EP0098421B1 - Electric hearing aid - Google Patents

Electric hearing aid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0098421B1
EP0098421B1 EP83105876A EP83105876A EP0098421B1 EP 0098421 B1 EP0098421 B1 EP 0098421B1 EP 83105876 A EP83105876 A EP 83105876A EP 83105876 A EP83105876 A EP 83105876A EP 0098421 B1 EP0098421 B1 EP 0098421B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
hearing aid
conductors
electric hearing
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105876A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0098421A2 (en
EP0098421A3 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Kern
Gerhard Krauss
Helmut Schlosser
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT83105876T priority Critical patent/ATE34899T1/en
Publication of EP0098421A2 publication Critical patent/EP0098421A2/en
Publication of EP0098421A3 publication Critical patent/EP0098421A3/en
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Publication of EP0098421B1 publication Critical patent/EP0098421B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/227—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  using transducers reproducing the same frequency band
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/225—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  for telephonic receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/48—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using constructional means for obtaining a desired frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2225/59—Arrangements for selective connection between one or more amplifiers and one or more receivers within one hearing aid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical hearing aid according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such hearing aids often contain devices to emphasize individual frequency ranges and to lower others. This is because e.g. Hearing aids are needed which amplify high frequencies more than low ones in order to ensure adaptation to a specific hearing damage.
  • Such so-called high-frequency devices are currently e.g. were achieved in such a way that they were realized with special microphones (6 dB or 12 dB rise / octave in the frequency response) or amplifiers with a high-pass character (see, for example, book "Hearing Aid Technology” by W. Güttner, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart 1978, pages 115 to 118).
  • the two aforementioned options have the disadvantage that the frequency response of the listener remains unchanged, so that when the hearing aid is fully controlled, it is not the acoustic setting but the effectiveness of the listener that is decisive for the frequency ranges supplied to the hearing impaired. In many hearing impaired people, however, the hearing loss is so great that the hearing aid must be adjusted to the maximum attainable output level. However, since the frequency response of the maximum output level largely corresponds to the effectiveness of the listener, this setting changes the frequency character of a tweeter when it approaches the modulation limit and it becomes broadband, so that the tweeter character is lost (see Figure 2).
  • a hearing aid according to the preamble of claim 1 which has two or more differently designed, complementary in terms of their frequency ranges sounders that act on a common sound collecting sound supply arrangement.
  • this arrangement only results in an expansion of the frequency range in the sense of the greatest possible width of an acoustic frequency range that can be transmitted without a frequency response.
  • the invention is based, to maintain the originally set frequency character in a hearing aid according to the preamble of claim 1 even at maximum achievable output level. This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of this claim.
  • the subclaims contain advantageous developments and refinements of the invention.
  • two hearing aids which are customary in hearing aids and are excited by the amplifier of the device can be used as the sound generator.
  • the acoustic outputs of these listeners are then combined with one another in a sound supply arrangement to the ear.
  • Acoustic means such as nozzles, filters, etc., can be used for the adjustment in the derivations from the listeners and also in the sound supply arrangement.
  • changeable means for example in the form of a tap, into the lines by means of which their cross section can be changed.
  • the acoustic effect of the listeners can also be tuned by differently influencing the electrical excitation of the two listeners. Such a vote can take place, for example, by differently changing the volume emitted by the individual listeners. But it is also possible to use a separate power amplifier for each listener.
  • acoustic influencing elements can be inserted into the lines.
  • Such an element can also be, for example, a three-way valve which influences both the two lines from the sound transmitters and the line of the sound supply arrangement.
  • a hearing aid with only the simplest parts i.e. a microphone 1, an amplifier 2 and a receiver 3.
  • the frequency response curves shown in FIG. 2 can be achieved with such a device.
  • a frequency response curve 9 of the amplification and a frequency response curve of the maximum output level 15 are shown in broken lines. It is evident from this that, after amplification, higher frequencies are taken into account, but that at the maximum output level, low frequencies also appear at the output level, as already shown above.
  • the receiver 3 according to FIG. 1 is replaced by an arrangement 4 according to FIG. 3.
  • the arrangement 4 consists of two earphones 5 and 11 (of the same type) which are connected to a coupling piece 21 via switching lines 17 and 18 of different lengths.
  • An acoustic resistor 19 and / or 20 can be inserted into each of these connecting lines.
  • Similar resistors can also be introduced into the derivation and, for example, as such, which are denoted by 24 and 25 in FIG. 3, are located in the line 26, which adjoins the coupling piece 21.
  • the actual derivation then takes place via a formwork line 28 and a channel 29 to the ear, which is replaced in FIG. 3 by a measuring device which comprises a coupler 31 and a microphone 32.
  • FIG. 4 The arrangement from FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is summarized in FIG. 4 and dressed in the illustration of a BTE device.
  • This has a housing 4 'in which the microphone 1, the amplifier 2 and the arrangement 4 are located.
  • the line 26 In the support hook of the device 27 there is the line 26, to which the line 28 continues in the form of a formwork tube, which opens into an earmold 30, which receives the channel 29, which is the actual connection to the ear 31.
  • the acoustic resistors 19, 20, 24 and 25 can consist of cross-sectional constricted inserts, e.g. porous material, sieve-like inserts or other constrictions, such as nozzles. Series of measurements can be used to determine which type of acoustic resistance has the desired effect in individual cases, and the length and diameter of sound channels 17, 18 and 26 can also be determined.
  • the two earphones can be electrically connected to the output stage of the amplifier 2 in various ways in order to influence the sound reproduction. They can be operated either in series according to FIGS. 5 and 6 or in parallel according to FIGS. 7 and 8. Technical criteria, such as desired output power, existing impedance values of the listeners, internal resistance of the output stage etc., make one or the other version appear more favorable, i.e. with high power of the output stage and with low impedance of the listener a series connection.
  • the output stage 56 of the amplifier 2 (FIG. 1) is connected according to FIGS. 5 and 6 with the connections 58 and 59 to the voltage supply of the hearing aid. From the output connection 63 of the output stage, the output stage current (direct and alternating current) flows in succession through both receivers 5 and 11. In FIG. 5, both receivers are switched in such a way that the acoustic signals on the sound outlet connections 6 and 12 (FIG. 3) are in phase and in accordance with Figure 6 appear in phase opposition.
  • the receiver 11 can be bridged with a variable resistor 57. In position 61 of the tap 62, the current path in the actuator resistor 57 is interrupted. The entire output stage current also flows through the receiver 11. In position 60, the receiver 11 is short-circuited, and no signal occurs at the hearing support 12. For position 61 and structure according to FIG. 3 with circuit, this results in a frequency curve in FIG. 14 after curve 68, for position 60 curve 67, for position 61 from tap 62; Structure according to Figure 3 with circuit Figure 6 frequency response in Figure 15 after curve 69; Position 60 curve 67.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show a structure in which a push-pull circuit is used to excite the sound generator.
  • the listeners can only be operated in parallel.
  • the direct current is supplied to the output stage of 66 via the center connection 10 of the push-pull receiver 7.
  • the connection 16 of the receiver 13 is not connected in FIGS. 9 and 10. Since the third connection is not used, a handset with only two connections can also be used.
  • the level in the receiver 13 can be regulated continuously via the actuator 57. Even when the push-pull circuit is used, it is possible to operate in the same way (FIG. 9) and in phase opposition (FIG. 10).
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show two circuit variants, in each of which each of the two earphones, according to the earphone arrangement according to FIG. 3, is operated by its own power amplifier.
  • a circuit arrangement, called a phase shifter 81, is required to generate the two signals which are to be sent to the two output stages.
  • phase shifter circuit known per se and shown in FIG. 13 can be used as phase shifter 81.
  • the input voltage lies between an input 82 of the phase shifter circuit 81 and a ground line 59.
  • the signal reaches the base 97 of a transistor 94 via a decoupling capacitor 90.
  • the changing AC voltage at 97 generates an AC current through the collector-emitter path of the transistor 94. This current also flows through a collector resistor 92 and an emitter resistor 93 of this stage. If the resistance values of 92 and 93 are chosen to be of the same size, the alternating voltage falling thereon is also of the same size, and the phase of these two voltages is shifted from one another by 180 °. (Capacitors 98 and 100 only separate the different DC potentials).
  • variable resistor 99 either only the voltage of the collector 96 of the transistor 94 - position 102 of the tap 101 (this voltage is 180 ° out of phase with the voltage at point 82) - or only the voltage of the emitter 95 - position 103 of the tap 101 (With the input voltage at 82 in phase) - or partial voltages, in the intermediate positions of the tap 101, are given to the output 84 of the phase shifter stage 81.
  • tap 101 is in the middle position on the resistance path of 99, no AC voltage is present at 84.
  • FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the interconnection of a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 with two single-ended amplifiers 56 and 78, each of which supplies a single-ended receiver 5 and 7 with a signal: each of the amplifiers 56 and 78 is connected to the operating voltage supply 58 and 59, as is the + Connections 8+ and 11 + of the single-ended earphones 5 and 11.
  • the input voltage at 90 is also at the input 83 of the power amplifier 56.
  • the earphone 5 is connected to connection 8-.
  • the output stage 78 receives the signal via the phase shifter circuit 81 at point 85, the output 80 is connected to the connector 14 of the receiver 11.
  • two push-pull earphones 7 and 13 can be connected together via two push-pull output stages 66 and 79 with a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 (FIG. 12):
  • the two power amplifiers 66 and 79 are connected to the supply voltage 58 and 59, as well as the center connections 10 and 16 of the push-pull receiver 7 and 13.
  • the receiver 7 is driven by a signal which is amplified in the output stage 66 without being influenced, while receiver 13 is driven via the output stage 79. This signal is changed in magnitude and phase by the phase shifter circuit 81.
  • the second output stage circuit 78 or 79 does not receive a signal, so the listeners 11 or 13 do not either: the frequency response 67 of FIGS. 14 and 15 is obtained. If the tap 101 is at the end 102, the signal at 84 is in phase opposition to the signal at 83, the listeners 11 or 13 carry out-of-phase signals to the listeners 5 or 7; a frequency response according to curve 69 in FIG. 15 is obtained. If the sliding contact 101 is at 103, the signal is in phase with that of 83, and a frequency response according to curve 68 in FIG. 14 is obtained.
  • the advantage of the circuits according to FIGS. 11 and 12 - mechanical construction of the receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 - is that one construction can achieve both effects, operation in phase and in phase: only by changing the position of the grinder 101 tap on the variable resistor 99 from the low-frequency characteristic (in phase according to FIG. 14 curve 68) with a continuous transition to the high-frequency characteristic (opposite phase according to FIG. 15 curve 69), all receiver frequency responses can be realized.
  • FIG. 14 The effect of the interconnections according to FIGS. 5 to 12 is shown in a diagram in FIG. 14 for in-phase operation and in FIG. 15 for operation in opposite phases.
  • the results were measured in a set-up which corresponds to that in FIG. 3.
  • the logarithm of the frequency is plotted on the abscissa and the acoustic output level in dB is plotted on the ordinate.
  • the curve 67 drawn in a continuous line then shows the frequency response of the arrangement when the listener 11 or 13 receives no signal corresponding to a position of the tap 62 of the actuator resistor 57 at the stop 60.
  • the dashed lines Drawn line 68 is obtained when the tap 62 of the resistor 57 is at the stop 61.
  • the earphones 5 and 11 or 7 and 13 are polarized in opposite phases, the acoustic signals at the sound outlet ports 6 and 12 occur in opposite phases. If the amplitudes are the same size and the phase shift is exactly 180 °, the signals at coupling point 52 are completely canceled. This condition applies (17 and 18) only for very low frequencies.
  • the level rises rapidly for increasing frequencies, because for the sound channel lengths 17 and 18 used in hearing aids, no phase delays occur at low frequencies.
  • the sum level 69 increases rapidly because the phase angle between the two signals is getting smaller and smaller, as is known, in the longer sound channel 17 the phase delay changes faster than in the short sound channel 18, as can be seen from curve 69 in FIG.
  • the dashed line 70 corresponding frequency exceeds the cumulative curve 69 to curve 67. Between the frequencies f 1 and f 2 is the sum of curve higher than the curve 67.
  • both signals meeting approximately along the same phase the signal in the longer Sound channel 17 has turned its phase 180 ° further than that in the shorter channel 18).
  • Both signals add up to a higher overall level, maximum +6 dB.
  • the sum curve falls again above the frequency f 2 .
  • the curve 69 'dotted in FIG. 14 shows the course of the frequency response when the tap 62 of the resistor 57 is in the middle between the two stops 60 and 61.
  • FIG. 29 A known receiver is shown in FIG. 29, in which the space in front of 38 and 39 in the rear of membrane 37 of a receiver is connected via a pipe 55 for setting an internal depth reduction.
  • 35 represents the drive system
  • 36 the drive needle of the receiver.
  • the volume 39 forms, with an air column in the tube 55, a Helmholtz resonator with a resonance frequency f res (line 74 in FIG. 31).
  • FIG. 31 shows the frequency response that can be achieved with a receiver according to FIG. 29.
  • Line 72 shows the frequency response when the tube is closed and line 73 shows the frequency response that can be achieved with the tube 55 open.
  • the remaining measuring arrangement corresponds to that according to FIG. 3. Only the arrangement 4 is replaced by the receiver according to FIG. 29. In the case of the receiver known according to FIG. 29, however, only a permanently set depth reduction, which cannot be changed, is possible.
  • connection pieces 40 and 42 are provided on the receiver, to which the lines 17 and 18 are connected. Changeable adjusting devices can then be provided in these.
  • FIGS. 26 to 28 Some of the options that can be carried out are shown in FIGS. 26 to 28.
  • a second sound nozzle 40 is attached to the receiver 33 according to FIG. 26 in such a way that it is placed in the cavity 39 behind the membrane.
  • Another nozzle 42 leads the sound from the front of the membrane 37 out of the cavity 38. It can be seen that the acoustic signals of the two connecting pieces 40 and 42 are in opposite phase to each other for all frequencies up to the upper frequency limit of the listener.
  • Both nozzles 40 and 42 are connected via a sound channel 17 and 18 to a coupling piece 22 and 23, respectively.
  • the channels 17 and 18 can be of different lengths, with their lengths being chosen in the sense of the desired frequency response.
  • the channels 17 and 18 can also contain acoustic damping elements 19 and 20, which act in the same sense as in FIG. 3 etc.
  • the damping elements 19 and 20 can also be installed at other points in the sound path, for example in the sound connectors 40 and 42 of the receiver 33.
  • the various coupling pieces which are designed as taps 22 and 23, can either be connected to a receiver with two sockets via switching lines 17 and 18 of different lengths or, in another embodiment according to FIG. 28, can be glued to a receiver which only has sound openings 41 and 43 at the corresponding points, as shown in FIG. 28.
  • the coupling piece becomes part of the receiver itself and has a space-saving shape.
  • the connecting channels in the coupling piece can also be integrated in this and receive a meandering course.
  • a cock-like element can be used to change the cross-section of the channels, for example a valve with a rotary plug 54 as an actuator, which allows the channel to be more or less closed.
  • the frequency response corresponding to the continuous line 75 from FIG. 30 is obtained in accordance with a position of the plug 53 transverse to the line 22 according to FIG. 17.
  • the effect of a receiver is achieved which has only one sound output, in the present case the channel 42.
  • the position of the plug 53 shown in FIG. 15 results in a lowering of the frequency response according to the dashed line 76 in FIG. 30. If the plug is installed in the sound channel between the space 38 and the addition point 52, transmission curves between the frequency responses can be made in accordance with lines 75 and set 77.
  • the variation of the frequency response from curve 77 over 76 to 75 according to FIG. 30 can be achieved with a single plug 54 which can be rotated through 180 °.
  • the course of the curve 76 is reached, with the position according to FIG. 21 the course of the curve 77 and with the position according to FIG. 23 that of the curve 75 if the channel 49 with the cavity 38 and the channel 50 is connected to the cavity 39 behind the membrane 37.
  • Possible intermediate positions of the plug 54 are drawn in FIGS. 20 and 22, one channel 49 or 50 in each case remaining open at point 51 and the other being more or less closed. This possibility is achieved by the special design of the plug 54. While in the embodiments according to FIGS.
  • the plug 53 has the shape and effect of a beer tap when used in the channel 48, the design according to FIGS with the omission of a side wall of the chick 53 by leaving behind only a part which represents a circular section in cross section, the principle of action of a three-way valve is achieved.

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  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

An exemplary embodiment comprises an acoustic signal pickup, amplification and reproduction sections wherein the latter contains a plurality of sound sources which influence a shared sound transmission arrangement collecting the sound, influencing it upon formation of a specific transfer characteristic. Given such hearing aids, the originally set frequency characteristic should also be maintained given the maximally attainable output level. To this end, the disclosure provides two identical sound sources, proceeding from which the generated sound is supplied to the ear with specific adaptation to a particular individual hearing loss. For example, the desired transfer characteristic is achieved by establishing selected differential transmission properties for the respective acoustic channels leading from the respective sound sources to the shared passage leading to the ear. An inventively improved hearing aid is particularly suitable for employment as a hearing prothesis for hearing-impaired persons.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Hörgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Solche Hörgeräte enthalten oftmals Vorrichtungen, um einzelne Frequenzbereiche zu betonen und andere abzusenken. Dies kommt daher, dass z.B. Hörgeräte benötigt werden, die hohe Frequenzen mehr verstärken als tiefe, um eine Anpassung auf einen bestimmten Hörschaden zu gewährleisten. Solche sogenannten Hochton-Geräte sind bisher z.B. so erreicht worden, dass sie mit speziellen Mikrofonen (6 dB bzw. 12 dB Anstieg/Oktave im Frequenzgang) oder Verstärkern mit Hochpasscharakter realisiert wurden (vgl. z.B. Buch «Hörgerätetechnik» von W. Güttner, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart 1978, Seiten 115 bis 118).The invention relates to an electrical hearing aid according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Such hearing aids often contain devices to emphasize individual frequency ranges and to lower others. This is because e.g. Hearing aids are needed which amplify high frequencies more than low ones in order to ensure adaptation to a specific hearing damage. Such so-called high-frequency devices are currently e.g. were achieved in such a way that they were realized with special microphones (6 dB or 12 dB rise / octave in the frequency response) or amplifiers with a high-pass character (see, for example, book "Hearing Aid Technology" by W. Güttner, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart 1978, pages 115 to 118).

Die beiden vorgenannten Möglichkeiten haben aber den Nachteil, dass der Frequenzgang des Hörers ungeändert bleibt, so dass bei voller Aussteuerung des Hörgerätes nicht die akustische Einstellung, sondern die Wirksamkeit des Hörers für die dem Schwerhörigen zugeführten Frequenzbereiche massgebend bleibt. Bei vielen Hörbehinderten ist aber der Hörverlust so gross, dass das Hörgerät bis zum maximal erreichbaren Ausgangspegel ausgesteuert werden muss. Da aber der Frequenzgang des maximalen Ausgangspegels der Wirksamkeit des Hörers weitgehend entspricht, ändert sich in dieser Einstellung der Frequenzcharakter eines Hochton-Gerätes bei Annäherung an die Aussteuerungsgrenze und es wird breitbandig, so dass der Hochtoncharakter verloren geht (vgl. Figur 2).However, the two aforementioned options have the disadvantage that the frequency response of the listener remains unchanged, so that when the hearing aid is fully controlled, it is not the acoustic setting but the effectiveness of the listener that is decisive for the frequency ranges supplied to the hearing impaired. In many hearing impaired people, however, the hearing loss is so great that the hearing aid must be adjusted to the maximum attainable output level. However, since the frequency response of the maximum output level largely corresponds to the effectiveness of the listener, this setting changes the frequency character of a tweeter when it approaches the modulation limit and it becomes broadband, so that the tweeter character is lost (see Figure 2).

Aus den Unterlagen zum DE-GM 1 739 043 ist ein Hörgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bekannt, welches zwei oder mehrere verschieden ausgebildete, sich hinsichtlich ihrer Frequenzbereiche ergänzende Schallgeber aufweist, die auf eine gemeinsame, den Schall sammelnde Schallzuführungsanordnung wirken. Diese Anordnung hat aber nur eine Ausdehnung des Frequenzbereiches zur Folge im Sinne einer möglichst grossen Breite eines ohne Frequenzgang übertragbaren akustischen Frequenzbereiches.From the documents for DE-GM 1 739 043 a hearing aid according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, which has two or more differently designed, complementary in terms of their frequency ranges sounders that act on a common sound collecting sound supply arrangement. However, this arrangement only results in an expansion of the frequency range in the sense of the greatest possible width of an acoustic frequency range that can be transmitted without a frequency response.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Hörgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 auch bei maximal erreichbarem Ausgangspegel noch den ursprünglich eingestellten Frequenzcharakter aufrechtzuerhalten. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil dieses Anspruchs angegebenen Massnahmen gelöst. Die Unteransprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.The invention is based, to maintain the originally set frequency character in a hearing aid according to the preamble of claim 1 even at maximum achievable output level. This object is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of this claim. The subclaims contain advantageous developments and refinements of the invention.

Indem bei einem Hörgerät mit Schallsignalaufnahme, -verstärkung und -wiedergabe mehrere Schallgeber gleicher Bauart vorgesehen sind, die auf eine gemeinsame, den Schall sammelnde und zum Ohr unter Bildung einer bestimmten Übertragungscharakteristik führenden Anordnung Mittel zur Einstellung der Wirkung der Schallgeber auf die Führungsanordnung vorgesehen sind, werden auch bei Aussteuerung des Hörgerätes bis zum maximal erreichbaren Ausgangspegel die Frequenzbereiche in der gewünschten Art betont bzw. abgesenkt, weil die Frequenzbeeinflussung erst im Hörer stattfindet und dahinter keine Begrenzung mehr auftreten kann.By providing several sound transmitters of the same type in a hearing aid with sound signal recording, amplification and reproduction, which are provided on a common arrangement that collects the sound and leads to the ear with the formation of a specific transmission characteristic, means for adjusting the effect of the sound transmitters on the guide arrangement, the frequency ranges are emphasized or lowered in the desired manner even when the hearing aid is controlled up to the maximum achievable output level, because the frequency influence only takes place in the listener and no further limitation can occur thereafter.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können als Schallgeber zwei in Hörgeräten übliche Hörer verwendet werden, die vom Verstärker des Gerätes her angeregt werden. Die akustischen Ausgänge dieser Hörer werden dann in einer Schallzuführungsanordnung zum Ohr miteinander vereinigt. Zur Einstellung können dabei akustische Mittel, wie Düsen, Filter, etc., in den Ableitungen von den Hörern und auch noch in der Schallzuführungsanordnung verwendet werden. Es können auch veränderbare, etwa als Hahn ausgestaltete, Mittel in die Leitungen eingesetzt werden, mit denen ihr Querschnitt veränderbar ist. Die akustische Wirkung der Hörer kann aber auch durch unterschiedliche Beeinflussung der elektrischen Anregung der beiden Hörer abgestimmt werden. Eine solche Abstimmung kann etwa durch unterschiedliche Veränderung der von den einzelnen Hörern abgegebenen Lautstärke erfolgen. Es ist aber auch möglich, für jeden Hörer eine eigene Endstufe zu verwenden.In one embodiment of the invention, two hearing aids which are customary in hearing aids and are excited by the amplifier of the device can be used as the sound generator. The acoustic outputs of these listeners are then combined with one another in a sound supply arrangement to the ear. Acoustic means, such as nozzles, filters, etc., can be used for the adjustment in the derivations from the listeners and also in the sound supply arrangement. It is also possible to insert changeable means, for example in the form of a tap, into the lines by means of which their cross section can be changed. The acoustic effect of the listeners can also be tuned by differently influencing the electrical excitation of the two listeners. Such a vote can take place, for example, by differently changing the volume emitted by the individual listeners. But it is also possible to use a separate power amplifier for each listener.

Es ist aber auch möglich, nur einen Hörer zu verwenden und bei diesem von beiden Seiten der Membran Schall abzuleiten und im Sinne der auch bei der Verwendung von zwei Hörern vorgesehenen Zusammenführung zu behandeln. Wie bei der Anordnung mit zwei Hörern können akustische Beeinflussungselemente in die Leitungen eingesetzt werden. Ein solches Element kann etwa auch ein sowohl die zwei Leitungen von den Schallgebern als auch die Leitung der Schallzuführungsanordnung beeinflussender Dreiwegehahn sein.However, it is also possible to use only one earpiece and to conduct sound from it on both sides of the membrane and to treat it in the sense of the merging also provided when two earphones are used. As with the arrangement with two earphones, acoustic influencing elements can be inserted into the lines. Such an element can also be, for example, a three-way valve which influences both the two lines from the sound transmitters and the line of the sound supply arrangement.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele weiter erläutert.Further details and advantages of the invention are further explained below using the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.

In der Figur 1 ist das Prinzipschaltbild eines üblichen Hörgerätes dargestellt,

  • in der Figur 2 ein Diagramm der mit dem Gerät nach Figur 1 erzielbaren Frequenzgänge,
  • in der Figur 3 ein Schallgenerator mit zwei Hörern,
  • in der Figur 4 ein HdO-Gerät mit einem Generator nach Figur 3,
  • in den Figuren 5 und 6 gleich- und gegenphasige elektrische Beeinflussung der Höreranordnung in einer Eintakt-Endstufe, bei Serienschaltung der Hörer nach Figur 3,
  • in den Figuren 7 und 8 gleich- und gegenphasige elektrische Beeinflussung einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3, wobei mit einer Eintakt-Endstufe eine Parallelschaltung der Hörer vorliegt,
  • in den Figuren 9 und 10 eine gleich- und gegenphasige elektrische Beeinflussung einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3, wobei eine Gegentakt-Endstufe eine Parallelschaltung zweier Hörer treibt,
  • in der Figur 11 die Verwendung zweier Eintakt-Endstufen und zweier Eintakt-Hörer sowie eines Phasenschiebers zur gleich- und gegenphasigen Beeinflussung einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3,
  • in der Figur 12 die Verwendung zweier Gegentakt-Endstufen und zweier Gegentakt-Hörer sowie eines Phasenschiebers zur gleich- und gegenphasigen Beeinflussung einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3,
  • in der Figur 13 ein in den Ausführungsbeispielen der Figuren 11 und 12 einsetzbarer Phasenschieber,
  • in der Figur 14 ein Diagramm der Frequenzgänge, die mit gleichphasiger Beeinflussung erreichbar sind,
  • in der Figur 15 ein Diagramm für gegenphasige Beeinflussung,
  • in den Figuren 16 bis 18 die Verwendung eines Hahnes als akustisches Schaltmittel,
  • in den Figuren 19 bis 23 die Verwendung eines Dreiwegehahnes,
  • in der Figur 24 ein Längsquerschnitt durch ein in den Figuren 16 bis 18 verwendetes Küken,
  • in der Figur 25 ein Längsquerschnitt durch ein Küken, das als Schaltelement im Dreiwegehahn nach Figuren 19 bis 23 verwendet ist,
  • in der Figur 26 ein Hörer mit beiderseits der Membran angeordneter Schallabnahme,
  • in der Figur 27 die Schallabnahme bei einer Anordnung nach Figur 26 entsprechend Figur 3,
  • in der Figur 28 die Schallabnahme unter Verwendung eines Dreiwegehahnes nach Figuren 19 bis 23,
  • in der Figur 29 ein Hörer mit einer Rohrverbindung zwischen dem vor und dem hinter der Membran liegenden Raum,
  • in der Figur 30 ein Diagramm der Frequenzgänge, die mit Hörern nach den Figuren 26 bis 28 erzielbar sind, und
  • in der Figur 31 ein Diagramm der Frequenzgänge, die mit dem bekannten Hörer nach Figur 29 erzielbar sind.
1 shows the basic circuit diagram of a conventional hearing aid,
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the frequency responses that can be achieved with the device according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a sound generator with two earphones,
  • 4 shows a BTE device with a generator according to FIG. 3,
  • 5 and 6, in-phase and in-phase electrical influencing of the receiver arrangement in a single-ended output stage, when the receiver according to FIG. 3 is connected in series,
  • 7 and 8 in-phase and in-phase electrical influencing of a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3, the listener being connected in parallel with a single-ended output stage,
  • 9 and 10 an in-phase and in-phase electrical influencing of a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3, a push-pull output stage driving a parallel connection of two listeners,
  • in FIG. 11 the use of two single-ended power amplifiers and two single-ended earphones as well as a phase shifter for the same and opposite phases Influencing a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 12 shows the use of two push-pull output stages and two push-pull earphones and a phase shifter for influencing an earphone arrangement according to FIG. 3 in phase and in phase.
  • FIG. 13 shows a phase shifter that can be used in the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 11 and 12,
  • FIG. 14 shows a diagram of the frequency responses that can be achieved with influencing in phase,
  • FIG. 15 shows a diagram for influencing in opposite phases,
  • 16 to 18 the use of a tap as an acoustic switching means,
  • 19 to 23 the use of a three-way valve,
  • 24 shows a longitudinal cross section through a chick used in FIGS. 16 to 18,
  • 25 shows a longitudinal cross section through a plug which is used as a switching element in the three-way valve according to FIGS. 19 to 23,
  • FIG. 26 shows a receiver with sound absorption arranged on both sides of the membrane,
  • FIG. 27 shows the sound reduction in an arrangement according to FIG. 26 corresponding to FIG. 3,
  • 28 shows the sound absorption using a three-way valve according to FIGS. 19 to 23,
  • FIG. 29 shows a receiver with a pipe connection between the space in front and behind the membrane,
  • 30 shows a diagram of the frequency responses which can be achieved with the earphones according to FIGS. 26 to 28, and
  • 31 shows a diagram of the frequency responses which can be achieved with the known receiver according to FIG. 29.

In der Figur 1 ist in schematischer Darstellung ein Hörgerät nur mit den einfachsten Teilen, d.h. einem Mikrofon 1, einem Verstärker 2 und einem Hörer 3, dargestellt. Mit einem solchen Gerät können die in Figur 2 dargestellten Frequenzgangkurven erreicht werden. Dort sind in einem Diagramm, bei dem entlang der Abszisse der Logarithmus der Frequenz und entlang der Ordinate der Ausgangspegel aufgetragen sind, eine Frequenzgangkurve 9 der Verstärkung und gestrichelt eine Frequenzgangkurve des maximalen Ausgangspegels 15 dargestellt. Daraus erhellt, dass zwar nach der Verstärkung eine steigende Berücksichtigung höherer Frequenzen erfolgt, dass aber beim maximalen Ausgangspegel auch tiefe Frequenzen ebenso verstärkt im Ausgangspegel erscheinen, wie oben bereits dargestellt.A hearing aid with only the simplest parts, i.e. a microphone 1, an amplifier 2 and a receiver 3. The frequency response curves shown in FIG. 2 can be achieved with such a device. There, in a diagram in which the logarithm of the frequency is plotted along the abscissa and the output level along the ordinate, a frequency response curve 9 of the amplification and a frequency response curve of the maximum output level 15 are shown in broken lines. It is evident from this that, after amplification, higher frequencies are taken into account, but that at the maximum output level, low frequencies also appear at the output level, as already shown above.

Nach der Erfindung wird der Hörer 3 nach Figur 1 durch eine Anordnung 4 gemäss Figur 3 ersetzt. Die Anordnung 4 besteht aus zwei Hörern 5 und 11 (vom gleichen Typ), die über verschieden lange Schalleitungen 17 und 18 mit einem Kopplungsstück 21 verbunden sind. In diese Verbindungsleitungen kann je ein akustischer Widerstand 19 und/ oder 20 eingefügt sein. Ähnliche Widerstände können auch noch in die Ableitung eingebracht sein und etwa als solche, die in Figur 3 mit 24 und 25 bezeichnet sind, sich in der Leitung 26 befinden, die sich an das Kopplungsstück 21 anschliesst. Die eigentliche Ableitung erfolgt dann über eine Schalleitung 28 und einen Kanal 29 zum Ohr, das in der Figur 3 durch eine Messvorrichtung ersetzt ist, die einen Kuppler 31 und ein Mikrofon 32 umfasst. In der Figur 4 ist die Anordnung aus Figur 1 und Figur 3 zusammengefasst und in die Darstellung eines HdO-Gerätes gekleidet. Dieses besitzt ein Gehäuse 4', in welchem sich das Mikrofon 1, der Verstärker 2 und die Anordnung 4 befinden. Im Traghaken des Gerätes 27 befindet sich die Leitung 26, an welche sich die Leitung 28 in der Form eines Schalleitungsschlauches fortsetzt, der in ein Ohrpassstück 30 mündet, welches den Kanal 29 erhält, der die eigentliche Verbindung zum Ohr 31 darstellt.According to the invention, the receiver 3 according to FIG. 1 is replaced by an arrangement 4 according to FIG. 3. The arrangement 4 consists of two earphones 5 and 11 (of the same type) which are connected to a coupling piece 21 via switching lines 17 and 18 of different lengths. An acoustic resistor 19 and / or 20 can be inserted into each of these connecting lines. Similar resistors can also be introduced into the derivation and, for example, as such, which are denoted by 24 and 25 in FIG. 3, are located in the line 26, which adjoins the coupling piece 21. The actual derivation then takes place via a formwork line 28 and a channel 29 to the ear, which is replaced in FIG. 3 by a measuring device which comprises a coupler 31 and a microphone 32. The arrangement from FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is summarized in FIG. 4 and dressed in the illustration of a BTE device. This has a housing 4 'in which the microphone 1, the amplifier 2 and the arrangement 4 are located. In the support hook of the device 27 there is the line 26, to which the line 28 continues in the form of a formwork tube, which opens into an earmold 30, which receives the channel 29, which is the actual connection to the ear 31.

Die akustischen Widerstände 19, 20, 24 und 25 können aus querschnittsverengenden Einsätzen bestehen, wie z.B. porösem Material, siebartigen Einsätzen oder anderen Verengungen, wie Düsen. Mit Messreihen kann bestimmt werden, welche Art akustischer Widerstände im Einzelfall die erwünschte Wirkung bringt, ebenso können Länge und Durchmesser der Schallkanäle 17, 18 und 26 bestimmt werden.The acoustic resistors 19, 20, 24 and 25 can consist of cross-sectional constricted inserts, e.g. porous material, sieve-like inserts or other constrictions, such as nozzles. Series of measurements can be used to determine which type of acoustic resistance has the desired effect in individual cases, and the length and diameter of sound channels 17, 18 and 26 can also be determined.

Die beiden Hörer können zur Beeinflussung der Schallwiedergabe in verschiedener Weise elektrisch an die Endstufe des Verstärkers 2 angeschlossen sein. Man kann die entweder in Serie gemäss Figuren 5 und 6 oder parallel gemäss Figuren 7 und 8 betreiben. Technische Kriterien, wie gewünschte Ausgangsleistung, vorhandene Impedanzwerte der Hörer, Innenwiderstand der Endstufe etc., lassen die eine oder andere Version günstiger erscheinen, d.h. bei hoher Leistung der Endstufe und bei niedriger Impedanz der Hörer eine Reihenschaltung.The two earphones can be electrically connected to the output stage of the amplifier 2 in various ways in order to influence the sound reproduction. They can be operated either in series according to FIGS. 5 and 6 or in parallel according to FIGS. 7 and 8. Technical criteria, such as desired output power, existing impedance values of the listeners, internal resistance of the output stage etc., make one or the other version appear more favorable, i.e. with high power of the output stage and with low impedance of the listener a series connection.

Die Endstufe 56 des Verstärkers 2 (Figur 1) liegt gemäss Figuren 5 und 6 mit den Anschlüssen 58 und 59 an der Spannungsversorgung des Hörgerätes. Vom Ausgangsanschluss 63 der Endstufe fliesst der Endstufenstrom (Gleich- und Wechselstrom) hintereinander durch beide Hörer 5 und 11. In Figur 5 sind beide Hörer so geschaltet, dass an den Schallauslassstutzen 6 und 12 (Figur 3) die akustischen Signale jeweils in Phase und gemäss Figur 6 gegenphasig erscheinen.The output stage 56 of the amplifier 2 (FIG. 1) is connected according to FIGS. 5 and 6 with the connections 58 and 59 to the voltage supply of the hearing aid. From the output connection 63 of the output stage, the output stage current (direct and alternating current) flows in succession through both receivers 5 and 11. In FIG. 5, both receivers are switched in such a way that the acoustic signals on the sound outlet connections 6 and 12 (FIG. 3) are in phase and in accordance with Figure 6 appear in phase opposition.

Der Hörer 11 ist jeweils mit einem veränderbaren Widerstand 57 überbrückbar. In Stellung 61 des Abgriffs 62 ist der Strompfad im Stellerwiderstand 57 unterbrochen. Der gesamte Endstufenstrom fliesst auch durch den Hörer 11. In Stellung 60 wird der Hörer 11 kurzgeschlossen, am Hörstutzen 12 tritt dabei kein Signal auf. Dies ergibt für Stellung 61 und Aufbau nach Figur 3 mit Schaltung Figur 5 einen Frequenzverlauf in Figur 14 nach Kurve 68, für Stellung 60 Kurve 67, für Stellung 61 von Abgriff 62; Aufbau nach Figur 3 mit Schaltung Figur 6 Frequenzverlauf in Figur 15 nach Kurve 69; Stellung 60 Kurve 67.The receiver 11 can be bridged with a variable resistor 57. In position 61 of the tap 62, the current path in the actuator resistor 57 is interrupted. The entire output stage current also flows through the receiver 11. In position 60, the receiver 11 is short-circuited, and no signal occurs at the hearing support 12. For position 61 and structure according to FIG. 3 with circuit, this results in a frequency curve in FIG. 14 after curve 68, for position 60 curve 67, for position 61 from tap 62; Structure according to Figure 3 with circuit Figure 6 frequency response in Figure 15 after curve 69; Position 60 curve 67.

In den Figuren 7 und 8 sind die Hörer parallelgeschaltet. Nach Figur 7 liegen sie gleichphasig und nach Figur 8 gegenphasig. Auch hier lässt sich der Strom im Hörer 11 mehr oder weniger stark durch den Stellwiderstand 57 beeinflussen. In Stellung 61 des Abgriffs 62 erfolgt voller Stromdurchgang durch den Hörer 11 und am Anschlag 60 durch Unterbrechung, d.h. unendlichen Widerstand, praktisch ein Ausschalten des Hörers 11.In Figures 7 and 8 the listeners are connected in parallel. According to Figure 7, they are in phase and according to Figure 8 in phase opposition. Here, too, the current in the receiver 11 can be influenced to a greater or lesser extent by the variable resistor 57. In position 61 of the tap 62, there is full passage of current through the receiver 11 and at the stop 60 by interruption, ie infinite resistance, the receiver 11 is practically switched off.

In den Figuren 9 und 10 ist ein Aufbau gezeichnet, bei dem zur Anregung der Schallgeber eine Gegentaktschaltung verwendet ist. Hier können wegen der Notwendigkeit, absolut symmetrisch zusammengesetzte Teilsignale zu haben, die Hörer nur in Parallelschaltung betrieben werden. Auch hier liegt ein Verstärker 66 an den Klemmen 58 und 59 der Betriebsspannung. Die Zuführung des Gleichstroms zur Endstufe von 66 erfolgt über den Mittenanschluss 10 des Gegentakthörers 7. Der Anschluss 16 des Hörers 13 wird in Figur 9 und 10 nicht beschaltet. Da der dritte Anschluss nicht gebraucht wird, kann auch ein Hörer mit nur zwei Anschlüssen verwendet werden. Der Pegel im Hörer 13 lässt sich stufenlos über den Steller 57 regulieren. Auch bei Verwendung der Gegentaktschaltung ist gleich- (Figur 9) und gegenphasiger (Figur 10) Betrieb möglich.FIGS. 9 and 10 show a structure in which a push-pull circuit is used to excite the sound generator. Here, because of the need to have absolutely symmetrically composed partial signals, the listeners can only be operated in parallel. Here too there is an amplifier 66 at terminals 58 and 59 of the operating voltage. The direct current is supplied to the output stage of 66 via the center connection 10 of the push-pull receiver 7. The connection 16 of the receiver 13 is not connected in FIGS. 9 and 10. Since the third connection is not used, a handset with only two connections can also be used. The level in the receiver 13 can be regulated continuously via the actuator 57. Even when the push-pull circuit is used, it is possible to operate in the same way (FIG. 9) and in phase opposition (FIG. 10).

Figuren 11 und 12 zeigen zwei Schaltungsvarianten, bei denen jeweils jeder der zwei Hörer, entsprechend der Höreranordnung nach Figur 3, von je einer eigenen Endstufe betrieben wird. Zur Erzeugung der zwei Signale, die auf die zwei Endstufen zu geben sind, wird eine Schaltungsanordnung, Phasenschieber 81 genannt, benötigt.FIGS. 11 and 12 show two circuit variants, in each of which each of the two earphones, according to the earphone arrangement according to FIG. 3, is operated by its own power amplifier. A circuit arrangement, called a phase shifter 81, is required to generate the two signals which are to be sent to the two output stages.

Als Phasenschieber 81 ist eine an sich bekannte, in Figur 13 dargestellte, Phasenschieberschaltung anwendbar. Die Eingangsspannung liegt zwischen einem Eingang 82 der Phasenschieberschaltung 81 und einer Masseleitung 59. Das Signal gelangt über einen Entkopplungskondensator 90 auf die Basis 97 eines Transistors 94. Die sich ändernde Wechselspannung an 97 erzeugt einen Wechselstrom durch die Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors 94. Dieser Strom durchfliesst auch einen Kollektorwiderstand 92 und einen Emitterwiderstand 93 dieser Stufe. Wählt man die Widerstandswerte von 92 und 93 gleich gross, so ist auch die daran abfallende Wechselspannung gleich gross, die Phase dieser beiden Spannungen zueinander um 180° verschoben. (Kondensatoren 98 und 100 trennen nur die verschiedenen Gleichspannungspotentiale). Mit Hilfe eines Stellwiderstandes 99 kann entweder nur die Spannung des Kollektors 96 des Transistors 94 - Stellung 102 des Abgriffs 101 (diese Spannung ist zur Spannung an Punkt 82 um 180° phasenverschoben) - oder nur die Spannung des Emitters 95 -Stellung 103 des Abgriffs 101 (mit der Eingangsspannung bei 82 in Phase) - oder Teilspannungen, bei Zwischenstellungen des Abgriffs 101, an den Ausgang 84 der Phasenschieberstufe 81 gegeben werden. Bei Mittelstellung des Abgriffs 101 auf der Widerstandsbahn von 99 liegt an 84 keine Wechselspannung.A phase shifter circuit known per se and shown in FIG. 13 can be used as phase shifter 81. The input voltage lies between an input 82 of the phase shifter circuit 81 and a ground line 59. The signal reaches the base 97 of a transistor 94 via a decoupling capacitor 90. The changing AC voltage at 97 generates an AC current through the collector-emitter path of the transistor 94. This current also flows through a collector resistor 92 and an emitter resistor 93 of this stage. If the resistance values of 92 and 93 are chosen to be of the same size, the alternating voltage falling thereon is also of the same size, and the phase of these two voltages is shifted from one another by 180 °. (Capacitors 98 and 100 only separate the different DC potentials). With the help of a variable resistor 99, either only the voltage of the collector 96 of the transistor 94 - position 102 of the tap 101 (this voltage is 180 ° out of phase with the voltage at point 82) - or only the voltage of the emitter 95 - position 103 of the tap 101 (With the input voltage at 82 in phase) - or partial voltages, in the intermediate positions of the tap 101, are given to the output 84 of the phase shifter stage 81. When tap 101 is in the middle position on the resistance path of 99, no AC voltage is present at 84.

Figur 11 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Zusammenschaltung einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3 mit zwei Eintakt-Endstufen 56 und 78, die je einen Eintakt-Hörer 5 und 7 mit Signal versorgen: Jede der Endstufen 56 und 78 liegt an der Betriebsspannungsversorgung 58 und 59, ebenso die + Anschlüsse 8+ und 11 + der Eintakthörer 5 und 11. Die Eingangsspannung an 90 liegt auch am Eingang 83 des Endverstärkers 56. Am Ausgang 63 der Endstufe 56 ist der Hörer 5 mit Anschluss 8- verbunden. Die Endstufe 78 erhält das Signal über die Phasenschieberschaltung 81 an Punkt 85, der Ausgang 80 ist mit dem Anschluss 14- des Hörers 11 verbunden.FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the interconnection of a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 with two single-ended amplifiers 56 and 78, each of which supplies a single-ended receiver 5 and 7 with a signal: each of the amplifiers 56 and 78 is connected to the operating voltage supply 58 and 59, as is the + Connections 8+ and 11 + of the single-ended earphones 5 and 11. The input voltage at 90 is also at the input 83 of the power amplifier 56. At the output 63 of the output stage 56, the earphone 5 is connected to connection 8-. The output stage 78 receives the signal via the phase shifter circuit 81 at point 85, the output 80 is connected to the connector 14 of the receiver 11.

Ebenso können zwei Gegentakthörer 7 und 13 über zwei Gegentakt-Endstufen 66 und 79 mit einer Höreranordnung nach Figur 3 zusammengeschaltet werden (Figur 12): Auch hier werden die beiden Endverstärker 66 und 79 an die Versorgungsspannung 58 und 59 gelegt, sowie die Mittenanschlüsse 10 und 16 der Gegentakthörer 7 und 13. Der Hörer 7 wird von einem Signal angetrieben, das ohne Beeinflussung in der Endstufe 66 verstärkt wird, während Hörer 13 über die Endstufe 79 angetrieben wird. Dieses Signal wird in Betrag und Phase durch die Phasenschieberschaltung 81 verändert.Likewise, two push-pull earphones 7 and 13 can be connected together via two push-pull output stages 66 and 79 with a receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 (FIG. 12): Here too, the two power amplifiers 66 and 79 are connected to the supply voltage 58 and 59, as well as the center connections 10 and 16 of the push-pull receiver 7 and 13. The receiver 7 is driven by a signal which is amplified in the output stage 66 without being influenced, while receiver 13 is driven via the output stage 79. This signal is changed in magnitude and phase by the phase shifter circuit 81.

Die Schaltungen nach Figur 11 und 12 wirken nun folgendermassen:The circuits according to FIGS. 11 and 12 now act as follows:

In Mittelstellung des Abgriffs 101 auf dem Widerstand 99 der Phasenschieberschaltung 81 von Figur 31 liegt an 84 kein Signal. Die zweite Endstufenschaltung 78 bzw. 79 erhält kein Signal, somit die Hörer 11 bzw. 13 auch nicht: Man erhält den Frequenzgang 67 der Figuren 14 und 15. Steht der Abgriff 101 am Ende 102, so ist das Signal bei 84 gegenphasig zu dem Signal bei 83, die Hörer 11 oder 13 führen gegenphasige Signale zu den Hörern 5 oder 7; man erhält einen Frequenzgang nach Kurve 69 in Figur 15. Steht der Schleifkontakt 101 bei 103, so ist das Signal in Phase zu dem von 83, man erhält einen Frequenzgang nach Kurve 68 in Figur 14.In the middle position of the tap 101 on the resistor 99 of the phase shifter circuit 81 from FIG. 31, there is no signal at 84. The second output stage circuit 78 or 79 does not receive a signal, so the listeners 11 or 13 do not either: the frequency response 67 of FIGS. 14 and 15 is obtained. If the tap 101 is at the end 102, the signal at 84 is in phase opposition to the signal at 83, the listeners 11 or 13 carry out-of-phase signals to the listeners 5 or 7; a frequency response according to curve 69 in FIG. 15 is obtained. If the sliding contact 101 is at 103, the signal is in phase with that of 83, and a frequency response according to curve 68 in FIG. 14 is obtained.

Vorteil der Schaltungen nach Figuren 11 und 12 - mechanischer Aufbau der Höreranordnung nach Figur 3 - ist, dass man mit einem Aufbau beide Wirkungen, gleich- und gegenphasigen Betrieb, verwirklichen kann: Nur durch Verändern der Stellung des Abgriffs des Schleifers 101 auf dem Stellwiderstand 99 lassen sich von Tieftoncharakteristik (gleichphasig nach Figur 14 Kurve 68) mit stufenlosem Übergang bis zur Hochtoncharakteristik (gegenphasig nach Figur 15 Kurve 69) alle Hörerfrequenzgänge verwirklichen.The advantage of the circuits according to FIGS. 11 and 12 - mechanical construction of the receiver arrangement according to FIG. 3 - is that one construction can achieve both effects, operation in phase and in phase: only by changing the position of the grinder 101 tap on the variable resistor 99 from the low-frequency characteristic (in phase according to FIG. 14 curve 68) with a continuous transition to the high-frequency characteristic (opposite phase according to FIG. 15 curve 69), all receiver frequency responses can be realized.

Die Wirkung der Zusammenschaltungen gemäss Figuren 5 bis 12 ist in der Figur 14 für phasengleichen und in der Figur 15 für gegenphasigen Betrieb in einem Diagramm dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse wurden in einem Aufbau gemessen, der demjenigen nach Figur 3 entspricht. Im Diagramm ist auf der Abszisse der Logarithmus der Frequenz und auf der Ordinate der akustische Ausgangspegel in dB aufgetragen. Der in durchgehender Linie gezeichnete Kurvenzug 67 zeigt dann den Frequenzgang der Anordnung, wenn der Hörer 11 bzw. 13 kein Signal erhält entsprechend einer Stellung des Abgriffs 62 des Stellerwiderstands 57 am Anschlag 60. Die gestrichelt eingezeichnete Linie 68 wird erhalten, wenn der Abgriff 62 des Widerstands 57 am Anschlag 61 liegt. Für phasengleiche Polung der beiden Hörer von Figur 9 (auch Figuren 5 und 7) und einer Stellung des Abgriffs 62 am Anschlag 61 ergeben sich in den Schallstutzen 6 und 12 phasengleiche Signale. Für tiefe Frequenzen, die links der parallel zur Ordinate liegenden, gestrichelt eingetragenen Linie 70 liegen, summieren sich die Signale am Additionspunkt 52 auf das Doppelte, d.h. um 6 dB, weil beide Signale am Additionspunkt 52 mit gleicher Phase und gleicher Amplitude zusammentreffen. (Die Schallkanallängen 17 und 18 sind noch klein gegenüber der Wellenlänge der übertragenen Frequenz). Für steigende Frequenz ergibt sich aufgrund verschieden langer Laufzeiten der Signale in den verschieden langen Schallkanälen 17 und 18 bei 52 eine zunehmende Phasenverschiebung der beiden Signale zueinander, die Zunahme von 68 gegenüber 67 wird kleiner. Zwischen den gestrichelt eingetragenen Linien 70 und 72 werden die Signale am Punkt 52 gegenphasig, so dass im obengenannten Sinne eine Absenkung des Summensignals erhalten wird. Bezüglich der Frequenz oberhalb der in der Figur auch mit f2 bezeichneten, der Linie 71 entsprechenden Frequenz kann die Linie 68 wieder oberhalb der Linie 67 liegen, weil hier wieder annähernd gleichphasige Signale am Additionspunkt 52 zusammentreffen.The effect of the interconnections according to FIGS. 5 to 12 is shown in a diagram in FIG. 14 for in-phase operation and in FIG. 15 for operation in opposite phases. The results were measured in a set-up which corresponds to that in FIG. 3. The logarithm of the frequency is plotted on the abscissa and the acoustic output level in dB is plotted on the ordinate. The curve 67 drawn in a continuous line then shows the frequency response of the arrangement when the listener 11 or 13 receives no signal corresponding to a position of the tap 62 of the actuator resistor 57 at the stop 60. The dashed lines Drawn line 68 is obtained when the tap 62 of the resistor 57 is at the stop 61. For in-phase polarity of the two earphones of FIG. 9 (also FIGS. 5 and 7) and a position of the tap 62 on the stop 61, signals in phase are obtained in the sound connectors 6 and 12. For low frequencies that are to the left of the dashed line 70 parallel to the ordinate, the signals at the addition point 52 add up to twice, ie by 6 dB, because both signals meet at the addition point 52 with the same phase and the same amplitude. (The sound channel lengths 17 and 18 are still small compared to the wavelength of the transmitted frequency). For increasing frequency, there is an increasing phase shift of the two signals relative to one another at 52 due to the different durations of the signals in the differently long sound channels 17 and 18, the increase from 68 to 67 becoming smaller. Between the dashed lines 70 and 72, the signals at point 52 become out of phase, so that a reduction in the sum signal is obtained in the above sense. With regard to the frequency above the frequency also designated f 2 in the figure and corresponding to line 71, line 68 can again lie above line 67, because here signals of approximately the same phase meet again at addition point 52.

Bei gegenphasiger Polung der Hörer 5 und 11 bzw. 7 und 13 treten die akustischen Signale an den Schallauslassstutzen 6 und 12 gegenphasig auf. Sind die Amplituden gleich gross und beträgt die Phasenverschiebung genau 180°, so löschen sich die Signale am Kopplungspunkt 52 total aus. Diese Bedingung trifft (17 und 18) aber nur für ganz tiefe Frequenzen zu. Für steigende Frequenzen erhöht sich der Pegel rasch, weil für die in Hörgeräten verwendeten Schallkanallängen 17 und 18 bei tiefen Frequenzen noch keine Phasenlaufzeiten auftreten. Für steigende Frequenzen erhöht sich der Summenpegel 69 rasch, weil der Phasenwinkel zwischen den beiden Signalen immer kleiner wird, im längeren Schallkanal 17 verändert sich die Phasenlaufzeit bekanntermassen schneller als im kurzen Schallkanal 18, wie aus der Kurve 69 von Figur 14 hervorgeht. Bei der mit f1 bezeichneten, der gestrichelten Linie 70 entsprechenden Frequenz trifft die Summenkurve 69 den Kurvenzug 67. Zwischen den Frequenzen f1 und f2 liegt die Summenkurve höher als der Kurvenzug 67. Hier treffen beide Signale annähernd gleichphasig zusammen (das Signal im längeren Schallkanal 17 hat seine Phase um 180° weitergedreht als das im kürzeren Kanal 18). Beide Signale addieren sich zu einem höheren Gesamtpegel, maximal +6 dB. Oberhalb der Frequenz f2 fällt die Summenkurve wieder ab. Der in der Figur 14 punktiert eingetragene Kurvenzug 69' zeigt den Verlauf des Frequenzgangs bei Stellung des Abgriffs 62 des Widerstands 57 in der Mitte zwischen den beiden Anschlägen 60 und 61.If the earphones 5 and 11 or 7 and 13 are polarized in opposite phases, the acoustic signals at the sound outlet ports 6 and 12 occur in opposite phases. If the amplitudes are the same size and the phase shift is exactly 180 °, the signals at coupling point 52 are completely canceled. This condition applies (17 and 18) only for very low frequencies. The level rises rapidly for increasing frequencies, because for the sound channel lengths 17 and 18 used in hearing aids, no phase delays occur at low frequencies. For increasing frequencies, the sum level 69 increases rapidly because the phase angle between the two signals is getting smaller and smaller, as is known, in the longer sound channel 17 the phase delay changes faster than in the short sound channel 18, as can be seen from curve 69 in FIG. In the designated f 1, the dashed line 70 corresponding frequency exceeds the cumulative curve 69 to curve 67. Between the frequencies f 1 and f 2 is the sum of curve higher than the curve 67. Here, both signals meeting approximately along the same phase (the signal in the longer Sound channel 17 has turned its phase 180 ° further than that in the shorter channel 18). Both signals add up to a higher overall level, maximum +6 dB. The sum curve falls again above the frequency f 2 . The curve 69 'dotted in FIG. 14 shows the course of the frequency response when the tap 62 of the resistor 57 is in the middle between the two stops 60 and 61.

Die Zusammenschaltung zweier Hörer 5 und 11 bzw. 7 und 13 ergibt bei gleichphasiger Ansteuerung nach Figuren 5, 7 und 9 somit eine Erhöhung der Empfindlichkeit der Übertragung bei Tiefen und eine Verminderung bei hohen Frequenzen, die auch als Tieftoncharakteristik bezeichnet wird. Bei gegenphasigem Betrieb wird das Gegenteil, d.h. eine Verminderung der tiefen Frequenzen und somit eine Hochtoncharakteristik, erreicht.The interconnection of two earphones 5 and 11 or 7 and 13 results in an in-phase control according to FIGS. 5, 7 and 9, thus increasing the sensitivity of the transmission at low frequencies and reducing it at high frequencies, which is also referred to as the low-frequency characteristic. In opposite phase operation, the opposite, i.e. a reduction in the low frequencies and thus a high frequency characteristic.

In Figur 29 ist ein bekannter Hörer dargestellt, bei dem der mit 38 bezeichnete vor und der mit 39 bezeichnete hinter der Membran 37 eines Hörers liegende Raum über ein Rohr 55 zur Einstellung einer internen Tiefenabsenkung verbunden ist. 35 stellt dabei das Antriebssystem, 36 die Antriebsnadel des Hörers dar. Das Volumen 39 bildet mit einer Luftsäule im Rohr 55 einen Helmholtz-Resonator mit einer Resonanzfrequenz fres (Linie 74 in Figur 31).A known receiver is shown in FIG. 29, in which the space in front of 38 and 39 in the rear of membrane 37 of a receiver is connected via a pipe 55 for setting an internal depth reduction. 35 represents the drive system, 36 the drive needle of the receiver. The volume 39 forms, with an air column in the tube 55, a Helmholtz resonator with a resonance frequency f res (line 74 in FIG. 31).

In der Figur 31 ist der mit einem Hörer gemäss Figur 29 erzielbare Frequenzgang dargestellt. Dabei zeigt die Linie 72 denjenigen bei geschlossenem und die Linie 73 den bei offenem Rohr 55 erzielbaren Frequenzgang an. Die übrige Messanordnung stimmt mit derjenigen nach Figur 3 überein. Es ist lediglich die Anordnung 4 durch den Hörer nach Figur 29 ersetzt. Bei dem nach Figur 29 bekannten Hörer ist aber nur eine fest eingestellte Tiefenabsenkung möglich, die nicht veränderbar ist.FIG. 31 shows the frequency response that can be achieved with a receiver according to FIG. 29. Line 72 shows the frequency response when the tube is closed and line 73 shows the frequency response that can be achieved with the tube 55 open. The remaining measuring arrangement corresponds to that according to FIG. 3. Only the arrangement 4 is replaced by the receiver according to FIG. 29. In the case of the receiver known according to FIG. 29, however, only a permanently set depth reduction, which cannot be changed, is possible.

Werden zwischen den Hohlräumen 38 und 39 im Sinne der Anordnung 4 aus Figur 3 Leitungen 17 und 18 verlegt, dann erhält man eine Anordnung, die weitgehend derjenigen nach Figur 26 entspricht. Am Hörer sind dabei lediglich Anschlussstutzen 40 und 42 vorgesehen, an welchen sich die Leitungen 17 und 18 anschliessen. In diesen können dann veränderbare Einstellvorrichtungen vorgesehen werden. In den Figuren 26 bis 28 sind einige der dabei ausführbaren Möglichkeiten gezeichnet. Beim Hörer 33 nach Figur 26 ist ein zweiter Schallstutzen 40 so angebracht, dass dieser im Hohlraum 39 hinter der Membran angesetzt ist. Ein weiterer Stutzen 42 leitet den Schall von der Vorderseite der Membran 37 aus dem Hohlraum 38 ab. Es ist ersichtlich, dass für alle Frequenzen bis nahe zur oberen Frequenzgrenze des Hörers die akustischen Signale der beiden Stutzen 40 und 42 gegenphasig zueinander sind. Beide Stutzen 40 und 42 sind über je einen Schallkanal 17 und 18 mit einem Kupplungsstück 22 bzw. 23 verbunden. Die Kanäle 17 und 18 können unterschiedlich lang sein, wobei ihre Längen im Sinne des erwünschten Frequenzgangs zu wählen sind. Die Kanäle 17 und 18 können auch akustische Dämpfungselemente 19 und 20 enthalten, die im gleichen Sinne wie in Figur 3 etc. wirken. Die Dämpfungselemente 19 und 20 können auch an anderen Stellen des Schallweges, etwa in den Schallstutzen 40 und 42 des Hörers 33, eingebaut werden.If lines 17 and 18 are laid between the cavities 38 and 39 in the sense of the arrangement 4 from FIG. 3, an arrangement is obtained which largely corresponds to that according to FIG. In this case, only connection pieces 40 and 42 are provided on the receiver, to which the lines 17 and 18 are connected. Changeable adjusting devices can then be provided in these. Some of the options that can be carried out are shown in FIGS. 26 to 28. A second sound nozzle 40 is attached to the receiver 33 according to FIG. 26 in such a way that it is placed in the cavity 39 behind the membrane. Another nozzle 42 leads the sound from the front of the membrane 37 out of the cavity 38. It can be seen that the acoustic signals of the two connecting pieces 40 and 42 are in opposite phase to each other for all frequencies up to the upper frequency limit of the listener. Both nozzles 40 and 42 are connected via a sound channel 17 and 18 to a coupling piece 22 and 23, respectively. The channels 17 and 18 can be of different lengths, with their lengths being chosen in the sense of the desired frequency response. The channels 17 and 18 can also contain acoustic damping elements 19 and 20, which act in the same sense as in FIG. 3 etc. The damping elements 19 and 20 can also be installed at other points in the sound path, for example in the sound connectors 40 and 42 of the receiver 33.

Die verschiedenen Kupplungsstücke, die als Hähne 22 und 23 ausgebildet sind, können entweder über verschieden lange Schalleitungen 17 und 18 mit einem Hörer mit zwei Stutzen verbunden werden oder in einer anderen Ausführung nach Figur 28 auf einen Hörer aufgeklebt werden, der an den entsprechenden Stellen nur Schalldurchbrüche 41 und 43 aufweist entsprechend Figur 28. Das Kupplungsstück wird in dieser Ausbildung Bestandteil des Hörers selbst und erhält raumsparende Form. Zu diesem Zweck können die Verbindungskanäle im Kupplungsstück auch in diesem integriert sein und mäanderartigen Verlauf erhalten.The various coupling pieces, which are designed as taps 22 and 23, can either be connected to a receiver with two sockets via switching lines 17 and 18 of different lengths or, in another embodiment according to FIG. 28, can be glued to a receiver which only has sound openings 41 and 43 at the corresponding points, as shown in FIG. 28. In this embodiment, the coupling piece becomes part of the receiver itself and has a space-saving shape. For this purpose, the connecting channels in the coupling piece can also be integrated in this and receive a meandering course.

Bei Verwendung eines Kupplungsstückes nach den Figuren 16 oder 19 kann im Kanal 48 bzw. 50 eine Veränderung des Durchlassquerschnitts vorgesehen werden. Dadurch ist eine Wirkung erzielbar wie bei Figur 30. Zur Veränderung des Querschnitts der Kanäle kann ein hahnartiges Element benutzt werden, etwa ein Hahn mit einem Drehküken 54 als Stellglied, das es gestattet, den Kanal mehr oder weniger zu verschliessen.If a coupling piece according to FIGS. 16 or 19 is used, a change in the passage cross section can be provided in channel 48 or 50. As a result, an effect can be achieved as in FIG. 30. A cock-like element can be used to change the cross-section of the channels, for example a valve with a rotary plug 54 as an actuator, which allows the channel to be more or less closed.

Ist das Stellglied 54, d.h. das Küken zwischen dem hinteren Hohlraum 29 und dem Additionspunkt 52 eingebaut, so lassen sich Übertragungskurven zwischen den Frequenzgängen entsprechend der Linien zwischen den Kurven 75 und 76 der Figur 30 erzielen.If the actuator 54, i.e. If the plug is installed between the rear cavity 29 and the addition point 52, transmission curves between the frequency responses can be achieved in accordance with the lines between the curves 75 and 76 in FIG. 30.

Der Frequenzgang entsprechend der durchgehenden Linie 75 von Figur 30 wird erhalten entsprechend einer Stellung des Kükens 53 quer zur Leitung 22 nach Figur 17. Dabei wird die Wirkung eines Hörers erzielt, der nur einen Schallausgang, im vorliegenden Fall den Kanal 42, aufweist. Die in Figur 15 gezeichnete Stellung des Kükens 53 ergibt eine Tiefenabsenkung im Frequenzgang nach der gestrichelt gezeichneten Linie 76 der Figur 30. Ist das Küken in den Schallkanal zwischen dem Raum 38 und dem Additionspunkt52 eingebaut, so lassen sich Übertragungskurven zwischen den Frequenzgängen entsprechend den Linien 75 und 77 einstellen.The frequency response corresponding to the continuous line 75 from FIG. 30 is obtained in accordance with a position of the plug 53 transverse to the line 22 according to FIG. 17. The effect of a receiver is achieved which has only one sound output, in the present case the channel 42. The position of the plug 53 shown in FIG. 15 results in a lowering of the frequency response according to the dashed line 76 in FIG. 30. If the plug is installed in the sound channel between the space 38 and the addition point 52, transmission curves between the frequency responses can be made in accordance with lines 75 and set 77.

Mit einem Kupplungsstück nach den Figuren 19 bis 23 kann man die Variation des Frequenzgangs von der Kurve 77 über 76 nach 75 gemäss Figur 30 mit einem einzigen Küken 54 erreichen, welches um 180° drehbar ist. Bei einer Stellung des Kükens 54 entsprechend Figur 19 wird der Verlauf der Kurve 76 erreicht, bei Stellung nach Figur 21 der Verlauf der Kurve 77 und bei Stellung nach Figur 23 derjenige der Kurve 75, falls der Kanal 49 mit dem Hohlraum 38 und der Kanal 50 mit dem Hohlraum 39 hinter der Membran 37 verbunden ist. In den Figuren 20 und 22 sind mögliche Zwischenstellungen des Kükens 54 gezeichnet, wobei jeweils ein Kanal 49 oder 50 am Punkt 51 offen bleibt und der andere mehr oder weniger geschlossen wird. Erreicht wird diese Möglichkeit durch die besondere Gestaltung des Kükens 54. Während bei den Ausführungen nach den Figuren 16 bis 18 das Küken 53 bei seinem Einsatz in den Kanal 48 die Form und Wirkung eines Bierhahnes aufweist, wird bei der Ausbildung gemäss den Figuren 19 bis 23 unter Weglassung einer Seitenwand des Kükens 53 durch die Zurücklassung nur eines im Querschnitt einen Kreisabschnitt darstellenden Teils das Wirkungsprinzip eines Dreiwegehahnes erreicht.With a coupling piece according to FIGS. 19 to 23, the variation of the frequency response from curve 77 over 76 to 75 according to FIG. 30 can be achieved with a single plug 54 which can be rotated through 180 °. With a position of the plug 54 according to FIG. 19, the course of the curve 76 is reached, with the position according to FIG. 21 the course of the curve 77 and with the position according to FIG. 23 that of the curve 75 if the channel 49 with the cavity 38 and the channel 50 is connected to the cavity 39 behind the membrane 37. Possible intermediate positions of the plug 54 are drawn in FIGS. 20 and 22, one channel 49 or 50 in each case remaining open at point 51 and the other being more or less closed. This possibility is achieved by the special design of the plug 54. While in the embodiments according to FIGS. 16 to 18 the plug 53 has the shape and effect of a beer tap when used in the channel 48, the design according to FIGS with the omission of a side wall of the chick 53 by leaving behind only a part which represents a circular section in cross section, the principle of action of a three-way valve is achieved.

Claims (8)

1. An electric hearing aid comprising a sound signal receiver (1), amplifier (2) and reproduction device (3), where the latter contains two sound generators (5, 11 and 7, 13) which act on a common sound supply arrangement (21, 26, 28, 29) which collects the sound via conductors (17, 18) of unequal length, thus forming a specific transmission characteristic, characterised in that the sound generators (5, 11 and 7, 13) are identical in frequency and the lengths of the unequal conductors (17, 18) are adapted to one another such that for selected frequencies the sound transmission in the first conductor is displaced in phase by substantially 180° with respect to the sound transmission in the other conductor.
2. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that components (19, 20) which effect a change in cross-section are inserted into at least one of the conductors (17, 18) of unequal length.
3. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that components (24, 25) which effect a change in cross-section are inserted into the sound supply arrangement (26, 28, 29) fed from the conductors (17, 18) of unequal length.
4. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the component which effects a change in cross-section consists of a cock (22, 23) whose adjusting plug (53, 54) can be rotated, thus changing the cross-sections of the supply conductors.
5. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the cock is a three-way cock (23).
6. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the plug (54) of the three-way cock has a diameter which at least corresponds to the circle centred on the intersection of the abutting conductors (45, 49, 50) and the course of which crosses the meeting points of the lines and has the form of a segment (54) of the circle in the switching zone, where the chord at least covers the cross-section of the conductors (49, 50).
7. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the two ear-phones (5, 11, 7, 13) are electrically connected to the output stage (56) of the amplifier in different ways.
8. An electric hearing aid as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that only one ear-phone (33) is used and the two sides of the membrane (37) of the ear-phone are used as sound generators, where a conductor (17, 18) in each case extends to the sound-collecting (25) sound supply arrangement (26) from the space located in front of and behind the membrane.
EP83105876A 1982-07-01 1983-06-15 Electric hearing aid Expired EP0098421B1 (en)

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AT83105876T ATE34899T1 (en) 1982-07-01 1983-06-15 ELECTRICAL HEARING AID.

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DE3224614 1982-07-01
DE19823224614 DE3224614A1 (en) 1982-07-01 1982-07-01 ELECTRIC HOURER

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EP0098421A2 EP0098421A2 (en) 1984-01-18
EP0098421A3 EP0098421A3 (en) 1985-04-17
EP0098421B1 true EP0098421B1 (en) 1988-06-01

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US (1) US4629833A (en)
EP (1) EP0098421B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5922500A (en)
AT (1) ATE34899T1 (en)
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DE (3) DE3224614A1 (en)
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DE3224614A1 (en) 1984-01-05
US4629833A (en) 1986-12-16
DK301083D0 (en) 1983-06-30
CA1211831A (en) 1986-09-23
DE3376950D1 (en) 1988-07-07
EP0098421A2 (en) 1984-01-18
ATE34899T1 (en) 1988-06-15
DK301083A (en) 1984-01-02
JPS5922500A (en) 1984-02-04
DE8218876U1 (en) 1985-12-05
EP0098421A3 (en) 1985-04-17

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