EP0069026A1 - Method for the extrusion characteristics of aluminium alloys of the Al-Mg-Si-type - Google Patents

Method for the extrusion characteristics of aluminium alloys of the Al-Mg-Si-type Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0069026A1
EP0069026A1 EP82420063A EP82420063A EP0069026A1 EP 0069026 A1 EP0069026 A1 EP 0069026A1 EP 82420063 A EP82420063 A EP 82420063A EP 82420063 A EP82420063 A EP 82420063A EP 0069026 A1 EP0069026 A1 EP 0069026A1
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Prior art keywords
boron
alloys
alloy
ppm
waste
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0069026B1 (en
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Daniel Marchive
Theodore Eckert, Jr.
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Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
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Cegedur Societe de Transformation de lAluminium Pechiney SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods for improving the formability, and particularly the spinnability and drawability of alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type. It also relates to new formable Al-Mg-Si alloys, containing higher contents of elements which have hitherto been considered as impurities, such as iron, and to a lesser degree, copper and manganese.
  • the methods and alloys of this invention involve the use of boron.
  • This conventional solution prevents the implementation of the economic and energy saving advantages of the waste.
  • Another conventional solution is to restrict the waste used for casting to that having essentially the same composition as the alloy to be obtained in the billet. This conventional solution is less than satisfactory, because it limits the choice of waste, requires sorting of waste, and does not always prevent spinning difficulties.
  • Formability issues are not just about alloys composed partially or entirely from waste.
  • two common spinning alloys are types 6060 and 6063 (Aluminum Association, Inc. Washington DC), in which the iron limits are 0.30% and 0.35%, and the limits in copper and manganese are each 0.10% in both cases.
  • the optimal iron content is kept below 0.25%, i.e. approximately 1/5 to 1/4 below the limits authorized in the specifications, if difficulties wiring should be avoided.
  • the presence of an informal impurity limitation such as this has drawbacks and is costly, both for supplies and for processing work.
  • the US patents of Bonsack 1,920,963 and 1,921,998 teach an inexpensive and simple process or method for treating aluminum and aluminum alloys to introduce boron therein.
  • the objective of such a treatment was to refine the grain, with a procedure hitherto complicated, difficult and expensive.
  • the fine grain resulting from the Bonsack processing method or any other method results in improved properties for casting, forging, rolling, drawing, spinning, welding etc ...
  • fine grain results in improved physical and mechanical properties and reduces intolerance to impurities .
  • the present invention as will be apparent from the following discussion, teaches alloys incorporating and requiring boron at concentrations greater than those necessary for grain refining, regardless of the methods or processes used to introduce boron into the casting.
  • Bonsack is concerned with the composition of the alloy only, in that it relates to the alkaline and alkaline earth elements necessary for the effective acceleration of the reactions: of its treatment.
  • the present invention does not involve the elements of the composition for this purpose.
  • the invention methods have been found to attenuate the difficulties of forming aluminum alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type by virtue of the addition of boron to the casting bath.
  • the molten metal is cast into a billet for spinning.
  • the molten metal is cast into a tray which is rolled into strips, and the strip is subjected to the drawing and drawing operations for the 'obtaining boxes.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the production of spinning alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type from waste by the incorporation of boron.
  • the waste can constitute a part (preferably more than 20%) or even the whole of the foundry charge.
  • Different types of waste can be mixed to make up the composition of the alloy to be produced.
  • scrap old and new aluminum sheet can be used to make boron-containing spinning alloys which resemble types 6060 and 6063 in composition and spinnability, but which have higher levels of impurities (iron , copper, manganese) than those that can be tolerated in these types of alloys.
  • an additional aspect of the invention relates to the forming of rough can alloys produced from new metal scrap or mixtures, using boron to produce alloys with drawing and drawing properties. improved.
  • the impurity contents can reach the following values (% by weight): 0.05 ⁇ Mn ⁇ 0.3; 0.1 ⁇ Cu ⁇ 0.3; 0.3 ⁇ Fe ⁇ 0.7.
  • the spinning alloy a new family of alloys is obtained, each alloy resembles a conventional Al-Mg-Si alloy by its composition and by its performance, but with noted limits. for impurities known to interfere with performance, particularly iron, and to a lesser degree copper and manganese.
  • the spinning alloys thus supplied include boron enhanced versions of types 6060, 6061, 6063, 6351 and the like.
  • boron is added to aluminum in amounts ranging from 20 to 150 parts per million (ppm) in addition to the amounts of boron used for grain control according to the usual practice (usually in combination with titanium).
  • ppm parts per million
  • alloys rich in impurities, in particular iron, and to a lesser extent in Cu and Mn do not spin well, even if they have received an addition of B + Ti for the refining of the grain according to prior art. It is only when the B content is higher than that required for grain refining, in alloys with high levels of impurities, that the results in accordance with the present invention are obtained.
  • the boron content is between 20 and 80 ppm, and optionally between 30 and 50 ppm.
  • Below 20 ppm of boron there is practically no improvement in spinability or surface quality; beyond 150 ppm, no further improvement in the spinnability or the surface condition is observed, and the risks of a prohibitive increase in the wear of the dies or other tools increase; moreover, the surface of the products becomes difficult to polish and the possibility of appearance of defects during anodization is increased.
  • the initial charge preferably contains more than 20% of waste other than A-GS (6060 or 6063).
  • the billets can be spun under the usual conditions, and the products obtained have a beautiful surface condition, while retaining the usual mechanical characteristics.
  • Boron is preferably introduced into the molten bath before degassing, in the form of an aluminum-boron mother alloy.
  • the amount of waste that can be incorporated into the load can be up to 100%.
  • compositions were cast with 100% offcuts (by weight):
  • the alloy. 3004 according to the Aluminum Association is an alloy usable for the. manufacture of drink boxes. His analysis is as follows (by weight): Rest: aluminum
  • the castings were transformed into sheets according to the usual practice, the final thickness being 0.42 mm in the H19 state.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving productivity by mitigating the factors which impede the formability of the alloys in sheet form.
  • the invention achieves its objectives of improving the spinnability and formability characteristics of alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type, and the improvement of such alloys in a simple and effective manner , and allows producers to use a high proportion of low quality scrap for the production of high quality alloys, with consequent energy savings and better productivity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method of producing an Al-Mg-Si alloy containing at least the following minor elements : Cu, Fe and Mn, which is highly deformable in the hot and in the cold conditions, without having recourse to gaseous-process refining, characterised by melting a charge containing at least Al, Mg, Si and the following elements (in percent by weight) : 0.1 =< Cu =< 0.3 0.3 =< Fe =< 0.7 0.05 =< Mn and by incorporating in the bath an amount of boron ranging from 20 to 150 ppm (by weight) over and above the amount of boron present if required for refining the grain.

Description

Cette invention concerne les méthodes d'amélioration de la formabilité, et particulièrement de la filabilité et de l'emboutissabilité des alliages du type Al-Mg-Si. Elle concerne en outre de nouveaux alliages Al-Mg-Si formables, contenant des teneurs plus élevées en éléments qui ont été considérés jusqu'ici comme des impuretés, tels que le fer, et à un degré moindre, le cuivre et le manganèse. Les méthodes et alliages de cette invention mettent en jeu l'utilisation du bore.This invention relates to methods for improving the formability, and particularly the spinnability and drawability of alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type. It also relates to new formable Al-Mg-Si alloys, containing higher contents of elements which have hitherto been considered as impurities, such as iron, and to a lesser degree, copper and manganese. The methods and alloys of this invention involve the use of boron.

Des changements récents dans les conditions économiques de l'usage de l'énergie ont rendu beaucoup plus souhaitable le recyclage des déchets en aluminium, car la production d'aluminium à partir de déchets consomme beaucoup moins d'énergie que la production à partir du minerai brut. En dépit de l'attrait économique du recyclage des déchets, les essais d'utilisation de proportions importantes de déchets dans la production des alliages de filage du type Al-Mg-Si, ont été gênés par une chute significative, et inacceptable, de la filabilité de tels alliages, lorsque le: niveau des impuretés (y compris le fer, le cuivre et le manganèse) augmente. Comme il est forcé que les déchets contiennent plus d'impuretés que le métal vierge, une manière classique d'éviter le manque de filabilité a été d'utiliser une proportion plus faible de déchets dans la coulée pour faire des billettes de filage, et une proportion plus élevée de métal vierge, en allant même jusqu'à l'élimination totale des déchets. Cette solution classique empêche la mise en oeuvre des avantages économiques et d'économie d'énergie des déchets. Une autre solution conventionnelle est de res- treindre les déchets utilisés pour la coulée à ceux ayant essentiellement la même composition que l'alliage à obtenir dans la billette. Cette solution conventionnelle est moins que satisfaisante, car elle limite-le choix des déchets, impose le tri des déchets, et ne prévient pas toujours les difficultés de filage.Recent changes in the economic conditions of energy use have made recycling aluminum waste much more desirable, since producing aluminum from waste consumes much less energy than producing it from ore. gross. Despite the economic attractiveness of waste recycling, attempts to use large proportions of waste in the production of spinning alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type have been hampered by a significant and unacceptable drop in the spinability of such alloys when the level of impurities (including iron, copper and manganese) increases. As it is forced that the waste contains more impurities than the virgin metal, a conventional way to avoid the lack of spinability has been to use a lower proportion of waste in the casting to make spinning billets, and a higher proportion of virgin metal, even going so far as to completely eliminate waste. This conventional solution prevents the implementation of the economic and energy saving advantages of the waste. Another conventional solution is to restrict the waste used for casting to that having essentially the same composition as the alloy to be obtained in the billet. This conventional solution is less than satisfactory, because it limits the choice of waste, requires sorting of waste, and does not always prevent spinning difficulties.

Les problèmes de formabilité ne concernent pas uniquement les alliages composés partiellement ou entièrement à partir de déchets. Par exemple, deux alliages de filage courants sont les types 6060 et 6063 (Aluminium Association, Inc. Washington D.C.), dans lesquels les teneurs limites en fer sont respectivement 0,30% et 0,35%, et les limites en cuivre et en manganèse sont chacune 0,10% dans les deux cas. L'expérience a montré cependant que la teneur en fer optimale est tenue en-dessous de 0,25% c'est-à-dire environ 1/5 à 1/4 en-dessous des limites autorisées dans les spécifications, si des difficultés de filage doivent être évitées. La présence d'une limitation d'impureté informelle telle que celle-ci a des inconvénients et est coûteuse, à la fois pour les approvisionnements et pour les travaux de transformation.Formability issues are not just about alloys composed partially or entirely from waste. For example, two common spinning alloys are types 6060 and 6063 (Aluminum Association, Inc. Washington DC), in which the iron limits are 0.30% and 0.35%, and the limits in copper and manganese are each 0.10% in both cases. Experience has shown, however, that the optimal iron content is kept below 0.25%, i.e. approximately 1/5 to 1/4 below the limits authorized in the specifications, if difficulties wiring should be avoided. The presence of an informal impurity limitation such as this has drawbacks and is costly, both for supplies and for processing work.

Dans le formage par filage, la nature des problèmes qu'on peut rattacher au niveau d'impuretés concerne l'état de surface, ou la nécessité de réduire la vitesse d'extrusion pour sauvegarder l'état de surface- Les détériorations de l'état de surface semblent résulter de l'accumulation de métal ou d'oxyde métallique sur les surfaces de travail de la filière, accumulation qui ralentit le filage et rend la surface: du profilé rugueuse. Dans les opérations d'emboutissage et d'étirage, telles qu'elles sont mises en jeu dans la fabrication des boites, un problème de formabilité souvent rencontré est la déchirure.In spinning forming, the nature of the problems that can be related to the level of impurities concerns the surface condition, or the need to reduce the extrusion speed to save the surface condition. surface finish seems to result from the accumulation of metal or metal oxide on the work surfaces of the die, an accumulation which slows the spinning and makes the surface: of the profile rough. In stamping and drawing operations, such as they are involved in the manufacture of boxes, a formability problem often encountered is tearing.

Le bore a été utilisé. dans les alliages d'aluminium dans le passé. Le brevet US 1.916.087 de Titus, divulgue des alliages à teneur en bore allant de 0,05 à 2,0%, c'est-à-dire 500 à 20 000 ppm, beaucoup plus qu'il, n'est employé dans la présente invention, comme il sera mis en évidence dans la discussion qui suit. Le but qu'avait Titus en employant le bore était d'augmenter la dureté, la conductivité et la résistance à la corrosion.Boron was used. in aluminum alloys in the past. US Patent 1,916,087 to Titus discloses alloys with a boron content ranging from 0.05 to 2.0%, i.e. 500 to 20,000 ppm, much more than it is used in the present invention, as will be demonstrated in the following discussion. The goal of Titus in using boron was to increase hardness, conductivity and resistance to corrosion.

Les brevets américains de Bonsack 1.920.963 et 1.921.998 enseignent un procédé non coûteux et simple ou méthode pour traiter l'aluminium et les alliages d'aluminium pour y introduire du bore. L'objectif d'un tel traitement était d'affiner le grain, avec une procédure jusqu'à présent compliquée, difficile et coûteuse. Le grain fin résultant de la méthode de traitement de Bonsack ou de toute autre méthode entraîne des propriétés améliorées pour la coulée, le forgea- ge, le laminage, l'étirage, le filage, le soudage etc... En outre, un grain fin entraîne des propriétés physiques et mécaniques améliorées et réduit l'intolérance aux impuretés. La présente invention, comme il sera dégagé dans la discussion qui suit, enseigne des alliages incorporant et nécessitant du bore à des concentrations supérieures à celles nécessaires pour l'affinage du grain, indépendamment des méthodes ou procédés utilisés pour introduire le bore dans la coulée.The US patents of Bonsack 1,920,963 and 1,921,998 teach an inexpensive and simple process or method for treating aluminum and aluminum alloys to introduce boron therein. The objective of such a treatment was to refine the grain, with a procedure hitherto complicated, difficult and expensive. The fine grain resulting from the Bonsack processing method or any other method results in improved properties for casting, forging, rolling, drawing, spinning, welding etc ... In addition, fine grain results in improved physical and mechanical properties and reduces intolerance to impurities . The present invention, as will be apparent from the following discussion, teaches alloys incorporating and requiring boron at concentrations greater than those necessary for grain refining, regardless of the methods or processes used to introduce boron into the casting.

Bonsack est préoccupé de la composition de l'alliage seulement, en ce qu'elle se rapporte aux éléments alcalins et alcalino-terreux nécessaires pour l'accélération effectïve des réactions: de son traitement. La présente invention ne met pas en jeu les éléments de la composition pour ce but.Bonsack is concerned with the composition of the alloy only, in that it relates to the alkaline and alkaline earth elements necessary for the effective acceleration of the reactions: of its treatment. The present invention does not involve the elements of the composition for this purpose.

Le brevet US 3.676.111 de Weiser enseigne l'utilisation du bore en association avec le titane comme affineur de grain. Il peut être noté que l'utilisation du bore pour l'affinage du grain implique la plupart du temps son utilisation en association avec le titane.US patent 3,676,111 to Weiser teaches the use of boron in combination with titanium as a grain refiner. It can be noted that the use of boron for refining the grain most of the time involves its use in combination with titanium.

Le brevet US 3.198.625 de Stroup apprend l'utilisation du bore pour former des précipités d'aluminium contenant du bore pour l'extraction des impuretés des nuances extrêmement pures d'aluminium.US Patent 3,198,625 to Stroup teaches the use of boron to form aluminum precipitates containing boron for the extraction of impurities from extremely pure shades of aluminum.

A l'autre extrémité du spectre, le brevet US 3.262.762 de Bechtold enseigne l'utilisation de quantités importantes de bore en association avec l'aluminium pour former des pièces frittées à haute tempé- rature.At the other end of the spectrum, U.S. Patent 3,262,762 Bechtold teaches the use of substantial amounts of boron in combination with aluminum to form sintered parts at high tem p e rature.

Selon l'invention, on a trouvé des méthodes pour atténuer les difficultés de formagé des alliages d'aluminium du type Al-Mg-Si grâce à l'addition de bore au bain de coulée. Dans le cas des alliages de filage des types 6060 et 6063 ou de types voisins, le métal fondu est coulé en une billette pour filage. Dans le cas d'une ébauche pour boîtes, tels qu'avec l'alliage type 3004, le métal fondu est coulé en un plateau qui est laminé en bande, et la bande est soumise aux opérations d'emboutissage et d'étirage pour l'obtention de boîtes. Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne, la production d'alliages de filage du type Al-Mg-Si à partir de déchets par l'incorporation de bore. Les déchets peuvent constituer une partie (de préférence plus de 20 %) ou même la totalité de la charge de fonderie. Différents types de déchets peuvent être mélangés pour réaliser la composition de l'alliage qui doit être produit. Par exemple, des déchets de tôles d'aluminium anciennes et neuves peuvent être utilisés pour fabriquer des alliages de filage contenant du bore qui ressemblent aux types 6060 et 6063 par la composition et la filabilité, mais qui ont des teneurs plus élevées en impuretés (fer, cuivre, manganèse) que celles pouvant être tolérées dans ces types d'alliages.According to the invention, methods have been found to attenuate the difficulties of forming aluminum alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type by virtue of the addition of boron to the casting bath. In the case of spinning alloys of types 6060 and 6063 or of neighboring types, the molten metal is cast into a billet for spinning. In the case of a blank for boxes, such as with the alloy type 3004, the molten metal is cast into a tray which is rolled into strips, and the strip is subjected to the drawing and drawing operations for the 'obtaining boxes. Another aspect of the invention relates to the production of spinning alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type from waste by the incorporation of boron. The waste can constitute a part (preferably more than 20%) or even the whole of the foundry charge. Different types of waste can be mixed to make up the composition of the alloy to be produced. For example, scrap old and new aluminum sheet can be used to make boron-containing spinning alloys which resemble types 6060 and 6063 in composition and spinnability, but which have higher levels of impurities (iron , copper, manganese) than those that can be tolerated in these types of alloys.

De façon similaire, un aspect additionnel de l'invention concerne le formage d'alliages ébauches de boîtes produits à partir de déchets de métaux neufs ou de mélanges, par utilisation de bore pour produire des alliages avec des propriétés d'emboutissage et d'étirage améliorées.Similarly, an additional aspect of the invention relates to the forming of rough can alloys produced from new metal scrap or mixtures, using boron to produce alloys with drawing and drawing properties. improved.

Les teneurs en impuretés peuvent atteindre les valeurs suivantes (% en poids) : 0,05 ≤ Mn ≤ 0,3 ; 0,1 ≤ Cu ≤ 0,3 ; 0,3 ≤ Fe ≤ 0,7. En accord avec l'aspect "alliage de filage" de l'invention, une nouvelle famille d'alliages est obtenue, chaque alliage ressemble à un alliage classique Al-Mg-Si par sa composition et par ses performances, mais avec des limites relevées pour les impuretés connues comme gênant les performances, particulièrement le fer, et à un degré moindre le cuivre et le manganèse. Les alliages de filage ainsi fournis comprennent des versions améliorées par le bore des types 6060, 6061, 6063, 6351 et similaires.The impurity contents can reach the following values (% by weight): 0.05 ≤ Mn ≤ 0.3; 0.1 ≤ Cu ≤ 0.3; 0.3 ≤ Fe ≤ 0.7. In accordance with the “spinning alloy” aspect of the invention, a new family of alloys is obtained, each alloy resembles a conventional Al-Mg-Si alloy by its composition and by its performance, but with noted limits. for impurities known to interfere with performance, particularly iron, and to a lesser degree copper and manganese. The spinning alloys thus supplied include boron enhanced versions of types 6060, 6061, 6063, 6351 and the like.

Selon les aspects "méthode" et "alliage" de l'invention, le bore est ajouté à l'aluminium en quantités allant de 20 à 150 parties par million (ppm) en plus des quantités de bore utilisées pour le contrôle du grain selon la pratique habituelle (en général en association avec le titane). En effet, les alliages riches en impuretés, en particulier le fer, et dans une moindre mesure en Cu et en Mn, ne se filent pas bien, même s'ils ont reçu une addition de B + Ti pour l'affinage du grain selon l'art antérieur. Ce n'est que lorsque la teneur en B est supérieure à celle requise pour l'affinage du grain, dans les alliages avec des niveaux d'impuretés élevés, que les résultats conformes à la présente invention sont obtenus.According to the "method" and "alloy" aspects of the invention, boron is added to aluminum in amounts ranging from 20 to 150 parts per million (ppm) in addition to the amounts of boron used for grain control according to the usual practice (usually in combination with titanium). Indeed, alloys rich in impurities, in particular iron, and to a lesser extent in Cu and Mn, do not spin well, even if they have received an addition of B + Ti for the refining of the grain according to prior art. It is only when the B content is higher than that required for grain refining, in alloys with high levels of impurities, that the results in accordance with the present invention are obtained.

De préférence, la teneur en bore, ainsi définie est comprise entre 20 et 80 ppm, et éventuellement entre 30 et 50 ppm. Au-dessous de 20 ppm de bore, on observe pratiquement aucune amélioration de la filabilité ou de latqualité de surface ; au-delà de 150 ppm, aucune amélioration complémentaire de la filabilité ou de l'état de surface n'est observée, et les risques d'un accroissement prohibitif de l'usure des filières ou autres outillages augmentent ; de plus, la surface des produits devient difficile à polir et la possibilité d'apparition de défauts lors de l'anodisation est accrue.Preferably, the boron content, thus defined is between 20 and 80 ppm, and optionally between 30 and 50 ppm. Below 20 ppm of boron, there is practically no improvement in spinability or surface quality; beyond 150 ppm, no further improvement in the spinnability or the surface condition is observed, and the risks of a prohibitive increase in the wear of the dies or other tools increase; moreover, the surface of the products becomes difficult to polish and the possibility of appearance of defects during anodization is increased.

Le mécanisme par lequel l'addition de bore selon l'invention produit ses effets favorables n'est pas entièrement élucidé et la. demanderesse ne désire pas être liée par une quelconque théorie ou mécanisme particulier à ce sujet. Mais il apparaît que les réactions de précipitation d'impuretés exposées dans l'art antérieur, en particulier dans les brevets américains US 3.198.625 et US 3.676.111 ne sont pas impliquées. On pense qu'en l'absence de bore, les oxydes ou autres composés des éléments d'alliage ou impuretés, ou un revêtement d'Al ou d'alumine elle-même, se forme-à la surface des filières ou autres outillages. Un tel revêtement, lorsqu'il apparaît, retarde le filage, provoque des collages à chaud, rend la surface du produit rugueuse et peut provoquer des déchirures. On pense de plus que l'addition de bore selon l'invention, sous quelque forme qu'il soit dans l'alliage, peut-être sous forme d'un composé dur type borure, nettoie la filière ou maintient la surface des outillages propre.The mechanism by which the addition of boron according to the invention produces its favorable effects is not fully understood and the. Applicant does not wish to be bound by any particular theory or mechanism on this subject. However, it appears that the impurity precipitation reactions set out in the prior art, in particular in US patents US 3,198,625 and US 3,667,111 are not involved. It is believed that in the absence of boron, oxides or other compounds of alloying elements or impurities, or a coating of Al or alumina itself, is formed on the surface of the dies or other tools. Such a coating, when it appears, delays spinning, causes hot sticking, makes the surface of the product rough and can cause tears. It is further thought that the addition of boron according to the invention, in whatever form it is in the alloy, perhaps in the form of a hard compound of boride type, cleans the die or keeps the surface of the tools clean .

Exemple 1Example 1

Un procédé selon la présente invention comprend :

  • 1) l'élaboration d'un alliage à partir d'une charge contenant des déchets d'alliages à base d'Al, de manière à obtenir l'analyse suivante (en poids) :
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002
    Figure imgb0003
    Figure imgb0004
    Figure imgb0005
    B = 20 à 150 ppm en plus de celui présent, s'il y a lieu, dans le but d'affinage du grain
    Figure imgb0006
    Figure imgb0007
    Figure imgb0008
    Figure imgb0009
    Reste aluminium
  • 2) la coulée de l'alliage sous forme d'une billette.
  • 3) l'homogénéisation de ladite billette à une température supérieure à 565°C pendant une durée supérieure à 4 h.
  • 4) le refroidissement de ladite billette, jusqu'à une température inférieure-à 250°C à une vitesse de refroidissement moyenne supérieure à 100°C/h, au-dessus de 250°C.
A method according to the present invention comprises:
  • 1) the production of an alloy from a charge containing waste alloys based on Al, so as to obtain the following analysis (by weight):
    Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0002
    Figure imgb0003
    Figure imgb0004
    Figure imgb0005
     B = 20 to 150 ppm in addition to that present, if necessary, for the purpose of refining the grain
    Figure imgb0006
    Figure imgb0007
    Figure imgb0008
    Figure imgb0009
     Aluminum rest
  • 2) the casting of the alloy in the form of a billet.
  • 3) the homogenization of said billet at a temperature above 565 ° C for a period greater than 4 h.
  • 4) cooling said billet to a temperature below 250 ° C at an average cooling rate greater than 100 ° C / h, above 250 ° C.

La charge initiale contient, de préférence, plus de 20% de déchets autres que les A-GS (6060 ou 6063).The initial charge preferably contains more than 20% of waste other than A-GS (6060 or 6063).

Dans ces conditions, les billettes peuvent être filées dans les conditions habituelles, et les produits obtenus présentent un bel'état de surface, tout en conservant les caractéristiques mécaniques habituelles. Le bore est de préférence- introduit dans le bain fondu avant le dégazage, sous forme d'alliae mère aluminium-bore.Under these conditions, the billets can be spun under the usual conditions, and the products obtained have a beautiful surface condition, while retaining the usual mechanical characteristics. Boron is preferably introduced into the molten bath before degassing, in the form of an aluminum-boron mother alloy.

La quantité de déchets incorporables à la charge peut aller jusqu'à 100%.The amount of waste that can be incorporated into the load can be up to 100%.

Exemple 2 :Example 2:

On a élaboré avec 100% de chutes, les coulées de compositions suivantes (en poids) :The following compositions were cast with 100% offcuts (by weight):

(voir page suivante)(see next page)

Figure imgb0010
Figure imgb0010

Les alliages A, B, C, E, F, sont conformes à l'invention ; les alliages 6063 et 6060 sont des alliages de comparaison élaborés avec 100% de chutes de la même nuance. L'alliage D a été élaboré comme les alliages A, B, C, E, F, mais l'addition de bore y a été omise. Ces alliages ont été coulée sous forme de billettes 0 95 mm; homogénéisées à 580°C pendant 8h et. filées à chaud sous forme de profilés tubulaires à ailettes, avec un rapport de corroyage de 90, dans deux conditions différentes :

  • a) conditions sévères : température (510°C) et vitesse de filage (V = 120 m/mn) élevées,
  • b) conditions normales : température (480°C) et vitesse de filage (V =50 m/mn) habituelles.
Alloys A, B, C, E, F, are in accordance with the invention; alloys 6063 and 6060 are comparison alloys produced with 100% scrap of the same grade. Alloy D was developed like alloys A, B, C, E, F, but the addition of boron was omitted there. These alloys were cast in the form of billets 95 mm; homogenized at 580 ° C for 8h and. hot spun in the form of tubular profiles with fins, with a working ratio of 90, under two different conditions:
  • a) severe conditions: high temperature (510 ° C) and spinning speed (V = 120 m / min),
  • b) normal conditions: usual temperature (480 ° C) and spinning speed (V = 50 m / min).

L'aspect des profilés est donné dans le tableau II :

Figure imgb0011
The appearance of the profiles is given in Table II:
Figure imgb0011

On peut noter le très mauvais comportement de l'alliage D sans bore. Les caractéristiques de traction après revenu 8 h à 175°C sont données dans le tableau III.

Figure imgb0012
We can note the very bad behavior of the alloy D without boron. The traction characteristics after 8 h tempering at 175 ° C are given in Table III.
Figure imgb0012

Exemple 3 :Example 3:

L'alliage.3004 selon l'Aluminium Association est un alliage utilisable pour la. fabrication de boites pour boissons. Son analyse est la suivante (en poids) :

Figure imgb0013
Figure imgb0014
Figure imgb0015
Figure imgb0016
Figure imgb0017
Figure imgb0018
Figure imgb0019
Figure imgb0020
Reste : aluminiumThe alloy. 3004 according to the Aluminum Association is an alloy usable for the. manufacture of drink boxes. His analysis is as follows (by weight):
Figure imgb0013
Figure imgb0014
Figure imgb0015
Figure imgb0016
Figure imgb0017
Figure imgb0018
Figure imgb0019
Figure imgb0020
 Rest: aluminum

Dans chacune de deux coulées de 40 tonnes d'alliage, type 3004, on a introduit du bore, l'addition étant faite sous forme de 100 kg d'alliage-mère ayant une composition Al = 96%, B = 4% ; les introductions ont été faites durant le transfert du métal entre le four de fusion et le four de maintien.In each of two flows of 40 tonnes of alloy, type 3004, boron was introduced, the addition being made in the form of 100 kg of mother alloy having a composition Al = 96%, B = 4%; the introductions were made during the transfer of the metal between the melting furnace and the holding furnace.

Les coulées ont été transformées en tôles suivant la pratique habituelle, l'épaisseur finale étant de 0,42 mm à l'état H19.The castings were transformed into sheets according to the usual practice, the final thickness being 0.42 mm in the H19 state.

Le métal a été ensuite transformé en corps de boites de boissons sur des presses d'emboutissage-étirage a grande vitesse. En 24 heures de production, il y a eu 19 casses, c'est-à-dire les cas où le métal se déchire au cours de l'emboutissage ou de l'étirage. Ceci représente une réduction de 30% du nombre de casses rencontrées en moyenne sur cet ensemble de presses, quand on y travaille du 3004 standard sans addition de bore.The metal was then transformed into bodies of beverage cans on high speed drawing and drawing presses. In 24 hours of production, there have been 19 breaks, i.e. cases where the metal tears during drawing or drawing. This represents a 30% reduction in the number of breakages encountered on average on this set of presses, when working with standard 3004 without the addition of boron.

De plus, pratiquement aucun polissage des outils n'a été nécessaire en l'absence de dépôts sur les outillages des presses.In addition, practically no polishing of the tools was necessary in the absence of deposits on the press tools.

D'après ce qui précède, on peut constater que la présente invention fournit une méthode pour améliorer la productivité en atténuant les facteurs qui font obstacle à la formabilité des alliages sous forme de tôles.From the above, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method for improving productivity by mitigating the factors which impede the formability of the alloys in sheet form.

En résumé, on peut voir d'après la description précédente que l'invention atteint ses objectifs d'amélioration des caractéristiques de filabilité et de formabilité des alliages type Al-Mg-Si, et l'amélioration de tels alliages de manière simple et efficace, et permet aux producteurs d'utiliser une forte proportion de chutes de basse qualité pour la production d'alliages de haute qualité, avec en conséquence, des économies d'énergie et une meilleure productivité.In summary, it can be seen from the preceding description that the invention achieves its objectives of improving the spinnability and formability characteristics of alloys of the Al-Mg-Si type, and the improvement of such alloys in a simple and effective manner , and allows producers to use a high proportion of low quality scrap for the production of high quality alloys, with consequent energy savings and better productivity.

Claims (8)

1. Méthode pour obtenir un alliage type Al-Mg-Si hautement formable à chaud ou à froid, caractérisé en ce que l'on fond une charge contenant au moins l'un des éléments suivants, dans les limites ci-après (% en poids) :
Figure imgb0021
Figure imgb0022
Figure imgb0023
et que l'on incorpore au bain une quantité de bore allant de 20 à 150 ppm (en poids), en plus et au-delà de la quantité de bore présente, s'il y a lieu, pour l'affinage du grain.1. Method for obtaining an alloy Al-Mg-Si highly formable hot or cold, characterized in that one melts a charge containing at least one of the following elements, within the limits below (% by weight):
Figure imgb0021
Figure imgb0022
Figure imgb0023
 and that a quantity of boron ranging from 20 to 150 ppm (by weight) is incorporated into the bath, in addition to and beyond the quantity of boron present, if necessary, for the refining of the grain. 2. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la quantité de bore incorporée est comprise entre 20 et 80 ppm.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of boron incorporated is between 20 and 80 ppm. 3. Méthode selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la quantité de bore incorporée est comprise entre 30 et 50 ppm.3. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the amount of boron incorporated is between 30 and 50 ppm. 4. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la charge contient plus de 20% de chutes d'alliages autres que celui à élaborer.4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the load contains more than 20% of alloy falls other than that to be produced. 5. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le bore est introduit juste avant dégazage et coulée.5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the boron is introduced just before degassing and pouring. 6. Méthode selon l'une des revendications à 5, caractérisé en ce que le bore est introduit sous forme d'un alliage-mère.6. Method according to one of claims to 5, characterized in that the boron is introduced in the form of a master alloy. 7. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage est du type 6060 ou 6061 ou 6063 ou 6351, (selon la nomenclature de l'Aluminium Association).7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the alloy is of the type 6060 or 6061 or 6063 or 6351, (according to the nomenclature of the Aluminum Association). 8. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage est du type 3004 (selon la nomenclature de l'Aluminium Association).8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the alloy is of type 3004 (according to the nomenclature of the Aluminum Association).
EP82420063A 1981-05-15 1982-05-12 Method for the extrusion characteristics of aluminium alloys of the al-mg-si-type Expired EP0069026B1 (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0553533A1 (en) * 1992-01-08 1993-08-04 Elkem Aluminium Ans Method for grain refining of aluminium and grain refining alloy
US6004409A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-12-21 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Production of high quality machinable tolling plate using brazing sheet scrap
US6956025B2 (en) 2000-06-29 2005-10-18 Sanguibiotech Gmbh Mammalian haemoglobin compatible with blood plasma, cross-linked and conjugated with polyalkylene oxides as artificial medical oxygen carriers, production and use thereof
CN110306085A (en) * 2019-07-23 2019-10-08 慈溪市宜美佳铝业有限公司 A kind of 6061 aluminium alloy of multi-cavity body high strength and preparation method thereof being applicable in automobile door sill
CN113649415A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-16 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 Preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire

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JP2002302728A (en) * 2001-04-09 2002-10-18 Hoei Kogyo Kk Aluminum alloy for casting and forging, aluminum cast and forged article, and production method therefor
CN105624442B (en) * 2016-01-11 2018-05-25 南昌大学 A kind of method that fast instant silicon process produces 6063 aluminium alloy bars
CN113862498B (en) * 2021-08-19 2022-08-02 河南泰鸿新材料有限公司 High-strength aluminum plate for cargo vehicle oil tank and production method thereof

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FR2101745A5 (en) * 1970-07-14 1972-03-31 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag
DE3008358B1 (en) * 1980-03-05 1980-12-04 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Use of old scrap mixed from cast aluminum alloys and wrought aluminum alloys for the manufacture of semi-finished rolled products

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2101745A5 (en) * 1970-07-14 1972-03-31 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag
DE3008358B1 (en) * 1980-03-05 1980-12-04 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Use of old scrap mixed from cast aluminum alloys and wrought aluminum alloys for the manufacture of semi-finished rolled products

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0553533A1 (en) * 1992-01-08 1993-08-04 Elkem Aluminium Ans Method for grain refining of aluminium and grain refining alloy
US5424031A (en) * 1992-01-08 1995-06-13 Elkem Aluminium Ans Grain refining alloy and a method for grain refining of aluminum and aluminum alloys
US5582791A (en) * 1992-01-08 1996-12-10 Elkem Aluminum Ans Method for grain refining of aluminum and grain refining alloy
US6004409A (en) * 1997-01-24 1999-12-21 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Production of high quality machinable tolling plate using brazing sheet scrap
US6956025B2 (en) 2000-06-29 2005-10-18 Sanguibiotech Gmbh Mammalian haemoglobin compatible with blood plasma, cross-linked and conjugated with polyalkylene oxides as artificial medical oxygen carriers, production and use thereof
CN110306085A (en) * 2019-07-23 2019-10-08 慈溪市宜美佳铝业有限公司 A kind of 6061 aluminium alloy of multi-cavity body high strength and preparation method thereof being applicable in automobile door sill
CN113649415A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-16 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 Preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire

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FR2505877A1 (en) 1982-11-19
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BE893192A (en) 1982-11-16
DE3265790D1 (en) 1985-10-03

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