
  • les figures 8 à 10 sont des schémas de l'appareil vu de dessous illustrant le raccordement extérieur pour divers cas d'utilisation.
Other features of the invention will appear in the following description of an embodiment taken as an example and shown in the attached drawing, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a horizontal section on -II of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical section along II-II of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical section on III-III of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical section on IV-IV of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 is a section similar to FIG. 2 in the case of the adaptation of an emergency stop command with mechanical locking,
  • FIG. 6 is the diagram of the electronic control in the case of control by ignition key,
  • FIG. 7 represents this same modified electronic diagram for the simultaneous control by ignition key and push button, and
  • Figures 8 to 10 are diagrams of the device seen from below illustrating the external connection for various use cases.

Comme illustré en particulier sur les figures 1 à 4, la partie mécanique du dispositif selon l'invention comprend une base isolante 1 sur laquelle est fixé, au moyen de vis 2, un étrier-support 3 portant l'électro-aimant 4. Celui-ci est constitué par un enroulement 5, formé d'un double bobinage, d'appel et de maintien, enroulé sur une carcasse 6 en matière isolante, elle-même montée dans un circuit magnétique formé par un étrier en .fer doux 7 et une plaque de fermeture 8 portant une pièce polaire fixe 9 rivetée sur cette plaque, tandis que les extrémités de l'étrier magnétique 7 se fixent dans l'étrier-support 3 au travers de la plaque de fermeture 8.As illustrated in particular in FIGS. 1 to 4, the mechanical part of the device according to the invention comprises an insulating base 1 on which is fixed, by means of screws 2, a support bracket 3 carrying the electromagnet 4. That -this is constituted by a winding 5, formed of a double winding, for calling and holding, wound on a carcass 6 made of insulating material, itself mounted in a magnetic circuit formed by a caliper made of soft iron 7 and a closure plate 8 carrying a fixed pole piece 9 riveted to this plate, while the ends of the magnetic stirrup 7 are fixed in the support stirrup 3 through the closure plate 8.

L'électro-aimant 4 se complète par un noyau plongeur 10 coulissant dans la carcasse 6 et traversant un orifice 11 dans la partie supérieure de l'étrier magnétique 7. Ce noyau plongeur est solidaire d'un axe 12 en matériau non magnétique qui traverse de manière coulissante la pièce polaire fixe 9 pour entraîner le mécanisme situé dans la base isolante 1 au-dessous de l'étrier 3.The electromagnet 4 is completed by a plunger core 10 sliding in the carcass 6 and passing through an orifice 11 in the upper part of the magnetic stirrup 7. This plunger core is integral with an axis 12 of non-magnetic material which passes through slidingly the fixed pole piece 9 to drive the mechanism located in the insulating base 1 below the stirrup 3.

Sur l'extrémité filetée 13 de cet axe 12 est vissé un bout d'axe 14 dont l'extrémité coulisse dans un alésage de centrage 15 de la base isolante 1, et qui porte, par l'intermédiaire d'un canon isolant 16, une pièce de connexion centrale 17 qui peut être constituée par une simple rondelle de cuivre.On the threaded end 13 of this axis 12 is screwed an end of axis 14 whose end slides in a centering bore 15 of the insulating base 1, and which carries, by means of an insulating barrel 16, a central connection piece 17 which can be constituted by a simple copper washer.

Au-dessus de ce canon isolant 16, le bout d'axe 14 porte une traverse 18, qui comporte un orifice central coulissant sur le bout d'axe 14, et qui est constamment poussée par un ressort de compression 19 contre le canon isolant 16. Sur les figures 1 à 4, le dispositif est représenté en position de fonctionnement normal du véhicule, c'est-à-dire dans la position pour laquelle l'électro-aimant 4 est excité, le noyau plongeur 10 et l'axe 12 étant par conséquent attirés vers le bas. Dans le mouvement inverse, l'ensemble mobile a sa course limitée par une rondelle de butée 20 fixée entre l'axe. 12 et le bout d'axe 14.Above this insulating barrel 16, the end of the axle 14 carries a cross member 18, which has a central orifice sliding on the end of the axle 14, and which is constantly pushed by a compression spring 19 against the insulating barrel 16 In FIGS. 1 to 4, the device is shown in the normal operating position of the vehicle, that is to say in the position for which the electromagnet 4 is energized, the plunger core 10 and the axis 12. therefore being drawn down. In the reverse movement, the mobile assembly has its stroke limited by a stop washer 20 fixed between the axis. 12 and the end of the axis 14.

La traverse 18 porte transversalement à chacune de ses extrémités une barrette de connexion latérale 21 en cuivre, les deux barrettes 21 étant isolées l'une de l'autre et de la masse du dispositif. Pour cela on peut, comme représenté, fixer chaque barrette 21 à la traverse 18 par un rivet 22 en matière isolante, par exemple en polytétrafluoréthylène, qui traverse à la fois la barrette 21 et la traverse 18, avec interpositon également d'une rondelle isolante 23 entre ces deux pièces, une rondelle-agrafe 24 maintenant chacun des rivets 22 en place. Naturellement, en variante, il serait possible d'utiliser une autre disposition en réalisant la traverse 18 en matériau isolant.The cross member 18 carries transversely at each of its ends a lateral connection strip 21 made of copper, the two strips 21 being isolated from one another and from the mass of the device. For that we can, as shown, fix each bar 21 to the crossbar 18 by a rivet 22 of insulating material, for example polytetrafluoroethylene, which crosses both the bar 21 and the crossbar 18, also with an interpositon of an insulating washer 23 between these two parts , a staple washer 24 holding each of the rivets 22 in place. Naturally, as a variant, it would be possible to use another arrangement by making the cross-member 18 in insulating material.

Entre la tête 25 de chaque rivet isolant 22 et la base isolante 1 est interposé un ressort de rappel 26 rappelant l'ensemble mobile vers le haut jusqu'à ce que la rondelle-butée 20 vienne rencontrer l'étrier de support 3.Between the head 25 of each insulating rivet 22 and the insulating base 1 is interposed a return spring 26 recalling the movable assembly upwards until the abutment washer 20 comes to meet the support bracket 3.

Chaque barrette de connexion latérale 21 est susceptible de venir contacter les extrémités supérieures de deux bornes 27 pour réaliser entre elles un pont de connexion électrique, les quatre emplacements de bornes ainsi définis occupant sensiblement les quatre angles d'un carré. Pour les distinguer entre elles, ces quatre bornes ou emplacements de bornes sont repérés extérieurement sur la base isolante 1 par les repères suivants : -BAT, +BAT, -VEH, +VEH. Ces repères sont indiqués sur la figure 1, et en position retournée sur les figures 8, 9 et 10 qui sont vues de dessous, tels qu'ils apparaissent à l'utilisateur lors du raccordement.Each lateral connection strip 21 is capable of coming into contact with the upper ends of two terminals 27 to form an electrical connection bridge between them, the four terminal locations thus defined occupying substantially the four angles of a square. To distinguish them from each other, these four terminals or terminal locations are marked externally on the insulating base 1 by the following marks: -BAT, + BAT, -VEH, + VEH. These references are indicated in Figure 1, and in the inverted position in Figures 8, 9 and 10 which are seen from below, as they appear to the user during connection.

Selon les utilisations, comme on le verra par la suite, il arrive qu'un des emplacements de borne ne soit pas utilisé. Pour cela, les trous de passage des bornes dans la base isolante 1 sont refermés par un opercule d'étanchéité 28 que l'on débouche pour installer les bornes 27 correspondantes, et que l'on laisse intact pour l'emplacement de borne non utilisé s'il y a lieu, la borne 27 étant alors remplacée par une simple pièce de butée 27a qui sert d'appui pour la barrette de connexion 21 correspondante mais sans servir de connexion électrique.Depending on the uses, as will be seen later, it may happen that one of the terminal locations is not used. For this, the terminal passage holes in the insulating base 1 are closed by a sealing cap 28 which is opened to install the corresponding terminals 27, and which is left intact for the unused terminal location. if necessary, the terminal 27 then being replaced by a simple abutment piece 27a which serves as a support for the corresponding connection strip 21 but without serving as an electrical connection.

Dans le plan III-III de la figure 3 sont disposées également, dans la base isolante 1, trois bornes de plus petite section, repérées C, D+ et A et visibles notamment sur la figure 3 et les figures 8 à 10. La borne C sert au raccordement avec la ligne de commande extérieure, tandis que les bornes A et D+ sont connectées chacune intérieurement à un linguet, respectivement 29 et 30, portant à son extrémité un grain d'argent riveté 31 sur lequel vient prendre contact la pièce centrale de connexion 17 examinée plus haut.In the plane III-III of Figure 3 are also arranged, in the insulating base 1, three terminals of smaller section, marked C, D + and A and visible in particular in Figure 3 and Figures 8 to 10. Terminal C is used for connection with the external control line, while the terminals A and D + are each connected internally to a latch, respectively 29 and 30, carrying at its end a riveted grain of silver 31 on which comes into contact the central part of connection 17 discussed above.

Dans le cas des véhicules comportant un alternateur à régulateur incorporé, la borne D+ est reliée à la borne D+ de l'alternateur (à régulateur incorporé), la borne A étant réunie par un shunt extérieur 32 à la borne -VEH, et les linguets 29 et 30 et leurs grains d'argent 31 sont déterminés de manière que le circuit entre eux soit refermé par la pièce 17, assurant ainsi la mise à la masse des diodes du régulateur, avant que n'ait lieu la coupure du circuit principal par les barrettes de connexion 21. C'est la technique du précontact qui est illustrée par les figures 1 à 4 et les schémas des figures 6 et 7.In the case of vehicles comprising an alternator with incorporated regulator, terminal D + is connected to terminal D + of the alternator (with incorporated regulator), terminal A being joined by an external shunt 32 at terminal -VEH, and the latches 29 and 30 and their silver grains 31 are determined so that the circuit between them is closed by the part 17, thus ensuring the grounding of the regulator diodes, before the main circuit is cut by the connection bars 21. This is the technique of the pre-contact which is illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 4 and the diagrams of FIGS. 6 and 7.

Dans le cas au contraire des véhicules comportant un alternateur à régulateur non incorporé, les linguets 29 et 30 sont alors modifiés pour être plus bas et que leurs grains d'argent 31 soient situés en-dessous de la pièce centrale de connexion 17, afin d'assurer la précoupure de l'excitation de l'alternateur par l'ouverture du contact entre les linguets avant qu'ait lieu l'ouverture du circuit principal, la borne D+ étant dans ce cas reliée à l'excitation de l'alternateur.In contrast, in the case of vehicles comprising an alternator with an incorporated regulator, the catches 29 and 30 are then modified to be lower and their silver grains 31 are located below the central connection part 17, in order to 'Ensure the excitation of the alternator is precut by opening the contact between the latches before the main circuit opens, terminal D + being in this case connected to the excitation of the alternator.

Toute la structure qui vient d'être décrite, et qui est portée par la base isolante 1, se trouve enfermée dans un capot métallique..33 serti de manière étanche grâce a un joint 34, le circuit électronique constitué par une plaquette de circuit imprime 35 étant lui-même placé dans ce capot 33, et refermé par un couvercle latéral 36 normalement raccordé de manière étanche avec le capot 33 au moyen d'un joint 37. Le circuit électronique 35 est raccordé électriquement à l'entrée de commande C, au double bobinage 5 de l'électro aimant 4, ainsi qu'aux bornes -BAT et +BAT grâce à des étriers de connexion 38 visibles sur les figures 1 à 4.The entire structure which has just been described, and which is carried by the insulating base 1, is enclosed in a metal cover. 33 crimped in a sealed manner by means of a seal 34, the electronic circuit constituted by a printed circuit board 35 being itself placed in this cover 33, and closed by a side cover 36 normally connected in leaktight manner with the cover 33 by means of a seal 37. The electronic circuit 35 is electrically connected to the control input C, to the double coil 5 of the electromagnet 4, as well as to the -BAT and + BAT terminals by means of connection brackets 38 visible in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Le capot principal 33 comporte à sa base un flasque horizontal 39 percé d'orifices de fixation 40 pour permettre sa fixation sur le véhicule à l'emplacement convenable. Ce capot 33 comporte à son extrémité supérieure une partie amincie 41 et deux trous taraudés 42 permettant, en éliminant la première et en se vissant sur les seconds, d'adapter le dispositif de commande d'arrêt d'urgence à verrouillage mécanique représenté sur la figure 5.The main cover 33 has at its base a horizontal flange 39 pierced with fixing holes 40 to allow its attachment to the vehicle at the appropriate location. This cover 33 has at its upper end a thinned part 41 and two tapped holes 42 allowing, by eliminating the first and by screwing on the second, to adapt the emergency stop control device with mechanical locking shown on the figure 5.

Ce dernier comprend un corps 43, se fixant de manière étanche sur le dessus du capot 33 au moyen de vis 44 se vissant dans les trous 42, et d'un joint 45. Dans ce corps peut coulisser de manière étanche, grâce à un joint 46, une tige 47 terminée par une poignée de manoeuvre 48 et comportant un moyen de verrouillage mécanique intérieur à deux positions grâce à deux billes 49 poussées par un ressort 50 dans deux gorges 51 pour avoir deux positions stables. Le bout intérieur 52 de la tige 47 vient agir sur une lame de contact 53 dans le sens de l'ouverture du contact entre les bornes 54 et 55 qui sont interposées entre la borne -BAT et la masse du circuit électronique, distincte de celle du véhicule.The latter comprises a body 43, which is fixed in leaktight manner on the top of the cover 33 by means of screws 44 which are screwed into the holes 42, and a seal 45. In this body can slide in leaktight manner, thanks to a seal 46, a rod 47 terminated by an operating handle 48 and comprising an internal mechanical locking means with two positions thanks to two balls 49 pushed by a spring 50 in two grooves 51 to have two stable positions. The inner end 52 of the rod 47 acts on a contact blade 53 in the direction of opening the contact between the terminals 54 and 55 which are interposed between the terminal -BAT and the earth of the electronic circuit, distinct from that of the vehicle.

Le circuit électronique 35 proprement dit est représenté en détail sur la figure-6 où l'on voit notamment les diverses bornes de raccordement, et où la commande d'arrêt d'urgence a été supposée installée. On y voit à la partie supérieure le véhicule avec sa batterie 56, dont les bornes - et + sont connectées respectivement aux bornes -BAT et +BAT. On voit également l'alternateur 57 supposé à régulateur incorporé et raccordé entre le + de la batterie et la masse du véhicule. Cet alternateur comporte une entrée supplémentaire de régulation D+ qui est raccordée à la borne D+ de l'appareil. On voit également le shunt extérieur 32 reliant les bornes -VEH et A selon la figure 8. Enfin, la borne + de la batterie 56 ou de l'alternateur 57 est réunie par une clef de contact 58 et une ligne de commande 59 à l'entrée de commande C. Le double bobinage 5 a été représenté en séparant le bobinage d'appel 5a du bobinage de maintien 5m.The electronic circuit 35 proper is shown in detail in Figure-6 where we can see in particular the various connection terminals, and where the emergency stop control was assumed to be installed. We see at the top the vehicle with its battery 56, whose terminals - and + are connected respectively to the terminals -BAT and + BAT. We also see the alternator 57 supposed to regulator incorporated and connected between the + of the battery and the mass of the vehicle. This alternator has an additional D + regulation input which is connected to the D + terminal of the device. We also see the external shunt 32 connecting the terminals -VEH and A according to FIG. 8. Finally, the + terminal of the battery 56 or of the alternator 57 is joined by an ignition key 58 and a control line 59 to l control input C. The double winding 5 has been shown by separating the call winding 5a from the holding winding 5m.

L'ensemble du dispositif ayant été réalisé de manière étanche pour être à sécurité intrinsèque, il est en outre nécessaire comme exposé plus haut, que dans le cas de transport de matières dangereuses, la ligne de commande 59 ne soit parcourue que par une intensité inférieure à 20 mA. Pour cela, conformément à l'invention, on utilise un pont diviseur, formé de deux résistances 60 et 61 montées entre C et la masse, et alimentant la partie émettrice 62a d'un optocoupleur 62 dont la partie réceptrice 62b actionne un amplificateur 63 à transistor et diode Zener. Lorsque celui-ci est activé, il transmet la tension de la batterie, par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance 64, à l'entrée 65 d'un régulateur de tension 66, connecté également à la masse, et dont la fonction principale est de délivrer à sa sortie 67 une tension régulée de +5 volts à un circuit monostable 68. Ce dernier, lorsqu'il reçoit par 67 son alimentation lors de la fermeture de la clef de contact 58, fait passer sa sortie principale 69 au niveau haut et en même temps sa sortie secondaire 70 au niveau bas pendant un temps déterminé par la résistance 71 et le condensateur 72. Puis à l'achèvement de ce temps, le monostable bascule spontanément et établit sa sortie 69 au niveau bas et sa sortie 7Q au niveau haut.The whole of the device having been made in leaktight manner to be intrinsically safe, it is also necessary, as explained above, that in the case of transport of dangerous materials, the control line 59 be traversed only by a lower intensity. at 20 mA. For this, in accordance with the invention, a divider bridge is used, formed of two resistors 60 and 61 mounted between C and the ground, and supplying the emitting part 62a of an optocoupler 62 whose receiving part 62b actuates an amplifier 63 to transistor and Zener diode. When this is activated, it transmits the battery voltage, via a resistor 64, to the input 65 of a voltage regulator 66, also connected to ground, and whose main function is to deliver at its output 67 a regulated voltage of +5 volts to a monostable circuit 68. The latter, when it receives 67 by its power supply when the ignition key 58 is closed, switches its main output 69 to the high level and at the same time its secondary output 70 at the low level for a time determined by the resistor 71 and the capacitor 72. Then at the end of this time, the monostable switches spontaneously and establishes its output 69 at the low level and its output 7Q at level high.

On voit par ailleurs sur le schéma de la figure 6 que les sorties principale 69 et secondaire 70 alimentent respectivement, par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur à transistor avec diode Zener de protection, respectivement 73 et 74, la bobine d'appel 5a et la bobine de maintien 5m, avec chacune en parallèle une diode 75 de protection contre les extrats-courants d'ouverture.It can also be seen in the diagram of FIG. 6 that the main outputs 69 and secondary 70 supply respectively, via a transistor amplifier with protective Zener diode, respectively 73 and 74, the call coil 5a and the holding coil 5m, each in parallel with a diode 75 for protection against opening extraterrestrials.

On voit donc que lors de la fermeture de la clef de contact 58, la bobine d'appel 5a se trouve excitée pendant un temps suffisant pour que l'électro-aimant vienne en fin de course et assure la fermeture du circuit principal -VEH, -BAT, puis, au bout de ce temps, alimente la bobine de maintien 5m en interrompant la bobine 5a pour éviter un échauffement du dispositif et une consommation de courant excessive pendant le maitien excité de l'électro-aimant, état qui se poursuit pendant tout le fonctionnement du véhicule. Inversement, lorsqu'on ouvre le contact 58, l'optocoupleur ne commande plus le régulateur 66, lequel n'alimente plus le monostable 68, et par suite l'électro-aimant déséxcité ouvre le circuit principal avec, comme on l'a vu plus haut, le précontact ou la précoupure s'il y a lieu du circuit secondaire entre A et D+.It can therefore be seen that when the ignition key 58 is closed, the call coil 5a is excited for a time sufficient for the electromagnet to come to the end of its travel and ensures the closing of the main circuit -VEH, -BAT, then, at the end of this time, feeds the holding coil 5m by interrupting the coil 5a to avoid overheating of the device and excessive current consumption during the excited operation of the electromagnet, state which continues for the whole operation of the vehicle. Conversely, when the contact 58 is opened, the optocoupler no longer controls the regulator 66, which no longer supplies the monostable 68, and consequently the de-energized electromagnet opens the main circuit with, as we have seen above, the precontact or the precut if there is a secondary circuit between A and D +.

A noter que ce résultat est obtenu avec une intensité de commande dans la ligne 59 très en-dessous de la norme de 20 mA exigée pour les véhicules susceptibles de transporter des matières dangereuses. Dans le cas, au contraire, d'un véhicule non destiné à transporter des matières dangereuses, on peut tout simplement omettre sur le circuit imprimé 35 les composants inclus dans le cercle 76 sur le schéma de la figure 6, et les remplacer par un simple shunt 77 reliant C à 64. On obtient alors avec les mêmes éléments principaux constitutifs, un appareil à sécurité intrinsèque mais non adapté au transport de matières dangereuses.Note that this result is obtained with a control intensity in line 59 far below the standard of 20 mA required for vehicles likely to transport hazardous materials. In the case, on the contrary, of a vehicle not intended to transport dangerous materials, one can quite simply omit on the printed circuit 35 the components included in the circle 76 on the diagram of figure 6, and replace them by a simple shunt 77 connecting C to 64. We then obtain with the same main constituent elements, an intrinsically safe device but not suitable for the transport of hazardous materials.

En cas d'urgence, la désexcitation de l'électro-aimant peut également être obtenue par la commande locale, du type à coup de poing, qui interrompt la liaison entre la borne -BAT et la masse du circuit électronique, dans le cas où cette commande locale a été montée.In an emergency, the electromagnet can be de-energized by local control, of the punch type, which interrupts the connection between the -BAT terminal and the earth of the electronic circuit, in the event that this local command has been mounted.

Certains constructeurs exigent que la commande du coupe-batterie soit assurée non pas directement par la clef de contact, mais en outre par un bouton-poussoir au tableau de bord. Dans ce cas, le schéma de la figure 6 est modifié selon le schéma de la figure 7, où l'on a représenté en 78 le bouton-poussoir, qui est relié par deux lignes supplémentaires 79 et 80 à deux bornes d'entrée supplémentaires 81 et 82. Dans ce cas, le régulateur de tension 66 a son entrée toujours commandée par l'amplificateur à transistor 63, mais directement à partir de l'entrée C, sans passer par l'optocoupleur. Cet octocoupleur sert au contraire, dans ce schéma, à réunir la sortie de tension régulée 67 à une résistance 83, établissant un niveau de tension qui, par 81, 79, 78, 80 et 82, aboutit à une entrée de commande 84 du monostable 68, laquelle entrée est normalement mise au niveau bas par une résistance de dépolarisation 85. L'intérêt de ce type de commande réside dans le fait que, dès le relâchement de ce bouton-poussoir, aucun courant ne circule dans les lignes de commande 79 et 80. Ce schéma correspond naturellement au transport de matières dangereuses, et dans le cas contraire, on peut là encore omettre à la fabrication tous les composants contenus dans le cercle 76 et les remplacer par deux shunts de liaison directe 77a et 77b.Some manufacturers require that the battery switch is controlled not directly by the ignition key, but also by a push button on the dashboard. In this case, the diagram in Figure 6 is modified according to the diagram in FIG. 7, where the push-button has been shown at 78, which is connected by two additional lines 79 and 80 to two additional input terminals 81 and 82. In this case, the regulator of voltage 66 has its input always controlled by the transistor amplifier 63, but directly from input C, without passing through the optocoupler. This octocoupler on the contrary is used, in this diagram, to join the regulated voltage output 67 to a resistor 83, establishing a voltage level which, by 81, 79, 78, 80 and 82, leads to a control input 84 of the monostable 68, which input is normally set low by a depolarization resistor 85. The advantage of this type of control lies in the fact that, as soon as this push-button is released, no current flows through the control lines 79 and 80. This diagram naturally corresponds to the transport of dangerous materials, and in the contrary case, we can here again omit all the components contained in circle 76 during manufacture and replace them with two direct link shunts 77a and 77b.

Tout ce qui précède concerne essentiellement le cas le plus fréquent des poids lourds, pour lesquels la coupure a lieu entre les bornes -BAT et -VEH, cas où comme on l'a vu, c'est l'emplacement +VEH qui est occupé par la pièce de butée 27a (figure 4), les trois autres emplacements de bornes étant occupés par les bornes 27 normales, et le shunt extérieur 32 étant connecté entre les bornes -VEH et A comme il apparaît sur la figure 8.All of the above essentially concerns the most frequent case of heavy goods vehicles, for which the cut takes place between the -BAT and -VEH terminals, where as we have seen, it is the location + VEH which is occupied by the abutment piece 27a (FIG. 4), the three other terminal locations being occupied by the normal terminals 27, and the external shunt 32 being connected between the terminals -VEH and A as it appears in FIG. 8.

Il est un deuxième cas, qui concerne plus particulièrement les autobus, où la coupure a lieu entre les bornes +BAT et +VEH, auquel cas c'est l'emplacement -VEH qui est occupé par la pièce de butée 27a, les trois autres emplacements étant occupés par des bornes normales 27, et le shunt extérieur 32 étant cette fois connecté entre les bornes -BAT et A, comme il apparaît sur la figure 9.There is a second case, which relates more particularly to buses, where the cut takes place between the terminals + BAT and + VEH, in which case it is the location -VEH which is occupied by the abutment piece 27a, the other three locations being occupied by normal terminals 27, and the external shunt 32 being this time connected between the terminals -BAT and A, as it appears in FIG. 9.

Enfin, il est des cas-plus rares où on utilise une coupure bipolaire de la batterie, auquel cas les quatre emplacements de bornes sont occupés par les bornes normales 27, comme représenté sur la figure 10, le shunt extérieur 32 étant alors connecté comme dans le cas de la figure 8.Finally, there are more rare cases where a bipolar cutoff of the battery is used, in which case the four terminal locations are occupied by the normal terminals 27, as shown in FIG. 10, the external shunt 32 then being connected as in the case of Figure 8.

En définitive, on voit que selon les cas d'utilisation, on peut obtenir :

  • 1. Une commande par clef de contact selon la figure 6 ou par bouton-poussoir selon la figure 7, à l'aide d'un circuit imprimé à peine modifié utilisant les mêmes composants et à l'aide de deux bornes supplémentaires 81 et 82;
  • 2. Un appareil satisfaisant aux normes matières dangereuses, ou un appareil standard en omettant dans ce cas les composants inclus dans le cercle 76 remplacés par un ou deux shunts;
  • 3. Un appareil sans commande locale ou avec commande locale, en installant dans ce dernier cas les composants représentés sur la figure 5;
  • 4. Un appareil avec précontact ou précoupure du circuit auxiliaire, selon la forme ou le cambrage donnés aux linguets 29 et 30; enfin
  • 5. Une coupure du circuit principal sur le moins, ou sur le plus, ou encore bipolaire, en utilisant respectivement le montage des figures 8 à 10.
Ultimately, we see that depending on the use cases, we can obtain:
  • 1. Control by ignition key according to FIG. 6 or by push button according to FIG. 7, using a barely modified printed circuit using the same components and using two additional terminals 81 and 82;
  • 2. An appliance meeting the hazardous materials standards, or a standard appliance, in this case omitting the components included in circle 76 replaced by one or two shunts;
  • 3. A device without local control or with local control, installing in the latter case the components shown in Figure 5;
  • 4. A device with precontact or precut of the auxiliary circuit, according to the shape or the camber given to the latches 29 and 30; finally
  • 5. A break in the main circuit on the least, or on the most, or even bipolar, using the assembly of Figures 8 to 10 respectively.

Ces divers cas se multipliant entre eux, c'est donc au total 48 cas d'utilisations différentes que l'on peut satisfaire avec un même type d'appareil, les diverses versions étant obtenues à partir des mêmes composants essentiels et ne variant entre eux que par le montage et dans certains cas l'omission des organes utilisés.These various cases multiplying between them, it is therefore a total of 48 different use cases that can be satisfied with the same type of device, the various versions being obtained from the same essential components and not varying between them. only by mounting and in some cases omitting the organs used.

L'invention permet ainsi de réaliser un matériel universel, extrêmement performant, parfaitement adapté à tous les cas d'utilisation, et extrêmement compétitif grâce à une fabrication unique.The invention thus makes it possible to produce a universal material, extremely efficient, perfectly suited to all use cases, and extremely competitive thanks to a unique manufacturing.

En variante, l'optocoupleur 62 pourrait être scindé en ses deux composants et l'émetteur 62a être placé dans la cabine, ce qui supprimerait la ligne de commande électrique 59 qui se trouverait remplacée par une fibre optique transmettant la lumière de 62a à 62b avec une sécurité encore accrue. Dans ce cas, 62a serait par exemple une diode électroluminescente à infrarouge et 62b un photo-transistor.Alternatively, the optocoupler 62 could be split into its two components and the emitter 62a could be placed in the cabin, which would eliminate the electrical control line 59 which would be replaced by an optical fiber transmitting light from 62a to 62b with even greater security. In this case, 62a would for example be an infrared light-emitting diode and 62b a photo-transistor.

Claims (9)

1. Interrupteur électromagnétique de batterie à commande électronique à coupure sur circuit principal et sur circuit auxiliaire et à sécurité intrinsèque, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un électro-aimant de commande (4) à noyau plongeur (10) dont la tige de commande (12,14) porte, par un intermédiaire isolant (16), une pièce centrale de connexion (17) destinée à la coupure du circuit auxiliaire (A,D+), ainsi qu'une traverse (18), entraînée par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort (19) et portant à son tour par des intermédiaires isolants (22,23) deux barrettes de connexion latérales (21), rappelées par des ressorts de rappel (26), et susceptibles de venir s'appliquer dans leur ensemble et dans l'état excité de l'électro-aimant (4) sur quatre emplacements de bornes (27 ou 27a) pour assurer la coupure principale mono ou bipolaire, l'ensemble étant enfermé avec l'électronique (35) dans un bottier étanche (1,33,36).1. Electromagnetic battery switch with electronic control with cut-off on main circuit and on auxiliary circuit and intrinsically safe, characterized in that it comprises a control electromagnet (4) with plunger core (10), the rod of which control (12,14) carries, by an insulating intermediary (16), a central connection piece (17) intended for cutting the auxiliary circuit (A, D +), as well as a crosspiece (18), driven by the intermediate of a spring (19) and in turn carrying by insulating intermediates (22,23) two lateral connection bars (21), recalled by return springs (26), and capable of being applied in their together and in the excited state of the electromagnet (4) on four terminal locations (27 or 27a) to ensure the main mono or bipolar break, the assembly being enclosed with the electronics (35) in a case waterproof (1,33,36). 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'électro-aimant (4) comprend un enroulement (5) à double bobinage; d'appel (5a) et de maintien (5m), et que l'électronique de commande comprend un régulateur de tension (66) qui, lorsqu'il est alimenté, directement ou indirectement à partir de la ligne de commande, (59),(C), actionne un monostable (68) dont la ligne de sortie directe (69) commande par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur (73) la bobine d'appel (5a), et dont la sortie inverse (70) commande par l'intermédiaire d'un autre amplificateur (74) le bobinage de maintien (5m).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnet (4) comprises a winding (5) with double winding; (5a) and holding (5m), and that the control electronics include a voltage regulator (66) which, when supplied, directly or indirectly from the control line, (59) , (C), activates a monostable (68) whose direct output line (69) controls via an amplifier (73) the call coil (5a), and whose reverse output (70) controls by means of another amplifier (74) the holding winding (5m). 3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'entrée de commande (C), destinée à être commandée directement par la clef de contact (58) et par une ligne de commande (59) à faible intensité, comprend un optocoupleur (62) qui commande par un amplificateur (63) l'alimentation du régulateur de tension (66).3. Switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the control input (C), intended to be controlled directly by the ignition key (58) and by a low intensity control line (59), comprises a optocoupler (62) which controls the supply of the voltage regulator (66) by an amplifier (63). 4. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'entrée de commande (C) destinée à être raccordée à la clef de contact (58) par une ligne de commande (59), alimente le régulateur de tension (66) par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur (63).. et en parallèle avec celui-ci, un optocoupleur (62), lequel transmet la tension d'alimentation régulée (67) fournie par le régulateur (66), a une entrée de commande (84) du monostable (68), par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit extérieur (81,79,80,82) incluant un bouton-poussoir de commande (78) au tableau de bord.4. Switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the control input (C) intended to be connected to the ignition key (58) by a control line (59), supplies the voltage regulator (66) via an amplifier (63) .. and in parallel with this, an optocoupler (62), which transmits the regulated supply voltage (67) supplied by the regulator (66), to an input of control (84) of the monostable (68), via an external circuit (81,79,80,82) including a control push button (78) on the dashboard. 5. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il peut recevoir une commande locale (48) d'interruption constituée par un interrupteur (53) coup de poing à verrouillage mécanique (49,50,51) et à ouverture de circuit inséré entre la borne négative de la batterie (-BAT) et la masse du circuit électronique, de manière à assurer une commande locale d'urgence de la déséxcitation de l'électro-aimant.5. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can receive a local command (48) for interruption constituted by a switch (53) punch with mechanical locking (49,50,51) and with circuit opening inserted between the negative terminal of the battery (-BAT) and the earth of the electronic circuit, so as to ensure local emergency control of the de-excitation of the electromagnet. 6. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les deux bornes (A, D+) du circuit auxiliaire sont chacune solidaire d'un linguet (29,30) dont la pièce de contact (31) est située à courte distance au-dessus de la pièce centrale de connexion (17) de manière à assurer un précontact à la masse des diodes du régulateur incorporé de l'alternateur du véhicule, juste avant la coupure du circuit principal.6. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two terminals (A, D +) of the auxiliary circuit are each secured to a latch (29,30) whose contact piece (31) is located at short distance above the central connection piece (17) so as to ensure a pre-contact to ground of the diodes of the built-in regulator of the vehicle's alternator, just before the main circuit is cut off. 7. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les bornes (A, D+) du circuit auxiliaire sont raccordées chacune à un linguet (29,30) dont les pièces de contact (31) sont disposées à courte distance au-dessous de la pièce centrale de connexion (17) de manière à effectuer une précoupure de l'excitation (D+) de l'alternateur (57) du véhicule.7. Switch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the terminals (A, D +) of the auxiliary circuit are each connected to a latch (29,30) whose contact parts (31) are arranged at short distance below the central connection piece (17) so as to precut the excitation (D +) of the vehicle's alternator (57). 8. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'un shunt extérieur (32) réunit la borne d'entrée (A) du circuit auxiliaire à une des bornes négatives, de la batterie (-BAT) ou du véhicule (-VEH) selon les cas, et que dans le cas d'utilisation monopolaire, la borne normale (27) non utilisée est remplacée par une pièce de butée (27a).8. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an external shunt (32) joins the input terminal (A) of the auxiliary circuit to one of the negative terminals, of the battery (-BAT) or of the vehicle (-VEH) as appropriate, and that in the case of monopolar use, the normal terminal (27) not used is replaced by a stop piece (27a). 9. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une pièce de base (1) en matière plastique moulée isolante portant tous les composants électromécaniques et dont les trous de passage des bornes (27) du circuit principal, au moins à certains des emplacements prévus, sont fermés par des opercules (28) qui sont débouchés pour la mise en place des bornes normales (27), mais laissés fermés à l'emplacement de la pièce de butée (27a) s'il y a lieu.9. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a base part (1) of insulating molded plastic material carrying all the electromechanical components and including the terminal passage holes (27) of the main circuit , at least at some of the locations provided, are closed by lids (28) which are opened for the establishment of normal terminals (27), but left closed at the location of the stop piece (27a) if takes place.
EP84108720A 1984-03-30 1984-07-24 Electronically controlled electromagnetic battery switch Expired EP0155983B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84108720T ATE25359T1 (en) 1984-03-30 1984-07-24 ELECTROMAGNETIC BATTERY SWITCH WITH ELECTRONIC CONTROL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8405093A FR2562322B1 (en) 1984-03-30 1984-03-30 ELECTROMAGNETIC BATTERY SWITCH WITH ELECTRONIC CONTROL
FR8405093 1984-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155983A1 true EP0155983A1 (en) 1985-10-02
EP0155983B1 EP0155983B1 (en) 1987-02-04

Family

ID=9302688

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84108720A Expired EP0155983B1 (en) 1984-03-30 1984-07-24 Electronically controlled electromagnetic battery switch

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4644179A (en)
EP (1) EP0155983B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS617533A (en)
AT (1) ATE25359T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3462320D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8700494A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2562322B1 (en)

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FR2735186A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-13 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER PROVIDED WITH A CONTACTOR COMPRISING IMPROVED ELECTRICAL GROUNDING MEANS IN THE REST POSITION AND CONTACTOR PROVIDED WITH SUCH MEANS.
EP0751545A1 (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-01-02 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having an electronic circuit integrated to the contactor, and vehicle starter having such a contactor
EP0768695A1 (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-16 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Contactor for starter with improved fixed contacts, and starter for motor vehicle equipped with such a contactor
US5694100A (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-12-02 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Motor vehicle starter having an auxiliary control relay, and a contactor for such a starter
EP0828275A1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-11 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having an electronic circuit integrated to the contactor, and vehicle starter having such a contactor
FR2755535A1 (en) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-07 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER CONTACTOR COMPRISING AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL CIRCUIT INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTACTOR, AND VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING SUCH A CONTACTOR
WO2011009665A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic switching device having a compact construction

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FR2591972B1 (en) * 1985-12-20 1988-04-22 Ecans ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED BATTERY SWITCH
GB2214004B (en) * 1987-12-18 1992-03-18 Nl Petroleum Services Electrical connectors incorporating automatic power control
JP3338216B2 (en) * 1994-12-13 2002-10-28 三菱電機株式会社 Selector switch
FR2753147B1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-12-04 Valeo Vision LIGHT FOR MOTOR VEHICLE, FOR MOUNTING FROM THE OUTSIDE
FR2759810B1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1999-04-09 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur CONTACTOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING IMPROVED MEANS OF PROTECTION OF AN ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT
US6597558B1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2003-07-22 Mtr, Inc. Solenoid system
ITTO20020690A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2004-02-03 Eltek Spa VEHICLE BATTERY PROTECTION SYSTEM
WO2008033349A2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 Gigavac, Inc. Sealed contactor
DE102010018755A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Kissling Elektrotechnik Gmbh Relay with integrated safety circuit
CN103029654B (en) * 2012-12-03 2015-05-06 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院 Automatic control device for power switch of explosion-proof vehicle in underground coal mine
KR101869717B1 (en) * 2014-01-27 2018-06-21 엘에스산전 주식회사 Electromagnetic relay
WO2021007770A1 (en) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-21 Suzhou Littelfuse Ovs Co., Ltd. Two-part solenoid plunger

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FR2488041A1 (en) * 1980-08-02 1982-02-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Contactor for IC engine starter motor - has armature coaxially slidable on actuator rod and is biassed by return spring

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FR2367341A1 (en) * 1976-10-05 1978-05-05 Lucas Industries Ltd ELECTRICAL SWITCH
US4149093A (en) * 1977-08-31 1979-04-10 U.S. Autotronics Battery protection device
GB2029146A (en) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-12 Texas Instruments Inc Switching circuit
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DE2907720A1 (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Kissling Gmbh Vehicle emergency electrical supply disconnection system - has electronic unit with safety switch and with thyristors connected to two concentric coils controlling armature
FR2474753A1 (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-07-31 Pointout Jacques Bipolar vehicle battery cut=out switch - ensures neutralisation of alternator before battery cut=out and allows energisation of parking lights alone
FR2488041A1 (en) * 1980-08-02 1982-02-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Contactor for IC engine starter motor - has armature coaxially slidable on actuator rod and is biassed by return spring

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2735186A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-13 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER PROVIDED WITH A CONTACTOR COMPRISING IMPROVED ELECTRICAL GROUNDING MEANS IN THE REST POSITION AND CONTACTOR PROVIDED WITH SUCH MEANS.
EP0749144A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-18 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter with a contactor having perfectionate means for earthing in rest position, and contactor having such means
US5694100A (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-12-02 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Motor vehicle starter having an auxiliary control relay, and a contactor for such a starter
FR2736100A1 (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-01-03 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER CONTACTOR COMPRISING AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL CIRCUIT INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTACTOR, AND VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING SUCH A CONTACTOR
EP0751545A1 (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-01-02 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having an electronic circuit integrated to the contactor, and vehicle starter having such a contactor
EP0768695A1 (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-16 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Contactor for starter with improved fixed contacts, and starter for motor vehicle equipped with such a contactor
FR2739899A1 (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-04-18 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER CONTACTOR HAVING IMPROVED FIXED CONTACTS AND MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A CONTACTOR
US5801607A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-09-01 Valeo Equipments Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having improved fixed contacts, and a motor vehicle starter having such a contactor
EP0828275A1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-11 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having an electronic circuit integrated to the contactor, and vehicle starter having such a contactor
FR2753302A1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-13 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER CONTACTOR COMPRISING AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL CIRCUIT INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTACTOR, AND VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING SUCH A CONTACTOR
US6049263A (en) * 1996-09-06 2000-04-11 Valeo Equipements Electronics Moteur Starter contactor incorporating an electronic control circuit, and a vehicle starter having such a contactor
FR2755535A1 (en) * 1996-11-07 1998-05-07 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur STARTER CONTACTOR COMPRISING AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL CIRCUIT INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTACTOR, AND VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING SUCH A CONTACTOR
US5936497A (en) * 1996-11-07 1999-08-10 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Starter contactor having an electronic control circuit, and a vehicle engine starter having such a contactor
WO2011009665A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic switching device having a compact construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4644179A (en) 1987-02-17
FR2562322A1 (en) 1985-10-04
JPS617533A (en) 1986-01-14
EP0155983B1 (en) 1987-02-04
ES8700494A1 (en) 1986-10-16
ES541656A0 (en) 1986-10-16
DE3462320D1 (en) 1987-03-12
FR2562322B1 (en) 1986-08-08
ATE25359T1 (en) 1987-02-15

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