EP0085145B1 - Broad-beam axially symmetric street lamp - Google Patents

Broad-beam axially symmetric street lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085145B1
EP0085145B1 EP82110218A EP82110218A EP0085145B1 EP 0085145 B1 EP0085145 B1 EP 0085145B1 EP 82110218 A EP82110218 A EP 82110218A EP 82110218 A EP82110218 A EP 82110218A EP 0085145 B1 EP0085145 B1 EP 0085145B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
lamp
axis
reflector
symmetry
outer diameter
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Expired
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EP82110218A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0085145A1 (en
Inventor
Reiner Dr.-Ing. Pusch
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to AT82110218T priority Critical patent/ATE13714T1/en
Publication of EP0085145A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085145A1/en
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Publication of EP0085145B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085145B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
    • F21S8/086—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/06—Optical design with parabolic curvature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wide-angle, rotationally symmetrical street lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the known outdoor lamp so that good broad radiation can be achieved with the highest possible efficiency and fulfillment of the conditions of a partial shielding, and under the aggravating condition that a relatively small value is specified for the maximum outer diameter of the reflectors is.
  • the latter requirement is in fact often present in the case of outdoor lights with a small mounting height, such as are used for residential streets and pedestrian areas, the reflector very often being housed within a closed glass ball which is only accessible through a relatively small opening.
  • the conditions for partial shielding are met if the light intensity below 80 ° against the vertical exceeds the limit of 100 cd per klm or max. 2,000 cd and below 90 ° the limit of 50 cd per klm or max. Does not exceed 1,000 cd.
  • the two lowest reflectors are arranged and dimensioned such that the lamp burner is practically completely shielded by them when the lamp is in an optimal position. This is when the center of your burner and the focal point of the parabolas coincide.
  • the part of the lamp located above the burner can then also radiate freely between the second and third reflectors in the interest of good broad radiation; nevertheless, the conditions of partial shielding are surprisingly met.
  • the reason for this is that the luminance in that lamp area is reduced anyway in comparison to the center of the lamp and that the maxima of the Lambert circles are directed upwards due to the bulb curvature, so that they do not contribute to the light intensity in the critical area between 80 ° and 90 °.
  • a fourth reflector is provided according to a further development of the invention, which can either be designed as a closed roof reflector or as a reflector with an opening - with the lamp hanging.
  • Fan-shaped reflectors made of diffusely reflective material are known for decorative interior lighting, but these are only about shielding the lamp and ensuring a good appearance, but questions of targeted light control and efficiency are not addressed; in addition, the scope for design is not restricted by specifying dimensions.
  • the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure; it shows schematically the vertical section through an exterior lamp with four reflectors 1, 2, 3 and 4, which are arranged symmetrically about an axis of symmetry A, in which the longitudinal axis of a lamp L with a slurried ellipsoid bulb is located; the burner of the lamp is indicated by dashed lines and designated B and the center of the burner M.
  • the individual reflectors are each rotational surfaces of a generator around the axis of symmetry A; in any case, the generatrix is a section of a parabola whose focal point F lies in the center M of the lamp L; the main axes H of the parabolas each enclose a main axis angle a measured clockwise with the axis of symmetry A below the center M.
  • the following details of the exemplary embodiment are based on a maximum outer diameter D of the second reflector 2 of 220 mm and a 70 watt lamp with a 70 mm bulb diameter.
  • the reflector 1 then has a focal length of 70 mm and a main axis angle a1 of 50 ° and a diameter d1 of the lamp opening of 158 mm, its height h or its outer diameter a1 is dimensioned such that the above-mentioned shielding condition is just met.
  • Above reflector 1 follows reflector 2 with a focal length of 30 mm and a main axis angle a2 of -30 °, its outer diameter D being 220 mm and the diameter d2 of the lamp opening being 122 mm.
  • the third reflector 3 also has a focal length of 30 mm and a main axis angle a3 of -60 °; its outer diameter is also equal to 220 mm and the diameter d3 of the lamp opening is 105 mm.
  • the fourth reflector 4 is finally designed as a closed roof reflector and has parabolic branches with a focal length of 58 mm and a main axis inclination a4 of the main axis H4 of -65 °; its outer diameter a4 is 198 mm.
  • the main axis angles a2, a3 and et4 of the reflectors 2, 3 and 4 are negative, but the main axis angle a1 of the reflector 1 is positive: This means that only the light rays from reflector 1 cross the axis of symmetry A, but not that coming from the other reflectors Light.
  • the top reflector 4 can also have a lamp opening with a diameter d4 of 118 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

1. A broad-beam axially symmetrical street lamp having three reflectors (1, 2, 3) in the form of surfaces of rotation, which are arranged above one another around the axis of symmetry (A) of the street lamp, which respectively have a lamp opening in the centre and which reflect the light of the lamp (L) away from the axis of symmetry at a high angle, for a lamp which has a translucent bulb and which is so assigned that its longitudinal axis coincides with the axis of symmetry, characterised in that the generatrix for the surfaces of rotation of the three reflectors are sections consisting of confocal parabolas, whose respective focal points (F) lie on the axis of symmetry (A) at the level of the centre point (M) of the heated discharge tube (B) of the lamp (L) and which are determined by the following values (in each case with a tolerance of + or - 10 %) : see diagramm : EP0085145,P4,F1 where f is the focal length, D is the outer diameter of the larger reflector, alpha is the angle of the main axis - measured clock-wise from the axis of symmetry (A) below the focal point (F) - and d is the diameter of the lamp opening, that the outer diameter (a1) of the lowermost reflector (1) ids represented by a1/D = 0,82 + or - 10 %, and that the second reflector (2) has the largest outer diameter (D), whose value is below 300 mm and preferably amounts to 220 mm + or - 10 %.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine breitstrahlende, rotationssymmetrische Straßenleuchte gemäß Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a wide-angle, rotationally symmetrical street lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer derartigen, aus der DE-C-29 00 15 bekannten Straßenleuchte ist über die Bemessung der Reflektoren, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine bestimmte Lampe nichts ausgesagt. Vor allem ist nicht erkennbar, wie sich eine möglichst gute Breitstrahlung bei gleichzeitiger Erfüllung der Bedingungen einer Teilabschirmung und bei möglichst gutem Wirkungsgrad erreichen läßt ; das gilt auch für die Reflektoranordnung nach DE-C-453 026.In such a street lamp known from DE-C-29 00 15, nothing is said about the dimensioning of the reflectors, in particular with regard to a specific lamp. Above all, it is not recognizable how the best possible broad radiation can be achieved while simultaneously fulfilling the conditions of partial shielding and with the best possible efficiency; this also applies to the reflector arrangement according to DE-C-453 026.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die bekannte Außenleuchte so weiterzubilden, daß sich eine gute Breitstrahlung bei möglichst hohem Wirkungsgrad und Erfüllung der Bedingungen einer Teilabschirmung erzielen läßt und zwar unter der erschwerenden Bedingung, daß ein verhältnismäßig kleiner Wert für den maximalen Außendurchmesser der Reflektoren vorgegeben ist. Letztere Forderung besteht nämlich oft bei Außenleuchten kleiner Lichtpunkthöhe, wie sie für Wohnstraßen und Fußgängerbereiche eingesetzt werden, wobei der Reflektor sehr oft innerhalb einer geschlossenen, nur durch eine relativ kleine Öffnung zugänglichen Glaskugel untergebracht werden soll.The invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the known outdoor lamp so that good broad radiation can be achieved with the highest possible efficiency and fulfillment of the conditions of a partial shielding, and under the aggravating condition that a relatively small value is specified for the maximum outer diameter of the reflectors is. The latter requirement is in fact often present in the case of outdoor lights with a small mounting height, such as are used for residential streets and pedestrian areas, the reflector very often being housed within a closed glass ball which is only accessible through a relatively small opening.

Die Bedingungen der Teilabschirmung sind erfüllt, wenn die Lichtstärke unter 80° gegen die Vertikale den Grenzwert von 100 cd pro klm oder max. 2 000 cd und unter 90° den Grenzwert von 50 cd pro klm oder max. 1 000 cd nicht überschreitet.The conditions for partial shielding are met if the light intensity below 80 ° against the vertical exceeds the limit of 100 cd per klm or max. 2,000 cd and below 90 ° the limit of 50 cd per klm or max. Does not exceed 1,000 cd.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gekennzeichnet.The achievement of the object according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1.

Bei der Erfindung sind die beiden untersten Reflektoren so angeordnet, und bemessen, daß durch sie der Brenner der Lampe praktisch vollständig abgeschirmt ist, wenn sich die Lampe in optimaler Position befindet. Diese ist gegeben, wenn der Mittelpunkt ihres Brenners und der Brennpunkt der Parabeln zusammenfallen. Der oberhalb des Brenners liegende Teil der Lampe kann dann zwischen dem zweiten und dritten Reflektor im Interesse einer guten Breitstrahlung auch frei ausstrahlen ; trotzdem werden die Bedingungen der Teilabschirmung überraschenderweise erfüllt. Das liegt daran, daß in jenem Lampenbereich die Leuchtdichte ohnehin reduziert ist im Vergleich zur Lampenmitte und daß infolge der Kolbenkrümmung die Maxima der Lambertkreise nach oben gerichtet sind, so daß sie nicht zur Lichtstärke in dem kritischen Bereich zwischen 80° und 90° beitragen.In the invention, the two lowest reflectors are arranged and dimensioned such that the lamp burner is practically completely shielded by them when the lamp is in an optimal position. This is when the center of your burner and the focal point of the parabolas coincide. The part of the lamp located above the burner can then also radiate freely between the second and third reflectors in the interest of good broad radiation; nevertheless, the conditions of partial shielding are surprisingly met. The reason for this is that the luminance in that lamp area is reduced anyway in comparison to the center of the lamp and that the maxima of the Lambert circles are directed upwards due to the bulb curvature, so that they do not contribute to the light intensity in the critical area between 80 ° and 90 °.

Um auch den relativ geringen, nach oben abgestrahlten Lichtanteil noch nützen zu können, ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ein vierter Reflektor vorgesehen, der entweder als geschlossener Dachreflektor oder als Reflektor mit einem Durchbruch - bei hängender Lampe - ausgeführt sein kann.In order to still be able to use the relatively small amount of light emitted upwards, a fourth reflector is provided according to a further development of the invention, which can either be designed as a closed roof reflector or as a reflector with an opening - with the lamp hanging.

Durch die Erfindung lassen sich zufriedenstellende lichttechnische Ergebnisse mit einer ästhetisch gefälligen Anordnung der einzelnen Reflektoren erzielen, die auf der gleichgerichteten Änderung von Neigungswinkel und Abständen beim Fortschreiten vom untersten zum obersten Reflektor beruht.By means of the invention, satisfactory lighting results can be achieved with an aesthetically pleasing arrangement of the individual reflectors, which is based on the rectified change in the angle of inclination and the distances as the bottom to the top reflector advance.

Für die dekorative Innenbeleuchtung sind zwar fächerförmige Reflektoren aus diffus reflektierendem Material bekannt, bei denen es aber lediglich um eine Abschirmung der Lampe sowie ein gutes Aussehen geht, Fragen der gezielten Lichtlenkung und des Wirkungsgrades jedoch nicht angesprochen sind ; außerdem ist hierbei der Gestaltungsspielraum nicht durch Vorgaben von Abmessungen eingeengt.Fan-shaped reflectors made of diffusely reflective material are known for decorative interior lighting, but these are only about shielding the lamp and ensuring a good appearance, but questions of targeted light control and efficiency are not addressed; in addition, the scope for design is not restricted by specifying dimensions.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert ; sie zeigt schematisch den Vertikalschnitt durch eine Außenleuchte mit vier Reflektoren 1, 2, 3 und 4, die symmetrisch um eine Symmetrieachse A angeordnet sind, in der auch die Längsachse einer Lampe L mit beschlämmtem Ellipsoid-Kolben liegt ; der Brenner der Lampe ist gestrichelt angedeutet und mit B und der Mittelpunkt des Brenners mit M bezeichnet.The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure; it shows schematically the vertical section through an exterior lamp with four reflectors 1, 2, 3 and 4, which are arranged symmetrically about an axis of symmetry A, in which the longitudinal axis of a lamp L with a slurried ellipsoid bulb is located; the burner of the lamp is indicated by dashed lines and designated B and the center of the burner M.

Die einzelnen Reflektoren sind jeweils Rotationsflächen einer Erzeugenden um die Symmetrieachse A ; in jedem Fall ist die Erzeugende ein Abschnitt aus einer Parabel, deren Brennpunkt F im Mittelpunkt M der Lampe L liegt ; die Hauptachsen H der Parabeln schließen mit der Symmetrieachse A unterhalb des Mittelpunktes M jeweils einen im Uhrzeigersinn gemessenen Hauptachswinkel a ein.The individual reflectors are each rotational surfaces of a generator around the axis of symmetry A; in any case, the generatrix is a section of a parabola whose focal point F lies in the center M of the lamp L; the main axes H of the parabolas each enclose a main axis angle a measured clockwise with the axis of symmetry A below the center M.

Den folgenden Detailangaben des Ausführungsbeispieles liegt ein maximaler Außendurchmesser D des zweiten Reflektors 2 von 220 mm und eine 70-Watt-Lampe mit 70 mm Kolbendurchmesser zugrunde. Der Reflektor 1 hat dann eine Brennweite von 70 mm und einen Hauptachswinkel a1 von 50° sowie einen Durchmesser d1 des Lampendurchbruches von 158 mm seine Höhe h bzw. sein Außendurchmesser a1 ist so bemessen, daß die eingangs erwähnte Abschirmbedingung gerade erfüllt ist.The following details of the exemplary embodiment are based on a maximum outer diameter D of the second reflector 2 of 220 mm and a 70 watt lamp with a 70 mm bulb diameter. The reflector 1 then has a focal length of 70 mm and a main axis angle a1 of 50 ° and a diameter d1 of the lamp opening of 158 mm, its height h or its outer diameter a1 is dimensioned such that the above-mentioned shielding condition is just met.

Oberhalb von Reflektor 1 folgt Reflektor 2 mit einer Brennweite von 30 mm und einem Hauptachswinkel a2 von - 30°, wobei sein Außendurchmesser D 220 mm und der Durchmesser d2 des Lampendurchbruches 122 mm beträgt.Above reflector 1 follows reflector 2 with a focal length of 30 mm and a main axis angle a2 of -30 °, its outer diameter D being 220 mm and the diameter d2 of the lamp opening being 122 mm.

Der dritte Reflektor 3 hat ebenfalls eine Brennweite von 30 mm und einen Hauptachswinkel a3 von - 60° ; sein Außendurchmesser ist ebenfalls gleich 220 mm und der Durchmesser d3 des Lampendurchbruches 105 mm.The third reflector 3 also has a focal length of 30 mm and a main axis angle a3 of -60 °; its outer diameter is also equal to 220 mm and the diameter d3 of the lamp opening is 105 mm.

Der vierte Reflektor 4 ist schließlich als geschlossener Dachreflektor ausgebildet und weist Parabelzweige mit einer Brennweite von 58 mm und eine Hauptachsneigung a4 der Hauptachse H4 von - 65° auf ; sein Außendurchmesser a4 beträgt 198 mm.The fourth reflector 4 is finally designed as a closed roof reflector and has parabolic branches with a focal length of 58 mm and a main axis inclination a4 of the main axis H4 of -65 °; its outer diameter a4 is 198 mm.

Die Hauptachswinkel a2, a3 und et4 der Reflektoren 2, 3 und 4 sind negativ, der Hauptachswinkel a1 des Reflektors 1 ist dagegen positiv : Das bedeutet, daß nur die Lichtstrahlen von Reflektor 1 die Symmetrieachse A kreuzen, nicht dagegen das von den übrigen Reflektoren kommende Licht.The main axis angles a2, a3 and et4 of the reflectors 2, 3 and 4 are negative, but the main axis angle a1 of the reflector 1 is positive: This means that only the light rays from reflector 1 cross the axis of symmetry A, but not that coming from the other reflectors Light.

Bei Ausführung der Leuchte mit hängender Lampe kann der oberste Reflektor 4 auch einen Lampendurchbruch mit einem Durchmesser d4 von 118 mm aufweisen.When the lamp is designed with a hanging lamp, the top reflector 4 can also have a lamp opening with a diameter d4 of 118 mm.

Die beschriebene Außenleuchte hat die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Lichtverteilungskurve :

  • Trotz verhältnismäßig hoch liegender Maxima liegt die Lichtstärke bei 80° und 90° deutlich unter den für Teilabschirmung zugelassenen Maximalwerten von 100 bzw. 50 Kandela pro Kilolumen.
The exterior lamp described has the light distribution curve shown in FIG. 2:
  • Despite the relatively high maxima, the light intensity at 80 ° and 90 ° is clearly below the maximum values of 100 and 50 candelas per kilometer, which are permitted for partial shielding.

Claims (5)

1. A broad-beam axially symmetrical street lamp having three reflectors (1, 2, 3) in the form of surfaces of rotation, which are arranged above one another around the axis of symmetry (A) of the street lamp, which respectively have a lamp opening in the centre and which reflect the light of the lamp (L) away from the axis of symmetry at a high angle, for a lamp which has a translucent bulb and which is so assigned that its longitudinal axis coincides with the axis of symmetry, characterised in that the generatrix for the surfaces of rotation of the three reflectors are sections consisting of confocal parabolas, whose respective focal points (F) lie on the axis of symmetry (A) at the level of the centre point (M) of the heated discharge tube (B) of the lamp (L) and which are determined by the following values (in each case with a tolerance of ± 10 %) :
Figure imgb0005
where f is the focal length, D is the outer diameter of the larger reflector, α is the angle of the main axis - measured clock-wise from the axis of symmetry (A) below the focal point (F)-and d is the diameter of the lamp opening, that the outer diameter (a1) of the lowermost reflector (1) is represented by
Figure imgb0006
and that the second reflector (2) has the largest outer diameter (D), whose value is below 300 mm and preferably amounts to 220 mm ± 10 %.
2..A street lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterised by an additional screen reflector (4) arranged above the third reflector (3) and whose generatrix is likewise a section of a confocal parabola, determined by the following values (in each case with a tolerance of ± 10%)
Figure imgb0007
where f4 is the focal length and a4 the angle of the main axis against the axis of symmetry (A) and D is the outer diameter of the second reflector (2).
3. A street lamp as claimed in Claim 2 for a standing lamp, characterised in that the generatrix extends to the axis of symmetry (A).
4. A street lamp as claimed in Claim 2 for a suspended lamp, characterised in that the screen reflector (4) has a lamp opening, whose diameter d4 is represented by
Figure imgb0008
5. A street lamp as claimed in one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the outer diameter a4 of the fourth reflector is preferably smaller than the outer diameter (D) of the largest reflector (2) by 10 %.
EP82110218A 1982-02-01 1982-11-05 Broad-beam axially symmetric street lamp Expired EP0085145B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110218T ATE13714T1 (en) 1982-02-01 1982-11-05 WIDE BEAM, ROTATIONALLY SYMMETRICAL STREET LAMP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203284 1982-02-01
DE3203284A DE3203284C2 (en) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Broad beam, rotationally symmetrical street light

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085145A1 EP0085145A1 (en) 1983-08-10
EP0085145B1 true EP0085145B1 (en) 1985-06-05

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EP82110218A Expired EP0085145B1 (en) 1982-02-01 1982-11-05 Broad-beam axially symmetric street lamp

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0085145B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE13714T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3203284C2 (en)
DK (1) DK150757C (en)
GR (1) GR77733B (en)
NO (1) NO159417C (en)
ZA (1) ZA828952B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10222635A1 (en) * 2002-05-17 2003-12-18 Ilias Efthimiou off nozzle
CN101963321B (en) * 2009-07-23 2012-06-27 富士迈半导体精密工业（上海）有限公司 Road illuminating device

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE290015C (en) *
DE453026C (en) * 1926-05-26 1927-11-26 Louis Poulsen & Co Reflector arrangement for indirect lighting
US1796468A (en) * 1927-07-26 1931-03-17 Main Georges Incandescent electric lamp
GB448412A (en) * 1934-09-03 1935-03-04 Henri Leroudier An improved projecting apparatus for light or heat rays or sound waves
US3593014A (en) * 1969-01-17 1971-07-13 Gen Signal Corp Low level light fixture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE13714T1 (en) 1985-06-15
NO159417B (en) 1988-09-12
DE3203284C2 (en) 1984-08-02
DK150757B (en) 1987-06-15
DE3203284A1 (en) 1983-08-18
NO159417C (en) 1988-12-21
GR77733B (en) 1984-09-25
NO823750L (en) 1983-08-02
DK498382A (en) 1983-08-02
ZA828952B (en) 1983-12-28
EP0085145A1 (en) 1983-08-10
DK150757C (en) 1988-04-05

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