EP0151900A2 - Process of manufacturing a lengthwise impervious cable - Google Patents

Process of manufacturing a lengthwise impervious cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0151900A2
EP0151900A2 EP84730151A EP84730151A EP0151900A2 EP 0151900 A2 EP0151900 A2 EP 0151900A2 EP 84730151 A EP84730151 A EP 84730151A EP 84730151 A EP84730151 A EP 84730151A EP 0151900 A2 EP0151900 A2 EP 0151900A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow bodies
cable core
filling
cable
substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84730151A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0151900B1 (en
EP0151900A3 (en
Inventor
Roland Dipl. -Ing. Knoch
Horst Dr. Rer. Nat. Obermeyer
Reiner Ing. Grad. Schneider
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT84730151T priority Critical patent/ATE28530T1/en
Publication of EP0151900A2 publication Critical patent/EP0151900A2/en
Publication of EP0151900A3 publication Critical patent/EP0151900A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0151900B1 publication Critical patent/EP0151900B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/32—Filling or coating with impervious material
    • H01B13/322—Filling or coating with impervious material the material being a liquid, jelly-like or viscous substance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/285—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/285—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable
    • H01B7/2855—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable by completely or partially filling interstices in the cable using foamed plastic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a longitudinally sealed electrical and / or optical cable, in particular a communication cable, by filling the cable core with a filling compound which consists of a mixture of a water-repellent, wax-like substance (e.g. petrolatum) with micro-small hollow bodies there is elastic plastic.
  • a filling compound which consists of a mixture of a water-repellent, wax-like substance (e.g. petrolatum) with micro-small hollow bodies there is elastic plastic.
  • the filling compound called petrolat which has a dielectric constant of about 2.3, increases the operating capacity of cables filled with it by about 20%.
  • Particularly good results are achieved with a filling compound made of petrolatum and micro-small hollow bodies, in which the wall of the hollow body is made of an elastic one
  • the hollow bodies can be compressed under the influence of greater forces to a volume which is less than half of the original volume and which, when these forces are no longer present, assume their original volume and shape again (DE-PS 31 50 909).
  • the spatial extent of individual undeformed hollow bodies is less than 100 pm.
  • Hollow bodies of this type are produced by means of special processes from plastics on the basis of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer, the process being carried out in such a way that isobutane as the propellant gas has entered the hollow bodies and the hollow bodies have an average spatial extent (diameter) of 10 pm.
  • the foaming process in which the volume of the hollow bodies increases approximately 10 to 100 times, is then carried out with the supply of thermal energy.
  • DE-OS 20 21 726 it is also known to mix the petrolatum with non-foamed hollow micro-bodies and to foam the hollow bodies only after the mixing process.
  • High-pair cables continue to grow filled with pure petroleum jelly, the viscosity of which can be varied within wide limits due to temperature changes and which, when cooled - i.e. at room temperature - is as tough as wax.
  • the pure petrolat liquefied by heating can penetrate well into all cavities of the cable core due to its then low viscosity.
  • the viscosity increases sharply with increasing concentration of the filler (hollow body), especially in the case of a high proportion of hollow bodies, the liquefaction of the petrolate component alone means that the viscosity can no longer be brought up to those values which are necessary for the penetration of the filler into the cavities of high-pair souls.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for filling the mass of the type mentioned at the outset, which also allows filling of high-pair cables with this mass.
  • a mixed with foamable plastic hollow bodies heated to a temperature below which triggers the foaming of the hollow bodies, water-repellent substance is filled into the cable core and the foaming of the hollow plastic bodies is effected there by supplying additional amounts of heat.
  • the water-repellent, wax-like substance will be selected so that it releases propellant gas emerging from the hollow body during the expansion process. This prevents unwanted gas pockets in the filling compound.
  • the invention thus conveys to the professional world the teaching that the water-repellent, wax-like substance should not be mixed with already foamed hollow bodies, but instead used hollow bodies which are still foamable and therefore have a much smaller volume than already foamed hollow bodies and are therefore also much easier let it mix with the water-repellent substance.
  • a filling compound initially largely retains the physical properties, in particular the viscosity, of the pure substance, because the volume fraction of the expandable hollow bodies in the filling compound can overall remain very low. Similar to the pure substance, this filling compound can be brought into a practically liquid state by increasing the temperature, it being only necessary to note that when this compound is heated, the foaming temperature of the hollow body must not be reached.
  • the unexpanded hollow bodies are also mechanically much more resistant than foamed hollow bodies, which is of great importance for the stresses when working, mixing and filling the mass; This is because the hollow bodies are subjected to high mechanical loads, particularly in the pump, especially when the mass is required. Such a high mechanical load also occurs in heat exchangers and during the actual filling process, especially when penetrating the narrow gaps in the cable core.
  • the hollow bodies mixed with the water-repellent substance expand only after additional heat has been added.
  • the cellular gas content of the filling compound is increased in such a way that at least as low values of the dielectric constant are achieved as in the previously mentioned known filling compounds of low dielectric constant.
  • the point in time at which the hollow bodies expand, namely after the filling process has ended, can also be favorably influenced by counteracting the premature expansion tendency with the pressure to be applied during filling.
  • the expansion of the hollow bodies within the cable core reliably fills all of their cavities.
  • the expansion also leads to a residual pressure in the soul, which is suitable to compensate for any volume shrinkage of the filling compound when it cools down.
  • the diameter of the cable core can be fixed by spinning with a holding spiral before adding the additional amount of heat.
  • Filling with the new filling compound can also be carried out in such a way that the filling compound formed from the water-repellent substance and foamable hollow bodies is supplied under pressure shortly before filling with heat energy in the amount required to foam all the hollow bodies at atmospheric pressure and so heated mixture while maintaining the pressure in the cable core is filled.
  • the supply of the required amount of heat is easier, and it is not necessary to pay strict attention to the fact that the filling temperature of the filling compound is not exceeded before filling.
  • the method only presupposes that the storage containers in front of the actual filling system are constructed in such a way that they can also be put under increased pressure.
  • the expansion of the hollow body will take place in this case, as in the previously mentioned method, when leaving the filling chamber due to the decrease in pressure caused thereby.
  • the cable core will be preheated as a precaution to prevent the filling compound from cooling down when it is filled into the cable core.
  • pure petroleum jelly as is usually used for the longitudinal sealing of cables, is mixed with expandable hollow bodies, the wall of which preferably consists of a polyvinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, in an amount of 2-5 percent by volume.
  • the filling material thus produced is brought to a temperature below the expansion temperature, e.g. B. heated to less than 85 ° C, placed in a practically liquid state and filled in this state with the help of known filling devices, usually under pressure, into the cable core passing through the filling device.
  • the cable core can be preheated in a suitable manner immediately before entering the filling device in such a way that the heat energy supplied can cause the temperature of the filling compound to rise above the expansion temperature (for example about 100 ° C.).
  • the time of the onset of expansion of the hollow body can be selected by the selected filling pressure of e.g. B. 5 to 15 bar until the thin liquid filling compound with the unexpanded hollow bodies has entered all the cavities of the cable core.
  • the heat energy required for the temperature increase can also only after the filling process, for. B. can be supplied by applying RF energy to the filled cable core. It goes without saying that combinations of the possibilities mentioned here are also conceivable.
  • the diameter of the cable core will be stabilized by applying a holding helix. With the help of suitable scrapers you will remove the excess mass before further processing the soul and, if necessary, for filling z. B. use low-pair cables.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method of manufacturing an electrical and/or optical cable which is impervious in the longitudinal direction, in particular but not exclusively a communications cable, by filling the cable core with a filler composition which consists of a mixture of a water-repellent, wax-like substance, e.g. petrolatum, with minute hollow bodies consisting of elastic synthetic resin material, characterised in that a water-repellent, wax-like substance which is mixed with foamable synthetic resin hollow bodies and is heated to a temperature below the temperature which triggers the foaming of the hollow bodies, is poured into the cable core, where the foaming of the synthetic resin hollow bodies is initiated by the supply of additional amounts of heat.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines längsdichten elektrischen und/oder optischen Kabels, insbesondere eines Nachrichtenkabels, durch Füllen der Kabelseele mit einer Füllmasse, die aus einer Mischung einer wasserabstoßenden, wachsartigen Substanz (z. B. Petrolat) mit mikrokleinen Hohlkörpern aus elastischem Kunststoff besteht.The invention relates to a method for producing a longitudinally sealed electrical and / or optical cable, in particular a communication cable, by filling the cable core with a filling compound which consists of a mixture of a water-repellent, wax-like substance (e.g. petrolatum) with micro-small hollow bodies there is elastic plastic.

Bei Kabeln besteht die Gefahr, daß sich die bei einer Beschädigung des Kabelmantels eindringende Feuchtigkeit längs des Kabels ausbreiten kann und so die elektrischen Eigenschaften des Kabels nachhaltig verschlechtert werden. Dieses Problem ist sei längerer Zeit bekannt. Es gibt daher zahlreiche Vorschläge, wie man dem Vordringen des Wassers in der Kabelseele Einhalt gebieten kann. Aus diesen Vorschlägen hat sich in letzter Zeit mit recht gutem Erfolg das Füllen von Kabeln mit kunststoffisolierten Adern, insbesondere von Nachrichtenkabeln, mit einer als Petrolat bezeichneten wachsartigen Masse durchgesetzt (GB-PS 987 508).In the case of cables, there is a risk that the moisture penetrating if the cable sheath is damaged can spread along the cable and the electrical properties of the cable can be permanently impaired. This problem has been known for a long time. There are therefore numerous suggestions on how to stop the penetration of water in the cable core. From these proposals, the filling of cables with plastic-insulated cores, in particular communication cables, with a wax-like mass called petrolat has recently become quite successful (GB-PS 987 508).

Die als Petrolat bezeichnete Füllmasse, die eine Dielektrizitätszahl von etwa 2,3 hat, setzt aber die Betriebskapazität von damit gefüllten Kabeln um ungefähr 20 % herauf. em Grunde ist bereits vor einiger Zeit vorgeschlagen worden, dieser Füllmasse mikrokleine Hohlkörper beizumischen, um so gasgefüllte, abgekapselte Bereiche im Kabel zu schaffen und damit die Dielektrizitätszahl-zu verbessern (DE-PS 19 36 872). Besonders gute Erfolge werden mit einer Füllmasse aus Petrolat und mikrokleinen Hohlkörpern erzielt, bei der die Wandung der Hohlkörper aus einem elastischen Stoff solcher Art besteht, daß sich die Hohlkörper unter dem Einfluß größerer Kräfte auf ein Volumen zusammendrücken lassen, das geringer als die Hälfte des Ursprungsvolumens ist und die bei nicht mehr Vorhandensein dieser Kräfte ihr ursprüngliches Volumen und ihre Gestalt wieder annehmen (DE-PS 31 50 909). Dabei liegt die räumliche Ausdehnung einzelner nicht verformter Hohlkörper unter 100 pm.However, the filling compound called petrolat, which has a dielectric constant of about 2.3, increases the operating capacity of cables filled with it by about 20%. Basically, it was proposed some time ago to add micro-small hollow bodies to this filling compound, in order to create gas-filled, encapsulated areas in the cable and thus to improve the dielectric constant (DE-PS 19 36 872). Particularly good results are achieved with a filling compound made of petrolatum and micro-small hollow bodies, in which the wall of the hollow body is made of an elastic one Such a material exists that the hollow bodies can be compressed under the influence of greater forces to a volume which is less than half of the original volume and which, when these forces are no longer present, assume their original volume and shape again (DE-PS 31 50 909). The spatial extent of individual undeformed hollow bodies is less than 100 pm.

Derartige Hohlkörper werden nach speziellen Verfahren aus Kunststoffen auf der Basis von Polyvinylidenchlorid-Copolymer hergestellt, wobei das Verfahren so geführt wird, daß in die Hohlkörper Isobutan als Treibgas gelangt ist und die Hohlkörper eine durchschnittliche räumliche Ausdehnung (Durchmesser) von 10 pm aufweisen. Unter Zufuhr von Wärmeenergie wird dann der Aufschäumprozeß durchgeführt, bei dem sich das Volumen der Hohlkörper etwa auf das 10 - 100fache vergrößert.Hollow bodies of this type are produced by means of special processes from plastics on the basis of polyvinylidene chloride copolymer, the process being carried out in such a way that isobutane as the propellant gas has entered the hollow bodies and the hollow bodies have an average spatial extent (diameter) of 10 pm. The foaming process, in which the volume of the hollow bodies increases approximately 10 to 100 times, is then carried out with the supply of thermal energy.

Eine,Füllmasse mit den zuvor erwähnten Eigenschaften, die eine Dielektrizitätszahl von etwa 1,6 bis 1,3 aufweist, hat man bisher in der Weise hergestellt, daß Hohlkörper auf Kunststoffbasis zunächst aufgeschäumt und dann mit Petrolat vermischt werden. Es ist aber auch bekannt (DE-OS 20 21 726), das Petrolat mit unverschäumten Mikrohohlkörpern zu mischen und erst nach dem Mischprozeß die Hohlkörper aufzuschäumen.A filling compound with the properties mentioned above, which has a dielectric constant of about 1.6 to 1.3, has so far been produced in such a way that plastic-based hollow bodies are first foamed and then mixed with petroleum jelly. However, it is also known (DE-OS 20 21 726) to mix the petrolatum with non-foamed hollow micro-bodies and to foam the hollow bodies only after the mixing process.

Das bisher noch nicht befriedigend gelöste Problem bei einer solchen Füllmasse, die man auch als syntaktischen Schaum bezeichnet, besteht darin, sie in alle Hohlräume der Kabelseele bzw. des Kabels einzubringen. Diese Forderung ist besonders bei Kabeln mit sehr vielen Adern, deren Durchmesser sehr klein ist, d. h. bei sogenannten hochpaarigen Kabeln, schwer zu erfüllen.The problem that has not yet been solved satisfactorily with such a filling compound, which is also referred to as syntactic foam, consists in introducing it into all cavities in the cable core or the cable. This requirement is particularly important for cables with a large number of wires, the diameter of which is very small. H. with so-called high-pair cables, difficult to meet.

Daher hat man bisher nur niederpaarige Kabel mit der neuen Füllmasse gefüllt. Hochpaarige Kabel werden dagegen weiterhin mit reinem Petrolat gefüllt, dessen Viskosität durch Temperaturänderungen in weiten Grenzen variiert werden kann und das im abgekühlten Zustand - also etwa bei Raumtemperatur - zäh wie Wachs ist.Therefore, so far only low-pair cables have been filled with the new filling compound. High-pair cables, on the other hand, continue to grow filled with pure petroleum jelly, the viscosity of which can be varied within wide limits due to temperature changes and which, when cooled - i.e. at room temperature - is as tough as wax.

Das durch Erwärmen verflüssigte, reine Petrolat kann aufgrund seiner dann niedrigen Viskosität gut in alle Hohlräume der Kabelseele eindringen. Bei Füllmassen, die aus syntaktischen Schäumen bestehen, steigt mit wachsender Konzentration des Füllstoffes (Hohlkörper) die Viskosität stark an, wobei insbesondere bei hohem Hohlkörperanteil allein durch Verflüssigung der Petrolatkomponente die Viskosität nicht mehr auf solche Werte gebracht werden kann, die für das Eindringen der Füllmasse in die Hohlräume hochpaariger Seelen erforderlich wäre.The pure petrolat liquefied by heating can penetrate well into all cavities of the cable core due to its then low viscosity. In the case of fillers consisting of syntactic foams, the viscosity increases sharply with increasing concentration of the filler (hollow body), especially in the case of a high proportion of hollow bodies, the liquefaction of the petrolate component alone means that the viscosity can no longer be brought up to those values which are necessary for the penetration of the filler into the cavities of high-pair souls.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Einfüllen der Masse der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die auch ein Füllen hochpaariger Kabel mit dieser Masse erlaubt. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß eine mit aufschäumbaren Kunststoffhohlkörpern vermischtes, auf eine unterhalb der die Aufschäumung der Hohlkörper auslösenden Temperatur erwärmte wasserabweisende Substanz in die Kabelseele gefüllt und die Aufschäumung der Kunststoffhohlkörper dort durch Zufuhr zusätzlicher Wärmemengen bewirkt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for filling the mass of the type mentioned at the outset, which also allows filling of high-pair cables with this mass. To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that a mixed with foamable plastic hollow bodies, heated to a temperature below which triggers the foaming of the hollow bodies, water-repellent substance is filled into the cable core and the foaming of the hollow plastic bodies is effected there by supplying additional amounts of heat.

Dabei wird man die wasserabweisende, wachsartige Substanz so auswählen, daß sie aus dem Hohlkörper beim Expansionsprozeß austretendes Treibgas löst. Dadurch werden unerwünschte Gasnester in der Füllmasse verhindert. Außerdem kann man problemlos brennbares Treibgas verwenden, weil wegen der Sorption des Gases von der wasserabweisenden Substanz kein zündbares Gasgemisch entstehen kann.The water-repellent, wax-like substance will be selected so that it releases propellant gas emerging from the hollow body during the expansion process. This prevents unwanted gas pockets in the filling compound. In addition, one can use combustible propellant gas without any problems because, due to the sorption of the gas by the water-repellent substance, no ignitable gas mixture can arise.

Die Erfindung vermittelt so der Fachwelt die Lehre, die wasserabweisende, wachsartige Substanz nicht mit bereits aufgeschäumten Hohlkörpern zu mischen, sondern anstelle dessen Hohlkörper zu verwenden, die noch aufschäumbar sind und daher ein wesentlich geringeres Volumen aufweisen als bereits aufgeschäumte Hohlkörper und sich daher auch viel leichter mit der wasserabweisenden Substanz mischen lassen. Eine solche Füllmasse behält zunächst weitgehend die physikalischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere der Viskosität, der reinen Substanz, weil der Volumenanteil der expandierbaren Hohlkörper an der Füllmasse insgesamt sehr gering bleiben kann. Diese Füllmasse kann also ähnlich wie die reine Substanz durch Temperaturerhöhung in einen praktisch flüssigen Zustand gebracht werden, wobei lediglich zu beachten ist, daß beim Erwärmen dieser Masse die Verschäumtemperatur der Hohlkörper nicht erreicht werden darf.The invention thus conveys to the professional world the teaching that the water-repellent, wax-like substance should not be mixed with already foamed hollow bodies, but instead used hollow bodies which are still foamable and therefore have a much smaller volume than already foamed hollow bodies and are therefore also much easier let it mix with the water-repellent substance. Such a filling compound initially largely retains the physical properties, in particular the viscosity, of the pure substance, because the volume fraction of the expandable hollow bodies in the filling compound can overall remain very low. Similar to the pure substance, this filling compound can be brought into a practically liquid state by increasing the temperature, it being only necessary to note that when this compound is heated, the foaming temperature of the hollow body must not be reached.

Die nicht expandierten Hohlkörper sind außerdem mechanisch erheblich widerstandsfähiger als aufgeschäumte Hohlkörper, was für die Beanspruchungen beim Bearbeiten, Mischen und Einfüllen der Masse von großer Bedeutung ist; denn gerade beim Fordern der Masse werden die Hohlkörper insbesondere in der Pumpe mechanisch.hoch belastet. Eine solche hohe mechanische Belastung tritt auch in Wärmetauschern und beim -eigentlichen Füllprozeß auf, insbesondere beim Durchdringen der engen Spalte in der Kabelseele.The unexpanded hollow bodies are also mechanically much more resistant than foamed hollow bodies, which is of great importance for the stresses when working, mixing and filling the mass; This is because the hollow bodies are subjected to high mechanical loads, particularly in the pump, especially when the mass is required. Such a high mechanical load also occurs in heat exchangers and during the actual filling process, especially when penetrating the narrow gaps in the cable core.

Erst nach dem Zuführen zusätzlicher Wärmemenge expandieren die mit der wassereabweisenden Substanz gemischten Hohlkörper. Dabei wird der zellulare Gasanteil der Füllmasse so erhöht, daß.mindesten so niedrige Werte der Dielektrizitätszahl erreicht werden wie bei den zuvor erwähnten bekannten Füllmassen niedriger Dielektrizitätszahl.The hollow bodies mixed with the water-repellent substance expand only after additional heat has been added. The cellular gas content of the filling compound is increased in such a way that at least as low values of the dielectric constant are achieved as in the previously mentioned known filling compounds of low dielectric constant.

Den Zeitpunkt des Expandierens der Hohlkörper, nämlich nach Beendigung des Füllvorganges, kann man dabei auch dadurch günstig beeinflussen, daß man mit dem beim Füllen aufzubringenden Druck der vorzeitigen Expansionstendenz entgegenwirkt. Durch die Expansion der Hohlkörper innerhalb der Kabelseele werden alle ihre Hohlräume zuverlässig ausgefüllt. Die Expansion führt außerdem zu einem Restdruck in der Seele, der geeignet ist, einen eventuellen Volumenschrumpf der Füllmasse bei ihrem Erkalten zu kompensieren.The point in time at which the hollow bodies expand, namely after the filling process has ended, can also be favorably influenced by counteracting the premature expansion tendency with the pressure to be applied during filling. The expansion of the hollow bodies within the cable core reliably fills all of their cavities. The expansion also leads to a residual pressure in the soul, which is suitable to compensate for any volume shrinkage of the filling compound when it cools down.

Bei der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann man so verfahren, daß die Zufuhr einer zusätzlichen Wärmemenge durch Vorwärmung der Leiter der Kabelseele erfolgt oder daß der gefüllten Kabelseele nach Verlassen der Fülleinrichtung eine zusätzliche Wärmemehge über eine Hochfrequenzanlage zugeführt wird.In the embodiment of the invention, one can proceed in such a way that the supply of an additional quantity of heat takes place by preheating the conductors of the cable core or that the filled cable core is supplied with an additional quantity of heat via a high-frequency system after leaving the filling device.

Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Formen der Wärmeenergie oder verschiedene Kombinationen beim Erzeugen der zusätzlichen Wärmeenergie denkbar.Of course, other forms of thermal energy or different combinations for generating the additional thermal energy are also conceivable.

Um beim Expandieren der Hohlkörper den Durchmesser der Kabelseele nicht nachteilig zu beeinflussen, kann man vor dem Zuführen der zusätzlichen Wärmemenge den Durchmesser der Kabelseele durch Bespinnen mit einer Haltewendel fixieren.In order not to adversely affect the diameter of the cable core when expanding the hollow body, the diameter of the cable core can be fixed by spinning with a holding spiral before adding the additional amount of heat.

Man kann das Füllen mit der neuen Füllmasse aber auch so durchführen, daß der aus der wassserabweisenden Substanz und verschäumbaren Hohlkörpern gebildeten Füllmasse unter Druck kurz vor dem Füllen Wärmeenergie in der Menge zugeführt wird, die bei Atmosphärendruck zum Aufschäumen aller Hohlkörper erforderlich ist und daß die so erwärmte Mischung unter Beibehaltung des Druckes in die Kabelseele gefüllt wird. Auf diese Weise ist die Zufuhr der erforderlichen Wärmemenge leichter möglich, und es braucht vor dem Füllen auch nicht streng auf die Unterschreitung der Aufschäumtemperatur der Füllmasse geachtet zu werden. Das Verfahren setzt lediglich voraus, daß die Vorratsbehälter vor der eigentlichen Füllanlage so konstruiert sind, daß sie ebenfalls unter einen erhöhten Druck gesetzt werden können. Die Expansion der Hohlkörper wird in diesem Falle wie im zuvor erwähnten Verfahren beim Verlassen der Füllkammer durch die dadurch bedingte Druckabnahme erfolgen. Auch in diesem Falle wird man vorsorglich die Kabelseele einer Vorerwärmung unterwerfen, um ein Abkühlen der Füllmasse beim Einfüllen in die Kabelseele zu verhindern.Filling with the new filling compound can also be carried out in such a way that the filling compound formed from the water-repellent substance and foamable hollow bodies is supplied under pressure shortly before filling with heat energy in the amount required to foam all the hollow bodies at atmospheric pressure and so heated mixture while maintaining the pressure in the cable core is filled. In this way, the supply of the required amount of heat is easier, and it is not necessary to pay strict attention to the fact that the filling temperature of the filling compound is not exceeded before filling. The method only presupposes that the storage containers in front of the actual filling system are constructed in such a way that they can also be put under increased pressure. The expansion of the hollow body will take place in this case, as in the previously mentioned method, when leaving the filling chamber due to the decrease in pressure caused thereby. In this case too, the cable core will be preheated as a precaution to prevent the filling compound from cooling down when it is filled into the cable core.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Beispieles im einzelnen erläutert.The invention is explained in detail using an example.

Zunächst werden reinem Petrolat, wie es üblicherweise zum Längsdichten von Kabeln Verwendung findet, epandierbare Hohlkörper, deren Wandung vorzugsweise aus einem Polyvinylidenchlorid-Acrylnitril-Copolymer besteht, in einer Menge von 2 - 5 Volumenprozent beigemischt. Die so hergestellte Füllmasse wird auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Expansionstemperatur, z. B. kleiner als 85 °C, erwärmt, dabei in einen praktisch flüssigen Zustand versetzt und in diesem Zustand mit Hilfe bekannter Füllvorrichtungen meist unter Druck in die die Füllvorrichtung durchlaufende Kabelseele eingefüllt. Dabei kann die Kabelseele unmittelbar vor dem Einlaufen in die Füllvorrichtung in geeigneter Weise derart vorgewärmt werden, daß die zugeführte Wärmeenergie die Temperatur der Füllmasse über die Expansionstemperatur (z. B. etwa 100 °C) steigen lassen kann. Der Zeitpunkt der einsetzenden Expansion der Hohlkörper kann durch den gewählten Fülldurck von z. B. 5 bis 15 bar solange hinausgeschoben werden, bis die dünnflüssige Füllmasse mit den noch nicht expandierten Hohlkörpern in alle Hohlräume der Kabelseele gelangt ist.First of all, pure petroleum jelly, as is usually used for the longitudinal sealing of cables, is mixed with expandable hollow bodies, the wall of which preferably consists of a polyvinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, in an amount of 2-5 percent by volume. The filling material thus produced is brought to a temperature below the expansion temperature, e.g. B. heated to less than 85 ° C, placed in a practically liquid state and filled in this state with the help of known filling devices, usually under pressure, into the cable core passing through the filling device. The cable core can be preheated in a suitable manner immediately before entering the filling device in such a way that the heat energy supplied can cause the temperature of the filling compound to rise above the expansion temperature (for example about 100 ° C.). The time of the onset of expansion of the hollow body can be selected by the selected filling pressure of e.g. B. 5 to 15 bar until the thin liquid filling compound with the unexpanded hollow bodies has entered all the cavities of the cable core.

Die für die Temperatursteigerung erforderlich Wärmeenergie kann aber auch erst nach beendetem Füllvorgang z. B. durch Beaufschlagung der gefüllten Kabelseele mit HF-Energie zugeführt werden. Es versteht sich, daß auch Kombinationen der hier erwähnten Möglichkeiten denkbar sind.The heat energy required for the temperature increase can also only after the filling process, for. B. can be supplied by applying RF energy to the filled cable core. It goes without saying that combinations of the possibilities mentioned here are also conceivable.

Unmittelbar vor oder beim Einsetzen des Expansionsprozesses wird man den Durchmesser der Kabelseele durch Aufbringen einer Haltewendel stabilisieren. Mit Hilfe geeigneter Abstreifer wird man die überschüssige Masse vor der Weiterbehandlung der Seele entfernen und gegebenenfalls zum Füllen z. B. niederpaariger Kabel verwenden.Immediately before or when the expansion process begins, the diameter of the cable core will be stabilized by applying a holding helix. With the help of suitable scrapers you will remove the excess mass before further processing the soul and, if necessary, for filling z. B. use low-pair cables.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines längsdichten elektrischen und/oder optischen Kabels, insbesondere eines Nachrichtenkabels, durch Füllen der Kabelseele mit einer Füllmasse, die aus einer Mischung einer wasserabstoßenden, wachsartigen Substanz (z. B. Petrolat) mit mikrokleinen Hohlkörpern aus elastischem Kunststoff besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß eine mit aufschäumbaren Kunststoffhohlkörpern vermischte, auf eine unterhalb der die Aufschäumung der Hohlkörper auslösenden Temperatur erwärmte wasserabstoßende, wachsartige Substanz in die Kabelseele gefüllt und die Aufschäumung der Kunststoffhohlkörper dort durch Zufuhr zusätzlicher Wärmemengen bewirkt wird.1. A method for producing a longitudinally sealed electrical and / or optical cable, in particular a communication cable, by filling the cable core with a filling compound which consists of a mixture of a water-repellent, wax-like substance (e.g. petrolatum) with micro-small hollow bodies made of elastic plastic, characterized in that a mixed with foamable plastic hollow bodies, heated to a temperature below which triggers the foaming of the hollow bodies, water-repellent, wax-like substance is filled into the cable core and the foaming of the hollow plastic bodies is effected there by supplying additional amounts of heat. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die wasserabweisende, wachsartige Substanz so gewählt ist, daß sie aus den Hohlkörpern beim Expansionsprozeß austretendes Treibgas löst.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-repellent, wax-like substance is selected so that it releases propellant gas emerging from the hollow bodies during the expansion process. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Zufuhr einer zusätzlichen Wärmemenge durch Vorwärmung der Leiter der Kabelseele erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of an additional amount of heat takes place by preheating the conductor of the cable core. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der gefüllten Kabelseele nach Verlassen der Fülleinrichtung eine zusätzliche Wärmemenge über eine Hochfrequenzanlage zugeführt wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filled cable core after leaving the filling device, an additional amount of heat is supplied via a high-frequency system. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem Zuführen der zusätzlichen Wärmemenge der Durchmesser der Kabelseele durch Bespinnen mit einer Haltewendel fixiert wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the cable core is fixed by spinning with a holding spiral before supplying the additional amount of heat. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der aus Petrolat und verschäumbaren Hohlkörpern gebildeten Füllmasse unter Druck kurz vor dem Füllvorgang Wärmeenergie in der Menge zugeführt wird, die bei Atmosphärendruck zum Aufschäumen aller Hohlkörper erforderlich ist und daß die so erwärmte Petrolatmischung unter Beibehaltung des erhöhten Druckes in die Kabelseele gefüllt wird.6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling material formed from petroleum jelly and foamable hollow bodies is supplied under pressure shortly before the filling process, thermal energy in the amount required at atmospheric pressure for foaming all hollow bodies and that the petroleum mixture so heated while maintaining the increased pressure is filled into the cable core.
EP84730151A 1984-02-06 1984-12-21 Process of manufacturing a lengthwise impervious cable Expired EP0151900B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84730151T ATE28530T1 (en) 1984-02-06 1984-12-21 METHOD OF MAKING A LONGITUDINALLY WATERPROOF CABLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19843404488 DE3404488A1 (en) 1984-02-06 1984-02-06 METHOD AND FILLING SUBSTANCE FOR PRODUCING A LONG-TERM WATERPROOF CABLE
DE3404488 1984-02-06

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EP0151900A2 true EP0151900A2 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0151900A3 EP0151900A3 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0151900B1 EP0151900B1 (en) 1987-07-22

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AT (1) ATE28530T1 (en)
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EP0271171A1 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-15 Lantor B.V. Expandable tape for cables, the use thereof, and cables
FR2609835A1 (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-07-22 Nordlys SEALING MATERIAL AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE CABLE INDUSTRY
WO2000036614A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab A method and a device for protecting a vehicle cabling in a vehicle
NL1014829C2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2001-10-04 Lantor Bv Cable tie and method for manufacturing a cable tie.

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DE3431617A1 (en) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-06 Fa. Lisa Dräxlmaier, 8313 Vilsbiburg Moisture-proof line bushing
DE3631250C2 (en) * 1986-09-13 1994-03-24 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Flame retardant indoor cable

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FR2120870A5 (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-08-18 Dow Chemical Co
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DE3150909A1 (en) * 1981-12-18 1983-07-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Filling substance for the longitudinal sealing of electrical and/or optical cables and lines

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FR1564336A (en) * 1967-05-23 1969-04-18
DE1936872A1 (en) * 1969-07-15 1971-03-18 Siemens Ag Preventing moisture ingress between - plastics insulated cores of telecommunicati
DE2019074A1 (en) * 1970-04-21 1971-11-11 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Insulated telephone cable
DE2021726A1 (en) * 1970-05-04 1971-12-02 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Insulated telephone cable - with core - jacket interstices - filled with polystyrene foam in wax/vaseline mass
FR2120870A5 (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-08-18 Dow Chemical Co
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EP0271171A1 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-15 Lantor B.V. Expandable tape for cables, the use thereof, and cables
AU598327B2 (en) * 1986-12-11 1990-06-21 Lantor B.V. Expandable tape for cables, the use thereof, and cables
FR2609835A1 (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-07-22 Nordlys SEALING MATERIAL AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE CABLE INDUSTRY
EP0279718A1 (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-08-24 NORDLYS, Société Anonyme dite: Water-tight material and its use in the cable industry
WO2000036614A1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-22 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab A method and a device for protecting a vehicle cabling in a vehicle
NL1014829C2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2001-10-04 Lantor Bv Cable tie and method for manufacturing a cable tie.
WO2001075906A1 (en) * 2000-04-03 2001-10-11 Lantor B.V. Cable tape and method for manufacturing a cable tape
AU773153B2 (en) * 2000-04-03 2004-05-20 Lantor B.V. Cable tape and method for manufacturing a cable tape

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3464979D1 (en) 1987-08-27
EP0151900B1 (en) 1987-07-22
EP0151900A3 (en) 1985-09-18
DE3404488A1 (en) 1985-08-08
ATE28530T1 (en) 1987-08-15

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