EP0108743B1 - Hollow panel with spaced covering sheets arranged in parallel - Google Patents

Hollow panel with spaced covering sheets arranged in parallel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108743B1
EP0108743B1 EP83890180A EP83890180A EP0108743B1 EP 0108743 B1 EP0108743 B1 EP 0108743B1 EP 83890180 A EP83890180 A EP 83890180A EP 83890180 A EP83890180 A EP 83890180A EP 0108743 B1 EP0108743 B1 EP 0108743B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
webs
web
cover plate
thickness
region
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83890180A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108743A1 (en
Inventor
Elisabeth Hirsch
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General Electric Plastics Structured Products Europe BV
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General Electric Plastics Structured Products Europe BV
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Publication of EP0108743A1 publication Critical patent/EP0108743A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E04C2/543—Hollow multi-walled panels with integrated webs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow-chamber plate with cover surfaces arranged at a distance and parallel to one another and in each case arranged at the same distance parallel to one another and connecting webs connecting the cover surfaces to one another.
  • Hiebei can be single or multiple hollow chamber plates.
  • Such hollow chamber sheets made of thermoplastic material that can be produced in the economical extrusion process are widely known and have already been used, for. B. proven as a replacement for glass or as additional glazing.
  • the object of the present invention is now to create a hollow chamber plate of the type described at the outset which, with only a slight increase in weight, has substantially better strength values.
  • This is achieved according to the invention in that the inside of at least one cover surface has a curved course between the webs, a circle which can be written into the cross section of the connection region of the webs to this cover surface with tangential contact with both the outside and the inside of the cover surface having a radius , which corresponds to about 1 to 4 times the thickness of the web.
  • Such a hollow chamber plate surprisingly has an increased flexural strength, in particular in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web, wherein if only one curved inner side is used, this is always turned towards the outer side in use.
  • the arched course of at least one inside of the top surface creates, in particular, an increased resistance to buckling of the top surface regions lying between the webs.
  • the hollow chamber plate designed according to the invention has a stiffness in the transverse direction that is almost the same as the stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the web. Larger areas can advantageously be covered without supporting elements.
  • the radius corresponds approximately to the thickness of the web, the thickness of the middle area of the cover surface lying between two webs corresponding to at least 0.5 times the thickness of the web, preferably the thickness of the web.
  • curvature cross section is symmetrical with respect to a central plane running in the longitudinal direction of the web.
  • the arrangement can be such that - seen in cross-section - the curvature of the curved inside has a continuous course from the connection area of a web to the middle surface area between two webs. This enables a further increase in the rigidity or a design with less material expenditure with the same rigidity.
  • another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the spacing of the webs from one another is approximately twice as large as the spacing of the two top surfaces from one another.
  • the hollow chamber plate 1 is formed from two cover surfaces 2, 3 arranged parallel to one another and from webs 4 which run perpendicular to it and are arranged parallel to one another. In the area of intersection of the webs 4 with the upper cover surface 2, the inside of which is curved.
  • This curvature can be seen in cross section, for. B. correspond to the course of an ellipse or a line course composed of at least two cross arches.
  • connection of the curvature to the vertical wall of the web is made with a curvature equal to zero.
  • a circle 6 can be written into the mass accumulation of the intersection area, which tangentially touches both the outer surface of the upper cover surface 2 and the curved inner surface.
  • a radius 7 of the circle 6 is one third larger than the thickness a of the web 4.
  • the upper cover surface 2 is used as the outside. If wind pressure, precipitation, in particular snow or the like cause forces in the direction of arrow 8 on the hollow chamber plate 1, then there is a bending stress which leads to a tensile load on the lower cover surface and a pressure load on the upper cover surface 3 or 2 .
  • This pressure load in the longitudinal direction of the webs 4 can be counteracted in a satisfactory manner by their high bending strength.
  • the situation is different in the transverse direction of the hollow chamber plate 1 extending in the longitudinal direction of the web.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)

Abstract

1. A hollow-chamber box panel comprising relatively parallel and spaced outer cover plates and respectively equidistant, relatively parallel webs mutually connecting the cover plates, characterised in that the interior side of at least one cover plate (2) has an arcuate configuration in the region between the webs (4), such that a circle (6) which could be inscribed in the cross section of the region where the webs join this cover plate touching tangentially the outside as well as the inside of the cover plate (2) has a radius which corresponds to approximately 1 to 4 times the thickness of the web (4).

Description

Die Efindung betrifft eine Hohlkammerplatte mit im Abstand und parallel zueinander angeordneten Deckflächen und jeweils im gleichen Abstand parallel zueinander angeordneten, die Deckflächen miteinander verbindenden Stegen. Hiebei kann es sich um Einfach- oder Mehrfachhohlkammerplatten handeln.The invention relates to a hollow-chamber plate with cover surfaces arranged at a distance and parallel to one another and in each case arranged at the same distance parallel to one another and connecting webs connecting the cover surfaces to one another. Hiebei can be single or multiple hollow chamber plates.

Derartige im wirtschaftlichen Extrusionsverfahren herstellbare Hohlkammerplatten aus thermoplastichem Kunststoff sind vielfach bekannt und haben sich bereits z. B. als Glasscheibenersatz oder als Zusatzverglasung bewährt.Such hollow chamber sheets made of thermoplastic material that can be produced in the economical extrusion process are widely known and have already been used, for. B. proven as a replacement for glass or as additional glazing.

Es ist aber auch gemäß EP-A-54 856 bekannt, zur Erhöhung der Biege- und Torsionssteifigkeit derartiger Hohlkammerplatten zusätzliche Stege anzuordnen, die mit den Seitenflächen einen von 90° abweichenden Winkel von 75° bis 25° bilden, wobei jeweils mindestens zwei Stege an der gleichen oder nahezu gleichen Stelle einer Platte befestigt sind. Die damit erzielbare Festigkeitserhöhung hat allerdings auch eine beträchtliche und demgemäß nachteilige Gewichtserhöhung zur Folge.However, it is also known according to EP-A-54 856 to arrange additional webs to increase the bending and torsional rigidity of such hollow chamber plates, which form an angle of 75 ° to 25 ° deviating from 90 ° with the side surfaces, at least two webs each are attached to the same or almost the same place on a plate. However, the increase in strength that can be achieved with this also results in a considerable and accordingly disadvantageous increase in weight.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht nun darin, eine Hohlkammerplatte der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, die bei lediglich geringer Gewichtserhöhung wesentlich bessere Festigkeitswerte aufweist. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß die Innenseite wenigstens einer Deckfläche jeweils zwischen den Stegen einen gewölbten Verlauf aufweist, wobei ein in den Querschnitt des Anschlußbereiches der Stege an diese Deckfläche unter tangentialer Berührung sowohl der Außenseite als auch der Innenseite der Deckfläche einschreibbarer Kreis einen Radius aufweist, der etwa der 1 bis 4-fachen Dicke des Steges entspricht.The object of the present invention is now to create a hollow chamber plate of the type described at the outset which, with only a slight increase in weight, has substantially better strength values. This is achieved according to the invention in that the inside of at least one cover surface has a curved course between the webs, a circle which can be written into the cross section of the connection region of the webs to this cover surface with tangential contact with both the outside and the inside of the cover surface having a radius , which corresponds to about 1 to 4 times the thickness of the web.

Eine derartig ausgebildete Hohlkammerplatte weist in überraschender Weise insbesondere in zur Steglängsrichtung querverlaufender Richtung eine erhöhte Biegefestigkeit auf, wobei bei Ausbildung mit lediglich einer gewölbten Innenseite diese im Einsatz stets der Außenseite zugewendet wird. Durch den gewölbten Verlauf wenigstens einer Deckflächeninnenseite wird insbesondere eine erhöhte Knickfestigkeit der zwischen den Stegen liegenden Deckflächenbereiche geschaffen. Auf Grund dieser erhöhten Knickfestigkeit weist die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Hohlkammerplatte eine der Steifigkeit in Steglängsrichtung beinahe gleiche Steifigkeit in Querrichtung auf. Dabei können in vorteilhafter Weise größere Flächen ohne Stützelemente abgedeckt werden.Such a hollow chamber plate surprisingly has an increased flexural strength, in particular in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the web, wherein if only one curved inner side is used, this is always turned towards the outer side in use. The arched course of at least one inside of the top surface creates, in particular, an increased resistance to buckling of the top surface regions lying between the webs. Because of this increased buckling strength, the hollow chamber plate designed according to the invention has a stiffness in the transverse direction that is almost the same as the stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the web. Larger areas can advantageously be covered without supporting elements.

Diese Vorteile der Festigkeitserhöhung sind lediglich durch eine minimale Wandstärkenerweiterung im Bereich einer der beiden Deckflächen erzielbar. Durch das Verhältnis der Stegdicke zu dem im Kreuzungspunkt Steg-Deckfläche einschreibbaren Kreis wird ein vorteilhafter Bereich einer Masseanhäufung zur Erhöhung insbesondere der Plattenquersteifigkeit bei einer lediglich minimalen Gewichtserhöhung festgelegt.These advantages of increasing the strength can only be achieved by minimally increasing the wall thickness in the area of one of the two cover surfaces. The ratio of the web thickness to the circle that can be written at the crossover point of the web top surface defines an advantageous range of mass accumulation for increasing, in particular, the transverse plate rigidity with only a minimal increase in weight.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung entspricht der Radius etwa der Dicke des Steges, wobei die Dicke des zwischen zwei Stegen liegenden Decklfächen-Mittelbereiches mindestens dem 0,5fachen der Dicke des Steges, vorzugsweise der Dicke des Steges, entspricht. Mit dieser bevorzugten Ausbildung ist ein optimales Verhältnis zwischen der durch die Wandverdickung erzielbaren Erhöhung der Plattensteifigkeit, insbesondere Biegefestigkeit einerseits und einer lediglich minimalen Gewichtserhöhung 'andererseits erzielbar.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the radius corresponds approximately to the thickness of the web, the thickness of the middle area of the cover surface lying between two webs corresponding to at least 0.5 times the thickness of the web, preferably the thickness of the web. With this preferred embodiment is an optimal ratio between the achievable through the wall thickening increase in plate rigidity, particularly the bending strength of a part, and only a minimal increase in weight 'on the other hand obtained.

Eine andere Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß der Wölbungsquerschnitt symmetrisch in Bezug auf eine in Steglängsrichtung verlaufende Mittelebene ausgebildet ist. Mit dieser symmetrischen Ausbildung ist eine homogene Festigkeitsstruktur über den gesamten Querschnitt der Platte erzielbar.Another development of the invention consists in that the curvature cross section is symmetrical with respect to a central plane running in the longitudinal direction of the web. With this symmetrical design, a homogeneous strength structure can be achieved over the entire cross section of the plate.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Hohlkammerplatte kann die Anordnung so getroffen sein, daß - im Querschnitt gesehen- die Krümmung der gewölbten Innenseite vom Anschlußbereich eines Steges bis zu dem zwischen zwei Stegen liegenden Deckflächen-Mittelbereich einen stetigen Verlauf aufweist. Hiedurch ist eine weitere Erhöhung der Steifigkeit bzw. eine Ausbildung mit geringerem Materialaufwand bei gleicher Steifigkeit möglich.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the twin-wall sheet according to the invention, the arrangement can be such that - seen in cross-section - the curvature of the curved inside has a continuous course from the connection area of a web to the middle surface area between two webs. This enables a further increase in the rigidity or a design with less material expenditure with the same rigidity.

Schließlich ist eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand der Stege zueinander etwa doppelt so groß ist, wie der Abstand der beiden Deckflächen zueinander. Mit einer derartigen Ausbildung kann bei möglichst geringer Anzahl von Stegen eine ausreichend hohe Längs- und Quersteifigkeit erzielt werden.Finally, another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the spacing of the webs from one another is approximately twice as large as the spacing of the two top surfaces from one another. With such a design, a sufficiently high longitudinal and transverse stiffness can be achieved with the smallest possible number of webs.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles näher beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Die Hohlkammerplatte 1 ist aus zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Deckflächen 2, 3 und aus senkrecht dazu verlaufenden, parallel zueinander angeordneten Stegen 4 gebildet. Im Kreuzungsbereich der Stege 4 mit der oberen Deckfläche 2 ist deren Innenseite gewölbt ausgebildet. Diese Wölbung kann im Querschnitt gesehen z. B. dem Verlauf einer Ellipse oder einem aus wenigstens zwei Kreuzbögen zusammengesetzten Linienverlauf entsprechen. Aus Gründen einer weitgehenden Erhöhung der Festigkeit ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn. für die Wölbung ein solcher Querschnitts-Linienzug gewählt wird, dessen Krümmung ausgehend vom Anschlußbereich an die vertikal verlaufende Innenwand des Steges bis zu dem zwischen zwei Stegen 4 liegenden Deckflächen-Mittelbereich 5 stetig, d. h. ohne Knickstellen verläuft. Insbesondere von Vorteil ist in diesem Zusammenhang, daß der Anschluß der Wölbung an die Vertikalwand des Steges mit einer Krümmung gleich Null erfolgt. In die Masseanhäufung des Kreuzungsbereiches ist ein Kreis 6 einschreibbar, der sowohl die Außenfläche der oberen Deckfläche 2 als auch die gewölbt ausgebildete Innenfläcfie tangential berührt. Ein Radius 7 des Kreises 6 ist um ein Drittel größer als die Dicke a des Steges 4.The hollow chamber plate 1 is formed from two cover surfaces 2, 3 arranged parallel to one another and from webs 4 which run perpendicular to it and are arranged parallel to one another. In the area of intersection of the webs 4 with the upper cover surface 2, the inside of which is curved. This curvature can be seen in cross section, for. B. correspond to the course of an ellipse or a line course composed of at least two cross arches. For reasons of a substantial increase in strength, it is particularly advantageous if. for the curvature, such a cross-sectional line is selected, the curvature of which extends continuously from the connection area to the vertically running inner wall of the web up to the middle surface area 5 lying between two webs 4, ie without kinks. Especially from before part in this context is that the connection of the curvature to the vertical wall of the web is made with a curvature equal to zero. A circle 6 can be written into the mass accumulation of the intersection area, which tangentially touches both the outer surface of the upper cover surface 2 and the curved inner surface. A radius 7 of the circle 6 is one third larger than the thickness a of the web 4.

Wird die beispielsweise aus schlagzähem, durchsichtigem Kunstsstiff im Extrusionsverfahren gefertigte Hohlkammerplatte 1 zur Abdeckung eines Glashauses verwendet, so wird die obere Deckfläche 2 als Außenseite eingesetzt. Wirken nun durch Winddruck, Niederschlag, insbesondere Schnee od. dgl. bedingte Kräfte in Richtung des Pfeils 8 auf die Hohlkammerplatte 1, dann kommt est zu einer Biegebeanspruchung, die zu einer Zugbelastung der unteren und zu einer Druckbelastung der oberen Deckfläche 3 bzw. 2 führt. Dieser Druckbelastung kann in Längsrichtung der Stege 4 durch deren hohe Biegefestigkeit in zufriedenstellender Weise begegnet werden. Anders verhält es sich aber in der zur Steglängsrichtung verlaufenden Querrichtung der Hohlkammerplatte 1. In dieser Querrichtung hat die erwähnte Druckbelastung der oberen Deckfläche 2 in den bisher bekannten, eingangs beschriebenen Ausführungen häufig in Ein- bzw. Ausknicken des Deckflächen-Mittelbereiches 5 bewirkt. Infolge der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung der oberen Deckfläche 2 wird diesen durch einen strichlierten Doppelpfeil 9 dargestellten, die Knickung bewirkenden Kräften ein erhöhter Widerstand entgegengesetzt. Dieser erhöhte Widerstand wird dadurch erzielt, daß die Wanddicke -ausgehend vom mittig zwischen den Stegen 4 befindlichen Deckflächen-Mittelbereich 5- in Richtung zum Steg 4 jeweils stetig zunimmt, also die Deckflächeninnenseite gewölbt ausgebildet ist. Dadurch wird dem im Kreuzungsbereich des Steges 4 mit der oberen Deckfläche 2 wirkenden maximalen Kipp- bzw. Drehmoment mit der in diesem Bereich vorhandenen Masseanhäufung auch der größte Widerstand entgegengesetzt. Durch die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Hohlkammerplatte 1 sind daher bei lediglich geringfügiger Gewichtserhöhung größere Spannweiten überdeckbar, wobei über die nötige Eigentragfähigkeit hinaus genügend hohe Festigkeiten zur Aufnahme erhöhter Druckbelastungen vorliegen. Durch die Verbesserung der Querfestigkeit wird erfindungsgemäß das statische Verhalten eines Trägers gleicher Festigkeit mit den damit verbundenen Vorteilen erreicht.If, for example, the hollow chamber plate 1 made of impact-resistant, transparent plastic in the extrusion process is used to cover a glass house, the upper cover surface 2 is used as the outside. If wind pressure, precipitation, in particular snow or the like cause forces in the direction of arrow 8 on the hollow chamber plate 1, then there is a bending stress which leads to a tensile load on the lower cover surface and a pressure load on the upper cover surface 3 or 2 . This pressure load in the longitudinal direction of the webs 4 can be counteracted in a satisfactory manner by their high bending strength. However, the situation is different in the transverse direction of the hollow chamber plate 1 extending in the longitudinal direction of the web. In this transverse direction, the aforementioned pressure loading of the upper cover surface 2 in the previously known designs described at the beginning has often caused the central surface area 5 to buckle or buckle. As a result of the design of the upper cover surface 2 according to the invention, these are represented by a dashed double arrow 9, the forces causing the buckling, an increased resistance. This increased resistance is achieved in that the wall thickness - starting from the middle of the top surface area 5 located between the webs 4 - increases steadily in the direction of the web 4, that is to say the inside of the top surface is curved. As a result, the maximum tilting or torque acting in the crossover area of the web 4 with the upper cover surface 2 is also opposed to the greatest resistance with the mass accumulation present in this area. Due to the hollow-chamber plate 1 designed according to the invention, larger spans can therefore be covered with only a slight increase in weight, and in addition to the necessary inherent load-bearing capacity, there are sufficiently high strengths to absorb increased pressure loads. By improving the transverse strength, the static behavior of a carrier of the same strength is achieved with the associated advantages.

Claims (5)

1. A hollow-chamber box panel comprising relatively parallel and spaced outer cover plates and respectively equidistant, relatively parallel webs mutually connecting the cover plates, characterised in that the interior side of at least one cover plate (2) has an arcuate configuration in the region between the webs (4), such that a circle (6) which could be inscribed in the cross section of the region where the webs join this cover plate touching tangentially the outside as well as the inside of the cover plate (2) has a radius which corresponds to approximately 1 to 4 times the thickness of the web (4).
2. A box panel according to Claim 1, characterised in that the radius (7) corresponds approximately to the thickness of the web (4), with the thickness of the cover plate middle region (5) between two webs (4) corresponding to at least 0.5 times the thickness of the web (4), preferably to the actual thickness of the web.
3. A box panel according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the arcuate cross section is symmetrical relative to a medial plane extending in the longitudinal direction of the webs.
4. A box panel according to Claim 1, 2 or 3 characterised in that, as viewed in cross section, the curvature of the arcuate interior side follows a steady curve from the region of junction of one web to the middle region (5) of the cover plate between two webs (4).
5. A box panel according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the relative spacing of the webs (4) is approximately twice the value of the relative spacing of the two outer cover plates (2, 3).
EP83890180A 1982-10-13 1983-10-12 Hollow panel with spaced covering sheets arranged in parallel Expired EP0108743B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0378282A AT374866B (en) 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 CAVE CHAMBER PANEL WITH COVERED SURFACES IN A DISTANCE AND PARALLEL
AT3782/82 1982-10-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0108743A1 EP0108743A1 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0108743B1 true EP0108743B1 (en) 1986-05-28

Family

ID=3555355

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83890180A Expired EP0108743B1 (en) 1982-10-13 1983-10-12 Hollow panel with spaced covering sheets arranged in parallel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0108743B1 (en)
AT (2) AT374866B (en)
DE (1) DE3363797D1 (en)
DK (1) DK467483A (en)
FI (1) FI833640A (en)
NO (1) NO833694L (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3521848A1 (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-01-15 Moench Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Cavity slab
US5487930A (en) * 1991-10-03 1996-01-30 Tolo, Inc. Three structure structural element with interlocking ribbing
BE1013882A3 (en) * 2000-12-22 2002-11-05 Paneltim Nv Separation panel for a dog residence and method for manufacturing of such separation panel.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4271103A (en) * 1979-01-26 1981-06-02 Mcalister Roy E Plastic solar panel structure and method for making the same
FR2468081A1 (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-04-30 Phenol Eng SOLAR CAPTOR
DE8235298U1 (en) * 1982-12-16 1983-06-23 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen ROCK DOUBLE PLATE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK467483A (en) 1984-04-14
NO833694L (en) 1984-04-16
DE3363797D1 (en) 1986-07-03
ATA378282A (en) 1983-10-15
ATE20110T1 (en) 1986-06-15
FI833640A (en) 1984-04-14
DK467483D0 (en) 1983-10-11
AT374866B (en) 1984-06-12
EP0108743A1 (en) 1984-05-16
FI833640A0 (en) 1983-10-07

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