EP0084359B1 - Concrete mixer with vibrator - Google Patents

Concrete mixer with vibrator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084359B1
EP0084359B1 EP83100300A EP83100300A EP0084359B1 EP 0084359 B1 EP0084359 B1 EP 0084359B1 EP 83100300 A EP83100300 A EP 83100300A EP 83100300 A EP83100300 A EP 83100300A EP 0084359 B1 EP0084359 B1 EP 0084359B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
vibrator
mixing
drum
mixer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP83100300A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0084359A3 (en
EP0084359A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Dipl.-Kfm. Hudelmaier
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT83100300T priority Critical patent/ATE26666T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/20—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of a vibrating fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/48—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions wherein the mixing is effected by vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
    • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
    • B28C7/12—Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients
    • B28C7/126—Supply means, e.g. nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a concrete mixer with a drum in which mixed material composed of concrete components and mixing water which can be introduced via a water supply line can be mixed by means of mixing elements, and at least one vibrator which can be excited to introduce vibration energy into the mixed material.
  • a mixer of this type is known from US-A-4148 588.
  • the rotating drum for concrete production there has supply openings on its ceiling into which a liquid batch with the concrete components is fed.
  • Mixing is improved by means of vibrators, each of which is excited by an unbalance motor on a vibrating plate. Due to the arrangement of the oscillating plate and the unbalance motors, the mixer is complex to construct. Furthermore, the energy requirement appears to be relatively high.
  • each vibrator is arranged in the wall area.
  • the part of each vibrator that acts directly on the mix consists of a plate that is adapted to the curvature of the mixing vessel wall and covers a corresponding wall opening from the inside of the mixer. It is connected to the wall by an elastic partition wall, which covers the opening and at the same time is intended to prevent transmission of the shaking movement to the vessel wall.
  • Each plate is assigned its own drive in the form of an unbalanced electric vibrator, which is located outside the mixing container.
  • This known mixer is structurally extremely complex due to the necessary openings in the drum wall, the exact adaptation of the corresponding vibrator plate and the associated seals, and the need for a plurality of our own unbalance vibrators. It must be doubted whether the specified effect of the shaking movement on the mix is actually achieved. Further disadvantages are the considerable susceptibility to faults, since the elastic seal is reached by the mix and is attacked over time; in addition, a transmission of the shaking movement to the drum cannot be prevented by the seal either, so that the mixing container and its storage, as well as that of the mixer shaft, are exposed to increased wear.
  • the drive of several, in the exemplary embodiment four vibrators also requires a relatively high additional energy expenditure.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mixer of the type described in the introduction, the vibrator of which provides a desired mixing effect with a simple structure and economical use of energy.
  • the mixing water serves as the drive for the vibrator, which is either made to pulsate by means of a pulsating pump, or itself drives a pulsator or a turbine which interacts with a rotating unbalance.
  • the water required for the mixture is definitely supplied to the inside of the drum.
  • the lines, seals and connections required for this therefore do not represent any additional construction work. It has surprisingly been found that the time required for introducing the mixing water is also sufficient as vibration time in order to achieve the desired mixing result.
  • the pressure fluid forming the vibrator drive in the line loop differs as far as possible in its density from the filling fluid in order to achieve an efficient vibration arrangement.
  • the hydraulic fluid is intended exclusively as a drive for the vibrator, for no further use.
  • it is envisaged to feed and discharge perforated pipes which pass through the filling liquid through the wall of the vibrator.
  • z. B. thought of the supply of hot water for heating the vibrator body and thus the material to be shaken. From this and the mentioned difference in density it can be seen that water is essentially not considered in the hydraulic fluid.
  • the idea of influencing the filling liquid as part of the vibrator Using the mixture has nothing to do with mixing water for the mixture as the drive for the vibrator.
  • the introduction of the necessary vibration energy by water can be done in various ways according to the invention.
  • the mixing water can already be stimulated outside the drum, but also in the same, to pulsate.
  • the feature of claim 2 relates to a structurally particularly simple form of the vibrator.
  • the mixing water which has come out of the water supply device and which has caused it to pulsate to be mixed with another water which is not associated with the water supply device Vibrate the body, for example by impact.
  • Claim 3 relates to an embodiment which has a particularly simple way of supplying energy to the vibrator.
  • the feature of claim 4 prevents the vibration movement of the pipe section, which serves as a vibrator, from rocking to an undesirable height.
  • the concrete mixer shown in Fig. 1 has a drum 1 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing block 2 by means of a shaft 3.
  • the drum 1 and the bearing block 2 are supported on a frame designated as a whole by 4.
  • the frame 4 can be arranged in a stationary manner or can be part of a mobile ready-mixed concrete mixer.
  • a water tank 5 is also held in the area of the bearing block 2.
  • the inside of the drum 1, shown schematically open, has mixing elements 6 in the form of vane plates which extend spirally on the inner wall over the entire length of the drum.
  • a filler neck 7 is arranged at the drum mouth.
  • a water supply line, designated as a whole by 8 enters drum 1 in the region of the drum mouth.
  • the water pipe part 8a located outside the drum 1 contains a pump 9 for the water supply.
  • the connection between the pump 9 and the water tank 5 is not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the water pipe part 8a located outside the drum 1 is connected to the water pipe part 8b located in the drum via a rotary coupling 10.
  • the water pipe part 8b located in the drum 1 extends to the area of the drum bottom 1 a, and is bent there again towards the inside of the drum.
  • the last section of the water pipe part 8b forms a pipe section 11 which extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the drum.
  • a pulsator 13 is arranged between the outlet nozzle 12 and the pipe section 11 and causes intermittent water leakage.
  • the pipe section 11, which is elastically supported over the angled part of the water pipe part 8b, is thereby excited to vibrate. These vibrations are dampened by a resilient support 14 which is supported on the drum base 1 a and bears against the pipe section 11.
  • the dry concrete components are fed into the rotating drum via the filler neck 7 and mixed together by the mixing elements 6.
  • the mixing water necessary for the production of concrete is supplied via the water supply line 8. It flows intermittently from the outlet nozzle 12 into the component mixture and already generates vibrations in it.
  • the tube section 11 is caused to vibrate by the intermittent water outlet. The vibration is transmitted to the container contents surrounding the pipe section 11. The internal friction of the material to be mixed is reduced to such an extent that the mixing action of the drum 1 and the mixing elements 6 is increased and the mixing time is reduced accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a mixer which is largely similar in design to that of FIG. 1.
  • the components are therefore provided with the same reference numerals.
  • 2 has, in addition to the pump 9 for the water transport, a pressure booster system 15 for a pulsating medium. It can e.g. a piston pump, a diaphragm pump or a screw pump. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, this pressure booster system is combined with the pump 9 to form one structural unit. No pulsator 13 is thus provided in the area of the outlet nozzle 12.
  • the concrete mixer shown in FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that the pressure booster system 15 is not installed outside the drum 1 in the area of the pump 9, but inside the drum 1 in the area of the drum bottom 1a in the water line part 8b .
  • the necessary energy is supplied in a manner not shown in the area of the bearing for the shaft 3.
  • the concrete mixer according to FIG. 4 has a pressure booster system 15 'in the area of the drum base 1a, which, however, only increases the water pressure, while a pulsator 13 is additionally arranged in the area of the outlet nozzle 12.
  • the pipe section 11 is provided with arms 16 which in turn carry outlet nozzles 12. Since the pulsator 13 exits the outlet nozzles 12 intermittently, each of the arms 16 forms a vibrator in itself.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 show drums 1 without support and with vibrator designs which have already been shown essentially in the previous embodiments.
  • the same reference numerals are therefore also used for the same or almost the same elements.
  • the main difference between these embodiments and those already described The other is that the water supply line 8 opens directly into the tube section 11 through the drum base 1a.
  • the water supply line 8 passes through the drum drive 17 and the hollow shaft 3 ′ here.
  • a rotary coupling 10 is switched into the water supply line 8.
  • the pipe section 11 in FIG. 1 is equipped with a pulsator 13 directly in front of the outlet nozzle 12.
  • a resilient support 14 extends between the drum base 1 a and the pipe section 11.
  • the water is supplied by means of a normal pump 9.
  • the pump 9 deliveryvers the water to be supplied already pulsating.
  • the drum 1 ' is a design for a free-fall mixer. Another difference from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is that there is no resilient support 14.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 each show a plate 18 of a plate mixer in plan view.
  • Pipe sections 11 with angled outlet nozzles 12 serve as vibrators, as in the previous embodiments. They are supplied with pulsed mixing water in a manner not shown and are stimulated to vibrate by the water outlet.
  • the tube sections 11 are attached to a central rotating body 19 which can be driven for mixing.
  • mixing tools 20 are additionally connected to the pipe sections 11.
  • only the pipe sections 11 are mounted on the rotating body 19.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show the drums 1 which are largely the same as in the previous embodiments.
  • a pipe section 11 ′ which is elastically mounted on the drum base 1 a is supplied with the mixing water via the water supply line 8 in the manner already described by means of a pump 9.
  • the tube section 11 ' carries at its end remote from the drum base a turbine housing 21 with a turbine wheel 22.
  • the turbine wheel 22 is connected to an imbalance 23.
  • the mixing water drives the turbine wheel 22 to rotate, as a result of which the unbalance 23 sets the turbine housing and thus the pipe section 11 in vibration.
  • the mixing water leaves the turbine housing 21 through an outlet nozzle 12 arranged on the side thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

1. Concrete mixer with a drum (1), in which mixing material comprising concrete components and mixing water, which can be introduced via a water supply line (8), can be mixed thoroughly by means of mixer elements (6), and with at least one vibrator (8 ; 11 ; 11' ; 16) which can be driven in order to impart vibration energy to the mixing material, characterized in that the mixing water serves as a drive for the vibrator (11, 11', 16) and either is made to pulsate by means of a pump (9') operating in pulses or itself drives a pulsator (13) or a turbine (21, 22) interacting with a rotating unbalanced mass (23).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Betonmischer mit einer Trommel, in welcher Mischgut aus Betonkomponenten und über eine Wasserzuführungsleitung einführbares Anmachwasser mittels Mischelementen durchmischbar ist, und wenigstens einem zum Einbringen von Vibrationsenergie in das Mischgut erregbaren Vibrator.The invention relates to a concrete mixer with a drum in which mixed material composed of concrete components and mixing water which can be introduced via a water supply line can be mixed by means of mixing elements, and at least one vibrator which can be excited to introduce vibration energy into the mixed material.

Aus der US-A-4148 588 ist ein Mischer dieser Art bekannt. Die dort vorhandene, drehbare Trommel zur Betonherstellung weist an ihrer Decke Zuführöffnungen auf, in die eine flüssige Charge mit den Betonbestandteilen zugeführt wird. Das Mischen wird mittels Vibratoren verbessert, die jeweils über Unwuchtmotoren auf einer vibrierenden Platte angeregt werden. Der Mischer ist durch die Anordnung der oszillierenden Platte und die Unwuchtmotoren aufwendig im Aufbau. Ferner erscheint der Energiebedarf relativ hoch.A mixer of this type is known from US-A-4148 588. The rotating drum for concrete production there has supply openings on its ceiling into which a liquid batch with the concrete components is fed. Mixing is improved by means of vibrators, each of which is excited by an unbalance motor on a vibrating plate. Due to the arrangement of the oscillating plate and the unbalance motors, the mixer is complex to construct. Furthermore, the energy requirement appears to be relatively high.

Das gleiche gilt für einen Mischer, wie er aus der DE-A-2 425158 bekannt ist. Der Mischer wird von der Deckelseite her gefüllt und das fertige Mischgut am Boden ausgetragen. Von dem Boden her ragt eine zum Drehen antreibbare Welle, welche als Mischelemente elastische Lamellen trägt, in die Trommel. Zusätzlich ist eine Anzahl von Rüttlern im Wandbereich angeordnet. Der direkt auf das Mischgut wirkende Teil jedes Rüttlers besteht aus einer Platte, die der Krümmung der Mischgefässwand angepasst ist und von der Innenseite des Mischers her eine entsprechende Wandöffnung überdeckt. Sie ist mit der Wand durch eine elastische Zwischenwand verbunden, welche die Öffnung abdeckt und gleichzeitig eine Übertragung der Rüttelbewegung auf die Gefässwand verhindern soll. Jeder Platte ist ein eigener Antrieb in Form eines Unwucht-Elektrorüttlers zugeordnet, der sich ausserhalb des Mischbehälters befindet. Dieser bekannte Mischer ist baulich höchst aufwendig durch die notwendigen Öffnungen in der Trommelwand, die genaue Anpassung der entsprechenden Rüttlerplatte und den zugehörigen Abdichtungen, sowie der Notwendigkeit einer Mehrzahl eigener Unwuchtsrüttler. Es muss bezweifelt werden, dass die angegebene Wirkung der Rüttelbewegung auf das Mischgut tatsächlich erreicht wird. Weitere Nachteile sind die erhebliche Störanfälligkeit, da die elastische Abdichtung vom Mischgut erreicht und im Laufe der Zeit angegriffen wird; ausserdem lässt sich eine Übertragung der Rüttelbewegung auf die Trommel auch durch die Abdichtung nicht verhindern, so dass der Mischbehälter und seine Lagerung, wie auch die der Mischerwelle, einem erhöhten Verschleiss ausgesetzt sind. Der Antrieb von mehreren, im Ausführungsbeispiel vier Rüttlern, erfordert auch einen relativ hohen zusätzlichen Energieaufwand.The same applies to a mixer as is known from DE-A-2 425158. The mixer is filled from the lid side and the finished mix is discharged from the bottom. A shaft which can be driven to rotate and which carries elastic lamellas as mixing elements projects from the floor into the drum. In addition, a number of vibrators are arranged in the wall area. The part of each vibrator that acts directly on the mix consists of a plate that is adapted to the curvature of the mixing vessel wall and covers a corresponding wall opening from the inside of the mixer. It is connected to the wall by an elastic partition wall, which covers the opening and at the same time is intended to prevent transmission of the shaking movement to the vessel wall. Each plate is assigned its own drive in the form of an unbalanced electric vibrator, which is located outside the mixing container. This known mixer is structurally extremely complex due to the necessary openings in the drum wall, the exact adaptation of the corresponding vibrator plate and the associated seals, and the need for a plurality of our own unbalance vibrators. It must be doubted whether the specified effect of the shaking movement on the mix is actually achieved. Further disadvantages are the considerable susceptibility to faults, since the elastic seal is reached by the mix and is attacked over time; in addition, a transmission of the shaking movement to the drum cannot be prevented by the seal either, so that the mixing container and its storage, as well as that of the mixer shaft, are exposed to increased wear. The drive of several, in the exemplary embodiment four vibrators, also requires a relatively high additional energy expenditure.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Mischer der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, dessen Vibrator bei einfachem Aufbau und wirtschaftlichem Energieeinsatz eine erwünschte Mischwirkung liefert.The object of the invention is to provide a mixer of the type described in the introduction, the vibrator of which provides a desired mixing effect with a simple structure and economical use of energy.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass als Antrieb für den Vibrator das Anmachwasser dient, das entweder mittels einer stossweise arbeitenden Pumpe zum Pulsieren gebracht wird, oder selbst einen Pulsator, oder eine mit einer rotierenden Unwucht zusammenwirkende Turbine antreibt.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the mixing water serves as the drive for the vibrator, which is either made to pulsate by means of a pulsating pump, or itself drives a pulsator or a turbine which interacts with a rotating unbalance.

Das für die Mischung benötigte Wasser wird dem Trommelinneren auf jeden Fall zugeführt. Die dafür erforderlichen Leitungen, Dichtungen und Anschlüsse stellen also keinen zusätzlichen Bauaufwand dar. Es hat sich überraschend gezeigt, dass die für das Einbringen des Anmachwassers notwendige Zeit auch als Vibrationszeit ausreicht, um das gewünschte Mischergebnis zu erzielen.The water required for the mixture is definitely supplied to the inside of the drum. The lines, seals and connections required for this therefore do not represent any additional construction work. It has surprisingly been found that the time required for introducing the mixing water is also sufficient as vibration time in order to achieve the desired mixing result.

Es ist zwar bereits aus der DE-A-2 005 547 bekannt, einen Körper mittels einer durch eine Rohrleitung strömenden Flüssigkeit zum Schwingen anzuregen. Diese Veröffentlichung hat einen Vibrator zum Gegenstand, der u.a. auch in Baumaschinen wie Verdichtern, Förderern und Mischern eingesetzt werden soll. Der Vibrator ist dabei als im wesentlichen geschlossener Raum ausgebildet. Er ist mit einem flüssigen Medium gefüllt und enthält in diesem eine Druckmittelleitung in Schleifenform, in welcher durch plötzliche Verengung im Wege der Flüssigkeit Kavitationserscheinungen und damit Schwingungen erzeugt werden. Die Querschnittsverringerung erfolgt in einem elastischen Leitungsbereich und ist in ihrer Grösse einstellbar. Die durch ein Druckmittel in dieser Leitung erzielte Schwingung wird auf das umgebende flüssige Medium und damit auf die Wand des Vibrators übertragen. Dabei wird grosser Wert darauf gelegt, dass die den Vibratorantrieb bildende Druckflüssigkeit in der Leitungsschleife sich nach Möglichkeit in ihrer Dichte wesentlich von der Füllflüssigkeit unterscheidet, um eine leistungsfähige Schwinganordnung zu erzielen. Die Druckflüssigkeit ist ausschliesslich als Antrieb für den Vibrator, für keine weitere Verwendung gedacht. Es ist zwar bei einer Weiterentwicklung des bekannten Vibrators vorgesehen, die Füllflüssigkeit durch die Wand des Vibrators durchsetzende, gelochte Rohre zu- und abzuführen. Dabei ist z. B. an die Zufuhr von Heisswasser zur Erwärmung des Vibratorkörpers und damit des zu rüttelnden Gutes gedacht. Daraus und dem erwähnten Dichteunterschied geht hervor, dass bei der Druckflüssigkeit im wesentlichen nicht an Wasser gedacht ist. Auch der Gedanke, die Füllflüssigkeit als Bestandteil der durch den Vibrator zu beeinflussen- . den Mischung zu benutzen, hat nichts damit zu tun, Anmachwasser für die Mischung als Antrieb für den Vibrator zu verwenden.It is already known from DE-A-2 005 547 to excite a body to vibrate by means of a liquid flowing through a pipeline. This publication deals with a vibrator, which among other things. also to be used in construction machinery such as compressors, conveyors and mixers. The vibrator is designed as an essentially closed space. It is filled with a liquid medium and contains a pressure medium line in the form of a loop, in which cavitation phenomena and thus vibrations are generated by sudden narrowing in the way of the liquid. The cross-section is reduced in an elastic cable area and its size can be adjusted. The vibration achieved by a pressure medium in this line is transmitted to the surrounding liquid medium and thus to the wall of the vibrator. Great importance is attached to the fact that the pressure fluid forming the vibrator drive in the line loop differs as far as possible in its density from the filling fluid in order to achieve an efficient vibration arrangement. The hydraulic fluid is intended exclusively as a drive for the vibrator, for no further use. In a further development of the known vibrator, it is envisaged to feed and discharge perforated pipes which pass through the filling liquid through the wall of the vibrator. Here is z. B. thought of the supply of hot water for heating the vibrator body and thus the material to be shaken. From this and the mentioned difference in density it can be seen that water is essentially not considered in the hydraulic fluid. Also the idea of influencing the filling liquid as part of the vibrator. Using the mixture has nothing to do with mixing water for the mixture as the drive for the vibrator.

Das Einleiten der notwendigen Vibrationsenergie durch Wasser kann nach der Erfindung auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen. Das Anmachwasser kann bereits ausserhalb der Trommel, aber auch in derselben zum Pulsieren angeregt werden.The introduction of the necessary vibration energy by water can be done in various ways according to the invention. The mixing water can already be stimulated outside the drum, but also in the same, to pulsate.

Das Merkmal des Anspruches 2 betrifft eine baulich besonders einfache Form des Vibrators. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass aus der Wasserzuführungseinrichtung austretende, zum Pulsieren gebrachte Anmachwasser einen anderen, der Wasserzuführungseinrichtung nicht zugehörigen Körper in Schwingungen versetzen, beispielsweise durch Aufprall.The feature of claim 2 relates to a structurally particularly simple form of the vibrator. However, it is also conceivable for the mixing water which has come out of the water supply device and which has caused it to pulsate, to be mixed with another water which is not associated with the water supply device Vibrate the body, for example by impact.

Anspruch 3 betrifft eine Ausführungsform, die eine besonders einfache Möglichkeit der Energiezufuhr zum Vibrator aufweist. Das Merkmal des Anspruches 4 verhindert, dass sich die Vibrationsbewegung des Rohrabschnittes, der als Vibrator dient, zu einer unerwünschten Höhe aufschaukeln kann.Claim 3 relates to an embodiment which has a particularly simple way of supplying energy to the vibrator. The feature of claim 4 prevents the vibration movement of the pipe section, which serves as a vibrator, from rocking to an undesirable height.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 5 und 6.Further features of the invention are the subject of claims 5 and 6.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen von Ausführungsbeispielen noch weiter erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemässen Betonmischer in schematisierter Darstellung, und
  • Fig. 2 bis Fig. 12 jeweils eine ander Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Mischers in schematisierter Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a concrete mixer according to the invention in a schematic representation, and
  • FIGS. 2 to 12 each show another embodiment of a mixer according to the invention in a schematic representation.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Betonmischer weist eine Trommel 1 auf, die in einem Lagerbock 2 mittels einer Welle 3 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Trommel 1 und der Lagerbock 2 sind auf einem als Ganzes mit 4 bezeichneten Rahmen abgestützt. Der Rahmen 4 kann ortsfest angeordnet oder Teil eines fahrbaren Transportbetonmischers sein. Im Bereich des Lagerbockes 2 ist auch noch ein Wassertank 5 gehaltert.The concrete mixer shown in Fig. 1 has a drum 1 which is rotatably mounted in a bearing block 2 by means of a shaft 3. The drum 1 and the bearing block 2 are supported on a frame designated as a whole by 4. The frame 4 can be arranged in a stationary manner or can be part of a mobile ready-mixed concrete mixer. A water tank 5 is also held in the area of the bearing block 2.

Die schematisch offen dargestellte Trommel 1 weist in ihrem Inneren Mischelemente 6 auf in Form von sich an der Innenwand spiralförmig über die gesamte Trommellänge erstreckenden Schaufelblechen. An der Trommelmündung ist ein Einfüllstutzen 7 angeordnet. Ferner tritt im Bereich der Trommelmündung eine als Ganzes mit 8 bezeichnete Wasserzufuhrleitung in die Trommel 1 ein. Deren ausserhalb der Trommel 1 befindlicher Wasserleitungsteil 8a enthält eine Pumpe 9 für die Wasserzufuhr. Die Verbindung zwischen der Pumpe 9 und dem Wassertank 5 ist der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht gezeichnet. Im Bereich der Trommelmündung ist der ausserhalb der Trommel 1 befindliche Wasserleitungsteil 8a mit dem in der Trommel befindlichen Wasserleitungsteil 8b über eine Drehkupplung 10 verbunden. Der in der Trommel 1 befindliche Wasserleitungsteil 8b erstreckt sich bis zum Bereich des Trommelbodens 1 a, und ist dort wieder zum Trommelinneren hin umgebogen. Der letzte Abschnitt des Wasserleitungsteils 8b bildet einen Rohrabschnitt 11, der sich etwa parallel zu der Trommellängsachse A erstreckt. An seinem freien Ende steht im Winkel eine Austrittsdüse 12 für das Wasser ab. Zwischen der Austrittsdüse 12 und dem Rohrabschnitt 11 ist ein Pulsator 13 angeordnet, der einen stossweisen Wasseraustritt bewirkt. Der über den abgewinkelten Teil des Wasserleitungsteils 8b elastisch gelagerte Rohrabschnitt 11 wird dadurch zu Schwingungen angeregt. Gedämpft werden diese Schwingungen durch eine federnde Abstützung 14, die am Trommelboden 1a abgestützt ist und am Rohrabschnitt 11 anliegt.The inside of the drum 1, shown schematically open, has mixing elements 6 in the form of vane plates which extend spirally on the inner wall over the entire length of the drum. A filler neck 7 is arranged at the drum mouth. Furthermore, a water supply line, designated as a whole by 8, enters drum 1 in the region of the drum mouth. The water pipe part 8a located outside the drum 1 contains a pump 9 for the water supply. The connection between the pump 9 and the water tank 5 is not shown for the sake of clarity. In the area of the drum mouth, the water pipe part 8a located outside the drum 1 is connected to the water pipe part 8b located in the drum via a rotary coupling 10. The water pipe part 8b located in the drum 1 extends to the area of the drum bottom 1 a, and is bent there again towards the inside of the drum. The last section of the water pipe part 8b forms a pipe section 11 which extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the drum. At its free end there is an outlet nozzle 12 for the water at an angle. A pulsator 13 is arranged between the outlet nozzle 12 and the pipe section 11 and causes intermittent water leakage. The pipe section 11, which is elastically supported over the angled part of the water pipe part 8b, is thereby excited to vibrate. These vibrations are dampened by a resilient support 14 which is supported on the drum base 1 a and bears against the pipe section 11.

Der geschilderte Betonmischer arbeitet wie folgt:The concrete mixer described works as follows:

Über den Einfüllstutzen 7 werden die trockenen Betonkomponenten in die sich drehende Trommel eingegeben und von den Mischelementen 6 durcheinandergemischt. Gleichzeitig wird über die Wasserzufuhrleitung 8 das zur Betonherstellung notwendige Anmachwasser zugeführt. Es strömt stossweise aus der Austrittsdüse 12 in das Komponentengemisch und erzeugt in diesem schon dadurch Schwingungen. Ferner wird durch den stossweisen Wasseraustritt der Rohrabschnitt 11 zum Vibrieren gebracht. Die Vibration überträgt sich auf den den Rohrabschnitt 11 umgebenden Behälterinhalt. Die innere Reibung des Mischgutes wird dadurch soweit vermindert, dass die Mischwirkung der Trommel 1 und der Mischelemente 6 erhöht und die Mischzeit entsprechend verringert wird.The dry concrete components are fed into the rotating drum via the filler neck 7 and mixed together by the mixing elements 6. At the same time, the mixing water necessary for the production of concrete is supplied via the water supply line 8. It flows intermittently from the outlet nozzle 12 into the component mixture and already generates vibrations in it. Furthermore, the tube section 11 is caused to vibrate by the intermittent water outlet. The vibration is transmitted to the container contents surrounding the pipe section 11. The internal friction of the material to be mixed is reduced to such an extent that the mixing action of the drum 1 and the mixing elements 6 is increased and the mixing time is reduced accordingly.

Fig. zeigt eine Ausführungsform eines Mischers, der in seiner Ausgestaltung dem nach Fig. 1 weitgehend gleicht. Die Bauteile sind daher auch mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Hier, und bei den weiteren Ausführungsformen, wird daher nur auf die jeweiligen Unterschiede eingegangen. Der Betonmischer nach Fig. 2 weist ausser der Pumpe 9 für die Wasserbeförderung eine Druckerhöhungsanlage 15 für ein pulsierendes Medium auf. Es kann sich dabei z.B. um eine Kolbenpumpe, eine Membranpumpe oder eine Schneckenpumpe handeln. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ist diese Druckerhöhungsanlage mit der Pumpe 9 zu einer Baueinheit vereinigt. Im Bereich der Austrittsdüse 12 ist somit kein Pulsator 13 mehr vorgesehen.FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a mixer which is largely similar in design to that of FIG. 1. The components are therefore provided with the same reference numerals. Here, and in the further embodiments, only the respective differences are discussed. 2 has, in addition to the pump 9 for the water transport, a pressure booster system 15 for a pulsating medium. It can e.g. a piston pump, a diaphragm pump or a screw pump. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, this pressure booster system is combined with the pump 9 to form one structural unit. No pulsator 13 is thus provided in the area of the outlet nozzle 12.

Der in Fig. 3 gezeigte Betonmischer unterscheidet sich von dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten dadurch, dass die Druckerhöhungsanlage 15 nicht ausserhalb der Trommel 1 im Bereich der Pumpe 9, sondern innerhalb der Trommel 1 in dem Bereich des Trommelbodens 1a in den Wasserleitungsteil 8b eingebaut ist. Die notwendige Energiezufuhr erfolgt in nicht gezeichneter Weise im Bereich des Lagers für die Welle 3.The concrete mixer shown in FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that the pressure booster system 15 is not installed outside the drum 1 in the area of the pump 9, but inside the drum 1 in the area of the drum bottom 1a in the water line part 8b . The necessary energy is supplied in a manner not shown in the area of the bearing for the shaft 3.

Der Betonmischer nach Fig. 4 weist im Bereich des Trommelbodens 1a eine Druckerhöhungsanlage 15' auf, die jedoch nur den Wasserdruck erhöht, während im Bereich der Austrittsdüse 12 ein Pulsator 13 zusätzlich angeordnet ist.The concrete mixer according to FIG. 4 has a pressure booster system 15 'in the area of the drum base 1a, which, however, only increases the water pressure, while a pulsator 13 is additionally arranged in the area of the outlet nozzle 12.

Fig. 5 weist ebenfalls eine Druckerhöhungsanlage 15' im Bodenbereich der Trommel 1 auf, und einen im Wasserstrom danach angeordneten eigenen Pulsator 13. Bei dieser Ausführungsform des Mischers ist jedoch der Rohrabschnitt 11 mit Armen 16 versehen, die ihrerseits Austrittsdüsen 12 tragen. Da durch den Pulsator 13 aus den Austrittsdüsen 12 jeweils stossweiser Wasseraustritt erfolgt, bildet jeder der Arme 16 einen Vibrator für sich.5 also has a pressure booster system 15 'in the bottom region of the drum 1, and its own pulsator 13 arranged in the water flow thereafter. In this embodiment of the mixer, however, the pipe section 11 is provided with arms 16 which in turn carry outlet nozzles 12. Since the pulsator 13 exits the outlet nozzles 12 intermittently, each of the arms 16 forms a vibrator in itself.

Die Figuren 6 bis 8 zeigen Trommeln 1 ohne Abstützung und mit im wesentlichen in den vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen schon gezeigten Vibrator-Ausbildungen. Es werden daher weiterhin für die gleichen oder nahezu die gleichen Elemente auch die gleichen Bezugszeichen verwendet. Der wesentliche Unterschied dieser Ausführungsformen gegenüber den bereits geschilderten besteht darin, dass die Wasserzufuhrleitung 8 durch den Trommelboden 1a direkt in den Rohrabschnitt 11 mündet. Die Wasserzufuhrleitung 8 durchsetzt dabei den Trommelantrieb 17 und die hier hohle Welle 3', Vor dem Trommelantrieb ist in die Wasserzufuhrleitung 8 eine Drehkupplung 10 eingeschaltet. In Fig. 6 ist der Rohrabschnitt 11 in Fig. 1 mit einem Pulsator 13 unmittelbar vor der Austrittsdüse 12 ausgestattet. Zwischen dem Trommelboden 1a und dem Rohrabschnitt 11 erstreckt sich eine federnde Abstützung 14. Das Wasser wird mittels einer normalen Pumpe 9 zugeführt.FIGS. 6 to 8 show drums 1 without support and with vibrator designs which have already been shown essentially in the previous embodiments. The same reference numerals are therefore also used for the same or almost the same elements. The main difference between these embodiments and those already described The other is that the water supply line 8 opens directly into the tube section 11 through the drum base 1a. The water supply line 8 passes through the drum drive 17 and the hollow shaft 3 ′ here. Before the drum drive, a rotary coupling 10 is switched into the water supply line 8. In FIG. 6, the pipe section 11 in FIG. 1 is equipped with a pulsator 13 directly in front of the outlet nozzle 12. A resilient support 14 extends between the drum base 1 a and the pipe section 11. The water is supplied by means of a normal pump 9.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. bilden Arme 16, die vom Rohrabschnitt 11 ausgehen, die Vibratoren. Die Pumpe 9' liefert das zuzuführende Wasser bereits pulsierend.In the embodiment according to FIG. Arms 16, which extend from the tube section 11, form the vibrators. The pump 9 'delivers the water to be supplied already pulsating.

In Fig. 8 handelt es sich bei der Trommel 1' um eine Ausbildung für einen Freifallmischer. Ein weiterer Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform nach Fig. besteht darin, dass keine federnde Abstützung 14 vorhanden ist.In Fig. 8, the drum 1 'is a design for a free-fall mixer. Another difference from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is that there is no resilient support 14.

Die Figuren 9 und 10 zeigen in Draufsicht jeweils einen Teller 18 eines Tellermischers. Als Vibratoren dienen Rohrabschnitte 11 mit abgewinkelt angeordneten Austrittsdüsen 12 wie bei den vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen. Sie werden auf nicht gezeigte Weise mit pulsierend zugeführtem Anmachwasser versorgt und durch den Wasseraustritt zum Schwingen angeregt. Im Gegensatz zu den anderen Ausführungsformen sind die Rohrabschnitte 11 an einem zentralen zum Mischen antreibbaren Drehkörper 19 angebracht. In der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 9 sind mit den Rohrabschnitten 11 zusätzlich Mischwerkzeuge 20 verbunden. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 10 sind nur die Rohrabschnitte 11 am Drehkörper 19 gelagert.FIGS. 9 and 10 each show a plate 18 of a plate mixer in plan view. Pipe sections 11 with angled outlet nozzles 12 serve as vibrators, as in the previous embodiments. They are supplied with pulsed mixing water in a manner not shown and are stimulated to vibrate by the water outlet. In contrast to the other embodiments, the tube sections 11 are attached to a central rotating body 19 which can be driven for mixing. In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, mixing tools 20 are additionally connected to the pipe sections 11. In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, only the pipe sections 11 are mounted on the rotating body 19.

In den Figuren 11 und 12 sind den früheren Ausführungsformen weitgehend gleiche Trommeln 1 dargestellt.FIGS. 11 and 12 show the drums 1 which are largely the same as in the previous embodiments.

Alle gleichen oder gleichartigen Bauteile sind dementsprechend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Ein wesentlicher Unterschied besteht in der Art der Vibratoren und deren Antrieb: Einem am Trommelboden 1a elastisch gelagerten Rohrabschnitt 11' wird über die Wasserzufuhrleitung 8 in bereits geschilderter Weise mittels einer Pumpe 9 das Anmachwasser zugeführt. Der Rohrabschnitt 11' trägt an seinem dem Trommelboden fernen Ende ein Turbinengehäuse 21 mit einem Turbinenrad 22. Das Turbinenrad 22 ist mit einer Unwucht 23 verbunden. Das Anmachwasser treibt das Turbinenrad 22 zum Drehen an, wodurch die Unwucht 23 das Turbinengehäuse und damit den Rohrabschnitt 11 in Vibrationen versetzt. Das Anmachwasser verlässt das Turbinengehäuse 21 durch eine an diesem seitlich angeordnete Austrittsdüse 12.All the same or similar components are accordingly provided with the same reference numerals. There is an essential difference in the type of vibrators and their drive: A pipe section 11 ′ which is elastically mounted on the drum base 1 a is supplied with the mixing water via the water supply line 8 in the manner already described by means of a pump 9. The tube section 11 'carries at its end remote from the drum base a turbine housing 21 with a turbine wheel 22. The turbine wheel 22 is connected to an imbalance 23. The mixing water drives the turbine wheel 22 to rotate, as a result of which the unbalance 23 sets the turbine housing and thus the pipe section 11 in vibration. The mixing water leaves the turbine housing 21 through an outlet nozzle 12 arranged on the side thereof.

Claims (6)

1. Concrete mixer with a drum (1), in which mixing material comprising concrete components and mixing water, which can be introduced via a water supply line (8), can be mixed thoroughly by means of mixer elements (6), and with at least one vibrator (8; 11; 11'; 16) which can be driven in order to impart vibration energy to the mixing material, characterized in that the mixing water serves as a drive for the vibrator (11, 11', 16) and either is made to pulsate by means of a pump (9') operating in pulses or itself drives a pulsator (13) or a turbine (21, 22) interacting with a rotating unbalanced mass (23).
2. Mixer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the water supply means for the mixing water has a pipe section (8, 11, 11' and 16) serving completely or partially as a vibrator.
3. Mixer according to Claim 2, characterized in that a pump (9, 9', 15) increasing the water pressure is arranged in the pipe section (8, 11) of the water supply means.
4. Mixer according to Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the pipe section (8, 11, 11') of the water supply means can be connected to the mixing-drum bottom (1a) via a resilient oscillation- damping support (14).
5. Mixer according to at least one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the pipe section (11) of the water supply means is divided into several arms (16).
6. Mixer according to at least one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that mixer tools (20) are fastened to the pipe section (11) and/or to the arms (16).
EP83100300A 1982-01-15 1983-01-14 Concrete mixer with vibrator Expired EP0084359B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83100300T ATE26666T1 (en) 1982-01-15 1983-01-14 CONCRETE MIXER WITH VIBRATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3201162 1982-01-15
DE3201162A DE3201162C1 (en) 1982-01-15 1982-01-15 Concrete mixer with vibrator

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EP0084359A2 EP0084359A2 (en) 1983-07-27
EP0084359A3 EP0084359A3 (en) 1984-09-12
EP0084359B1 true EP0084359B1 (en) 1987-04-22

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DE3230912C1 (en) * 1982-08-19 1984-01-05 Hudelmaier, Ingrid, 7900 Ulm Concrete mixer with vibrator
DE3347310C1 (en) * 1983-12-28 1985-06-27 Hudelmaier, Gerhard, Dr., 7900 Ulm Ready-mix concrete mixer
EP0186457A3 (en) * 1984-12-20 1987-08-19 Monier Limited Turbine mixer
HU197523B (en) * 1986-04-30 1989-04-28 Eroemue Es Halozattervezoe Apparatus for wetting and simultaneous mixing dustlike and/or grainlike materials
DE3821934A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-04 Hudelmaier Ingrid Concrete mixer, in particular moving mixer
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RU2478474C2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2013-04-10 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Vibratory concrete mixer
RU2467871C2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2012-11-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Unit with toroidal working chamber for making mortars
RU2465131C2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2012-10-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Mortar preparation vibrator
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RU2467870C2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2012-11-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Unit with toroidal working chamber for making mortars
RU2457108C2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2012-07-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Concrete mixer
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RU2572535C1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" Machine for dye preparation
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3201162C1 (en) 1983-05-19
EP0084359A3 (en) 1984-09-12
ATE26666T1 (en) 1987-05-15
EP0084359A2 (en) 1983-07-27

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