EP0126509A2 - Elément de câble ou câble optique et procédé de sa fabrication - Google Patents

Elément de câble ou câble optique et procédé de sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126509A2
EP0126509A2 EP84200684A EP84200684A EP0126509A2 EP 0126509 A2 EP0126509 A2 EP 0126509A2 EP 84200684 A EP84200684 A EP 84200684A EP 84200684 A EP84200684 A EP 84200684A EP 0126509 A2 EP0126509 A2 EP 0126509A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
optical
sheath
optical cable
cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84200684A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0126509A3 (en
EP0126509B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Leo Ditscheid
Walter Burger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0126509A2 publication Critical patent/EP0126509A2/fr
Publication of EP0126509A3 publication Critical patent/EP0126509A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0126509B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126509B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4402—Optical cables with one single optical waveguide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical cable element with a sheath in which at least one optical waveguide (LWL) surrounded by tensile fibers is arranged, to which the fibers run essentially parallel.
  • LWL optical waveguide
  • the invention further relates to an optical cable with such a cable element and a method for producing the cable element or the cable.
  • optical cable element of the type mentioned is already known from US-PS 40 82 423.
  • the optical fibers are e.g. surrounded by a common first plastic layer on which the tensile fibers are arranged, which in turn are surrounded by further common shells.
  • the strain relief of this cable element is provided by the fibers arranged on the first plastic layer, while kinking of the optical waveguide as a result of contraction is primarily prevented by the first plastic layer itself, which, however, reduces the flexibility of the cable element due to its relatively large thickness.
  • optical cable elements can have tensile fibers in their interior.
  • a cable structure consisting only of optical fibers and tensile fibers is not apparent from it.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an optical cable element that has both tensile and contraction forces the optical waveguide can take up without appreciable impairment of the optical transmission properties, and yet it is simpler in construction and moreover highly flexible.
  • This object is achieved in that only the optical fibers and the tensile fibers embedding them fill the free inner cross-section of the sheath to 50 to 90% and that the embedding of the optical fibers in the fibers and the fibers in the sheath is so loose that the optical fibers in the fibers and these are relatively free to move in the shell.
  • the optical cable element thus has a simple structure which is advantageous for its production, since it consists only of the optical waveguide, the tensile fibers and the common sheath. Since no thick plastic intermediate layers are provided, the cable element has a high degree of flexibility. Tensile forces occurring on the cable element are absorbed elastically by the tensile fibers, whose total cross-sectional area e.g. with the same mechanical properties between optical fibers and fibers is significantly larger than the total cross-sectional area of all optical fibers in the cable element. Any tensile forces that occur can also be kept away from the optical waveguide by introducing the tensile fibers under mechanical pretension into the cable assembly, so that in the final state of the cable the optical waveguide is excessively long compared to the fibers.
  • the individual optical waveguide can additionally also carry a thin, secondary protective layer firmly connected to them, e.g. made of plastic, so that they are even more resistant to mechanical stresses, in particular by adjacent fibers or other optical fibers, without reducing the flexibility of the cable element.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention resides in the fact that the optical waveguides, together with the tensile fibers, only fill the clear cross-section (inner cross-section) of the common sheath to 60% to 70%.
  • the diameter of the tensile fibers is dimensioned such that the free kink length of a corresponding fiber bundle is less than 50% of that of all the optical waveguides used, ensures that the optical fibers are deflected laterally by the fibers which also buckle in the event of stronger contractions , which leads to the formation of helical courses of changing direction.
  • This helical deflection of the optical waveguide causes only slight compression and bending forces and thus only relatively low contact pressures on the inner wall of the casing.
  • an optical waveguide can have a relatively large shortening, e.g. pick up the case undamaged.
  • a smaller free kink length in the above sense means that the fibers of the fiber bundle appear earlier with axial compression forces than the optical fibers are deflected. The fiber bundle is thus opened up earlier.
  • the tensile fibers advantageously consist of a tensile material, such as Textile glass, aramid, carbon or metal, the modulus of elasticity of which is comparable to that of optical fibers.
  • the casing can consist of a thermoplastic or of a cross-linked synthetic material, which is optionally filled or mixed with inorganic materials. These materials are relatively inexpensive compared to the fluoropolymers otherwise used for such purposes.
  • an inner, relatively hard shell layer made of a synthetic material can be coated with a material whose modulus of elasticity is less than 50% of that of the inner shell layer.
  • a solid, low-shrinkage synthetic material such as polypropylene, polyamide or polyvinylidene fluoride is used for the inner sheath layer, while in order to improve the manageability or to reduce the spring stiffness of the cable, this inner, compression-resistant sheath layer is expediently provided with a thicker-walled second sheath layer of a softer material, e.g. Soft PVC, is surrounded.
  • optical cable element When using the optical cable element as a full-fledged optical cable, it is advantageous to additionally surround this cable element with an outer sheath, which is made, for example, of a metallic conductive material one or more closed metal cylinders.
  • This outer covering can serve both mechanical protection and shielding purposes.
  • the outer sheath for the cable element consists of metallic conductors in the form of strands or wires, which are bare or insulated from one another, and which concentrically surround the sheath in the form of a braid.
  • the optical cable element When using the optical cable element as a cable and as part of a more complex composite cable, it may be necessary to realize electrical functions and lines in addition to the optical ones. In such a case, it is not expedient to include the lines in the sheathing of the individual cable element. It is more advantageous to arrange the electrically conductive elements concentrically around the sheath of the cable element. In this way, a possible contraction of the optical cable element is effectively counteracted.
  • the ußenumhüllung A can also consist of a braid of non-metallic threads or fibers.
  • the outer sheathing advantageously consists of two concentric partial shells, of which the inner is made of non-metallic material, the modulus of elasticity of which is very much greater than that of the sheath and the outer partial sheath.
  • the material of the inner partial shell can consist of a glass fiber-plastic composite (GRP), a carbon-plastic composite (CFRP) or an aramid (Kevlar) fiber resin composite, the inner partial shell as a self-contained tube or is constructed from several cylindrical rods.
  • a cable construction consisting of three concentric sheaths (sheath, inner and outer sheath) is proposed according to the invention, which can be produced in a single operation by using the optical cable element.
  • the high transverse pressure and shear stiffness is achieved through the use of a composite of high tensile fibers and a binder, e.g. a polyester resin in which these tensile fibers are embedded in a matrix-like manner (inner partial cover).
  • the optical cable element consisting of optical fibers, tensile fibers and sheath, after leaving the first extruder immediately before entering a second (jacket) extruder, is concentrically similar with parallel tensile fibers that are impregnated with a reactive resin of those within the envelope of the cable element.
  • This inner partial envelope is then concentrically provided with an outer partial envelope which already provides part of the required heat of reaction.
  • the necessary compression of the fiber-resin construction is then expediently carried out in a subsequent pressure tube analogous to the known continuous vulcanization technique. It is possible to apply the required (residual) heat of reaction in a further operation.
  • Relative movements between the casing constructions consisting of a plurality of casings or partial casings can be prevented by arranging a wickerwork of non-metallic threads or fibers between the partial casings or between them and the casing, into which the casings or partial casings get caught.
  • the optical cable element consists of an optical waveguide (LWL) 1 running in its center, which is of a "primary coating” 1 ', e.g. a plastic layer, which is already applied to the optical waveguide during manufacture.
  • LWL is to be understood here as a fiber element for the transmission of optical radiation, which can also lie outside the range of visible radiation.
  • the fiber optic cable 1 is surrounded by tensile fibers 2, between which there are free spaces 3.
  • the fibers 2 are surrounded by a common sheath 4, which serves as the outer jacket of the optical cable element.
  • the tensile fibers 2 which can be made of textile glass, aramid, carbon, metal or another suitable material, for example a material with mechanical properties similar to those of the fiber optic cable, serve to absorb tensile forces acting on the optical cable element, so that these not be transferred to the optical fiber. If the optical fiber and the fibers have the same mechanical properties, then the cross-sectional area of all the fibers 2 must be chosen to be substantially larger than that of the optical fiber 1.
  • both the fibers 2 with each other are, as well as for optical fiber 1 in parallel and the tensile fibers are introduced 2 under slightly larger bias in the manufacture of the cable element, so that the L W L 1 in the finished state of the cable element an excess length compared with the fibers 2 has, it is ensured that the cable element of the fiber optic cable 1 is practically not subjected to tensile stress.
  • the fiber optic cable 1 is only surrounded by tensile fibers 2, which only fill 50 to 90% of the cavity formed by the cylindrical envelope 4. Act on the tensile fibers 2 and the optical waveguide 1 compression or bending forces, e.g. due to a contraction or bending of the sheath 4, the optical waveguide 1 penetrates the bundle of the tensile fibers 2 in which it is embedded, whereby it bends in a helical manner.
  • the tensile fibers 2 are dimensioned according to the number and individual fiber cross-section so that they buckle due to very small compression or bending forces.
  • the tensile fibers 2 exert laterally acting forces on the fiber optic cable 1 when compression or bending forces occur, which cause the helical deflection of the fiber optic cable 1.
  • a damping-increasing clamping effect which leads to additional microbending losses, thus does not occur.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 show cross sections of optical cable elements which are constructed in accordance with that in FIG. 1, but which have in their interior a plurality of optical waveguides 1a, 1b which run parallel to one another (un stranded) and parallel to the fibers 2 and which likewise have a "primary coating” l 'are provided.
  • the optical fibers 1 are in the center of the cable element and close to each other, while according to Fig. 3 over the cross-sectional area are distributed within the shell 4.
  • the fiber optic cables 1 are also embedded here by the fibers 2, so that they practically "float” in the fiber structure.
  • Fibers 2 and LWL 1 also fill only part of the inner cross section of the sheath 4.
  • optical fiber 1 against one another or against the fibers 2
  • these can be provided with a so-called “secondary coating", that is to say a thin plastic layer.
  • FIG. 4 shows an optical cable 5 which has the optical cable element according to FIG. 1 as the basic element.
  • the cable element is surrounded by a further outer covering, which consists of an inner partial covering 6 and an outer partial covering 7.
  • the inner partial sheath 6 consists of a fiber-resin composite, whereby a cable with high crush resistance or shear stiffness and transverse pressure stiffness is created.
  • the outer partial envelope 7 can e.g. consist of another suitable, softer plastic.
  • the optical cable 5 can also have cable elements which are constructed according to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the storage containers with the fiber optic cables 1 are accommodated in a drain rack 8, which systematically sort and run parallel to the drain rack 9, in which the tensile fibers 2 are stored. Form this the all-round embedding for the fiber optic cable 1 and run stretched and parallel to the optical fibers and untwisted in the spray head of a first extruder 10, which is overmolded there with the sheath 4, so loosely that the inner cross section of the sheath 4 is separated from the fibers 2 and the L W L 1 is only partially filled.
  • the cable element After leaving the cooling unit 11, the cable element enters the drain frame 12, from which further tensile fibers 13 or threads, which are impregnated with a suitable binder, run off and which enclose the sheath 4 as an inner partial sheath 6. This is then surrounded by the spray head of a second extruder 14 with the outer shell 7. The heat of the shell material of the outer partial shell 7 together with the heat applied in the reaction device 15 leads to the hardening of the binder. If necessary, a compression pressure can be generated in the reaction device 15, as a result of which the composite of the inner partial casing 6, which consists of fibers 13 and binder, is compressed. The optical cable 5 thus produced then passes through a second cooling unit 16, in which it is cooled to such an extent that it can be wound up on a drum 17.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
EP84200684A 1983-05-19 1984-05-14 Elément de câble ou câble optique et procédé de sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0126509B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3318233 1983-05-19
DE3318233A DE3318233C2 (de) 1983-05-19 1983-05-19 Optisches Kabelelement bzw. Kabel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126509A2 true EP0126509A2 (fr) 1984-11-28
EP0126509A3 EP0126509A3 (en) 1987-03-18
EP0126509B1 EP0126509B1 (fr) 1990-08-08

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ID=6199388

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84200684A Expired - Lifetime EP0126509B1 (fr) 1983-05-19 1984-05-14 Elément de câble ou câble optique et procédé de sa fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4659174A (fr)
EP (1) EP0126509B1 (fr)
JP (2) JPS6041011A (fr)
DE (2) DE3318233C2 (fr)

Cited By (11)

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GB2185828A (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-07-29 Bicc Plc Optical cable comprising non- metallic reinforced plastics tube
US4869573A (en) * 1986-01-29 1989-09-26 Bicc Public Limited Company Aerial optical cable and its method of manufacture
EP0553990A1 (fr) * 1992-01-28 1993-08-04 AT&T Corp. Câble à fibre optique auxiliaire
FR2728694A1 (fr) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-28 France Telecom Module pour cables a fibres optiques, procede de fabrication et installation a cet effet
US6400873B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-06-04 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cable having a strength member
EP1889108A1 (fr) * 2005-06-08 2008-02-20 CommScope, Inc. of North Carolina Cables de fibre optique et procedes pour former ceux-ci
WO2010094023A2 (fr) * 2009-02-16 2010-08-19 Corning Cable Systems Llc Câbles duplex et câbles zipcord, et câbles de dérivation incorporant des câbles duplex
US8992098B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2015-03-31 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
DE102017124028A1 (de) 2017-10-16 2019-04-18 Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh Kabelbaugruppe mit einer Kühlleitung und Zugentlastung
DE102018125835A1 (de) 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh Kabelbaugruppe mit einer Kühlleitung und einer Zugentlastungsbaugruppe
US10578812B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2020-03-03 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling

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US6553167B2 (en) 2001-06-04 2003-04-22 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cables having ultra-low shrinking filaments and methods of making the same
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US7822306B2 (en) * 2007-01-08 2010-10-26 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Buoyancy neutral fiber optic cable
US8422843B2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2013-04-16 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-fiber fiber optic cable
US8224141B2 (en) 2008-05-27 2012-07-17 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Multi-jacketed fiber optic cable
US8548293B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2013-10-01 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable
AU2009320044B2 (en) 2008-10-28 2014-11-13 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Flat drop cable
US8184935B2 (en) 2009-10-21 2012-05-22 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Flat drop cable with center strength member
US8107781B2 (en) 2009-11-20 2012-01-31 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable
WO2011137240A1 (fr) * 2010-04-30 2011-11-03 Corning Cable Systems Llc Câbles à fibres optiques comprenant de multiples câbles de sous-ensemble
US8915659B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2014-12-23 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
WO2011146720A2 (fr) 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Câble de dérivation plat avec protubérance centrale
US9207418B2 (en) * 2010-06-08 2015-12-08 Dow Global Technologies Llc Partially impregnated, fiber reinforced thermoplastic strength member
US8885998B2 (en) 2010-12-09 2014-11-11 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Splice enclosure arrangement for fiber optic cables
US9739966B2 (en) 2011-02-14 2017-08-22 Commscope Technologies Llc Fiber optic cable with electrical conductors
US8781281B2 (en) 2011-07-21 2014-07-15 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Drop cable with angled reinforcing member configurations
US9575271B2 (en) * 2011-11-01 2017-02-21 Empire Technology Development Llc Cable with optical fiber for prestressed concrete
WO2013100051A1 (fr) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-04 住友電気工業株式会社 Fibre optique et câble optique
US9316802B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2016-04-19 Commscope Technologies Llc Optical fiber cable having reinforcing layer of tape heat-bonded to jacket
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2185828A (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-07-29 Bicc Plc Optical cable comprising non- metallic reinforced plastics tube
US4869573A (en) * 1986-01-29 1989-09-26 Bicc Public Limited Company Aerial optical cable and its method of manufacture
GB2185828B (en) * 1986-01-29 1989-12-06 Bicc Plc Optical cable incorporating a composite circumferentially rigid, flexible tube
EP0553990A1 (fr) * 1992-01-28 1993-08-04 AT&T Corp. Câble à fibre optique auxiliaire
FR2728694A1 (fr) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-28 France Telecom Module pour cables a fibres optiques, procede de fabrication et installation a cet effet
US6400873B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2002-06-04 Corning Cable Systems Llc Fiber optic cable having a strength member
US11112568B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2021-09-07 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Connectorized fiber optic cabling assembly
US11474309B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2022-10-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Connectorized fiber optic cabling assembly
US10302878B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2019-05-28 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
US8992098B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2015-03-31 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
EP1889108A1 (fr) * 2005-06-08 2008-02-20 CommScope, Inc. of North Carolina Cables de fibre optique et procedes pour former ceux-ci
US9229174B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2016-01-05 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connnectorized fiber optic cabling
EP3179286A1 (fr) * 2005-06-08 2017-06-14 CommScope, Inc. of North Carolina Câbles à fibres optiques et leurs procédés de mise en forme
US9690057B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2017-06-27 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
US10012805B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2018-07-03 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
US10859773B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2020-12-08 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
US10578812B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2020-03-03 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Methods for forming connectorized fiber optic cabling
US9075215B2 (en) 2009-02-16 2015-07-07 Corning Cable Systems Llc Duplex cables and zipcord cables and breakout cables incorporating duplex cables
WO2010094023A3 (fr) * 2009-02-16 2012-08-23 Corning Cable Systems Llc Câbles duplex et câbles zipcord, et câbles de dérivation incorporant des câbles duplex
WO2010094023A2 (fr) * 2009-02-16 2010-08-19 Corning Cable Systems Llc Câbles duplex et câbles zipcord, et câbles de dérivation incorporant des câbles duplex
DE102017124028A1 (de) 2017-10-16 2019-04-18 Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh Kabelbaugruppe mit einer Kühlleitung und Zugentlastung
DE102018125835A1 (de) 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh Kabelbaugruppe mit einer Kühlleitung und einer Zugentlastungsbaugruppe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3318233C2 (de) 1985-10-31
EP0126509A3 (en) 1987-03-18
JPH0564807U (ja) 1993-08-27
DE3318233C3 (fr) 1990-03-29
US4659174A (en) 1987-04-21
JPS6041011A (ja) 1985-03-04
DE3482910D1 (de) 1990-09-13
EP0126509B1 (fr) 1990-08-08
DE3318233A1 (de) 1984-11-22

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