EP0149528B1 - Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen von Hauptleitungen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen von Hauptleitungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149528B1
EP0149528B1 EP85300156A EP85300156A EP0149528B1 EP 0149528 B1 EP0149528 B1 EP 0149528B1 EP 85300156 A EP85300156 A EP 85300156A EP 85300156 A EP85300156 A EP 85300156A EP 0149528 B1 EP0149528 B1 EP 0149528B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
ram
feet
wedge
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85300156A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0149528A1 (de
Inventor
Malcolm Wayman
Geoffrey Ingles Mood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lattice Intellectual Property Ltd
Original Assignee
British Gas Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Gas Corp filed Critical British Gas Corp
Publication of EP0149528A1 publication Critical patent/EP0149528A1/de
Priority to EP19850309083 priority Critical patent/EP0190502B1/de
Priority to DE8585309083T priority patent/DE3564003D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0149528B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149528B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
    • F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
    • F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
    • F16L55/1658—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section the old pipe being ruptured prior to insertion of a new pipe
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/18—Anchoring or feeding in the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the replacement or the preparation for replacement of an existing main, conduit, pipe or the like, hereinafter referred to as a « main", particularly an existing cast iron gas main.
  • Mains often have to be replaced for one or more of several reasons, for example the existing main may be deteriorating so that it is in poor condition and liable to failure, or the existing main may not be of sufficient capacity to accommodate a new load.
  • the feet are urged towards inwardly retracted positions away from the wall of the passage by leaf springs. Only a relatively small amount of relative motion is possible between the wedge and the wedge surfaces on the feet, which are separated by rollers. Accordingly, the utilisation of the ram stroke is inefficient because a substantial part of the stroke is ineffective owing to lost-motion between the wedge and the wedge surfaces on the feet and because of the need repeatedly to move the feet into engagement with the wall of the passage.
  • the feet are effective only when the inclination of the bars is in a range beyond a critical angle.
  • variations in the diameter of the passage will cause the inelination of the bars increase or to decrease to values at which the bars are not effective to lock the feet against the wall and the feet then slip.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce or eliminate those disadvantages of the previous proposals.
  • apparatus for self-propelled movement through a passage comprises a tool advanced by feet alternately forced against the wall of the passage by wedge faces and moved along the wall under the action of hydraulic ram means and is characterised in that the feet carry respective wedge faces which are in sliding engagement with each other and further characterised in that a spring keeps the feet in engagement with the wall of the passage and thus keeps the wedge faces mutually engaged.
  • the feet 64, 65 can slide along the main 2 in a forward direction only. Any loading of the devices 63 in the reverse direction locks the feet against the wall 4 of the main 2 to prevent further movement. Therefore as the ram 3 extends to the left in Figure 1B the rear feet lock to prevent any reverse movement while.the front feet ( Figure 1A) slide forward. Alternate movement of this kind causes the apparatus 1 to « walk through the main 2 and to tow anything attached to its rear end such as a breaker device 20.
  • the apparatus 1 could be used to tow through a main any suitable article such as a new main, a cable, etc and indeed any kind of device which would break open a main and replace it with a new one (not just the devices described).
  • the rear device 63 can be eliminated where the apparatus 1 is used to break open a main 2 in combination with a breaking device.
  • the rear device 63 provides the necessary resistance to backwards movement during a forward stroke of the cylinder 7. It would not be eliminated where the apparatus is being used to tow light equipment through the main. However during mains replacement the breaker device 20 itself will provide sufficient resistance to rearward movement because it will be securely trapped in the main 2.
  • FIGS 7 and 7A show one of the devices 63 in more detail and removed from the main, so that its feet, described below, are free to separate radially as far as possible.
  • the devices are the same and each comprises two feet 64, 65 and a body 66 with shackles 67 at each end for connection to the piston rod 5 or the cylinder 7 by means of pins 8 or 10 ( Figures 1A and 1 B).
  • the feet 64, 65 are of curved profile for engaging the interior surface of the wall of the main 2. As shown in Figures 1A and 1 B the foot 64 occupies a position closer to the foot 65 when the device is positioned in the main.
  • the feet 64, 65 each have an inclined support plate 68 presenting a surface 69 in sliding contact with the opposite surface 69.
  • One foot 64 has a bore 70 in which is mounted a compression spring 71 engaged around a guide pin 72.
  • the pin is mounted in a bore 73 in an end wall 74 of the body 66.
  • One end of the spring 71 is received
  • An end wall 75 opposite the wall 74, has an inclined surface which guides a nose 77 projecting from the foot 64.
  • the feet 64, 65 slide relatively to each other and the surfaces 69 are held in contact with the wall of the main, and in contact with each other, by the spring 71.
  • Each foot has a polyurethane pad 78 for engaging the wall of the main.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a breaker device like the device 20 shown in Figures 1A and 1 B.
  • the device 20 comprises a tubular body 21 housing a weight 22 which is eccentrically mounted and is rotatable on stub shafts or axles 23 and 24 by means of a motor 25 also housing in the body, by means of screws 26.
  • a driving shaft 27 of the motor 25 is in driving engagement with the axle 24.
  • the rear of the body 21 is enclosed by a frusto-conical outer steel shell 28, the body and shell being secured by screws. Also secured between the body 21 and the shell 28 are four steel blades 29 to cut the main.
  • the weight 22 is rotated on its axis and causes the conical section 28 to precess about its axis. This takes the form of a vibration which assists the device 20 in displacing outwardly any material broken up or loosened by the device 20 as it is towed forward.
  • an alternative breaker device 30 comprising a percussive breaker device, comprising a breaking head 31 which is actuated by an hydraulic ram 32.
  • the head 31 is housed in a cylindrical casing 33 in which there are slots 34 through which extend four steel breaker blades 35 which are short enough for the blades to be reciprocable within the slots 34.
  • the head 31 impacts against a resilient pad 36 held against an annular bush 37 so that the head 31 rebounds backwards after a forward stroke.
  • the head 31 has a guide pin 38 which slides within a bearing 39 in the bush 37.
  • the percussive breaker device 30 is towed forward by the traction unit 1.
  • a piston (not shown) within the ram 32 moves a body 42 which impacts the head 31, the body 32 being mounted within an annular mounting 40.
  • Either main breaker device 20 or 30 can be secured to a new main and/or liner 43, as shown in Figure 5 which shows a breaker unit 20 including attachment means for the new main/or liner 43.
  • the attachment means comprise a rearwardly extending connector in the form of a hook element 44 and clamping means in the form of a cylindrical cup 45, there being a similar, facing clamping cylindrical cup 46 at the forward end of the new main or liner 43.
  • a rotatable hook element 47 is mounted in the cup 46 by a threaded shaft 48 and a torsional element in the form of a cable 49 is connected between the hook elements 44 and 47.
  • the apparatus 1, that is the ram 3 and the breaker such as 20 or 30 are hydraulically operated.
  • a suitable circuit 50 is shown in Figure 6. Referring to Figure 6 the hydraulic circuit 50 shown provides automatic cycling of the ram 3 in the apparatus 1 and also provides activation of the mains breaking device, 20 or 30. This activation is limited to the contracting stroke of the ram 3 and only when the ram 3 has applied a certain predetermined minimum force to the breaker.
  • the hydraulic circuit 50 includes a pump 51 and a fluid reservoir 52, a spool valve assembly 53, a priority flow divider 54, a non-return valve 55 and a terminal in the breaker device 20, 30.
  • the spool valve 53 includes a reversing valve 57 for reversing fluid flow between lines a and b of the circuit 50.
  • the valve 57 moves between positions 58 and 59 to reverse flow.
  • the spool valve 53 also includes two actuating valves 60 and 61, valve 60 causing the valve 57 to change from position 58 to position 59 and valve 61 causing valve 57 to change back from position 59 to position 58.
  • a further actuating valve 56 short circuits the flow when the fluid pressure exceeds 20.7 x 10 6 N/m 2 (3 000 psi).
  • the valve 60 is actuated at 19.3 x 10 6 N/m 2 (2800'psi) and valve 11 is actuated at 18.6 x 10 6 N/m 2 (2 700 psi). These pressures can be varied to suit requirements.
  • valve 57 When the valve 57 is in position 58, the fluid flows via lines a and c into the cylinder 7 but not into the breaker 20, 30. In this case the piston rod 5 advances so that the leading device 63 ( Figure 1 B) is moved forward while the breaker device 20, ,30 is stationary and not actuated.
  • valve 57 When the valve 57 is in position 59, fluid flows into the priority flow divider 54 which directs the required flow into the breaker 20, 30 thus actuating the breaker 20, 30. The remaining fluid enters the cylinder 7 via line 62. This causes the cylinder 7 to move to the left as seen in Figures 1A and 1 B. Thus the breaker device 20, 30 is pulled forward.
  • FIG. 8A, 8B and 8C there is shown a modified breaker device 81 which has three fixed blades 82 and a movable blade 83.
  • the breaker device 81 has a substantially cylindrical body 84 having at one a towing eye 85 and at the other hydraulic connection means 86 which is connected to a hydraulic ram arrangement 87 within the body 84, the end 88 of the ram 87 remote from the hydraulic connection 86 being secured to a wedge shaped operating means 89 for the movable blade 83 which has an inclined surface 90 complementary to the wedge.
  • the movable blade 83 In the position shown the movable blade 83 is fully extended, the wedge 89 having been moved to the right as viewed to drive the movable blade 83 out of the body 84 of the breaker device.
  • the complementary surfaces of the blade and'wedge are stepped as shown so that on retraction of the wedge (to the left as viewed, Figure 8) the blade 83 effectively slides over the wedge 89 until stop surfaces 91 and 92 abut, so that the blade 83 is effectively withdrawn into the device until it is ready to be extended again on actuation of the ram arrangement under hydraulic pressure.
  • the fixed blades 82 may be orientated as shown in full lines ( Figure 8C).
  • Figures 9 and 10 show another embodiment of breaking device or burster 93.
  • This device 93 has been developed for particular applications for instance where a main to be burst is laid .in particularly hard ground or cohesive clay.
  • the device 93 is particularly suitable for such application and comprises a generally cylindrical body 94 having at its forward end a section 95 which is round at the rear (to the left as viewed) and oval at forward (to the right as viewed) end.
  • the upper part 96 (as viewed) of the forward section 95 can be moved radially outwardly (about 18 mm in the embodiment shown) by a reciprocable hydraulic cylinder and ram arrangement 97, the ram 98 having a wedge 99 secured to it, which wedge 99 .
  • the breaking device 93 has hydraulic supply Iines102 and hoses 103 to the traction unit, the lines 102 being protected by a sleeve 104 secured. to a rear boss 105 of the device by a clamp 106.
  • forward section of the breaker unit Although a particular shape of forward section of the breaker unit has been described, other shapes such as conical are possible.
  • the forward section-.95 bears a plurality of longitudinally extending sharpened blades 107 on its outer surface, which assist in the ground and/or main breaking operation. This breaking operation is effective because the expansion of the upper part 96 provides a positive crushing force over a relatively large surface area.
  • FIG 11 there is shown a hydraulic circuit 108 which operates in a similar manner to that of the circuit shown in Figure 6 and which is shown as part of apparatus as shown in Figures 7 & 7A with the movable blade breaking device 81 shown in Figures 8A, 8B and 8C, although it is equally applicable to the breaking device 93 shown in Figures 9 and 10.
  • the circuit 108 includes a hydraulic pump 109, reservoir 110 for fluid, 4 way, 2 position spool valve 111 with integral pressure reversal, non-return valve 112 and flow restrictor 113 and lines 114 and 115 to the traction apparatus 63 and breaker device 81.
  • a main pressure relief valve 116 operating at 20.7 x 10 6 N/m 2 (3 000 psi)
  • the spool valve 111 operating at 18.6 x 10 6 N/m 2 (2 700 psi).
  • the non-return valve 112 and flow restricter 113 are connected across lines 114 and 115, in parallel with the cylinders of the rams 3 and 87, respectively, of the touring apparatus/and the breaker device 81.
  • the operating sequence of the apparatus is as follows :
  • a standard 152 mm (6-inch) pig cup may be fitted between the rear traction device and the front of the breaker device to act as a seal.
  • the apparatus I may be used with any of the breaker devices as desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Vorrichtung mit Eigenantrieb für eine Vorwärtsbewegung durch einen Kanal, mit einem durch abwechselnd gegen die Wand des Kanals mittels Keilflächen (69) gedrückte Füße (64, 65) vorzutreibenden Werkzeug (20, 30), das entlang der Wand unter Einwirkung einer Hydraulik-Stö- ßeleinrichtung (3) bewegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füße (64, 65) entsprechende Keilflächen (69) tragen, die in Gleitverbindung miteinander stehen, und daß eine Feder (71) die Füße mit der Kanalwand und somit die Keilflächen (69) miteinander in Wirkverbindung hält.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeich-.. net durch mindestens drei Elemente, die hintereinander entlang dem Kanal angeordnet und mittels Schwenkverbindungen (67) aneinandergekuppelt sind, wobei das vordere Element ein Satz von Füßen (64, 65) ist, das Zwischenelement ein doppeltwirkender Hydraulikstößel (3) ist und das hintere Element ein Werkzeug (20 ; 30 ; 81 ; 93) ist.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nur drei Elemente vorgesehen sind und der Stößel (3) direkt mit dem Werkzeug (20 ; 30 ; 81) und mit dem einzigen Satz von Füßen (63) verbunden ist.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vier Elemente vorgesehen sind, wobei ein zweiter Satz von Füßen (63) sich zwischen dem Werkzeug (20 ; 30 ; 81) und dem Stößel (3) befindet.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Werkzeug (20) am vorderen Ende ein Gehäuse (21) aufweist, das ein durch einen Motor (25) um eine Achse parallel zur Vortriebsrichtung des Werkzeugs exzentrisch rotierbares Gewicht (22) enthält.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Werkzeug (30) einen Brech- oder Zerreißkopf (31) aufweist, der durch einen von einem zweiten Hydraulikstößel (32) angetriebenen Körper (42) schlagbeaufschlagt wird.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Werkzeug ' (81, 93) eine Formation (83 ; 96) aufweist, die quer zur Vortriebsrichtung des Werkzeugs durch einen Keil (89 ; 99) hin und her bewegbar ist, der seinerseits durch einen weiteren doppelt-wirkenden Hydraulikstößel (87 ; 98) parallel zur genannten Vortriebsrichtung hin und her bewegbar ist.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Hydraulikstößel (3 ; 87 ; 98) mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit von einer gemeinsamen Lieferquelle (108, 109) her parallel beliefert werden und daß der erste Stößel (3) das Werkzeug (81, 93) vortreibt, während der zweite Stößel (87 ; 98) den Keil (89 ; 99) zurückzieht.
EP85300156A 1984-01-19 1985-01-10 Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen von Hauptleitungen Expired EP0149528B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19850309083 EP0190502B1 (de) 1985-01-10 1985-12-13 Werkzeug für das Aufbrechen von Leitungen
DE8585309083T DE3564003D1 (en) 1985-01-10 1985-12-13 Mains bursting tool

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848401452A GB8401452D0 (en) 1984-01-19 1984-01-19 Replacing mains
GB8401452 1984-01-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149528A1 EP0149528A1 (de) 1985-07-24
EP0149528B1 true EP0149528B1 (de) 1987-10-21

Family

ID=10555247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85300156A Expired EP0149528B1 (de) 1984-01-19 1985-01-10 Vorrichtung zum Ersetzen von Hauptleitungen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4674914A (de)
EP (1) EP0149528B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60175892A (de)
AU (1) AU552780B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1226532A (de)
DE (1) DE3560799D1 (de)
GB (2) GB8401452D0 (de)
NZ (1) NZ210841A (de)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8944161B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2015-02-03 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools
US9228403B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2016-01-05 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Gripper assembly for downhole tools
US9488020B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2016-11-08 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Eccentric linkage gripper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60175892A (ja) 1985-09-10
US4674914A (en) 1987-06-23
GB8500565D0 (en) 1985-02-13
GB2153040A (en) 1985-08-14
NZ210841A (en) 1987-06-30
CA1226532A (en) 1987-09-08
GB8401452D0 (en) 1984-02-22
DE3560799D1 (en) 1987-11-26
AU552780B2 (en) 1986-06-19
EP0149528A1 (de) 1985-07-24
GB2153040B (en) 1987-04-08
AU3768985A (en) 1985-07-25

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