EP0151943B1 - Fuel injection device with injection timing control for air-compressing, self-igniting engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection device with injection timing control for air-compressing, self-igniting engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0151943B1
EP0151943B1 EP85100356A EP85100356A EP0151943B1 EP 0151943 B1 EP0151943 B1 EP 0151943B1 EP 85100356 A EP85100356 A EP 85100356A EP 85100356 A EP85100356 A EP 85100356A EP 0151943 B1 EP0151943 B1 EP 0151943B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
fuel injector
injector according
control pin
secondary member
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EP85100356A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0151943A3 (en
EP0151943A2 (en
Inventor
Albert Ing. Nolte
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Publication of EP0151943A2 publication Critical patent/EP0151943A2/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D1/00Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
    • F02D1/16Adjustment of injection timing
    • F02D1/18Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse
    • F02D1/183Adjustment of injection timing with non-mechanical means for transmitting control impulse; with amplification of control impulse hydraulic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device of the generic type according to claim 1.
  • Injection timing adjusters which change the injection timing exclusively as a function of the speed of the internal combustion engine or the speed of the injection pump camshaft.
  • US-A-3 709 001 describes an injection timing adjuster in which the timing is adjusted hydraulically. By means of centrifugal weights, valves are opened which allow hydraulic oil under pressure to overflow into chambers, causing rotation between the housing and the drive shaft and making it possible to adjust the ignition timing. The adjustment is only made depending on the speed change, without taking into account other operating parameters.
  • the ignition timing adjuster which is known from FR-A-2 108 744, works in the same way.
  • the hydraulic device is designed in the form of tappets.
  • an injection timing adjuster that can be influenced by several operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. So not only a clear speed dependency of the adjustment is desired, but e.g. also a load dependency of the start of delivery or a change in the injection timing during a cold start.
  • Modern internal combustion engines are therefore already equipped with an electrical control device, for example control electronics, which is able to record a large number of these operating parameters and to control all auxiliary units.
  • a fuel injection device for an air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine with an injection timing adjuster arranged on the drive side, consisting of a drive device, the primary part, an output device, the secondary part connected to the injection pump camshaft, and one the primary - And secondary part angularly movable connecting transmission element, which provides the torque transmission with a controlled by the motor parameters variable angular position of the primary to the secondary part.
  • the rotation angle adjustment of the primary to the secondary part can be detected by two electrical pulse generators. These impulses are processed by control electronics to a rotation angle adjustment default for the transmission element, with other motor parameters also being taken into account.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention has a much simpler structure with the characterizing features of independent claim 1.
  • the control electronics of the injection timing adjuster according to the invention constantly receive actual values via built-in pulse generators about the speed of the injection timing adjuster shaft and the rotational angle position of the driving and driven part of the injection timing adjuster. From other operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, which can be, for example, the engine temperature or the boost pressure, which are recorded by suitable sensors or sensors, together with the actual values measured, including the speed, an electrical setpoint for the rotational angle position of the Primary to the secondary part of the injection timing adjuster, that is, for the injection timing of the injection pump. This setpoint is therefore at least speed-dependent and can easily be made dependent on several further operating parameters of the internal combustion engine via the control electronics. As a result, in the case of the injection timing adjuster according to the invention, additional mechanical or semi-mechanical devices which correct the setpoint for the injection timing as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine are advantageously completely dispensed with.
  • the electrical setpoint of the injection time should be converted as simply as possible into a mechanical adjustment of the angle of rotation of the primary to the secondary part.
  • the injection timing adjuster can be arranged anywhere on the internal combustion engine.
  • the primary part is driven by the internal combustion engine and the secondary part is intended to drive the injection pump, an arrangement on the extension of the injection pump shaft axis is often provided.
  • the drive of the primary part is particularly conceivable with toothed edges or toothed belts.
  • the housing of the injection timing adjuster is flanged directly to the injection pump housing.
  • the transmission of the torque from the primary to the secondary part of the injection timing adjuster is ensured by a hydraulically acting transmission element, which essentially consists of two hydraulic tappets working against each other with a hydraulic control pin.
  • a hydraulic transmission element is particularly useful in connection with the drive of the injection pump.
  • strong alternating torques arise in the entire drive train of the injection pump, which generate a kind of pulsating movement between the drive and output parts of the injection timing adjuster. If the drive part (primary part) is now to be rotated relative to the output part (secondary part), it is not necessary, if these alternating torques are used appropriately, to adjust against the drive torque of the injection pump, i.e.
  • the injection timing adjuster takes the force necessary for the adjustment not from the hydraulics, but advantageously adjusts itself self-reinforcing with the energy of the alternating torques.
  • An alternative to this is to use the fuel of the internal combustion engine;
  • all known hydraulic fluids are possible if they are supplied by a separate pump with a hydraulic pressure at a level which is rather lower in comparison to the values normally used in hydraulics.
  • the secondary part is hub-shaped in the primary part, which is wheel-shaped or ring-shaped.
  • the hydraulic impulses working against each other are arranged in the axial direction in a sliding but pressure-tight manner in the bores according to claim 6. It is advantageous if the hydraulic tappets are as tangential as possible in the secondary part. Both hydraulic tappets engage with their ends protruding from the secondary part in a hemispherical or semi-cylindrical recess in the primary part.
  • the hydraulic tappets are regulated by a hydraulic control bolt in the inflow and / or outflow.
  • One hydraulic tappet rotates the primary part in the clockwise direction, the other in the counterclockwise direction; the hydraulic tappets work against each other.
  • a hydraulic tappet blocks the hydraulic fluid drain when the hydraulic control bolt is in the appropriate position and is therefore secured against being pushed together, so rotation in this direction is not possible, while on the other hand the hydraulic fluid drain is opened when the hydraulic control bolt is in a different position and the tappet can be compressed in the axial direction .
  • the hydraulic tappets can be arranged distributed over the entire secondary part, it is particularly advantageous if the two hydraulic tappets are almost opposite one another and the hydraulic control pin is located between the two hydraulic tappets as claimed in claim 10. The hydraulic medium inflow and outflow channels are then particularly short.
  • a path converter according to claim 15 is required, which transfers the displacement path of the hydraulic control bolt from the center to a radius on the secondary part.
  • An embodiment of the invention with a pressure path converter according to claim 16 presupposes that the control electronics control a preset pressure via a separate control device. Since the injection timing adjuster is a closed control loop, it is basically sufficient to specify a pressure controlled by the control electronics in three stages, namely the pressure corresponding to a shift of the hydraulic control pin in one direction, the pressure corresponding to the rest position of the hydraulic control pin and the pressure accordingly the displacement of the hydraulic control pin in the other direction.
  • An injection timing adjuster according to the invention can also be designed with a different type of control element which actuates the hydraulic control bolt; In particular, an electrical control element actuated directly by the control device is intended here.
  • the transmission element can also consist of a plurality of hydraulic tappets acting against each other, each of which is controlled individually and / or in pairs by one or a total of one hydraulic control pin.
  • Fig. 1 the individual components of an injection timing adjuster according to the invention are shown schematically, arrows indicating the operative connection between them.
  • the injection timing adjuster is arranged with the secondary part 5 on the injection pump camshaft 6 directly.
  • a toothed disk 7 is in turn firmly connected to the secondary part 5.
  • On this hub-shaped secondary part 5, the primary part is guided in the axial direction by the secondary part, but is angularly movable.
  • the injection pump camshaft 6 is driven via the primary part 4, which is designed as a ring gear.
  • a mark is made on the ring gear of the primary part 4 as well as on the toothed disk 7.
  • the electrical pulse generators 8 and 9 register each passage of the markings and send an electrical pulse to the control electronics 1.
  • the control electronics 1 have information about the speed of the injection pump camshaft 6 as well as information about the exact instantaneous rotation angle of the primary to Secondary part of the injection timing adjuster.
  • the three arrows leading into the control electronics 1 are intended to indicate further operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, which have been converted into electrical quantities by suitable sensors and / or measuring sensors.
  • the control electronics 1 processes all incoming variables to an electrical setpoint of the angle of rotation of the primary part to the secondary part, ie to a setpoint of the injection time.
  • This electrical signal must be implemented in a proportional, feedback-free adjustment path. This happens in two stages in an injection timing adjuster according to the invention.
  • the electrical signal is first converted into a hydraulic or pneumatic, proportional pressure with the aid of the device 2.
  • a known membrane pressure socket 3 then converts this pressure into the required actuating path, which corresponds to the electrical setpoint.
  • the adjustment path leads to a change in the angle of rotation position of the primary part to the secondary part, whereby the control loop of the injection timing adjuster is closed via the feedback at the pulse generators 8 and 9.
  • the injection timing adjuster 10 is connected to the housing of the injection pump 11.
  • the stationary sensors 8 and 9, which conduct the electrical impulses for the speed of the primary and secondary parts to the control electronics 1, are arranged in the housing 10.
  • the marking on the primary part 4 is provided in such a way that the sensor 8 emits the electrical pulse just when the piston of a combustion unit of the internal combustion engine is at top dead center; while the marking for the secondary part 5 lies on the toothed disk 7 such that the sensor 9 emits the electrical pulse at the beginning of the injection into the same combustion unit of the internal combustion engine.
  • a controlled pressure is transferred from the device 2 into the pressure path converter 3.
  • the pressure path converter 3 is provided with an actuator, which is arranged on the axis 12 of the injection timing adjuster, which executes a displacement or adjustment path on this axis 12 and thereby actuates the transmission link 22.
  • This transmission tab 22 is an embodiment of the ring gear 7 and is screwed to the secondary part 5 by the screws 20 together with the axial guidance of the primary part 4.
  • the independent displacement path lying on the axis 12 from the rotation of the secondary part is converted by the tab 22 into a displacement path for the hydraulic control bolt 23 that also rotates.
  • the pressure path converter 3 mentioned is formed as part of the housing 10, but a design separate from the injection timing adjuster would also be conceivable.
  • Fig. 3 shows the transmission element consisting essentially of the hydraulic tappets 24 and the hydraulic control pin 23 in a section through the secondary part.
  • the hydraulic medium supply takes place, as shown in FIG. 2, through a hollow bore in the injection pump camshaft 6 and through an radial bore 16 an annular space 17. From this annular cavity 17, now recognizable in FIG. 3, a radial bore 18 leads to the hydraulic control pin 23.
  • the hydraulic tappets 24 are arranged as tangentially as possible in bores in the secondary part 5. They are able to slide in their axial direction. Both hydraulic tappets 24 are supported with their end protruding on the secondary part in corresponding hemispherical recesses in the primary part 4. It should be noted that, due to the tangential arrangement, the direction of rotation of the primary to the secondary part from the two rams is opposite to each other due to the support.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the secondary part in the plane of the hydraulic tappet and the hydraulic control bolt.
  • the hydraulic control pin is shown in its rest position.
  • the oil supply 18 can be seen as an invisible edge behind the hydraulic control bolt.
  • a check valve 25 is inserted for each tappet.
  • the drainage channels 28 from the pressure chambers are designed as simple bores.
  • the control pin 23 has a spring 26, which generates a counterforce to the displacement force of the tab 22.
  • the hydraulic control bolt is arranged in such a way that the inflow openings to the supply channels 27 for the hydraulic pressure medium which is pushed out of the supply opening 18 are half open, while the outflow openings 28 are completely closed by the hydraulic control bolt 23.
  • the shifted hydraulic control bolt 23 now closes the feed to a bolt and thereby releases the outflow to the same bolt.
  • the hydraulic pressure medium can drain past the hydraulic control pin 23 laterally into the housing 10 of the injection timing adjuster.
  • the inflow to the other hydraulic tappet 24 is fully opened and the outflow of the same hydraulic tappet is kept closed.
  • the alternating torques push the hydraulic pressure medium out of the first cylinder, while the second cylinder can fill up more and more via the check valve. This requires an adjustment of the angle of rotation of the primary to the secondary part in the direction in which the second plunger acts. The adjustment is continued until the Sen sensors 8 and 9 that the specified target value has been reached is reported.
  • the control electronics 1 then again specify a displacement path of the tab 22 corresponding to the rest position of the hydraulic control bolt 23 via the pressure path converter 3.
  • the hydraulic control pin 23 has returned to its rest position, as shown in FIG. 4, the new rotational angle position of the primary part to the secondary part remains fixed.
  • a change in the angle of rotation position of the secondary part to the primary part in a different direction can be achieved by controlling the hydraulic control bolt 23 in exactly the opposite way.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung der gattungsbildenden Art nach Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection device of the generic type according to claim 1.

Bekannt sind Einspritzzeitpunktversteller, die den Einspritzzeitpunkt ausschliesslich in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. der Drehzahl der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle verändern.Injection timing adjusters are known which change the injection timing exclusively as a function of the speed of the internal combustion engine or the speed of the injection pump camshaft.

In US-A-3 709 001 wird ein Einspritzzeitpunktversteller beschrieben, bei dem die Verstellung des Zeitzündpunkts hydraulisch erfolgt. Mittels Fliehgewichte werden Ventile geöffnet, die unter Druck stehendem Hydrauliköl ein Überströmen in Kammern ermöglichen, wodurch eine Verdrehung zwischen Gehäuse und Antriebswelle erfolgt und die Verstellung des Zündzeitpunkts ermöglicht wird. Die Verstellung erfolgt nur in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahländerung, ohne Berücksichtigung weiterer Betriebsparameter.US-A-3 709 001 describes an injection timing adjuster in which the timing is adjusted hydraulically. By means of centrifugal weights, valves are opened which allow hydraulic oil under pressure to overflow into chambers, causing rotation between the housing and the drive shaft and making it possible to adjust the ignition timing. The adjustment is only made depending on the speed change, without taking into account other operating parameters.

In gleicher Weise arbeitet der Zündzeitpunktversteller, der aus FR-A-2 108 744 bekannt ist. Hier ist die Hydraulikvorrichtung in Form von Stösseln ausgebildet.The ignition timing adjuster, which is known from FR-A-2 108 744, works in the same way. Here the hydraulic device is designed in the form of tappets.

Es ist für ein gutes Betriebsverhalten heutiger schnellaufender Brennkraftmaschinen, die vorzugsweise in Fahrzeuge eingebaut werden, aber wünschenswert, einen Einspritzzeitpunktversteller bereitzustellen, der durch mehrere Betriebsparameter der Brennkraftmaschine beeinflussbar ist. So ist also nicht nur eine eindeutige Drehzahlabhängigkeit der Verstellung erwünscht, sondern z.B. auch eine Lastabhängigkeit des Förderbeginnes oder eine Veränderung des Einspritzzeitpunktes beim Kaltstart. Moderne Brennkraftmaschinen sind deshalb bereits mit einer elektrischen Regeleinrichtung, beispielsweise einer Regelelektronik, ausgestattet, die in der Lage ist, eine Vielzahl von diesen Betriebsparametern zu erfassen und alle Hilfsaggregate zu steuern.For good operating behavior of today's high-speed internal combustion engines, which are preferably installed in vehicles, it is desirable to provide an injection timing adjuster that can be influenced by several operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. So not only a clear speed dependency of the adjustment is desired, but e.g. also a load dependency of the start of delivery or a change in the injection timing during a cold start. Modern internal combustion engines are therefore already equipped with an electrical control device, for example control electronics, which is able to record a large number of these operating parameters and to control all auxiliary units.

Aus GB-A-2 029 934 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für eine luftverdichtende, selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine bekannt mit einem auf der Antriebsseite angeordneten Einspritzzeitpunktversteller, bestehend aus einer Antriebseinrichtung, dem Primärteil, aus einer Abtriebseinrichtung, dem mit der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle verbundenen Sekundärteil, und aus einem das Primär- und Sekundärteil angular beweglich verbindenden Übertragungselement, das die Drehmomentübertragung mit einer von den Motorparametern gesteuerten veränderlichen Winkelstellung des Primär- zum Sekundärteil vorsieht. Die Drehwinkelverstellung des Primär-zum Sekundärteil ist durch zwei elektrische Impulsgeber erfassbar. Diese Impulse werden von einer Regelelektronik zu einer Drehwinkelverstellungsvorgabegrösse für das Übertragungselement verarbeitet, wobei auch noch weitere Motorparameter berücksichtigt werden.From GB-A-2 029 934 a fuel injection device for an air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engine is known with an injection timing adjuster arranged on the drive side, consisting of a drive device, the primary part, an output device, the secondary part connected to the injection pump camshaft, and one the primary - And secondary part angularly movable connecting transmission element, which provides the torque transmission with a controlled by the motor parameters variable angular position of the primary to the secondary part. The rotation angle adjustment of the primary to the secondary part can be detected by two electrical pulse generators. These impulses are processed by control electronics to a rotation angle adjustment default for the transmission element, with other motor parameters also being taken into account.

Aufgrund der konzentrisch umeinanderliegenden Steuerteile der hydraulischen Regeleinrichtung entsteht allerdings ein komplizierter Aufbau, der einen erheblichen Abdichtungsaufwand erfordert.Due to the concentric control parts of the hydraulic control device, however, a complicated structure arises, which requires a considerable amount of sealing.

Einen wesentlich einfacheren Aufbau weist dagegen die erfindungsgemässe Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 auf.In contrast, the fuel injection device according to the invention has a much simpler structure with the characterizing features of independent claim 1.

Die Regelelektronik des erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers erhält als Istwert ständig über eingebaute Impulsgeber Informationen über die Drehzahl der Einspritzzeitpunktverstellerwelle und über die Drehwinkelstellung des antreibenden zum angetriebenen Teil des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers. Aus noch anderen Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine, was beispielsweise die Motortemperatur oder der Ladedruck sein können, die von geeigneten Gebern oder Messfühlern erfasst werden, wird zusammen mit den gemessenen Istwerten einschliesslich der Drehzahl, über die interne Programmierung in der Regelelektronik ein elektrischer Sollwert für die Drehwinkelstellung des Primär- zum Sekundärteil des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers, also für den Einspritzzeitpunkt der Einspritzpumpe, errechnet. Dieser Sollwert ist demnach mindestens drehzahlabhängig und leicht über die Regelelektronik von mehreren weiteren Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine abhängig zu machen. Dadurch kann bei dem erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktversteller auf weitere mechanische oder halbmechanische den Sollwert für den Einspritzzeitpunkt in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine korrigierende Einrichtungen in vorteilhafter Weise vollständig verzichtet werden.The control electronics of the injection timing adjuster according to the invention constantly receive actual values via built-in pulse generators about the speed of the injection timing adjuster shaft and the rotational angle position of the driving and driven part of the injection timing adjuster. From other operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, which can be, for example, the engine temperature or the boost pressure, which are recorded by suitable sensors or sensors, together with the actual values measured, including the speed, an electrical setpoint for the rotational angle position of the Primary to the secondary part of the injection timing adjuster, that is, for the injection timing of the injection pump. This setpoint is therefore at least speed-dependent and can easily be made dependent on several further operating parameters of the internal combustion engine via the control electronics. As a result, in the case of the injection timing adjuster according to the invention, additional mechanical or semi-mechanical devices which correct the setpoint for the injection timing as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine are advantageously completely dispensed with.

Gemäss der Erfindung solj der elektrische Sollwert des Einspritzzeitpunktes auf möglichst einfache Weise in eine mechanische Verstellung des Drehwinkels des Primär- zum Sekundärteil umgesetzt werden. Grundsätzlich kann der Einspritzzeitpunktversteller überall an der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet sein. Da jedoch das Primärteil von der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird und das Sekundärteil die Einspritzpumpe antreiben soll, ist häufig eine Anordnung auf der Verlängerung der Einspritzpumpenwellenachse vorgesehen. Der Antrieb des Primärteils ist insbesondere mit Zahnrändern oder Zahnriemen denkbar. Bei dieser Antriebsart wird das Gehäuse des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers mit seinem Antrieb direkt an das Einspritzpumpengehäuse angeflanscht. Die Übertragung des Drehmomentes vom Primär- zum Sekundärteil des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers gewährleistet ein hydraulisch wirkendes Übertragungselement, welches im wesentlichen aus zwei gegeneinander arbeitenden Hydraulikstösseln mit einem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen besteht. Die Verwendung eines hydraulischen Übertragungselementes ist gerade in Verbindung mit dem Antrieb der Einspritzpumpe besonders sinnvoll. Im Betrieb entstehen im gesamten Antriebsstrang der Einspritzpumpe starke Wechselmomente, die eine Art pulsierende Bewegung zwischen Antriebs- und Abtriebsteil des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers erzeugen. Soll jetzt das Antriebsteil (Primärteil) gegenüber dem Abtriebsteil (Sekundärteil) verdreht werden, so ist es, wenn man diese Wechselmomente geeignet ausnutzt, nicht nötig, entgegen dem Antriebsmoment der Einspritzpumpe zu verstellen, d.h. bei Verwendung einer Hydraulik genügt die Bereitstellung eines vergleichsweise geringen Hydraulikmitteldruckes, um die Verstellung durchzuführen. Der Einspritzzeitpunktversteller entnimmt die zur Verstellung nötige Kraft nicht aus der Hydraulik, sondern verstellt sich vorteilhafterweise selbstverstärkend mit der Energie der Wechselmomente. Dadurch ist eine teure Hydraulikhochdruckpumpe überflüssig und insbesondere die Verwendung des unter Druck stehenden Motoröls der Brennkraftmaschine als Hydraulikdruckmittel nahegelegt. Eine Alternative hierzu bietet sich in der Verwendung des Kraftstoffs der Brennkraftmaschine an; es sind im weiteren alle bekannten Hydraulikflüssigkeiten möglich, wenn sie durch eine gesonderte Pumpe mit einem Hydraulikdruck auf einem im Vergleich zu sonst üblichen Werten bei Hydrauliken eher niedrigeren Niveau versorgt werden.According to the invention, the electrical setpoint of the injection time should be converted as simply as possible into a mechanical adjustment of the angle of rotation of the primary to the secondary part. In principle, the injection timing adjuster can be arranged anywhere on the internal combustion engine. However, since the primary part is driven by the internal combustion engine and the secondary part is intended to drive the injection pump, an arrangement on the extension of the injection pump shaft axis is often provided. The drive of the primary part is particularly conceivable with toothed edges or toothed belts. In this type of drive, the housing of the injection timing adjuster is flanged directly to the injection pump housing. The transmission of the torque from the primary to the secondary part of the injection timing adjuster is ensured by a hydraulically acting transmission element, which essentially consists of two hydraulic tappets working against each other with a hydraulic control pin. The use of a hydraulic transmission element is particularly useful in connection with the drive of the injection pump. During operation, strong alternating torques arise in the entire drive train of the injection pump, which generate a kind of pulsating movement between the drive and output parts of the injection timing adjuster. If the drive part (primary part) is now to be rotated relative to the output part (secondary part), it is not necessary, if these alternating torques are used appropriately, to adjust against the drive torque of the injection pump, i.e. if a hydraulic system is used, it is sufficient to provide a comparatively low hydraulic medium pressure to carry out the adjustment. The injection timing adjuster takes the force necessary for the adjustment not from the hydraulics, but advantageously adjusts itself self-reinforcing with the energy of the alternating torques. This makes an expensive high-pressure hydraulic pump superfluous and in particular suggests the use of the pressurized engine oil of the internal combustion engine as hydraulic pressure medium. An alternative to this is to use the fuel of the internal combustion engine; In addition, all known hydraulic fluids are possible if they are supplied by a separate pump with a hydraulic pressure at a level which is rather lower in comparison to the values normally used in hydraulics.

Das Sekundärteil ist nabenförmig in das Primärteil, welches rad- oder kranzförmig ausgeführt ist, eingefügt. Die gegeneinander arbeitenden Hydraulikstössei sind in ihrer axialen Richtung gleitend aber druckmitteldicht in den Bohrungen gemäss Anspruch 6 angeordnet. Dabei ist es günstig, wenn die Hydraulikstössel möglichst tangential im Sekundärteil liegen. Beide Hydraulikstössel greifen mit ihren aus dem Sekundärteil herausragenden Enden in eine insbesondere halbkugel- oder halbzylinderförmige Aussparung des Primärteils ein. Die Hydraulikstössel werden von einem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen im Zu-und/oder Abfluss geregelt. Der eine Hydraulikstössel verdreht das Primärteil beim Betätigen in Uhrzeiger-, der andere in Gegenuhrzeigerrichtung; die Hydraulikstössel arbeiten gegeneinander. Die Wirkung eines Hydraulikstössels beruht auf der Absteuerung des Druckes; d.h. ein Hydraulikstössel blockiert einerseits bei entsprechender Stellung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens den Hydraulikmittelabfluss und ist somit gegen Zusammenschieben gesichert, also ist eine Verdrehung in dieser Richtung nicht möglich, während andererseits bei entsprechend anderer Stellung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens der Hydraulikmittelabfluss geöffnet ist und so der Stössel in axialer Richtung zusammengedrückt werden kann. Prinzipiell können die Hydraulikstössel auf dem ganzen Sekundärteil verteilt angeordnet sein, besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn sich beide Hydraulikstössel fast gegenüberliegen und der Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen wie nach Anspruch 10 sich zwischen den beiden Hydraulikstösseln befindet. Die Hydraulikmittelzu-und -abflusskanäle sind dann besonders kurz. Andererseits benötigt man gegenüber der Anordnung im Mittelpunkt des Sekundärteils einen Wegumsetzer nach Anspruch 15, der den Verschiebeweg des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens von der Mitte auf einen Radius auf dem Sekundärteil überträgt.The secondary part is hub-shaped in the primary part, which is wheel-shaped or ring-shaped. The hydraulic impulses working against each other are arranged in the axial direction in a sliding but pressure-tight manner in the bores according to claim 6. It is advantageous if the hydraulic tappets are as tangential as possible in the secondary part. Both hydraulic tappets engage with their ends protruding from the secondary part in a hemispherical or semi-cylindrical recess in the primary part. The hydraulic tappets are regulated by a hydraulic control bolt in the inflow and / or outflow. One hydraulic tappet rotates the primary part in the clockwise direction, the other in the counterclockwise direction; the hydraulic tappets work against each other. The effect of a hydraulic tappet is based on the control of the pressure; i.e. a hydraulic tappet blocks the hydraulic fluid drain when the hydraulic control bolt is in the appropriate position and is therefore secured against being pushed together, so rotation in this direction is not possible, while on the other hand the hydraulic fluid drain is opened when the hydraulic control bolt is in a different position and the tappet can be compressed in the axial direction . In principle, the hydraulic tappets can be arranged distributed over the entire secondary part, it is particularly advantageous if the two hydraulic tappets are almost opposite one another and the hydraulic control pin is located between the two hydraulic tappets as claimed in claim 10. The hydraulic medium inflow and outflow channels are then particularly short. On the other hand, compared to the arrangement in the center of the secondary part, a path converter according to claim 15 is required, which transfers the displacement path of the hydraulic control bolt from the center to a radius on the secondary part.

Bevorzugt ist eine Ausbildung der Hydrauliksteuerung nach den Ansprüchen 13 und 15, bei der der Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen gleichzeitig die Zu- und Abflusskanäle beider Stössel steuert. Es sind auch weitere Ausgestaltungen mit zwei getrennten Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen denkbar, die jeden Stössel einzeln ansteuern.An embodiment of the hydraulic control according to claims 13 and 15 is preferred, in which the hydraulic control bolt simultaneously controls the inflow and outflow channels of both tappets. Other configurations with two separate hydraulic control bolts are also conceivable, which actuate each tappet individually.

Eine Ausbildung der Erfindung mit einem Druck- wegumsetzer nach Anspruch 16 setzt voraus, dass die Regelelektronik über ein separates Steuergerät einen Vorgabedruck steuert. Da es sich bei dem Einspritzzeitpunktversteller um einen geschlossenen Regelkreis handelt, genügt grundsätzlich die Vorgabe eines von der Regelelektronik gesteuerten Druckes in drei Stufen, nämlich dem Druck entsprechend einer Verschiebung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens in der einen Richtung, dem Druck entsprechend der Ruhelage des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens und dem Druck entsprechend der Verschiebung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens in der anderen Richtung. Ein erfindungsgemässer Einspritzzeitpunktversteller kann auch mit einem andersartigen Steuerglied, welches den Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen betätigt, ausgeführt sein; insbesondere ist hier an ein elektrisches, direkt von der Regeleinrichtung betätigtes, Steuerorgan gedacht.An embodiment of the invention with a pressure path converter according to claim 16 presupposes that the control electronics control a preset pressure via a separate control device. Since the injection timing adjuster is a closed control loop, it is basically sufficient to specify a pressure controlled by the control electronics in three stages, namely the pressure corresponding to a shift of the hydraulic control pin in one direction, the pressure corresponding to the rest position of the hydraulic control pin and the pressure accordingly the displacement of the hydraulic control pin in the other direction. An injection timing adjuster according to the invention can also be designed with a different type of control element which actuates the hydraulic control bolt; In particular, an electrical control element actuated directly by the control device is intended here.

Im übrigen sei noch angemerkt, dass das Übertragungselement ebenfalls aus einer Mehrzahl von gegeneinander wirkenden Hydraulikstösseln, die jeweils einzeln und/oder paarweise von einem oder insgesamt von einem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen gesteuert werden, bestehen kann.In addition, it should also be noted that the transmission element can also consist of a plurality of hydraulic tappets acting against each other, each of which is controlled individually and / or in pairs by one or a total of one hydraulic control pin.

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnung verwiesen. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der einzelnen Komponenten eines erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers;
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers (nach der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 3);
  • Fig. 3 einen zu dem in Fig. 2 senkrecht stehenden Schnitt durch das Sekundärteil desselben Ausführungsbeispiels (nach der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 2);
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch das Sekundärteil desselben Ausführungsbeispiels in der Ebene des Hydraulikstössels und des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens.
To further explain the invention reference is made to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a schematic illustration of the individual components of an injection timing adjuster according to the invention;
  • 2 shows a cross section through an exemplary embodiment of an injection timing adjuster according to the invention (along the line 11-11 in FIG. 3);
  • 3 shows a section through the secondary part of the same exemplary embodiment which is perpendicular to FIG. 2 (along the line 111-111 in FIG. 2);
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the secondary part of the same embodiment in the plane of the hydraulic tappet and the hydraulic control bolt.

In Fig. 1 sind schematisch die einzelnen Komponenten eines erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers dargestellt, wobei Pfeile die Wirkverbindung zwischen diesen andeuten. Der Einspritzzeitpunktversteller ist mit dem Sekundärteil 5 auf der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6 direkt angeordnet. Eine Zahnscheibe 7 ist wiederum mit dem Sekundärteil 5 fest verbunden. Auf diesem nabenförmig ausgebildeten Sekundärteil 5 ist das Primärteil in axialer Richtung vom Sekundärteil geführt, angular jedoch beweglich, angeordnet. Die Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6 wird über das Primärteil 4, welches als Zahnkranz ausgeführt ist, angetrieben. Sowohl auf dem Zahnkranz des Primärteils 4 als auch auf der Zahnscheibe 7 ist je eine Markierung angebracht. Die elektrischen Impulsgeber 8 und 9 registrieren jeden Vorbeilauf der Markierungen und senden dabei einen elektrischen Impuls an die Regelelektronik 1. Durch diese Impulse besitzt die Regelelektronik 1 sowohl Informationen über die Drehzahl der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6, als auch Informationen über den exakten momentanen Verdrehwinkel des Primär-zum Sekundärteil des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers. Die drei in der Regelelektronik 1 hineinführenden Pfeile sollen weitere Betriebsparameter der Brennkraftmaschine andeuten, die durch geeignete Geber und/oder Messfühler zu elektrischen Grössen umgewandelt worden sind. Die Regelelektronik 1 verarbeitet alle eingehenden Grössen zu einem elektrischen Sollwert des Verdrehwinkels des Primär-zum Sekundärteil, d.h. zu einem Sollwert des Einspritzzeitpunktes. Dieses elektrische Signal muss in einen proportionalen, rückführungsfreien Verstellweg umgesetzt werden. Das geschieht bei einem erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktversteller in zwei Stufen. Das elektrische Signal wird zuerst mit Hilfe der Einrichtung 2 in einen hydraulischen oder pneumatischen, proportionalen Druck umgesetzt. Eine bekannte Membrandruckdose 3 wandelt diesen Druck danach in den geforderten Stellweg, der dem elektrischen Sollwert entspricht, um. Der Stellweg führt zu einer Veränderung der Drehwinkelstellung des Primär- zum Sekundärteil, womit der Regelkreis des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers über die Rückkopplung an den Impulsgebern 8 und 9 geschlossen ist.In Fig. 1 the individual components of an injection timing adjuster according to the invention are shown schematically, arrows indicating the operative connection between them. The injection timing adjuster is arranged with the secondary part 5 on the injection pump camshaft 6 directly. A toothed disk 7 is in turn firmly connected to the secondary part 5. On this hub-shaped secondary part 5, the primary part is guided in the axial direction by the secondary part, but is angularly movable. The injection pump camshaft 6 is driven via the primary part 4, which is designed as a ring gear. A mark is made on the ring gear of the primary part 4 as well as on the toothed disk 7. The electrical pulse generators 8 and 9 register each passage of the markings and send an electrical pulse to the control electronics 1. As a result of these pulses, the control electronics 1 have information about the speed of the injection pump camshaft 6 as well as information about the exact instantaneous rotation angle of the primary to Secondary part of the injection timing adjuster. The three arrows leading into the control electronics 1 are intended to indicate further operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, which have been converted into electrical quantities by suitable sensors and / or measuring sensors. The control electronics 1 processes all incoming variables to an electrical setpoint of the angle of rotation of the primary part to the secondary part, ie to a setpoint of the injection time. This electrical signal must be implemented in a proportional, feedback-free adjustment path. This happens in two stages in an injection timing adjuster according to the invention. The electrical signal is first converted into a hydraulic or pneumatic, proportional pressure with the aid of the device 2. A known membrane pressure socket 3 then converts this pressure into the required actuating path, which corresponds to the electrical setpoint. The adjustment path leads to a change in the angle of rotation position of the primary part to the secondary part, whereby the control loop of the injection timing adjuster is closed via the feedback at the pulse generators 8 and 9.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemässen Einspritzzeitpunktversteller gezeigt. Die Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6 ist radial in dem Lager 14 sowie axial durch den Lagerring 13 geführt. Auf dem Ende der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6 ist das Sekundärteil 5 mit den Schrauben 19 festgeschraubt. Das zahnkranzförmige Primärteil 4 sitzt auf dem Sekundärteil 5 und wird durch die ringförmigen Scheiben 15 in axialer Richtung auf diesem geführt. Mit dem Gehäuse der Einspritzpumpe 11 ist das Gehäuse des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers 10 verbunden. In dem Gehäuse 10 sind die ortsfesten Sensoren 8 und 9, welche die elektrischen Impulse für die Drehzahl des Primär- und Sekundärteils an die Regelelektronik 1 leiten, angeordnet. Die Markierung auf dem Primärteil 4 ist dabei insbesondere so vorgesehen, dass der Sensor 8 den elektrischen Impuls gerade dann abgibt, wenn sich der Kolben einer Brenneinheit der Brennkraftmaschine im oberen Totpunkt befindet; während die Markierung für das Sekundärteil 5 auf der Zahnscheibe 7 so liegt, dass der Sensor 9 den elektrischen Impuls zu Beginn des Einspritzens in dieselbe Brenneinheit der Brennkraftmaschine abgibt. Von der Einrichtung 2 wird ein gesteuerter Druck in den Druckwegumsetzer 3 gegeben. Der Druckwegumsetzer 3 ist mit einem Stellglied, welches auf der Achse 12 des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers angeordnet ist, versehen, das einen Verschiebe-oder Stellweg auf eben dieser Achse 12 ausführt und dabei die Übertragungslasche 22 betätigt. Diese Übertragungslasche 22 ist eine Ausbildung des Zahnkranzes 7 und mit diesem durch die Schrauben 20 zusammen mit der axialen Führung des Primärteils 4 an das Sekundärteil 5 fest verschraubt. Der von der Rotation des Sekundärteils auf der Achse 12 liegende unabhängige Verschiebeweg wird durch die Lasche 22 in einen mitrotierenden Verschiebeweg für den Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 umgesetzt. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der erwähnte Druckwegumsetzer 3 als Teil des Gehäuses 10 ausgebildet, es wäre jedoch auch eine vom Einspritzzeitpunktversteller getrennte Bauart denkbar.2 shows a cross section through an injection timing adjuster according to the invention. The injection pump camshaft 6 is guided radially in the bearing 14 and axially through the bearing ring 13. At the end of the injection pump camshaft 6, the secondary part 5 is screwed down with the screws 19. The ring gear-shaped primary part 4 sits on the secondary part 5 and is guided on the latter by the annular disks 15 in the axial direction. The housing of the injection timing adjuster 10 is connected to the housing of the injection pump 11. The stationary sensors 8 and 9, which conduct the electrical impulses for the speed of the primary and secondary parts to the control electronics 1, are arranged in the housing 10. The marking on the primary part 4 is provided in such a way that the sensor 8 emits the electrical pulse just when the piston of a combustion unit of the internal combustion engine is at top dead center; while the marking for the secondary part 5 lies on the toothed disk 7 such that the sensor 9 emits the electrical pulse at the beginning of the injection into the same combustion unit of the internal combustion engine. A controlled pressure is transferred from the device 2 into the pressure path converter 3. The pressure path converter 3 is provided with an actuator, which is arranged on the axis 12 of the injection timing adjuster, which executes a displacement or adjustment path on this axis 12 and thereby actuates the transmission link 22. This transmission tab 22 is an embodiment of the ring gear 7 and is screwed to the secondary part 5 by the screws 20 together with the axial guidance of the primary part 4. The independent displacement path lying on the axis 12 from the rotation of the secondary part is converted by the tab 22 into a displacement path for the hydraulic control bolt 23 that also rotates. In this exemplary embodiment, the pressure path converter 3 mentioned is formed as part of the housing 10, but a design separate from the injection timing adjuster would also be conceivable.

Fig. 3 zeigt das Übertragungselement im wesentlichen bestehend aus den Hydraulikstösseln 24 und dem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 in einem Schnitt durch das Sekundärteil. Die Hydraulikmittelzuführung erfolgt, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, durch eine Hohlbohrung in der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle 6 und durch eine Radialbohrung 16 einen ringförmigen Raum 17. Von diesem ringförmigen Hohlraum 17, jetzt in Fig. 3 zu erkennen, führt eine radiale Bohrung 18 zu dem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23. Die Hydraulikstössel 24 sind möglichst tangential in Bohrungen in dem Sekundärteil 5 angeordnet. Dabei sind sie in der Lage, in ihrer axialen Richtung zu gleiten. Beide Hydraulikstössel 24 stützen sich mit ihrem auf dem Sekundärteil herausragenden Ende in entsprechenden halbkugelförmigen Aussparungen des Primärteils 4 ab. Es ist dabei zu beachten, dass, durch die tangentiale Anordnung bedingt, die Richtung der Verdrehung des Primär- zum Sekundärteil von den beiden Stösseln infolge derAbstützung einander entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist.Fig. 3 shows the transmission element consisting essentially of the hydraulic tappets 24 and the hydraulic control pin 23 in a section through the secondary part. The hydraulic medium supply takes place, as shown in FIG. 2, through a hollow bore in the injection pump camshaft 6 and through an radial bore 16 an annular space 17. From this annular cavity 17, now recognizable in FIG. 3, a radial bore 18 leads to the hydraulic control pin 23. The hydraulic tappets 24 are arranged as tangentially as possible in bores in the secondary part 5. They are able to slide in their axial direction. Both hydraulic tappets 24 are supported with their end protruding on the secondary part in corresponding hemispherical recesses in the primary part 4. It should be noted that, due to the tangential arrangement, the direction of rotation of the primary to the secondary part from the two rams is opposite to each other due to the support.

In Fig. 4 ist ein Querschnitt durch das Sekundärteil in der Ebene des Hydraulikstössels und des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens dargestellt. Dabei ist der Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen in seiner Ruhelage gezeigt. Die Ölzuführung 18 ist als unsichtbare Kante hinter dem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen zu erkennen. In den Zuführungskanälen 27 zu den Druckräumen unterhalb des Hydraulikstössels 24 ist pro Stössel ein Rückschlagventil 25 eingefügt. Die Abflusskanäle 28 von den Druckräumen sind als einfache Bohrungen ausgebildet. Der Ansteuerungsbolzen 23 weist eine Feder 26, die eine Gegenkraft zu der Verschiebekraft der Lasche 22 erzeugt, auf. Der Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen ist so angeordnet, dass die Zuflussöffnungen zu den Zuführungskanälen 27 für das Hydraulikdruckmittel, welches aus der Zuführungsöffnung 18 gedrückt wird, halb geöffnet ist, während die Abflussöffnungen 28 durch den Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 vollständig verschlossen sind.4 shows a cross section through the secondary part in the plane of the hydraulic tappet and the hydraulic control bolt. The hydraulic control pin is shown in its rest position. The oil supply 18 can be seen as an invisible edge behind the hydraulic control bolt. In the supply channels 27 to the pressure chambers below the hydraulic tappet 24, a check valve 25 is inserted for each tappet. The drainage channels 28 from the pressure chambers are designed as simple bores. The control pin 23 has a spring 26, which generates a counterforce to the displacement force of the tab 22. The hydraulic control bolt is arranged in such a way that the inflow openings to the supply channels 27 for the hydraulic pressure medium which is pushed out of the supply opening 18 are half open, while the outflow openings 28 are completely closed by the hydraulic control bolt 23.

Die Wirkungsweise eines derartigen hydraulischen Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers beruht auf den an der Einspritzpumpennockenwelle angreifenden Wechselmomenten. Im Falle des, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigten, in Ruhe befindlichen Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens 23 sind die Abflusskanäle 28 zu den Druckräumen unterhalb der Hydraulikstössel 24 gesperrt. Das bedeutet, die Hydraulikstössel können sich in ihren Bohrungen nicht verschieben. Da beide Stössel in eine andere Drehrichtung wirken, ist die Stellung des Sekundär- zum Primärteil fixiert. Wird jetzt von der Regelelektronik eine Veränderung des Einspritzzeitpunktes vorgegeben, so ändert sich der Druck in dem Druckwegumsetzer 3, so dass ein Verschiebeweg auf der Einspritzzeitpunktverstellerachse 12 ausgeführt wird. Dieser Verschiebeweg setzt die Lasche 22 in einen Verschiebeweg für den mitrotierenden Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 um. Der verschobene Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 verschliesst jetzt die Zuführung zu einem Bolzen und gibt dabei den Abfluss zu demselben Bolzen frei. Das Hydraulikdruckmittel kann an dem Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 vorbei seitlich in das Gehäuse 10 des Einspritzzeitpunktverstellers ablaufen. Gleichzeitig wird der Zufluss zu dem anderen Hydraulikstössel 24 ganz geöffnet, sowie der Abfluss desselben Hydraulikstössels weiterhin geschlossen gehalten. Die Wechselmomente drücken das Hydraulikdruckmittel aus dem ersten Zylinder heraus, während sich der zweite Zylinder über das Rückschlagventil immer mehr auffüllen kann. Dies bedingt eine Verstellung des Verdrehwinkels des Primär- zum Sekundärteil in der Richtung, in der der zweite Stössel wirkt. Die Verstellung wird so lange fortgesetzt, bis über die Sensoren 8 und 9 das Erreichen des vorgegebenen Sollwertes gemeldet wird. Die Regelelektronik 1 gibt dann über den Druckwegumsetzer 3 wieder einen der Ruhestellung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens 23 entsprechenden Verschiebeweg der Lasche 22 vor. Ist der Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzen 23 in seine Ruhestellung, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt, zurückgekehrt, so bleibt die neue Drehwinkelstellung des Primär-zum Sekundärteil fixiert.The mode of operation of such a hydraulic injection timing adjuster is based on the alternating torques acting on the injection pump camshaft. In the case of the hydraulic control bolt 23, which is at rest, as shown in FIG. 4, the drainage channels 28 to the pressure chambers below the hydraulic tappet 24 are blocked. This means that the hydraulic tappets cannot move in their bores. Since both plungers act in a different direction of rotation, the position of the secondary to the primary part is fixed. If the control electronics now prescribe a change in the injection timing, the pressure in the pressure path converter 3 changes, so that a displacement path is carried out on the injection timing adjuster axis 12. This displacement path converts the tab 22 into a displacement path for the rotating hydraulic control bolt 23. The shifted hydraulic control bolt 23 now closes the feed to a bolt and thereby releases the outflow to the same bolt. The hydraulic pressure medium can drain past the hydraulic control pin 23 laterally into the housing 10 of the injection timing adjuster. At the same time, the inflow to the other hydraulic tappet 24 is fully opened and the outflow of the same hydraulic tappet is kept closed. The alternating torques push the hydraulic pressure medium out of the first cylinder, while the second cylinder can fill up more and more via the check valve. This requires an adjustment of the angle of rotation of the primary to the secondary part in the direction in which the second plunger acts. The adjustment is continued until the Sen sensors 8 and 9 that the specified target value has been reached is reported. The control electronics 1 then again specify a displacement path of the tab 22 corresponding to the rest position of the hydraulic control bolt 23 via the pressure path converter 3. When the hydraulic control pin 23 has returned to its rest position, as shown in FIG. 4, the new rotational angle position of the primary part to the secondary part remains fixed.

Eine Änderung der Drehwinkelstellung des Sekundär- zum Primärteil in anderer Richtung, ist durch eine genau umgekehrte Ansteuerung des Hydraulikansteuerungsbolzens 23 erreichbar.A change in the angle of rotation position of the secondary part to the primary part in a different direction can be achieved by controlling the hydraulic control bolt 23 in exactly the opposite way.

Claims (17)

1. A fuel injector for an air-compressing autoignition internal combustion engine, the injector being provided with an injection timing controller arranged at the drive side and comprising a drive part, i.e. a primary member (4), a driven part, i.e. a secondary member (5), mounted on the drive shaft (6) of the injection pump and a transmitting system which connects the primary member (4) to the secondary one (5) - so that they are rotatable in relation to each other - and which serves to transmit torque in dependence on the variable angular position - determined by parameters of the engine - of the primary member (4) relative to the secondary member (5), in which the angular position of the primary member (4) relative to the secondary one (5) is ascertainable by two electric pulse generators, in which the pulses are processed by an electronic regulator so as to furnish the transmitting system with a set value for the angular position, and in which the transmitting system includes at least one hydraulic adjusting device serving to rotate the secondary member (5) relative to the primary member (4) in opposite directions of angular rotation, characterized in that the transmitting system comprises at least one hydraulic control pin (23) for controlling the inlets (27) and/or outlets (28) for the pressure medium of the adjusting device, a mechanical element for actuating the control pin or pins, and also comprises two hydraulic tappets (24) including respective check valves (25), that the one hydraulic tappet (24) serves to change the angular position in clockwise direction and the other one (24) in anti-clockwise direction, that the two oppositely acting tappets (24) and the control pin associated with them are arranged in the secondary member (5), and in that the secondary member (5) is fitted hub- like into and axially guides the primary member (4).
2. A fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric control pulses of the electronic regulator (1) are convertible - either directly by an externally arranged path converter, known per se, or by means of an interposed pressure-path converter - into a proportional displacement path of a control element which serves to actuate,via the mechanical element, the control pin (23), and in that the control element is displaceable on the axis (12) of the injection timing controller.
3. A fuel injector according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the primary member (4) is a drivable gear ring or gear wheel.
4. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric pulses, which ascertain the angular position of the primary member (4) relative to the secondary one (5), are generated by sensors (8, 9) - which are, for example, electromagnets and which are fastened to the timing controller's casing - one of which detects a marking on and rotating with the primary member (4) and the other one a like marking on the secondary member (5).
5. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the marking on the primary member (4) indicates the instant at which the piston, or a respective one of the pistons, of the engine has reached its upper dead centre while the marking on the secondary member (5) indicates the instant at which injection into the same piston's work unit starts.
6. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each hydraulic tappet (24) is slidingly mounted in a respective one of two spaced tangential bores both of which extend either along a single imaginary secant or along two different ones passing through the secondary member.
7. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the secants intersect at a point located within the secondary member (5), that the hydraulic control pin (23) is disposed in the angular sector left free between the two bores for the hydraulic tappets (24), and in that the control pin's axis extends parallel with the axis (12) of the timing controller.
8. A fuel injector according to any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the secants intersect at a point located outside the secondary member (5), that the hydraulic control pin (23) is disposed in a part of the secondary member (5) which is opposite the bores for the hydraulic tappets (24), and in that the control pin's axis extends parallel with the axis (12) of the timing controller.
9. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic control pin (23) is disposed in the centre of the secondary member (5).
10. A fuel injector according toanyofthe preceding claims, characterized in that the check valves (25) are arranged inside the inlets (27) for the pressure medium.
11. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic medium is arranged to be fed to the hydraulic control pin (23) through bore-holes (16, 18) in the injection pump's drive shaft (6) and in the secondary member respectively.
12. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that that end portion of each of the slidable hydraulic tappets (24) that protrudes from its respective bore in the secondary member (5) is held in a respective one of two recesses in the primary member (4).
13. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic control pin (23), when in its inoperative position, closes the hydraulic-fluid outlets (28) of both hydraulic tappets (24) and opens their inlets (27).
14. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic control pin (23), when it is displaced towards the injection pump, closes the inlet (27) of one of the hydraulic tappets (24) and opens the same tappet's (24) outlet (28) and simultaneously opens the inlet (27) of the other, oppositely located, hydraulic tappet (24) and closes the outlet associated with the last mentioned tappet (24) and vice versa.
15. A fuel injector according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the path of the hydraulic control pin's (23) axial displacement is convertible through a tongue-shaped sheet-metal shackle (22) fastened to and rotatable with the secondary member into a non-rotating displacement path directly on the axis (12) of the timing controller's drive shaft (12).
16. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement path on the axis (12) of the timing controller for the purpose of actuating the hydraulic control pin (23) is determined by a separate control element which is operable via an intensifier-like hollow chamber (3), and is disposed in or attached to the casing (10) of the timing controller, by a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure medium, and in that the electronic regulator (1) controls the pressure of the pressure medium.
17. A fuel injector according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic system used is connected to the lubricating-oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.
EP85100356A 1984-02-13 1985-01-15 Fuel injection device with injection timing control for air-compressing, self-igniting engines Expired EP0151943B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3405025 1984-02-13
DE19843405025 DE3405025A1 (en) 1984-02-13 1984-02-13 FUEL INJECTION DEVICE WITH INJECTION TIMING ADJUSTMENT FOR AIR COMPRESSING, SELF-IGNITIONING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0151943A2 EP0151943A2 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0151943A3 EP0151943A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0151943B1 true EP0151943B1 (en) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=6227543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85100356A Expired EP0151943B1 (en) 1984-02-13 1985-01-15 Fuel injection device with injection timing control for air-compressing, self-igniting engines

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EP (1) EP0151943B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3405025A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3709001A (en) * 1970-07-06 1973-01-09 Diesel Kiki Co Hydraulic-type fuel-injection automatic timer
GB1357534A (en) * 1970-09-30 1974-06-26 Simms Group Research Dev Ltd Drive couplings
IT965124B (en) * 1972-08-25 1974-01-31 Fiat Spa ADVANCE VARIATOR WITH ELECTRONIC CONTROL FOR INJECTION PUMPS
DE2817774A1 (en) * 1978-04-22 1979-10-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC SPEED-DEPENDENT CHANGE OF THE INJECTION TIME OF THE INJECTION PUMP OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE
JPS5536920U (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-03-10
GB2029934B (en) * 1978-05-30 1982-12-22 Sanwa Seiki Mfg Co Ltd Injection timing control systems for fuel injection pump for engine
DE2825326A1 (en) * 1978-06-09 1979-12-20 Daimler Benz Ag TORQUE TRANSFER DEVICE
DE2826801A1 (en) * 1978-06-19 1980-01-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert INJECTION TIMING ADJUSTMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
US4294218A (en) * 1978-10-26 1981-10-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Differential timing altering mechanism for fuel injectors
DE2932672A1 (en) * 1979-08-11 1981-02-26 Daimler Benz Ag HYDRAULIC SPRAY ADJUSTER FOR HIGH PRESSURE INJECTION SYSTEMS FOR SELF-IGNITIONING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
JPS5749029A (en) * 1980-09-08 1982-03-20 Isuzu Motors Ltd Phase angle adjusting device
DE3101167A1 (en) * 1981-01-16 1982-08-26 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen "ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED SPRAY ADJUSTER"
GB2123493B (en) * 1982-07-15 1986-03-19 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection pumping apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3405025A1 (en) 1985-08-14
EP0151943A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0151943A2 (en) 1985-08-21
DE3561343D1 (en) 1988-02-11

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