EP0094590A2 - Plant in which a refrigerant is circulated - Google Patents

Plant in which a refrigerant is circulated Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0094590A2
EP0094590A2 EP83104570A EP83104570A EP0094590A2 EP 0094590 A2 EP0094590 A2 EP 0094590A2 EP 83104570 A EP83104570 A EP 83104570A EP 83104570 A EP83104570 A EP 83104570A EP 0094590 A2 EP0094590 A2 EP 0094590A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction
collecting container
oil
suction collecting
gas line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83104570A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0094590A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Hopp
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Möller
Walter Parzefall
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Weidenbach
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0094590A2 publication Critical patent/EP0094590A2/en
Publication of EP0094590A3 publication Critical patent/EP0094590A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system in which a refrigerant is circulated with one or more compressors connected to a suction collecting container.
  • the circulated refrigerant is compressed in several compressors.
  • the suction collecting container - previously usually a suction collecting pipe - has the task of taking up the refrigerant suction gas conveyed via individual lines or via a ring line, distributing it evenly to the individual compressors of the combined system and preventing liquid refrigerant from reaching the compressors. Since liquid refrigerant was only incompletely separated in the known suction collecting containers, it was common to install additional liquid separators on the suction side of the compressors.
  • an oil separator is therefore arranged in the pressure line, in which the oil carried by the gaseous refrigerant is separated.
  • the oil collecting in the separator is returned to the compressor either by a manually operated device or by an automatically operating device via an oil return line.
  • Liquid separators and oil separators cause pressure losses and thus energy losses. Oil regulation systems are also complex, expensive and prone to failure.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a system of the type described at the outset which operates with minimal pressure losses and which ensures both reliable liquid separation and an adequate oil supply to the compressors.
  • each of the compressors is connected to the suction collecting container via a suction gas line passing through the suction collecting container wall, the end of the suction gas line lying inside the suction collecting container being designed as a bend, which is arranged in a substantially vertical plane, the open end of which opens into the head space of the suction collecting container, which is arranged at a distance from the suction collecting container wall and in the deepest area of which an oil-conveying device conveying oil in a controllable amount from the bottom region of the suction collecting container is arranged into the suction gas line.
  • the refrigerant vapor in which oil is carried, is drawn in by the compressors via a suction collecting container.
  • the refrigerant vapor and the oil are separated by Ab in the suction collector divorce.
  • the oil collects in an oil reservoir at the bottom of the suction container.
  • the refrigerant vapor freed from the oil is removed from the top area of the suction collecting container via one or more elbows opening there.
  • Each manifold is connected to a compressor via a suction gas line passing through the suction collecting container wall.
  • the respective elbow is arranged within the suction collecting container so that it is immersed with its deepest part in the oil reservoir.
  • the suction collecting container according to the invention not only ensures complete liquid separation, but also a uniform and sufficient oil supply to each compressor.
  • the pressure loss on the suction side of the compressors is minimal in a system according to the invention, in particular during part-load operation. Since the refrigerant circuit system does not contain an oil separator on the pressure side of the compressor, the same applies to the pressure-side pressure loss.
  • an injector In a preferred embodiment serves as ölturivor - direction, an injector.
  • An injector does not stand out only due to low susceptibility to faults, but also enables oil delivery that automatically adapts to the compressor output: If, for example, a higher output is required in a compression refrigeration system, the speed of the refrigerant in the suction gas line and thus the amount of oil pumped will increase due to the higher refrigerant throughput required. In this way, each compressor is supplied with an amount of oil corresponding to its higher oil throw via the suction gas line.
  • Another possibility for regulating the oil flow to the refrigerant vapor is offered by an advantageous embodiment of the inventive concept: this is characterized by a bend with an opening in the deepest area, as well as a closed position in a housing that can be adjusted from outside the suction collecting container and in the closed position at the opening edge adjoining, regulating the flow through the opening, the housing having a suction opening opening into the interior of the suction collecting container.
  • the flow area determined by the opening in the elbow and the position of the set screw can be adjusted from outside the suction collecting container via the adjusting screw and the oil flow can thus be regulated.
  • the amount of oil delivered is adjusted in this way to the oil throw of the associated compressor and can be readjusted if necessary.
  • the suction opening in the housing is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the suction collecting container.
  • the flow rate is controlled electronically by the oil delivery device as a function of the oil level in the crankcase of the associated compressor.
  • the system according to the invention eliminates the need for complex, expensive and susceptible oil regulating systems and eliminates the risk of liquid spills to the compressors, with additional liquid separators being saved.
  • the commissioning and maintenance of systems according to the invention is facilitated in comparison to conventional systems.
  • composite systems constructed according to the invention become more economical.
  • the device according to the invention can be used, for example, in all refrigeration systems, heat pumps or chillers.
  • the suction collecting container 1 shows a cross section through a suction collecting container 1 according to the invention.
  • the suction collecting container 1 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the wall of the suction collecting container 1 is also penetrated by a suction gas line 3 in the horizontal direction and by the housing 8 of an oil regulating valve 4 in the vertical direction.
  • the end of the suction gas line 3 within the suction collecting container 1 is designed as a 90 ° elbow 5, so that the open end 6 of the suction gas line 3 opens in the vertical direction in the head region of the suction collecting container.
  • the manifold 5 has an opening 7.
  • a connection is established between the suction gas line 3 and the bottom region of the suction collecting container 1.
  • the suction opening 9 is at a distance of e.g. 1 mm from the bottom of the suction container 1 arranged.
  • An oil regulating screw 10 is guided within the housing 8, the tip of which is conical and closes the opening 7 in the closed position.
  • the flow through opening 7 is controlled by the position of the regulating screw 10 and the opening 7.
  • the housing 8 can e.g. screwed into the wall of the suction collecting container and locked with a lock nut 11.
  • An alternative for the arrangement of the suction gas line 3 is shown in dashed lines. In this case, the suction gas line 3 passes through the wall of the suction collecting container 1 in the vertical direction and the elbow 5 is a 180 ° elbow.
  • refrigerant vapor is carried in the oil is sucked in by a compressor connected to the suction gas line 3.
  • the refrigerant vapor / oil mixture enters port 1 into port 1.
  • the oil is separated in the suction collecting container (for example by means of a baffle plate, not shown) and collects in the bottom area of the suction collecting container 1. Only the refrigerant vapor enters the elbow 5 of the suction gas line 3 via the open end 6 of the suction gas line 3 in the upper part of the suction collecting container 1.
  • the refrigerant vapor flows through the manifold 5 and sucks in oil from the oil reservoir 12 through the opening 7.
  • the amount of oil sucked in can be adjusted in a wide range by means of regulating screw 10.
  • the oil is fed to the respective compressor together with the sucked-in refrigerant vapor.
  • all of the oil thrown by the compressors 13 to 16 is separated in the suction collecting container 1, collected and fed to each compressor evenly and in an amount corresponding to its oil throw with the suction gas.
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a suction collecting container 1 according to the invention in the context of a refrigeration system.
  • Four compressors 13 to 16 are connected to the suction collecting container 1 via suction gas lines 17 to 20.
  • Compressed refrigerant vapor is introduced via lines 21 to 24 with check valves into a pressure manifold 25.
  • the compressed refrigerant vapor is then liquefied in a condenser 26.
  • Devices are not shown in which the refrigerant is expanded and evaporated.
  • Evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the suction collecting container 1 via a line 27 with a shut-off valve 28 and, for example, two dryers 29, in which moisture and dirt are filtered.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a suction collecting container according to the invention. Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the suction collecting container shown is used to be able to supply four compressors with oil or refrigerant vapor. For this purpose serve four suction gas lines 33 to 36, of which the suction gas lines 34 and 35 penetrate the wall of the suction collecting container from the front and the suction gas lines 33 and 36 this wall from the rear, so that the open ends of the associated manifolds 38, 39 or 37 and 40 each other in the upper part of the suction collecting container.
  • the regulating devices 41 to 44 serve to regulate the oil flow to the individual compressors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The plant has one or more compressors connected to a suction collecting tank. For a plant which works with minimal pressure losses and which guarantees both a reliable liquid separation and a sufficient oil supply of the compressors, it is indicated according to the invention that each compressor is connected to the suction collecting tank via a suction gas line which passes through the wall of the suction collecting tank. In this connection, the end of the suction gas line which is situated inside the suction collecting tank is designed as a bend which is arranged in an essentially vertical plane. The open end of the bend opens into the head space of the suction collecting tank, the bend being arranged at a distance from the suction collecting tank wall and and oil-supply device being arranged in its lowest-lying region, which supplies oil in a controllable quantity from the bottom region of the suction collecting tank into the suction gas line (Figure 1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage, in der ein Kältemittel im Kreislauf geführt wird, mit einem oder mehreren an einen Saugsammelbehälter angeschlossenen Verdichter(n).The invention relates to a system in which a refrigerant is circulated with one or more compressors connected to a suction collecting container.

In Anlagen wie Verbundwärmepumpen oder Verbundkälteanlagen wird das im Kreislauf geführte Kältemittel in mehreren Verdichtern komprimiert. Der Saugsammelbehälter - bisher üblicherweise ein Saugsammelrohr - hat die Aufgabe, das über Einzelleitungen oder über eine Ringleitung geförderte Kältemittelsauggas aufzunehmen, gleichmäßig an die einzelnen Verdichter der Verbundanlage zu verteilen und zu verhindern, daß flüssiges Kältemittel zu den Verdichtern gelangt. Da flüssiges Kältemittel in den bekannten Saugsammelbehältern nur unvollkommen abgeschieden wurde, war es üblich, auf der Saugseite der Verdichter zusätzlich Flüssigkeitsabscheider einzubauen.In systems such as composite heat pumps or composite refrigeration systems, the circulated refrigerant is compressed in several compressors. The suction collecting container - previously usually a suction collecting pipe - has the task of taking up the refrigerant suction gas conveyed via individual lines or via a ring line, distributing it evenly to the individual compressors of the combined system and preventing liquid refrigerant from reaching the compressors. Since liquid refrigerant was only incompletely separated in the known suction collecting containers, it was common to install additional liquid separators on the suction side of the compressors.

Außerdem wird bei der Verdichtung von Kältemittel immer ein Teil des zur Schmierung der beweglichen Verdichterbauteile dienenden Öls vom gasförmigen, verdichteten Kältemittel mitgerissen. Auf diese Weise gelangt mit dem gasförmigen Kältemittel auch öl in die Druckleitung. In der Regel wird daher in der Druckleitung ein ölabscheider angeordnet, in dem das vom gasförmigen Kältemittel mitgetragene öl abgeschieden wird. Das sich im Abscheider sammelnde öl wird entweder von einer manuell zu bedienenden oder von einer automatisch arbeitenden Vorrichtung über eine ölrückführleitung wieder in den Verdichter zurückgeführt.In addition, when compressing refrigerant, part of the oil used to lubricate the moving compressor components is always carried away by the gaseous, compressed refrigerant. In this way, the gaseous oil into the pressure line. As a rule, an oil separator is therefore arranged in the pressure line, in which the oil carried by the gaseous refrigerant is separated. The oil collecting in the separator is returned to the compressor either by a manually operated device or by an automatically operating device via an oil return line.

Flüssigkeitsabscheider und ölabscheider verursachen aber Druckverluste und damit Energieverluste. ölreguliersysteme sind zudem aufwendig, teuer und störungsanfällig.Liquid separators and oil separators cause pressure losses and thus energy losses. Oil regulation systems are also complex, expensive and prone to failure.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage der eingangs geschilderten Art anzugeben, die mit minimalen Druckverlusten arbeitet und die sowohl eine sichere Flüssigkeitsabscheidung als auch eine ausreichende ölversorgung der Verdichter gewährleistet.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a system of the type described at the outset which operates with minimal pressure losses and which ensures both reliable liquid separation and an adequate oil supply to the compressors.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß jeder der Verdichter über eine die Saugsammelbehälterwand durchsetzende Sauggasleitung an den Saugsammelbehälter angeschlossen ist, wobei das innerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters liegende Ende der Sauggasleitung als Krümmer ausgebildet ist, der in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet ist, dessen offenes Ende in den Kopfraum des Saugsammelbehälters mündet, der mit Abstand zur Saugsammelbehälterwand angeordnet ist und in dessen am tiefsten liegenden Bereich eine öl in regelbarer Menge aus dem Bodenbereich des Saugsammelbehälters in die Sauggasleitung fördernde Ölfördervorrichtung angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that each of the compressors is connected to the suction collecting container via a suction gas line passing through the suction collecting container wall, the end of the suction gas line lying inside the suction collecting container being designed as a bend, which is arranged in a substantially vertical plane, the open end of which opens into the head space of the suction collecting container, which is arranged at a distance from the suction collecting container wall and in the deepest area of which an oil-conveying device conveying oil in a controllable amount from the bottom region of the suction collecting container is arranged into the suction gas line.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage wird der Kältemitteldampf, in dem öl mitgetragen wird, von den Verdichtern über einen Saugsammelbehälter angesaugt. Im Saugsammelbehälter erfolgt eine Trennung des Kältemitteldampfes und des Öls durch Abscheiden. Das öl sammelt sich in einer ölvorlage am Boden des Saugsammelbehälters. Der vom öl befreite Kältemitteldampf hingegen wird aus dem Kopfbereich des Saugsammelbehälters über einen bzw. mehrere dort mündende(n) Krümmer entnommen. Jeder Krümmer ist über eine die Saugsammelbehälterwand durchsetzende Sauggasleitung an einen Verdichter angeschlossen. Der jeweilige Krümmer ist innerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters so angeordnet, daß er mit seinem am tiefsten liegenden Teil in die ölvorlage eintaucht. Über die erfindungsgemäße Ölfördervorrichtung wird öl aus der ölvorlage angesaugt und dem im Krümmer strömenden Kältemitteldampf in einer von außerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters einstellbaren Menge zugemischt.In the system according to the invention, the refrigerant vapor, in which oil is carried, is drawn in by the compressors via a suction collecting container. The refrigerant vapor and the oil are separated by Ab in the suction collector divorce. The oil collects in an oil reservoir at the bottom of the suction container. On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor freed from the oil is removed from the top area of the suction collecting container via one or more elbows opening there. Each manifold is connected to a compressor via a suction gas line passing through the suction collecting container wall. The respective elbow is arranged within the suction collecting container so that it is immersed with its deepest part in the oil reservoir. Via the oil delivery device according to the invention, oil is sucked out of the oil reservoir and mixed with the refrigerant vapor flowing in the manifold in an amount that can be adjusted from outside the suction collecting container.

Ohne die Verwendung eines ölabscheiders, eines ölsammlers, eines ölspiegelregulators oder einer öl- bzw. Gasausgleichsleitung gewährleistet der erfindungsgemäße Saugsammelbehälter nicht nur eine vollständige Flüssigkeitsabscheidung, sondern auch eine gleichmäßige und ausreichende Ölversorgung jedes Verdichters.Without the use of an oil separator, an oil collector, an oil level regulator or an oil or gas compensation line, the suction collecting container according to the invention not only ensures complete liquid separation, but also a uniform and sufficient oil supply to each compressor.

Der Druckverlust auf der Saugseite der Verdichter ist bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage - insbesondere bei Teillastbetrieb - minimal. Da das Kältemittelkreislaufsystem auf der Druckseite der Verdichter keinen ölabscheider enthält, gilt gleiches auch für den druckseitigen Druckverlust.The pressure loss on the suction side of the compressors is minimal in a system according to the invention, in particular during part-load operation. Since the refrigerant circuit system does not contain an oil separator on the pressure side of the compressor, the same applies to the pressure-side pressure loss.

Es ist festgestellt worden, daß durch die erfindungsgemäße Anlage eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Kältemittels erfolgt. Von Vorteil ist zudem, daß zu hohe öltemperaturen, die in bisherigen Anlagen durch ölkurzschluß in ölabscheidern auftreten konnten, sicher vermieden werden.It has been found that the system according to the invention results in a uniform distribution of the refrigerant. Another advantage is that excessively high oil temperatures, which could have occurred in previous systems due to oil short-circuit in oil separators, can be reliably avoided.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung dient als ölfördervor- richtung ein Injektor. Ein Injektor zeichnet sich nicht nur durch geringe Störanfälligkeit aus, sondern ermöglicht zudem eine an die Verdichterleistung sich automatisch anpassende ölförderung: Ist beispielsweise in einer Kompressionskälteanlage eine höhere Leistung erforderlich, so wird aufgrund des dann notwendigen höheren Kältemitteldurchsatzes die Geschwindigkeit des Kältemittels in der Sauggasleitung und damit die geförderte ölmenge ansteigen. Auf diese Weise wird jedem Verdichter eine seinem höheren ölwurf entsprechende ölmenge über die Sauggasleitung zugeführt.In a preferred embodiment serves as ölfördervor - direction, an injector. An injector does not stand out only due to low susceptibility to faults, but also enables oil delivery that automatically adapts to the compressor output: If, for example, a higher output is required in a compression refrigeration system, the speed of the refrigerant in the suction gas line and thus the amount of oil pumped will increase due to the higher refrigerant throughput required. In this way, each compressor is supplied with an amount of oil corresponding to its higher oil throw via the suction gas line.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit, den ölzufluß zum Kältemitteldampf zu regulieren, bietet eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgedankens: Diese ist gekennzeichnet durch einen Krümmer mit einer öffnung in dem am tiefsten liegenden Bereich, sowie durch eine in einem Gehäuse geführte, von außerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters einstellbare, in Schließstellung am öffnungsrand anliegende, den Durchfluß durch die Öffnung regulierende Stellschraube, wobei das Gehäuse eine in den Saugsammelbehälterinnenraum mündende Ansaugöffnung besitzt. über die Stellschraube kann von außerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters die von der Öffnung im Krümmer sowie die Position der Stellschraube bestimmte Durchflußfläche eingestellt und so der ölfluß reguliert werden. Die geförderte ölmenge wird auf diese Weise dem Ölwurf des zugehörigen Verdichters entsprechend eingestellt und kann bei Bedarf jederzeit nachreguliert werden.Another possibility for regulating the oil flow to the refrigerant vapor is offered by an advantageous embodiment of the inventive concept: this is characterized by a bend with an opening in the deepest area, as well as a closed position in a housing that can be adjusted from outside the suction collecting container and in the closed position at the opening edge adjoining, regulating the flow through the opening, the housing having a suction opening opening into the interior of the suction collecting container. The flow area determined by the opening in the elbow and the position of the set screw can be adjusted from outside the suction collecting container via the adjusting screw and the oil flow can thus be regulated. The amount of oil delivered is adjusted in this way to the oil throw of the associated compressor and can be readjusted if necessary.

Da in der Anlage der eingangs geschilderten Art stets mit Schmutzanfall gerechnet werden muß, hat es sich in einer Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgedankens als zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn die Ansaugöffnung im Gehäuse mit Abstand zum Boden des Saugsammelbehälters angeordnet ist.Since dirt accumulation must always be expected in the system of the type described at the outset, it has proven to be expedient in one embodiment of the inventive concept if the suction opening in the housing is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the suction collecting container.

Es gibt verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die den Saugsammelbehälter mit jeweils einem Verdichter verbindende Saug- gasleitung durch die Wand des Saugsammelbehälters zu führen. Erfindungsgemäß werden die beiden folgenden Anordnungen bevorzugt: Entweder durchsetzt die Sauggasleitung die Saugsammelbehälterwand in horizontaler Richtung, wobei der Krümmer ein 90°-Krümmer ist, oder die Sauggasleitung durchsetzt die Saugsammelbehälterwand in vertikaler Richtung, wobei der Krümmer ein 180°-Krümmer ist.There are various ways of connecting the suction collecting container with a compressor each . lead the gas line through the wall of the suction collecting container. According to the invention, the following two arrangements are preferred: Either the suction gas line passes through the suction manifold wall in the horizontal direction, the elbow being a 90 ° elbow, or the suction gas line passes through the suction manifold wall in the vertical direction, the elbow being a 180 ° elbow.

In einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgedankens wird die Durchflußmenge durch die ölfördervorrichtung elektronisch in Abhängigkeit vom ölstand im Kurbelgehäuse des zugehörigen Verdichters gesteuert.In a further development of the inventive concept, the flow rate is controlled electronically by the oil delivery device as a function of the oil level in the crankcase of the associated compressor.

Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, daß durch die erfindungsgemäße Anlage, aufwendige, teure und anfällige ölreguliersysteme überflüssig und Flüssigkeitsschläge an die Verdichter ausgeschlossen sind, wobei zusätzlich Flüssigkeitsabscheider eingespart werden können. Die Inbetriebnahme und Wartung erfindungsgemäßer Anlagen wird im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Anlagen erleichtert. Durch die Verringerung der saugseitigen und druckseitigen Druckverluste werden erfindungsgemäß aufgebaute Verbundanlagen wirtschaftlicher. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann beispielsweise bei allen Kälteanlagen, Wärmepumpen oder Kaltwassersätzen Anwendung finden.In summary, it can be stated that the system according to the invention eliminates the need for complex, expensive and susceptible oil regulating systems and eliminates the risk of liquid spills to the compressors, with additional liquid separators being saved. The commissioning and maintenance of systems according to the invention is facilitated in comparison to conventional systems. By reducing the suction-side and pressure-side pressure losses, composite systems constructed according to the invention become more economical. The device according to the invention can be used, for example, in all refrigeration systems, heat pumps or chillers.

Im folgenden sollen Ausführungsbeispiele einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage anhand schematischer Skizzen beschrieben werden:

  • Es zeigen:
    • Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Saugsammelbehälter
    • Figur 2 einen Ausschnitt aus einem Schema einer Kompressionskälteanlage in der ein erfindungsgemäßer Saugsammelbehälter integriert ist.
    • Figur 3 einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Saugsammelbehälter.
Exemplary embodiments of a system according to the invention are described below using schematic sketches:
  • Show it:
    • 1 shows a cross section through a suction collecting container according to the invention
    • Figure 2 shows a section of a diagram of a compression refrigeration system in which an inventive Suction collector is integrated.
    • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a suction collecting container according to the invention.

In Figur 1 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Saugsammelbehälter 1 dargestellt. Der Saugsammelbehälter 1 besitzt zylindrische Form. In den Saugsammelbehälter 1 mündet ein Anschluß 2 für eine Ringleitung, aus der gasförmiges Kältemittel angesaugt wird. Die Wand des Saugsammelbehälters 1 wird außerdem von einer Sauggasleitung 3 in horizontaler Richtung und von dem Gehäuse 8 eines ölregulierventils 4 in vertikaler Richtung durchsetzt. Das Ende der Sauggasleitung 3 innerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters 1 ist als 90°-Krümmer 5 ausgebildet, so daß das offene Ende 6 der Sauggasleitung 3 in vertikaler Richtung im Kopfbereich des Saugsammelbehälters mündet. Am tiefsten Punkt weist der Krümmer 5 eine Öffnung 7 auf. über diese öffnung 7, das Gehäuse 8 des ölregulierventils 4 sowie eine Ansaugöffnung 9 im Gehäuse 8 ist eine Verbindung zwischen der Sauggasleitung 3 und dem Bodenbereich des Saugsammelbehälters 1 hergestellt. Die Ansaugöffnung 9 ist mit einem Abstand von z.B. 1 mm vom Boden des Saugsammelbehälters 1 angeordnet. Innerhalb des Gehäuses 8 wird eine ölregulierschraube 10 geführt, deren Spitze kegelförmig ausgebildet ist und-in Schließstellung öffnung 7 verschließt. Durch die Stellung der Regulierschraube 10 und die öffnung 7 wird der Durchfluß durch Öffnung 7 gesteuert. Das Gehäuse 8 kann z.B. in die Wand des Saugsammelbehälters eingeschraubt und mittels Kontermutter 11 arretiert werden. Gestrichelt ist eine Alternative für die Anordnung der Sauggasleitung 3 dargestellt. In diesem Fall durchsetzt die Sauggasleitung 3 die Wand des Saugsammelbehälters 1 in vertikaler Richtung und der Krümmer 5 ist ein 180°-Krümmer.1 shows a cross section through a suction collecting container 1 according to the invention. The suction collecting container 1 has a cylindrical shape. A connection 2 for a ring line, from which gaseous refrigerant is drawn, opens into the suction collecting container 1. The wall of the suction collecting container 1 is also penetrated by a suction gas line 3 in the horizontal direction and by the housing 8 of an oil regulating valve 4 in the vertical direction. The end of the suction gas line 3 within the suction collecting container 1 is designed as a 90 ° elbow 5, so that the open end 6 of the suction gas line 3 opens in the vertical direction in the head region of the suction collecting container. At the lowest point, the manifold 5 has an opening 7. Via this opening 7, the housing 8 of the oil regulating valve 4 and a suction opening 9 in the housing 8, a connection is established between the suction gas line 3 and the bottom region of the suction collecting container 1. The suction opening 9 is at a distance of e.g. 1 mm from the bottom of the suction container 1 arranged. An oil regulating screw 10 is guided within the housing 8, the tip of which is conical and closes the opening 7 in the closed position. The flow through opening 7 is controlled by the position of the regulating screw 10 and the opening 7. The housing 8 can e.g. screwed into the wall of the suction collecting container and locked with a lock nut 11. An alternative for the arrangement of the suction gas line 3 is shown in dashed lines. In this case, the suction gas line 3 passes through the wall of the suction collecting container 1 in the vertical direction and the elbow 5 is a 180 ° elbow.

Im Betrieb wird Kältemitteldampf, in dem öl mitgetragen wird, von einem an die Sauggasleitung 3 angeschlossenen Verdichter angesaugt. Das Kältemitteldampf-ölgemisch tritt über den Anschluß 2 in den Saugsammelbehälter 1 ein. Das öl wird im Saugsammelbehälter abgeschieden (beispielsweise mittels eines nicht dargestellten Prallbleches) und sammelt sich im Bodenbereich des Saugsammelbehälters 1. Über das offene Ende 6 der Sauggasleitung 3 im Oberteil des Saugsammelbehälters 1 tritt nur Kältemitteldampf in den Krümmer 5 der Sauggasleitung 3 ein. Der Kältemitteldampf durchströmt den Krümmer 5 und saugt dabei über öffnung 7 öl aus der ölvorlage 12 an. Die angesaugte ölmenge kann mittels Regulierschraube 10 in einem weiten Bereich eingestellt werden. Durch die Injektorwirkung wird das Öl zusammen mit dem angesaugten Kältemitteldampf dem jeweiligen Verdichter zugeführt. Das gesamte von den Verdichtern 13 bis 16 geworfene öl wird auf diese Weise im Saugsammelbehälter 1 abgeschieden, gesammelt und jedem Verdichter gleichmäßig und in einer seinem ölwurf entsprechenden Menge mit dem Sauggas zugeführt.In operation, refrigerant vapor is carried in the oil is sucked in by a compressor connected to the suction gas line 3. The refrigerant vapor / oil mixture enters port 1 into port 1. The oil is separated in the suction collecting container (for example by means of a baffle plate, not shown) and collects in the bottom area of the suction collecting container 1. Only the refrigerant vapor enters the elbow 5 of the suction gas line 3 via the open end 6 of the suction gas line 3 in the upper part of the suction collecting container 1. The refrigerant vapor flows through the manifold 5 and sucks in oil from the oil reservoir 12 through the opening 7. The amount of oil sucked in can be adjusted in a wide range by means of regulating screw 10. Due to the injector effect, the oil is fed to the respective compressor together with the sucked-in refrigerant vapor. In this way, all of the oil thrown by the compressors 13 to 16 is separated in the suction collecting container 1, collected and fed to each compressor evenly and in an amount corresponding to its oil throw with the suction gas.

In Figur 2 ist die Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Saugsammelbehälters 1 im Rahmen einer Kälteanlage dargestellt. Vier Verdichter 13 bis 16 sind über Sauggasleitungen 17 bis 20 an den Saugsammelbehälter 1 angeschlossen. Verdichteter Kältemitteldampf wird über Leitungen 21 bis 24 mit Rückschlagventilen in ein Drucksammelrohr 25 eingeleitet. Der verdichtete Kältemitteldampf wird anschließend in einem Verflüssiger 26 verflüssigt. Nicht dargestellt sind Vorrichtungen, in denen das Kältemittel entspannt und verdampft wird. Verdampftes Kältemittel wird über eine Leitung 27 mit Absperrventil 28 und z.B. zwei Trocknern 29, in denen Feuchtigkeit und Schmutz gefiltert werden, in den Saugsammelbehälter 1 gesaugt. Dort findet die oben beschriebene Abscheidung des Öls aus dem Kältemitteldampf sowie die Zu-. gabe einer dem ölwurf des jeweiligen Verdichters 13 bis 16 entsprechenden ölmenge in die Sauggasleitungen 17 bis 20 statt. Zwei mit dem Behälteroberteil und -unterteil verbundene Meßeinrichtungen 29, 30 dienen dazu, den ölstand im Saugsammelbehälter 1 während der Inbetriebnahmephase zu . überwachen.FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a suction collecting container 1 according to the invention in the context of a refrigeration system. Four compressors 13 to 16 are connected to the suction collecting container 1 via suction gas lines 17 to 20. Compressed refrigerant vapor is introduced via lines 21 to 24 with check valves into a pressure manifold 25. The compressed refrigerant vapor is then liquefied in a condenser 26. Devices are not shown in which the refrigerant is expanded and evaporated. Evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the suction collecting container 1 via a line 27 with a shut-off valve 28 and, for example, two dryers 29, in which moisture and dirt are filtered. There is the separation of the oil from the refrigerant vapor as described above, as well as the additives. gave one to the oil throw of the respective compressor 13 to 16 corresponding amount of oil in the suction gas lines 17 to 20 instead. Two measuring devices 29, 30 connected to the upper and lower part of the container serve to measure the oil level in the suction collecting container 1 during the commissioning phase . monitor.

In Figur 3 ist ein Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Saugsammelbehälter dargestellt. Einander entsprechende Teile sind mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. Der dargestellte Saugsammelbehälter dient dazu, vier Verdichtern öl- bzw. Kältemitteldampf zuführen zu können. Hierzu dienen vier Sauggasleitungen 33 bis 36, von denen die Sauggasleitungen 34 und 35 die Wand des Saugsammelbehälters von vorne und die Sauggasleitungen 33 und 36 diese Wand von hinten durchsetzen, so daß die offenen Enden der zugehörigen Krümmer 38, 39 bzw. 37 und 40 einander im Oberteil des Saugsammelbehälters gegenüberliegen. Zur Regulierung des ölflusses zu den einzelnen Verdichtern dienen die Reguliereinrichtungen 41 bis 44.FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a suction collecting container according to the invention. Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals. The suction collecting container shown is used to be able to supply four compressors with oil or refrigerant vapor. For this purpose serve four suction gas lines 33 to 36, of which the suction gas lines 34 and 35 penetrate the wall of the suction collecting container from the front and the suction gas lines 33 and 36 this wall from the rear, so that the open ends of the associated manifolds 38, 39 or 37 and 40 each other in the upper part of the suction collecting container. The regulating devices 41 to 44 serve to regulate the oil flow to the individual compressors.

Claims (7)

1. Anlage, in der ein Kältemittel im Kreislauf geführt wird, mit einem oder mehreren an einen Saugsammelbehälter angeschlossenen Verdichter(n), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Verdichter (13 bis 16) über eine die Saugsammelbehälterwand durchsetzende Sauggasleitung (3) an den Saugsammelbehälter (1) angeschlossen ist, wobei das innerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters (1) liegende Ende der Sauggasleitung (3) als Krümmer (5) ausgebildet ist, der in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet ist, dessen offenes Ende (6) in den Kopfraum des Saugsammelbehälters (1) mündet, der mit Abstand zur Saugsammelbehälterwand angeordnet ist und in dessen am tiefsten liegenden Bereich eine Öl in regelbarer Menge aus dem Bodenbereich des Saugsammelbehälters (1) in die Sauggasleitung (3) fördernde ölfördervorrichtung (4) angeordnet ist.1. System in which a refrigerant is circulated with one or more compressors connected to a suction collecting container, characterized in that each compressor (13 to 16) via a suction gas line (3) passing through the suction collecting container wall to the suction collecting container ( 1) is connected, the end of the suction gas line (3) lying inside the suction collecting container (1) being designed as a bend (5) which is arranged in a substantially vertical plane, the open end (6) of which is in the head space of the suction collecting container ( 1) opens, which is arranged at a distance from the suction collecting container wall and in the deepest area of which an oil in a controllable amount from the bottom region of the suction collecting container (1) is arranged into the suction gas line (3) conveying oil delivery device (4). 2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ölfördervorrichtung ein Injektor ist.2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil delivery device is an injector. 3. Anlage nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen Krümmer (5) mit einer öffnung (7) in dem am tiefsten liegen- den Bereich, sowie eine in einem Gehäuse (8) geführte, von außerhalb des Saugsammelbehälters (1) einstellbare, in Schließstellung am öffnungsrand anliegende, den Durchfluß durch die öffnung (7) regulierende Stellschraube (10), wobei das Gehäuse (8) eine in den Saugsammelbehälterinnenraum mündende Ansaugöffnung (9) besitzt.3. System according to claim 2, characterized by a manifold (5) with an opening (7) in the deepest- the area, as well as a set screw (10) guided in a housing (8), adjustable from outside the suction collecting container (1), in the closed position at the opening edge, regulating the flow through the opening (7), the housing (8) being a the suction opening (9) opening into the interior of the suction container. 4. Anlage nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansaugöffnung (9) im Gehäuse (8) mit Abstand zum Boden des Saugsammelbehälters (1) angeordnet ist.4. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that the suction opening (9) in the housing (8) is arranged at a distance from the bottom of the suction collecting container (1). 5. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauggasleitung (3) die Saugsammelbehälterwand in horizontaler Richtung durchsetzt und der Krümmer (5) ein 90°-Krümmer ist.5. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction gas line (3) passes through the suction collecting container wall in the horizontal direction and the elbow (5) is a 90 ° elbow. 6. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sauggasleitung (3) die Saugsammelbehälterwand in vertikaler Richtung durchsetzt und der Krümmer (5) ein 18Q°-Krümmer ist.6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction gas line (3) passes through the suction collecting container wall in the vertical direction and the elbow (5) is an 18Q ° elbow. 7. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchflußmenge durch die ölfördervorrichtung (4) elektronisch in Abhängigkeit vom ölstand im Kurbelgehäuse des zugehörigen Verdichters (13 bis 16) gesteuert wird.7. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the flow rate through the oil delivery device (4) is controlled electronically as a function of the oil level in the crankcase of the associated compressor (13 to 16).
EP83104570A 1982-05-19 1983-05-10 Plant in which a refrigerant is circulated Withdrawn EP0094590A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823219023 DE3219023A1 (en) 1982-05-19 1982-05-19 PLANT IN WHICH A REFRIGERANT IS CIRCLED
DE3219023 1982-05-19

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EP0094590A2 true EP0094590A2 (en) 1983-11-23
EP0094590A3 EP0094590A3 (en) 1984-10-24

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NO (1) NO831563L (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0260336A1 (en) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-23 TEKO Gesellschaft für Kältetechnik GmbH Liquid separator for a set of air or water cooled refrigeration machines for permanent oil return
NL9401931A (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-07-01 Euro Cold B V System for circulating compressed gas and liquid separator to be used therewith
US5906112A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-05-25 Ford Motor Company Accumulator for an air conditioning system
EP0843093A3 (en) * 1996-11-19 1999-12-15 Carrier Corporation Oil diffuser for a compressor
EP1139038A1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Refrigeration plant
WO2003059038A2 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-24 Tm.C. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Compressori Compact separator unit for gas-liquid mixturs, especially mixtures of air and oil
CN106225353A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-12-14 常州利普金属制品有限公司 Universal type reservoir

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4554795A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-11-26 Tyler Refrigeration Corporation Compressor oil return system for refrigeration apparatus and method

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CH146359A (en) * 1930-05-05 1931-04-15 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Device for the return of lubricant from the separators of a refrigeration system with a compression machine into the suction chamber of the latter.
US1896061A (en) * 1930-07-07 1933-02-07 Mullins Mfg Corp Apparatus for recovering and controlling the flow of oil in refrigerating systems
DE569349C (en) * 1931-08-17 1933-02-01 Sulzer Akt Ges Geb Device for returning oil from the evaporator to the compressor of refrigeration machines by means of an injector operated by the refrigerant
DE630311C (en) * 1935-02-08 1936-05-25 G H Walb & Co Control device for oil return from flooded evaporators for refrigeration systems
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US4291548A (en) * 1980-07-07 1981-09-29 General Motors Corporation Liquid accumulator

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0260336A1 (en) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-23 TEKO Gesellschaft für Kältetechnik GmbH Liquid separator for a set of air or water cooled refrigeration machines for permanent oil return
NL9401931A (en) * 1994-11-18 1996-07-01 Euro Cold B V System for circulating compressed gas and liquid separator to be used therewith
EP0843093A3 (en) * 1996-11-19 1999-12-15 Carrier Corporation Oil diffuser for a compressor
US5906112A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-05-25 Ford Motor Company Accumulator for an air conditioning system
EP1139038A1 (en) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Refrigeration plant
WO2003059038A2 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-07-24 Tm.C. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Compressori Compact separator unit for gas-liquid mixturs, especially mixtures of air and oil
WO2003059038A3 (en) * 2002-01-18 2003-10-23 Tm C S P A Termomeccanica Comp Compact separator unit for gas-liquid mixturs, especially mixtures of air and oil
CN106225353A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-12-14 常州利普金属制品有限公司 Universal type reservoir

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0094590A3 (en) 1984-10-24
DE3219023A1 (en) 1983-11-24
NO831563L (en) 1983-11-21

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