EP0073589A1 - Boot mit Profilsegel - Google Patents

Boot mit Profilsegel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0073589A1
EP0073589A1 EP82304256A EP82304256A EP0073589A1 EP 0073589 A1 EP0073589 A1 EP 0073589A1 EP 82304256 A EP82304256 A EP 82304256A EP 82304256 A EP82304256 A EP 82304256A EP 0073589 A1 EP0073589 A1 EP 0073589A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wingsail
sail
assembly
rib
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82304256A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0073589B1 (de
Inventor
John Graham Walker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Walker Wingsail Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Walker Wingsail Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walker Wingsail Systems Ltd filed Critical Walker Wingsail Systems Ltd
Priority to AT82304256T priority Critical patent/ATE18747T1/de
Publication of EP0073589A1 publication Critical patent/EP0073589A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0073589B1 publication Critical patent/EP0073589B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails

Definitions

  • This invention concerns wingsail craft and particularly the mounting, construction and balancing of wingsails.
  • the axis of the trim bearing is usually arranged to pass through the narrow zone in which the centre of pressure of the sail is found in the normal working range.
  • this zone will lie approximately 35% back from the leading edge, while even in symmetrical sections it will be some 25% back from the leading edge.
  • Its vertical position is approximately at the half height for wingsails of rectilinear design, while simple geometrical constructions are commonly used to locate the zone vertically for wingsails of tapered or elliptical shape.
  • the leading element is the principle strength member.
  • Such a sailset may be balanced about a vertical or near vertical axis by a mass mounted on a boom and pivoted to the leading edge of the leading sailset section.
  • the actual construction of a wingsail or the various elements of a multiple element wingsail is important, in that weight and strength are of primary importance.
  • the invention is therefore also concerned with the actual construction of a wingsail and of the elements which make up a multiple element wingsail.
  • the bearing axis is arranged to pass through the centre of pressure zone and the shape and/or configuration and/or the angle of rake of the wingsail is selected so as to bring the region of principle strength directly over the bearing assembly by which the wingsail is mounted in the craft, so that the sail is attached to the bearing assembly at its point of maximum strenth.
  • a balancing mass is mounted on a boom attached to the wingsail assembly locating means, acting on opposite sides of the balancing mass, to locate the latter in an approximately horizontal plane.
  • the locating means may comprise a pair of wire stays, a mechanical linkage using a pushpull rod, or hydraulic means or the like, in which the final balance position is assured by a fixed or manually adjustable ratio system or by a servo loop which may include a computing link. Where a computer is incorporated the latter may be supplied with information relating to the sailing conditions and the craft to allow the computer to compute the optimum balance position.
  • a wing particularly a wingsail for wind ship propulsion, which is constructed in a conventional manner using spars and ribs which latter define the aerofoil section, and lie broadly in the direction of air flow
  • the ribs are constructed from moulded glass reinforced plastics (GRP) material.
  • each rib includes at least one side flange which substends over part of its length an angle which is greater than 90° to the remainder of the rib, to facilitate the removal of the rib from a mould, and the angle and said part of the rib, are selected so that the flange angle corresponds to the angle of rake of the edge of the sail with which it is to co-operate.
  • the flange angle reduces to 90° where it is to be attached to a spar or the like.
  • Figure 1 shows a sailing craft A having a wingsail B pivotally mounted in a bearing assembly C for rotation about an axis D.
  • the strong leading edge member, 3, shown cross hatched, is arranged, by correct choice of forward sweep angle, so that its lower end is located exactly over the position of the bearing assembly 4, whilst the axis 5 of the bearing 4 still passes through the centre of pressure zone 2.
  • the strong leading edge member is provided with a flange or other arrangement to mate with the shaft or other rotating element of the bearing assembly.
  • the second or other element of the aerofoil section shall contain the strong spar member.
  • Figure 3 shows a double element of such a wingsail configuration.
  • the leading element 1 is hinged to the trailing main strength element 2 by hinge assemblies 3.
  • the centre of pressure zone of this complex assembly is at 4, and as before, to minimize trimming work, the approximately vertical axis 5 of the bearing 6 is arranged to pass through this zone.
  • the main strength member of the wingsail is the leading edge 7 of the trailing element 2 shown cross hatched. This is now arranged so that its lower end falls into the best relationship for strong and reliable mating of the bearing assembly by raking the entire assembly aft as shown.
  • the design is arrived at by starting with the rectilinear design, positioning the centre of pressure zone on the bearing axis and then replacing the rectangle with a parallelogram of the same height and area, whose angle brings the base of the main spar conveniently over the bearing.
  • Figures 4,5 and 6 show a twin section sailset where 11 is the leading sail section and 12 is the trailing section, hinged to 11 along an axis 13.
  • the whole sailset is mounted to the vessel in this case via element 11 on a vertical or near vertical axis 14, about which the sail is trimmed to the wind.
  • the sailset is balanced about the axis 14 by a mass 15 mounted on a boom 16 pivoted to the leading edge of the leading section 11 at a pivot 17.
  • Figure 6 shows the opposite tack case.
  • the location of the balance weight in an approximately horizontal plane is acheived by a pair of wire stays, as shown in Figure 7.
  • a streamlined structure having two fins 18, 19 is rigidly fixed to the base of the leading section 11 of the sailset.
  • a pair of pulleys 20, 21 are carried by the fins around which wires 23 and 24 pass.
  • the wires are connected to the trailing section 12 at lugs 25, 26 and to the counterweight boom at lugs 27 and 28.
  • Spring elements 29,30 in the wires maintain wire tension.
  • Dotted lines 22 show the trailing section 12 fully deflected.
  • Figure 8 shows alternative versions of the lugs 25, 26.
  • the alternative lugs shown at 31 and 32 are slotted to allow fine adjustment of the balancing effect.
  • the pivot 13 between 11 and 12 could also be mounted on 33, but for reasons of bending moment optimisation is more likely to be mounted on separate hinge arms 34, working through clearance slots in 11.
  • Wires 35 and 36 are now connected at one end via lugs 27, 28 to the counterweight boom and at the other end to adjustable lugs 31, 32 on the leading section 11. The wires adjust the position of the counterweight to maintain balance.
  • bracing wires such as 23, 24 and 35, 36 are illustrated, the same action of broadly horizontal movement . of the counterweight may also be achieved by:
  • Figure 10 shows a simple form of moulding envisaged by the third aspect of the invention, in the form of an open tray section where the sides of the tray 39, 40 form the flanges of the rib.
  • mouldings should preferably be arranged with a draft angle greater than O as shown in Figure 11.
  • Such an angle can make the fixing of the skin of the aerofoil to the rib diffilcult to achieve.
  • the wing is parallelogram shaped, as shown in Figure 12 and 13 the draft angle may be utilised.
  • Figure 14 is a centre line section through a raked forward sail element such as is shown in Figure 12 where a leading edge member 41, a main spar 42 and a trailing edge 43 are connected by a typical leading edge rib 44 and a typical trailing edge rib 45.
  • the leading edge rib 44 is fitted with its flanges upwards, while the trailing edge rib 45 is fitted with its flanges downwards.
  • the draft angle of the mould is made equal to the desired forward rake angle at leading edge and trailing edge, but is gradually reduced to zero so that the flange of each rib is at 90° to the web in the immediate vicinity of the main spar 42.
  • leading edge rib elements will be fitted flange down and the trailing edge ribs will be fitted flange up.
  • each element has its own broadly aerofoil shaped section and main spar
  • the ribs will be fitted as described above in each individual element, as if it were a coomplete wing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
EP82304256A 1981-08-22 1982-08-12 Boot mit Profilsegel Expired EP0073589B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82304256T ATE18747T1 (de) 1981-08-22 1982-08-12 Boot mit profilsegel.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8125710 1981-08-22
GB8125707 1981-08-22
GB8125711 1981-08-22
GB8125707 1981-08-22
GB8125711 1981-08-22
GB8125710 1981-08-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0073589A1 true EP0073589A1 (de) 1983-03-09
EP0073589B1 EP0073589B1 (de) 1986-03-26

Family

ID=27261277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82304256A Expired EP0073589B1 (de) 1981-08-22 1982-08-12 Boot mit Profilsegel

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0073589B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0631069B2 (de)
KR (1) KR840001087A (de)
AU (1) AU560143B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1185487A (de)
DE (3) DE3270117D1 (de)
ES (1) ES275247Y (de)
FI (1) FI77420C (de)
PT (1) PT75448B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001089923A1 (es) * 2000-05-24 2001-11-29 Mariano Perez Martinez Vela rígida articulada de perfil aerodinámico
US6732670B2 (en) 2000-06-13 2004-05-11 William Richards Rayner Sailing craft
CN115243971A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2022-10-25 Ba技术有限公司 推进器

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB198649A (en) * 1922-06-02 1924-05-01 Inst Voor Aero En Hydro Dynami Improvements in sailing ships
DE398826C (de) * 1922-09-26 1924-07-15 Anton Flettner Anordnung fuer Segel
GB568209A (en) * 1943-07-19 1945-03-23 Nicholas Henri Meyne Improvements in sails and rigging of sailing craft
GB623036A (en) * 1946-08-06 1949-05-11 Catherine Maude Lightfoot Improvements in sails for sailing boats and the like
GB680553A (en) * 1949-10-11 1952-10-08 Thomas Garner James Improvements in or relating to sails for ship propulsion
GB1316659A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-05-09 Banks B B Sail battens
GB1375192A (de) * 1971-01-08 1974-11-27

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB198649A (en) * 1922-06-02 1924-05-01 Inst Voor Aero En Hydro Dynami Improvements in sailing ships
DE398826C (de) * 1922-09-26 1924-07-15 Anton Flettner Anordnung fuer Segel
GB568209A (en) * 1943-07-19 1945-03-23 Nicholas Henri Meyne Improvements in sails and rigging of sailing craft
GB623036A (en) * 1946-08-06 1949-05-11 Catherine Maude Lightfoot Improvements in sails for sailing boats and the like
GB680553A (en) * 1949-10-11 1952-10-08 Thomas Garner James Improvements in or relating to sails for ship propulsion
GB1316659A (en) * 1970-12-29 1973-05-09 Banks B B Sail battens
GB1375192A (de) * 1971-01-08 1974-11-27

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001089923A1 (es) * 2000-05-24 2001-11-29 Mariano Perez Martinez Vela rígida articulada de perfil aerodinámico
US6732670B2 (en) 2000-06-13 2004-05-11 William Richards Rayner Sailing craft
CN115243971A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2022-10-25 Ba技术有限公司 推进器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8714982A (en) 1983-03-03
EP0073589B1 (de) 1986-03-26
ES275247U (es) 1984-08-01
DE3270117D1 (en) 1986-04-30
KR840001087A (ko) 1984-03-28
FI822833L (fi) 1983-02-23
FI822833A0 (fi) 1982-08-16
FI77420C (fi) 1989-03-10
FI77420B (fi) 1988-11-30
PT75448B (en) 1984-08-20
JPH02162191A (ja) 1990-06-21
PT75448A (en) 1982-09-01
AU560143B2 (en) 1987-04-02
DE8223561U1 (de) 1984-03-22
CA1185487A (en) 1985-04-16
JPH0631069B2 (ja) 1994-04-27
DE8237177U1 (de) 1984-04-12
ES275247Y (es) 1985-12-01

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