EP0155527B1 - Device for cleaning semolina - Google Patents

Device for cleaning semolina Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155527B1
EP0155527B1 EP85101898A EP85101898A EP0155527B1 EP 0155527 B1 EP0155527 B1 EP 0155527B1 EP 85101898 A EP85101898 A EP 85101898A EP 85101898 A EP85101898 A EP 85101898A EP 0155527 B1 EP0155527 B1 EP 0155527B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stand
cleaning box
cleaning
support
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85101898A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0155527A2 (en
EP0155527A3 (en
Inventor
Roman Mueller
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Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85101898T priority Critical patent/ATE36817T1/en
Publication of EP0155527A2 publication Critical patent/EP0155527A2/en
Publication of EP0155527A3 publication Critical patent/EP0155527A3/en
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Publication of EP0155527B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155527B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning semolina, which comprises: (a) a stand with a vertical central support; (b) a plurality of sieve layers arranged one above the other, which can be set into vibration by at least one unbalance exciter, each with an inlet or outlet arranged on one end side for the product inlet or sieve rejection, the sieve layers being designed as a cleaning box and being mounted on the stand so that they can vibrate; (c) collecting devices for the sieve diarrhea and (d) an air duct which can be adjusted by means of adjusting flaps through the sieve layers via an upper air distribution space into a suction collecting duct.
  • Such devices for cleaning semolina are special machines that are used almost exclusively in grain milling. They are used to sort out semolina and dun and occasionally maize semolina from the product fed to the machine.
  • the main function of these machines is to sort the semolina of the largest possible granulation range (clean semolina, mixed products, light products, special products such as cooking semolina or similar, germs, etc.).
  • the greatest possible yield of clean semolina should be achieved. Fluctuations in the incoming performance of the product should not have a negative impact on the quality of work, and the respective setting of the machine must not inadvertently change during the work process.
  • a device for cleaning semolina according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 is known from US Pat. No. 3,380,585 (SALETE) and from BÜHLER / BÜHLER-MIAG brochure no. MU 18206 D 8303 800 LB, "Semolina cleaning machine PUROSTAR / model MQRE "1983 known.
  • a semolina cleaning machine similar to the generic semolina cleaning machine is also known from AT-B 185 667 (GEBRÜDER BÜHLER).
  • the invention is based on the object of finding a semolina cleaning machine which runs particularly smoothly compared to known semolina cleaning machines, is lightweight and is more accessible.
  • this object is achieved in that in the generic semolina cleaning device mentioned at the outset, the vertical support merges into a foot at the bottom and the cleaning box is mounted so that it can vibrate downward at the foot of the stand and is supported there.
  • a device and a method for separating bulk material mixtures according to the weight of the mixed material components are known.
  • Such a device also has a vibrating body. This is not used for sieving but for separating the products according to the weight. Sieves are therefore not available to separate the goods.
  • the vibrating body in the known device rests on the surface, more precisely on the head of a base.
  • the solution according to the invention initially creates "free space" for easy access by the operator above the sieve boxes, which makes it particularly easy to keep the device itself and its surroundings clean. Since in the solution according to the invention the oscillatable support and mounting of the sieve layers designed as a cleaning box now takes place downward at the foot of the stand, a particularly quiet and vibration-free running of the entire device can be achieved, not least because the stand parts above the stand base for vibration compensation , ie can contribute to vibration damping as a result. In conventional machines, in which the support was provided in the form of suspensions on the housing for the machine, the housing had to absorb the vibrations which occurred, which resulted in a more uneven running.
  • the machine housing can be kept largely free of vibrations, since the vibrations of the cleaning box to be absorbed are derived downwards.
  • the stand has a stand head (11) and a vertical central support connecting it to the stand base, the upper air distribution space of the device being formed by the stand head itself or forming it.
  • the stand preferably has a central support at its front and rear ends.
  • the cleaning box is supported by a spring system, as a result of which the entire oscillating structure is given two additional degrees of freedom for the oscillating movement.
  • the spring system preferably has hollow rubber springs, steel springs or a rubber joint system, which makes it possible to connect the vibration exciter firmly to the cleaning box and still make the direction of action of the vibration exciter adjustable.
  • the cleaning box is expediently designed as an oscillatable structure in the sense of a cantilever chair, whereby it can be supported, again on the two end sides, in an oscillating manner downward on the stand base.
  • a double conveyor trough vibrating in the same direction as the cleaning box is supported on the stand base so as to be capable of swinging independently of it.
  • the cleaning box and the oscillating double conveyor trough are driven by a common unbalance exciter, whereby, again preferably, the cleaning box is firmly connected to the unbalance exciter and the direction of action of the unbalance exciter is adjustable.
  • the swinging double conveyor trough a lever joint from the vibrating unit to be driven by an end support from the cleaning box from the collecting devices can be set in motion by a drive lever and a support, the articulation points of the lever on the end support as are adjustable on the support of the fall arrester for setting the throwing distance.
  • the adjustability of the direction of force of the vibration exciter means that, depending on the choice of the direction of force with regard to the center of gravity of the vibrating unit, the vibrations at the beginning and at the end of the cleaning box can be adjusted in direction and intensity as required.
  • the oscillation deflection can be set independently of the oscillating movement of the cleaning box, although the same imbalance exciter is used to generate the vibrations.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention also consists in the fact that the center supports protrude in height above the cleaning box and merge symmetrically into a stand foot on both end sides, and that the space between the two stand feet is free of immovable, i.e. components that cannot be vibrated. This makes it possible to leave a lateral space for the air supply over the length of the entire device, even on the inside thereof.
  • a resilient element is arranged between the stand and the cleaning box, as a result of which the reaction forces to the device, which result from the vibrating forces, can be absorbed well in the device, since the stand and stand head represent an effective countermeasure to the otherwise vibrating elements.
  • the elastic element can be arranged between the stand foot and the central support of the stand.
  • elastic elements are attached between the center support of the stand and the stand head.
  • the center supports themselves can preferably also be designed as elastic elements, as a result of which particularly quiet and stable operation of the overall device can be achieved.
  • the vibrating forces are derived directly there, the stand being able to be designed for its main function for carrying the various elements. Because both the process of cleaning the semolina and the action of the necessary mechanical forces can be concentrated on their actual working zone, not only can a good quality of work be obtained and the product performance increase compared to conventional semolina cleaning machines, but also the service life of the entire device significantly increase compared to known machines.
  • the vibrating forces can be kept completely away from the air guide elements, so that once the air guide has been set or the corresponding position of the air guide flaps can no longer adjust itself.
  • FIG. 1 in which (as in the other figures) a so-called double machine is shown, which consists of two semolina cleaning machines that are completely separate in terms of working technology, as shown in FIG. 3. These two semolina cleaning machines are arranged on the left and right with respect to a central stand construction.
  • each individual collecting device 4 or 5 has two processes 6 or 7.
  • the sieve layers 3 are each combined to form a cleaning box 8 (FIG. 3), so that each cleaning box 8 is assigned two outlets 2 for the screen rejection and four outlets 6 and 7 for the screen diarrhea in accordance with the illustrated embodiment.
  • Each cleaning box 8 is supported by an end support 12 (FIG.
  • the collecting device 4 is designed as a vibrating conveyor trough, which rests on both end sides on a support 19 mounted in rubber (FIG. 1).
  • the oscillation drive of the collecting device 4 takes place via a lever 20 which connects the oscillating end support 12 to the support 19.
  • the swing stroke of the collecting device 4 can thus be selected or adjusted independently of the swing stroke of the cleaning box 8.
  • the stand 9 carries all non-vibrating components directly, the vibrating elements being mounted above the lower part of the stand.
  • the stand 9 also has a vertical support 21 on each end side (FIG. 3), which merges with an extension into a foot construction at the bottom. According to the illustration in FIG.
  • the vertical support 21 extends a little beyond the uppermost sieve layer and carries a stand head 11, which essentially forms an upper air distribution space 22.
  • This upper air distribution space 22 has an upwardly tapered shape and is divided over its length by bulkheads 23 into sixteen separate air guiding chambers 24.
  • the bulkheads 23, as can be seen from FIG. 1, are brought close to the uppermost sieve layer, the distance being chosen so that it is somewhat larger than the greatest layer thickness of the material that ever occurs.
  • the upper inclined surfaces of the air distribution space 22 have transparent windows 25 over their entire length, so that the flow behavior of the material over the top sieve layer 3 can be controlled with an electric light source from the outside of the device.
  • the stand construction shows the basic structure of the non-vibrating elements of the device (“stand construction”), two different exemplary embodiments being shown in this figure.
  • the one embodiment shown is that an elastic or resilient element 30 is interposed between the stand base 10 and the vertical support 21.
  • the other exemplary embodiment results from the arrangement of an elastic or resilient element 31 between the stand base 10 and the stand head 11.
  • the stand base 21 together with the stand head 11 represents a vibration damping mass for the non-oscillating parts.
  • the stand foot 21 could also be of a lightweight construction and itself embody the resilient element.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment, which is particularly advantageous for certain applications, can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • a base 32 which is supported on the stand 10 and which can swing is provided, which has a plurality of depressions 33 along its length, each of which has a longitudinal product flap or chute 34 (FIG. 3) on the inside or the outer collecting device 4 or 5 can be aligned so that the screen rejection, depending on the request, can be derived either into one or into the other collecting device below the sieve layers 3.
  • the number of product longitudinal flaps 34 is preferably selected to be approximately the same size as the corresponding number of air guiding chambers 24.
  • the product flow brings a certain self-cleaning effect in the device: in the prior art, the changeover flaps are mounted directly on the collecting device 4 or 5, whereby a half of the collecting device in question is covered continuously, which leads to the formation of sealed-off dirt corners beneath it can, which in turn can not occur in the invention, since there is no cover there.
  • Yet another noticeable advantage of the device according to the invention is that the sieve diarrhea can be divided very precisely into the desired fractions, because disturbing air flows in the longitudinal direction are virtually eliminated.
  • the vibrator When the semolina cleaning machine shown is started up, the vibrator is switched on, so that the cleaning box 8, the bottom 32 and the collecting devices 4 and 5 carry out the preselected oscillating movement in the longitudinal direction of the device. Likewise, the entire device is placed in a slight negative pressure via a suction collection channel 27 or an aspiration associated therewith. Depending on the separation task, all slides and flaps are provisionally adjusted, after which the product can be fed into inlet 1. The product immediately falls on the top sieve layer 3. Due to the shaking movement which is imprinted on the material, as well as through the sieve layers which are deliberately inclined downwards from the inlet 1 to the outlet 2 and the air flow through the sieve layers 3, the product behaves like a liquid (fluidized ).
  • the central task of the semolina cleaning machine lies in the actual sieving process. So the air flow must not be adjusted so much that the entire product layer could be lifted off the sieve layers. Rather, the air primarily serves the function of loosening up the product and distributing it evenly over the entire surface.
  • the product should be fractionated into coarse, medium and fine size or into cooking size and medium size etc.
  • the first six chutes in the collecting device 4 the subsequent eleven chutes are directed into the collecting device 5.
  • the two sieve passes are finished products that can be delivered to the corresponding storage cells or to the consumers.
  • the screen rejects at the outlets are partially regrinded or crushed and then transferred to a second, appropriately set, semolina cleaning machine.
  • two different processes 6 and 7 can be selected from each collecting device 4 or 5, so that four different fractions can be separated from each cleaning box 8.
  • Fig. 4 the support of the vibrating unit is shown on a spring system 40, which is embodied by a rubber joint 43.
  • the unbalance exciter 14 can, as can be seen in FIG. 1, be rotated about the transverse axis 16, so that the direction of force 41 can optionally be set, as indicated by the arrow 41 '. If the direction of the force action passes through the center of gravity "S" of the vibrating unit (cf. FIG. 4), a uniform vibration of the entire stack of sieves is generally achieved. However, if the direction of force 41 does not run through the center of gravity "S", then - depending on the particular requirements - an actual vibration can be set in the area of the inlet 1 in accordance with the angle a and in the outlet 2 in accordance with the angle ⁇ .
  • the cleaning box 8 is mounted as an actual cantilever on a spring system 40 or a steel spring 42 so that it can vibrate.
  • the unbalance vibrator 14, which is adjustable with respect to the direction of the force action, is fastened to the end support 12 and, by using two vibrators rotating in opposite directions, brings about an essentially purely linear oscillating movement in a manner analogous to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 1.
  • the collecting device 4, 5 is independent of the cleaning box 8 a support 19 mounted to vibrate.
  • the end support 12 is connected to the support 19 via a lever 20, so that the Vibrations of the unit which is supported so that it can oscillate transversely via the spring system 40 can be transmitted via the lever 20 to the collecting device 4, 5.
  • the lever 20 can be attached to the support 19 at different heights x1, x2, ... x6 (cf. FIG. 6). This creates the possibility, starting from the drive of the unbalance vibrator 14 via a correspondingly selected and adjustable lever path, to trigger or force different lateral oscillation deflections of the collecting device 4, 5, thereby obtaining a surprisingly simple oscillating structure.
  • the sieve stack performs a short-stroke oscillation for the "sieving" task, while the collecting device carries out a long-stroke oscillating throwing movement in accordance with the function of an oscillating conveyor trough, which is supported by the correct articulation of the lever 20 on the support 19.
  • the work result of this combined cantilever lever arm has proven to be surprisingly good.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

In the case of an apparatus for cleaning grits, which has a plurality of superimposed screen layers, which can be vibrated by means of at least one unbalance exciter and with an inlet or outlet for the product inlet or screen discharge arranged at one end, collecting means with adjustable setting flaps for the screenings, as well as an air circulation through the screen layers over an air distribution chamber in a suction collecting channel adjustable by means of adjusting flaps, it is provided that the apparatus is constructed as a stand with a stand head, a stand base and a vertical intermediate support connecting said two parts, the screen layers being constructed as a dust box and being vibratably supported in the vicinity of the stand base, the stand top being formed by the upper air distribution chamber.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Putzen von Grießen, die aufweist: (a) einen Ständer mit einer vertikalen Mittelstütze; (b) mehrere übereinander angeordnete, von mindestens einem Unwuchterreger in Schwingungen versetzbare Sieblagen mit je an einer Endseite angeordnetem Einlauf bzw. Auslauf für den Produkteinlaß bzw. Siebabstoß, wobei die Sieblagen als Putzkasten ausgebildet und schwingfähig am Ständer gelagert sind; (c) Auffangeinrichtungen für den Siebdurchfall sowie (d) eine mittels Verstellklappen einstellbare Luftführung durch die Sieblagen über einen oberen Lufverteilraum in einen Absaugsammelkanal.The invention relates to a device for cleaning semolina, which comprises: (a) a stand with a vertical central support; (b) a plurality of sieve layers arranged one above the other, which can be set into vibration by at least one unbalance exciter, each with an inlet or outlet arranged on one end side for the product inlet or sieve rejection, the sieve layers being designed as a cleaning box and being mounted on the stand so that they can vibrate; (c) collecting devices for the sieve diarrhea and (d) an air duct which can be adjusted by means of adjusting flaps through the sieve layers via an upper air distribution space into a suction collecting duct.

Bei solchen Vorrichtungen zum Putzen von Grießen handelt es sich um Spezialmaschinen, die nahezu ausschließlich in der Getreidemüllerei verwendet werden. Mit ihnen sollen Grieße und Dunste und vereinzelt Maisgrieß aus dem der Maschine jeweils zugeführten Produkt aussortiert werden. Die Hauptfunktion dieser Maschinen besteht in einem Sortieren der Grießteile einer möglichst großen Granulationsspanne (saubere Grieße, Mischprodukte, Leichtprodukte, Spezialprodukte wie Kochgrieße o.ä., Keime usw.). Dabei soll jeweils die größtmögliche Ausbeute an sauberen Grießen erzielt werden. Schwankungen der ankommenden Leistung des Produktes sollen die Arbeitsqualität nicht negativ beeinflussen, und die jeweilige Einstellung der Maschine darf sich während des Arbeitsprozesses nicht unbeabsichtigt ändern.Such devices for cleaning semolina are special machines that are used almost exclusively in grain milling. They are used to sort out semolina and dun and occasionally maize semolina from the product fed to the machine. The main function of these machines is to sort the semolina of the largest possible granulation range (clean semolina, mixed products, light products, special products such as cooking semolina or similar, germs, etc.). The greatest possible yield of clean semolina should be achieved. Fluctuations in the incoming performance of the product should not have a negative impact on the quality of work, and the respective setting of the machine must not inadvertently change during the work process.

Nach den Prinzipien der Verfahrenstechnik wäre es denkbar, die einzelnen Komponenten durch eine Anzahl verschiedener Trennsysteme zu gewinnen, wobei hierfür als Hauptkriterien folgende Faktoren gelten: schwere Teile, Sinkgeschwindigkeit der Teile im Luftstrom sowie Größe der Gutteile.According to the principles of process engineering, it would be conceivable to obtain the individual components using a number of different separation systems, the main criteria being the following: heavy parts, sinking speed of the parts in the air flow and size of the good parts.

In anderen Zweigen der Verfahrenstechnik werden für die Aufgaben z. B. Wirbelschichten mit pulsierender Luft, Zentrifugalsichter, Tarare, Windsichter und andere Vorrichtungen eingesetzt. Es zeigte sich jedoch, daß solche Vorrichtungen sich nicht zur Verbesserung von Grießputzmaschinen eignen. Die ganz spezifischen Anforderungen für die Gewinnung von Grießen ließen sich bislang offensichtlich nur mit den schon seit langer Zeit bekannten Grießputzmaschinen einigermaßen effizient erfüllen. Es zeigte sich wieder einmal, daß, wie auf vielen anderen Gebieten der Technik, es offensichtlich besonders schwierig ist, auf dem Gebiet der Grießputzmaschinen wesentliche neue Gedanken zu erfinden und in die Praxis umzusetzen.In other branches of process engineering z. B. fluidized beds with pulsating air, centrifugal classifiers, tarars, wind classifiers and other devices are used. However, it was found that such devices are not suitable for improving semolina cleaning machines. So far, the very specific requirements for the production of semolina could obviously only be met with the semolina cleaning machines that have been known for a long time. It was shown once again that, like in many other areas of technology, it is obviously particularly difficult to invent and implement practical new ideas in the field of semolina cleaning machines.

Die bekannten Grießputzmaschinen sind sowohl in baulicher wie in funktioneller Hinsicht zwischenzeitlich so weit entwickelt worden (und haben dabei auch bestimmte Rahmenbedingungen verlangt), daß von der Fachwelt eine weitere spürbare Verbesserung, zumindest hinsichtlich des Gesamtkonzeptes, nicht mehr erwartet werden konnte.The well-known semolina cleaning machines have been developed so far in terms of both structure and function (and have also required certain framework conditions) that the experts could no longer expect a further noticeable improvement, at least with regard to the overall concept.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Putzen von Griessen gemäß der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung ist aus der US-PS 3 380 585 (SALETE) sowie aus dem BÜHLER/BÜHLER-MIAG Prospekt Nr. MU 18206 D 8303 800 LB, "Grießputzmaschine PUROSTAR/Modell MQRE" 1983 bekannt.A device for cleaning semolina according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 is known from US Pat. No. 3,380,585 (SALETE) and from BÜHLER / BÜHLER-MIAG brochure no. MU 18206 D 8303 800 LB, "Semolina cleaning machine PUROSTAR / model MQRE "1983 known.

Eine der gattungsgemäßen Grießputzmaschine ähnliche Grießputzmaschine ist ferner aus der AT-B 185 667 (GEBRÜDER BÜHLER) bekannt.A semolina cleaning machine similar to the generic semolina cleaning machine is also known from AT-B 185 667 (GEBRÜDER BÜHLER).

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Grießputzmaschine zu finden, die gegenüber bekannten Grießputzmaschinen besonders ruhig läuft, leicht gebaut und besser zugänglich ist.The invention is based on the object of finding a semolina cleaning machine which runs particularly smoothly compared to known semolina cleaning machines, is lightweight and is more accessible.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß bei der eingangs genannten gattungsgemäßen Grießputzvorrichtung die vertikale Stütze unten in einen Fuß übergeht und der Putzkasten schwingfähig nach unten am Fuß des Ständers gelagert und dort abgestützt ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that in the generic semolina cleaning device mentioned at the outset, the vertical support merges into a foot at the bottom and the cleaning box is mounted so that it can vibrate downward at the foot of the stand and is supported there.

Aus der CH-PS 631 092 (GEBRUDER BÜHLER AG) ist es an sich bekannt, Sieblagen auf einer Abstützung nach unten schwingfähig zu lagern. Hierbei handelt es sich jedoch um einen ständerlosen Plansichter, nicht um eine Grießputzmaschine.From CH-PS 631 092 (GEBRUDER BÜHLER AG) it is known per se to support sieve layers on a support so that they can vibrate downwards. However, this is a stand-alone plan sifter, not a semolina cleaning machine.

Aus der AT-B 320 397 (GEBRUDER BÜHLER AG) sind eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Trennen von Schüttgutgemischen nach der Wichte der Gutmischanteile, insbesondere ein Leichtkornausleser bekannt. Eine solche Vorrichtung weist zwar auch einen schwingenden Körper auf. Dieser dient aber nicht zum Sieben sondern zum Trennen der Produkte nach der Wichte. Siebe sind demnach zum Trennen des Gutes nicht vorhanden. Der schwingende Körper bei der bekannten Vorrichtung ruht auf der Oberfläche, genauer auf dem Kopf eines Sockels.From AT-B 320 397 (GEBRUDER BÜHLER AG) a device and a method for separating bulk material mixtures according to the weight of the mixed material components, in particular a light grain reader, are known. Such a device also has a vibrating body. This is not used for sieving but for separating the products according to the weight. Sieves are therefore not available to separate the goods. The vibrating body in the known device rests on the surface, more precisely on the head of a base.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird zunächst "freier Platz" für eine leichte Zugänglichkeit durch die Bedienungsperson oberhalb der Siebkästen geschaffen, was eine besonders einfache Sauberhaltung der Vorrichtrung selbst wie auch ihrer Umgebung zuläßt. Da bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung die schwingfähige Abstützung und Lagerung der als Putzkasten ausgebildeten Sieblagen nunmehr nach unten am Fuß des Ständers erfolgt, läßt sich ein besonders ruhiger und schwingungsfreier Lauf der gesamten Vorrichtung erzielen, nicht zuletzt deswegen, weil die oberhalb des Ständerfußes liegenden Ständerteile zur Schwingungskompensation, d.h. im Ergebnis zur Schwingungsdämpfung beitragen können. Bei herkömmlichen Maschinen, bei denen die Abstützung nach oben in Form von Aufhängungen an dem Gehäuse für die Maschine erfolgte, mußte das Gehäuse die auftretenden Schwingungen zwangsgekoppelt aufnehmen, wodurch sich ein unruhigerer Lauf ergab. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung werden demgegenüber auch viel weniger Reaktionskräfte vom Gehäuse der Vorrichtung aufzunehmen sein, weshalb sich hier erstmals die Möglichkeit gibt, für das Gehäuse eine Leichtbaukonstruktion einzusetzen, die nicht nur zu einem geringeren Gewicht der Gesamtvorrichtung führt, sondern auch eine offenere Konstruktion derselben und damit eine leichtere Zugänglichkeit zuläßt. Bei der Erfindung kann das Maschinengehäuse weitgehend frei von Schwingungen gehalten werden, da die aufzunehmenden Schwingungen des Putzkastens nach unten abgeleitet werden.The solution according to the invention initially creates "free space" for easy access by the operator above the sieve boxes, which makes it particularly easy to keep the device itself and its surroundings clean. Since in the solution according to the invention the oscillatable support and mounting of the sieve layers designed as a cleaning box now takes place downward at the foot of the stand, a particularly quiet and vibration-free running of the entire device can be achieved, not least because the stand parts above the stand base for vibration compensation , ie can contribute to vibration damping as a result. In conventional machines, in which the support was provided in the form of suspensions on the housing for the machine, the housing had to absorb the vibrations which occurred, which resulted in a more uneven running. In contrast, in the solution according to the invention, much less reaction forces are exerted by the housing of the device To be included, which is why there is the possibility here for the first time to use a lightweight construction for the housing, which not only leads to a lower weight of the overall device, but also allows a more open construction of the same and thus easier accessibility. In the invention, the machine housing can be kept largely free of vibrations, since the vibrations of the cleaning box to be absorbed are derived downwards.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Grießputzmaschine der Ständer einen Ständerkopf (11) und eine diesen mit dem Ständerfuß verbindende vertikale Mittelstütze aufweist, wobei der obere Luftverteilraum der Vorrichtung vom Ständerkopf selbst ausgebildet wird bzw. diesen ausbildet. Bevorzugt weist bei einer als Doppelmaschine ausgebildeten erfindungsgemäßen Grießputzmaschine der Ständer an seinem vorderen und seinem hinteren Ende jeweils eine Mittelstutze auf.It is particularly advantageous if, in a semolina cleaning machine according to the invention, the stand has a stand head (11) and a vertical central support connecting it to the stand base, the upper air distribution space of the device being formed by the stand head itself or forming it. In the case of a semolina cleaning machine according to the invention designed as a double machine, the stand preferably has a central support at its front and rear ends.

Es ist weiterhin bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sehr vorteilhaft, wenn der Putzkasten über ein Federsystem abgestützt ist, wodurch das ganze Schwinggebilde zwei zusätzliche Freiheitsgrade für die Schwingbewegung erhält. Bevorzugt weist dabei das Federsystem Gummihohlfedern, Stahlfedern oder ein Gummigelenksystem auf, was es ermöglicht, den Schwingungserreger fest mit dem Putzkasten zu verbinden und die Kraftwirkungsrichtung des Schwingungserregers dennoch einstellbar auszuführen. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Putzkasten in weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung als schwingfähige Bauenheit im Sinne eines Freischwingers ausgebildet, wobei er, wiederum an den beiden Endseiten schwingfähig nach unten am Ständerfuß, abgestützt werden kann. Es ist weiterhin bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Form einer Doppelmaschine von Vorteil, wenn eine gleichsinnig mit dem Putzkasten schwingende Doppelförderrinne unabhängig von diesem am Ständerfuß schwingfähig abgestützt ist. Vorteilhafterweise werden dabei der Putzkasten und die schwingende Doppelförderrinne durch einen gemeinsamen Unwuchterreger angetrieben, wobei, wiederum vorzugsweise, der Putzkasten fest mit dem Unwuchterreger verbunden und die Kraftwirkungsrichtung des Unwuchterregers einstellbar ist. Dabei kann mit Vorteil zur Vergrößerung des Schwinghubes die schwingende Doppelförderrinne über ein Hebelgelenk von der schwingfähigen Einheit angetrieben werden, indem über eine Endstütze vom Putzkasten aus die Auffangeinrichtungen durch einen Antriebshebel und eine Stütze in Schwingungen versetzbar sind, wobei die Anlenkstellen des Hebels an der Endstütze wie an der Stütze der Auffangeinrichtung zur Einstellung der Wurfweite veränderbar sind.It is also very advantageous in a device according to the invention if the cleaning box is supported by a spring system, as a result of which the entire oscillating structure is given two additional degrees of freedom for the oscillating movement. The spring system preferably has hollow rubber springs, steel springs or a rubber joint system, which makes it possible to connect the vibration exciter firmly to the cleaning box and still make the direction of action of the vibration exciter adjustable. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cleaning box is expediently designed as an oscillatable structure in the sense of a cantilever chair, whereby it can be supported, again on the two end sides, in an oscillating manner downward on the stand base. It is also advantageous in the case of a device according to the invention in the form of a double machine if a double conveyor trough vibrating in the same direction as the cleaning box is supported on the stand base so as to be capable of swinging independently of it. Advantageously, the cleaning box and the oscillating double conveyor trough are driven by a common unbalance exciter, whereby, again preferably, the cleaning box is firmly connected to the unbalance exciter and the direction of action of the unbalance exciter is adjustable. It can be advantageous to increase the swing stroke, the swinging double conveyor trough a lever joint from the vibrating unit to be driven by an end support from the cleaning box from the collecting devices can be set in motion by a drive lever and a support, the articulation points of the lever on the end support as are adjustable on the support of the fall arrester for setting the throwing distance.

Die Einstellbarkeit der Kraftwirkungsrichtung des Schwingungserregers bringt es mit sich, daß, je nach Wahl der Kraftwirkungsrichtung im Hinblick auf den Schwerpunkt der schwingenden Einheit, die Schwingungen am Anfang und am Ende des Putzkastens je nach Bedarf in Richtung und Intensität einstellbar sind. Bei der Abstützung der Auffangeinrichtung über ein schwingfähiges Hebelsystem, wie oben dargestellt, das vorzugsweise durch einen einstellbaren Antriebshebel vom Putzkasten in Schwingungen versetzbar ist, läßt sich der Schwingungsausschlag unabhängig von der Schwingbewegung des Putzkastens einstellen, obgleich derselbe Unwuchterreger zur Erzeugung der Schwingungen eingesetzt wird.The adjustability of the direction of force of the vibration exciter means that, depending on the choice of the direction of force with regard to the center of gravity of the vibrating unit, the vibrations at the beginning and at the end of the cleaning box can be adjusted in direction and intensity as required. When the fall arrester is supported by an oscillating lever system, as shown above, which can preferably be set in motion by the cleaning box by means of an adjustable drive lever, the oscillation deflection can be set independently of the oscillating movement of the cleaning box, although the same imbalance exciter is used to generate the vibrations.

Eine weitere vorzugsweise Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht auch darin, daß die Mittelstützen in der Höhe über den Putzkasten hinausragen und unten symmetrisch auf beiden Endseiten jeweils in einen Ständerfuß übergehen, und daß der Raum zwischen den beiden Ständerfüßen frei von unbeweglichen, d.h. nicht-schwingfähig montierten Bauteilen ist. Hierdurch läßt sich erreichen, daß über die Länge der gesamten Vorrichtung hinweg auch an der Innenseite derselben ein seitlicher Raum für die Luftzuführung verbleibt.Another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention also consists in the fact that the center supports protrude in height above the cleaning box and merge symmetrically into a stand foot on both end sides, and that the space between the two stand feet is free of immovable, i.e. components that cannot be vibrated. This makes it possible to leave a lateral space for the air supply over the length of the entire device, even on the inside thereof.

Bevorzugt wird zwischen dem Ständer und dem Putzkasten ein federndes Element angeordnet, wodurch die Reaktionskräfte auf die Vorrichtung, die aus den Schwingkräften resultieren, in der Vorrichtung gut aufgenommen werden können, da Ständer und Ständerkopf eine wirksame Gegenmasse zu den ansonsten schwingenden Elementen darstellen. Als eine ebenfalls vorzugsweise andere Ausführungsform kann das elastische Element zwischen Ständerfuß und Mittelstütze des Ständers angeordnet sein. Für bestimmte Einsatzfalle ist es aber auch von Vorteil, wenn elastische Elemente zwischen Mittelstütze des Ständers und Ständerkopf angebracht sind. Bevorzugt können aber auch die Mittelstützen selbst als elastische Elemente ausgebildet sein, wodurch sich ein besonders ruhiger und stabiler Betrieb der Gesamtvorrichtung erreichen läßt.Preferably, a resilient element is arranged between the stand and the cleaning box, as a result of which the reaction forces to the device, which result from the vibrating forces, can be absorbed well in the device, since the stand and stand head represent an effective countermeasure to the otherwise vibrating elements. As another preferred embodiment, the elastic element can be arranged between the stand foot and the central support of the stand. For certain applications, however, it is also advantageous if elastic elements are attached between the center support of the stand and the stand head. However, the center supports themselves can preferably also be designed as elastic elements, as a result of which particularly quiet and stable operation of the overall device can be achieved.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Abstützung der Schwingmassen nach unten, auf dem Ständerfuß, werden die Schwingkräfte direkt dorthin abgeleitet, wobei der Ständer auf seine Hauptfunktion zum Tragen der verschiedenen Elemente ausgelegt werden kann. Dadurch, daß sowohl der Vorgang des Putzens der Grieße wie auch die Einwirkung der notwendigen mechanischen Kräfte auf ihre tatsächliche Arbeitszone konzentriert erfolgen kann, läßt sich nicht nur eine gute Arbeitsqualität erhalten und die Produktleistung gegenuber herkömmlichen Grießputzmaschinen steigern, sondern auch die Lebensdauer der ganzen Vorrichtung deutlich gegenüber bekannten Maschinen erhöhen. Die Schwingkräfte können völlig von den Luftführungselementen ferngehalten werden, so daß eine einmal eingestellte Luftführung bzw. die entsprechende Stellung der Luftführungsklappen sich nicht mehr von selbst verstellen kann.By supporting the vibrating masses downwards on the stand base, the vibrating forces are derived directly there, the stand being able to be designed for its main function for carrying the various elements. Because both the process of cleaning the semolina and the action of the necessary mechanical forces can be concentrated on their actual working zone, not only can a good quality of work be obtained and the product performance increase compared to conventional semolina cleaning machines, but also the service life of the entire device significantly increase compared to known machines. The vibrating forces can be kept completely away from the air guide elements, so that once the air guide has been set or the corresponding position of the air guide flaps can no longer adjust itself.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung im Prinzip beispielshalber noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Längsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 2 den prinzipiellen Aufbau der nicht schwingenden Elemente einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 3 die Darstellung der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 2, ergänzt mit den schwingenden Elementen;
  • Fig. 4 die Abstützung des Putzkastens bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung über ein Gummigelenksystem in prinzipieller Darstellung;
  • Fig. 5 eine kombinierte Abstützung des Putzkastens bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung über Federn und einer Schwingförderrinne auf einem Hebelgelenk (in prinzipieller Darstellung), sowie
  • Fig. 6 eine prinzipielle Darstellung der variierenden Kraftübertragungsmöglichkeiten vom Putzkasten auf die Schwingförderrinne bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
The invention is explained in more detail below in principle by way of example with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal view of a device according to the invention;
  • 2 shows the basic structure of the non-vibrating elements of a device according to the invention;
  • FIG. 3 shows the device from FIG. 2, supplemented with the oscillating elements;
  • Figure 4 shows the support of the cleaning box in a device according to the invention via a rubber joint system in a basic representation.
  • Fig. 5 is a combined support of the cleaning box in a device according to the invention via springs and a vibrating conveyor trough on a lever joint (in a basic representation), and
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of the varying power transmission options from the cleaning box to the vibrating conveyor trough in a device according to the invention.

Zunächst sei auf Fig. 1 Bezug genommen, in der (wie auch in den anderen Figuren) eine sogenannte Doppelmaschine dargestellt ist, die aus zwei arbeitstechnisch vollständig getrennten Grießputzmaschinen besteht, wie dies in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Diese beiden Grießputzmaschinen sind links und rechts bezüglich einer mittleren Ständerkonstruktion getrennt angeordnet.First, reference is made to FIG. 1, in which (as in the other figures) a so-called double machine is shown, which consists of two semolina cleaning machines that are completely separate in terms of working technology, as shown in FIG. 3. These two semolina cleaning machines are arranged on the left and right with respect to a central stand construction.

In Fig. 1 erkennt man links oben einen Einlauf 1 für das der Vorrichtung zuzuführende Produkt und rechts unten Ausläufe 2 für den Siebabstoß. Des weiteren sind drei übereinander angeordnete Sieblagen vorgesehen, wobei unter diesen eine innere Auffangvorrichtung 4 sowie eine äußere Auffangvorrichtung 5 angeordnet sind (Fig. 3), in denen der Siebdurchfall gesammelt wird. Dabei weist in der Regel jede einzelne Auffangvorrichtung 4 bzw. 5 zwei Abläufe 6 bzw. 7 auf. Die Sieblagen 3 sind je zu einem Putzkasten 8 vereinigt (Fig. 3), so daß jedem Putzkasten 8 entsprechend der dargestellten Ausführungsform zwei Ausläufe 2 für den Siebabstoß sowie vier Abläufe 6 und 7 für den Siebdurchfall zugeordnet sind. Jeder Putzkasten 8 ist über eine Endstütze 12 (Fig. 1) über Schwingelemente bzw. Gummihohlfedern 13 an einem Ständerfuß 10 eines Ständers 9 schwingfähig abgestutzt. Mit der Endstütze 12 ist ein Unwuchterreger 14 fest verbunden, dessen Stoßrichtung (vgl. Pfeil 15 in Fig. 1) durch eine Verdrehung des Unmwuchterregers 14 an einer rohrförmigen Querverbindung 16 einstellbar ist. Ebenso läßt sich, was bekannt ist, die Stärke der Unwuchtkräfte durch entsprechende Einstellung der Unwuchtgewichte 17 regulieren. An der Querverbindung 16 sind zwei Unwuchterreger 14 befestigt und elektrisch so angeschlossen, daß sie gegenläufig drehen. Damit heben sich ihre seitlichen Unwuchtkomponenten auf und es entsteht eine rein lineare Längsschwingung in Richtung des Pfeiles 15. Über den Unwuchterregern 14 ist eine Abdeckung 18 angebracht, die zur baulichen Vereinfachung als Teil des schwingenden Systems ausgebildet ist.1 shows an inlet 1 at the top left for the product to be fed to the device and outlet 2 at the bottom right for the screen rejection. Furthermore, three screen layers arranged one above the other are provided, an inner collecting device 4 and an outer collecting device 5 being arranged under these (FIG. 3), in which the sieve diarrhea is collected. As a rule, each individual collecting device 4 or 5 has two processes 6 or 7. The sieve layers 3 are each combined to form a cleaning box 8 (FIG. 3), so that each cleaning box 8 is assigned two outlets 2 for the screen rejection and four outlets 6 and 7 for the screen diarrhea in accordance with the illustrated embodiment. Each cleaning box 8 is supported by an end support 12 (FIG. 1) via oscillating elements or hollow rubber springs 13 on a stand base 10 of a stand 9 so that it can vibrate. An unbalance exciter 14 is fixedly connected to the end support 12, the direction of impact (cf. arrow 15 in FIG. 1) can be adjusted by rotating the unbalance exciter 14 on a tubular cross-connection 16. Likewise, what is known can regulate the strength of the unbalance forces by appropriate adjustment of the unbalance weights 17. At the cross connection 16, two unbalance exciters 14 are attached and electrically connected so that they rotate in opposite directions. This eliminates their lateral unbalance components and there is a purely linear longitudinal vibration in the direction of arrow 15. A cover 18 is attached above the unbalance exciters 14, which is designed as part of the vibrating system for structural simplification.

Die Auffangvorrichtung 4 ist als Schwingförderrinne ausgebildet, die auf beiden Endseiten auf je einer in Gummi gelagerten Stütze 19 ruht (Fig. 1). Der Schwingantrieb der Auffangvorrichtung 4 erfolgt über einen Hebel 20, der die schwingende Endstütze 12 mit der Stütze 19 verbindet. Je nach der Höhenlage des Angriffspunktes des Hebels 20 an der Stütze 19 (diese Höhenlage ist einstellbar) kann somit der Schwinghub der Auffangvorrichtung 4 unabhängig vom Schwinghub des Putzkastens 8 gewählt bzw. eingestellt werden. Der Ständer 9 trägt direkt alle nicht-schwingenden Bauteile, wobei über dem Ständerunterteil die schwingenden Elemente gelagert sind. Der Ständer 9 weist weiterhin auf beiden Endseiten je eine vertikale Stütze 21 auf (Fig. 3), die unten über eine Erweiterung in eine Fußkonstruktion übergeht. Gemäß der Darstellung der Fig. 3 reicht die vertikale Stütze 21 ein wenig über die oberste Sieblage hinaus und trägt einen Ständerkopf 11, der im wesentlichen einen oberen Luftverteilraum 22 ausbildet. Dieser obere Luftverteilraum 22 weist eine nach oben verjüngte Form auf und ist über seine Länge durch Schotten 23 in sechzehn getrennte Luftführungskammern 24 aufgeteilt. Die Schotten 23 sind, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, bis nahe an die oberste Sieblage geführt, wobei der Abstand so gewählt ist, daß er etwas größer ist als die größte jemals sich einstellende Schichtdicke des Gutes.The collecting device 4 is designed as a vibrating conveyor trough, which rests on both end sides on a support 19 mounted in rubber (FIG. 1). The oscillation drive of the collecting device 4 takes place via a lever 20 which connects the oscillating end support 12 to the support 19. Depending on the height of the point of application of the lever 20 on the support 19 (this height can be adjusted), the swing stroke of the collecting device 4 can thus be selected or adjusted independently of the swing stroke of the cleaning box 8. The stand 9 carries all non-vibrating components directly, the vibrating elements being mounted above the lower part of the stand. The stand 9 also has a vertical support 21 on each end side (FIG. 3), which merges with an extension into a foot construction at the bottom. According to the illustration in FIG. 3, the vertical support 21 extends a little beyond the uppermost sieve layer and carries a stand head 11, which essentially forms an upper air distribution space 22. This upper air distribution space 22 has an upwardly tapered shape and is divided over its length by bulkheads 23 into sixteen separate air guiding chambers 24. The bulkheads 23, as can be seen from FIG. 1, are brought close to the uppermost sieve layer, the distance being chosen so that it is somewhat larger than the greatest layer thickness of the material that ever occurs.

Die oberen Schrägflächen des Luftverteilraumes 22 weisen über ihre ganze Länge durchsichtige Fenster 25 auf, so daß mit einer elektrischen Lichtquelle von der Außenseite der Vorrichtung her das Fließverhalten des Gutes über der obersten Sieblage 3 kontrolliert werden kann.The upper inclined surfaces of the air distribution space 22 have transparent windows 25 over their entire length, so that the flow behavior of the material over the top sieve layer 3 can be controlled with an electric light source from the outside of the device.

In Fig. 2 ist der prinzipielle Aufbau der nicht-schwingenden Elemente der Vorrichtung dargestellt ("Ständerkonstruktion"), wobei in diese Figur zwei unterschiedliche Ausführungsbeispiele eingezeichnet sind. Das eine gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel besteht darin, daß zwischen Ständerfuß 10 sowie vertikaler Stütze 21 ein elastisches bzw. federndes Element 30 zwischengeschaltet ist. Das andere Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich durch die Anordnung eines elastischen bzw. federnden Elementes 31 zwischen dem Ständerfuß 10 und dem Ständerkopf 11. Im ersten Fall stellt der Ständerfuß 21 mit dem Ständerkopf 11 zusammen eine Schwingungsdämpfmasse für die nicht-schwingenden Teile dar. Im zweiten Beispiel bildet der Ständerkopf 11 alleine die Schwingungsdämpfmasse aus. Als eine zusätzliche Ausführungsform hierzu könnte auch noch der Ständerfuß 21 in Leichtbauweise ausgeführt werden und selbst das federnde Element verkörpern.2 shows the basic structure of the non-vibrating elements of the device (“stand construction”), two different exemplary embodiments being shown in this figure. The one embodiment shown is that an elastic or resilient element 30 is interposed between the stand base 10 and the vertical support 21. The other exemplary embodiment results from the arrangement of an elastic or resilient element 31 between the stand base 10 and the stand head 11. In the first case, the stand base 21 together with the stand head 11 represents a vibration damping mass for the non-oscillating parts. In the second example it forms the stand head 11 alone from the vibration damping mass. As an additional embodiment of this, the stand foot 21 could also be of a lightweight construction and itself embody the resilient element.

Eine wieder andere, für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungform ist aus der Fig. 3 erkennbar. Zwischen dem Putzkasten 8 und den Abläufen 6 und 7 ist ein schwingfähig am Ständerfuß 10 abgestützter Boden 32 vorgesehen, der über seine Länge eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen 33 aufweist, die unten jeweils über eine Produktlängsklappe bzw. Schurre 34 (Fig. 3) auf die innere bzw. äußere Auffangvorrichtung 4 bzw. 5 ausrichtbar sind, so daß der Siebabstoß, je nach Wunsch, entweder in die eine oder in die andere Auffangvorrichtung unterhalb der Sieblagen 3 abgeleitet werden kann. Bevorzugt wird die Anzahl der Produktlängsklappen 34 etwa gleich groß der entsprechenden Anzahl der Luftführungskammern 24 gewählt.Another embodiment, which is particularly advantageous for certain applications, can be seen from FIG. 3. Between the cleaning box 8 and the drains 6 and 7, a base 32 which is supported on the stand 10 and which can swing is provided, which has a plurality of depressions 33 along its length, each of which has a longitudinal product flap or chute 34 (FIG. 3) on the inside or the outer collecting device 4 or 5 can be aligned so that the screen rejection, depending on the request, can be derived either into one or into the other collecting device below the sieve layers 3. The number of product longitudinal flaps 34 is preferably selected to be approximately the same size as the corresponding number of air guiding chambers 24.

Aus Fig. 3 erkennt man weiterhin, daß die Arbeitsluft über beidseitig vorgesehene Luftansaugspalte 35 strömt. Diese Maßnahmen bringen verschiedene Vorteile: zum einen verläuft die Führung der Luftströmung völlig getrennt von der Produktabführung, die unterhalb des Bodens 32 stattfindet, wo keine Luftströmung mehr vorhanden ist. Zum anderen bewirkt die seitlich einströmende Luft, daß der auf den Boden 32 abfallende Produktstrom in Richtung auf die Mitte des Bodens, wo die Schurre 34 angeordnet ist, abgelenkt wird, sich somit nach innen hin "konzentriert". Ein noch weiterer Vorteil besteht auch darin, daß der Produktfluß durch die Schurre 34 auf die innere der schwingenden Auffangvorrichtungen 4 bzw. 5 gelenkt und über Abläufe abgeleitet wird. Zudem bringt der Produktfluß einen gewissen Selbstreinigungseffekt in der Vorrichtung: beim Stand der Technik sind nämlich die Umstellklappen direkt auf der Auffangvorrichtung 4 bzw. 5 angebracht, wodurch eine Hälfte der betreffenden Auffangvorrichtung andauernd zugedeckt wird, was dazu führt, daß sich unter ihr abgesperrte Schmutzecken ausbilden können, was wiederum bei der Erfindung nicht auftreten kann, da dort diese Abdeckung entfällt. Noch ein weiterer merklicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht auch darin, daß der Siebdurchfall sehr exakt in die gewünschten Fraktionen aufgeteilt werden kann, weil störende Luftströmungen in Längsrichtung so gut wie ausgeschaltet sind.From Fig. 3 it can also be seen that the working air flows over air intake gaps 35 provided on both sides. These measures bring various advantages: on the one hand, the guidance of the air flow is completely separate from the product discharge, which takes place below the floor 32, where there is no longer any air flow. On the other hand, the air flowing in from the side causes the product stream falling onto the bottom 32 to be deflected towards the center of the bottom, where the chute 34 is arranged, thus “concentrating” towards the inside. A still further advantage is also that the product flow is directed through the chute 34 to the interior of the vibrating collecting devices 4 and 5 and is derived via processes. In addition, the product flow brings a certain self-cleaning effect in the device: in the prior art, the changeover flaps are mounted directly on the collecting device 4 or 5, whereby a half of the collecting device in question is covered continuously, which leads to the formation of sealed-off dirt corners beneath it can, which in turn can not occur in the invention, since there is no cover there. Yet another noticeable advantage of the device according to the invention is that the sieve diarrhea can be divided very precisely into the desired fractions, because disturbing air flows in the longitudinal direction are virtually eliminated.

Bei der Inbetriebnahme der gezeigten Grießputzmaschine wird der Vibrator eingeschaltet, so daß der Putzkasten 8, der Boden 32 und die Auffangvorrichtungen 4 und 5 die vorgewählte Schwingbewegung in Längsrichtung der Vorrichtung durchführen. Ebenso wird die ganze Vorrichtung über einen Absaugsammelkanal 27 bzw. eine damit verbundene Aspiration in leichten Unterdruck versetzt. Je nach Trennaufgabe werden alle Schieber und Klappen provisorisch eingestellt, wonach das Produkt in den Einlauf 1 eingespeist werden kann. Das Produkt fällt sofort auf die oberste Sieblage 3. Durch die Schüttelbewegung, die dem Gut aufgeprägt wird, sowie durch die bewußt vom Einlauf 1 zum Auslauf 2 schräg nach unten geneigten Sieblagen und durch die Luftströmung durch die Sieblagen 3 verhält sich das Produkt flüssigkeitsähnlich (fluidisiert). Die zentrale Aufgabe der Grießputzmschine liegt im eigentlichen Siebvorgang. Also darf die Luftströmung nicht so stark eingestellt werden, daß die ganze Produktschicht von den Sieblagen abgehoben werden könnte. Vielmehr dient die Luft in erster Linie der Funktion, das Produkt aufzulockern und gleichmäßig über die ganze Fläche zu verteilen.When the semolina cleaning machine shown is started up, the vibrator is switched on, so that the cleaning box 8, the bottom 32 and the collecting devices 4 and 5 carry out the preselected oscillating movement in the longitudinal direction of the device. Likewise, the entire device is placed in a slight negative pressure via a suction collection channel 27 or an aspiration associated therewith. Depending on the separation task, all slides and flaps are provisionally adjusted, after which the product can be fed into inlet 1. The product immediately falls on the top sieve layer 3. Due to the shaking movement which is imprinted on the material, as well as through the sieve layers which are deliberately inclined downwards from the inlet 1 to the outlet 2 and the air flow through the sieve layers 3, the product behaves like a liquid (fluidized ). The central task of the semolina cleaning machine lies in the actual sieving process. So the air flow must not be adjusted so much that the entire product layer could be lifted off the sieve layers. Rather, the air primarily serves the function of loosening up the product and distributing it evenly over the entire surface.

Je nach Aufgabenstellung wird gefordert, daß das Produkt in grobe, mittlere und feine Grieße oder in Kochgrieße und mittlere Grieße usw. fraktioniert werden soll. Im zweiten Fall können z. B. die ersten sechs Schurren in die Auffangvorrichtung 4, die nachfolgenden elf Schurren in die Auffangvorrichtung 5 gerichtet werden. In diesem Fall handelt es sich bei den beiden Siebdurchgängen um Fertigprodukte, die zu den entsprechenden Lagerzellen bzw. zu den Verbrauchern abgegeben werden können. Die Siebabstöße bei den Ausläufen werden teilweise einer nochmaligen Vermahlung oder Zerkleinerung zugeführt und gelangen dann auf eine zweite entsprechend eingestellten Grießputzmaschine.Depending on the task, it is required that the product should be fractionated into coarse, medium and fine size or into cooking size and medium size etc. In the second case, e.g. B. the first six chutes in the collecting device 4, the subsequent eleven chutes are directed into the collecting device 5. In this case, the two sieve passes are finished products that can be delivered to the corresponding storage cells or to the consumers. The screen rejects at the outlets are partially regrinded or crushed and then transferred to a second, appropriately set, semolina cleaning machine.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, können von jeder Auffangvorrichtung 4 bzw. 5 je zwei verschiedene Abläufe 6 bzw. 7 gewählt werden, so daß von jedem Putzkasten 8 vier verschiedene Fraktionen separiert werden können.As can be seen from FIG. 1, two different processes 6 and 7 can be selected from each collecting device 4 or 5, so that four different fractions can be separated from each cleaning box 8.

In Fig. 4 ist die Abstützung der schwingenden Einheit auf einem Federsystem 40 dargestellt, das von einem Gummigelenk 43 verkörpert wird.In Fig. 4 the support of the vibrating unit is shown on a spring system 40, which is embodied by a rubber joint 43.

Der Unwuchterreger 14 kann, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, um die querlaufende Achse 16 verdreht werden, so daß wahlweise die Kraftwirkungsrichtung 41 einstellbar ist, wie dies der Pfeil 41' andeutet. Geht die Kraftwirkungsrichtung durch den Schwerpunkt "S" der schwingenden Einheit (vgl. Fig. 4), so wird in der Regel eine gleichmäßige Schwingung des ganzen Siebstapels erzielt. Verläuft die Kraftwirkungsrichtung 41 jedoch nicht durch den Schwerpunkt "S", so kann - je nach besonderen Anforderungen - im Bereich des Einlaufes 1 eine tatsächliche Schwingung entsprechend dem Winkel a und beim Auslauf 2 entsprechend dem Winkel β eingestellt werden.The unbalance exciter 14 can, as can be seen in FIG. 1, be rotated about the transverse axis 16, so that the direction of force 41 can optionally be set, as indicated by the arrow 41 '. If the direction of the force action passes through the center of gravity "S" of the vibrating unit (cf. FIG. 4), a uniform vibration of the entire stack of sieves is generally achieved. However, if the direction of force 41 does not run through the center of gravity "S", then - depending on the particular requirements - an actual vibration can be set in the area of the inlet 1 in accordance with the angle a and in the outlet 2 in accordance with the angle β.

Die Fig. 5 und 6 stellen ein weiteres ganz besonders vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel im Prinzip dar: Der Putzkasten 8 ist hier als eigentlicher Freischwinger auf einem Federsystem 40 bzw. einer Stahlfeder 42 schwingfähig gelagert. Der bezüglich der Kraftwirkungsrichtung einstellbare Unwuchtvibrator 14 ist an der Endstütze 12 befestigt und bringt durch den Einsatz zweier gegenläufig schwingender Vibratoren eine im wesentlichen rein lineare Schwingbewegung sinngemäß den Darstellungen aus Fig. 4 bzw. 1. Die Auffangvorrichtung 4, 5 ist unabhängig vom Putzkasten 8 auf einer Stütze 19 schwingfähig gelagert. Über einen Hebel 20 ist die Endstütze 12 mit der Stütze 19 verbunden, so daß die Schwingungen der quer über das Federsystem 40 schwingfähig abgesstützten Einheit über den Hebel 20 auf die Auffangvorrichtung 4, 5 übertragen werden können. Dabei läßt sich der Hebel 20 in verschiedenen Höhenlagen x1, x2,... x6 an der Stütze 19 befestigen (vgl. Fig. 6). Hierdurch wird die Möglichkeit geschaffen, ausgehend vom Antrieb des Unwuchtvibrators 14 über einen entsprechend gewählten und einstellbaren Hebelweg verschieden große seitliche Schwingungsausschläge der Auffangvorrichtung 4, 5 auszulösen bzw. ihr aufzuzwingen, wodurch man ein überraschend einfach aufgebautes Schwinggebilde erhält. Der Siebstapel führt für die Aufgabe "Siebung" eine kurzhubige Schwingung durch, während die Auffangvorrichtung entsprechend der Funktion einer Schwingförderrinne eine langhubige Schwing-Wurfbewegung ausführt, die durch die richtige Anlenkung des Hebels 20 an der Stütze 19 unterstützt wird. Das Arbeitsergebnis dieses kombinierten Freischwingers-Hebelschwingers hat sich als überraschend gut erwiesen.5 and 6 represent another very particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment in principle: here the cleaning box 8 is mounted as an actual cantilever on a spring system 40 or a steel spring 42 so that it can vibrate. The unbalance vibrator 14, which is adjustable with respect to the direction of the force action, is fastened to the end support 12 and, by using two vibrators rotating in opposite directions, brings about an essentially purely linear oscillating movement in a manner analogous to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 1. The collecting device 4, 5 is independent of the cleaning box 8 a support 19 mounted to vibrate. The end support 12 is connected to the support 19 via a lever 20, so that the Vibrations of the unit which is supported so that it can oscillate transversely via the spring system 40 can be transmitted via the lever 20 to the collecting device 4, 5. The lever 20 can be attached to the support 19 at different heights x1, x2, ... x6 (cf. FIG. 6). This creates the possibility, starting from the drive of the unbalance vibrator 14 via a correspondingly selected and adjustable lever path, to trigger or force different lateral oscillation deflections of the collecting device 4, 5, thereby obtaining a surprisingly simple oscillating structure. The sieve stack performs a short-stroke oscillation for the "sieving" task, while the collecting device carries out a long-stroke oscillating throwing movement in accordance with the function of an oscillating conveyor trough, which is supported by the correct articulation of the lever 20 on the support 19. The work result of this combined cantilever lever arm has proven to be surprisingly good.

Claims (11)

1. Apparatus for the cleaning of grits which has:
a) a stand (9) with a vertical support (21),
b) several screening layers (3) which are arranged above one another and which can be made to vibrate by means of at least one unbalanced exciter (14), each with an inflow (1) and outflow (2) arranged on the respective end face and intended for the product inlet and screen ejection respectively, the screening layers (3) being designed as cleaning boxes (8) and being mounted vibrationally on the stand (9),
c) collecting devices (4, 5) for the throughs of the screenings, and
d) an air guide, adjustable by means of adjusting flaps, through the screening layers (3) into a suction-extraction collecting conduit (27) via an upper air distribution space (22), characterized in that
e) the vertical support (21) merges at the bottom in to a foot (10), and
f) the cleaning box (8) is mounted vibrationally downwards on the foot (10) of the stand (9) and is supported there.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stand (9) has a stand
head (11) and a vertical middle support (21) connecting the stand head (11) to the stand foot (10), the upper air distribution space (22) forming the stand head (11).
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, in the form of a twin machine, characterized in that the stand (9) has a middle support (21) on each of the two end faces of the apparatus.
4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cleaning box (8) is supported via springs (40).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the springs (40) are designed as hollow rubber springs (13), steel springs (42) or rubber joints (43).
6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cleaning box (8) is connected firmly to the unbalanced exciter (14), of which the direction of force effect (41) is adjustable.
7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the collecting devices (4, 5) can be made to vibrate from the cleaning box (8), via an end support (12), by means of a drive lever (20) and a support (19), the points of articulation of the lever (20) being variable for the adjustment of the throw range.
8. Apparatus according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the middle supports (21) project beyond the cleaning box (8) in terms of height and at the bottom each merge symmetrically on both end faces into a stand foot (10), and in that the space between the two stand feet (10) is free of non-vibrationally mounted components.
9. Apparatus according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that a double conveyor trough (4, 5) vibrating in the same direction as the cleaning box (8) is supported on the stand foot (10) independently of the cleaning box (8).
10. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cleaning box (8) is designed as a freely vibrating structure.
EP85101898A 1984-03-22 1985-02-21 Device for cleaning semolina Expired EP0155527B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT85101898T ATE36817T1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-21 DEVICE FOR CLEANING SEATS.

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DE3410573 1984-03-22
DE3410573A DE3410573C2 (en) 1984-03-22 1984-03-22 Device for cleaning semolina

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EP0155527A2 EP0155527A2 (en) 1985-09-25
EP0155527A3 EP0155527A3 (en) 1986-02-05
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EP85101898A Expired EP0155527B1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-21 Device for cleaning semolina
EP85101992A Expired EP0155537B1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-22 Device for cleaning semolina
EP85102170A Expired - Lifetime EP0155556B1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-27 Air suction device for a sifting or sorting apparatus

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EP85101992A Expired EP0155537B1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-22 Device for cleaning semolina
EP85102170A Expired - Lifetime EP0155556B1 (en) 1984-03-22 1985-02-27 Air suction device for a sifting or sorting apparatus

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US (2) US4636305A (en)
EP (3) EP0155527B1 (en)
JP (3) JPS60220175A (en)
KR (1) KR890004600B1 (en)
AT (3) ATE36817T1 (en)
DE (4) DE3410573C2 (en)
ES (1) ES8606797A1 (en)
SU (1) SU1477238A3 (en)

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DE3410573A1 (en) 1985-10-03
EP0155537A2 (en) 1985-09-25
JPS60216872A (en) 1985-10-30
ES8606797A1 (en) 1986-05-16
JPH0113917B2 (en) 1989-03-08
DE3564659D1 (en) 1988-10-06
EP0155556A2 (en) 1985-09-25
JPH0113916B2 (en) 1989-03-08
US4636305A (en) 1987-01-13
JPS60255181A (en) 1985-12-16
KR850006866A (en) 1985-10-21
DE3560153D1 (en) 1987-06-11
SU1477238A3 (en) 1989-04-30
EP0155527A2 (en) 1985-09-25
DE3410573C2 (en) 1986-03-13
US4806235A (en) 1989-02-21
EP0155527A3 (en) 1986-02-05
JPS60220175A (en) 1985-11-02
ATE36817T1 (en) 1988-09-15
JPH0122827B2 (en) 1989-04-27
KR890004600B1 (en) 1989-11-20
EP0155537B1 (en) 1987-05-06
EP0155537A3 (en) 1986-02-05
ATE26932T1 (en) 1987-05-15
EP0155556A3 (en) 1987-06-24
ATE56158T1 (en) 1990-09-15
ES541472A0 (en) 1986-05-16
DE3579482D1 (en) 1990-10-11
EP0155556B1 (en) 1990-09-05

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