EP0107833A1 - Device for measuring undulating deformations of the rail-head surface of a railway track - Google Patents

Device for measuring undulating deformations of the rail-head surface of a railway track Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107833A1
EP0107833A1 EP83110242A EP83110242A EP0107833A1 EP 0107833 A1 EP0107833 A1 EP 0107833A1 EP 83110242 A EP83110242 A EP 83110242A EP 83110242 A EP83110242 A EP 83110242A EP 0107833 A1 EP0107833 A1 EP 0107833A1
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Prior art keywords
rail
deformations
wavelength
chassis
wave
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EP83110242A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0107833B1 (en
Inventor
Romolo Panetti
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Speno International SA
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Speno International SA
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Priority to AT83110242T priority Critical patent/ATE20924T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B35/00—Applications of measuring apparatus or devices for track-building purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/16—Guiding or measuring means, e.g. for alignment, canting, stepwise propagation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for measuring the wave deformations of the running surface of the rails of a railroad track.
  • deformations are classified essentially according to their causes and effects in different wavelength ranges (short waves from 3 to 30 cm, and long waves from 30 cm to 3 m).
  • This control is carried out by means of appropriate measuring devices equipping an autonomous measurement vehicle or the rectification vehicle itself.
  • Known measuring devices include one or more distance detectors, mechanical or electronic or other, mounted on a frame which serves as a reference base and bears on the running surface of the rail, either by means of rollers or by one or two pads rigidly fixed to this chassis.
  • Such measuring devices are described for example in patents CH 630,015 or FR 2,485,183.
  • the surface of the rail comprises deformations of long wavelength to which superimposed deformations of short wavelength.
  • the output signal delivered by the distance detector d carried by the reference base r is not only a function of the short or long wave undulations of the rail, but also of the position of the reference base r with respect to this rail which is modified, during the movement of the chassis along the rail, by the wave deformations of the rail. Indeed, the chassis follows, by its rollers or its skids, the peaks and valleys of wave deformations thus modifying the position of the reference base, and therefore its distance from the rail so that the measurement made by the detector d is affected.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the wave deformations of the running surface of the rails of a railroad which is of simple construction, of adjustment and of easy maintenance and whose position of the reference base is not influenced by wave deformations of short wavelength, and which allows the determination of wave wear long wave, as well as short wave.
  • the present measuring device is distinguished by the characteristics listed in claim 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of the measuring device resting on a rail and connected to a railway vehicle.
  • Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the measuring device of Figure 1 in a valley, respectively on a vertex of a wave deformation of long wavelength of the rail.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the processing of the signal delivered by the distance detector of the measuring device of FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the measuring device.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a variant of the oscillating pads of the measuring device.
  • the device for measuring the wave deformations of a rail illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6 comprises a chassis 1 carrying at least one distance detector 2, mechanical, electronic or other, delivering a signal representative of the distance separating the reference base , constituted by the position in space of the chassis 1, of a point on the surface of the rail 3.
  • this rail comprises wave deformations of short wavelength e superimposed on wave deformations of long wavelength L.
  • This frame 1 of the measuring device bears on the surface of the rail 3 by means of two pads 4, 4 ′ articulated on the frame around axes 5, 5 ′ normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail. These axes are preferably substantially parallel to the running surface of the rail.
  • each shoe 4, 4 ′ in the longitudinal direction of the rail is at least equal to twice the wavelength l of the short wave deformations which it is desired to measure with precision. Therefore, each shoe 4, 4 'always rests on at least two successive ridges of these short wave deformations and each shoe 4, 4' tilts so as to be positioned substantially along a tangent to the undulation of the large rail. wavelength at the right of its axis of articulation 5, 5 '.
  • the position of the reference base for the measurement determined by the position in space of the chassis 1, is independent of the wave deformations of short wavelengths and only depends on wave deformations of long wavelengths L.
  • the distance between the articulations of the two skids is at least equal to twice the wavelength of the short wavelength ripples that it is desired to measure with precision, this that is to say the length of an oscillating pad 4, 4 ′, but at most equal to the wavelength of the longest wave deformations.
  • the signal delivered by the distance detector 2 is a signal representative of the amplitude of the long wave deformations modulated by the amplitude of the short wave deformations. It is therefore a simple measurement signal comprising a low frequency component corresponding to long wave deformations independent of short wave deformations and a high frequency component corresponding to short wave deformations independent of long wave deformations.
  • this measurement signal is therefore very simple, it suffices to amplify it at 6, then to separate the high and low frequency components using a part of a high pass filter 7 and d on the other hand using a low pass filter 8 to obtain signals f and F representative of the wave deformations of short wavelengths respectively of long wavelengths.
  • These signals f and F supply two inputs to a recorder, the strip 9 of which travels at a speed proportional to the speed of the measurement vehicle. This is obtained in a known manner by a pulse generator 10 driven by a wheel R of the towing vehicle supplying a stepping motor 11 driving the paper strip of the recorder.
  • the second embodiment of the measuring device illustrated in Figure 7 also includes a frame 1 provided, as in the first embodiment, pads 4, 4 'articulated on axes.
  • the center distance between the pivot axes of the pads 4, 4 'and the length of these pads are determined in the same way as in the first embodiment.
  • the chassis 1 carries three distance detectors ya, yb and yc, one of which yc is located in the middle of the distance separating the other two, and in the middle of the distance between the articulations of the pads 4, 4 '.
  • the distance sensor yc measures the distance separating a point from the surface of the rail of the reference base, while the distance sensors ya and yb measure distances separating a point from the upper face of each shoe 4, 4 'of said baseline.
  • the short waves are superimposed on the long waves so that the central detector yc, measures a quantity which corresponds to the sum of the deformations due to the short and long waves while the sum of the measurements of the detectors ya and yb corresponds to the amplitude of deformations of long waves.
  • distance detectors ya and yb could be replaced by detectors of the angular position of the pads 4, 4 ′.
  • the amplitudes of the long and short waves can be determined using extremely simple processing of the signals delivered by these detectors.
  • This measuring device is very sensitive and can even be used in leveling operations or to control the leveling of the railway.
  • the chassis 1 is connected to a rail vehicle V by two hydraulic cylinders 12 allowing it to be lifted and guided along the rail line.
  • the rail vehicle V can be equipped with at least one measuring device per rail line.
  • the pads 4, 4 ′ may comprise, in known manner, vertical sides or rollers intended to come into contact with the internal side of the head of the rail under the action of a spacer device for ensuring the lateral guidance of the chassis 1 along of rail 3.
  • the frame 1 is also provided with articulated pads 4, 4 'and a distance detector 2.
  • these pads are fitted with wheels or rollers 13 serving as a guide and support for a band or chain 14.
  • the rollers 13 and the chains or bands 14 can be replaced by a succession of rollers of small diameter and very close to each other.
  • the chassis 1 may include several distance detectors offset transversely with respect to the rail to measure the wave deformations of several different generatrices of the rail head.
  • Such a measuring device is thus compact, it is robust, simple and precise and requires virtually no maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

It comprises a chassis (1) resting on at least one rail (3) by means of contact members (4, 4') connected to a vehicle (V) traversing the track. It comprises at least a detector (2) delivering an electric signal representing the distances separating a rectilinear reference space defined by the position in space of said chassis (1) and successive points on the surface of the rail line (3) traversed. The contact members of the chassis (1) with the rail (3) are constituted by two shoes (4, 4') articulated on the chassis (1) about axes (5) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail. The extent of these shoes (4, 4') in the longitudinal direction of the rail (3) is at least equal to twice the wavelength (l) of the undulatory deformations of the rail of short wavelength, but less than the wavelength (L) of the undulatory deformations of long wavelength.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de mesure des déformations ondulatoires de la surface de roulement des rails d'une voie ferrée.The present invention relates to a device for measuring the wave deformations of the running surface of the rails of a railroad track.

Les caractéristiques géométriques de ce type de déformations, longueurs d'onde et amplitudes, ne sont pas régulières et dépendent des caractéristiques mécaniques des convois, de leur vitesse de circulation, de l'élasticité locale de la voie ferrée et de l'importance des phénomènes de résonance qui se produisent à leur passage.The geometrical characteristics of this type of deformation, wavelengths and amplitudes, are not regular and depend on the mechanical characteristics of the convoys, their speed of circulation, the local elasticity of the railroad and the importance of the phenomena of resonance that occur as they pass.

Ces déformations sont classées essentiellement selon leurs causes et effets en différentes gammes de longueurs d'onde (ondes courtes de 3 à 30 cm, et ondes longues de 30 cm à 3 m).These deformations are classified essentially according to their causes and effects in different wavelength ranges (short waves from 3 to 30 cm, and long waves from 30 cm to 3 m).

Ces déformations s'aggravent dans le temps et causent progressivement des dommages de plus en plus importants au matériel roulant et à la voie ferrée, et diminuent le confort des voyageurs et des riverains par les vibrations et les ondes sonores qu'elles engendrent.These deformations worsen over time and gradually cause increasingly significant damage to rolling stock and the railway, and reduce the comfort of travelers and residents by the vibrations and sound waves they generate.

Avant que ces dommages n'atteignent des proportions critiques, des opérations de rectification de la surface de roulement des rails sont prévues dans les travaux d'entretien périodique de la voie ferrée et sont réalisées à l'aide de véhicules ferroviaires équipés de meules, de blocs abrasifs ou de rabots déplacés le long des génératrices de cette surface jusqu'à élimination des déformations susdites.Before this damage reaches critical proportions, operations to rectify the running surface of the rails are provided for in the periodic maintenance of the track and are carried out using railway vehicles equipped with grinding wheels, abrasive blocks or planes moved along the generatrices of this surface until elimination of the abovementioned deformations.

Pour décider du moment opportun de pratiquer ces opérations, il est nécessaire de contrôler périodiquement l'amplitude de ces déformations ondulatoires aussi bien dans la gamme de longueurs d'ondes courtes que dans celles des longueurs d'ondes longues et ce contrôle doit être répété pendant et après les opérations de rectification pour connaître l'état d'avancement du travail de rectification et pour éviter des passes superflues.To decide when to perform these operations, it is necessary to periodically control the amplitude of these wave deformations both in the short wavelength range and in the long wavelength range and this control must be repeated during and after the grinding operations to know the progress of the grinding work and to avoid unnecessary passes.

Ce contrôle s'effectue au moyen de dispositifs de mesure appropriés équipant un véhicule autonome de mesure ou le véhicule de rectification lui-même.This control is carried out by means of appropriate measuring devices equipping an autonomous measurement vehicle or the rectification vehicle itself.

Les dispositifs de mesure connus comportent un ou plusieurs détecteurs de distance, mécaniques ou électroniques ou autres, montés sur un châssis qui sert de base de référence et prend appui sur la surface de roulement du rail, soit à l'aide de galets, soit par un ou deux patins fixés rigidement à-ce châssis. De tels dispositifs de mesure sont décrits par exemple dans les brevets CH 630.015 ou FR 2.485.183.Known measuring devices include one or more distance detectors, mechanical or electronic or other, mounted on a frame which serves as a reference base and bears on the running surface of the rail, either by means of rollers or by one or two pads rigidly fixed to this chassis. Such measuring devices are described for example in patents CH 630,015 or FR 2,485,183.

Ces dispositifs connus sont illustrés de façon schématique aux figures 1 et 2 du dessin.These known devices are illustrated schematically in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing.

La surface du rail comporte des déformations de grande longueur d'onde auxquelles se superposent des déformations de courte longueur d'onde. Le signal de sortie délivré par le détecteur de distance d porté par la base de référence r n'est pas uniquement fonction des déformations ondulatoires courtes ou longues du rail, mais encore de la position de la base de référence r par rapport à ce rail qui est modifiée, au cours du déplacement du châssis le long du rail, par les déformations ondulatoires du rail. En effet, le châssis suit, par ses galets ou ses patins, les sommets et les vallées des déformations ondulatoires modifiant ainsi la position de la base de référence, et donc sa distance par rapport au rail de sorte que la mesure effectuée par le détecteur d en est affectée.The surface of the rail comprises deformations of long wavelength to which superimposed deformations of short wavelength. The output signal delivered by the distance detector d carried by the reference base r is not only a function of the short or long wave undulations of the rail, but also of the position of the reference base r with respect to this rail which is modified, during the movement of the chassis along the rail, by the wave deformations of the rail. Indeed, the chassis follows, by its rollers or its skids, the peaks and valleys of wave deformations thus modifying the position of the reference base, and therefore its distance from the rail so that the measurement made by the detector d is affected.

Dans certains dispositifs de mesure on a proposé l'utilisation d'un appareillage électronique extrêmement compliqué faisant intervenir la longueur d'onde moyenne effective ainsi qu'un coefficient de transfert complexe et ne pouvant être déterminé qu'approximativement pour tenter de rendre la mesure des déformations ondulatoires du rail indépendante des mouvements de la base de référence engendrés par ces ondulations du rail. Malgré cela, la précision de la mesure ne donne plus satisfaction actuellement, étant donné les exigences toujours plus grandes imposées à la qualité de la table de roulement du rail. De plus, ces dispositifs comportent une électronique complexe nécessitant un entretien fréquent et de toute façon la mesure n'est qu'approximative puisque sa précision dépend essentiellement de celle du coefficient de transfert.In certain measurement devices, the use of an extremely complicated electronic device has been proposed, involving the effective average wavelength as well as a complex transfer coefficient. and can only be determined approximately to try to make the measurement of the wave deformations of the rail independent of the movements of the reference base generated by these waves of the rail. Despite this, the accuracy of the measurement is no longer satisfactory today, given the ever greater demands placed on the quality of the rail running table. In addition, these devices include complex electronics requiring frequent maintenance and in any case the measurement is only approximate since its accuracy depends essentially on that of the transfer coefficient.

Le but de la présente invention est de réaliser un dispositif de mesure des déformations ondulatoires de la surface de roulement des rails d'une voie ferrée qui soit d'une construction simple, d'un réglage et d'un entretien facile et dont la position de la base de référence ne soit pas influencée par les déformations ondulatoires de faible longueur d'onde, et qui permette la détermination des usures ondulatoires d'onde longue, aussi bien que d'onde courte.The object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the wave deformations of the running surface of the rails of a railroad which is of simple construction, of adjustment and of easy maintenance and whose position of the reference base is not influenced by wave deformations of short wavelength, and which allows the determination of wave wear long wave, as well as short wave.

Le présent dispositif de mesure se distingue par les caractéristiques énumérées à la revendication 1.The present measuring device is distinguished by the characteristics listed in claim 1.

Le dessin annexé illustre schématiquement et à titre d'exemple deux formes d'exécution du dispositif de mesure selon l'invention.The accompanying drawing illustrates schematically and by way of example two embodiments of the measuring device according to the invention.

La figure 3 illustre une première forme d'exécution du dispositif de mesure reposant sur un rail et relié à un véhicule ferroviaire.FIG. 3 illustrates a first embodiment of the measuring device resting on a rail and connected to a railway vehicle.

Les figures 4 et 5 illustrent le dispositif de mesure de la figure 1 dans une vallée, respectivement sur un sommet d'une déformation ondulatoire de grande longueur d'onde du rail.Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the measuring device of Figure 1 in a valley, respectively on a vertex of a wave deformation of long wavelength of the rail.

La figure 6 illustre schématiquement le traitement du signal délivré par le détecteur de distance du dispositif de mesure des figures 3 à 5.FIG. 6 schematically illustrates the processing of the signal delivered by the distance detector of the measuring device of FIGS. 3 to 5.

La figure 7 illustre schématiquement une seconde forme d'exécution du dispositif de mesure.FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the measuring device.

La figure 8 illustre une variante des patins oscillants du dispositif de mesure.FIG. 8 illustrates a variant of the oscillating pads of the measuring device.

Le dispositif de mesure des déformations ondulatoires d'un rail illustré aux figures 3 à 6 comporte un châssis 1 portant au moins un détecteur de distance 2, mécanique, électronique ou autre, délivrant un signal représeh- tatif de la distance séparant la base de référence, constituée par la position dans l'espace du châssis 1, d'un point de la surface du rail 3.The device for measuring the wave deformations of a rail illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6 comprises a chassis 1 carrying at least one distance detector 2, mechanical, electronic or other, delivering a signal representative of the distance separating the reference base , constituted by the position in space of the chassis 1, of a point on the surface of the rail 3.

Comme illustré, la surface de ce rail comporte des déformations ondulatoires de faible longueur d'onde e superposées à des déformations ondulatoires de grande longueur d'onde L.As illustrated, the surface of this rail comprises wave deformations of short wavelength e superimposed on wave deformations of long wavelength L.

Ce châssis 1 du dispositif de mesure prend appui sur la surface du rail 3 par l'intermédiaire de deux patins 4, 4' articulés sur le châssis autour d'axes 5, 5' normaux à l'axe longitudinal du rail.Ces axes sont de préférence sensiblement parallèles à la surface de roulement du rail.This frame 1 of the measuring device bears on the surface of the rail 3 by means of two pads 4, 4 ′ articulated on the frame around axes 5, 5 ′ normal to the longitudinal axis of the rail. These axes are preferably substantially parallel to the running surface of the rail.

L'extension de chaque patin 4, 4', dans le sens longitudinal du rail est au moins égale à deux fois la longueur d'onde ℓ des déformations ondulatoires courtes que l'on désire mesurer avec précision. De ce fait, chaque patin 4, 4' repose toujours sur au moins deux crêtes successives de ces déformations ondulatoires courtes et chaque patin 4, 4' s'incline de manière à se positionner sensiblement suivant une tangente à l'ondulation du rail de grande longueur d'onde au droit de son axe d'articulation 5, 5'.The extension of each shoe 4, 4 ′, in the longitudinal direction of the rail is at least equal to twice the wavelength ℓ of the short wave deformations which it is desired to measure with precision. Therefore, each shoe 4, 4 'always rests on at least two successive ridges of these short wave deformations and each shoe 4, 4' tilts so as to be positioned substantially along a tangent to the undulation of the large rail. wavelength at the right of its axis of articulation 5, 5 '.

De cette façon, la position de la base de référence pour la mesure, déterminée par la position dans l'espace du châssis 1, est indépendante des déformations ondulatoires de courtes longueurs d'ondese et ne dépend plus que des déformations ondulatoires de grandes longueurs d'ondes L.In this way, the position of the reference base for the measurement, determined by the position in space of the chassis 1, is independent of the wave deformations of short wavelengths and only depends on wave deformations of long wavelengths L.

De préférence et pour des raisons constructives, l'entre-axe entre les articulations des deux patins est au moins égal à deux fois la longueur d'onde des ondulations de courte longueur d'onde que l'on désire mesurer avec précision, c'est-à-dire à la longueur d'un patin oscillant 4, 4', mais au plus égal à la longueur d'onde des déformations ondulatoires les plus longues.Preferably and for constructive reasons, the distance between the articulations of the two skids is at least equal to twice the wavelength of the short wavelength ripples that it is desired to measure with precision, this that is to say the length of an oscillating pad 4, 4 ′, but at most equal to the wavelength of the longest wave deformations.

Du fait de cette construction, le signal délivré par le détecteur de distance 2 est un signal représentatif de l'amplitude des déformations ondulatoires longues modulées par l'amplitude des déformations ondulatoires courtes. Il s'agit donc d'un signal de mesure simple comportant une composante basse fréquence correspondant aux déformations ondulatoires longues indépendante des déformations ondulatoires courtes et une composante haute fréquence correspondant aux déformations ondulatoires courtes indépendante des déformations ondulatoires longues.Due to this construction, the signal delivered by the distance detector 2 is a signal representative of the amplitude of the long wave deformations modulated by the amplitude of the short wave deformations. It is therefore a simple measurement signal comprising a low frequency component corresponding to long wave deformations independent of short wave deformations and a high frequency component corresponding to short wave deformations independent of long wave deformations.

Le traitement de ce signal de mesure est donc d'une grande simplicité, il suffit de l'amplifier en 6, puis de séparer les composantes hautes et basses fréquences à l'aide d'une part d'un filtre passe haut 7 et d'autre part à l'aide d'un filtre passe bas 8 pour obtenir des signaux f et F représentatifs des déformations ondulatoires de courtes longueurs d'ondes respectivement de grandes longueurs d'ondes.The processing of this measurement signal is therefore very simple, it suffices to amplify it at 6, then to separate the high and low frequency components using a part of a high pass filter 7 and d on the other hand using a low pass filter 8 to obtain signals f and F representative of the wave deformations of short wavelengths respectively of long wavelengths.

Ces signaux f et F alimentent deux entrées d'un enregistreur dont la bande 9 défile à une vitesse proportionnelle à la vitesse du véhicule de mesure. Ceci est obtenu de façon connue par un générateur d'impulsions 10 entraîné par une roue R du véhicule tracteur alimentant un moteur pas à pas 11 entraînant la bande de papier de l'enregistreur.These signals f and F supply two inputs to a recorder, the strip 9 of which travels at a speed proportional to the speed of the measurement vehicle. This is obtained in a known manner by a pulse generator 10 driven by a wheel R of the towing vehicle supplying a stepping motor 11 driving the paper strip of the recorder.

Grâce à cette construction, il n'y a plus d'influence des déformations ondulatoires courtes sur la mesure des déformations ondulatoires longues et vice-versa, de sorte que la mesure de ces deux types de déformations ondulatoires est très précise et que le traitement électrique du signal de mesure est simplifié.Thanks to this construction, there is no more influence this of short wave deformations on the measurement of long wave deformations and vice versa, so that the measurement of these two types of wave deformations is very precise and that the electrical processing of the measurement signal is simplified.

La seconde forme d'exécution du dispositif de mesure illustré à la figure 7 comporte également un châssis 1 muni, comme dans la première forme d'exécution, de patins 4, 4' articulés sur des axes. L'entre-axe entre les axes de pivotement des patins 4, 4' et la longueur de ces patins sont déterminés de la même façon que dans la première forme d'exécution.The second embodiment of the measuring device illustrated in Figure 7 also includes a frame 1 provided, as in the first embodiment, pads 4, 4 'articulated on axes. The center distance between the pivot axes of the pads 4, 4 'and the length of these pads are determined in the same way as in the first embodiment.

Le châssis 1 porte trois détecteurs de distance ya, yb et yc dont l'un yc est situé au milieu de la distance séparant les deux autres, et au milieu de l'entre- axe séparant les articulations des patins 4, 4'.The chassis 1 carries three distance detectors ya, yb and yc, one of which yc is located in the middle of the distance separating the other two, and in the middle of the distance between the articulations of the pads 4, 4 '.

Le détecteur de distance yc mesure la distance séparant un point de la surface du rail de la base de référence, tandis que les détecteurs de distance ya et yb mesurent des distances séparant un point de la face supérieure de chaque patin 4, 4' de ladite base de référence.The distance sensor yc measures the distance separating a point from the surface of the rail of the reference base, while the distance sensors ya and yb measure distances separating a point from the upper face of each shoe 4, 4 'of said baseline.

Ces distances sont en fait représentatives de l'inclinaison α, 8 des patins 4, 4' par rapport à la droite idéale que devrait être la surface du rail.These distances are in fact representative of the inclination α, 8 of the pads 4, 4 'relative to the ideal straight line that the surface of the rail should have.

Si, comme c'est le cas en réalité pour des rails de chemin de fer fc est très petit et que le rayon de courbure des ondes longues du rail est relativement grand, l'arc d'une ondulation longue du rail peut être assimilé à une parabole.If, as in reality is the case for railway rails fc is very small and the radius of curvature of the long waves of the rail is relatively large, the arc of a long undulation of the rail can be assimilated to a parable.

Dans ces conditionsIn these conditions

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0001

Les patins articulés 4, 4' s'orientent automatiquement tangentiellement à la déformation de grande longueur d'onde et forment des angles a respectivement B avec une droite parallèle à la base de référence, passant par les points de contact des patins avec le rail.The articulated pads 4, 4 'automatically orient themselves tangentially to the long wavelength deformation and form angles a respectively B with a straight line parallel to the reference base, passing through the points of contact of the pads with the rail.

Ces angles sont faibles de sorte que les distances séparant la droite X du patin 4, 4' mesurées au droit du détecteur de distance ya, yb sont données par a.d respectivement β.d, ces angles étant exprimés en radiant.These angles are small so that the distances separating the straight line X from the pad 4, 4 ′ measured at the right of the distance detector ya, yb are given by a.d respectively β.d, these angles being expressed by radiating.

De plus dans ces conditions particulières

Figure imgb0002
d'où
Figure imgb0003
 Also in these special conditions
Figure imgb0002
 from where
Figure imgb0003

Si l'on s'arrange constructivement pour que la projection d, sur la base de référence, de la distance séparant les détecteurs de distances ya et yb de l'articulation du patin 4, 4' correspondant soit égale à 8 alors on a :

Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
Figure imgb0006
 If we arrange constructively so that the projection d, on the reference base, of the distance separating the distance detectors ya and yb from the articulation of the corresponding pad 4, 4 ′ is equal to 8 then we have:
Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
Figure imgb0006

On voit dans cette forme d'exécution que la flèche fc qui est représentative de l'onde longue est donnée par la somme des mesures de fa et fb.We see in this embodiment that the arrow fc which is representative of the long wave is given by the sum of the measurements of fa and fb.

En pratique, les ondes courtes sont superposées aux ondes longues de sorte que le détecteur central yc, mesure une grandeur qui correspond à la somme des déformations dues aux ondes courtes et longues tandis que la somme des mesures des détecteurs ya et yb correspond à l'amplitude des déformations d'ondes longues.In practice, the short waves are superimposed on the long waves so that the central detector yc, measures a quantity which corresponds to the sum of the deformations due to the short and long waves while the sum of the measurements of the detectors ya and yb corresponds to the amplitude of deformations of long waves.

Ainsi, pour avoir les amplitudes des ondes courtes il suffit de réaliser par des moyens électroniques adéquats

Figure imgb0007
So, to have the amplitudes of the short waves it is enough to realize by adequate electronic means
Figure imgb0007

Il est évident que les détecteurs de distances ya et yb pourraient être remplacés par des détecteurs de la position angulaire des patins 4, 4'.It is obvious that the distance detectors ya and yb could be replaced by detectors of the angular position of the pads 4, 4 ′.

Il faut enfin remarquer que lorsque l'axe du rail à mesurer est concave, les patins de par leur longueur sous-tendent des petites flèches. Ceci n'est toutefois pas gênant car elles peuvent être compensées par un facteur de correction.Finally, it should be noted that when the axis of the rail to be measured is concave, the pads by their length subtend small arrows. This is not, however, a problem since they can be compensated by a correction factor.

Ainsi, par l'utilisation de trois détecteurs de distance judicieusement positionnés les amplitudes des ondes longues et courtes peuvent être déterminées à l'aide d'un traitement extrêmement simple des signaux délivrés par ces détecteurs.Thus, by the use of three judiciously positioned distance detectors, the amplitudes of the long and short waves can be determined using extremely simple processing of the signals delivered by these detectors.

Ce dispositif de mesure est très sensible et peut même être utilisé dans les opérations de nivellement ou pour contrôler le nivellement de la voie ferrée.This measuring device is very sensitive and can even be used in leveling operations or to control the leveling of the railway.

Le châssis 1 est relié à un véhicule ferroviaire V par deux vérins hydrauliques 12 permettant son relevage et son guidage le long de la file de rail.The chassis 1 is connected to a rail vehicle V by two hydraulic cylinders 12 allowing it to be lifted and guided along the rail line.

Le véhicule ferroviaire V peut être équipé d'au moins un dispositif de mesure par file de rail. Les patins 4, 4' peuvent comporter de manière connue des flancs verticaux ou galets destinés à entrer en contact avec le flanc intérieur du champignon du rail sous l'action d'un dispositif d'écartement pour assurer le guidage latéral du châssis 1 le long du rail 3.The rail vehicle V can be equipped with at least one measuring device per rail line. The pads 4, 4 ′ may comprise, in known manner, vertical sides or rollers intended to come into contact with the internal side of the head of the rail under the action of a spacer device for ensuring the lateral guidance of the chassis 1 along of rail 3.

Dans la variante illustrée à la figure 8, le châssis 1 est également muni de patins articulés 4, 4' et d'un détecteur de distance 2. Pour limiter l'usure des patins 4, 4' due au frottement de ceux-ci sur la surface du rail, ces patins sont équipés de roues ou rouleaux 13 servant de guide et de support à une bande ou chaîne 14. Ainsi, lors de leurs déplacements le long du rail, les patins oscillent et roulent, la bande 14 circulant autour des galets 13, ce qui réduit grandement l'usure des patins. Dans une variante non illustrée, les galets 13 et les chaines ou bandes 14 peuvent être remplacés par une succession de rouleaux de faible diamètre et très rapprochés les uns des autres.In the variant illustrated in FIG. 8, the frame 1 is also provided with articulated pads 4, 4 'and a distance detector 2. To limit the wear of the pads 4, 4' due to the friction of these on the surface of the rail, these pads are fitted with wheels or rollers 13 serving as a guide and support for a band or chain 14. Thus, during their movements along the rail, the pads oscillate and roll, the strip 14 circulating around the rollers 13, which greatly reduces the wear of the pads. In a variant not illustrated, the rollers 13 and the chains or bands 14 can be replaced by a succession of rollers of small diameter and very close to each other.

Le châssis 1 peut comporter plusieurs détecteurs de distance décalés transversalement par rapport au rail pour mesurer les déformations ondulatoires de plusieurs génératrices différentes du champignon du rail.The chassis 1 may include several distance detectors offset transversely with respect to the rail to measure the wave deformations of several different generatrices of the rail head.

Un tel dispositif de mesure est ainsi de faible encombrement, il est robuste, simple et précis et ne nécessite pratiquement aucun entretien.Such a measuring device is thus compact, it is robust, simple and precise and requires virtually no maintenance.

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif de mesure des déformations ondulatoires de la surface de roulement des rails d'une voie ferrée comprenant un châssis, reposant sur au moins un rail par l'intermédiaire d'organes de contact, destiné à être relié à un véhicule parcourant la voie et comportant au moins un détecteur délivrant un signal électrique représentatif des distances séparant une base de référence rectiligne définie par la position dans l'espace dudit châssis et des points successifs de la surface de la file de rail parcourue, caractérisé par le fait que les organes de contact du châssis avec le rail sont constitués par deux patins articulés sur le châssis suivant des axes perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal du rail; par le fait que l'extension de ces patins dans le sens longitudinal du rail est au moins égale à deux fois la longueur d'onde des déformations ondulatoires du rail de courte longueur d'onde, mais inférieure à la longueur d'onde des déformations ondulatoires de grande longueur d'onde.1. Device for measuring the wave deformations of the running surface of the rails of a railroad track comprising a chassis, resting on at least one rail by means of contact members, intended to be connected to a vehicle traveling on the track and comprising at least one detector delivering an electrical signal representative of the distances separating a rectilinear reference base defined by the position in space of said chassis and successive points of the surface of the line of rail traversed, characterized in that the members of contact of the chassis with the rail consist of two pads articulated on the chassis along axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail; by the fact that the extension of these pads in the longitudinal direction of the rail is at least twice the wavelength of the wave deformations of the short wavelength rail, but less than the wavelength of the deformations long wavelength waveforms. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la distance séparant les axes de pivotement des deux patins du châssis est supérieure à deux fois la longueur d'onde des déformations ondulatoires courtes, mais inférieure à la longueur d'onde des déformations ondulatoires de grande longueur d'onde.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance separating the pivot axes of the two skids of the chassis is greater than twice the wavelength of the short wave deformations, but less than the wavelength of the deformations long wavelength waveforms. 3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les patins comportent une partie verticale destinée à prendre appui sur le flanc interne du rail sous l'action d'un dispositif d'écartement.3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the pads have a vertical part intended to bear on the internal flank of the rail under the action of a spacing device. 4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que chaque patin comporte des galets pivotants autour desquels circule une bande ou chaine.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each shoe has pivoting rollers around which a band or chain circulates. 5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est relié au véhicule ferroviaire à l'aide de vérins permettant son relevage.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is connected to the rail vehicle by means of jacks allowing its lifting. 6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte plusieurs détecteurs de distance décalés transversalement par rapport au rail mesurant les déformations ondulatoires de plusieurs génératrices différentes du champignon du rail.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises several distance detectors offset transversely relative to the rail measuring the wave deformations of several different generatrices of the rail head. 7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que chaque capteur de mesure délivre un signal correspondant à l'amplitude des déformations ondulatoires de grande longueur d'onde, modulé par l'amplitude des déformations ondulatoires de courte longueur d'onde, et qu'il comporte un dispositif électronique de traitement de ce signal.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each measurement sensor delivers a signal corresponding to the amplitude of the wave deformations of long wavelength, modulated by the amplitude of the wave deformations of short length d wave, and that it includes an electronic device for processing this signal. 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un filtre passe bas laissant passer la composante basse fréquence du signal, correspondant aux ondulations de grande longueur d'onde, et un filtre passe haut, en parallèle avec le filtre passe bas, laissant passer la composante haute fréquence correspondant aux ondulations de courte longueur d'onde.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a low pass filter allowing the low frequency component of the signal to pass, corresponding to the long wavelength ripples, and a high pass filter, in parallel with the filter low pass, letting through the high frequency component corresponding to short wavelength ripples. 9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte trois détecteurs de distance décalés longitudinalement, le détecteur central délivrant un signal proportionnel à la somme des amplitudes des déformations de grandes et de petites longueurs d'ondes.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises three detectors distance shifted longitudinally, the central detector delivering a signal proportional to the sum of the amplitudes of the deformations of large and small wavelengths. 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que la distance séparant chacun des autres détecteurs d'un des axes d'articulation du patin correspondant, en projection sur la base de référence est égal à l/8 de l'entre-axe des articulations des patins et par le fait que la somme des signaux délivrés par ces deux détecteurs est proportionnelle à l'amplitude des ondulations de grandes longueurs d'ondes seulement.10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the distance separating each of the other detectors from one of the axes of articulation of the corresponding pad, in projection on the reference base is equal to 1/8 of the distance between axis of the skate joints and by the fact that the sum of the signals delivered by these two detectors is proportional to the amplitude of the ripples of long wavelengths only. 11. Dispositif selon.la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un dispositif électronique de traitement des signaux obtenus délivrant un signal proportionnel à la différence entre le signal du détecteur central et la somme des signaux des autres détecteurs, ce signal correspondant à l'amplitude des ondulations de courtes longueurs d'ondes.11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises an electronic device for processing the signals obtained delivering a signal proportional to the difference between the signal of the central detector and the sum of the signals of the other detectors, this corresponding signal the amplitude of short wavelength ripples.
EP83110242A 1982-10-18 1983-10-14 Device for measuring undulating deformations of the rail-head surface of a railway track Expired EP0107833B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110242T ATE20924T1 (en) 1982-10-18 1983-10-14 DEVICE FOR MEASURING WAVY DEFORMATIONS OF THE RAIL ROLLING SURFACE OF A RAILWAY TRACK.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH6044/82 1982-10-18
CH6044/82A CH653073A5 (en) 1982-10-18 1982-10-18 DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE DEPTH OF THE CORRECTION OF THE RUNNING SURFACE OF THE RAILS OF A RAILWAY.

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EP0107833A1 true EP0107833A1 (en) 1984-05-09
EP0107833B1 EP0107833B1 (en) 1986-07-23

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CH653073A5 (en) 1985-12-13
JPS5994002A (en) 1984-05-30
EP0107833B1 (en) 1986-07-23
DE3364736D1 (en) 1986-08-28
JPH034083B2 (en) 1991-01-22
ZA837574B (en) 1984-06-27
CA1199491A (en) 1986-01-21
US4548070A (en) 1985-10-22
ATE20924T1 (en) 1986-08-15
DE107833T1 (en) 1984-09-13
AU2024483A (en) 1984-05-03
AU561570B2 (en) 1987-05-14

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