EP0050840A1 - Process to adjust compound regulators for burners in heat-generating equipments - Google Patents

Process to adjust compound regulators for burners in heat-generating equipments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0050840A1
EP0050840A1 EP81108690A EP81108690A EP0050840A1 EP 0050840 A1 EP0050840 A1 EP 0050840A1 EP 81108690 A EP81108690 A EP 81108690A EP 81108690 A EP81108690 A EP 81108690A EP 0050840 A1 EP0050840 A1 EP 0050840A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
fuel
microprocessor
exhaust gas
determined
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Granted
Application number
EP81108690A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0050840B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Dungs
Gerd Mattes
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Karl Dungs GmbH and Co KG
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Karl Dungs GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/10—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers power assisted, e.g. using electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting compound controllers for burners in heat generating systems, which can be set in stages to different heating capacities and fuel flow rates depending on the heat requirement, with an air control valve (air flap) for the combustion air and a fuel control valve which is set by actuators, in particular servomotors bar, which receive their control commands from a control unit, in particular in the form of a microprocessor, which generates the control commands as a function of the current heat requirement, the operating signals of an automatic burner control system and stored air: fuel value pairs.
  • air flap air flap
  • fuel control valve which is set by actuators, in particular servomotors bar, which receive their control commands from a control unit, in particular in the form of a microprocessor, which generates the control commands as a function of the current heat requirement, the operating signals of an automatic burner control system and stored air: fuel value pairs.
  • the actuators were formed by a lever mechanism which adjusted the air flap and the fuel control valve. Since the ratio of the valve positions changes non-linearly with the heat requirement, the two actuators were linked to each other via a cam. The cam was rotated depending on the heat requirement and the contour of the cam determined the ratio of air volume: fuel quantity.
  • the cams could not be identical from system to system because system-specific features required a special setting in each operating point.
  • the cams were adjustable; a steel band was placed over the cam disc, which was adjustable point by point by means of screws screwed radially into the cam disc.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method with which a compound controller for burners in heat-generating systems, which is controlled by a microprocessor, can be quickly and reliably adjusted to the respective system.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by replacing the microprocessor with a mobile computer for determining and storing the air: fuel jets when starting up for the first time or during an inspection, which program-controlled traverses the burner's work area , the exhaust gas condition is recorded at each working point by means of a probe and the air: fuel ratio is adjusted to the target by adjusting brings what the supply set in this way: fuel value pairs are determined and written into a memory.
  • the pulses of the control commands that are delivered to the servomotors could be counted and summed.
  • this method is relatively unsafe, which is why, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the position feedback signals from the air damper or combustion ; fabric control valve can be used.
  • a 0 2 probe is preferably used to determine the exhaust gas state; however, a 00 2 and / or a CO probe can also be used in the same way or in addition.
  • the pairs of values determined by the computer could, for example, be printed out and transferred manually into the main memory of the operating microprocessor.
  • fuel value pairs into the working memory of the operating microprocessor a programming device controlled by the computer, to which the working memory of the operating microprocessor is connected. This enables rapid and reliable transmission.
  • the computer also determines and enters an error code which allows the operating microprocessor to check for correctness when querying the values from the main memory.
  • a program-controlled computer which takes the place of the microprocessor to set the compound controller and which runs through a complete cycle of the system, the exhaust gas values being determined at each operating point and the computer depending on a pair of values for the actuators is determined from the determined exhaust gas values.
  • the actuators are adjusted in accordance with this determined pair of values or a determined correction value and it is then determined again by means of the exhaust gas measurement whether the desired exhaust gas composition has been reached.
  • the correction motors are again determined and readjusted, which is automatically carried out by the computer until the desired exhaust gas state is reached, whereupon the actual position values of the servomotors are queried and stored; at the same time the error detection code is automatically determined by the computer and stored together with the pair of values.
  • the computer is replaced again by the operating microprocessor, which now queries the corrected value pairs from the working memory in accordance with the heat demand requirements and controls the actuators accordingly.
  • the ready-to-operate system of a compound controller shown in FIG. 1 comprises as a central element a microprocessor 1j to which program memories 2 and 3 are connected with the interposition of a comparator 4 and a gate circuit 5.
  • the comparator 4 the values retrieved from the program memory are compared and, if they match, are passed on to the microprocessor 1 via the gate circuit 5. If the data do not match, then the gate circuit 5 is closed by the comparator 4 and triggers an interrupt. This prevents incorrect controls.
  • an analog-digital converter 6 is also connected to the microprocessor 1, which converts the analog heat demand message or heat output request into a digital signal suitable for the microprocessor 1.
  • a known automatic burner control 7 is connected to the microprocessor 1, which in turn is connected to a safety valve, a flame monitor and the like.
  • a working memory 8 is also connected to the microprocessor 1, which contains air: fuel value pairs and an error code assigned to each value pair.
  • the microprocessor 1 queries a pair of values from the main memory and uses this to generate a control command which it sends to a connected converter 9 or 10 supplies, which in turn each control a servomotor 11 or 12, which controls an air flap 13 in an air supply line 14 or a fuel control valve 15 in a fuel supply line 16.
  • the position of the air flap 13 or the fuel control valve 15 that has actually been reached is reported back to the command converter 9 or 10 via lines 17 and 18, which in turn supplies a corresponding feedback signal to the microprocessor 1.
  • a 0 2 probe can also be provided, the output signal of which is fed to the microprocessor 1 via an analog-digital converter 19, which then makes a corresponding slight allowable adjustment of the air flap 13 or the fuel control valve 15.
  • the microprocessor 1 which controls the normal operation of the system, is replaced by a computer 20 with a connected program memory 21 in a system according to FIG. 1 compared to the microprocessor 1 unchanged the analog-digital converter 6 and 19, the burner control 7 and the command converter 9 and 10 connected.
  • the computer 20 is still one
  • Exhaust gas measuring device 22 is connected, which converts signals from an exhaust gas probe 23 into signal forms suitable for the computer 20.
  • the exhaust gas probe 23 is inserted in an exhaust gas duct 24.
  • the entire operating range is now traversed by corresponding input into the analog-digital converter 6, with the computer following the servomotors 11 and 12 at each working point, depending on the values obtained from the exhaust gas measuring device 22, until the exhaust gas probe 23 detects it reports the desired state of the exhaust gas.
  • the signals present on the lines 17 and 18 at this point in time are recorded and stored.
  • the procedure is generally such that the air flap 13 and the fuel control valve are not readjusted, but the fuel control valve 15 is adjusted to a corresponding throughput in accordance with the operating point or heat requirement and the air flap 13 is adjusted to set the desired exhaust gas composition. It can also be done the other way around, namely that the air flap is adjusted and the fuel control valve is moved.
  • a commercially available programming device 25 is connected to the computer 20 according to FIG. 3, which inputs the new values into the working memory 8 designed as a RePROM.
  • the computer 20 determines an additional code signal for each pair of air: fuel values and enters it in the working memory 8. Using this code word, the microprocessor 1 can determine when the system is operating whether the air: fuel value pairs retrieved from the working memory 8 are faulty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method of adjusting coupled controls for burners in heating installations which are adjustable in steps for different heat outputs and fuel throughputs according to heat requirement, having an air control valve (air gate) for the combustion air and a fuel control valve both of which are adjustable by adjusting members, in particular - servo motors receiving their control signals from a microprocessor which produces the control signals in dependence upon the instantaneous heat requirement, the operating signals of an installation control system and stored air:fuel paired values characterised in that for determining and storing the air:fuel paired values when the apparatus is taken into operation for the first time or is inspected the microprocessor (1) is replaced by a computer (20) which in programmed manner runs through the working region of the burner, analyses the state of the exhaust gas by means of a probe (23) and by subsequent adjustment of the air:fuel ratio brings the state of the exhaust gas to the desired value whereupon the so adjusted air:fuel paired values are generated and written into a store (8).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung von Verbundreglern für Brenner in Wärmeerzeugungsanlagen, die in Stufen auf je nach Wärmebedarf unterschiedliche Heizleistungen und Brennstoffdurchsätze einstellbar sind, mit einem Luftregelventil (Luftklappe) für die Verbrennungsluft und einem Brennstoffregelventil, die durch Stellglieder, insbesondere Stellmotoren, einstellbar sind, die ihre Steuerbefehle von einem Steuergerät, insbesondere in Gestalt eines Mikroprozessors erhalten, das die Steuerbefehle in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Wärmebedarf, von den Betriebssignalen eines Feuerungsautomaten und von gespeicherten Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaaren erzeugt.The invention relates to a method for setting compound controllers for burners in heat generating systems, which can be set in stages to different heating capacities and fuel flow rates depending on the heat requirement, with an air control valve (air flap) for the combustion air and a fuel control valve which is set by actuators, in particular servomotors bar, which receive their control commands from a control unit, in particular in the form of a microprocessor, which generates the control commands as a function of the current heat requirement, the operating signals of an automatic burner control system and stored air: fuel value pairs.

Bei bekannten derartigen Anlagen, bei denen es sich vorzugsweise um Großanlagen handelt, waren die Stellglieder durch ein Hebelwerk gebildet, die Luftklappe und Brennstoffregelventil verstellten. Da sich das Verhältnis der Ventilstellungen nichtlinear mit dem Wärmebedarf verändert waren die beiden Stellglieder über eine Kurvenscheibe miteinander verknüpft. Das Verdrehen der Kurvenscheibe erfolgte in Abhängigkeit vom Wärmebedarf und die Kontur der Kurvenscheibe bestimmte das Verhältnis von Luftmenge:Brennstoffmenge. Die Kurvenscheiben konnten jedoch nicht von Anlage zu Anlage identisch sein, weil anlagenspezifische Besonderheiten eine spezielle Einstellung in jedem Arbeitspunkt erforderten. Zu diesem Zweck waren die Kurvenscheiben einstellbar; es war ein Stahlband über die Kurvenscheibe gelegt, das mittels radial in die Kurvenscheibe eingedrehter Schrauben punktweise verstellbar war. Zur Einregulierung der Anlage wurden alle Arbeitspunkte der Reihe nach angefahren und es wurde dann der jeweilige Arbeitspunkt durch Verstellen der Schraube in Abhängigkeit von Abgaswerten eingestellt. Ein derartiges Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Speicherung der Luft :Brennstoff-Wertepaare ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und erfordert viel Zeit sowie fachkundiges Personal.In known systems of this type, which are preferably large systems, the actuators were formed by a lever mechanism which adjusted the air flap and the fuel control valve. Since the ratio of the valve positions changes non-linearly with the heat requirement, the two actuators were linked to each other via a cam. The cam was rotated depending on the heat requirement and the contour of the cam determined the ratio of air volume: fuel quantity. However, the cams could not be identical from system to system because system-specific features required a special setting in each operating point. For this purpose the cams were adjustable; a steel band was placed over the cam disc, which was adjustable point by point by means of screws screwed radially into the cam disc. To adjust the system, all working points were approached in sequence and the respective working point was then set by adjusting the screw depending on the exhaust gas values. Such a method for determining and storing the air: fuel value pairs, however, are very complex and require a lot of time and specialist personnel.

Inzwischen wird daran gearbeitet, als Steuergerät einen Mikroprozessor zu verwenden, der als Stellglieder dienende Stellmotoren steuert. Das grundlegende Einstellproblem, nämlich die anlagenspezifische Ermittlung und Speicherung der Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare ist jedoch nach wie vor erforderlich; es ist lediglich anstelle des mechanischen Speichers (Kurvenscheibe) ein elektronischer Speicher (PROM oder RePROM) getreten. Die Ermittlung der Zuft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare, die in diesen Speicher eingegeben werden müssen, ist jedoch noch immer gleich aufwendig und zeitraubend, weil alle Arbeitspunkte nacheinander angefahren, die Stellmotoren in Abhängigkeit von einer Abgasmessung nachgesteuert, die festgestellten Positionen der Stellmotoren ermittelt und aufgezeichnet werden müssen. Wegen dieses großen Aufwandes war seither die Verwendung derartiger Verbundregler auf größere Anlagen beschränkt.Work is now underway to use a microprocessor as the control device, which controls servomotors serving as actuators. The basic adjustment problem, namely the system-specific determination and storage of the air: fuel value pairs are still required; an electronic memory (PROM or RePROM) has merely replaced the mechanical memory (cam). Determining the supply: fuel value pairs that have to be entered into this memory are still equally complex and time-consuming, because all operating points are approached one after the other, the servomotors are readjusted depending on an exhaust gas measurement, and the determined positions of the servomotors are determined and recorded have to. Because of this great effort, the use of such compound controllers has since been restricted to larger systems.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem ein Verbundregler für Brenner in wärmeerzeugenden Anlagen, der von einem Mikroprozessor gesteuert wird, rasch und zuverlässig auf die jeweilige Anlage eingestellt werden kann.The object of the present invention is to provide a method with which a compound controller for burners in heat-generating systems, which is controlled by a microprocessor, can be quickly and reliably adjusted to the respective system.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß zur Ermittlung und Einspeicherung der Luft:Brennstoff-Jerte- paare bei der erstmaligen Inbetriebnahme oder einer Inspektion der Mikroprozessor durch einen mobilen Rechner ersetzt wird, der programmgesteuert den Arbeitsbereich des Brenners durchfährt, in jedem Arbeitspunkt mittels einer Sonde den Abgaszustand erfaßt und durch Nachstellen das Luft:Brennstoff-Verhältnis auf den Sollwert bringt, worauf die in dieser Weise eingestellten Zuft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare ermittelt und in einen Speicher eingeschrieben werden.This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by replacing the microprocessor with a mobile computer for determining and storing the air: fuel jets when starting up for the first time or during an inspection, which program-controlled traverses the burner's work area , the exhaust gas condition is recorded at each working point by means of a probe and the air: fuel ratio is adjusted to the target by adjusting brings what the supply set in this way: fuel value pairs are determined and written into a memory.

Durch die Methode, das Steuergerät durch einen Rechner zu ersetzen, der den Arbeitsbereich des Brenners durchfährt, die Stellmotoren in Abhängigkeit von den Abgaswerten nachstellt und die eingestellten Werte ermittelt und speichert, läßt sich ein derartiger Verbundregler mit einem Bruchteil des seither erforderlichen Zeitaufwandes sowohl erstmalig einstellen als auch in den vorgeschriebenen Inspektionsintervallen überprüfen und nachstellen. Damit ist es auch erstmalig möglich geworden, derartige Verbundregler in mittleren Anlagen einsetzen zu können, bei denen der seither erforderliche Einstell- und Wartungsaufwand unwirtschaftlich groß war. Der Aufwand für den mobilen Rechner verteilt sich auf viele Anlagen und spielt daher keine besondere Rolle. Das Einschalten des Rechners anstelle des Mikroprozessors erfordert lediglich das Auswechseln einiger Steckbindungen. Zusätzlich ist dann nur noch das Einsetzen einer Sonde in den Abgaskanal und das Anschließen des Abgasmeßgerätes, das mit dem Rechner verbunden ist, an die Sonde erforderlich. Da ein Anschlußpunkt für Abgassonden im Abgaskanal ohnedies vorgeschrieben ist und daher vorhanden ist, läßt sich eine Einstellung oder Inspektion eines derartigen Verbundreglers erfindungsgemäß mit einem Zeitaufwand vornehmen, wie er auch bei der Emmissionsschutzmessung auftritt, wie sie jeder Schornsteinfeger an Haushaltsheizanlagen durchführt. Auch erfordert die Durchführung des Verfahrens keine besonderen Vorkenntnisse sondern läßt sich innerhalb kurzer Zeit erlernen.With the method of replacing the control unit with a computer that traverses the burner's work area, adjusts the servomotors depending on the exhaust gas values and determines and saves the set values, such a compound controller can be set for the first time with a fraction of the time required since then as well as check and adjust at the prescribed inspection intervals. This also made it possible for the first time to be able to use compound controllers of this type in medium-sized systems in which the adjustment and maintenance work required since then has been uneconomically large. The effort for the mobile computer is spread over many systems and therefore does not play a special role. Switching on the computer instead of the microprocessor only requires changing a few plug connections. In addition, it is then only necessary to insert a probe into the exhaust gas duct and to connect the exhaust gas measuring device, which is connected to the computer, to the probe. Since a connection point for flue gas probes in the flue gas duct is prescribed in any case and is therefore present, adjustment or inspection of such a compound controller can be carried out according to the invention with a time expenditure which also occurs in the emission protection measurement which every chimney sweep performs on domestic heating systems. The implementation of the process does not require any special previous knowledge, but can be learned within a short time.

Zur Ermittlung der Wertepaare könnten die Impulse der Steuerbefehle, die an die Stellmotoren geliefert werden, gezählt und summiert werden. Diese Methode ist jedoch relativ unsicher, weshalb gemäß einer bevorzugten Durchführungsform der Erfindung zur Ermittlung der Wertepaare die StellungsRückmeldesignale von Luftklappe bzw. Brenn- ; stoffregelventil verwendet werden.To determine the value pairs, the pulses of the control commands that are delivered to the servomotors could be counted and summed. However, this method is relatively unsafe, which is why, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the position feedback signals from the air damper or combustion ; fabric control valve can be used.

Zur Ermittlung des Abgaszustandes wird vorzugsweise eine 02-Sonde verwendet; ebenso oder zusätzlich kann jedoch auch eine 002- und/oder eine CO-Sonde verwendet werden.A 0 2 probe is preferably used to determine the exhaust gas state; however, a 00 2 and / or a CO probe can also be used in the same way or in addition.

Die vom Rechner ermittelten Wertepaare könnten beispielsweise ausgedruckt und manuell in den Arbeitsspeicher des Betriebsmikroprozessors übertragen werden. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dagegen dient zum Einlesen der ermittelten Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare in den Arbeitsspeicher des Betriebsmikroprozessors ein von dem Rechner gesteuertes Programmiergerät, an das der Arbeitsspeicher des Betriebsmikroprozessors angeschlossen wird. Dadurch läßt sich eine rasche und zuverlässige Übertragung verwirklichen. Insbesondere wird dabei von dem Rechner noch ein Fehlercode ermittelt und mit eingegeben, der es gestattet, daß der Betriebsmikroprozessor bei der Abfrage der Werte aus dem Arbeitsspeicher eine Überprüfung auf Richtigkeit vornehmen kann.The pairs of values determined by the computer could, for example, be printed out and transferred manually into the main memory of the operating microprocessor. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, on the other hand, for reading in the determined air: fuel value pairs into the working memory of the operating microprocessor, a programming device controlled by the computer, to which the working memory of the operating microprocessor is connected. This enables rapid and reliable transmission. In particular, the computer also determines and enters an error code which allows the operating microprocessor to check for correctness when querying the values from the main memory.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird also ein programmgesteuerter Rechner verwendet, der zur Einstellung des Verbundreglers an die Stelle des Mikroprozessors tritt und der einen vollständigen Zyklus der Anlage durchfährt, wobei in jedem Arbeitspunkt die Abgaswerte ermittelt werden und der Rechner in Abhängigkeit von den ermittelten Abgaswerten ein Wertepaar für die Stellglieder ermittelt. Entsprechend diesem ermittelten Wertepaar, bzw. einem ermittelten Korrekturwert werden die Stellglieder nachgestellt und es wird dann erneut mittels der Abgasmessung festgestellt, ob die gewünschte Abgaszusammensetzung erreicht ist. Ist dies nicht der Fall, erfolgt eine erneute Korrekturwertermittlung und Nachstellung der Stellmotoren, was von dem Rechner selbsttätig solange durchgeführt wird, bis der gewünschte Abgaszustand erreicht ist, worauf die tatsächlichen Stellungswerte der Stellmotoren abgefragt und gespeichert werden; dabei wird gleichzeitig noch der Fehlererkennungscode von dem Rechner selbsttätig ermittelt und zusammen mit dem Wertepaar gespeichert. Nach dem Durchführen dieser Ermittlungen und Speicherungen für sämtliche Arbeitspunkte des Brenners wird der Rechner wieder durch den Betriebsmikroprozessor ersetzt, der nunmehr entsprechend den Wärmebedarfsanforderungen die korrigierten Wertepaare aus dem Arbeitsspeicher abfragt und entsprechend die Stellglieder ansteuert.In the method according to the invention, therefore, a program-controlled computer is used which takes the place of the microprocessor to set the compound controller and which runs through a complete cycle of the system, the exhaust gas values being determined at each operating point and the computer depending on a pair of values for the actuators is determined from the determined exhaust gas values. The actuators are adjusted in accordance with this determined pair of values or a determined correction value and it is then determined again by means of the exhaust gas measurement whether the desired exhaust gas composition has been reached. If this is not the case, the correction motors are again determined and readjusted, which is automatically carried out by the computer until the desired exhaust gas state is reached, whereupon the actual position values of the servomotors are queried and stored; at the same time the error detection code is automatically determined by the computer and stored together with the pair of values. After this determination and storage has been carried out for all working points of the burner, the computer is replaced again by the operating microprocessor, which now queries the corrected value pairs from the working memory in accordance with the heat demand requirements and controls the actuators accordingly.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Zeichnung im Zusammenhang mit den Ansprüchen. Es zeigen in vereinfachter und schematisierter Darstellung unter Weglassung aller für das Verständnis nicht wesentlichen Einzelheiten:

  • Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild eines Verbundreglers mit Betriebsmikroprozessor,
  • Fig. 2 das Blockschaltbild der Anlage bei durch den mobilen Rechner ersetztem Mikroprozessor, und
  • Fig. 3 ein Teil-Blockschaltbild der Einspeicherung der ermittelten Werte in den Arbeitsspeicher des Betriebsmikroprozessors.
Further details and configurations of the present invention result from the following description of the drawing in connection with the claims. They show in a simplified and schematic representation, leaving out all details that are not essential for understanding:
  • 1 is a block diagram of a compound controller with operating microprocessor,
  • Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the system with the microprocessor replaced by the mobile computer, and
  • 3 shows a partial block diagram of the storage of the determined values in the main memory of the operating microprocessor.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte betriebsfertige Anlage eines Verbundreglers umfaßt als zentrales Element einen Mikroprozessor 1j, an den Programmspeicher 2 und 3 unter Zwischenschaltung eines Vergleichers 4 und einer Torschaltung 5 angeschlossen sind. Im Vergleicher 4 werden die aus dem Programmspeicher abgerufenen Werte verglichen und bei Übereinstimmung über die Torschaltung 5 an den Mikroprozessor 1 weitergegeben. Stimmen die Daten nicht überein, dann wird die Torschaltung 5 vom Vergleicher 4 geschlossen und löst einen Interrupt aus. Dadurch werden Fehlsteuerungen vermieden.The ready-to-operate system of a compound controller shown in FIG. 1 comprises as a central element a microprocessor 1j to which program memories 2 and 3 are connected with the interposition of a comparator 4 and a gate circuit 5. In the comparator 4, the values retrieved from the program memory are compared and, if they match, are passed on to the microprocessor 1 via the gate circuit 5. If the data do not match, then the gate circuit 5 is closed by the comparator 4 and triggers an interrupt. This prevents incorrect controls.

An den Mikroprozessor 1 ist ferner der Ausgang eines Analog-Digital-Wandlers 6 angeschlossen, der die analoge Wärmebedarfsmeldung oder Wärmeleistungsanforderung in ein für den Mikroprozessor 1 geeignetes Digitalsignal umsetzt. Außerdem ist an den Mikroprozessor 1 ein an sich bekannter Feuerungsautomat 7 angeschlossen, der seinerseits mit einem Sicherheitsventil, einem Flammenwächter und dgl. zusammengeschaltet ist.The output of an analog-digital converter 6 is also connected to the microprocessor 1, which converts the analog heat demand message or heat output request into a digital signal suitable for the microprocessor 1. In addition, a known automatic burner control 7 is connected to the microprocessor 1, which in turn is connected to a safety valve, a flame monitor and the like.

Mit dem Mikroprozessor 1 ist ferner ein Arbeitsspeicher 8 verbunden, der Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare sowie einen jedem Wertepaar zugeordneten Fehlercode enthält. Gemäß dem Programm und dem Signal vom Analog-Digital-Wandler 6 fragt der Mikroprozessor 1 ein Wertepaar aus dem Arbeitsspeicher ab und erzeugt hieraus einen Steuerbefehl, den er an einen angeschlossenen Umsetzer 9 bzw. 10 liefert, die ihrerseits jeweils einen Stellmotor 11 bzw. 12 ansteuern, der eine Luftklappe 13 in einer Zuluftleitung 14 bzw. ein Brennstoffregelventil 15 in einer Brennstoffzuleitung 16 steuert. Über nicht dargestellte Rückmelder wird über Leitungen 17 bzw. 18 die tatsächlich erreichte Position der Luftklappe 13 bzw. des Brennstoffregelventiles 15 an den Befehlsumsetzer 9 bzw. 10 zurückgemeldet, der seinerseits einen entsprechendes Rückmeldesignal an den Mikroprozessor 1 liefert.A working memory 8 is also connected to the microprocessor 1, which contains air: fuel value pairs and an error code assigned to each value pair. According to the program and the signal from the analog-digital converter 6, the microprocessor 1 queries a pair of values from the main memory and uses this to generate a control command which it sends to a connected converter 9 or 10 supplies, which in turn each control a servomotor 11 or 12, which controls an air flap 13 in an air supply line 14 or a fuel control valve 15 in a fuel supply line 16. The position of the air flap 13 or the fuel control valve 15 that has actually been reached is reported back to the command converter 9 or 10 via lines 17 and 18, which in turn supplies a corresponding feedback signal to the microprocessor 1.

Um innerhalb gewisser relativ enger Grenzen, die beispielsweise durch atmosphärische Einflüsse gegeben sind, das Luft:Brennstoff-Verhältnis zu beeinflussen kann noch eine 02-Sonde vorgesehen sein, deren Ausgangssignal über einen Analog-Digital-Wandler 19 den Mikroprozessor 1 zugeführt wird, der daraufhin eine entsprechende geringfügige zulässige Anpassung der Luftklappe 13 oder des Brennstoffregelventiles 15 vornimmt.In order to influence the air: fuel ratio within certain relatively narrow limits, which are given, for example, by atmospheric influences, a 0 2 probe can also be provided, the output signal of which is fed to the microprocessor 1 via an analog-digital converter 19, which then makes a corresponding slight allowable adjustment of the air flap 13 or the fuel control valve 15.

Während die Programmspeicher für jede derartige Anlage im wesentlichen unverändert bleiben können, muß der Inhalt des Arbeitsspeichers für jede Anlage bei der erstmaligen Inbetriebnahme ebenso wie bei periodisch durchzuführenden Inspektionen neu ermittelt und eingegeben werden. Um diesen Arbeitsgang zu vereinfachen, zu beschleunigen und sicherer zu gestalten, wird bei einer Anlage gemäß Fig. 1 der Mikroprozessor 1, der den normalen Betrieb der Anlage steuert, ersetzt durch einen Rechner 20 mit einem angeschlossenen Programmspeicher 21. An den Rechner 20 sind in gegenüber dem Mikroprozessor 1 unveränderter Weise die Analog-Digital-Wandler 6 und 19, der Feuerungsautomat 7 und die Befehlsumsetzer 9 und 10 angeschlossen. Außerdem ist an den Rechner 20 noch einWhile the program memory for each system of this type can remain essentially unchanged, the content of the working memory for each system must be newly determined and entered during initial commissioning as well as during periodic inspections. In order to simplify, accelerate and make this work more secure, the microprocessor 1, which controls the normal operation of the system, is replaced by a computer 20 with a connected program memory 21 in a system according to FIG. 1 compared to the microprocessor 1 unchanged the analog-digital converter 6 and 19, the burner control 7 and the command converter 9 and 10 connected. In addition, the computer 20 is still one

Abgasmeßgerät 22 angeschlossen, das Signale einer Abgassonde 23 in für den Rechner 20 geeignete Signalformen umwandelt. Die Abgassonde 23 ist in einem Abgaskanal 24 eingesetzt.Exhaust gas measuring device 22 is connected, which converts signals from an exhaust gas probe 23 into signal forms suitable for the computer 20. The exhaust gas probe 23 is inserted in an exhaust gas duct 24.

Zum Umstellen der Anlage von Normalbetrieb gemäß Fig. 1 auf die Ermittlung der Luft:Brennstoff =Wertepaare genügt es also, den Mikroprozessor 1 auszustecken und den Rechner 20 einzustecken, die Abgassonde 23 einzubauen und die Verbindung von der Abgassonde 23 zum Abgasmeßgerät 22 herzustellen.To convert the system from normal operation according to FIG. 1 to the determination of the air: fuel = value pairs, it is therefore sufficient to unplug the microprocessor 1 and to plug in the computer 20, to install the exhaust gas probe 23 and to establish the connection from the exhaust gas probe 23 to the exhaust gas measuring device 22.

Zur Ermittlung der gesuchten Wertepaare wird nun durch entsprechende Eingabe in den Analog-Digital-Wandler 6 der gesamte Betriebsbereich abgefahren, wobei an jedem Arbeitspunkt der Rechner in Abhängigkeit der vom Abgasmeßgerät 22 erhaltenen Werte die Stellmotoren 11 und 12 solange nachfährt, bis die Abgassonde 23 den gewünschten Zustand des Abgases meldet. Die zu diesem Zeitpunkt anstehenden Signale auf den Leitungen 17 und 18 werden erfaßt und gespeichert. Dabei wird im allgemeinen so vorgegangen, daß nicht die Luftklappe 13 und das Brennstoffregelventil nachgestellt werden, sondern es wird entsprechend dem Arbeitspunkt bzw. Wärmebedarf das Brennstoffregelventil 15 auf einen entsprechenden Durchsatz eingestellt und es wird die Luftklappe 13 zur Einstellung der gewünschten Abgaszusammensetzung nachgestellt. Es kann auch umgekehrt verfahren werden, daßnämlich die Luftklappe eingestellt und das Brennstoffregelventil nachgefahren wird.To determine the value pairs sought, the entire operating range is now traversed by corresponding input into the analog-digital converter 6, with the computer following the servomotors 11 and 12 at each working point, depending on the values obtained from the exhaust gas measuring device 22, until the exhaust gas probe 23 detects it reports the desired state of the exhaust gas. The signals present on the lines 17 and 18 at this point in time are recorded and stored. The procedure is generally such that the air flap 13 and the fuel control valve are not readjusted, but the fuel control valve 15 is adjusted to a corresponding throughput in accordance with the operating point or heat requirement and the air flap 13 is adjusted to set the desired exhaust gas composition. It can also be done the other way around, namely that the air flap is adjusted and the fuel control valve is moved.

Ist der gesamte Betriebsbereich durchfahren worden, dann wird an den Rechner 20 gemäß Fig. 3 ein handelsübliches Programmiergerät 25 angeschlossen, das die neuen Werte in den als RePROM ausgebildeten Arbeitsspeicher 8 eingibt. Zur Datensicherung wird vom Rechner 20 für jedes Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaar ein zusätzliches Codesignal ermittelt und mit in den Arbeitsspeicher 8 eingegeben. Anhand dieses Codewortes kann der Mikroprozessor 1 beim Betrieb der Anlage feststellen, ob die aus dem Arbeitsspeicher 8 abgerufenen Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare fehlerhaft sind.Once the entire operating area has been traversed, then a commercially available programming device 25 is connected to the computer 20 according to FIG. 3, which inputs the new values into the working memory 8 designed as a RePROM. For data backup, the computer 20 determines an additional code signal for each pair of air: fuel values and enters it in the working memory 8. Using this code word, the microprocessor 1 can determine when the system is operating whether the air: fuel value pairs retrieved from the working memory 8 are faulty.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur Einstellung von Verbundreglern für Brenner in Wärmeerzeugungsanlagen, die in Stufen auf je nach Wärmebedarf unterschiedliche Heizleistungen und Brennstoffdurchsätze einstellbar sind, mit einem Luftregelventil (Luftklappe) für die Verbrennungsluft und einem Brennstoffregelventil, die beide durch Stellglieder, insbesondere Stellmotoren, einstellbar sind, die ihre Steuerbefehle von einem Steuergerät, insbesondere in Gestalt eines Mikroprozessors, erhalten, das die Steuerbefehle in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Wärmebedarf, von den Betriebssignalen eines Feuerungsautomaten und von gespeicherten Luft: Brennstoff-Wertepaaren erzeugt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Ermittlung und Einspeicherung der Luft: Brennstoff-Wertepaare bei der erstmaligen Inbetriebnahme oder einer Inspektion der Anlage der Mikroprozessor (1) durch einen Rechner (20) ersetzt wird, der programmgesteuert den Arbeitsbereich des Brenners durchfährt, in jedem Arbeitspunkt mittels einer Sonde (23) den Abgaszustand erfaßt und durch Nachstellen des Luft:Brennstoff-Verhältnisses den Abgaszustand auf den Sollwert bringt, worauf die in dieser Weise eingestellten Zuft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare ermittelt und in einen üpeicher-(8) eingeschrieben werden.1.Procedure for setting compound controllers for burners in heat generation systems, which can be set in stages to different heating capacities and fuel throughputs depending on the heat requirement, with an air control valve (air flap) for the combustion air and a fuel control valve, both of which can be set by actuators, in particular servomotors, which receive their control commands from a control unit, in particular in the form of a microprocessor, which generates the control commands as a function of the instantaneous heat requirement, the operating signals of an automatic burner control system and stored air: fuel value pairs, characterized in that for determining and storing the air: When the fuel is first put into operation or when the system is inspected, the microprocessor (1) is replaced by a computer (20) which, in a program-controlled manner, traverses the working area of the burner, at each working point by means of a probe (23), the exhaust gas additive tand recorded and by adjusting the air: fuel ratio brings the exhaust gas state to the target value, whereupon the Zuft: fuel value pairs determined in this way are determined and written into a memory (8). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Ermittlung der Wertepaare die Stellungsrückmeldesignale (17 bzw. 18) von Luftklappe (13) bzw. Brennstoffregelventil (15) verwendet werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the position feedback signals (17 or 18) of the air flap (13) or fuel control valve (15) are used to determine the value pairs. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abgaszustand mit einer 02- und/oder C02-und/oder CO-Sonde (23) ermittelt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the exhaust gas state is determined with a 0 2 - and / or C0 2 and / or CO probe (23). 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Ermittlung der Wertepaare dem mobilen Rechner (20) die ermittelten Abgaswerte zugeführt werden und er hieraus die Korrekturbefehle für die Stellmotoren (11 bzw. 12) zum Einstellen von Luftklappe (13) bzw. Brennstoffregelventil (15) ermittelt und an diese weiterleitet.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the determined exhaust gas values are fed to the mobile computer (20) to determine the value pairs and from this the correction commands for the servomotors (11 or 12) for adjusting the air flap (13th ) or fuel control valve (15) determined and forwarded to this. 5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Einlesen der ermittelten Luft:Brennstoff-Wertepaare in den Arbeitsspeicher (8) des Mikroprozessors (1) ein von dem Rechner (20) gesteuertes Programmiergerät (25) dient, an das der Arbeitsspeicher (8) des Mikroprozessors (1) angeschlossen wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for reading the determined air: fuel value pairs in the working memory (8) of the microprocessor (1) is used by the computer (20) controlled programming device (25) to which the Main memory (8) of the microprocessor (1) is connected.
EP81108690A 1980-10-23 1981-10-22 Process to adjust compound regulators for burners in heat-generating equipments Expired EP0050840B1 (en)

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DE3039994 1980-10-23
DE19803039994 DE3039994A1 (en) 1980-10-23 1980-10-23 METHOD FOR SETTING COMPONENT CONTROLLERS FOR BURNERS IN HEAT GENERATING SYSTEMS

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EP0088975A2 (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-21 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Method for the supervision of combustion plants
FR2531769A1 (en) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp IMPROVED COMBUSTION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BOILERS, DRIVE SHAFT CONTROL
EP0121437A2 (en) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-10 Monarflex Limited Control system for a boiler or furnace
EP0124330A1 (en) * 1983-04-21 1984-11-07 Autoflame Engineering Limited Improvements in or relating to fuel burner control systems
EP0183990A1 (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-06-11 Programmelectronic Engineering AG Method for diagnosing the condition of a heating installation and apparatus therefor
EP0191353A1 (en) * 1985-02-01 1986-08-20 Saastamoinen Oy Control procedure for a boiler plant operating on solid fuel, and corresponding control apparatus
EP0195866A1 (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-10-01 Autoflame Engineering Limited Fuel burner controller
EP0209771A1 (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-28 Bieler + Lang GmbH Method and circuit for the fine fuel volume flow regulation of burner-activated combustion devices by the measurement of the partial oxygen and the carbon monoxide content in the exhaust gases
US4645450A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-02-24 Control Techtronics, Inc. System and process for controlling the flow of air and fuel to a burner
US6213758B1 (en) 1999-11-09 2001-04-10 Megtec Systems, Inc. Burner air/fuel ratio regulation method and apparatus
NL1015797C2 (en) * 2000-07-25 2002-01-28 Nefit Buderus B V Combustion device and method for controlling a combustion device.
EP1239220A2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2002-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas combustion apparatus for heating purpose
WO2012056228A3 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-05-30 Autoflame Engineering Limited Burner control systems and methods of operating a burner
EP2918912A3 (en) * 2014-03-14 2016-01-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control device, burner and method for operating such a control device
EP2966353A1 (en) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-13 Riello S.p.A. Retrofit assembly for a fuel gas boiler and method for modifying a fuel gas boiler

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0088975A2 (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-21 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Method for the supervision of combustion plants
EP0088975A3 (en) * 1982-03-11 1984-09-12 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Method for the supervision of combustion plants
FR2531769A1 (en) * 1982-08-12 1984-02-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp IMPROVED COMBUSTION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR BOILERS, DRIVE SHAFT CONTROL
EP0121437A2 (en) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-10 Monarflex Limited Control system for a boiler or furnace
EP0121437A3 (en) * 1983-03-31 1985-01-23 Monarflex Limited Control system for a boiler or furnace
EP0124330A1 (en) * 1983-04-21 1984-11-07 Autoflame Engineering Limited Improvements in or relating to fuel burner control systems
US4645450A (en) * 1984-08-29 1987-02-24 Control Techtronics, Inc. System and process for controlling the flow of air and fuel to a burner
EP0183990A1 (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-06-11 Programmelectronic Engineering AG Method for diagnosing the condition of a heating installation and apparatus therefor
EP0195866A1 (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-10-01 Autoflame Engineering Limited Fuel burner controller
EP0191353A1 (en) * 1985-02-01 1986-08-20 Saastamoinen Oy Control procedure for a boiler plant operating on solid fuel, and corresponding control apparatus
EP0209771A1 (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-28 Bieler + Lang GmbH Method and circuit for the fine fuel volume flow regulation of burner-activated combustion devices by the measurement of the partial oxygen and the carbon monoxide content in the exhaust gases
US6213758B1 (en) 1999-11-09 2001-04-10 Megtec Systems, Inc. Burner air/fuel ratio regulation method and apparatus
EP1176364A1 (en) * 2000-07-25 2002-01-30 Nefit Buderus B.V. Combustion device and method for controlling a combustion device
NL1015797C2 (en) * 2000-07-25 2002-01-28 Nefit Buderus B V Combustion device and method for controlling a combustion device.
EP1239220A2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2002-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas combustion apparatus for heating purpose
EP1239220A3 (en) * 2001-03-08 2002-10-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas combustion apparatus for heating purpose
WO2012056228A3 (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-05-30 Autoflame Engineering Limited Burner control systems and methods of operating a burner
EP2918912A3 (en) * 2014-03-14 2016-01-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control device, burner and method for operating such a control device
EP2966353A1 (en) * 2014-07-10 2016-01-13 Riello S.p.A. Retrofit assembly for a fuel gas boiler and method for modifying a fuel gas boiler
EP3524884A1 (en) * 2014-07-10 2019-08-14 Riello S.p.A. Retrofit assembly for a fuel gas boiler and method for modifying a fuel gas boiler

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EP0050840B1 (en) 1984-08-08
DE3039994C2 (en) 1987-05-27

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