EP0095692A1 - Glass block filled with a liquid and wall element of such glass blocks - Google Patents

Glass block filled with a liquid and wall element of such glass blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0095692A1
EP0095692A1 EP83105065A EP83105065A EP0095692A1 EP 0095692 A1 EP0095692 A1 EP 0095692A1 EP 83105065 A EP83105065 A EP 83105065A EP 83105065 A EP83105065 A EP 83105065A EP 0095692 A1 EP0095692 A1 EP 0095692A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
water
glass block
liquid
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83105065A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0095692B1 (en
Inventor
Gerd Heusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
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Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
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Application filed by Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH filed Critical Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Priority to AT83105065T priority Critical patent/ATE16124T1/en
Publication of EP0095692A1 publication Critical patent/EP0095692A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0095692B1 publication Critical patent/EP0095692B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glass block filled with a liquid, and to a wall element constructed from such liquid-filled glass blocks.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a liquid-filled glass block, which has particularly favorable properties in terms of energy technology due to its liquid filling.
  • the liquid-filled glass block should have good heat-storing properties and, at the same time, the good usage behavior required for its practical use.
  • the glass block according to the invention is characterized in that its liquid filling consists of a hydrogel with an additive lowering the freezing point.
  • the essential component of the liquid filling is water.
  • Water has various properties that are particularly interesting for the passive use of solar energy in buildings, namely a high heat storage capacity, a high specific heat and a high absorption capacity for heat radiation. Because of its excellent warmth Storage capacity that is 2 to 3 times higher than that of normal components, its use as a heat storage medium is known per se. Due to its high specific heat, which is almost four times higher than the specific heat of reinforced concrete, water is able to store a relatively large amount of heat per unit volume. And the good absorption properties for heat radiation with a high transmission of visible light contribute to the fact that the incident solar radiation leads to a relatively high proportion to the desired heating of the water, while at the same time the transparency is not noticeably impaired.
  • a component with a strong temperature-compensating effect By filling a hollow glass block with water, a component with a strong temperature-compensating effect is created.
  • the solar radiation When the solar radiation is applied, a large part of the heat radiation is absorbed by the component, so that the space behind it is initially shielded from this heat radiation.
  • the wall heats up slowly, stores a relatively large amount of heat and later releases it into the room as long-wave heat radiation, for example when direct sunlight has ceased.
  • a wall constructed from such glass blocks acts as a stabilizer of the temperature or the microclimate inside the building and in this way makes excellent use of natural solar energy.
  • a glass block filled only with water would not have the required performance properties in order to be used as a component, it is provided according to the invention to use a highly water-containing solution as the filling, which polymerizes into a hydrogel after being filled into the cavity of the glass block or gelled, and the freezing point is reduced by an appropriate addition to the desired level.
  • Known gel formers are added for gel formation. The gel formation ensures that the water is bound so that it cannot leak if the glass block becomes leaky for any reason.
  • the glass block which essentially contains water, is frost-proof due to the addition which lowers the freezing point, so that it can also be installed without any disadvantages in regions at risk of frost.
  • a water-soluble salt such as sodium silicate or sodium chloride is used in a sufficient amount of about 10 to 30% by weight to lower the freezing point, the additional effect is achieved that the fire-retardant properties of the glass block are significantly improved. After the water has evaporated under the action of the fire heat, a foam-like structure remains, which essentially consists of the salt and which has a highly heat-insulating effect.
  • the effect can be achieved if the heat emission of the glass block is reduced to the outside. This can be achieved, for example, by glass panes arranged on the outside with an air gap, if necessary by additional insulating glass panes. The effect of these additional transparent plates can be further increased by surface layers which reflect the long-wave IR radiation. It is also possible to temporarily reduce the heat emission of these components to the outside only when no solar radiation is incident, and for this purpose, for example, to connect shutters or other heat insulating bodies outside the glass block wall.
  • suitable gel-forming additives are acrylic acid derivatives, such as methacrylic acid amide and acrylamide, or mixtures thereof. These substances polymerize in aqueous solution, the polymerization being achieved using peroxides or persalts with the addition of an accelerator. Diethylaminopropionitrile (DEAPN), for example, can be used as an accelerator. If necessary, a crosslinking agent can also be added to the solution, for example N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide (NN'-MBA).
  • DEAPN Diethylaminopropionitrile
  • N'-MBA N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide
  • the additives required to lower the freezing point suitably consist of a releasable mineral salt which is compatible with the gel-forming solution.
  • a releasable mineral salt which is compatible with the gel-forming solution.
  • Sodium silicate (water glass) or sodium chloride are suitable for this.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

1. A glass brick filled with a transparent liquid consisting essentially of water, characterized in that the filling consists of a hydrogel containing a high percentage of water with a derivative of acrylic acid such as methacrylamide or acrylamide as a gel former and a water-soluble salt such as sodium silicate or sodium chloride as an additive lowering the freezing point.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen mit einer Flüssigkeit gefüllten Glasbaustein, sowie ein aus solchen flüssigkeitsgefüllten Glasbausteinen aufgebautes Wandelement.The invention relates to a glass block filled with a liquid, and to a wall element constructed from such liquid-filled glass blocks.

Aus der DE-PS 765 o39 ist ein allseitig geschlossener Hohlglasbaustein bekannt, dessen Hohlraum mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt sein kann.From DE-PS 765 o39 a hollow glass block closed on all sides is known, the cavity of which can be filled with liquid.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen flüssigkeitsgefüllten Glasbaustein zu schaffen, der durch seine Flüssigkeitsfüllung in energietechnischer Hinsicht besonders günstige Eigenschaften aufweist. Insbesondere soll der flüssigkeitsgefüllte Glasbaustein gute wärmespeichernde Eigenschaften und gleichzeitig das für seinen praktischen Einsatz erforderliche gute Gebrauchsverhalten aufweisen.The invention has for its object to provide a liquid-filled glass block, which has particularly favorable properties in terms of energy technology due to its liquid filling. In particular, the liquid-filled glass block should have good heat-storing properties and, at the same time, the good usage behavior required for its practical use.

Der erfindungsgemäße Glasbaustein zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß seine Flüssigkeitsfüllung aus einem Hydrogel mit einem den Gefrierpunkt herabsetzenden Zusatz besteht.The glass block according to the invention is characterized in that its liquid filling consists of a hydrogel with an additive lowering the freezing point.

Der wesentliche Bestandteil der Flüssigkeitsfüllung ist erfindungsgemäß Wasser. Wasser hat verschiedene Eigenschaften, die für die passive Sonnenenergienutzung in Bauwerken besonders interessant sind, nämlich eine hohe Wärmespeicherfähigkeit, eine hohe spezifische Wärme und eine hohe Absorptionsfähigkeit für Wärmestrahlung. Wegen seiner hervorragenden Wärmespeicherfähigkeit, die um das 2- bis 3-fache über derjenigen normalen Bauteile liegt, ist seine Verwendung als Wärmespeichermedium an sich bekannt. Durch seine hohe spezifische Wärme, die fast viermal höher ist als die spezifische Wärme von Stahlbeton, ist Wasser in der Lage, eine verhältnismäßig große Wärmemenge pro Volumeneinheit zu speichern. Und die guten Absorptionseigenschaften für Wärmestrahlung bei gleichzeitig hoher Transmission des sichtbaren Lichtes tragen dazu bei, daß die auftreffende Sonnenstrahlung zu einem relativ hohen Anteil zu der gewünschten Erwärmung des Wassers führt, während gleichzeitig die Durchsicht nicht merklich beeinträchtigt wird.According to the invention, the essential component of the liquid filling is water. Water has various properties that are particularly interesting for the passive use of solar energy in buildings, namely a high heat storage capacity, a high specific heat and a high absorption capacity for heat radiation. Because of its excellent warmth Storage capacity that is 2 to 3 times higher than that of normal components, its use as a heat storage medium is known per se. Due to its high specific heat, which is almost four times higher than the specific heat of reinforced concrete, water is able to store a relatively large amount of heat per unit volume. And the good absorption properties for heat radiation with a high transmission of visible light contribute to the fact that the incident solar radiation leads to a relatively high proportion to the desired heating of the water, while at the same time the transparency is not noticeably impaired.

Durch die Füllung eines Hohlglasbausteins mit Wasser wird ein Bauelement mit einer stark temperaturausgleichenden Wirkung geschaffen. Bei Beaufschlagung mit der Sonnenstrahlung wird nämlich ein großer Teil der Wärmestrahlung durch das Bauelement absorbiert, so daß der dahinter liegende Raum zunächst gegen diese Wärmestrahlung abgeschirmt wird. Die Wand erwärmt sich dabei langsam, speichert relativ viel Wärme und gibt sie später, wenn beispielsweise die direkte Sonneneintrahlung aufgehört hat, noch über eine längere Zeit als langwellige Wärmestrahlung in den Raum ab. Infolge dieser Eigenschaften wirkt eine aus solchen Glasbausteinen aufgebaute Wand als Stabilisator der Temperatur bzw. des Mikroklimas im Innern des Gebäudes und nutzt auf diese Weise in hervorragender Weise die natürliche Sonnenenergie aus.By filling a hollow glass block with water, a component with a strong temperature-compensating effect is created. When the solar radiation is applied, a large part of the heat radiation is absorbed by the component, so that the space behind it is initially shielded from this heat radiation. The wall heats up slowly, stores a relatively large amount of heat and later releases it into the room as long-wave heat radiation, for example when direct sunlight has ceased. As a result of these properties, a wall constructed from such glass blocks acts as a stabilizer of the temperature or the microclimate inside the building and in this way makes excellent use of natural solar energy.

Da ein lediglich mit Wasser gefüllter Glasbaustein die erforderlichen Gebrauchseigenschaften nicht aufweisen würde, um als Bauelement zum Einsatz zu kommen, ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, als Füllung eine hoch wasserhaltige Lösung zu verwenden, die nach ihrem Einfüllen in den Hohlraum des Glasbausteins zu einem Hydrogel polymerisiert bzw. geliert, und deren Gefrierpunkt durch einen entsprechenden Zusatz um das gewünschte Maß herabgesetzt ist. Zur Gelbildung werden bekannte Gelbildner zugesetzt. Die Gelbildung sorgt dafür, daß das Wasser gebunden wird, so daß es nicht auslaufen kann, wenn der Glasbaustein aus irgendwelchen Gründen undicht wird. Andererseits wird der im wesentlichen Wasser enthaltende Glasbaustein durch den den Gefrierpunkt erniedrigenden Zusatz frostsicher, so daß er auch in frostgefährdeten Regionen ohne Nachteile eingebaut werden kann.Since a glass block filled only with water would not have the required performance properties in order to be used as a component, it is provided according to the invention to use a highly water-containing solution as the filling, which polymerizes into a hydrogel after being filled into the cavity of the glass block or gelled, and the freezing point is reduced by an appropriate addition to the desired level. Known gel formers are added for gel formation. The gel formation ensures that the water is bound so that it cannot leak if the glass block becomes leaky for any reason. On the other hand, the glass block, which essentially contains water, is frost-proof due to the addition which lowers the freezing point, so that it can also be installed without any disadvantages in regions at risk of frost.

Wenn man beispielsweise zur Herabsetzung des Gefrierpunktes ein wasserlösliches Salz wie Natriumsilikat oder Natriumchlorid in einer ausreichenden Menge von etwa 1o bis 3o Gew.-% verwendet, erreicht man noch den zusätzlichen Effekt, daß die feuerhemmenden Eigenschaften des Glasbausteins wesentlich verbessert werden. Denn nach dem Verdunsten des Wassers unter der Wirkung der Brandhitze bleibt dann ein schaumartiges Gerüst stehen, das im wesentlichen aus dem Salz besteht und das eine stark hitzeisolierende Wirkung ausübt.If, for example, a water-soluble salt such as sodium silicate or sodium chloride is used in a sufficient amount of about 10 to 30% by weight to lower the freezing point, the additional effect is achieved that the fire-retardant properties of the glass block are significantly improved. After the water has evaporated under the action of the fire heat, a foam-like structure remains, which essentially consists of the salt and which has a highly heat-insulating effect.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der temperaturausgleichenden Wirkung läßt sich erzielen, wenn die Wärmeabgabe des Glasbausteins nach außen herabgesetzt wird. Das läßt sich beispielsweise durch auf der Außenseite mit Luftabstand angeordnete Glasscheiben, gegebenenfalls durch zusätzliche Isolierglasscheiben, erreichen. Die Wirkung dieser zusätzlichen transparenten Platten kann durch Oberflächenschichten, die die langwellige IR-Strahlung reflektieren, weiter erhöht werden. Auch ist es möglich, die Wärmeabgabe dieser Bauelemente nach außen temporär nur dann einzudämmen, wenn keine Sonnenstrahlung einfällt, und zu diesem Zweck beispielsweise Rolläden oder andere Wärmeisolierkörper außen vor die Glasbausteinwand vorzuschalten.Another improvement in temperature compensation The effect can be achieved if the heat emission of the glass block is reduced to the outside. This can be achieved, for example, by glass panes arranged on the outside with an air gap, if necessary by additional insulating glass panes. The effect of these additional transparent plates can be further increased by surface layers which reflect the long-wave IR radiation. It is also possible to temporarily reduce the heat emission of these components to the outside only when no solar radiation is incident, and for this purpose, for example, to connect shutters or other heat insulating bodies outside the glass block wall.

Als gelbildende Zusätze eignen sich beispielsweise Acrylsäurederivate wie Methacrylsäureamid und Acrylamid, oder Mischungen hiervon. Diese Stoffe polymerisieren in wässeriger Lösung, wobei man die Polymerisation mit Hilfe von Peroxyden oder Persalzen unter Zugabe eines Beschleunigers erreicht. Als Beschleuniger kommt beispielsweise Diäthylaminopropionitril (DEAPN) in Frage. Gegebenenfalls kann man der Lösung auch noch ein Vernetzungsmittel hinzufügen, beispielsweise N-N'-Methylenbisacrylamid (NN'-MBA).Examples of suitable gel-forming additives are acrylic acid derivatives, such as methacrylic acid amide and acrylamide, or mixtures thereof. These substances polymerize in aqueous solution, the polymerization being achieved using peroxides or persalts with the addition of an accelerator. Diethylaminopropionitrile (DEAPN), for example, can be used as an accelerator. If necessary, a crosslinking agent can also be added to the solution, for example N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide (NN'-MBA).

Die für die Herabsetzung des Gefrierpunktes erforderlichen Zusätze bestehen zweckmäßigerweise aus einem lösbaren Mineralsalz, das mit der gelbildenden Lösung kompatibel ist. Hierfür eignen sich unter anderem Natriumsilikat (Wasserglas) oder Natriumchlorid.The additives required to lower the freezing point suitably consist of a releasable mineral salt which is compatible with the gel-forming solution. Sodium silicate (water glass) or sodium chloride are suitable for this.

Hochwasserhaltige gelierende Lösungen, wie sie für den erfindungsgemäßen Zweck mit Erfolg eingesetzt werden können, sind beispielsweise in der FR-PS 1 458 945 als für die Bodenverfestigung brauchbare Zusammensetzungen beschrieben, auf die insoweit Bezug genommen wird.Flood-containing gelling solutions, such as can be used successfully for the purpose according to the invention, are described, for example, in FR-PS 1 458 945 as compositions which can be used for soil consolidation and to which reference is made in this respect.

Claims (5)

1. Mit einer Flüssigkeit gefüllter Glasbaustein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füllung aus einem hoch wasserhaltigen Hydrogel mit einem den Gefrierpunkt herabsetzenden Zusatz besteht.1. With a liquid-filled glass block, characterized in that the filling consists of a highly water-containing hydrogel with an additive lowering the freezing point. 2. Glasbaustein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Füllflüssigkeit als Gelbildner ein Acrylsäurederivat zugesetzt ist.2. Glass block according to claim 1, characterized in that an acrylic acid derivative is added to the filling liquid as a gel former. 3. Glasbaustein nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Gefrierpunkt herabsetzende Zusatz aus einem wasserlöslichen Salz besteht.3. Glass block according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the freezing point additive consists of a water-soluble salt. 4. Glasbaustein nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füllflüssigkeit 7o bis 95% Wasser und 5 bis 25 % eines wasserlöslichen Salzes aufweist.4. Glass block according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the filling liquid has 7o to 95% water and 5 to 25% of a water-soluble salt. 5. Wandelement aus Glasbausteinen nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei seiner Anwendung als wärmespeichernde Außenwand zur Verminderung der Wärmeverluste auf der Außenseite vor den Glasbausteinen eine oder mehrere Glasscheiben mit Luftabstand angeordnet sind.5. Wall element made of glass blocks according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that when used as a heat-storing outer wall to reduce the heat losses on the outside in front of the glass blocks one or more glass panes are arranged with an air gap.
EP83105065A 1982-05-27 1983-05-21 Glass block filled with a liquid and wall element of such glass blocks Expired EP0095692B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83105065T ATE16124T1 (en) 1982-05-27 1983-05-21 GLASS BUILDING FILLED WITH A LIQUID AND CONVERSION ELEMENT FROM SUCH GLASS BUILDING BLOCKS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3219863 1982-05-27
DE19823219863 DE3219863A1 (en) 1982-05-27 1982-05-27 GLASS BLOCKS FILLED WITH A LIQUID AND WALL ELEMENT OF SUCH GLASS BLOCKS

Publications (2)

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EP0095692A1 true EP0095692A1 (en) 1983-12-07
EP0095692B1 EP0095692B1 (en) 1985-10-16

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EP83105065A Expired EP0095692B1 (en) 1982-05-27 1983-05-21 Glass block filled with a liquid and wall element of such glass blocks

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EP (1) EP0095692B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE16124T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3219863A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0665343A1 (en) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-02 Dow Corning Hansil Limited Improved buildings blocks
EP1624741A3 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-11-05 Sony Corporation Electromagnetism suppressing material, electromagnetism suppressing device, and electronic appliance
ES2322219A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2009-06-17 Miguel Angel Abellan Ovide Procedure for handling glass paves (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1919272U (en) * 1964-05-30 1965-07-08 Siemens Ag LAMINATION DEVICE MADE OF PLASTIC FOR LIGHTING AND ARCHITECTURAL PURPOSES.
DE2360305B2 (en) * 1973-12-04 1977-03-24 Marcus, Joachim, 2100 Hamburg SOLAR HEAT STORAGE ELEMENT FOR BUILDINGS
GB1495951A (en) * 1974-01-03 1977-12-21 Michaelis M Wall structure

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE765039C (en) * 1937-12-28 1952-03-31 Saint Gobain Hollow glass brick, which is divided into several chambers and closed on all sides
AT224322B (en) * 1958-03-19 1962-11-12 Eberspaecher J Wall or roof glazing
GB1585125A (en) * 1976-07-26 1981-02-25 Bfg Glassgroup Vitreous building elements

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1919272U (en) * 1964-05-30 1965-07-08 Siemens Ag LAMINATION DEVICE MADE OF PLASTIC FOR LIGHTING AND ARCHITECTURAL PURPOSES.
DE2360305B2 (en) * 1973-12-04 1977-03-24 Marcus, Joachim, 2100 Hamburg SOLAR HEAT STORAGE ELEMENT FOR BUILDINGS
GB1495951A (en) * 1974-01-03 1977-12-21 Michaelis M Wall structure

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0665343A1 (en) * 1994-01-28 1995-08-02 Dow Corning Hansil Limited Improved buildings blocks
EP1624741A3 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-11-05 Sony Corporation Electromagnetism suppressing material, electromagnetism suppressing device, and electronic appliance
US7959821B2 (en) 2004-08-02 2011-06-14 Sony Corporation Electromagnetism suppressing material, electromagnetism suppressing device, and electronic appliance
ES2322219A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2009-06-17 Miguel Angel Abellan Ovide Procedure for handling glass paves (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0095692B1 (en) 1985-10-16
DE3361025D1 (en) 1985-11-21
DE3219863A1 (en) 1983-12-01
ATE16124T1 (en) 1985-11-15

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