EP0114551A1 - Fire-resistant glazing panels - Google Patents

Fire-resistant glazing panels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0114551A1
EP0114551A1 EP83402440A EP83402440A EP0114551A1 EP 0114551 A1 EP0114551 A1 EP 0114551A1 EP 83402440 A EP83402440 A EP 83402440A EP 83402440 A EP83402440 A EP 83402440A EP 0114551 A1 EP0114551 A1 EP 0114551A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glazing
panel according
seal
plug
mass
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83402440A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0114551B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Paul René Chavy
Jean-Claude Legrand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nouvelle Lvi Normandie Te Gaillefontaine Ste
Original Assignee
Nouvelle Lvi Normandie Ste
CONFORGLACE SA
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Application filed by Nouvelle Lvi Normandie Ste, CONFORGLACE SA filed Critical Nouvelle Lvi Normandie Ste
Priority to AT83402440T priority Critical patent/ATE25738T1/en
Publication of EP0114551A1 publication Critical patent/EP0114551A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement to flame-retardant glazed panels.
  • Flame-retardant or non-laminated flame-retardant glazing has therefore already been developed, such as, for example, so-called "athermic" glazing, having high heat resistance and an extremely low coefficient of expansion, such glazing being capable of withstanding the heat given off by a fire that spreads in the room they delimit.
  • flame-retardant glazing is often incorporated into complex glazing panels comprising, in addition to the flame-retardant glazing arranged on the side where the fire is feared, one or more simple glazings or compounds, the different glazing being separated by one or more gas and in particular air layers, hermetically trapped between glazing. It follows that, in the case where the flame-retardant or athermal glazing is subjected to a significant rise in temperature, for example due to a fire, the heat is transmitted to the blade of gas which it delimits, which causes a significant increase in pressure in the corresponding hermetic volume.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks and to provide glazed panels comprising at least one flame-resistant glazing and at least one mechanically very resistant glazing separated by at least one gas plate, for which the temperature increase of the blade does not translate into an increase in pressure likely to destroy the flame-resistant glazing.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a glazed panel in which the gas slide is placed in communication with the volume opposite to that delimited by the flame-resistant glazing when the temperature rises above the values corresponding to normal operation.
  • Another objective of the invention is to produce such a panel in which the hermetic nature of the volume delimiting the gas plate remains unaltered in normal operation, even after a long period of time.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a panel which is easy to manufacture and at a low cost price.
  • the subject of the invention is a glazed panel comprising at least one flame-resistant glazing delimiting a volume or room inside which a fire may occur, at least one mechanically resistant glazing arranged on the side opposite to said room or volume, parallel to the first, with the interposition of a layer of gas, for example air, contained in an airtight internal volume so as in particular to obtain good sound and / or thermal insulation, characterized in that said mechanically resistant glazing is provided with a bore hermetically sealed by a plug made of a fusible material at a relatively low temperature, preferably of the order of 70 to 150 ° C.
  • the fusible material can advantageously be a metallic alloy fusible at low temperature, for example a Wood alloy or a derivative. As a variant, this material can also be a non-metallic hot melt thermoplastic material.
  • said stopper may advantageously comprise, on either side of the mechanically resistant glazing, two flanges bearing on said glazing, optionally by means of seals, the two flanges being connected one to the other. another to ensure compression of the joints.
  • the plug may include a nut of fusible material provided with a flange bearing, preferably by means of a non-adhesive or non-adhesive seal, against the internal face of the mechanically resistant glazing, the body of the nut passing through the hole or drilling of the glazing and receiving by screwing a second portion of plug in the form of a screw, made of hot-melt material or not, the screw head bearing on the external face of the glazing by compressing an annular seal, also of preferably non-adherent or non-stickable.
  • the nut may for example be replaced by a mass or hot-melt material poured inside a ring so as to trap a rod or an extension of a part, preferably also hot-melt, replacing the aforementioned screw, and having on the opposite side a flange tightening a seal.
  • the stopper may comprise a radially expandable body or mass of thermoplastic material, crossed by a rod, said mass being able to be clamped between two flanges arranged on either side and capable of being brought closer to one another by screwing so as to cause a radial expansion of the mass coming into contact with the cylindrical wall of a hole made in the mechanically resistant glazing , preferably with the interposition of a non-adherent and non-stickable seal.
  • the seals are preferably made of materials such as polyisobutylene.
  • mechanically resistant glazing in the present invention a glazing having mechanical resistance to impact, pressure, or attack, of the same order as or greater than the resistance of the flame-retardant or athermal glazing.
  • mechanically resistant glazing can be either simple glazing, or composite glazing, that is to say laminated glazing, consisting for example of two windows separated by a sheet of transparent synthetic material.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a partial sectional view of the lower part of a vertical glass panel according to the invention.
  • This panel comprises on the one hand an athermal glazing 1 made for example from a glass having a thickness of 6 mm.
  • Parallel to this glazing 1 is arranged a mechanically resistant laminated glazing 2, made in fact of two resistant glass 2a and 2b each having a thickness of 4 mm.
  • a film 24 of a material such as butyral with a thickness of 0.8 mm.
  • the panel which has a rectangular shape, has, on the four sides of its periphery, edges formed by a profile 4 preferably filled with a desiccant material 5 in communication with the air space 3, hermetic seals made of polyisobutylene 6 being interposed between the respective opposite faces of the profile 4 and the internal faces of the glazing 1 and 2.
  • an elastomeric seal 7 ensuring the connection of the different elements to each other and completing the sealing of the volume of the air space 3.
  • the elements 4, 5, 6 and 7 are conventional elements well known in this type of construction, the constituent materials being adapted in a manner known per se for use in flame-resistant glazing.
  • a through hole 8 of advantageously cylindrical shape is crossed by a nut 9 having, on the side of the gas slide 3, a flange 9a which is applied against the internal face of the glass 2a, preferably with the interposition of a small annular seal 10 intended to prevent a direct contact between the metal of the nut 9 and the glass.
  • the nut 9 is made of a fusible Wood alloy at a temperature of the order of 100 °.
  • the head lla In the thread of the nut 9 is screwed a screw 11, for example of anodized aluminum or steel with treated surface, the head lla also forms a flange similar to the flange 9a and comes to tighten against the external face of the glass 2b an O-ring 12 made of polyisobutylene.
  • the plug thus constituted by the nut 9, the screw 11 and the two seals 10 and 12 form a hermetic obstacle preventing any communication between the air space and the volume outside the glass 2.
  • a fire breaks out in the volume delimited by the glazing 1, the temperature of said glazing increases so that the temperature of the air gap increases accordingly, the internal pressure increasing simultaneously.
  • the temperature begins to exceed 100 °, the nut 9 begins to melt. At this time, the screw 11 is no longer retained and will therefore come off, helped in this by the overpressure existing in the volume 3 so that this volume is placed in communication with the outside of the glazing 2.
  • the panel according to the invention To manufacture the panel according to the invention, a hole is drilled in the laminated glazing 2 before mounting the panel and the nut 9 is fitted with its seal 10, then the screw 11 is screwed in with the seal 12 interposed. until the desired tightening. Then, the glazing 1 and 2 are assembled to make the panel.
  • a plug cooperating with a hole 13 of smaller diameter made in the glazing 2.
  • a rod of a part 14 having a flange 14a with interpositiondu seal 12.
  • the part of the rod of the part 14 which emerges inside the volume 3 is embedded in a mass 15 of Wood alloy located inside a cylindrical ring 16 of aluminum or steel.
  • the part 14 is also made of Wood alloy, which causes a perfect connection between the mass 15 and the rod of the part 14.
  • the part 14 For the manufacture of such a panel, first of all the drilling 13 is carried out.
  • the part 14 then being placed horizontally by its flange 14a with its rod erected vertically, the glazing 2 is placed horizontally to cause said rod to emerge from the Exhibit 14.
  • the rod of the part 14 can be grooved or have other reliefs facilitating the attachment of the cast mass.
  • a hole 17 of large diameter has been made in the glazing 2.
  • the plug consists of a piece of elastic thermoplastic material 18 which, at rest, has an outside diameter slightly less than the diameter of the bore 17.
  • the thermoplastic mass 18 is crossed by a bolt 19 the head of which takes 19a / rests on the external face of the mass 18 by means of a washer 20.
  • a polyisobutylene seal 23 which is crushed between the thermoplastic mass 18 and the wall of the bore 17.
  • the seal 23 may have any shape, for example be a cylindrical seal or on the contrary be an O-ring and, in this case, o n may optionally provide from the outset, in the periphery of the mass 18, a groove in which the seal 23 is partially engaged.
  • the material forming the mass 18 is elastically deformable and thermoplastic.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate successive stages in the manufacture of a panel established according to a variant of FIG. 2.
  • the mechanically resistant glazing 2 has been shown, placed horizontally with the exterior window 2b located below interior window 2a.
  • a hole 25 is drilled in the glazing 2.
  • This valve body 26 comprises a rod 27, of diameter significantly smaller than that of the hole 25, and a head 28, of diameter significantly larger than that of this hole 25.
  • the rod 27 is engaged in the hole 25 and the head 28 rests against the underside of the glazing 2, with the interposition of a seal 29 made of polyisobutylene.
  • the glazing 2 is pushed down so as to compress the seal 29 and a washer 30 in the form of a bowl is placed on top of the glazing 2, with the interposition of a second seal 31 made of polyisobutylene.
  • the minimum internal diameter of the washer 30 is of the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the hole 25.
  • the glazing 2 and the thermal glazing 1 are assembled in the manner described above.
  • a panel is thus obtained, characterized in that the plug is constituted by a mass 26, 32 of mate a fusible link having the shape of a rivet the rod of which occupies the bore 25 and the opposite heads of which rest on the opposite faces of the mechanically resistant glazing 2 by means of compression seals 29, 31.

Abstract

The flame-resisting glazing panel comprises at least one flame-resisting glazing 1 and at least one mechanically strong glazing 2 which is spaced from the flame-resisting glazing by a layer of gas 3. The mechanically strong glazing 2 has an aperture 8 through which extends a plug 9-11; 14-16; 18-22; 26-31 which is arranged hermetically and seals the aperture. The plug is made from a material which is fusible at a relatively low temperature of 70 DEG to 150 DEG C.

Description

La présente invention a trait à un perfectionnement aux panneaux vitrés pare-flamme.The present invention relates to an improvement to flame-retardant glazed panels.

Les normes de sécurité dans le bâtiment imposent,. dans certains cas, l'utilisation de vitrages ou panneaux vitrés pare-flamme, c'est-à-dire de vitrages susceptibles de résister aux incendies. De tels vitrages sont par exemple utiles dans les bâtiments de très grande hauteur pour éviter que le bris des vitrages ne provoque des appels d'air activant l'incendie.Safety standards in the building impose ,. in some cases, the use of glazing or glazed flame-retardant panels, that is to say glazing capable of withstanding fire. Such glazing is for example useful in very tall buildings to prevent the breaking of the glazing causing air calls activating the fire.

On a donc déjà mis au point des vitrages pare-flamme feuilletés ou non, tels que par exemple les vitrages dits "athermiques", présentant une grande résistance à la chaleur et un coefficient de dilatation extrêmement faible, de tels vitrages étant susceptibles de résister à la chaleur dégagée par un incendie qui se propage dans le local qu'ils délimitent.Flame-retardant or non-laminated flame-retardant glazing has therefore already been developed, such as, for example, so-called "athermic" glazing, having high heat resistance and an extremely low coefficient of expansion, such glazing being capable of withstanding the heat given off by a fire that spreads in the room they delimit.

Pour des raisons tenant à l'isolation thermique ou phonique, les vitrages pare-flammesont souvent incorporés dans des panneaux vitrés complexes comprenant, outre le vitrage pare-flamme disposé du côté où l'on craint l'incendie, un ou plusieurs vitrages simples ou composés, les différents vitrages étant séparés par une ou plusieurs lames de gaz et notamment d'air, hermétiquement emprisonnées entre les vitrages. Il en résulte que, dans le cas où le vitrage pare-flame ou athermique est soumis à une importante élévation de température, par exemple en raison d'un incendie, la chaleur est transmise à la lame de gaz qu'il délimite, ce qui provoque une importante augmentation de pression dans le volume hermétique correspondant. Or, comme il est souvent requis de donner aux autres vitrages du panneau une grande résistance aux agressions mécaniques, l'élévation de pression finit, dans ce cas, par provoquer la destruction du vitrage pare-flamme et, comme le ou les autres vitrages du panneau n'offrent qu'une faible résistance à la chaleur, le panneau entier se trouve rapidement détruit.For reasons relating to thermal or sound insulation, flame-retardant glazing is often incorporated into complex glazing panels comprising, in addition to the flame-retardant glazing arranged on the side where the fire is feared, one or more simple glazings or compounds, the different glazing being separated by one or more gas and in particular air layers, hermetically trapped between glazing. It follows that, in the case where the flame-retardant or athermal glazing is subjected to a significant rise in temperature, for example due to a fire, the heat is transmitted to the blade of gas which it delimits, which causes a significant increase in pressure in the corresponding hermetic volume. However, as it is often required to give the other panes of the panel great resistance to mechanical attack, the pressure increase ends up, in this case, causing the destruction of the flame-resistant glazing and, like the other glazing (s) of the panel offer only a low resistance to heat, the entire panel is quickly destroyed.

La présente invention se propose de remédier à ces inconvénients et de fournir des panneaux vitrés comprenant au moins un vitrage pare-flamme et au moins un vitrage mécaniquement très résistant séparés par au moins une lame de gaz, pour lesquels l'augmentation de température de la lame ne se traduit pas par une augmentation de pression susceptible de détruire le vitrage pare-flamme.The present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks and to provide glazed panels comprising at least one flame-resistant glazing and at least one mechanically very resistant glazing separated by at least one gas plate, for which the temperature increase of the blade does not translate into an increase in pressure likely to destroy the flame-resistant glazing.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un tel panneau vitré dans lequel la lame de gaz soit mise en communication avec le volume opposé à celui délimité par le vitrage pare-flamme lorsque la température s'élève au-delà des valeurs correspondant à un fonctionnement normal.Another object of the invention is to provide such a glazed panel in which the gas slide is placed in communication with the volume opposite to that delimited by the flame-resistant glazing when the temperature rises above the values corresponding to normal operation.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de réaliser un tel panneau dans lequel le caractère hermétique du volume délimitant la lame de gaz demeure inaltéré en fonctionnement normal, même après une longue durée.Another objective of the invention is to produce such a panel in which the hermetic nature of the volume delimiting the gas plate remains unaltered in normal operation, even after a long period of time.

Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir un tel panneau qui soit facile à fabriquer et d'un prix de revient peu élevé.Another object of the invention is to provide such a panel which is easy to manufacture and at a low cost price.

L'invention a pour objet un panneau vitré comportant au moins un vitrage pare-flamme délimitant un volume ou local à l'intérieur duquel peut se produire un incendie, au moins un vitrage mécaniquement résistant disposé du côté opposé audit local ou volume,parallèle-ment au premier, avec interposition d'une lame de gaz, par exemple de l'air, contenue dans un volume interne hermétique de façon notamment à obtenir une bonne isolation phonique et/ou thermique, caractérisé en ce que ledit vitrage mécaniquement résistant est muni d'un perçage hermétiquement obturé par un bouchon réalisé en un matériau fusible à une température relativement basse, de préférence de l'ordre de 70 à 15O°C.The subject of the invention is a glazed panel comprising at least one flame-resistant glazing delimiting a volume or room inside which a fire may occur, at least one mechanically resistant glazing arranged on the side opposite to said room or volume, parallel to the first, with the interposition of a layer of gas, for example air, contained in an airtight internal volume so as in particular to obtain good sound and / or thermal insulation, characterized in that said mechanically resistant glazing is provided with a bore hermetically sealed by a plug made of a fusible material at a relatively low temperature, preferably of the order of 70 to 150 ° C.

Le matériau fusible peut avantageusement être un alliage métallique fusible à basse température, par exemple un alliage de Wood ou un dérivé. En variante, ce matériau peut également être un matériau thermoplastiqueefbu thermofusible non métallique.The fusible material can advantageously be a metallic alloy fusible at low temperature, for example a Wood alloy or a derivative. As a variant, this material can also be a non-metallic hot melt thermoplastic material.

Dans une première forme de réalisation, ledit bouchon peut avantageusement comporter, de part et d'autre du vitrage mécaniquement résistant, deux flasques prenant appui sur ledit vitrage, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire de joints , les deux flasques étant reliés l'un à l'autre tre afin d'assurer une compression des joints.In a first embodiment, said stopper may advantageously comprise, on either side of the mechanically resistant glazing, two flanges bearing on said glazing, optionally by means of seals, the two flanges being connected one to the other. another to ensure compression of the joints.

Ainsi, par exemple, le bouchon peut comporter un écrou en matière fusible muni d'un flasque prenant appui, de préférence par l'intermédiaire d'un joint non adhérent ou non collable, contre la face interne du vitrage mécaniquement résistant, le corps de l'écrou traversant le trou ou perçage du vitrage et recevant par vissage une deuxième partie de bouchon en forme de vis, en matière thermofusible ou non, la tête de vis prenant appui sur la face externe du vitrage en comprimant un joint annulaire, également de préférence non adhérent ou non collable.Thus, for example, the plug may include a nut of fusible material provided with a flange bearing, preferably by means of a non-adhesive or non-adhesive seal, against the internal face of the mechanically resistant glazing, the body of the nut passing through the hole or drilling of the glazing and receiving by screwing a second portion of plug in the form of a screw, made of hot-melt material or not, the screw head bearing on the external face of the glazing by compressing an annular seal, also of preferably non-adherent or non-stickable.

En variante, l'écrou peut être par exemple remplacé par une masse ou matériau thermofusible coulé à l'intérieur d'une bague de façon à emprisonner une tige ou un prolongement d'une partie, de préférence également thermofusible, remplaçant la vis précitée, et présentant du côté opposé un flasque serrant un joint d'étanchéité.As a variant, the nut may for example be replaced by a mass or hot-melt material poured inside a ring so as to trap a rod or an extension of a part, preferably also hot-melt, replacing the aforementioned screw, and having on the opposite side a flange tightening a seal.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, cette fois dépourvue de flasques prenant appui sur les faces du vitrage, le bouchon peut comporter un corps ou masse radialement expansible en matériau thermoplastique, traversé par une tige, ladite masse pouvant être serrée entre deux flasques disposés de part et d'autre et susceptibles d'être rapprochés l'un de l'autre par vissage de façon à provoquer une expansion radiale de la masse venant au contact de la paroi cylindrique d'un trou pratiqué dans le vitrage mécaniquement résistant, de préférence avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité non adhérisé et non collable.In another embodiment of the invention, this time devoid of flanges bearing on the faces of the glazing, the stopper may comprise a radially expandable body or mass of thermoplastic material, crossed by a rod, said mass being able to be clamped between two flanges arranged on either side and capable of being brought closer to one another by screwing so as to cause a radial expansion of the mass coming into contact with the cylindrical wall of a hole made in the mechanically resistant glazing , preferably with the interposition of a non-adherent and non-stickable seal.

Les joints d'étanchéité sont de préférence réalisés en des matériaux tels que du polyisobutylène.The seals are preferably made of materials such as polyisobutylene.

Par "vitrage mécaniquement résistant", on entend dans la présente invention un vitrage présentant une résistance mécanique aux chocs, à la pression, ou aux agressions, du même ordre que ou supérieure à la résistance du vitrage pare-flammeou athermique. Un tel vitrage mécaniquement résistant peut être soit un vitrage simple, soit un vitrage composite, c'est-à-dire feuilleté, constitué par exemple de deux glaces séparées par une feuille de matière synthétique transparente.By "mechanically resistant glazing" is meant in the present invention a glazing having mechanical resistance to impact, pressure, or attack, of the same order as or greater than the resistance of the flame-retardant or athermal glazing. Such mechanically resistant glazing can be either simple glazing, or composite glazing, that is to say laminated glazing, consisting for example of two windows separated by a sheet of transparent synthetic material.

Lorsqu'un incendie se déclare dans le volume ou le local délimité par le vitrage pare-flamme, la température de celui-ci augmente rapidement, cette température étant communiquée au gaz compris entre le vitrage athermique et le vitrage résistant. La température dudit gaz, de même que la pression, augmente rapidement et la chaleur est transmise au bouchon obturant le trou du vitrage mécaniquement résistant. Dès que la température de fusion ou de ramollissement est atteinte, le bouchon se trouve descellé ou expulsé par la pression, mettant en libre communication le volume interne de la lame de gaz avec le volume extérieur au vitrage mécaniquement résistant de sorte que le vitrage pare-flamme ne se trouve plus soumis qu'à la différence de pression relativement faible existant dans le local soumis à l'incendie et le volume opposé, par exemple l'ambiance extérieure. Même après fusion du bouchon, le vitrage garde, au moins en majeure partie, ses caractéristiques de résistance aux incendies et peut ensuite être remplacé par un vitrage neuf équivalent.When a fire breaks out in the volume or the room delimited by the flame-resistant glazing, the temperature of the latter increases rapidly, this temperature being communicated to the gas comprised between the athermal glazing and the resistant glazing. The temperature of said gas, as well as the pressure, increases rapidly and the heat is transmitted to the plug closing the hole in the mechanically resistant glazing. As soon as the melting or softening temperature is reached, the plug is loosened or expelled by pressure, putting the internal volume of the gas slide into free communication with the volume external to the mechanically resistant glazing so that the glazing protects flame only becomes subject to the relatively small pressure difference existing in the room submitted to the fire and the opposite volume, for example the outside atmosphere. Even after the plug is melted, the glazing retains, at least for the most part, its fire resistance characteristics and can then be replaced by an equivalent new glazing.

Par contre, tant que la température critique pour le bouchon n'est pas atteinte, le volume de gaz entre les deux vitrages reste hermétiquement scellé, cette caractéristique étant particulièrement importante pour empêcher une introduction de vapeur dans la lame de gaz et maintenir la transparence du panneau.On the other hand, as long as the critical temperature for the plug is not reached, the volume of gas between the two panes remains hermetically sealed, this characteristic being particularly important to prevent introduction of vapor into the gas slide and to maintain the transparency of the sign.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante, faite à titre d'exemple non limitatif et se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue schématique en coupe d'un panneau selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue schématique en coupe d'une variante de ce panneau.
  • La figure 3 représente une vue schématique en coupe d'un panneau selon une autre forme de réalisation.
  • Les figures 4 à 7 illustrent, par des vues en coupe du vitrage mécaniquement résistant, des étapes successives de la fabrication d'un panneau selon une troisième forme de réalisation.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given by way of nonlimiting example and referring to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a panel according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a variant of this panel.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a panel according to another embodiment.
  • Figures 4 to 7 illustrate, in sectional views of the mechanically resistant glazing, successive stages in the manufacture of a panel according to a third embodiment.

On se réfère tout d'abord à la figure 1.We first refer to Figure 1.

Surcette figure, on a représenté une vue en coupe partielle de la partie inférieure d'un panneau vitré vertical selon l'invention. Ce panneau comporte d'une part un vitrage athermique 1 réalisé par exemple en une glace ayant une épaisseur de 6 mm. Parallèlement à ce vitrage 1 se trouve disposé un vitrage feuilleté mécaniquement résistant 2, composé en fait de deux glaces 2a et 2b résistantes ayant chacune une épaisseur de 4 mm. Entre les deux glaces 2a et 2b se trouve disposé un film 24 d'un matériau tel que du butyral d'une épaisseur de 0,8 mm. Un tel ensemble feuilleté présente une grande résistance mécanique à la pression et aux chocs.On this figure, there is shown a partial sectional view of the lower part of a vertical glass panel according to the invention. This panel comprises on the one hand an athermal glazing 1 made for example from a glass having a thickness of 6 mm. Parallel to this glazing 1 is arranged a mechanically resistant laminated glazing 2, made in fact of two resistant glass 2a and 2b each having a thickness of 4 mm. Between the two windows 2a and 2b is disposed a film 24 of a material such as butyral with a thickness of 0.8 mm. Such a set laminated has great mechanical resistance to pressure and impact.

Entre les deux vitrages 1 et 2, se trouve emprisonnée une lame d'air 3 ayant une épaisseur de 12 mm. Le panneau, qui a une forme rectangulaire, présente, sur les quatre côtés de sa périphérie, des bords formés par un profilé 4 de préférence rempli d'un matériau dessicant 5 en communication avec la lame d'air 3, des joints hermétiques en polyisobutylène 6 étant interposés entre les faces opposées respectives du profilé 4 et les faces internes des vitrages 1 et 2.Between the two panes 1 and 2, there is trapped an air space 3 having a thickness of 12 mm. The panel, which has a rectangular shape, has, on the four sides of its periphery, edges formed by a profile 4 preferably filled with a desiccant material 5 in communication with the air space 3, hermetic seals made of polyisobutylene 6 being interposed between the respective opposite faces of the profile 4 and the internal faces of the glazing 1 and 2.

Enfin, dans l'espace entre les vitrages disposé extérieurement aux profilés 4 se trouve coulé un joint élastomère 7 assurant la liaison des différents éléments entre eux et parachevant l'étanchéité du volume de la lame d'air 3. Les éléments 4, 5, 6 et 7 sont des éléments classiques bien connus dans ce type de construction, les matériaux constitutifs étant adaptés d'une façon en soi connue à l'utilisation en vitrage pare-flamme.Finally, in the space between the glazings disposed externally to the profiles 4 there is cast an elastomeric seal 7 ensuring the connection of the different elements to each other and completing the sealing of the volume of the air space 3. The elements 4, 5, 6 and 7 are conventional elements well known in this type of construction, the constituent materials being adapted in a manner known per se for use in flame-resistant glazing.

Dans le vitrage feuilleté 2 se trouve pratiqué, de préférence à proximité de l'un des bords du panneau, un trou traversant 8 de forme avantageusement cylindrique. Ce trou est traversé par un écrou 9 présentant, du côté de la lame de gaz 3, un flasque 9a qui s'applique contre la face interne de la glace 2a, avec de préférence interposition d'un petit joint annulaire 10 destiné à empêcher un contact direct entre le métal de l'écrou 9 et le verre. L'écrou 9 est réalisé en alliage de Wood fusible à une température de l'ordre de 100°.In the laminated glazing 2 is made, preferably near one of the edges of the panel, a through hole 8 of advantageously cylindrical shape. This hole is crossed by a nut 9 having, on the side of the gas slide 3, a flange 9a which is applied against the internal face of the glass 2a, preferably with the interposition of a small annular seal 10 intended to prevent a direct contact between the metal of the nut 9 and the glass. The nut 9 is made of a fusible Wood alloy at a temperature of the order of 100 °.

Dans le taraudage de l'écrou 9 se trouve vissée une vis 11, par exemple en aluminium anodisé ou en acier à surface traitée, dont la tête lla forme également un flasque semblable au flasque 9a et vient serrer contre la face externe de la glace 2b un joint annulaire torique 12 en polyisobutylène. On comprend que, lorsque la vis est suffisamment vissée et comprime suffisamment le joint, le bouchon ainsi constitué par l'écrou 9, la vis 11 et les deux joints 10 et 12 forme un obstacle hermétique empêchant toute communication entre la lame d'air et le volume extérieur à la glace 2. Si par contre un incendie se déclare dans le volume délimité par le vitrage 1, la température dudit vitrage augmente de sorte que la température de la lame d'air augmente en conséquence, la pression interne augmentant simultanément. Lorsque la température commence à dépasser 100°, l'écrou 9 se met à fondre. A ce moment-là, la vis 11 n'est plus retenue et va donc se détacher, aidée en cela par la surpression existant dans le volume 3 de sorte que ce volume se trouve mis en communication avec l'extérieur du vitrage 2.In the thread of the nut 9 is screwed a screw 11, for example of anodized aluminum or steel with treated surface, the head lla also forms a flange similar to the flange 9a and comes to tighten against the external face of the glass 2b an O-ring 12 made of polyisobutylene. It is understood that, when the screw is sufficiently tightened and sufficiently compresses the seal, the plug thus constituted by the nut 9, the screw 11 and the two seals 10 and 12 form a hermetic obstacle preventing any communication between the air space and the volume outside the glass 2. If on the other hand a fire breaks out in the volume delimited by the glazing 1, the temperature of said glazing increases so that the temperature of the air gap increases accordingly, the internal pressure increasing simultaneously. When the temperature begins to exceed 100 °, the nut 9 begins to melt. At this time, the screw 11 is no longer retained and will therefore come off, helped in this by the overpressure existing in the volume 3 so that this volume is placed in communication with the outside of the glazing 2.

Pour fabriquer le panneau selon l'invention, on perce dans le vitrage feuilleté 2 un trou avant d'effectuer le montage du panneau et on met en place l'écrou 9 avec son joint 10 puis on visse la vis 11 avec interposition du joint 12 jusqu'au serrage recherché. Ensuite, on effectue l'assemblage des vitrages 1 et 2 pour réaliser le panneau.To manufacture the panel according to the invention, a hole is drilled in the laminated glazing 2 before mounting the panel and the nut 9 is fitted with its seal 10, then the screw 11 is screwed in with the seal 12 interposed. until the desired tightening. Then, the glazing 1 and 2 are assembled to make the panel.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 2.We now refer to Figure 2.

Dans cette forme de réalisation, on a représenté un bouchon coopérant avec un trou 13 de plus petit diamètre pratiqué dans le vitrage 2. A travers le trou 13 s'étend une tige d'une pièce 14 présentant un flasque 14a avec in- terpositiondu joint 12. La partie de la tige de la pièce 14 qui émerge à l'intérieur du volume 3 se trouve noyée dans une masse 15 d'alliage de Wood située à l'intérieur d'une bague cylindrique 16 en aluminium ou en acier. De préférence, la pièce 14 est également réalisée en alliage de Wood,ce qui provoque une liaison parfaite entre la masse 15 et la tige de la pièce 14.In this embodiment, there is shown a plug cooperating with a hole 13 of smaller diameter made in the glazing 2. Through the hole 13 extends a rod of a part 14 having a flange 14a with interpositiondu seal 12. The part of the rod of the part 14 which emerges inside the volume 3 is embedded in a mass 15 of Wood alloy located inside a cylindrical ring 16 of aluminum or steel. Preferably, the part 14 is also made of Wood alloy, which causes a perfect connection between the mass 15 and the rod of the part 14.

Pour la fabrication d'un tel panneau, on réalise tout d'abord le perçage 13. La pièce 14 étant alors posée horizontalement par son flasque 14a avec sa tige dressée verticalement, on vient poser le vitrage 2 horizontalement pour faire émerger ladite tige de la pièce 14. On place ensuite la bague 16 concentriquement autour de la tige de la pièce 14 et on coule, à l'intérieur de la bague 16, un alliage de Wood formant la masse 15. Si la pièce 14 est elle-même réalisée dans le même alliage,on observe une adhérisa- tion parfaite par fusion partielle de ladite pièce lors de la coulée et on obtient un ensemble d'un seul tenant. Le cas échéant, la tige de la pièce 14 peut être cannelée ou présenter d'autres reliefs facilitant l'accrochage de la masse coulée.For the manufacture of such a panel, first of all the drilling 13 is carried out. The part 14 then being placed horizontally by its flange 14a with its rod erected vertically, the glazing 2 is placed horizontally to cause said rod to emerge from the Exhibit 14. We place then the ring 16 concentrically around the rod of the part 14 and a Wood alloy forming the mass 15 is poured inside the ring 16. If the part 14 is itself made of the same alloy, a perfect adhesion is observed by partial melting of said part during casting and a whole is obtained in one piece. Where appropriate, the rod of the part 14 can be grooved or have other reliefs facilitating the attachment of the cast mass.

Par ailleurs, on comprend que, bien que l'on préfère utiliser un alliage métallique tel qu'un alliage de Wood, on pourrait, dans le cas des figures 1 et 2, réaliser des écrous tels que 9 ou la masse telle que 15 en un matériau synthétique thermoplastique ou thermofusible.Furthermore, it is understood that, although it is preferred to use a metal alloy such as a Wood alloy, one could, in the case of FIGS. 1 and 2, make nuts such as 9 or the mass such as 15 in a thermoplastic or hot-melt synthetic material.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 3.We now refer to Figure 3.

Dans cette forme de réalisation, on a pratiqué, dans le vitrage 2, un perçage 17 de grand diamètre. Le bouchon est constitué par une pièce en matière thermoplastique élastique 18 qui, au repos, présente un diamètre extérieur un peu inférieur au diamètre du perçage 17. La masse thermo- plastiaue 18 est traversée par un boulon 19 dont la tête prend 19a /appui sur la face externe de la masse 18 par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle 20. Du côté de la lame d'air 3, se trouve vissé sur le boulon 19 un écrou 21 avec interposition d'une rondelle 22. On comprend qu'en serrant le boulon et l'écrou, on provoque une compression de la masse 18 dont le diamètre s'élargit et dont la périphérie vient alors en contact serré avec la paroi cylindrique du perçage 17. De préférence, on interpose, entre la périphérie de la masse 18 et la paroi de l'orifice 17, un joint 23 en polyisobutylène qui se trouve écrasé entre la masse thermoplastique 18 et la paroi du perçage 17. Le joint 23 peut avoir une forme quelconque, par exemple être un joint cylindrique ou au contraire être un joint torique et, dans ce cas, on peut éventuellement prévoir dès l'origine, dans la périphérie de la masse 18, une gorge dans laquelle le joint 23 est partiellement engagé.In this embodiment, a hole 17 of large diameter has been made in the glazing 2. The plug consists of a piece of elastic thermoplastic material 18 which, at rest, has an outside diameter slightly less than the diameter of the bore 17. The thermoplastic mass 18 is crossed by a bolt 19 the head of which takes 19a / rests on the external face of the mass 18 by means of a washer 20. On the side of the air gap 3, there is screwed onto the bolt 19 a nut 21 with the interposition of a washer 22. It is understood that tightening the bolt and the nut, a compression of the mass 18 is caused, the diameter of which widens and the periphery of which then comes into tight contact with the cylindrical wall of the bore 17. Preferably, between the periphery of the mass 18 and the wall of the orifice 17, a polyisobutylene seal 23 which is crushed between the thermoplastic mass 18 and the wall of the bore 17. The seal 23 may have any shape, for example be a cylindrical seal or on the contrary be an O-ring and, in this case, o n may optionally provide from the outset, in the periphery of the mass 18, a groove in which the seal 23 is partially engaged.

Le matériau formant la masse 18 est élastiquement déformable et thermoplastique.The material forming the mass 18 is elastically deformable and thermoplastic.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 4 à 7 qui illustrent des étapes successives de la fabrication d'un panneau établi selon une variante de la figure 2. Dans ces figures, on n'a représenté que le vitrage mécaniquement résistant 2, placé horizontalement avec la glace extérieure 2b située au-dessous de la glace intérieure 2a.Reference is now made to FIGS. 4 to 7 which illustrate successive stages in the manufacture of a panel established according to a variant of FIG. 2. In these figures, only the mechanically resistant glazing 2 has been shown, placed horizontally with the exterior window 2b located below interior window 2a.

Dans la première étape du procédé représentée à la figure 4, un trou 25 est percé dans le vitrage 2. Dans la deuxième étape représentée à la figure 5, un corps de soupape 26, en alliage fusible (alliage de Wood ou dérivé), est mis en place. Ce corps de soupape 26 comprend une tige 27, de diamètre nettement plus petit que celui du trou 25, et une tête 28, de diamètre nettement plus grand que celui de ce trou 25. La tige 27 est engagée dans le trou 25 et la tête 28 repose contre la face inférieure du vitrage 2, avec interposition d'un joint 29 en polyisobutylène.In the first step of the process shown in Figure 4, a hole 25 is drilled in the glazing 2. In the second step shown in Figure 5, a valve body 26, made of a fusible alloy (Wood alloy or derivative), is put in place. This valve body 26 comprises a rod 27, of diameter significantly smaller than that of the hole 25, and a head 28, of diameter significantly larger than that of this hole 25. The rod 27 is engaged in the hole 25 and the head 28 rests against the underside of the glazing 2, with the interposition of a seal 29 made of polyisobutylene.

Dans la troisième étape représentée à la figure 6, le vitrage 2 est poussé vers le bas de façon à comprimer le joint 29 et une rondelle 30 en forme de cuvette est placée sur le dessus du vitrage 2, avec interposition d'un deuxième joint 31 en polyisobutylène. Le diamètre intérieur minimal de la rondelle 30 est du même ordre de grandeur que le diamètre du trou 25. Dans la quatrième étape représentée à la figure 7, on coule, à l'intérieur du trou 25 (dans l'espace laissé libre par la tige 27) et de la rondelle 30, une masse d'alliage fusible 32 qui se soude au corps de soupape 26.In the third step shown in Figure 6, the glazing 2 is pushed down so as to compress the seal 29 and a washer 30 in the form of a bowl is placed on top of the glazing 2, with the interposition of a second seal 31 made of polyisobutylene. The minimum internal diameter of the washer 30 is of the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the hole 25. In the fourth step shown in FIG. 7, one pours, inside the hole 25 (in the space left free by the rod 27) and of the washer 30, a mass of fusible alloy 32 which is welded to the valve body 26.

Dans les phases finales (non représentées) du procédé, on procède à l'assemblage du vitrage 2 et du vitrage athermique 1 de la façon décrite ci-dessus.In the final stages (not shown) of the process, the glazing 2 and the thermal glazing 1 are assembled in the manner described above.

On obtient ainsi un panneau caractérisé en ce que le bouchon est constitué par une masse 26, 32 de matériau fusible ayant la forme d'un rivet dont la tige occupe le perçage 25 et dont les têtes opposées reposent sur les faces opposées du vitrage mécaniquement résistant 2 par l'intermédiaire de joints d'étanchéité en compression 29, 31.A panel is thus obtained, characterized in that the plug is constituted by a mass 26, 32 of mate a fusible link having the shape of a rivet the rod of which occupies the bore 25 and the opposite heads of which rest on the opposite faces of the mechanically resistant glazing 2 by means of compression seals 29, 31.

Bien que l'invention ait été décrite à propos de formes de réalisation particulières, il est bien entendu qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'on peut lui apporter diverses modifications de forme ou de matériau sans pour cela s'éloigner ni de son cadre, ni de son esprit.Although the invention has been described with regard to particular embodiments, it is understood that it is in no way limited thereto and that it can be made various modifications of shape or material without thereby departing from or of its frame, nor of its spirit.

Claims (13)

1. Panneau vitré comportant au moins un vitrage pare-flamme (1) délimitant un volume ou local à l'intérieur duquel peut se produire un incendie, au moins un vitrage mécaniquement résistant (2) disposé du côté opposé audit local et parallèlement au premier vitrage avec interposition d'une lame de gaz (3) contenue dans un volume interne hermétique, caractérisé en ce que ledit vitrage mécaniquement résistant (2) est muni d.' un perçage (8, 13,17,25) hermétiquement obturé par un bouchon (9 + 11, 14 + 15, 18, 26 + 32) réalisé en un matériau fusible à une température relativement basse.1. Glazed panel comprising at least one flame-resistant glazing (1) delimiting a volume or room inside which a fire may occur, at least one mechanically resistant glazing (2) placed on the side opposite said room and parallel to the first glazing with interposition of a gas slide (3) contained in an airtight internal volume, characterized in that said mechanically resistant glazing (2) is provided with. a bore (8, 13,17,25) hermetically sealed by a plug (9 + 11, 14 + 15, 18, 26 + 32) made of a fusible material at a relatively low temperature. 2. Panneau selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau fond à une température de l'ordre de 70 à 150°C,notamment 100°C.2. Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that said material melts at a temperature of the order of 70 to 150 ° C, especially 100 ° C. 3. Panneau selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau fusible est un alliage de Wood ou dérivé.3. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the fusible material is a Wood alloy or derivative. 4. Panneau selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau fusible est un matériau synthétique thermoplastique ou thermofusible non métallique.4. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the fusible material is a non-metallic thermoplastic or hot-melt synthetic material. 5. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit bouchon comporte, de part et d'autre du vitrage mécaniquement résistant (2) deux flasques (9a - lla) prenant appui sur ledit vitrage par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un joint (12), les deux flasques étant reliés l'un à l'autre afin d'assurer la compression du joint.5. Panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said plug comprises, on either side of the mechanically resistant glazing (2) two flanges (9a - lla) bearing on said glazing by the intermediate of at least one seal (12), the two flanges being connected to one another in order to ensure the compression of the seal. 6. Panneau selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le bouchon comporte un écrou (9) avec flasque (9a), disposé à travers le perçage (8), une vis (11) étant vissée à l'intérieur de l'écrou pour assurer la compression du joint (12).6. Panel according to claim 5, characterized in that the plug comprises a nut (9) with flange (9a), disposed through the bore (8), a screw (11) being screwed inside the nut to ensure compression of the seal (12). 7. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pièce7. Panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a part (14) traversant le perçage (13) et présentant un flasque (14a) pour la compression d'un joint (12), cette pièce présentant un prolongement émergeant de l'autre côté du vitrage par rapport aux flasques pour être noyé à l'intérieur d'une masse (15) coulée et solidifiée.(14) passing through the bore (13) and having a flange (14a) for the compression of a seal (12), this part having an extension emerging from the other side of the glazing relative to the flanges to be embedded inside a mass (15) cast and solidified. 8. Panneau selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau (15) est coulé à l'intérieur d'une bague (16) convenablement disposée, pendant l'opération de coulée, contre la face correspondante du vitrage (2).8. Panel according to claim 7, characterized in that said material (15) is cast inside a ring (16) suitably arranged, during the casting operation, against the corresponding face of the glazing (2). 9. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 4, caractérisé en ce que le bouchon est constitué par une masse (26, 32) de matériau fusible ayant la forme d'un rivet dont la tige occupe le perçage (25) et dont les têtes opposées reposent sur les faces opposées du vitrage mécaniquement résistant (2) par l'intermédiaire de joints d'étanchéité en compression (29, 31).9. Panel according to any one of claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the plug is constituted by a mass (26, 32) of fusible material having the shape of a rivet whose rod occupies the bore (25) and the opposite heads of which rest on the opposite faces of the mechanically resistant glazing (2) by means of compression seals (29, 31). 10. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le bouchon comporte un corps (18) radialement expansible traversé par une tige pour être serré entre deux flasques (20, 22) posés de part et d'autre et susceptibles d'être rapprochés l'un de l'autre par vissage pour provoquer une expansion radiale mettant la masse du corps au contact de la paroi cylindrique du trou (17).10. Panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plug comprises a body (18) radially expandable crossed by a rod to be clamped between two flanges (20, 22) placed on either side and capable of being brought closer to each other by screwing to cause a radial expansion bringing the mass of the body into contact with the cylindrical wall of the hole (17). 11. Panneau selon la revendication 10., caractérisé en ce qu'à la périphérie du corps est disposé un joint d'étanchéité (23).11. Panel according to claim 10., characterized in that at the periphery of the body is disposed a seal (23). 12. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le joint d'étanchéité est réalisé en un matériau non adhérent ou non collable, notamment du polyisobutylène.12. Panel according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the seal is made of a non-adhesive or non-stickable material, in particular polyisobutylene.
EP83402440A 1982-12-20 1983-12-16 Fire-resistant glazing panels Expired EP0114551B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83402440T ATE25738T1 (en) 1982-12-20 1983-12-16 FIRE-RESISTANT GLAZING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8221298 1982-11-20
FR8221298A FR2538025A1 (en) 1982-12-20 1982-12-20 IMPROVEMENT IN THE FLAME PROTECTION PANELS

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EP0114551A1 true EP0114551A1 (en) 1984-08-01
EP0114551B1 EP0114551B1 (en) 1987-03-04

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US (1) US4587784A (en)
EP (1) EP0114551B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE25738T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1243243A (en)
DE (1) DE3370049D1 (en)
ES (1) ES276391Y (en)
FR (1) FR2538025A1 (en)

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EP0064469A1 (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-11-10 Boutarin née Sabatier, Mireille Manufacturing and mounting method for insulating multiwalled panels, especially intended for the glazing of structures
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US2784462A (en) * 1954-01-22 1957-03-12 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Sealing means for glazing unit
US2805452A (en) * 1954-07-06 1957-09-10 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Sealing means for glazing unit
GB997856A (en) * 1960-10-17 1965-07-07 Bernard Paul Manfred Schwartz Improvements relating to double glazing units
FR2141849A1 (en) * 1971-06-18 1973-01-26 Glaverbel
US4113904A (en) * 1974-12-03 1978-09-12 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen. Fire resistant windows
EP0064469A1 (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-11-10 Boutarin née Sabatier, Mireille Manufacturing and mounting method for insulating multiwalled panels, especially intended for the glazing of structures
GB2101664A (en) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-19 Zeiss Stiftung Fire resistant multiple glazing unit

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DE3637064C1 (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-03-10 Schott Glaswerke Pressure compensation system for fire protection glazing
GB2264141A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-08-18 Jonathon Milsom Glazed unit with safety valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3370049D1 (en) 1987-04-09
ATE25738T1 (en) 1987-03-15
CA1243243A (en) 1988-10-18
FR2538025B1 (en) 1985-05-03
ES276391U (en) 1984-08-01
FR2538025A1 (en) 1984-06-22
ES276391Y (en) 1985-03-01
EP0114551B1 (en) 1987-03-04
US4587784A (en) 1986-05-13

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