EP0152576B1 - Procédé et appareil pour séchage de placages de lame - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour séchage de placages de lame Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0152576B1
EP0152576B1 EP84115044A EP84115044A EP0152576B1 EP 0152576 B1 EP0152576 B1 EP 0152576B1 EP 84115044 A EP84115044 A EP 84115044A EP 84115044 A EP84115044 A EP 84115044A EP 0152576 B1 EP0152576 B1 EP 0152576B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
veneer
dryer according
veneers
veneer dryer
rollers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84115044A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0152576A3 (en
EP0152576A2 (fr
EP0152576B2 (fr
Inventor
Ingo Dr. Grebe
Walter Münch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Babcock BSH AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Babcock BSH AG filed Critical Babcock BSH AG
Publication of EP0152576A2 publication Critical patent/EP0152576A2/fr
Publication of EP0152576A3 publication Critical patent/EP0152576A3/de
Publication of EP0152576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0152576B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/06—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path
    • F26B13/08—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path using rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for drying sliced veneers according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a veneer dryer according to the preamble of patent claim 3.
  • roller dryers In roller dryers, a higher baling pressure - and thus a better smoothing effect - can be achieved by passing the veneer between rollers arranged one above the other, which also promote it.
  • roller dryers have disadvantages that have a particularly serious effect on thin, sensitive and high-quality sliced veneers: the veneer requires a certain degree of rigidity so that it can be conveyed from pair of rollers to pair of rollers. This is not the case with thin and / or too wet veneers.
  • the veneers are firmly clamped between the pairs of rolls. Since the veneers shrink up to 12% during the drying process, this leads to tensions, which in particular destroy thin veneers.
  • the veneer With belt dryers, the veneer can shrink between the belts, thus avoiding cracks. At the same time, guiding thin, wet veneers between tapes is easy. The disadvantage remains that the weight of the cover tape is not sufficient to smooth the veneer satisfactorily. Thin sliced veneers are therefore often dried in belt dryers and then additionally smoothed in a smoothing press in order to remove the waves that occurred during drying.
  • DE-A-1 604 922 describes a veneer dryer with two conveyor belts guided over deflection rollers, between which the veneers are held. With the two deflection rollers, the conveyor section is distributed over three floors to reduce the length of the dryer. They are located outside the drying zones, in which hot air is blown onto the straight conveyor belts.
  • An embodiment is mentioned in which the conveyor belts in the area intended for receiving the veneers are guided in a wave shape in part by means of deflection rollers.
  • a paper dryer is known from US-A-3 956 832, in which an endless paper web is guided in a serpentine manner around rollers, with a straight line running between two rollers. When deflecting around the rollers, hot air is blown up from the outside, which is sucked through the paper web into the interior of the rollers. On the way from one roll to the next, the paper web is guided between two felt belts, of which the outer belt in each case is guided away from the paper web so that the hot air hits the paper directly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for drying sliced veneers, in which the sliced veneers are dried with significantly improved quality. Another object is to provide a veneer dryer for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • the first object is achieved by the characterizing features of patent claim 1. These features ensure that each veneer sheet between the deflection devices is freed from the pressing pressure and thus released. This allows the veneer sheets to shrink freely between the ribbons and prevents cracks from occurring.
  • Claim 3 solves the second problem.
  • the differential speed according to claim 2 reduces the occurrence of cracks.
  • the dependent claims 4-16 contain preferred embodiments of a veneer dryer according to the invention. Their features, individually and in combination, improve the veneer quality, operational safety and costs and / or the construction of the veneer dryer.
  • the side of the veneer sheet lying against the deflection devices is also dried during circulation. This prevents thermal tension and the curling of the veneer sheet (curling effect).
  • the feature of claim 6 ensures free shrinking without the veneer slipping.
  • Veneers that have been dried with the veneer dryers according to claims 7 and 8 have a particularly good quality, whereby in the embodiment according to claim 8, the performance is increased inexpensively.
  • the claims 4, 15 and 16 contain structurally particularly advantageous embodiments.
  • claim 12 shows a simple construction for heating the surface of the rollers.
  • the embodiment according to claim 13 is particularly advantageous because not only the bottoms of the drum are saved by the external storage, but also the fixed heating system inside the drum is much easier to install and to supply.
  • the feature of claim 14 additionally enables the drum surface facing side of the veneer sheet to be directly loaded with drying medium during the circulation.
  • the veneer dryer according to the invention consists of a sealed drying chamber 1, which is constructed in a modular manner from several fields 1.1-1.9. The number of fields varies depending on the operational use. At the dryer entrance there is an inlet field 2, and a transfer field 3 connects to the last dryer field 1.9. The transfer field 3 is connected to a cooling field 4 via a conveyor system 5, followed by a collecting device, not shown.
  • Each dryer field 1.1-1.9 has a circulating air fan 6 and a heat exchanger, not shown, with controllable heating medium supply; Heating medium is e.g. B. hot water, steam, etc. Furthermore, on the drying chamber 1 there is an exhaust air chimney 7, which is connected to the interior of the chamber via a controllable butterfly valve 8. With these devices, the required dry climate can be established in each field 1.1-1.9.
  • the conveyor system for the veneers through the drying chamber 1 is a belt conveyor which consists of two endless belts 9.1, 9.2.
  • Coming from the field 1.5 in a horizontal direction lay down on the roller 10.1 at the bottom and wrap it around an arc of around 60 °. This is followed by a straight, obliquely upward free path, the length of which is denoted by b and, in a practical exemplary embodiment, is approximately 50 cm.
  • roller 10.2 On the upper part of the roller 10.2, the two belts 9.1 and 9.2 run through an arc of approximately 120 °, which corresponds to a distance of around 90 cm for the roller diameter selected.
  • Behind the roller 10.2 is again a straight line of length b, which is directed obliquely downwards and is tangential to both the roller 10.2 and the adjacent roller 10.3.
  • the roller 10.3 is also wrapped in an arc of approximately 120 ° at the bottom. Accordingly, in the further course, the rollers 10.4 to 10.8 are wrapped alternately at the top and bottom, the carrier tape 9.2 and the cover tape 9.1 alternately resting on the surface of the respective roller.
  • the belts run obliquely downwards from the last roller 10.8 to the deflection rollers 13.1 and 13.2.
  • the conveying path is zigzag, for example like a rounded sawtooth curve or similar to a sine curve.
  • the length of the entire conveyor line in the dryer is slightly more than 20 m in the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • the proportion of the straight conveyor section in front of the first roller 10.1 is about 10 m, d. H. almost 50% of the total distance.
  • the curved conveying sections add up to just under 7 m of track length. H. around 30% of the entire conveyor line and around 60% of the conveyor line in this area.
  • Embodiments are also possible in which deflection devices are arranged along the entire conveying path. Then the share of the diverted conveyor section increases to over 40%. A proportion of 50-70% has been shown to be favorable in these forms.
  • each belt 9.1, 9.2 is deflected away from one another by deflection rollers 13.1, 13.2 and, supported on rollers 14.1, 14.2, are returned to the dryer entrance.
  • deflection rollers 15.1, 15.2 they are part of the inlet field 2, in which each belt 9.1, 9.2 also passes through a tensioning device 16.1, 16.2, with which the tensile stress acting on it can be adjusted.
  • the tensioning device 16 consists of a deflection roller, the position of which is hydraulic table can be changed.
  • the straps 9.1, 9.2 are made of non-stretchable material. It is entirely possible that they have a certain elasticity if it is ensured that they are able to produce the desired pressing pressure during the deflection by means of a sufficiently high tensile stress. They have openings for the drying medium - hot air in the present examples - they are as small as possible so that the largest possible contact surface on the veneer is available. Furthermore, the tapes are designed so that they can slide back and forth on the veneer without creating markings. Flat spiral wire mesh tapes and spiral tapes made from round wire have proven themselves in practice.
  • the belts 9.1, 9.2 are driven by the rollers 10 or drums 11, which are connected to the drive 12.
  • a differential speed of 2% is set between the belts 9.1, 9.2.
  • the rollers 10 or drums 11 are all of the same size, their number varies depending on the operational use; in the present exemplary embodiments, there are eight each.
  • the arrangement takes place one after the other, the axes of rotation lying in a horizontal plane.
  • Two rollers 10 or drums 11 are located in one field.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 have different drive systems: pins are fastened to the end faces of the rollers 10 and are rotatably mounted in a stand. Every second roller 10.2, 10.4, 10.6, 10.8 - they are each rotated on the upper side by the belts 9.1, 9.2 - is driven by a common chain 17 engaging the pin (FIG. 3).
  • the drums 11 rest on partially driven rollers 18, the drums 11.1, 11.3 etc., which are covered by the belts 9.1, 9.2 on their underside, being supported on their upper side by additional rollers 19.
  • the rollers 18, 19 roll on races, not shown, which are attached to the drum ends.
  • braking devices with which both the belt tension and the differential speed between the belts 9.1, 9.2 can be regulated by braking.
  • two rollers 10.3, 10.5 have such braking devices in the form of disc brakes 20.1, 20.2.
  • the belts 9.1, 9.2 run in a straight line for a piece b during their mutual mutual rotation around the rollers 10 or drums 11 on the transition path from one roller 10 or drum 11 to the next.
  • This distance b must be at least half of the maximum veneer width, in the present example it is 500 mm with a 1,000 mm maximum veneer width. This is achieved in that two successive rollers 10 or drums 11 in the transport direction do not directly adjoin one another, but are arranged at a certain distance from one another.
  • the drying chamber 1 there are nozzle boxes 21 along the conveying path of the veneer, from which hot air is blown essentially vertically onto both sides of the veneer.
  • the nozzle boxes 21 are arranged in the fields 1.6-1.9 both above and below the rollers 10 along an arc of a circle.
  • the nozzle boxes 21 are fixedly mounted inside the drums 11.
  • the drums 11 have no bottoms, and their walls are also provided with holes. Therefore, the hot air can be blown with the inner nozzle boxes 21 through the drum walls and the inner conveyor belt on the veneers.
  • Other heating systems can also be installed inside the drums 11, e.g. B. oil or gas burners with which the drums are heated directly.
  • the conveying path of the veneers runs straight through the first fields 1.1-1.5.
  • the nozzle boxes are arranged next to each other on both sides of the conveyor line to achieve a high drying performance. This configuration of the dryer enables its overall performance to be increased cost-effectively without the veneer quality being significantly impaired.
  • the sliced veneers are introduced individually into the veneer dryer via the inlet field 2. As they pass, they lie between the carrier and cover tape, the weight of the cover tape ensuring a certain smoothing effect.
  • the weight of the cover tape and the difference in speed between the carrier and cover tape are dimensioned so that the veneers are not prevented from shrinking during drying.
  • the veneers When passing through the fields 1.1-1.5, the veneers are subjected to hot air from the nozzle boxes 21 and thus pre-dried - ideally up to the fiber saturation point.
  • the veneers are guided on a loop-shaped path through the remaining dryer.
  • the forced guidance along an arcuate path creates a radial pressing pressure that presses vertically on the veneer surface: the outer belt (in the first roller 10.1 or first drum 11.1, the lower belt 9.2) presses the veneer against the inner belt, which in turn lies on the roller 10.1 or drum 11.1.
  • the veneer is smoothed by the high pressure, free shrinking is not possible in this phase due to the high pressure.
  • the tapes 9.1, 9.2 are designed so that no marks appear on the veneer ten.
  • the contact pressure can be adjusted according to the respective requirements with the tensioning devices 16.1, 16.2 via the tension of the belts 9.1, 9.2.
  • the differential speed between the belts 9.1, 9.2 and the distribution of the tension in the dryer can be adjusted with the help of the braking devices 20.1, 20.2.
  • the belts 9.1, 9.2 in the transition piece between two rollers 10 or drums 11 each run straight for a distance b.
  • no contact pressure occurs - with the exception of the pressure due to the component of the shroud weight perpendicular to the conveyor track; the veneer can shrink freely.
  • the component of the weight perpendicular to the conveyor track can be varied via the angle of inclination of the conveyor track to the horizontal; in the present example it is approximately 60 degrees. It has been shown that because of the tendency of the veneer sheets to contract, this angle cannot be increased arbitrarily.
  • the minimum distance for the straight course ensures that each fiber of a veneer sheet can shrink freely at least for a moment, thus preventing cracks between adjacent fibers.
  • the rollers 10 or drums 11 are rotated alternately at the top and bottom with an alternating sense of rotation.
  • This guide exposes both sides of a veneer sheet to the same treatment.
  • this type of rotation produces a periodic back and forth movement of the belts 9.1, 9.2 against one another, since the respective outer belt remains as a function of the different rotation radii.
  • This movement of the belts 9.1, 9.2 smoothes the veneers.
  • the strength of the relative movement against each other can u. a. influence by the thickness of the conveyor belts 9.1, 9.2, since their amount depends on the different orbital radii, and thus on the belt thickness.
  • the smoothing is supported by the difference in speed between the two belts 9.1, 9.2, which can be influenced by the braking devices 20.1, 20.2.
  • rollers 10 are also blown with hot air from nozzle boxes 21 on the side opposite the circulation and so heated. They emit this heat through radiation to the inside of the veneer.
  • the inside of the veneer is blown directly through the perforated drum wall.
  • the nozzle boxes 21 mounted in the drums 11 precise metering and guidance of the hot air flow is possible.
  • the veneers leave the drying chamber 1 via the transfer field 2, from where they are conveyed into the cooling field 6 by the conveyor system 5. There they are cooled and then collected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Procédé de séchage des feuilles de placage, dans lequel on fait changer de direction en lacet au moins quatre fois les placages entre deux bandes transporteuses (9.1, 9.2), procédé caractérisé en ce que, entre deux changements de direction, on fait parcourir aux placages un trajet rectiligne dont la longueur est égale à au moins la moitié de la largeur maximale des feuilles de placage.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe entre les deux bandes transporteuses (9.1, 9.2) une différence de vitesses comprise entre 1 % et 12 % et avantageusement entre 2 % et 5 %.
3. Séchoir pour feuilles de placage, comportant deux bandes convoyeuses (9.1, 9.2) superposées qui passent ensemble en lacet sur au moins quatre éléments déviateurs (10, 11) à l'intérieur d'une chambre (1) de séchage, 40 % au moins de leur parcours se déroulant avec changement de direction dans la partie (1.6-1.9) de cette chambre (1) de séchage équipée de ces éléments déviateurs (10, 11), séchoir caractérisé en ce que entre deux éléments déviateurs (10, 11), les bandes transporteuses (9.1, 9.2) parcourent en ligne droite un trajet dont la longueur est déterminée de façon qu'un placage guidé sur ce trajet puisse se contracter librement.
4. Séchoir pour placages selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins quatre, avantageusement six à douze éléments déviateurs en forme de cylindres (10), de tambours (11) ou de rouleaux le long du parcours.
5. Séchoir pour placages selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments déviateurs (10, 11) sont chauffés.
6. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications-3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, entre deux éléments déviateurs (10, 11) les bandes transporteuses (9.1, 9.2) sont inclinées sur l'horizontale de 30 à 75°, avantageusement de 60° environ.
7. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que des dispositifs déviateurs (10, 11) sont disposés sur toute la longueur du parcours, la proportion de la partie de ce parcours soumise à des changements de direction étant comprise entre 50 et 70 %.
8. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'avant le premier élément déviateur (10, 11), le parcours de guidage comporte une partie rectiligne, dont la longueur est au moins égale à 20 % et est avantageusement comprise entre 35 et 55 % de la totalité de ce parcours.
9. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif (20) pour freiner au moins un cylindre (10), un tambour (11) ou un rouleau. '
10. Séchoir pour placages selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux dispositifs (20.1, 20.2) de freinage, qui agissent chaque fois sur des cylindres (10), tambours (11) ou rouleaux tournant dans le même sens.
11. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des boîtes (21) à éjecteurs, destinées à projeter sensiblement perpendiculairement un fluide de séchage sur les placages qui traversent le séchoir.
12. Séchoir pour placages selon la revendication 11, comportant comme éléments déviateurs des cylindres (10) ou tambours (11), caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des boîtes (21) à éjecteurs, destinées à projeter un fluide de séchage sur le côté des cylindres (10) ou tambours (11) qui fait face aux bandes transporteuses (9).
13. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'un au moins des éléments déviateurs est un tambour (11) tournant sur des galets extérieurs (18, 19) et à l'intérieur duquel est monté un système de chauffage (21) fixe.
14. Séchoir pour placages selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un tambour (11) percé de trous, à l'intérieur duquel sont montées fixes des boîtes (21) à éjecteurs, destinées à souffler sur les placages.
15. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 4 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les axes de rotation des cylindres (10), tambours (11) ou rouleaux se trouvent dans un plan horizontal.
16. Séchoir pour placages selon l'une des revendications 4 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il est modulaire et composé de compartiments (1.1-1.9) disposés l'un derrière l'autre et qui sont au moins en partie équipés chacun de deux cylindres (10), tambours (11) ou rouleaux.
EP84115044A 1984-01-17 1984-12-10 Procédé et appareil pour séchage de placages de lame Expired - Lifetime EP0152576B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3405754 1984-01-17
DE3405754A DE3405754A1 (de) 1984-02-17 1984-02-17 Furniertrockner fuer messerfurniere

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0152576A2 EP0152576A2 (fr) 1985-08-28
EP0152576A3 EP0152576A3 (en) 1985-11-13
EP0152576B1 true EP0152576B1 (fr) 1988-03-02
EP0152576B2 EP0152576B2 (fr) 1993-10-27

Family

ID=6228041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84115044A Expired - Lifetime EP0152576B2 (fr) 1984-01-17 1984-12-10 Procédé et appareil pour séchage de placages de lame

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4654981A (fr)
EP (1) EP0152576B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3405754A1 (fr)

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CN108613526A (zh) * 2016-06-25 2018-10-02 宁波恒进自动化技术有限公司 一种气浮法与摆动法结合的自动化可升降装置
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DE102020004455A1 (de) 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 Grenzebach Bsh Gmbh Trockner zum Trocknen von Furnierplatten

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FR2341442A1 (fr) * 1976-02-19 1977-09-16 Lemaire & Cie Perfectionnement aux calandres pour le traitement thermique de produits de faible epaisseur
US4297794A (en) * 1977-08-02 1981-11-03 Ingersoll-Rand Company Paper sheet dryer
US4473099A (en) * 1979-08-20 1984-09-25 Masaru Koike Method and apparatus for drying veneer sheet
DE3030272C2 (de) * 1980-08-09 1982-09-16 Babcock-BSH AG vormals Büttner-Schilde-Haas AG, 4150 Krefeld Anlage zum Trocknen von Furnieren

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4213690A1 (de) * 1992-04-25 1993-10-28 Babcock Bsh Ag Anwendung eines Verfahrens zur Verminderung der Rauhigkeit von Holzoberflächen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0152576A3 (en) 1985-11-13
EP0152576A2 (fr) 1985-08-28
DE3405754A1 (de) 1985-08-22
DE3469590D1 (en) 1988-04-07
US4654981A (en) 1987-04-07
EP0152576B2 (fr) 1993-10-27

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