EP0066733B1 - Soupape d'admission ou d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents
Soupape d'admission ou d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0066733B1 EP0066733B1 EP82104273A EP82104273A EP0066733B1 EP 0066733 B1 EP0066733 B1 EP 0066733B1 EP 82104273 A EP82104273 A EP 82104273A EP 82104273 A EP82104273 A EP 82104273A EP 0066733 B1 EP0066733 B1 EP 0066733B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- shut
- combustion chamber
- cylindrical
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L5/00—Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements
- F01L5/04—Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements with cylindrical, sleeve, or part-annularly shaped valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine inlet or outlet valve, which consists of a valve stem and a ceramic shut-off part located at one end thereof, with which a combustion chamber opening can be alternately exposed or shut off in accordance with the operating cycle of the machine, by the shut-off part in the direction of movement parallel to the valve for opening the combustion chamber from a cylindrical valve seat which can be enclosed between the latter and the outer circumferential surface of the shut-off part against the combustion chamber or closes it.
- valve body which is a valve disk
- valve stem form a one-piece unit made of steel, which is a rotating body and can be moved back and forth in the direction of its longitudinal axis.
- the two mutually parallel sealing surfaces of the valve are frustoconical surfaces.
- the valve disk can be pressed with its sealing surface against the fixed sealing surface by the force of a helical compression spring during the closing time.
- the heat in the valve plate is dissipated into the water or air-cooled cylinder head via the truncated cone valve seat during the closing time.
- This heat dissipation is not particularly large, i. H. in particular the valve body is at risk of heat, or such a valve cannot be subjected to high thermal loads.
- very high acceleration forces occur when the rocker arm or the like strikes the valve stem when the valve is opened and furthermore when the valve plate hits the valve seat when the valve closes. This results in high mechanical loads on the valve and considerable noise.
- the type mentioned at the outset is based on a valve known from the abstract of the JP patent for the relevant JP patent application 54-98095 with the publication number 56-23 507 (A), in which the plate-shaped shut-off part is made of a sintered ceramic Material should be made to want to protect the surface, and thus at the same time the relevant valve seat contact surface of the shut-off part from hot gas corrosion and the associated damage.
- fibrous crystals should be embedded in the sintered ceramic material for the shut-off part.
- ceramic materials are generally known to have a comparatively high temperature resistance and low thermal expansion in addition to the corrosion resistance already mentioned.
- the main lack of ceramic materials is seen in their lack of ductility or in their comparatively high brittleness.
- shut-off part is designed as a piston slide valve member and can be displaced axially parallel within a cylindrical overflow housing, so that mutually opposite flow openings alternately at the same time in a common transverse plane in the overflow housing cordon off or expose at the same time.
- the cylindrical overflow channel is connected to an inlet or outlet chamber arranged coaxially to the valve stem and partially enclosing the same, the latter together with the overflow channel being integrated in the engine block parallel to the axis next to a respective cylinder-piston unit.
- FR-A-2 210 262 an essentially "bulb-shaped" valve shut-off element intended for use in wash basins or the like is also known, the contour of which widens in the direction of a rotationally symmetrical sealing seat surface and from there is essentially conical to a rounded one Valve tip is tapered again.
- the shut-off element has a sealing ring inserted into the outside of the sealing seat surface, with which the shut-off element can be displaced against a rotationally symmetrically adjacent stationary counter seat surface.
- FR-A-2 210 262 does not provide any reference to a valve design for internal combustion engines which forms the genus or the preamble of claim 1, with regard to the specified valve design, in order to provide an aerodynamically optimized combustion chamber filling or discharge option despite high and frequently changing temperature stresses to enable extremely low sealing play.
- the invention has for its object to provide an initially specified and according to the preamble of claim 1 valve, which allows an extremely small seal clearance with high thermal load capacity while at the same time aerodynamically favorable gas inflow and outflow conditions.
- the essential cladding of brittleness of the ceramic material mentioned at the outset is completely eliminated and, at the same time, a comparatively low-wear valve is created.
- valve shut-off body, valve seat In the way of the ceramic material pairing according to the invention (valve shut-off body, valve seat), it is possible to enable an extremely low backlash despite the work cycle-related high temperature stresses or differences due to the always extremely low thermal expansions of both ceramic valve partners, which in turn - despite the specified type of seal - is practical no leakage flows are to be expected when the valve is shut off. In other words, there is an extremely small seal play without having to reckon with a risk of the shut-off part jamming in the stationary cylindrical valve guide. In addition, the overall concept according to the invention enables extremely high combustion temperatures to be achieved.
- valve locking body can easily be so aerodynamically optimized that as little eddy formation as possible occurs in the inflowing or outflowing fluid.
- valve shut-off body is not thermally overloaded due to the greater heat absorption, because it is made of ceramic material.
- the valve shut-off part and the stationary valve seat can in particular be made of silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) but also, for. B. made of oxide ceramics such as aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3 ) or magnesium oxide (MgO).
- the ceramic, plate-shaped shut-off part 13 has a cylinder sealing surface 14 on the outside. This lies against the cylinder sealing surface 15, which is provided on a valve ring 16.
- the plate-shaped shut-off part 13 has on its cylinder sealing surface 14 in the direction of the cylinder axis 10 successive labyrinth sealing grooves 17.
- the valve ring 16 is also made of ceramic material and is seated in a recess 19 of a cylinder head 20 which begins at the combustion chamber 18 and which can be made of ceramic material, and thus forms the combustion chamber opening 21 of the valve.
- a valve tube 22 can be used, which is inserted in the cylinder head 20 and also begins at the combustion chamber 18.
- the valve ring 16 or the valve tube 22 has an inlet surface 23 which adjoins the cylinder sealing surface 15 and widens conically to the combustion chamber 18 and ends there with the combustion chamber opening 21.
- this aerodynamically optimized shut-off part 24 is equipped with a cylinder sealing surface 25 that is axially short in relation to its largest diameter and its total length in the region of this largest diameter.
- the fixed cylinder sealing surface 26 is formed by the cylinder head 20.
- This has an inlet surface 23 designed according to FIG. 1.
- the valve body 24 has a spherical cavity 27 on the inside to save weight. Due to its teardrop shape, the valve body 24 has a streamlined bulge 28 into the combustion chamber 18. The bulge 28 is particularly streamlined because it is formed tapering into the combustion chamber 18. The opposite bulge 29 by means of the transition that tapers into the valve stem 12 is also very flow-favorable.
- the valve body 24 could also be referred to as a bulbous body.
- valve shut-off part 13 or 24 is to be moved into the combustion chamber 18 to open the valve.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813122603 DE3122603A1 (de) | 1981-06-06 | 1981-06-06 | "ventil, insbesondere ein- oder auslassventil an einem verbrennungsmotor" |
DE3122603 | 1981-06-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0066733A1 EP0066733A1 (fr) | 1982-12-15 |
EP0066733B1 true EP0066733B1 (fr) | 1985-10-02 |
Family
ID=6134130
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82104273A Expired EP0066733B1 (fr) | 1981-06-06 | 1982-05-15 | Soupape d'admission ou d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4475494A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0066733B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5825508A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3122603A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3302650A1 (de) * | 1983-01-27 | 1984-08-02 | Oliver Dipl.-Phys. 7148 Remseck Laing | Ventil fuer verbrennungsmotor |
US4779584A (en) * | 1987-02-24 | 1988-10-25 | Warr Valves, Inc. | Internal combustion engine intake valve |
IT1205781B (it) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-03-31 | B Art Srl | Sistema di valvole per macchine e motori alternativi |
GB2209797B (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1991-10-09 | T & N Technology Ltd | Internal combustion engine exhaust system |
US4815706A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1989-03-28 | Feuling James J | Values for improved fluid flow therearound |
JPH02115924U (fr) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-17 | ||
JP2610187B2 (ja) * | 1989-04-28 | 1997-05-14 | 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 | バルブの駆動装置 |
DE8910835U1 (de) * | 1989-09-11 | 1990-02-01 | Gedlich, Dietrich Walter, 6090 Rüsselsheim | Kolben zur Steuerung von Gaswechselvorgängen sowie zur Abdichtung gegenüber dem Brennraum von Verbrennungsmotoren |
US5044332A (en) * | 1990-12-24 | 1991-09-03 | John Ondracek | Elliptical valve stem for reducing turbulence in combustion engines |
DE19648496A1 (de) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-28 | Josef Freialdenhoven | Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
US5950989A (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 1999-09-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Valve interface having mismatched radii |
DE60314558T2 (de) * | 2002-03-20 | 2007-10-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo K.K. | Brennkraftmaschine mit variabelm Verdichtungsverhältnis |
DE102012111558A1 (de) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-05 | Firma IHI Charging Systems International GmbH | Regelvorrichtung für einen Abgasführungsabschnitt einer Turbine |
US9745927B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 | 2017-08-29 | Denso International America, Inc. | Emissions reduction system for an internal combustion engine |
US9903323B2 (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2018-02-27 | Denso International America, Inc. | Emissions reduction system for an internal combustion engine |
EP3792409A1 (fr) | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-17 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Système de soupape, collecteur de tuyauterie et système de pompe |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB211644A (en) * | 1922-12-29 | 1924-02-28 | Henry Selby Hele Shaw | Improvements in taps or valves |
US1680099A (en) * | 1926-02-05 | 1928-08-07 | William Goldstein | Valve for internal-combustion engines |
US1905140A (en) * | 1932-05-12 | 1933-04-25 | Boyce William Frederick | Valve for internal combustion engines |
US2090800A (en) * | 1936-07-21 | 1937-08-24 | Charles M Macdonald | Engine valve |
CH291607A (fr) * | 1948-08-16 | 1953-06-30 | Alliance Europ | Moteur à combustion interne. |
DE1282377B (de) * | 1965-09-21 | 1968-11-07 | American Radiator & Standard | Keramischer Ventilsitz und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
FR1488247A (fr) * | 1966-02-03 | 1967-07-13 | Anciens Etablissements Etampag | Vanne, notamment pour canalisations à gaz |
DE2238750A1 (de) * | 1972-08-05 | 1974-02-07 | Porsche Kg | Zylinderkopf mit im einlasskanal angeordnetem ventilsitz, in dem der ventilteller eines ventils in schliesstellung ruht |
FR2210262A5 (fr) * | 1972-12-11 | 1974-07-05 | Millet Jean | |
JPS5439024A (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-03-24 | Nosonobuichi Masuriyans Gudaru | Process for preparing benzene and xylene |
JPS5623507A (en) * | 1979-08-02 | 1981-03-05 | Toshiba Corp | Exhaust valve |
-
1981
- 1981-06-06 DE DE19813122603 patent/DE3122603A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-05-15 DE DE8282104273T patent/DE3266638D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-05-15 EP EP82104273A patent/EP0066733B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-05-19 US US06/379,607 patent/US4475494A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-06-04 JP JP57096048A patent/JPS5825508A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3266638D1 (en) | 1985-11-07 |
EP0066733A1 (fr) | 1982-12-15 |
DE3122603A1 (de) | 1983-01-05 |
JPS5825508A (ja) | 1983-02-15 |
US4475494A (en) | 1984-10-09 |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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Effective date: 19830611 |
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Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO MILANO S.P.A. |
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