EP0056923A2 - Antenna having small dimensions - Google Patents

Antenna having small dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0056923A2
EP0056923A2 EP81402082A EP81402082A EP0056923A2 EP 0056923 A2 EP0056923 A2 EP 0056923A2 EP 81402082 A EP81402082 A EP 81402082A EP 81402082 A EP81402082 A EP 81402082A EP 0056923 A2 EP0056923 A2 EP 0056923A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
receiver
metal
plate
metal plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81402082A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0056923B1 (en
EP0056923A3 (en
Inventor
Albert Boubouleix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0056923A2 publication Critical patent/EP0056923A2/en
Publication of EP0056923A3 publication Critical patent/EP0056923A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0056923B1 publication Critical patent/EP0056923B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly a small antenna intended to equip a portable receiver.
  • small antenna is understood to mean an antenna whose dimension is much less than the wavelength of the waves received.
  • the antenna is traditionally made up of two metal plates, forming an electrical dipole, between which the receiver is interposed, an adaptation circuit generally constituted by an inductor, being provided between the receiver and each of the metal plates constituting the dipole.
  • the present invention however relates to a new structure antenna, of reduced size compared to the antenna traditionally used.
  • the antenna of small dimension intended to equip a portable receiver, comprises a metal plate, and a metal case which encloses the constituent elements of the receiver and which is provided with a face placed opposite the metal plate. It is indeed surprising to note that the metal case behaves like a virtual plate located halfway up the metal case, as shown by the results recorded during the experimentation of the antenna according to the invention.
  • the antenna shown in Figure 1 has a metal plate 1 and a metal housing 2, of height H containing the elements constituting the receiver (these elements are not shown in the figure).
  • the metal case has a parallelepiped shape, but any shape would be suitable.
  • One face 3 of the parallelepiped 2 is placed opposite the plate 1, at a distance L from the latter.
  • the face 3 has a surface substantially equal to that of the plate 1.
  • the antenna is said to be of small dimension because the dimension L is much less than the wavelength of the waves received.
  • An inductor 4 intended to ensure the adaptation of the antenna of the receiver, is provided with a first terminal connected to the plate 1 and a second terminal connected to a first input of an amplifier (not shown in the figure 1) located inside the metal case and forming part of the input stage of the receiver, a second input of this amplifier being connected to the box.
  • the antenna thus constituted behaves like an electric dipole comprising, as shown in FIG. 2, a first metal plate constituted by plate 1 and a second metal plate constituted by a virtual metal plate 5 located at mid -height ( ⁇ ) of the housing 2.
  • FIG. 3 representing the equipotential lines obtained around the antenna according to the invention when the latter is placed in a uniform electric field, in a rheographic tank.
  • aa ' shows that the electric field which bypasses the housing from below is not used.
  • the electric field is zero towards the middle of the box (points 0 and 0 ').
  • the tangential component of the electric field is zero at the limit of the housing.
  • the structure of this antenna has several advantages compared to the structure of the antenna traditionally used.
  • a first advantage is that the size is reduced. More precisely, the height of the antenna and housing assembly is reduced by a height equal to L.
  • a second advantage is that we save inductances.
  • the signals supplied by the two metal plates were in phase opposition. It was therefore necessary to provide a mid-point transformer consisting of a first winding provided a first terminal connected to the first plate, a second terminal connected to the second plate, and a second winding provided with a first terminal connected to the input of an amplifier forming part of the stage d input of the receiver and of a second terminal set to a reference potential, the midpoint of the first winding also being set to this reference potential.
  • the second antenna plate according to the invention consists of the receiver housing. It therefore suffices to connect the first terminal of the amplifier to the plate 1 via the inductor 4, and a second terminal of the amplifier to the housing 2 which by definition constitutes a reference potential.
  • a third advantage is that the metallization of the receiver housing provides impermeability to stray electric fields.
  • the electronic circuits constituting the receiver are thus protected from direct coupling with the external environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Cette antenne, destinée à équiper un récepteur portatif, comporte un plaque métallique (1) et un boîtier métallique (2) qui renferme les éléments constitutifs du récepteur et qui est muni d'une face (3) placée en regard de la plaque métallique (1), le boîtier métallique (2) se comportant comme une plaque virtuelle située à mi-hauteur du boîtier. Application aux récepteurs portatifs de signaux radioélectriques.This antenna, intended to equip a portable receiver, comprises a metal plate (1) and a metal case (2) which encloses the constituent elements of the receiver and which is provided with a face (3) placed opposite the metal plate ( 1), the metal case (2) behaving like a virtual plate located halfway up the case. Application to portable receivers of radio signals.

Description

La présente invention concerne une antenne, et plus particulièrement une antenne de petite dimension destinée à équiper un récepteur portatif.The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly a small antenna intended to equip a portable receiver.

On entend par antenne de petite dimension une antenne dont la dimension est très inférieure à la longueur d'onde des ondes reçues.The term “small antenna” is understood to mean an antenna whose dimension is much less than the wavelength of the waves received.

Ce type de récepteur se rencontre notamment dans les sytèmes de transmission de signaux radioélectriques émis par un émetteur de base et destinés à des usagers, munis de récepteurs portatifs, se déplaçant à l'intérieur d'un périmètre défini par un rayon de grandeur limitée autour de leur poste téléphonique ou radiotéléphonique d'abonné. Ces systèmes sont plus connus sous le terme de systèmes d'appel unilatéral ou encore de systèmes "EUROSIGNAL".This type of receiver is encountered in particular in the systems for transmitting radioelectric signals emitted by a basic transmitter and intended for users, provided with portable receivers, moving within a perimeter defined by a radius of magnitude limited around of their subscriber telephone or radiotelephone extension. These systems are better known under the term of unilateral calling systems or “EUROSIGNAL” systems.

Dans ces systèmes, il est souhaitable pour le confort de l'usager, de réduire le plus possible les dimensions du récepteur et de l'antenne incorporée au récepteur.In these systems, it is desirable for the comfort of the user, to reduce as much as possible the dimensions of the receiver and of the antenna incorporated in the receiver.

L'antenne est traditionnellement constituée de deux plaques métalliques, formant un dipôle électrique, entre lesquelles est interposé le récepteur, un circuit d'adaptation généralement constitué par une inductance, étant prévu entre le récepteur et chacune des plaques métalliques constituant le dipôle.The antenna is traditionally made up of two metal plates, forming an electrical dipole, between which the receiver is interposed, an adaptation circuit generally constituted by an inductor, being provided between the receiver and each of the metal plates constituting the dipole.

Les efforts de réduction d'encombrement ont jusqu'à présent été essentiellement orientés vers la réduction du volume occupé par le récepteur, et ont bénéficié largement des apports de la microélectronique dans ce domaine.The efforts to reduce congestion have so far been essentially oriented towards reducing the volume occupied by the receiver, and have benefited greatly from the contributions of microelectronics in this field.

En revanche il était difficilement envisageable sans changer la structure de l'antenne, de réduire le volume occupé par la structure décrite précédemment.On the other hand, it was difficult to envisage, without changing the structure of the antenna, to reduce the volume occupied by the structure described above.

Or, tant par sa conformité aux connaissances acquises en matière d'antennes, que par tradition héritée d'un usage répété, la structure de l'antenne utilisée jusqu'à présent semblait difficilement pouvoir être remise en question.However, both by its conformity to the knowledge acquired in terms of antennas, and by tradition inherited from repeated use, the structure of the antenna used until now seemed difficult to be questioned.

La présente invention a cependant pour objet une nouvelle structure d'antenne, d'encombrement réduit par rapport à l'antenne utilisée traditionnellement.The present invention however relates to a new structure antenna, of reduced size compared to the antenna traditionally used.

Selon l'invention l'antenne de petite dimension, destinée à équiper un récepteur portatif, comporte une plaque métallique, et un boîtier métallique qui renferme les éléments constitutifs du récepteur et qui est muni d'une face placée en regard de la plaque métallique. Il est en effet surprenant de constater que le boîtier métallique se comporte comme une plaque virtuelle située à mi-hauteur du boîtier métallique, comme le montrent les résultats enregistrés lors de l'expérimentation de l'antenne conforme à l'invention.According to the invention the antenna of small dimension, intended to equip a portable receiver, comprises a metal plate, and a metal case which encloses the constituent elements of the receiver and which is provided with a face placed opposite the metal plate. It is indeed surprising to note that the metal case behaves like a virtual plate located halfway up the metal case, as shown by the results recorded during the experimentation of the antenna according to the invention.

Les objets et caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un exemple de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins ci- annexés dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 montre la structure d'une antenne conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est un schéma équivalent de la structure représentée à la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 est un diagramme représentant les lignes équipotentielles obtenues lorsqu'on expérimente l'antenne conforme à l'invention dans une cuve rhéographique.
The objects and characteristics of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment, said description being made in relation to the attached drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 shows the structure of an antenna according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is an equivalent diagram of the structure shown in Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 is a diagram showing the equipotential lines obtained when testing the antenna according to the invention in a rheographic tank.

L'antenne représentée sur la figure 1 comporte une plaque métallique 1 et un boîtier métallique 2, de hauteur H renfermant les éléments constituant le récepteur (ces éléments n'étant pas représentés sur la figure). A titre d'exemple le boîtier métallique a une forme parallélépipédique, mais une forme quelconque conviendrait. Une face 3 du parallélépipède 2 est placée en regard de la plaque 1, à une distance L de celle-ci. A titre d'exemple, la face 3 a une surface sensiblement égale à celle de la plaque 1. L'antenne est dite de petite dimension car la dimension L est très inférieure à la longueur d'onde des ondes reçues.The antenna shown in Figure 1 has a metal plate 1 and a metal housing 2, of height H containing the elements constituting the receiver (these elements are not shown in the figure). As an example, the metal case has a parallelepiped shape, but any shape would be suitable. One face 3 of the parallelepiped 2 is placed opposite the plate 1, at a distance L from the latter. By way of example, the face 3 has a surface substantially equal to that of the plate 1. The antenna is said to be of small dimension because the dimension L is much less than the wavelength of the waves received.

Une inductance 4, destinée à assurer l'adaptation de l'antenne du récepteur, est munie d'une première borne reliée à la plaque 1 et d'une seconde borne reliée à une première entrée d'un amplificateur (non représenté sur la figure 1) situé à l'intérieur du boîtier métallique et faisant partie de l'étage d'entrée du récepteur, une seconde entrée de cet amplificateur étant reliée au boîtier.An inductor 4, intended to ensure the adaptation of the antenna of the receiver, is provided with a first terminal connected to the plate 1 and a second terminal connected to a first input of an amplifier (not shown in the figure 1) located inside the metal case and forming part of the input stage of the receiver, a second input of this amplifier being connected to the box.

L'expérimentation prouve que l'antenne ainsi constituée se comporte comme un dipôle électrique comportant, comme le montre la figure 2, une première plaque métallique constituée par la plaque 1 et une seconde plaque métallique constituée par une plaque métallique virtuelle 5 se situant à mi-hauteur (ï) du boîtier 2.Experimentation proves that the antenna thus constituted behaves like an electric dipole comprising, as shown in FIG. 2, a first metal plate constituted by plate 1 and a second metal plate constituted by a virtual metal plate 5 located at mid -height (ï) of the housing 2.

Il suffit pour cela de se référer à la figure 3 représentant les lignes équipotentielles obtenues autour de l'antenne conforme à l'invention lorsqu'on place celle-ci dans un champ électrique uniforme, en cuve rhéographique. Sur cette figure on remarque une concentration du champ qui passe entre les armatures du condensateur formé par la plaque métallique et par la face du boîtier métallique qui est placée en regard de la plaque métallique. On remarque également une ligne de séparation aa' qui montre que le champ électrique qui contourne le boîtier par le bas n'est pas utilisé. On remarque également que le champ électrique est nul vers le milieu du boîtier (points 0 et 0'). On remarque également que la composante tangentielle du champ électrique est nulle à la limite du boîtier.For this, it suffices to refer to FIG. 3 representing the equipotential lines obtained around the antenna according to the invention when the latter is placed in a uniform electric field, in a rheographic tank. In this figure, we can see a concentration of the field which passes between the armatures of the capacitor formed by the metal plate and by the face of the metal case which is placed opposite the metal plate. There is also a separation line aa 'which shows that the electric field which bypasses the housing from below is not used. We also note that the electric field is zero towards the middle of the box (points 0 and 0 '). We also note that the tangential component of the electric field is zero at the limit of the housing.

On constate donc que tout se passe comme si l'ensemble formé par la plaque métallique et par le boîtier métallique se comportait comme un condensateur dont une première armature est constituée par la plaque métallique, et dont une seconde armature est constituée non pas par la face du boîtier placée en regard de la plaque métallique, mais par une plaque virtuelle située à mi-hauteur du boîtier.It can therefore be seen that everything takes place as if the assembly formed by the metal plate and by the metal case behaved like a capacitor, a first frame of which is formed by the metal plate, and a second frame of which is not made up of the face of the box placed opposite the metal plate, but by a virtual plate located halfway up the box.

La structure de cette antenne présente plusieurs avantages par rapport à la structure de l'antenne utilisée traditionnellement.The structure of this antenna has several advantages compared to the structure of the antenna traditionally used.

Un premier avantage est que l'encombrement se trouve réduit. Plus précisément la hauteur de l'ensemble antenne et boîtier se trouve réduite d'une hauteur égale à L.A first advantage is that the size is reduced. More precisely, the height of the antenna and housing assembly is reduced by a height equal to L.

Un second avantage est qu'on réalise une économie d'inductances. En effet auparavant les signaux fournis par les deux plaques métalliques étaient en opposition de phase. Il était donc nécessaire de prévoir un transformateur à point milieu constitué d'un premier enroulement muni d'une première borne reliée à la première plaque, d'une seconde borne reliée à la seconde plaque, et d'un second enroulement muni d'une première borne reliée à l'entrée d'un amplificateur faisant partie de l'étage d'entrée du récepteur et d'une seconde borne mise à un potentiel de référence, le point milieu du premier enroulement étant également mis à ce potentiel de référence. Or la seconde plaque de l'antenne conforme à l'invention est constituée par le boîtier du récepteur. Il suffit donc de relier la première borne de l'amplificateur à la plaque 1 via l'inductance 4, et une seconde borne de l'amplificateur au boîtier 2 qui constitue par définition un potentiel de référence.A second advantage is that we save inductances. In fact, before, the signals supplied by the two metal plates were in phase opposition. It was therefore necessary to provide a mid-point transformer consisting of a first winding provided a first terminal connected to the first plate, a second terminal connected to the second plate, and a second winding provided with a first terminal connected to the input of an amplifier forming part of the stage d input of the receiver and of a second terminal set to a reference potential, the midpoint of the first winding also being set to this reference potential. However, the second antenna plate according to the invention consists of the receiver housing. It therefore suffices to connect the first terminal of the amplifier to the plate 1 via the inductor 4, and a second terminal of the amplifier to the housing 2 which by definition constitutes a reference potential.

Un troisième avantage est que la métallisation du boîtier du récepteur procure une impermébilité aux champs électriques parasites. Les circuits électroniques constituant le récepteur se trouvent ainsi protégés des couplages directs avec l'environnement extérieur.A third advantage is that the metallization of the receiver housing provides impermeability to stray electric fields. The electronic circuits constituting the receiver are thus protected from direct coupling with the external environment.

Claims (5)

1. Antenne de petite dimension, destinée à équiper un récepteur portatif, et comportant une plaque métallique (1), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un boîtier métallique (2) qui renferme les éléments constitutifs du récepteur et qui est muni d'une face (3) placée en regard de la plaque métallique (1), le boîtier métallique (2) se comportant comme une plaque virtuelle (5) située à mi-hauteur du boîtier métallique (2).1. Small antenna, intended to equip a portable receiver, and comprising a metal plate (1), characterized in that it comprises a metal case (2) which encloses the constituent elements of the receiver and which is provided with a face (3) placed opposite the metal plate (1), the metal case (2) behaving like a virtual plate (5) located halfway up the metal case (2). 2. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la face (3) du boîtier métallique qui est placée en regard de la plaque métallique (1) a une surface sensiblement égale à celle de la plaque métallique (1).2. Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the face (3) of the metal case which is placed opposite the metal plate (1) has a surface substantially equal to that of the metal plate (1). 3. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le boîtier métallique a une forme parallélépipèdique.3. Antenna according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the metal housing has a parallelepiped shape. 4. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 et 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est adaptée au récepteur au moyen d'une inductance (4) muni d'une première borne reliée à la plaque métallique (1) et d'une seconde borne reliée au récepteur.4. Antenna according to one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that it is adapted to the receiver by means of an inductor (4) provided with a first terminal connected to the metal plate (1) and with a second terminal connected to the receiver. 5. Antenne selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la liaison entre l'inductance (4) et le récepteur se fait par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur muni d'une première entrée reliée à la seconde borne de l'inductance et d'une seconde entrée reliée au boîtier métallique (2).5. Antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection between the inductor (4) and the receiver is made by means of an amplifier provided with a first input connected to the second terminal of the inductor and a second input connected to the metal case (2).
EP81402082A 1981-01-23 1981-12-28 Antenna having small dimensions Expired EP0056923B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8101291A FR2498819B1 (en) 1981-01-23 1981-01-23 SMALL ANTENNA
FR8101291 1981-01-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0056923A2 true EP0056923A2 (en) 1982-08-04
EP0056923A3 EP0056923A3 (en) 1982-08-11
EP0056923B1 EP0056923B1 (en) 1986-10-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81402082A Expired EP0056923B1 (en) 1981-01-23 1981-12-28 Antenna having small dimensions

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4491843A (en)
EP (1) EP0056923B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3175454D1 (en)
DK (1) DK21382A (en)
FR (1) FR2498819B1 (en)

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EP0366393A2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-02 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Antenna for radio telephone
EP0366393A3 (en) * 1988-10-26 1991-05-29 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Antenna for radio telephone
EP0509339A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Hagenuk Gmbh Antenna with top loading capacity for a mobile telephone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4491843A (en) 1985-01-01
FR2498819A1 (en) 1982-07-30
EP0056923B1 (en) 1986-10-08
DK21382A (en) 1982-07-24
EP0056923A3 (en) 1982-08-11
DE3175454D1 (en) 1986-11-13
FR2498819B1 (en) 1985-05-31

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