EP0070423B1 - Refroidissement d'un moteur électrique entraînant un ventilateur axial - Google Patents

Refroidissement d'un moteur électrique entraînant un ventilateur axial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070423B1
EP0070423B1 EP82105739A EP82105739A EP0070423B1 EP 0070423 B1 EP0070423 B1 EP 0070423B1 EP 82105739 A EP82105739 A EP 82105739A EP 82105739 A EP82105739 A EP 82105739A EP 0070423 B1 EP0070423 B1 EP 0070423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hub cover
axial
hub
recesses
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82105739A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0070423A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Laub
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maico Elektroapparate Fabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Maico Elektroapparate Fabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maico Elektroapparate Fabrik GmbH filed Critical Maico Elektroapparate Fabrik GmbH
Priority to AT82105739T priority Critical patent/ATE14607T1/de
Publication of EP0070423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070423A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070423B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/12—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit being adapted for mounting in apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axial fan according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cup-shaped hub of the impeller is used in axial fans of this type in order to achieve the shortest possible axial length without, as is also known, an electric motor with an external rotor on which the blades are arranged required, since external rotor motors are structurally complex and also relative need large air gaps that reduce efficiency.
  • the electric motor can be a conventional, axially short motor with a rotor arranged inside the stator (inner rotor). It is disadvantageous, however, that the cooling of the motor is relatively poor due to the cup-shaped hub of the impeller encompassing the largest part of the electric motor housing, especially when the motor is arranged inside an outer housing of a wall or window fan. Poor cooling means high engine operating temperature and thus reduces the permissible engine power for a given engine volume and / or prohibits the use of such axial fans at higher ambient temperatures, such as occur in tropical countries.
  • an axial fan is known (GB-A-1 060 926), in which radial ventilation slots are arranged in the front end face of the hub, wherein the electric motor housing is flowed through by cooling air, in that axial cooling air openings are arranged in its two bearing plates, so that the cooling air flow flows through the electric motor housing from the rear bearing plate to the front bearing plate and then flows out through the ventilation slots in the end face of the hub.
  • axial fans often convey air that contains a considerable amount of dirt particles and the like, they can be deposited to a considerable extent inside the motor housing on the stator and rotor due to the large cooling air throughput, and over time both the cooling of the electric motor and its running behavior affect.
  • An axial fan is known (NL-C-77 369), which has a tapered hub opposite the front end of the motor housing, on which narrow blades are arranged. At the rear end of the motor housing facing away from the hub there are inlet openings for the cooling air, which therefore also flows through the electric motor housing and only then flows into the hub.
  • this cooling air is given a centrifugal effect by ribs, which allows it to emerge through short, arc-shaped indentations at the rear end of the hub.
  • the electric motor can be cooled by the cooling air flow flowing through the hub shell.
  • the indentations of the hub shell in the axial fan according to the invention thus improve the external cooling of the electric motor, which, if the electric motor is not modified, results in a lowering of its operating temperature and / or the motor power can be increased with unchanged housing dimensions. It also shows in an investigated window axial fan that its efficiency was also increased by the measure according to the invention.
  • the indentations of the hub extend between the bases of the wing blades. It has proven to be particularly expedient if the axial depth of the indentations is approximately 0.1 to 0.25 times the axial length of the impeller hub, preferably approximately 0.17 to 0.21 times the axial hub length.
  • the indentations can have different shapes and different numbers of indentations can be provided.
  • the number of indentations corresponds to the number of blades of the impeller.
  • the edges of the indentations are approximately circular in shape.
  • the axial length of the axial ventilation slots beginning at the end face or in the vicinity of the end face of the hub can expediently be several times greater than the axial depth of the axial indentations.
  • the number of these axial Ventilation slots can preferably correspond to the number of indentations.
  • These axial ventilation slots can preferably extend over at least half the axial length of the hub shell, preferably about 0.5 to 0.7 times the axial length of the hub shell.
  • the width of the axial ventilation slots can be relatively small. If their number corresponds to the number of vane blades, the width of the individual axial ventilation slot can preferably suitably correspond approximately to 0.02 to 0.03 times the circumference of the impeller shell.
  • the axial fan 10 according to FIG. 1, which is designed as a window fan, has an outer housing 11, on the suction side of which pivotable closure slats 12 for opening and shutting off and on the air outlet side of which an air passage grille 13 are arranged.
  • an electric motor 14 with an inner rotor is arranged in the center, the motor housing 15 of which is axially fastened to a motor holder 52 by means of bolts 16 and on the motor shaft of which is directed towards the air outlet grille 13, an impeller 17 with a cup-shaped hub 19 is fastened, which in this exemplary embodiment is five Has blades 21, which are designed identically among themselves and are arranged at equal intervals over the circumference of the hub shell 20.
  • the hub shell 20 extends axially from the flat, closed end face 23 of the hub 19 to the vicinity of the rear end face of the motor housing 15, in this exemplary embodiment over approximately 0.85 times the length of the motor housing.
  • the hub shell 20 encompasses the motor housing 15 to form an annular gap 24 at a distance, which annular gap 24 is used for the cooling air serving to flow through the engine cooling, the open, five indentations 22 (FIGS. 3, 4) with circular edges having an open, rear end face the hub 19 flows in and leaves this annular gap through a total of five axial ventilation slots 25 of the hub shell 20, which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the motor.
  • the bases (feet) 26 of the wing blades 21 run according to FIG. 3 (where one of the wing blades 21 is shown and the remaining wing blades are omitted for simplicity in FIG. 3) obliquely to the geometrical surface lines of the hub shell 20 crossing them and this base 26 of the 3 extends from the point 27 to the point 28, so that this base 26 extends almost over the axial length of the hub shell 20.
  • the number of indentations 22 corresponds to the number of wing blades 21 and each indentation 22 projects between the bases 26 of two adjacent wing blades 21.
  • the axial depth (measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the motor) of each indentation 22 in this exemplary embodiment corresponds approximately to 0.19 times the axial length of the hub shell 20, the longitudinal central axis of each indentation 22 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hub passing through the center of the base 26 of the hub 19 in the axial direction
  • Adjacent wing blade 21 passes through and the central angle with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the hub 19, over which each indentation 22 extends, corresponds approximately to the central angle over which the base 26 of the axially arranged upstream blade leaf 21 extends, so that the indentations 22 are at short intervals are arranged from each other.
  • the number of ventilation slots 25 corresponds to the number of indentations 22.
  • the longitudinal central axes of the ventilation slots 25 are angularly offset from the longitudinal central axes of the indentations 22, specifically by about a third of the central angle of the individual indentation 22.
  • These ventilation slots 25 can also be referred to as longitudinal slots.
  • the width of the ventilation slots 25 beginning at the end disk 23 of the hub 19 is approximately 0.026 times the circumference of the hub shell 20 per slot.
  • the indentations 22 improve the cooling of the electric motor. It can be assumed that they increase the cooling air flow and also increase its turbulence. Comparative measurements on the axial fan shown in the exemplary embodiment, in which the impeller initially did not yet have the indentations of the hub shell and then these indentations were milled and the same measurements were carried out, showed that the motor temperature with free blowing out by about 6 K and with blowing out against one the wall opposite the grid 13 at a smaller distance dropped by approx. 19 K.
  • the open end face of the hub 19 is located opposite a tubular connecting piece 50 of the motor mount 52 at an axial distance of a few millimeters, so that here a front end of the hub shell 20 which is limited by the connecting piece 50 and the indentations 22
  • This connecting piece 50 is necessary for stiffening the annular disk 54 carried by radial webs 53, the circumference of which it strives for, since the motor 14 is fastened to this annular disk 54 by means of the bolts 16.
  • the rear bearing plate 51 projects into this connection piece 50 of the motor housing 15 up to close to the ring disk 54, the connector 50 encompassing this end shield 51 at a distance. Cooling air can also flow to the gap 24 through the space between the bearing plate 51 and the motor mount consisting of the annular disk 54 and the nozzle 50.
  • the axial distance of the hub shell 20 from the socket 50 can preferably max. 8 mm, in particular 1 to 5 mm. The smaller it is, the shorter the axial length of the fan 10, so that the indentations 22 also enable reductions in this axial distance and thus a reduction in the axial length of the fan by improving the engine cooling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Ventilateur axial, de préférence ventilateur de fenêtre ou de mur, comportant un moteur électrique (14) dont l'axe porte coaxialement un moyeu (19) en forme de pot d'un rotor à aubes (17) dont l'enveloppe de moyeu (20) entoure le carter (15) du moteur électrique en formant à une certaine distance un intervalle annulaire (24) susceptible d'être balayagé par l'air de refroidissement, l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu s'étendant sur au moins environ 0,7 fois et de préférence à peu près 0,8 jusqu'à 0,9 fois la longueur du carter (15) du moteur électrique, et en outre à la périphérie de l'enveloppe du moteur sont prévues des aubes (21) dont les bases s'étendent pratiquement sur la longueur de l'enveloppe du moyeu suivant une direction inclinée par rapport aux lignes géométriques qui se coupent de l'enveloppe du moyeu et en outre des fentes d'aération (25), axiales sont prévues dans l'enveloppe de moyeu, fentes qui s'étendent à partir du disque frontal (23) du moyeu ou à proximité de ce disque frontal, entre les bases des aubes (21) et se terminent à une certaine distance de l'extrémité arrière de l'enveloppe du moyeu, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité frontale arrière de l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu est munie de cavités axiales (22) servant à améliorer l'entrée de l'air de refroidissement.
2. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les bords des cavités (22) de l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu ont un tracé sensiblement en forme d'arc de cercle.
3. Ventilateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur axiale des cavités (22) correspond à environ 0,1 jusqu'à 0,25 fois et de préférence environ 0,17 jusqu'à 0,21 fois la longueur axiale de l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu.
4. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (22) s'étendent entre les bases (26) des aubes (21) du rotor (17).
5. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des cavités (22) de l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu correspond au nombre des aubes (21), et de préférence l'axe longitudinal des différentes cavités (22) passe par le milieu de la base de l'aube (21) qui la précède axialement.
6. Ventilateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (22) se terminent à une distance axiale en avant de la ligne périphérique de l'enveloppe de moyeu, distance qui est déterminée par les extrémités arrière des fentes d'aération (25) et en ce que les lignes médianes longitudinales des fentes d'aération (25) sont décalées angulaire- ment par rapport aux lignes médianes longitudinales des cavités (22).
7. Ventilateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la largeur des fentes d'aération axiales (25) correspond environ à 0,02 jusqu'à 0,03 fois la périphérie de l'enveloppe du moyeu et en outre le nombre de fentes d'aération axiales (25) correspond au nombre de cavités (22).
8. Ventilateur selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la longueur des fentes d'aération (25) correspond sensiblement à 0,5 jusqu'à 0,7 fois la longueur axiale de l'enveloppe (20) du moyeu.
EP82105739A 1981-07-11 1982-06-29 Refroidissement d'un moteur électrique entraînant un ventilateur axial Expired EP0070423B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82105739T ATE14607T1 (de) 1981-07-11 1982-06-29 Elektromotorkuehlung eines axialventilators.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3127518 1981-07-11
DE19813127518 DE3127518A1 (de) 1981-07-11 1981-07-11 Axialventilator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070423A1 EP0070423A1 (fr) 1983-01-26
EP0070423B1 true EP0070423B1 (fr) 1985-07-31

Family

ID=6136734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105739A Expired EP0070423B1 (fr) 1981-07-11 1982-06-29 Refroidissement d'un moteur électrique entraînant un ventilateur axial

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070423B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE14607T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3127518A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0452518B1 (fr) * 1990-03-22 1993-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de refroidissement comprenant un ventilateur axial entraîné par un moteur électrique, utilisé en particulier dans un véhicule automobile
US5967764A (en) * 1997-08-08 1999-10-19 Bosch Automotive Systems Corporation Axial fan with self-cooled motor
US6074181A (en) * 1998-07-09 2000-06-13 Ff Seeley Nominees Pty. Ltd. Shroud for fan motor cooling
DE102009055609A1 (de) 2009-11-25 2011-05-26 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Lüfter für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102010028099A1 (de) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Axiallüfter
DE102017203731A1 (de) 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Mahle International Gmbh Lüfter mit Motorhalter und Lüfterrad

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB813062A (en) * 1956-07-13 1959-05-06 Gunnar Frederik Byrn Ventilating fan
FR1376180A (fr) * 1962-12-21 1964-10-23 Electrolux Ab Dispositif de refroidissement pour un agrégat moteur électrique-ventilateur et ensemble pourvu dudit dispositif
FR1433722A (fr) * 1965-04-23 1966-04-01 Rotron Mfg Company Ventilateur à moteur incorporé
US3303995A (en) * 1964-09-08 1967-02-14 Rotron Mfg Co Fan motor cooling arrangement
US3385516A (en) * 1966-03-31 1968-05-28 Gen Electric Fan construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0070423A1 (fr) 1983-01-26
DE3127518A1 (de) 1983-01-27
DE3127518C2 (fr) 1989-12-14
ATE14607T1 (de) 1985-08-15

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