Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules

Definitions

• the present invention relates to granules of coated bleaching activator, to the process for coating and granulating said activator and to the use of the granules obtained in or with detergent and bleaching compositions.
• the subject of the invention is N, N, N ', N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine granules coated, their preparation and their use in detergency.
• the conventional detergent compositions used for washing textile materials include a surfactant (anionic, non-ionic, cationic or amphoteric), a builder and a bleaching compound.
• a surfactant anionic, non-ionic, cationic or amphoteric
• a builder and a bleaching compound.
• the per-compounds used in detergent compositions exhibit sufficient oxidizing activity only at temperatures generally above 60 ° C.
• an organic activator of the compound reacts with the hydrogen peroxide released by the compound, to form in the detergent medium, an active bleaching agent at lower temperatures, for example between 20 and 50 ° C.
• tetraacetylethylenediamine has been found to be particularly effective.
• this activator has storage stability problems when incorporated into detergent compositions. On contact with the other constituents of the detergent composition, alkaline substances, percomposite, and hydrated compounds, the activator tends to hydrolyze and perhydrolysate. This partial decomposition leads to the appearance of pungent odors and coloring as well as a reduction in its whitening power.
• French Patent 2,281,160 describes, as coating substances, long chain fatty acids such as myristic, stearic acids, hydrogenated tallow fatty acids, acid waxes or oxidized paraffin waxes.
• the disadvantage of using these organic substances is obtaining granules which are often difficult to handle due to the physical nature of the binder material.
• French patent 2 109 941 describes granular compositions containing from 5 to 50% by weight of the bleaching activator which is tetraacetyl glycolurile and from 95 to 50% by weight of a coating material comprising sodium triphosphate. Since the amount of binding agent used is large, it is not possible to obtain granules with a high concentration of activator.
• the present invention proposes to provide coated tetraacetylethylenediamine granules satisfying all the conditions listed above and avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks.
• tetraacetylethylenediamine in the form of the granules of the invention makes it possible to suppress the degradation of the latter during storage and does not in any way alter the activating qualities of tetraacetylethylenediamine on the percomposites.
• the rate of dissolution of the granulated and coated tetraacetylethylenediamine according to the invention is greater than the rate of dissolution of tetraacetylethylenediamine alone.
• the practical interest of the invention is therefore to obtain very quickly the formation of ions of peracetic acid, in the washing medium.
• Another object of the present invention is the process for preparing the said bleach activator in granulated form, characterized in that a pulverulent mixture of the tetraacetylethylenediamine and the alkali metal triphosphate is carried out and which is sprayed on the bed mobile thus formed a solution of an alkali metal cellulose derivative.
• solution is meant both a solution and a dispersion of the cellulose derivative.
• the tetraacetylethylenediamine to be treated is suitably in the form of particles having a particle size between 0.02 and 0.25 mm and preferably between 0.05 and 0.15 mm. It is preferable that the tetraacetylethylenediamine used has the aforementioned particle size distribution because if the particles are too small, there is formation of undesirable dust and if the particles are too large, there may be problems with agglomeration and during the use in detergency, the dissolution of tetraacetylethylenediamine will be slowed down.
• the particle size of tetraacetylethylenediamine is commonly determined, for example, by dry sieving, by sedimentation or by direct particle counting using a COULTER O counter based on the recording of conductometric disturbances which accompany the passage of the particles through a diaphragm of given size.
• the alkali metal triphosphates according to the invention are preferably used in anhydrous form.
• sodium triphosphate is preferably chosen. It is used in its commercial form which contains impurities of metals such as iron, copper, nickel. Generally, the quantity of metal ions does not exceed 200 p. p. m. It is preferred to use a sodium triphosphate having a reduced content of metallic impurities, for example, between 20 and 100%. p. m.
• the particle size of sodium triphosphate determined in an identical manner to that of tetraacetylethylenediamine, it is between 0.02 and 0.08 mm, which corresponds to sodium triphosphate in common use in detergency.
• the component involved in the coating agent is organic in nature since it is a derivative of
• cellulose As such, mention may be made of carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose or hydroxyethylcellulose.
• cellulose derivatives are preferably used in the form of their sodium salt.
• Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is a raw material of choice. No specific characteristic of particle size is required since it is used in the form of an aqueous solution.
• the sodium carboxymethylcellulose commonly used in detergents is used according to the invention. It has a degree of substitution varying from 0.5 to 0.7: the degree of substitution expressing the average number of carboxyl radicals attached to each link in the cellulosic chain. With regard to its degree of polymerization and which translates the length of the cellulosic chain and determines the viscosity, it will be determined so that a solution having the desired viscosity is obtained which will be specified later.
• Sodium triphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose being preferably chosen, we will define their proportions used, but it goes without saying that the values given below are also suitable when using another triphosphate or another cellulose derivative.
• the quantity of sodium carboxymethylcellulose used in the coating agent can vary within an interval the limits of which are fixed as follows: the lower limit is determined so that the granules obtained have the required mechanical resistance properties and the upper limit is defined as a function of at least two parameters to be observed: namely, on the one hand, a physico-chemical parameter which requires that discard an excess of sodium carboxymethylcellulose which would risk delaying the release of tetraacetylethylenediamine and the formation of peracetic acid ions and on the other hand, a process constraint in the production of granules which would then require the setting work with a larger amount of water which should be removed by drying and which would interfere, or even, make granulation impossible.
• the amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is chosen such that the said ratio varies from 1/100 to 1/10, preferably from 1/30 to 1/15.
• the amount of sodium triphosphate involved is not critical and can vary within wide limits. However, it is a function of the amounts of tetraacetylethylenediamine and of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and will therefore be fixed so that its weight ratio with tetraacetylethylenediamine varies from 1/10 to 1/1, preferably between 1/4 to 2/3.
• the method of the invention consists in first making the pulverulent mixture of tetraacetylethylenediamine and of the alkali metal triphosphate, preferably sodium brought to the desired particle size and in the suitable ratio, to pour the mixture obtained above all device for constituting a mobile bed, on which is sprayed a solution of the cellulose derivative of alkali metal, preferably in sodium form.
• the process for preparing the granules of the invention is described below by choosing sodium triphosphate as the alkali metal triphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as the alkali metal cellulose derivative, but this process can be easily adapted by '' skilled in the art when using another triphosphate or another cellulose derivative.
• the procedure is as follows:
• a mixer which can be any device which makes it possible to obtain a dry mixture, without destroying the particle size. Suitable for this operation, rotary drum mixers or rotary Y-mixers, or mixers of the semi-mixer type.
• the mixture obtained is then poured into a granulator which can be a rotary drum granulator having a large moving charge.
• FIG. 1 An illustration of this type of device used in a preferential manner is a bezel with a cylindrical bowl equipped with devices for introducing and discharging the powder and also provided with a device for spraying liquid under pressure.
• the bezel has a bowl, the inclination of the axis of rotation of which is preferably 43 to 45 ° relative to the horizontal.
• a filler consisting of tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium triphosphate is introduced into the bezel, from 30 to 100 kg per m 3 of bezel, preferably. from 40 to 80 kg per m 3 of bezel.
• the pulverulent mixture is kept in motion thanks to the rotation of the bezel: the speed of rotation of the bezel is such that the tangential speed of the bezel is 0.5 to 3 m / s, preferably 1 to 2 m / s.
• the preparation of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution which will be sprayed is carried out.
• To prepare said solution it is sought to use the minimum quantity of water in order to avoid or minimize the drying operation.
• the amount of water to be used is a function of the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose to be obtained, which should not be too high because there would be too high a viscosity preventing any spraying. This concentration will be defined so that a spray solution with a final viscosity of less than 0.2 Pa is obtained.
• s the viscosity of 0.2 Pa - s corresponds to a measurement carried out at 50 ° C with a shear viscometer on a 5% solution: the speed gradient chosen for the measurement is between 25 s -1 and 200 s- 1.
• a solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose having a viscosity of between 0.10 and 0.15 Pa - s is used.
• sodium carboxymethylcellulose of "detergency" quality solutions containing from 2 to 10%, preferably from 3 to 8% by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, are prepared.
• the sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution to be sprayed is prepared and maintained at a temperature preferably between 30 and 80 ° C using an appropriate heating device.
• the sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution is sprayed onto the pulverulent mixture by means of a spray nozzle under pressure of 2 to 10 bars, preferably from 4 to 5 bars.
• the duration of the spraying depends on the quantity of sodium carboxymethylcellulose which it is desired to introduce into the granules.
• the finished granules are removed from the bowl of the bezel using a discharge device such as a scraper or other type.
• a wet powder is obtained having a water content of 20 to 40%, preferably 25 to 35%.
• the bezel is continuously fed so as to obtain an average residence time of the granules in the bezel of 10 to 60 minutes and the granules obtained are evacuated as and when obtained by means of an appropriate evacuation device. .
• the granules obtained then undergo a simple screening and by this single operation, they acquire the particle size desired for their use.
• a particle size distribution such that the diameter of the granules ranges from 0.4 to 2.0 mm and, preferably, from 0.6 to 1.2 mm.
• the fine particles remain in the bezel.
• the large granules which constitute the rejection of screening are crushed by any suitable device and recycled in the dredger.
• the screening can be carried out by a simple passage over a rotating or oblique grid having an adequate mesh opening.
• the coating and granulation process according to the invention makes it possible, by the choice of particle sizes of the pulverulent materials and by the screening operation succeeding the granulation, to obtain any particle size distribution defined above.
• the granules are dried in a current of hot air generally from 30 to 60 ° C.
• Drying can be done in any way.
• the granules can also be dried in an oven, for example, with a rotary hearth.
• the drying device will be chosen so that the granules are not broken up during drying.
• the granules which are the subject of the invention have a regular particle size, good mechanical properties, and can be easily incorporated into detergent and bleaching compositions.
• the introduction of the granules according to the invention into the detergent and bleaching compositions is generally carried out by post-addition to the detergent composition dried after atomization, by simple dry mixing.
• the granules of the invention can be added directly to the washing bath comprising a detergent and bleaching composition containing a compound in the case of industrial use.
• the detergent compositions in which the bleaching granules can be incorporated comprise, in addition to the per-compound used for bleaching, at least one anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric surfactant and at least one builder.
• surfactant For the choice of surfactant, one can refer, among others, to the encyclopedia "Encyclopedia Chemical Technology - Kirk OTHMER - volume 19" or to the various works of the Surfactant Sciences Series, Marcel DEKKER Inc - Vol . 1: Nonionic Surfactants by Martin J. SCHICK; Flight. 4: Cationic Surfactants by Eric JUNGERMANN; Flight. 7: Anionic Surfactants by Warner M. LINFIELD.
• diamines such as those of the type R a NH C 2 H 4 NH 2 in which R 8 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, for example N-
• R 8 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, for example N-
• amidoamines such as those of the Rg CO NH C 2 H 4 NH 2 type in which Rg is an alkyl radical containing from 9 to 20 carbon atoms, for example N-aminoethyl-2 stearylamide and N-aminoethyl-2 myristylamide :
• quaternary ammonium compounds in which, in particular, one of the radicals attached to the nitrogen atom is an alkyl radical of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, including these alkyl radicals of 1 to 3 carbon atoms bearing inert substituents, for example halogen, a
• surfactants of the quaternary ammonium type mention will be made of: ethyldimethylstearylammonium chloride, benzyldimethylstearylammonium chloride, benzyldiethylstearylammonium chloride, trimethylstearylammonium chloride , trimethylketylammonium bromide, dimethylethyldilaurylammonium chloride, dimethylpropylmyristylammonium chloride, as well as the corresponding methylsulfates and acetates.
• amphoteric surfactants such as alkyl dimethyl betaines of formula: the alkylamidopropyldimethylbetaines of formula: the alkyltrimethylsulfobetaines of formula: in said formulas n4 is between 9 and 16.
• sodium alkyl benzenesulfonates, sodium stearate, fatty alcohol sulfates, polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohol sulfates and polyoxyethylenated fatty alcohols, alcohols polyoxyethylenated and polyoxypropylenated fats are very particularly suitable and are used in a preferred manner in detergent compositions.
• the detergent compositions may also contain builders, one of the functions of which is to sequester the calcium and magnesium ions present in the water.
• alkaline adjuvant salts which can be used in this function, mention may be made of carbonates, silicates, phosphates and polyphosphates. More specifically, mention will be made of sodium triphosphate, sodium and potassium pyrophosphate, sodium orthophosphate.
• alumina silicates or those containing alumina are also suitable; synthetic zeolites of type A.
• the following phosphonic acids are preferably chosen: amino tri (methylenephosphonic) acid: (ATMP) ethylenediamine-tetra (methylenephosphonic) acid: (EDTMP), diethylenetriamine-penta acid (methylenephosphonic) : (DTPMP).
• the builders named above can be used alone but preferably in a mixture.
• sodium disilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium orthophosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium triphosphate, the sodium salt of nitrilotriacetic acid are chosen.
• Detergent compositions generally contain, in addition to surfactants and builders, a certain number of conventional additives in variable quantity.
• agents for controlling foam such as polysiloxanes; mineral salts such as sodium sulfate; bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide and its hydrates, peroxides and persalts alone or in admixture with bleaching precursors and other anti-redeposition agents such as carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of maleic acid and vinyl ether, acrylic acid alone or copolymerized with vinyl monomers and water-soluble sulfonated polyesters, water-soluble polyester polyurethanes; fluorescent agents such as stilbenes, furans, thiophenes as well as small amounts of perfume, dyes and enzymes.
• the bleach activator granules are introduced into the detergent compositions in an amount such that there is approximately 1 to 10% by weight of tetraacetylethylenediamine and preferably 2 to 4%.
• the compound is added to the detergent compositions in an amount of 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 20%.
• the weight ratio between tetraacetylethylenediamine and the compound can range from 2/3 to 1/35 and preferably from 1/2 to 1/20.
• the detergent compositions contain at least 5 to 50% by weight of an anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric surfactant in their mixtures and from 10 to 60% by weight of a builder. Preferably, 5 to 25% by weight of an anionic, nonionic surfactant or mixtures thereof and 10 to 40% by weight of a builder are added to the detergent compositions.
• detergent compositions are given by way of illustration, but not limitation, into which the bleaching granules of the invention may be introduced.
• the percentages given are expressed by weight.
• the granules of the invention have an excellent resistance to storage in detergent compositions: the tetraacetylethylenediamine is effectively preserved from the other components of the detergent composition which would risk degrading it.
• Detergent compositions containing the bleach activator granules according to the invention suitable for washing articles of all kinds based on natural, synthetic or artificial fibers and more particularly for washing textile materials based on natural fibers such as cotton optionally mixed with other fibers, in particular polyester.
• the concentration of bleach granules in the washing bath expressed by weight of tetraacetylethylenediamine is such that there are between 0.05 and 1.00 g per liter of aqueous bath.
• the upper bound is obviously not critical, but it is preferable to choose a concentration between 0.1 and 0.3 g / I because higher concentrations do not bring any advantage in terms of the efficacy of the products. the invention.
• the temperature of the aqueous medium which is used during washing is not critical in the sense that the bleaching granules behave effectively at temperatures ranging from about 20 to 100 ° C and preferably from 30 to 60 ° vs.
• the washing is preferably carried out at low temperature due to the presence of tetraacetylethylenediamine, all the more so since the speed of dissolution of the coated tetraacetylethylenediamine granules is greater than the speed of dissolution of tetraacetylethylenediamine alone which makes it possible to quickly obtain the ions of peracetic acid and then the active oxygen allowing the bleaching effect to be obtained.
• the present invention is illustrated in a nonlimiting manner by examples of preparation of the granules of the invention.
• granules are prepared having the composition by weight given above, but by using tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium triphosphate of different particle size: the particle size of sodium triphosphate is always substantially finer than that of tetraacetylethylenediamine.
• the granules are prepared according to the following procedure:
• This solution is sprayed on the dry mixture moving in the bezel.
• the sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution is sprayed using a spray nozzle under a pressure of 4 bars, onto the powder mixture of tetraacetylethylenediamine and sodium triphosphate for a period of approximately 30 minutes.
• Granules having the composition given above, of dry appearance and relatively solid, are extracted from the bezel.
• the granules obtained are passed through sieves with a mesh opening of 0.63 mm and 2.00 mm.
• the granules prepared according to examples 1 to 3 are subjected to a series of measurements and tests in order to demonstrate their physicochemical properties. In the various tests, the particle size fraction of 0.63 to 2.00 mm is used.
• the weight of 1 cm 3 of granules is determined by the weighing of 100 cm 3 of packed and loose packed granules.
• the granules are subjected to a mechanical treatment then their solidity is evaluated by determining the percentage of fine particles formed by sieving through a sieve whose mesh opening is equal to 2/3 of the diameter of the smallest granule.
• Mechanical manipulation consists of putting 200 g of granules in a 2-liter glass bottle and rotating it 40 revolutions per minute for 1 hour.
• the percentage of "finished” is measured by passage through a standard AFNOR O sieve with a mesh size of 0.4 mm.
• peracetic and acetic acids formed by perhydrolysis and hydrolysis of the liberated tetraacetylethylenediamine are neutralized so as to keep the pH constant at 10.
• the tetraacetylethylenediamine used has an average particle diameter of 0.130 mm, 0.050 mm and 0.180 mm, that is to say, the same particle size as that introduced into the granules to be tested.
• the half-reaction times (t1 / 2) corresponding to the formation of half of the amounts of peracetic and acetic acids are then determined, relative to the amount of tetraacetylethylenediamine introduced.
• 0.5N sodium hydroxide is then added so as to maintain the pH at 10.
• the main purpose of the coating being to protect tetraacetylethylenediamine, during storage, from the action of the other constituents of the detergent composition which are likely to cause its decomposition, we will demonstrate the resistance to storage of tetraacetylethylenediamine having different particle sizes and coated in the form of granules of the invention.
• a test is carried out with uncoated tetraacetylethylenediamine having the same particle size as that introduced into the granules to be tested.
• the test is carried out on 10 samples of 1 g of the detergent composition defined above containing either the granules of coated tetraacetylethylenediamine, or uncoated tetraacetylethylenediamine which is placed in a powder compact itself placed open in a packet of detergent so as to restore the usual conditions for storing detergents. Storage is carried out at 40 ° C in an atmosphere containing 80% relative humidity.
• the samples are withdrawn and the tetraacetylethylenediamine is assayed in the presence of all the components of the detergent composition and then the loss of activity of the tetraacetylethylenediamine is determined.
• the principle of the method consists in measuring the peracetic acid formed by perhydrolysis of the residual tetraacetylethylenediamine, in basic medium.
• the peracetic acid formed in the presence of potassium iodide will oxidize it and the released iodine will be determined by a titrated solution of sodium thiosulfate.
• the mixture is quickly and quantitatively transferred into a beaker containing 100 g of crushed ice and 10 cm 3 of glacial acetic acid.
• the soiled cotton test pieces are washed in a device sold under the brand LINI-TEST (ORIGINAL HANAU) O which simulates a washing cycle at 60 ° C for 20 minutes.
• LINI-TEST ORIGINAL HANAU
• test pieces After washing, the test pieces are dried in the open air and then measured again with the GARDNER O reflectometer .
• the bleaching efficiency is given by the variation in reflectance before and after washing.
• the coating agent and the particle size of the tetraacetylethylenediamine used in the bleaching granules of the invention do not induce any appreciable lowering of the bleaching efficiency compared to uncoated activator; moreover, it is noted that very good whitening performance is always obtained whatever the particle size of the tetraacetylethylenediamine chosen from the range defined according to the invention.
• an advantage of the present invention is to have a flexible method for manufacturing granules with a high tetraacetylethylenediamine content greater than 55% by weight which makes it possible to granulate and coat any type of tetraacethylenediamine with a particle size included between 0.02 and 0.25 mm while still leading to granules having good storage behavior and good bleaching efficiency.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Dental Preparations (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1981
  • 1981-04-15 FR FR8107544A patent/FR2504147B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1982
  • 1982-04-01 EP EP82400600A patent/EP0063512B2/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-01 AT AT82400600T patent/ATE11428T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-04-01 DE DE8282400600T patent/DE3262009D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-12 JP JP57059842A patent/JPS57192498A/ja active Pending
  • 1982-04-14 DK DK166682A patent/DK152596C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-04-14 GR GR67917A patent/GR76130B/el unknown
  • 1982-04-14 IE IE875/82A patent/IE53182B1/en unknown
  • 1982-04-14 ES ES511414A patent/ES511414A0/es active Granted
  • 1982-04-14 PT PT74755A patent/PT74755B/pt unknown

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