EP0116226A2 - Pressure operated door actuator - Google Patents
Pressure operated door actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0116226A2 EP0116226A2 EP83307862A EP83307862A EP0116226A2 EP 0116226 A2 EP0116226 A2 EP 0116226A2 EP 83307862 A EP83307862 A EP 83307862A EP 83307862 A EP83307862 A EP 83307862A EP 0116226 A2 EP0116226 A2 EP 0116226A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- cylinder
- piston
- valve
- door
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/50—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressure operated door actuator.
- Pneumatic and hydraulic pressure operated actuators are used extensively to open and close vehicle doors. Pressures on opposite sides of a actuator piston are varied by means of control valves to move the piston which is connected to a door mechanism. Due to the interplay of pressures caused by these control valves in known actuator arrangements if a door is obstructed during a closing movement and excessive pressure drop - occurs on one side of the piston there is an inherent tendency for the door to slam when the obstruction is removed.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement which obviates this tendency for a pressure operated door actuator to slam shut a door following release from a temporary obstruction.
- a pressure operated door actuator comprising a piston and cylinder arrangement in which piston movement is determined by pressure difference between opposite ends of the cylinder, valve means leading from a port to one end of the cylinder to admit pressure for a door opening stroke and to exhaust pressure for a door closing stroke and, means for halting exhaustion of pressure in the event of piston movement ceasing due to obstruction of a closing door.
- the means for halting exhaustion of pressure comprises means for reseating the valve means, and in one embodiment there is provided valve lifting means responsive to excess cylinder pressure over port pressure to unseat said valve means during the exhaust stroke and to reseat the valve means if said excess falls below a predetermined value.
- the value of said excess pressure may be determined by a spring.
- the pneumatic door actuator comprises a piston 1 reciprocally slidable in a cylinder 2. Either end of the cylinder is closed by an end cap 3 and 4 which includes ports for admitting or exhausting pressure from the respective end of the cylinder 2.
- the motion of the piston 1 is transmitted to the door (not shown) by means of a piston rod 5 which extends through and is slidably mounted within the end cap 4.
- the piston 1 is shown in the door closed position; to open the door pressure is admitted to the left hand end of cylinder 2 through valve means in end cap 3 while the right hand end of the cylinder 2 is vented through the valve means in end cap 4.
- the piston 1 therefore travels towards the right carrying with it piston rod 5.
- the door is closed by an opposite sequence of events in which the left hand end of the cylinder is vented through the valve in end cap 3 and pressure is admitted to the right hand end of the cylinder 2 through the valve means and end cap 4 thus, causing the piston 1 to now move leftwards, in the drawing, again carrying with it piston rod 5.
- the anti-slam mechanism of Fig. 2 is housed within the end cap 3 at the,left hand end of cylinder 2 in Fig. 1.
- the arrangement comprises a pressure inlet/exhaust port 10 connected via a passageway 11 to a chamber 12 which is closed at one end by a piston 13 and at its other by a ball valve generally indicated by reference 14.
- the valve means 14 communicates via a further chamber 15 and a duct 16 to the left hand end of the cylinder 2 through a port 17 drilled in the face of end cap 3.
- the ball valve 14 comprises a ball valve member 20 which is urged against a valve seat 21 by a bias spring 22.
- the piston 13 has a limited degree of axial movement within the chamber 12 and is normally biassed towards the right by a further spring 23.
- the piston carries a leftward extending probe 24 which acts as a valve lifting means to unseat the ball valve member 20 of ball valve 14 when piston 13 is towards the left hand end of its movement.
- the right hand end of piston 13 also carries a member 25 which extends through end cap 3 for a short distance into cylinder 2 for abutment by a further probe 26 carried on the piston 1.
- piston 1 will also cease to move and pressure on the vented side of cylinder 2 will continue to fall until the spring 23 overcomes the pressure on the piston 13 moving it rightwards in chamber 12 to release ball valve member 20 permitting it to reseat.
- pressure in the left hand end of cylinder 2 will be retained for as long as movement of piston 1 is prevented.
- a probe 26 carried by piston 1 is arranged to abut extension member 25 of piston 13 towards the end of the stroke thereby mechanically holding ball valve 14 open to permit remaining pressure on that side of the piston 1 to leak away.
- the embodiment illustrated is also provided with a damping valve 27 which is resiliently mounted on the piston 1 so that at an intermediate stage of the movement it comes to rest against the face of end cap 3 and closes port 17 leading to duct 16 by which route exhausting pressure escapes into chamber 15 leading to ball valve 14.
- a damping valve 27 which is resiliently mounted on the piston 1 so that at an intermediate stage of the movement it comes to rest against the face of end cap 3 and closes port 17 leading to duct 16 by which route exhausting pressure escapes into chamber 15 leading to ball valve 14.
- an alternative path of smaller cross-section is provided via an axial port 28 drilled in the extension 25 of the piston 13 into a section 29 of the chamber 12 formed by an annular recess 29 in the piston 13, a peripheral port 30 in the wall of section 28 and, through an adjustable cushioning valve 31 and a further duct 32 into the chamber 15.
Landscapes
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
A pneumatic door actuator in which an actuator rod (5) is driven by a piston (1) working within a cylinder (2), opposite ends (3, 4) of which are selectively pressurised and vented to provide motive effort for the piston (1). If a a closing door is temporarily obstructed the pressure in the vented end (3) of the cylinder (2) may drop sufficiently to cause the door to be slammed shut when the obstruction is removed. The appropriate cylinder end (3) is thus vented through a valve (14) which is unseated when the difference between the pressure remaining in the cylinder and the exhaust port vent (11) exceeds a predetermined level. When this pressure difference falls the valve (14) closes trapping the remaining pressure so that it acts as a cushion when piston movement is resumed.
Description
- The invention relates to a pressure operated door actuator.
- Pneumatic and hydraulic pressure operated actuators are used extensively to open and close vehicle doors. Pressures on opposite sides of a actuator piston are varied by means of control valves to move the piston which is connected to a door mechanism. Due to the interplay of pressures caused by these control valves in known actuator arrangements if a door is obstructed during a closing movement and excessive pressure drop - occurs on one side of the piston there is an inherent tendency for the door to slam when the obstruction is removed.
- The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement which obviates this tendency for a pressure operated door actuator to slam shut a door following release from a temporary obstruction.
- According to the present invention there is provided a pressure operated door actuator comprising a piston and cylinder arrangement in which piston movement is determined by pressure difference between opposite ends of the cylinder, valve means leading from a port to one end of the cylinder to admit pressure for a door opening stroke and to exhaust pressure for a door closing stroke and, means for halting exhaustion of pressure in the event of piston movement ceasing due to obstruction of a closing door.
- Preferably the means for halting exhaustion of pressure comprises means for reseating the valve means, and in one embodiment there is provided valve lifting means responsive to excess cylinder pressure over port pressure to unseat said valve means during the exhaust stroke and to reseat the valve means if said excess falls below a predetermined value. The value of said excess pressure may be determined by a spring.
- The invention and how it may be carried into effect will now be described, by way of example only, by reference to the embodiment illustrated accompanied in the accompanying drawings in which:
- Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a pneumatic door actuator, and
- Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an anti-slam mechanism for actuator of Fig. 1.
- Referring now to Fig. 1 the pneumatic door actuator comprises a
piston 1 reciprocally slidable in acylinder 2. Either end of the cylinder is closed by anend cap cylinder 2. The motion of thepiston 1 is transmitted to the door (not shown) by means of apiston rod 5 which extends through and is slidably mounted within theend cap 4. In Fig. 1 thepiston 1 is shown in the door closed position; to open the door pressure is admitted to the left hand end ofcylinder 2 through valve means inend cap 3 while the right hand end of thecylinder 2 is vented through the valve means inend cap 4. Thepiston 1 therefore travels towards the right carrying with itpiston rod 5. The door is closed by an opposite sequence of events in which the left hand end of the cylinder is vented through the valve inend cap 3 and pressure is admitted to the right hand end of thecylinder 2 through the valve means andend cap 4 thus, causing thepiston 1 to now move leftwards, in the drawing, again carrying with itpiston rod 5. - In a conventional door actuator should the door, which is connected to
piston rod 5, be obstructed in its motion thepiston 1 will be temporarily halted in its travel along the cylinder but, the left hand end of the cylinder will remain vented and thus subject to continuing decrease in pressure, whilst the right hand end of the cylinder will remain connected to a source of actuator pressure. The result will be a greater than usual pressure difference between opposite sides ofpiston 1 so that when the obstruction is removed from thedoor piston 1 will accelerate to a greater than normal closing speed tending to slam shut the door. - The anti-slam mechanism of Fig. 2 is housed within the
end cap 3 at the,left hand end ofcylinder 2 in Fig. 1. The arrangement comprises a pressure inlet/exhaust port 10 connected via a passageway 11 to achamber 12 which is closed at one end by apiston 13 and at its other by a ball valve generally indicated byreference 14. The valve means 14 communicates via afurther chamber 15 and aduct 16 to the left hand end of thecylinder 2 through aport 17 drilled in the face ofend cap 3. - The
ball valve 14 comprises aball valve member 20 which is urged against avalve seat 21 by abias spring 22. Thepiston 13 has a limited degree of axial movement within thechamber 12 and is normally biassed towards the right by afurther spring 23. The piston carries a leftward extendingprobe 24 which acts as a valve lifting means to unseat theball valve member 20 ofball valve 14 whenpiston 13 is towards the left hand end of its movement. The right hand end ofpiston 13 also carries amember 25 which extends throughend cap 3 for a short distance intocylinder 2 for abutment by afurther probe 26 carried on thepiston 1. - In operation of the illustrated door actuator to open the door compressed air is admitted through inlet/
exhaust port 10 tochamber 12 and, as pressure acts on thevalve member 20 ofball valve 14 it is lifted against thebias spring 22 to-allow compressed intochamber 15 and viaduct 16 andport 17 into the left hand end ofcylinder 2. At the same time the right hand end ofcylinder 2 is vented via the valve means inend cap 4, therefore thepiston 1 commences a rightward movement. - To close the door compressed air is admitted to the right hand end of
cylinder 2 via the valve means inend cap 4 whilst theport 10 is vented. In this condition thechamber 12 is also vented but thevalve member 20 ofball valve 14 is seated sealing off thechamber 15,duct 16 and left hand end ofcylinder 2. The pressure retained in this end ofcylinder 2 however, will exert a force on thepiston 13 moving it against itsspring 23 so that theprobe 24 will mechanically lift thevalve member 20 from its seat allowing venting from the cylinder to proceed. Providing that the pressure on the vented side ofcylinder 2 does not fall to the pressure determined by thepiston spring 23 then theball valve 14 will remain open and the closing stroke will continue. - Should the door be obstructed and halted in its movement then
piston 1 will also cease to move and pressure on the vented side ofcylinder 2 will continue to fall until thespring 23 overcomes the pressure on thepiston 13 moving it rightwards inchamber 12 to releaseball valve member 20 permitting it to reseat. As a result pressure in the left hand end ofcylinder 2 will be retained for as long as movement ofpiston 1 is prevented. - When the obstruction is removed and
piston 1 resumes its leftward motion the consequent pressure increase now overcomesspring 23 andpiston 13re-opens ball valve 14 to resume exhaustion of pressure. The retained pressure in the cylinder acts to reduce the closing force on the door and, excess speed of the released door causes an increase in cylinder pressure at the vented end which, appearing as a back pressurevalve assisting spring 23, tends to close theball valve 14 until equilibrium has been restored. The actuator then continues operation as normal until all pressure is exhausted. - Towards the end of the door closing stroke the
probe 24 ofpiston 13 will tend to permitvalve member 20 to reseat before cylinder pressure is completely exhausted. Therefore, aprobe 26 carried bypiston 1 is arranged to abutextension member 25 ofpiston 13 towards the end of the stroke thereby mechanically holdingball valve 14 open to permit remaining pressure on that side of thepiston 1 to leak away. - The embodiment illustrated is also provided with a
damping valve 27 which is resiliently mounted on thepiston 1 so that at an intermediate stage of the movement it comes to rest against the face ofend cap 3 and closesport 17 leading toduct 16 by which route exhausting pressure escapes intochamber 15 leading toball valve 14. To permit a continued but damped movement an alternative path of smaller cross-section is provided via anaxial port 28 drilled in theextension 25 of thepiston 13 into asection 29 of thechamber 12 formed by anannular recess 29 in thepiston 13, a peripheral port 30 in the wall ofsection 28 and, through anadjustable cushioning valve 31 and a further duct 32 into thechamber 15. Thus, when thedamping valve 27 closes off themain duct 16 air pressure continues to escape via this auxiliary route, thereby providing a damped, i.e. slowed, final phase of movement.
Claims (7)
1. A pressure operated door actuator comprising a piston (1) and cylinder (2) arrangement in which piston movement is determined by pressure difference between opposite ends of the cylinder (2), valve means leading from a port (10) to one end of the cylinder (2) to admit pressure for a door opening stroke and to exhaust pressure for a door closing stroke and, means (14) for halting exhaustion of pressure in the event of piston movement ceasing due to obstruction of a closing door.
2. A door actuator according to Claim 1 wherein the means (14) for halting exhaustion of pressure comprises means (22) for reseating the valve means (14).
3. A door actuator according to Claim 1 or 2 including valve lifting means (13) responsive to excess cylinder pressure over port pressure to unseat said valve means (14) for the exhaust stroke and to reseat the valve means (14) if said excess falls below a predetermined valve.
4. A door actuator according to Claim 3 wherein the piston (1) interacts with the valve lifting means (13) in a final phase of an exhaust stroke to unseat said valve means (14). to complete exhaustion of cylinder pressure.
5. A door actuator according to Claim 3 or 4 wherein the valve lifting means (13) comprises a piston-like arrangement (13, 24, 28, 29) housed in . one end (3) of the cylinder.
6. A door actuator according to Claim 3, 3 or 5 wherein the level of excess pressure is determined by spring (23) force.
7. A door actuator according to any preceding claim wherein the valve lifting means (13) is operated by abutment (28) with the piston towards the end of a closing movement to completely exhaust the pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8300675 | 1983-01-11 | ||
GB838300675A GB8300675D0 (en) | 1983-01-11 | 1983-01-11 | Pressure operated door actuator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0116226A2 true EP0116226A2 (en) | 1984-08-22 |
EP0116226A3 EP0116226A3 (en) | 1985-05-29 |
Family
ID=10536187
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83307862A Withdrawn EP0116226A3 (en) | 1983-01-11 | 1983-12-22 | Pressure operated door actuator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0116226A3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK9784A (en) |
GB (2) | GB8300675D0 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA839506B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2385900A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-09-03 | Eurocopter Deutschland | Emergency opening actuation cylinder with venting into a collecting chamber |
DE4323151C5 (en) * | 1993-07-10 | 2005-12-22 | Geze Gmbh | Swing door drive |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB299363A (en) * | 1927-10-24 | 1929-11-07 | Nat Pneumatic Co | Improvements in fluid pressure engines for operating and controlling doors |
DE1708314A1 (en) * | 1967-10-17 | 1971-05-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Movement device for doors and similar parts |
FR2449215A1 (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1980-09-12 | Rousset Noelle | Double acting hydraulic ram for door operation - has two small pistons and valves either side of main piston |
GB2054734A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-02-18 | Wabco Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh | Pneumatic door actuators |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1584037B1 (en) * | 1963-10-25 | 1969-10-23 | Haegglund & Soener Ab | Safety switching device for hydraulically operated piston-cylinder drives of doors, hatches or the like. |
-
1983
- 1983-01-11 GB GB838300675A patent/GB8300675D0/en active Pending
- 1983-12-21 ZA ZA839506A patent/ZA839506B/en unknown
- 1983-12-22 EP EP83307862A patent/EP0116226A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-12-23 GB GB08334319A patent/GB2134175A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-01-10 DK DK9784A patent/DK9784A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB299363A (en) * | 1927-10-24 | 1929-11-07 | Nat Pneumatic Co | Improvements in fluid pressure engines for operating and controlling doors |
DE1708314A1 (en) * | 1967-10-17 | 1971-05-19 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Movement device for doors and similar parts |
FR2449215A1 (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1980-09-12 | Rousset Noelle | Double acting hydraulic ram for door operation - has two small pistons and valves either side of main piston |
GB2054734A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-02-18 | Wabco Fahrzeugbremsen Gmbh | Pneumatic door actuators |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4323151C5 (en) * | 1993-07-10 | 2005-12-22 | Geze Gmbh | Swing door drive |
GB2385900A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-09-03 | Eurocopter Deutschland | Emergency opening actuation cylinder with venting into a collecting chamber |
US6685139B2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2004-02-03 | Eurocopter Deutschland Gmbh | Emergency opening cylinder of a passenger door for an airplane, a door system and a method of modifying a door system |
GB2385900B (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2005-03-23 | Eurocopter Deutschland | Emergency opening cylinder of a passenger door |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0116226A3 (en) | 1985-05-29 |
DK9784D0 (en) | 1984-01-10 |
GB8334319D0 (en) | 1984-02-01 |
GB2134175A (en) | 1984-08-08 |
DK9784A (en) | 1984-07-12 |
ZA839506B (en) | 1984-08-29 |
GB8300675D0 (en) | 1983-02-09 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19860130 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: VINER, GEORGE CHARLES |